Indian Patents. 254115:"A COMPOUND 1-(4-BENZOYLPIPERAZIN-1-YL)-2-(4-METHOXY-7-(3-METHYL-1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL)-1H-PYRROLO[2,32-C]PYRIDIN-3-YL)ETHANE-1,2-DIONE"

Title of Invention	"A COMPOUND 1-(4-BENZOYLPIPERAZIN-1-YL)-2-(4-METHOXY-7-(3-METHYL-1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL)-1H-PYRROLO[2,32-C]PYRIDIN-3-YL)ETHANE-1,2-DIONE"
Abstract	A compound 1 -(4-benzoylpiperazin-1 -yl)-2-(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)ethane-l,2-dione of formula (B), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,

Full Text	COMPOSITION AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF SUBSTITUTED AZAINDOLEOXOACETIC PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This Continuation in Part application claims the benefit of USSN 10/214,982 filed August 7, 2002. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention provides compounds having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and method of use. In particular, the invention is concerned with azaindole piperazine diamide derivatives that possess unique antiviral activity. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds useful for the treatment of HTV and AIDS.' Background Art HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus -1) infection remains a major medical problem, with an estimated 42 million people infected worldwide at the end of 2002. The number of cases of HTV and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) has risen rapidly. In 2002, ~5.0 million new infections were reported, and 3.1 million people died from AIDS. Currently available drugs for the treatment of HIV include nine nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors or approved single pill combinations(zidovudine or AZT (or Retrovir"), didanosine (or Videx ), stavudine (or Zerit®), lamivudine (or 3TC or Epivir ), zalcitabine (or DDC or Hivid ), abacavir succinate (or Ziagen ), Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate salt (or Viread ), Combivir® (contains -3TC plus AZT), Trizivir (contains abacavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine); three non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: nevirapine (or Viramune"), delavirdine (or Rescriptor") and efavirenz (or Sustiva"), and eight peptidomimetic protease inhibitors or approved formulations: saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir, Kaletra (lopinavir and Ritonavir), and Atazanavir (Reyataz ). Each of these drugs can only transiently restrain viral replication if used alone. However, when used in combination, these drugs have a profound effect on viremia and disease progression. In fact, significant reductions in death rates among AIDS patients have been recently documented as a consequence of the widespread application of combination therapy. However, despite these impressive results, 30 to 50% of patients ultimately fail combination drug therapies. Insufficient drug potency, non-compliance, restricted tissue penetration and drugspecific limitations within certain cell types (e.g. most nucleoside analogs cannot be phosphorylated in resting cells) may account for the incomplete suppression of sensitive viruses. Furthermore, the high replication rate and rapid turnover of HTV-1 combined with the frequent incorporation of mutations, leads to the appearance of drug-resistant variants and treatment failures when sub-optimal drug concentrations are present (Larder and Kemp; Gulick; Kuritzkes; Morris-Jones et al\ Schinazi et alVacca and Condra; Flexner; Berkhout and Ren et al; (Ref. 6-14)). Therefore, novel anti-HTV agents exhibiting distinct resistance patterns, and favorable pharmacokinetic as well as safety profiles are needed to provide more treatment options. Currently marketed HTV-1 drugs are dominated by either nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors or peptidomimetic protease inhibitors. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) have recently gained an increasingly important role in the therapy of HTV infections (Pedersen & Pedersen, Ref 15). At least 30 different classes of NNRTI have been described in the literature (De Clercq, Ref. 16) and several NNRTIs have been evaluated in clinical trials. Dipyridodiazepinone (nevirapine), benzoxazinone (efavirenz) and bis(heteroaryl) piperazine derivatives (delavirdine) have been approved for clinical use. However, the major drawback to the development and application of NNRTIs is the propensity for rapid emergence of drug resistant strains, both in tissue cell culture and in treated individuals, particularly those subject to monotherapy. As a consequence, there is considerable interest in the identification of NNRTIs less prone to the development of resistance (Pedersen & Pedersen, Ref 15). Several indole derivatives including indole-3-sulfones, piperazino indoles, pyrazino indoles, and 5H-indolo[3,2-b][l,5]benzothiazepine derivatives have been reported as HTV-1 reverse transciptase inhibitors (Greenlee et al, Ref. 1; Williams et al, Ref. 2; Romero et al, Ref. 3; Font et al, Ref. 17; Romero et al, Ref. 18; Young et al, Ref. 19; Genin et al, Ref. 20; Silvestri et al, Ref. 21). Indole 2-carboxamides have also been described as inhibitors of cell adhesion and HTV infection (Boschelli et al, US 5,424,329, Ref. 4)_. Finally, 3-substituted indole natural products (Semicochliodinol A and B, didemethylasterriquinone and isocochliodinol) were disclosed as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease (Fredenhagen et al, Ref. 22). Other indole derivatives exhibiting antiviral activity useful for treating HIV are disclosed in PCT WO 00/76521 (Ref. 93). Also, indole derivatives are disclosed in PCT WO 00/71535 (Ref. 94). Structurally related aza-indole amide derivatives have been disclosed previously (Kato et al, Ref. 23; Levacher et al, Ref. 24; Dompe Spa, WO-09504742, Ref. 5(a); SmithKline Beecham PLC, WO-09611929, Ref. 5(b); Schering Corp., US- 05023265, Ref. 5(c)). However, these structures differ from those claimed herein in that they are aza-indole mono-amide rather than unsymmetrical aza-indole piperazine diamide derivatives, and mere is no mention of the use of these compounds for treating viral infections, particularly HTV. Other azaindoles have been also disclosed by Wang et al, Ref. 95. Indole and azaindole piperazine containing derivatives have been disclosed in four different PCT and issued U.S. patent applications (Reference 93-95, 106). Nothing in these references can be construed to disclose or suggest the novel compounds of this invention and their use to inhibit HTV infection. REFERENCES CITED Patent documents 1. Gxeenlee, W.J.; Srinivasan, P.C. 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Merour, Jean-Yves; Joseph, Benoit. Curr. Org. Chem. (2001), 5(5), 471- 506. 103. T. W. von Geldern et al. J. Med. Chem 1996, 39, 968. 104. M. Abdaoui et al. Tetrahedron 2000,56, 2427. 105. W. J. Spillane et al. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1,1982,3, 677 106. Wang, Tao; Wallace, Owen B.; Zhang, Zhongxing; Meanwell, Nicholas A.; Kadow, John F. Yin, Zhiwei. Composition and Antiviral Activity of Substituted Azaindoleoxoacetic Piperazine Derivatives. U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/214,982 filed August 7,2002, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Serial Number 10/038,306 filed January 2,2002 (corresponding to PCT Int. Appl. (PCT/US02/00455), WO 02/062423 Al, filed January 2,2002, published August 15, 2002. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are effective antiviral agents, particularly as inhibitors of HIV. A first embodiment of a first aspect of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, (Figure Removed) wherein: Q is selected from the group consisting of: R1, R2, R3, and R4, are independendy selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, COOR56, XR57, C(O)R7, C(O)NR55R56, B, D, and E with the proviso that at least one of R-R4 is selected from B or E; wherein - - represents a carbon-carbon bond or does not exist; m is 1 or 2; R5 is hydrogen or (CH2)nCH3, -C(O)(CH2)nCH3, -C(O)O(CH2)nCH3, -C(O) (CH2)nN(CH3)2 wherein n is 0-5; R6 is O or does not exist; A is selected from the group consisting of Ci^alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; in which said aryl is phenyl or napthyl; said heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzoimidazolyl and benzothiazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or two of the same or different members selected from the group consisting of amino, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, Ci^alkoxy, -C(O)NH2, Calkyl, -NHC(O)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl; B is selected from the group consisting of -C(=NR46)(R47), C(O)NR4lR41, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, S(O)2R8, C(O)R7, XR8a, (Ci^)aIkyINR40R41, (C)alkylCOOR8b; wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to three same or different substituents selected from the group F; wherein aryl is napthyl or substituted phenyl; wherein heteroaryl is a mono or bicyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms for a mono cyclic system and up to 12 atoms in a fused bicyclic system, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; wherein heteroalicyclic is a 3 to 7 membered mono cyclic ring which may contain from 1 to 2 heteroatoms in the ring skeleton and which may be fused to a benzene or pyridine ring; q is 0, 1, or 2; D is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl; wherein said (Ci_6)alkyl and (C2-e)alkenyl are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to three same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of C(O)NR55R56, hydroxy, cyano and XR57; E is selected from the group consisting of (Ci-6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl; wherein said (Ci.6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl are independently optionally substituted with a member selected from the group consisting of phenyl, heteroaryl, SMe, SPh, -C(O)NR56R57, C(O)R57, SO2(C1-6)alkyl and SO2Ph; wherein heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; Fis selected from the group consisting of (Ci-gjalkyl, (Ca^cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (C1-6)alkoxy, aryloxy, (Ci^)thioalkoxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, -C(O)R57, benzyl, -NR42C(O)-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42C(O)- (C3.6)cycloalkyl, -NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, a 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Ci^)alkyl, -NR42S(O)2- (C3-6)cycloaIkyl, -NR42S(O)2-aryI, -NR42S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR42S(O)2- heteroalicyclic, S(O)2(C1.6)alkyl, S(O)2aryl, -S(O)2 NR42R43, NR42R43, (C1-6)alkylC(0)NR42R43, C(O)NR42R43, NHC(O)NR42R43, OC(O)NR42R43, NHC(O)OR54, (Ci_6)alkylNR42R43, COOR54, and (QalkylCOOR54; wherein said (C1-6)alkyl, (C3_7)cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, (Ci.6)alkoxy, and aryloxy, are optionally substituted with one to nine same or different halogens or from one to five same or different substituents selected from the group G; wherein aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; G is selected from the group consisting of (Ci^alkyl, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy, aryloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, -C(0)R57, benzyl, -NR48C(0)-(Ci.6)alkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3.6)cycloalkyl, -NR48C(O)-aryl, -NR48C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR48C(O)-heteroalicyclic, a 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci.6)alkyl, -NR48S(O)2- (C3-6)cycloalkyl, -NR48S(O)2-aryI, -NR48S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR48S(O)2- heteroalicyclic, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamide, NR48R49, (Cw)alkyl C(O)NR48R49, C(0)NR48R49, NHC(0)NR48R49, OC(O)NR48R49, NHC(O)ORM (Ci.6)alkylNR48R49, COOR54, and (Ci-6)alkylCOOR54; wherein aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; R7 is selected from the group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic; wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or with from one to three same or different substituents selected from the group F; wherein for R7, R8, R8a, R8b aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a mono or bicyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms for mono cyclic systems and up to 10 atoms in a bicyclic system, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; wherein heteroalicyclic is selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C^)alkyl, (C3-7)cycloaUcyl, (C2-6)alkenyl, (C3-7)cycloalkenyl, (C2.6)alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic; wherein said (Ci-eJalkyl, (Cs^cycloalkyl, (C2-6)alkenyl, (C^cycloalkenyl, (Co-6)alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to six same or different halogens or from one to five same or different substituents selected from the group F; R8a is a member selected from the group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic; wherein each member is independently optionally substituted with one to six same or different halogens or from one to five same or different substituents selected from the group F; Rh R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (Chalky! and phenyl; R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-6alkyl; wherein said (Chalky! is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens; X is selected from the group consisting of NH or NCHs, O, and S; R40andR41 are independently selected from the group consisting of (a) hydrogen; (b) (Ci^)alkyl or (C3-7)cycloalkyl substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F; and (c) (Ci-6)alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl or heteroalicyclic; or R40 andR41 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a member selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, 4-NMe piperazine, piperidine, azepine, and morpholine; and wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F; wherein for R40 and R41 aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 6 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; provided when B is C(O)NR40R41, at least one of R40 and R41 is not selected from groups (a) or (b); R42 andR43 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-6)alkyl, allyl, (C1-6)alkoxy, (C1-6cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heteroalicyclic; or R42 and R43 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a member selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, 4-NMe piperazine, piperidine, azepine, and morpholine; and wherein said (C1-6)alkyl, (Ci-6)alkoxy, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group G; wherein for R42 andR43 aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 6 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is a member selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; Ra and R& are each independently H, (Q.$)alkyl or phenyl; R46 is selected from the group consisting of H, OR57, and NR55R56; R47 is selected from the group consisting of H, amino, halogen, phenyl, and (C1-6)alkyl; R48 andR49 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-8)alkyl and phenyl; R50 is selected from the group consisting of H, (C1-6)alkyl, (C3-6)cycloalkyl, and benzyl; wherein each of said (1-6)alkyl, (C1-6alkyl and benzyl are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogen, amino, OH, CN or NO2J R54 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-6)alkyl; R54' is (C1-6Jalkyl; R55 and R56 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and l; and R57 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and phenyl. A preferred embodiment are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: 1-6wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, aIkyl, cyano, nitro and XR57; wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, -O(C1-6)alkyl, cyano, -COOR56, nitro, XR57; phenyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one of methoxy, hydroxy or XR57; furyl, oxazolyl, or pyrazolyl, independently optionally substituted with halogen, methoxy, (Ci-3)alkyl orXR57;or (b)Qis: wherein R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, -O(Cw)alkyl, cyano, nitro , -COOR56, XR57, -C(O) NRS5R56; phenyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one of methoxy, hydroxy or XR57; furyl, oxalzolyl or pyrazolyl, independently optionally substituted with (Ci-3)alkyl, halogen, methoxy or XR57; and for both (a) and (b): m is 2; R5 is hydrogen; R6 does not exist; A is selected from the group consisting of Ci-galkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; wherein said aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl and isoxazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or two of the same or different members selected from the group consisting of amino, cyano, hydroxy Ci^alkoxy, Ci^alkyl, -NHC(0)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl; - - represents a carbon-carbon bond; XisNHorNCH3; R5 7is H oralkyl; and R55 and R56 are independently H or Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, or halogen; R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 .and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that only one is methyl; (Figure Removed) and then R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy; and Ra is hydrogen; or (b)Qis: and R is halogen or hydrogen and R3 is hydrogen; and for both (a) and (b): R4 is selected from the group consisting of B; B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone and methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from, the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein said phenyl is substituted and heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substiuients selected from the group F; F is selected from the group consisting of (C)alkyl, (cycloaUcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (C1-6alkoxy, (C1-6)thioalkoxy, cyano, halogen, - C(O)R57, benzyl, -NRCCOHQalkyl, -NR42C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl, -NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4,5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42R43, C(0)NR42R43 and COOR54; wherein said (C)alkyl, (Cacycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, (Ci-6)alkoxy, are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group G; G is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy, halogen, -NR48C(O)-(C1-6)aIkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl, 4,5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci-6)alkyl, NR48R49, (C1-6alkyl C(O)NR48R49, C(0)NR48R49 and (Ci^)alkylNR48R49; R40 is hydrogen; and R41 is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, (C3-v)cycloalkyl, phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein said (Ci.e)alkyl, (C3.7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl are substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one to two same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of methyl, (Ci-3)alkoxy, heteroaryl and aryl; wherein said aryl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (C1-6)alkoxy, -NR42C(O)- (Ci-6)alkyl, NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is Phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl; B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41 or heteroaryl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl, wherein, said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or Different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methoxy; R4isB; B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41 or heteroaryl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein:. B is -C(0)NR40R41. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl, wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: F is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, (C1-6cycloalkyl (C1-6)alleoxy, hydroxy, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, methoxy, -S(1-3)alkyl, halogen, -C(0)R57, C(0)NR42R43, -NR42C(0)-(d.6)alkyl, -NR42C(O)-(C3-6)cycloalkyl, -NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42S(O)2- (C3.6)cycloalkyl, -NR42S(O)2-aryl, -NR42S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR42S(O)2- heteroaUcycHc, NR42R43, NR55(C1-3)alkyINR55R56 and COOR54. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceuticafly acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: Q is R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methoxy; R3 is hydrogen; and B is selected from the group consisting of-CfOJNRR41 and heteroaryl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceuticaUy acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is fluoro. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole, azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole, azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, fury!, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole, azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein,said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole, azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, C-C alkyl, Q-Ce alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -NHS(0)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, -thiazole, pyrrole, piperazine, pyrrolidine and N-pyrrolidone. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of (Ci-Cs alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl) and Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of (Ci-Cg alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)- (d-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl), -N(d-C6 alkyl)2, -heteroaryl and a 4, 5, or 6 membered cyclic N-lactam. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of (CrC6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl) and Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-(Ci-6alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, -thiazole, pyrrole, piperazine, pyrrolidine and N-pyrrolidone. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of (Ci-C6 alkyl), amino, -NHCCOMC-Q alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl) and Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is thienyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl, Ci-Ce alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)- alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(CrC6 alkyl), -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 aliyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is thienyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl, amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -C(0)-NH2) C(0)NHMe, C(O)NMe2 and -NR55R56. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Q-Ce alkyl, Ci-Ce alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-Ce alkyl, -NHC(O)- (CrC6 alkyl), -NHS(OMCi-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2) C(p)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Q-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-pyrroh'done and trifluoromethyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-Cg alkyl, -NHC(O)- (C1-C6 alkyl), -NHSCOMC1-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-]S[R55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine, pyrroHdhie, N-pyrroUdone and trifluoromethyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Cg alkyl, Ci-Cg alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(6)H, -COOH, -COOCi-C6 alkyl, -NHC(O> (Ci-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(d-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(d-C6 alkyI)-NR55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine, pyrroh'dine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl, Ci-C6 alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-C6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-(d-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(d-Ce alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(d-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A. compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 2. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 2-1. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 3. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 4. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 5. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; wherein said phenyl or heteroaryl is independently optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, Cj-ealkyl, or halogen; represents a carbon-carbon bond; R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl, with the proviso that only zero, one, or two is methyl; Q is either: R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methoxy; and Rs is hydrogen; or R2 and R3 are hydrogen; and for both (a) and (b): R4 is selected from the group consisting of B; B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of triazole, pyrazole, oxazole, pyrazine, pyrimidine and oxadiazole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F; F is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)- alkyl, -NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43 R5 is hydrogen; R6 does not exist; and R42andR43 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (Ci-6)alkyl; or R42 andR43 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a heteroalicyclic selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine and morpholine. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is H, Q, F, or methoxy; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including phannaceuticaUy acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy or fluoro; and one of R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is methyl and the others are hydrogen. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy; and R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 , and R16 are each hydrogen. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: one of R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is (R)-methyl and the others are hydrogen. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: one of R9, R10, R", R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is (S)-methyl and the others are hydrogen. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy, hydrogen, chloro, or fluoro; and R4 is oxadiazole. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy, hydrogen, chloro or fluoro; and R4 is oxadiazole substituted with a single fluoro, chloro, amino or methyl group. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein said heteroaryl is pyridinyl, fiiranyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, Ci-galkyl, hydroxy, or halogen; R9, R10, R11, R12, R15, and R16 are each hydrogen; R13 and R14are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that only one is methyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy; and RS is hydrogen; or (b)Qis: and R2 is halogen or hydrogen and R3 is hydrogen; and for both (a) and (b): R4 is selected from the group consisting of B; and B is selected from the group consisting of-C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone, methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula J, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR4CVR41, substituted phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein said phenyl is substituted and heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F; F is selected from the group consisting of (Ci_6)alkyl, (Ccycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (Ci_6)alkoxy, (Cu&Jthioalkoxy, cyano, halogen, -C(0)R57, benzyl, -NR42C(O)-(Ci_6)allcyl, -NR42C(O)-(C)cycloalkyl, -NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(CI.6)allcyl, -NR42R43, C(O)NR42R43 and COOR54; wherein said (alkyl, (C acycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, (Ci^)alkoxy, are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group G; G is selected from the group consisting of (Ci^alkyl, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy, halogen, -NR48C(0)-(C)alkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl, 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci.6)alkyl, NR48R49, (Ci_6)alkyl C(O)NR48R49, C(O)NR48R49 and (Cw)alkylNR48R49; R40 is hydrogen; R41 is (Ci-6)aliyl, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl; wherein said (Ci_6)alkyl, (C3_7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl are substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one to two same or different methyl, (Cj^alkoxy, heteroaryl or aryl; wherein said aryl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group consisting of (Ci-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (d.6)alkoxy, -NR42C(O)-(Ci^)aliyl, NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, or halogen; R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 ,and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that only one is methyl; Q is either wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy; and Ra is hydrogen; or wherein R2 is halogen or hydrogen; and R3 is hydrogen; and for both (a) and (b): R4 is selected from the group consisting of B; B is selected from the group consisting o f - C X C N R , substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone, methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazinone and methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a benzene ring; wherein said group is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substiruent selected from the group F consisting of (CrC6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2- (d-Q alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NS2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl), -N(Ci-C6 alkyl)2, -heteroaryl and a 4,5, or 6 membered cyclic Nlactam. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: B is selected from the group consisting of oxadiazole, triazole, pycazole, pyrazine and pyrimidrne; wherein said group is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of (Ci-C6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(CrC6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(CrC6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(0)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl), -N(Ci-Cg alkyl)2, -heteroaryl, a 4,5, or 6 membered cyclic N-lactam and (Cw)alkylNR48R49. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, hicluding pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: heteroaryl in B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazine and pyrimidine. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: heteroaryl in B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazine and pyrimidine. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: wherein R9, R10, R15 and R16 are each hydrogen; and R11, R12, R13, and R14 are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that up to one can be methyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: one of R11, R12, R13, and R14 is methyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: the carbon atom of the piperazine ring to which the methyl group of R11, R12, R13, and R14 is attached has an (R) configuration. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R", R12, R13, and R14 are each hydrogen; and R9, R10, R15 and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that up to one can be methyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: one of R9, R10, R15 and R16 is methyl. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: the carbon atom of the piperazine ring to which the methyl group of R9, R10, R15 and R16 is attached has an (R) configuration. Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I, including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R1 is hydrogen; mis 2; R5 is hydrogen; R6 does not exist; A is selected from the group consisting of Ci-galkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; wherein aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl and isoxazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or two of the same or different amino, cyano, hydroxy Ci-ealkoxy, Ci-6alkyl, -MHC(O)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl; and - - represents a carbon-carbon bond. A most preferred embodiment is a compound of Formula la, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein: R2 is methoxy, fluoro or chloro. R4 is selected from the group consisting of either. which is a 1,2,3 triazole directly attached via the nitrogen atom of position 1 of the triazole wherein said 1,2,3 triazole is substituted with D at position 4 or R4 is: which is a 1,2,4 triazole attached via the nitrogen atom of position 1 of the triazole wherein said 1,2,4 triazole is substituted with E at position 3. D is selected from hydrogen or Ci-C3 alkyl. E is selected from the group consisting hydrogen, (Ci-CaJalkyl, O(Ci-C3)aliyl or CH2OGH3. R11 is either hydrogen or methyl in which the configuration to which the methyl is attached is (R) with the proviso that when R4 is 1,2,3 triazole, then R11 is hydrogen. Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an antiviral effective amount of a compound of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. When used for treating HIV infection, said formulation can optionally additionally contain an antiviral effective amount of an AIDS treatment agent selected from the group consisting of: an AIDS antiviral agent; an antiinfective agent; an immunomodulator, and HTV entry inhibitors. A third embodiment of the invention is a method for treating mammals infected with a virus, such as HTV, comprising administering to said mammal an antiviral effective amount of a compound of Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, optionally hi combination with an antiviral effective amount of an AIDS treatment agent selected from the group consisting of: (a) an AIDS antiviral agent; (b) an anti-infective agent; (c) an unmunomodulator; and (d) HIV entry inhibitors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Since the compounds of the present invention, may possess asymmetric centers and therefore occur as mixtures of diastereomers and enantiomers, the present invention includes the individual diastereoisomeric and enantiomeric forms of the compounds of Formula I in addition to the mixtures thereof. DEFINITIONS The term "Cj^ alky!" as used herein and in the claims (unless specified otherwise) mean straight or branched chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, amyl, hexyl and the like. "Halogen" refers to chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine. An "aryl" group refers to an all carbon monocyclic or fused-ring polycyclic (i.e., rings which share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) groups having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of aryl groups are phenyl, napthalenyl and anthracenyl. The aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. When substituted the substituted group(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethyl, ureido, amino and -KRxRy, wherein Rx andRy are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, carbonyl, C-carboxy, sulfonyl, trihalomethyl, and, combined, a five- or six-member heteroalicyclic ring. As used herein, a "heteroaryl" group refers to a monocyclic or fused ring (i.e., rings which share an adjacent pair of atoms) group having in the ring(s) one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and, in addition, having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Unless otherwise indicated, the heteroaryl group may be attached at either a carbon or nitrogen atom within the heteroaryl group. It should be noted that the term heteroaryl is intended to encompass an N-oxide of the parent heteroaryl if such an N-oxide is chemically feasible as is known in the art. Examples, without limitation, of heteroaryl groups are furyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, purinyl, carbazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, pyrazinyl. diazinyl, pyrazine, triazinyltriazine, tetrazinyl, and tetrazolyl. When substituted the substituted group(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethyl, ureido, amino, and -NRxRy, wherein Rx and Ry are as defined above. As used herein, a "heteroalicych'c" group refers to a monocyclic or fused ring group having in the ring(s) one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The rings may also have one or more double bonds. However, the rings do not have a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of heteroalicyclic groups are azetidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, imidazolinyl, thiazolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidin-l-yl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl and tetrahydropyranyl. When substituted the substituted group(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, Nthiocarbamyl, C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl, guanyl, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl, amino and -NRxRy, wherein RxandRy are as defined above. An "alkyl" group refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon including straight chain and branched chain groups. Preferably, the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms (whenever a numerical range; e.g., "1-20", is stated herein, it means that the group, in this case the alkyl group may contain 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc. up to and including 20 carbon atoms). More preferably, it is a medium size alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Most preferably, it is a lower alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. When substituted, the substituent group(s) is preferably one or more individually selected from trihaloalkyl, cycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloXy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl, tbiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-tbiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonarnido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, and combined, a five- or sixmember heteroalicyclic ring. A "cycloallcyl" group refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused ring (i.e., rings which share and adjacent pair of carbon atoms) group wherein one or more rings does not have a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane, cyclohexadiene, cycloheptane, cycloheptatriene and adamantane. A cycloalkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. "When substituted, the substituent group(s) is preferably one or more individually selected from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroarylloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, Ncarbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, Ccarboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalo- methanesulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl, guanyl, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl, amino and -NRxRy with Rand Ry as defined above. An "alkenyl" group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, consisting of at least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond. An "alkynyl" group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, consisting of at least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. A "hydroxy" group refers to an -OH group. An "alkoxy" group refers to both an -O-alkyl and an -O-cycloalkyl group as defined herein. An "aryloxy" group refers to both an -O-aryl and an -O-heteroaryl group, as defined herein. A "heteroaryloxy" group refers to a heteroaryl-O- group with heteroaryl as defined herein. A "heteroalicycloxy" group refers to a heteroalicyclic-O- group with heteroalicyclic as defined herein. A "thiohydroxy" group refers to an -SH group. A "thioaUcoxy" group refers to both an S-alkyl and an -S-cycloalkyl group, as defined herein. A "thioaryloxy" group refers to both an -S-aryl and an -S-heteroaryl group, as defined herein. A "thioheteroaryloxy" group refers to a heteroaryl-S- group with heteroaryl as defined herein. A "thioheteroalicycloxy" group refers to a heteroalicycIic-S- group with heteroalicyclic as defined herein. A "carbonyl" group refers to a -C(=O)-R" group, where R" is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloaliyl, aryl, heteroaryl (bonded through a ring carbon) and heteroalicyclic (bonded through a ring carbon), as each is defined herein. An "aldehyde" group refers to a carbonyl group where R" is hydrogen. A "thiocarbonyl" group refers to a -C(=S)-R" group, with R" as defined herein. A "Keto" group refers to a-CC(=O)C- group wherein the carbon on either or both sides of the C=O may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or a carbon of a heteroaryl or heteroaliacyclic group. A "trihalomethanecarbonyl" group refers to a Z3CC(=O)- group with said Z being a halogen. A "C-carboxy" group refers to a-C(=O)O-R" groups, with R" as defined herein. An "O-carboxy" group refers to a R"C(-O)O-group, with R" as defined herein. A "carboxylic acid" group refers to a C-carboxy group in which R" is hydrogen. A "trihalomethyl" group refers to a -CZa, group wherein Z is a halogen group as defined herein. A "trihalomethanesuUbnyl" group refers to an Z3CS(=O)2- groups with Z as defined above. A "trihalomethanesulfonamido" group refers to a Z3CS(=O)2NR- group with Z and Rx as defined herein. A "sulfinyl" group refers to a -S(=O)-R" group, with R" as defined herein and, hi addition, as a bond only; i.e., -S(O)-. A "sulfonyl" group refers to a -S(=0)2R" group with R" as defined herein and, in addition as a bond only; i.e., -8(0)2-. A "S-sulfonamido" group refers to a -S(=O)21S1RXRY, with Rx and RY as defined herein. A "N-Sulfonamido" group refers to a R"S(=O)2NR3r group with Rx as defined herein. A "O-carbamyr group refers to a -OC(=O)NRxRy as defined herein. A "N-carbamyl" group refers to a ROC(=O)NRy group, with Rx and Ry as defined herein. A "O-thiocarbamyl" group refers to a -OC(=S)NRxRy group with Rx and Ry as defined herein. A "N-thiocarbamyl" group refers to a RxOC(=S)NRy- group with Rx and Ry as defined herein. An "amino" group refers to an -NHz group. A "C-amido" group refers to a -C(=O)NRxRy group with Rx and Ry as defined herein. A "C-thioamido" group refers to a -C(=S)NRxRy group, with Rx and Ry as defined herein. A"N-amido" group refers to a RxC(=O)NRy- group, with Rx and Ry as defined herein. A cyclic 4,5, or six membered ring N-lactam refers to rings of 4,5 or 6 atoms containing a single amide group as two of the ring atoms which is linked to the parent molecule at the amide nitrogen. An "ureido" group refers to a -NRxC(=O)NRyRy2 group with R and Ry as defined herein and R3"2 defined the same as Rx and Ry. 56 A "guanidino" group refers to a-R3tNC(=N)NRyRy2 group, with Rx, Ry and as defined herein. A "guanyl" group refers to a RxRyNC(=N group, with Rx and RY as defined herein. A "cyano" group refers to a -CN group. A "silyl" group refers to a -SiCR")a, with R" as defined herein. A "phosphonyl" group refers to a P(=O)(ORX)2 with Rx as defined herein. A "hydrazino" group refers to a -NRxNRyRy2 group with Rx, R and R as defined herein. Any two adjacent R groups may combine to form an additional aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring fused to the ring initially bearing those R groups. It is known in the art that nitogen atoms in heteroaryl systems can be "participating in a heteroaryl ring double bond", and this refers to the form of double bonds in the two tautomeric structures which comprise five-member ring heteroaryl groups. This dictates whether nitrogens can be substituted as well understood by chemists in the art. The disclosure and claims of the present invention are based on the known general principles of chemical bonding. It is understood that the claims do not encompass structures known to be unstable or not able to exist based on the literature. Physiologically acceptable salts and prodrugs of compounds disclosed herein are within the scope of this invention. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein and in the claims is intended to include nontoxic base addition salts. Suitable salts include those derived from organic and inorganic acids such as, without limitation, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, sulfinic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, fdmaric acid, sorbic acid, aconitic acid, salicylic acid, phthalic acid, and the like. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein is also intended to include salts of acidic groups, such as a carboxylate, with such counterions as ammonium, alkali metal salts, particularly sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metal salts, particularly calcium or magnesium, and salts with suitable organic bases such as lower alkylamines (methylamine, ethylamine, cyclohexylamine, and the like) or with substituted lower alkylamines (e.g. hydroxyl-substituted alkylamines such as diethanolamine, triethanolamine or tris(hydroxymethyl)- aminomethane), or with bases such as piperidine or morpholine. In the method of the present invention, the term "antiviral effective amount" means the total amount of each active component of the method that is sufficient to show a meaningful patient benefit, i.e., healing of acute conditions characterized by inhibition of the HIV infection. When applied to an individual active ingredient, administered alone, the term refers to that ingredient alone. When applied to a combination, the term refers to combined amounts of the active ingredients that result in the therapeutic effect, whether administered in combination, serially or simultaneously. The terms "treat, treating, treatment" as used herein and in the claims means preventing or ameliorating diseases associated with HIV infection. The present invention is also directed to combinations of the compounds with one or more agents useful in the treatment of ADDS. For example, the compounds of this invention may be effectively administered, whether at periods of pre-exposure and/or post-exposure, in combination with effective amounts of the AIDS antivirals, immunomodulators, antiinfectives, or vaccines, such as those in the following table. ANTTVmALS Drue Name Manufacturer Indication 097 Hoechst/Bayer HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor) Amprenivir 141 W94 GW141 Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) Abacavir (1592U89) GW1592 Glaxo WeEcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Acemannan Acyclovir Carrington Labs (Irving, TX) Burroughs Wellcome ARC EHV infection, ADDS, ARC, hi combination with ACT AD-439 Tanox Biosystems HIV hifection, AIDS, ARC AD-519 Adefovir dipivoxil AL-721 Tanox Biosystems Gilead Sciences Ethigen (Los Angeles, CA) fflV infection, AIDS, ARC HTV hifection ARC,PGL HIV positive, AIDS Alpha rnterferon Glaxo Wellcome Kaposi's sarcoma, HTV in combination w/Retrovir Ansamycin LM427 Adria Laboratories (Dublin, OH) Erbamont (Stamford, CT) ARC Antibody which Neutralizes pH Labile alpha aberrant Interferon Advanced Biotherapy Concepts (Rockville, MD) AIDS, ARC AR177 Aronex Pharm HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Beta-fluoro-ddA Natl Cancer Institute AEDS-associated. diseases BMS-232623 (CGP-73547) Bristol-Myers Squibb/ Novartis HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) BMS-234475 (CGP-61755) Bristol-Myers Squibb/ Novartis HTV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) CI-1012 Cidofovir Warner-Lambert Gilead Science fflV-1 infection CMV retinitis, herpes, papillomavirus Curdlan sulfate AJIPharmaUSA HIV infection Cytomegalovirus Immune globin MedLnmune CMV retinitis Cytovene Ganciclovir Syntex Sight threatening CMV peripheral CMV retinitis Delaviridine Phannacia-Upj ohn EDV infection, AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Dextran Sulfate Ueno Fine Chem. Ind. Ltd. (Osaka, Japan) AIDS, ARC, fflV positive asymptomatic ddC Dideoxycytidine Hoffman-La Roche HIV infection, AIDS, ARC ddl Dideoxyinosine Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, AIDS, ARC; combination with AZT/d4T DMP-450 AVID (Camden, NJ) fflV infection, AIDS.ARC (protease inhibitor) Efavirenz (DMP266) (-)6-Chloro-4-(S)- cyclopropylethynyl- 4(S)-trifluoro- , methyl-1,4-dihydro- 2H-3,1-benzoxazin- 2-one, STOCRINE DuPont Merck fflV infection, AIDS, ARC (non-nucleoside RT inhibitor) EL10 Elan Corp, PLC (Gainesville, G A) HIV infection Famciclovir Smith Kline herpes zoster, herpes simplex FTC Emory University HTV infection, AIDS, ARC (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) GS840 Gilead HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) HBY097 Hoechst Marion Roussel HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Hypericin VIMRx Pharm. HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Recombinant Human Interferon Beta Triton Biosciences (Almeda, CA) AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, ARC Interferon alfa-n3 Interferon Sciences ARC, AIDS Indinavir Merck HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, asymptomatic HIV positive, also in combination with AZT/ddl/ddC ISIS 2922 ISIS Pharmaceuticals CMVretinitis KNI-272 Lamivudine, 3TC Nat'l Cancer Institute Glaxo Wellcome HIV-assoc. diseases HTV infection, AIDS, ARC (reverse transcriptase inhibitor); also withAZT Lobucavir Bristol-Myers Squibb CMV infection Nelfinavir Agouron Pharmaceuticals HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) Nevirapine Boeheringer Ingleheim HTV infection, AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Novapren Novaferon Labs, Inc. (Akron, OH) HIV inhibitor Peptide T Octapeptide Sequence Peninsula Labs (Belmont, CA) AIDS Trisodium Phosphonoformate Astra Pharm. Products, Inc. CMV retinitis, HIV infection, other CMV infections PNU-140690 Pharmacia Upjohn HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) Probucol Vyrex HIV infection, AIDS RBC-CD4 Sheffield Med. Tech (Houston, TX) HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Ritonavir Abbott HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) Saquinavir Hoffmann- LaRoche HTV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) Stavudine; d4T Didehydrodeoxythymidine Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Valaciclovir Glaxo Wellcome Genital HSV&CMV infections Virazole Ribavirin VirateMCN (Costa Mesa, CA) asymptomatic HIV positive, LAS, ARC VX-478 Vertex HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Zalcitabine Hoffmann-LaRoche HTV infection, AIDS, ARC, with AZT Zidovudine; AZT Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, - ARC, Kaposi's sarcoma, in combination with other therapies Tenofovir disoproxil, Gilead fumarate salt (Viread®) HTV infection, AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Combivir GSK HTV infection, AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) abacavir succiaate (orZiagen ) GSK HTV infection, AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) REYATAZ® (or atazanavir) Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection AIDs, protease inhibitor FUZEON (orT-20) Roche / Trimeris HIV infection AIDs, viral Fusion inhibitor IMMUNOMODULATORS Drug Name AS-101 Manufacturer Wyeth-Ayerst Indication AIDS Bropirimine Pharmacia Upjohn Advanced AIDS Acemannan Cairington Labs, Inc. (Irving, TX) AIDS, ARC CL246,738 American Cyanamid Lederle Labs AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma EL10 Han Corp, PLC (Gainesville, GA) HIV infection FP-21399 Fuki LmnunoPhann Blocks HIV fusion with CD4+ cells Gamma Interferon Genentech ARC, in combination w/TNF (tumor necrosis factor) Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Genetics Institute Sandoz AIDS Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Hoechst-Roussel Tmmunex AIDS Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Schering-Plough AIDS, combination w/AZT HTV Core Particle Imtnunostimulant Rorer Seropositive HIV IL-2 InterleuMn-2 Cetus AIDS, in combination w/AZT ILr2 Interleukin-2 Hoffman-LaRoche Irnmunex AIDS, ARC, fflV, in combination w/AZT IL-2 IhterleuMn-2 (aldeslukin) Chiron AIDS, increase in CD4 cell counts Immune Globulin Intravenous (human) Cutter Biological (Berkeley, CA) PediatricAIDS.in combination w/AZT IMREG-1 Imreg (New Orleans, LA) AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, ARC, PGL IMREG-2. Imreg (New Orleans, LA) AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma, ARC, PGL Imuthiol Diethyl Dithio Carbamate Merieux Institute AIDS, ARC Alpha-2 Interferon Sobering Plough Kaposi's sarcoma w/AZT, AIDS Methipnine- Enkephalin TNI Pharmaceutical (Chicago, IL) AIDS, ARC MTP-PE Muramyl-Tripeptide Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Ciba-Geigy Corp. Amgen Kaposi's sarcoma AIDS, in combination w/AZT Remune Immune Response Corp. Immunotherapeutic rCD4 Recombinant Soluble Human CD4 Genentech AIDS, ARC rCD4-IgG hybrids AIDS, ARC Recombinant Biogen Soluble Human CD4 AIDS, ARC Interferon Alfa2a Hoffman-La Roche Kaposi's sarcoma AIDS, ARC, in combination w/AZT SK&F106528 Soluble T4 Smith Kline fflV infection Thymopentin Immunobiology Research Institute (Annandale, NJ) HIV infection Tumor Necrosis Factor; TNF Genentech ARC, in combination w/gamma Interferon ANTI-INFECTIVES Drug Name Manufacturer Indication Clindarnycin with Primaquine Pharmacia Upjohn PCP Fluconazole Pfizer Cryptococcal meningitis, candidiasis Pastille Nystatin Pastille Squibb Corp. Prevention of oral candidiasis Ornidyl Eflornithine Merrell Dow PCP Pentamidine Isethionate (IM & IV) LyphoMed (Rosemont, IL) PCP treatment Trimethoprim Antibacterial Trimethoprim/sulfa Antibacterial Piritrexim. Burroughs Wellcome PCP treatment Pentamidine Isethionate for Inhalation Fisons Corporation PCP prophylaxis Spiramycin Rhone-Poulenc diarrhea Cryptosporidial mtraconazole- R51211 Janssen-Pharm. Histoplasmosis; cryptococcal meningitis Trimetrexate Warner-Lambert PCP Daunorubicin NeXstar, Sequus Kaposi's sarcoma Recombinant Human Ortho Pharm. Corp. Erythropoietin Severe anemia assoc. with AZT therapy Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Serono AIDS-related wasting, cachexia Megestrol Acetate Bristol-Myers Squibb Treatment of anorexia assoc. W/AIDS Testosterone Alza, Smith Kline AIDS-related wasting Total Enteral Norwich Eaton Diarrhea and Nutrition Pharmaceuticals malabsorption related to AIDS Additionally, the compounds of the invention herein may be used in combination with another class of agents for treating AIDS which are called HIV entry inhibitors. Examples of such HIV entry inhibitors are discussed in DRUGS OF THE FUTURE 1999,24(12), pp. 1355-1362; CELL, Vol. 9, pp. 243-246, Oct. 29, 1999; and DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 2000, pp. 183-194. It will be understood that the scope of combinations of the compounds of this invention with AIDS antivirals, immunomodulators, anti-infectives, HTV entry inhibitors or vaccines is not limited to the list in the above Table, but includes in principle any combination with any pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of ADDS. Preferred combinations are simultaneous or alternating treatments of with a compound of the present invention and an inhibitor of HIV protease and/or a nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase. An optional fourth component in the combination is a nucleoside inhibitor of HTV reverse transcriptase, such as AZT, 3TC, ddC or ddl. A preferred inhibitor of HIV protease is indinavir, which is the sulfatesaltofN-(2(R)-hydroxy-l-(S)-indanyl)-2(R)-phenyImethyl-4-(S)-hydroxy-5- (l-(4-(3-pyridyl-memyl)-2(S)-N'-(t-bu1ylcarboxarnido)-pipera2inyl))rpentaneamide ethanolate, and is synthesized according to U.S. 5,413,999. Indinavir is generally administered at a dosage of 800 mg three times a day. Other preferred protease inhibitors are nelfinavir and ritonavir. Another preferred inhibitor of HTV protease is saquinavir which is administered in a dosage of 600 or 1200 mg tid. Preferred nonnucleoside inhibitors of HTV reverse transcriptase include efavirenz. The preparation of ddC, ddl and AZT are also described in EPO 0,484,071. These combinations may have unexpected effects on limiting the spread and degree of infection of HTV. Preferred combinations include those with the following (1) indinavir with efavirenz, and, optionally, AZT and/or 3TC and/or ddl and/or ddC; (2) indinavir, and any of AZT and/or ddl and/or ddC and/or 3TC, in particular, indinavir and AZT and 3TC; (3) stavudine and 3TC and/or zidovudine; (4) zidovudine and lamivudine and 141W94 and 1592U89; (5) zidovudine and lamivudine. In such combinations the compound of the present invention and other active agents may be administered separately or in conjunction. In addition, the administration of one element may be prior to, concurrent to, or subsequent to the administration of other agent(s). . The preparative procedures and anti-HIV-1 activity of the novel azaindole piperazine diamide analogs of Formula I are summarized below in Schemes 1-64. Abbreviations The following abbreviations, most of which are conventional abbreviations well known to those skilled in the art, are used throughout the description of the invention and the examples. Some of the abbreviations used are as follows: h rt mol mmol g mg TFA DCE CH2C12 TPAP hour(s) room temperature mole(s) millimole(s) gram(s) milligrain(s) milliliter(s) Trifluoroacetic Acid 1,2-Dichloroethane = Dichloromethane tetrapropylammonium perruthenate THF DEPBT DMAP P-EDC EDC DMF Hunig's Base mCPBA azaindole 4-azaindole 5-azaindole 6-azaindole 7-azaiodoIe PMB DDQ OTf NMM PIP-COPh = NaHMDS EDAC TMS DCM DCE = Tetrahydofuran 3-(Diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)- one 4-dimethylaminopyri.dine Polymer supported l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3- ethylcarbodiimide l-(3^imethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiiDoide AT.W-dimethylformamide TV.AT-Diisopropylethylamine meto-Chloroperbenzoic Acid Ifl-Pyrrolo-pyridine lH-pyrrolo[3,2-i]pyridiiie Ifl-PyrroloCS-clpyridine lfl-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine lfl-Pyrrolo[2,3-)]pyridine 4-Methoxybenzyl 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l, 4-benzoquinone Trifluoromethanesulfonoxy 4-MethyImorpholine 1-Benzoylpiperazine Sodium hexamethyldisilazide l-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide Trimethylsilyl Dichloromethane Dicbloroethane MeOH THF EtOAc LDA TMP-Li DME DffiALH HOBT CBZ PCC Me Ph Methanol Tetrahrdrofuran Ethyl Acetate Lithium diisopropylarnide 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl lithium Dimethoxyethane Diisobutylaluminum hydride 1-hydroxybenzotriazole Benzyloxycarbonyl Pyridinium chlorochromate Methyl Phenyl The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I, their pharmaceutical formulations, and their use in patients suffering from or susceptible to HIV infection. The compounds of Formula I include pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. General procedures to construct substituted azaindole piperazine diamides of Formula I and intermediates useful for their synthesis are described in the following Schemes, 1-81. Step A in Scheme 1 depicts the synthesis of an aza indole intennediate, 2a, via the well known Bartoli reaction in which vinyl magnesium bromide reacts with an aryl or heteroaryl nitro group, such as in 1, to form a five-membered nitrogen.; containing ring as shown. Some references for the above transformation include: Bartoli et al. a) Tetrahedron Lett. 1989,30, 2129. b) J. Chem. Soc. PerJdn Trans. 1 1991,2757. c) J. Chem. Soc. Perldn Trans. II1991, 657. d) SynLett (1999), 1594. In the preferred procedure, a solution of vinyl Magnesium bromide in THF (typically l.OM but from 0.25 to 3.0M) is added dropwise to a solution of the nitro pyridine in THF at -78° under an inert atmosphere of either nitrogen or Argon. After addition is completed, the reaction temperature is allowed to warm to -20° and then is stirred for approximately 12h before quenching with 20% aq ammonium chloride solution. The reaction is extracted with ethyl acetate and then worked up in a typical manner using a drying agent such as anhydrous magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate. Products are generally purified using chromatography over Silica gel. Best results are generally achieved using freshly prepared vinyl Magnesium bromide. In some cases, vinyl Magnesium chloride may be substituted for vinyl Magnesium bromide. Substituted azaindoles may be prepared by methods described in the literature or may be available from commercial sources. Thus there are many methods for carrying out step A in the literature and the specific examples are too numerous to even list. Alternative syntheses of aza indoles and general methods for carrying out step A include, but are not limited to, those described in the following references (a-k below): a)Prokopov, A. A.; Yakhontov, L. N. ^zm.-Fa/7M. Zh. 1994, 28(7), 30- 51; b) Lablache-Combier, A. Heteroaromatics. Photoinduced Electron Transfer 1988, Pt. C, 134-312; c) Saify, Zafar Said. Pak. J. Pharmacol. 1986,2(2), 43-6; d) Bisagni, E. Jerusalem Symp. Quantum Chem. Biochem. 1972, 4,439-45; e) Yakhontov, L. N. Usp. Khim. 1968,37(7), 1258-87; f) Willette, R. E. Advan. Heterocycl Chem. 1968,9,27-105; g) Mahadevan, I.; Rasmussen, M. Tetrahedron 1993,49(33), 7337-52; h) Mahadevan, L; Rasmussen, M. /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992,29(2), 359-67; i) Spivey, A. C.; Fekner, T.; Spey, S. E.; Adams, H. J. Org. Chem. 1999,64(26), 9430-9443; j) Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.; Adams, H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998,39(48), 8919-8922; k) Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry (Academic press) 1991, Vol. 52, pg 235-236 and references therein. Step B. Intermediate 3a can be prepared by reaction of aza-indole, intermediate 2a, with an excess of CICOCOOMe in the presence of AlCla (aluminum chloride) (Sycheva et al, Ref. 26, Sycheva, T.V.; Rubtsov, N.M.; Sheinker, Yu.N.; Yakhontov, L.N. Some reactions of 5-cyano-6-chloro-7-azaindoles andlactamlactim tautomerism in 5-cyano-6-hydroxy-7-azaindolines. Khim. GeterotsikL Soedin., 1987,100-106). Typically an inert solvent such as CHjCb is used but others such as THF, Et2O, DCE, dioxane, benzene, or toluene may find applicability either alone or in mixtures. Other oxalate esters such as ethyl or benzyl mono esters of oxalic acid could also suffice for either method shown above. More lipophilic esters ease isolation during aqueous extractions. Phenolic or substituted phenolic (such as pentafluorophenol) esters enable direct coupling of the HW(C=O)A group, such as a piperazine, in Step D without activation. Lewis acid catalysts, such as tin tetrachloride, titanium IV chloride, and aluminum chloride are employed in Step B with aluminum chloride being most preferred. Alternatively, the azaindole is treated with a Grignard reagent such as MeMgl (methyl magnesium iodide), methyl magnesium bromide or ethyl magnesium bromide and a zinc halide, such as ZnCk (zinc chloride) or zinc bromide, followed by the addition of an oxalyl chloride mono ester, such as CICOCOOMe (methyl chlorooxoacetate) or another ester as above, to afford the aza-indole glyoxyl ester (Shadrma et al, Ref. 25). Oxalic acid esters such as methyl oxalate, ethyl oxalate or as above are used. Aprotic solvents such as dkCfe, EtjO, benzene, toluene, DCS, or the like may be used alone or in combination for this sequence. In addition to the oxalyl chloride mono esters, oxalyl chloride itself may be reacted with the azaindole and then further reacted with an appropriate amine, such as apiperazine derivative (See Scheme 52, for example). Step C. Hydrolysis of the methyl ester, (intermediate 3a, Scheme 1) affords a potassium salt of intermediate 4a, which is coupled with mono-benzoylated piperazine derivatives as shown in Step D of Scheme 1. Some typical conditions employ methanolic or ethanolic sodium hydroxide followed by careful acidification with aqueous hydrochloric acid of varying molarity but 1M HC1 is preferred. The acidification is not utilized in many cases as described above for the preferred conditions. Lithium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide could also be employed and varying amounts of water could be added to the alcohols. Propanols or butanqls could also be used as solvents. Elevated temperatures up to the boiling points of the solvents may be utilized if ambient temperatures do not suffice. Alternatively, the hydrolysis may be carried out in a non polar solvent such as CHiCla or THF in the presence of Triton B. Temperatures of -78 °C to the boiling point of the solvent may be employed but -10 °C is preferred. Other conditions for ester hydrolysis are listed in reference 41 and both this reference and many of the conditions for ester hydrolysis are well known to chemists of average skill in the art. Alternative procedures for step B and C Imidazolium Chloroaluminate: We found that ionic liquid l-alkyl-3-alkylimidazolium Chloroaluminate is generally useful in promoting the Friedel-Crafts type acylation of indoles and azaindoles. The ionic liquid is generated by mixing l-alkyl-3-alkylimidazoUum chloride with aluminium chloride at room temperature with vigorous stirring. 1:2 or 1:3 molar ratio of l-alkyl-3-alkyHmidazolium chloride to aluminium chloride is preferred. One particular useful imidazolium Chloroaluminate for the acylation of azaindole with methyl or ethyl chlorooxoacetate is the l-ethyl-3-methyumidazolium Chloroaluminate. The reaction is typically performed at ambient temperature and the azaindoleglyoxyl ester can be isolated. More conveniently, we found that the glyoxyl ester can be hydrolyzed in situ at ambient temperature on prolonged reaction time (typically overnight) to give the corresponding glyoxyl acid for amide formation (Scheme 1). A representative experimental procedure is as follows: l-ethyl-3- methyUmidazolium chloride (2 equiv.; purchased from TCI; weighted under a stream of nitrogen) was stirred in an oven-dried round bottom flask at r.t. under a nitrogen atmosphere, and added aluminium chloride (6 equiv.; anhydrous powder packaged under argon in ampules purchased from Aldrich preferred; weighted under a stream of nitrogen). The mixture was vigorously stirred to form a liquid, which was then added azaindole (1 equiv.) and stirred until a homogenous mixture resulted. The reaction mixture was added dropwise ethyl or methyl chlorooxoacetate (2 equiv.) and then stirred at r.t. for 16 h. After which time, the mixture was cooled in an ice-water bath and the reaction quenched by carefully adding excess water. The precipitates were filtered, washed with water and dried under high vacuum to give the azaindoleglyoxyl acid. For some examples, 3 equivalents of l-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium chloride and chlorooxoacetate may be required. Related references: (1) Welton, T. Chem Rev. 1999, 99, 2071; (2) Surette, J. K. D.; Green, L.; Singer, R. D. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2753; (3) Saleh, R. Y. WO 0015594. Step D. The acid intermediate, 4a, from step C of Scheme 1 is coupled with an amine A(C=O)WH preferably in the presence of DEPBT (3- (diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3.H)-one) and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine, commonly known as Hunig's base, to provide azaindole piperazine diamides. DEPBT was prepared according to the procedure of Ref. 28, Li, H.; Jiang, X.; Ye, Y.-H.; Fan, C.; Romoff, T.; Goodman, M, Organic Lett., 1999,1, 91-93. Typically an inert solvent such as DMF or THF is used but other aptotic solvents could be used. The group W as referred to herein is The amide bond construction reaction could be carried out using the preferred conditions described above, the EDC conditions described below, other coupling conditions described hi this application, or alternatively by applying the conditions or coupling reagents for amide bond construction described later in this application for construction of substituents. Some specific nonlimiting examples are given hi this appli cation. The mono-substituted piperazine derivatives can be prepared according to well established procedures such as those described by Desai et al, Ref. 27(a), Adamczyk et al, Ref. 27(b), Rossen et al, Ref. 27(c), and Wang et al, 27(d). Additional procedures for synthesizing, modifying and attaching groups (C=O)m-WC(O)-A are contained in PCT WO 00/71535. Scheme 2 provides a more specific example of the transformations previously described in Scheme 1. Intermediates 6-10 are prepared by the methodologies as described for intermediates la-5a in Scheme 1. Scheme 2A is another embodiment of the transformations described in Schemes 1 and 2. Conversion of the phenol to the chloride (Step S, Scheme 2A) may be accomplished according to the procedures described in Reimann, E.; Wichmann, P.; Hoefher, G.; Sci. Pharm. 1996, 64(3), 637- 646; and Katritzky, A.R.; Rachwal, S.; Smith, T.P.; Steel, PJ.; J. HeterocycL Chem. 1995,32(3), 979-984. Step T of Scheme 2A can be carried out as described for Step A of Scheme 1. The bromo intermediate can then be converted into alkoxy, chloro, or fluoro intermediates as shown in Step U of Scheme 2A. Scheme 2A describes the preferred method for preparing intermediate 6c or other closely related compounds containing a 4 methoxy group in the 6-azaindole system. When step U is the conversion of the bromide into alkoxy derivatives, the conversion may he carried out by reacting the bromide with an excess of sodium methoxide in methanol with cuprous salts, such as copper I bromide, copper I iodide, and copper I cyanide. The temperature may be carried out at temperatures of between ambient and 175° but most likely will be around 115°C or 100°C. The reaction may be ran in a pressure vessel or sealed tube to prevent escape of volatiles such as methanol. The preferred conditions utilize 3eq of sodium methoxide in methanol, CuBr as the reaction catalyst (0.2 to 3 equivalents with the preferred being 1 eq or less) , and a reaction temperature of 115° C. The reaction is carried out hi a sealed tube or sealed reaction vessel. The conversion of the bromide into alkoxy derivatives may also be carried out according to procedures described in Palucki, M.; Wolfe, J.P.; Buchwald, S.L.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119(14), 3395-3396; Yamato, T.; Komine, M.; Nagano, Y.; Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1997,29(3;, 300-303; Rychnovsky, S.D.; Hwang, K.; J. Org. Chem. 1994,59(18), 5414-5418. Conversion of the bromide to the fluoro derivative (Step U, Scheme 2A) may be accomplished according to Antipin, I.S.; Vigalok, A.I.; Konovalov, A.I.; Zh. Org. Khim. 1991, 27(7), 1577-1577; and Uchibori, Y.; Umeno, M.; Seto, H.; Qian, Z,; Yoshioka, H.; Synlett. 1992, 4, 345-346. Conversion of the bromide to the chloro derivative (Step U, Scheme 2A) may be accomplished according to procedures described in Gilbert, E.J.; Van Vranken, D.L.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118(23), 5500-5501; Mongin, K; Mongin, O.; Trecourt, R; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37(37), 6695-6698; and O'Connor, K.J.; Burrows, C.J.; /. Org. Chem. 1991, 56(3), 1344-1346. Steps V, W and X of Scheme 2A are carried out according to the procedures previously described for Steps B, C, and D of Scheme 1, respectively. The steps of Scheme 2A may be carried out in a different order as shown in Scheme 2B and Scheme 2C. Scheme 3 shows the synthesis of 4-azaindole derivatives 1Mb. 5-azaindole derivatives lc-5c, and 7-azaindole derivatives ld-5d. The methods used to synthesize lb-5b, lc-5c, and ld-5d are the same methods described for the synthesis of la-5a as described in Scheme 1. It is understood, for the purposes of Scheme 3, that Ib is used to synthesize 2b-5b, Ic provides 2c-5c and Id provides 2d-5d. The compounds where there is a single carbonyl between the azaindole and group W can be prepared by the method of Kelarev, V. I.; Gasanov, S. Sh.; Karakhanov, R. A.; Polivin, Yu. N.; Kuatbekova, K. P.; Panina, M. E.; Zh. Org. Khim 1992,28(12), 2561-2568. In this method azaindoles are reacted with trichloroacetyl chloride in pyridine and then subsequently with KOH in methanol to provide the 3- carbomethoxy azaindoles shown in Scheme 4 which can then be hydrolyzed to the acid and carried through the coupling sequence with HW(C=O)A to provide the compounds of Formula I wherein a single carbonyl links the azaindole moiety and group W. An alternative method for carrying out the sequence outlined in steps B-D (shown in Scheme 5) involves treating an azaindole, such as 11, obtained by procedures described in the literature or from commercial sources, with MeMgl and ZnQ2, followed by the addition of ClCOCOd (oxalyl chloride) in either THF or EtaO to afford a mixture of a glyoxyl chloride azaindole, 12a, and an acyl chloride azaindole, 12b. The resulting mixture of glyoxyl chloride azaindole and acyl chloride azaindole is then coupled with mono-benzoylated piperazine derivatives under basic conditions to afford the products of step D as a mixture of compounds, 13a and 13b, where either one or two carbonyl groups link the azaindole and group W. Separation via chromatographic methods which are well known in the art provides the pure 13a and 13b. This sequence is summarized in Scheme 5, below. Scheme 6 depicts a general method for modifying the substituent A. Coupling of H-W-C(O)OtBu using the conditions described previously for W in Scheme 1, Step D provides Boc protected intermediate, 15. Intermediate 15 is then deprotected by treatment with an acid such as TFA, hydrochloric acid or formic acid using standard solvents or additives such as CHaCla , dioxane, or anisole and temperatures between -78 °C and 100 °C. Other acids such as aq hydrochloric or perchloric may also be used for deprotection. Alternatively other nitrogen protecting groups on W such as Cbz or TROC, may be utilized and could be removed via hydrogenation or treatment with zinc respectively. A stable silyl protecting group such as phenyl dimethylsilyl could also be employed as a nitrogen protecting group on W and can be removed .with fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride. Finally, the free amine is coupled to acid A-C(O)OH using standard amineacid coupling conditions such as those used to attach group W or as shown below for amide formation on positions Rj-R4 to provide compound 16. Some specific examples of general methods for preparing functionalized azaindoles or for interconverting functionality on aza indoles which will be useful for preparing the compounds of this invention are shown in the following sections for illustrative purposes. It should be understood that this invention covers substituted 4, 5,6, and 7 azaindoles and that the methodology shown below may be applicable to all of the above series while other shown below will be specific to one or more. A typical practioner of the art can make this distinction when not specifically delineated. Many methods are intended to be applicable to all the series, particularly functional group installations or interconversions. For example, a general strategy for providing further functionality of this invention is to position or install a halide such as bromo, chloro, or iodo, aldehyde, cyano, or a carboxy group on the azaindole and then to convert that functionality to the desired compounds. In particular, conversion to substituted heteroaryl, aryl, and amide groups on the ring are of particular interest. General routes for functionalizing azaindole rings are shown in Schemes 7, 8 and 9. As depicted in Scheme 7, the azaindole, 17, can be oxidized to the corresponding JV-oxide derivative, 18, by using mCPBA (meta-Chloroperbenzoic Acid) in acetone or DMF (eq. 1, Harada et al, Ref. 29 and Antonini et al, Ref. 34). The JV-oxide, 18, can be converted to & variety of substituted azaindole derivatives by using well documented reagents such as phosphorus oxychloride (POCla) (eq. 2, Schneller et al, Ref. 30), telramethylammonium fluoride (MeNF) (eq. 3), Grignard reagents RMgX (R = alkyl or aryl, X = Cl, Br or I) (eq. 4, Shiotani et al, Ref. 31), trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) (eq. 5, Muiakata et al, Ref. 32) or Ac20 (eq. 6, Klemm et al, Ref. 33). Under such conditions, a chlorine (in 19), fluorine (in 20), nitrile (in 22), alkyl (in 21), aromatic (in 21) or hydroxyl group (in 24) can be introduced to the pyridine ring. Nitration of azaindole .AT-oxides results in introduction of a nitro group to azaindole ring, as shown in Scheme 8 (eq. 7, Antonini et al, Ref. 34). The nitro group can subsequently be displaced by a variety of nucleophilic agents, such as OR, NRR2 or SR, in a well established chemical fashion (eq. 8, Regnouf De Vains et al, Ref. 35(a), Miura et al, Ref. 35(b), Profft et al, Ref. 35(c)). The resulting N-oxides, 26, are readily reduced to the corresponding azaindole, 27, using phosphorus trichloride (PCls) (eq. 9, Antonini et al, Ref .34 and Nesi et al, Ref. 36). Similarly, nitro-substituted //-oxide, 25, can be reduced to the azaindole, 28, using phosphorus trichloride (eq. 10). The nitro group of compound 28 can be reduced to either a hydroxylamine (NHOH), as in 29, (eq. 11, Walser et al, Ref. 37(a) and Barker et al, Ref. 37(b)) or an amino (NH2) group, as in 30, (eq. 12, Nesi et al, Ref. 36 and Ayyangar et al, Ref. 38) by carefully selecting different reducing conditions. The alkylation of the nitrogen atom at position 1 of the azaindole derivatives can be achieved using NaH as the base, DMF as the solvent and an alkyl halide or sulfonate as alkylating agent, according to a procedure described in the literature (Mahadevan et al, Ref. 39) (Scheme 9). In the general routes for substituting the azaindole ring described above, each process can be applied repeatedly and combinations of these processes is permissible in order to provide azaindoles incorporating multiple substituents. The application of such processes provides additional compounds of Formula I. The synthesis of 4-aminoazaindoles which are useful precursors for 4, 5, and/or 7-substituted azaindoles is shown in Scheme 10 above. The synthesis of 3,5-dinitro-4-methylpyridine, 32, is described hi the following two references by Achremowicz etal.: Achremowicz, Lucjan. Pr. Nauk. Inst. Chem. Org. Fiz.Politech.Wroclaw: 1982,23, 3-128; Achremowicz, Lucjan. Synthesis 1975,10, 653-4. In the first step of Scheme 10, the reaction with ditnethylformamide dimethyl acetal in an inert solvent or neat under conditions for forming Batcho-Leimgruber precursors provides the cyclization precursor, 33, as shown. Although the step is anticipated to work as shown, the pyridine may be oxidized to the N-oxide prior to the reaction using a peracid such as MCPB A or a more potent oxidant like metatrifluoromethyl or meta nitro peroxy benzoic acids. In the second step of Scheme 10, reduction of the nitro group using for example hydrogenation over Pd/C catalyst in a solvent such as MeOH, EtOH, or EtOAc provides the cyclized product, 34. Alternatively the reduction may be carried out using tin dichloride and HC1, hydrogenation over Raney nickel or other catalysts, or by using other methods for nitro reduction such as described elsewhere in this application. The amino indole, 34, can now be converted to compounds of Formula I via, for example, diazotization of the amino group, and then conversion of the diazonium salt to the fluoride, chloride or alkoxy group. See the discussion of such conversions in the descriptions for Schemes 17 and 18. The conversion of the amino moiety into desired functionality could then be followed by installation of the oxoacetopiperazine moiety by the standard methodology described above. 5 or 7-substitution of the azaindole can arise from N-oxide formation at position 6 and subsequent conversion to the chloro via conditions such as POCls in chloroform, acetic anhydride followed by POCls in DMF, or alternatively TsCl in DMF. Literature references for these and other conditions are provided in some of the later Schemes hi this application. The synthesis of 4-bromo-7-hydroxy or protected hydroxy-4-azaindole is described below as this is a useful precursor for 4 and/or 7 substituted 6-aza indoles. The synthesis of 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-nitro pyridine, 35, may be carried out as described in the following reference:Betageri, R.; Beaulieu, P.L.; Lh'nas-Brunet, M; Ferland, J.M.; Cardozo, M.; Moss, N.; Patel, U.; Proudfoot, J.R. PCTInt.Appl.WO 9931066,1999. Intermediate 36 is prepared from 35 according to the method as described for Step 1 of Scheme 10. PG is an optional hydroxy protecting group such as triallylsilyl or the like. Intermediate 37 is then prepared from 36 by the selective reduction of the nitro group in the presence of bromide and subsequent cyclization as described in the second step of Scheme 10. Fe(OH)a in DMF with catalytic tetrabutylammonium bromide can also be utilized for the reduction of the nitro group. The bromide may then be converted to fluoride via displacement with fluoride anions or to other substituents. The compounds are then converted to compounds of Formula I as above. An alternate method for preparing substituted 6-azaindoles is shown below in Schemes 12 and 13. It should be recognized that slight modifications of the route depicted below are possible. For example, acylation reactions of the 3 position of what will become the azaindole five membered ring, prior to aromatization of the azaindole, may be carried out in order to obtain higher yields. In addition to a paramethoxybenzyl group (PMB), a benzyl group can be carried through the sequence and removed during azaindole formation by using TsOH, p-Chloranil, in benzene as the oxidant if DDQ is not optimal. The benzyl intermediate, 38, has been described by Ziegler et al. in /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95(22), 7458. The transformation of 38 to 40 is analogous to the transformation described in Heterocycles 1984,22,2313. Scheme 13 describes various transformations of intermediate 40 which ultimately provide compounds of Formula L The conversions of the phenol moiety to other functionality at position 4 (Rj position in Scheme 13) may be carried out by the following methods: 1) conversion of a phenol to methoxy group with silver oxide and Mel or diazomethane; 2) conversion of a phenolic hydroxy group to chloro using cat ZnCl2, and N,N dimetbylaniline in CH2a2 or PC15 and POC13 together; 3) conversion of a phenolic hydroxy group to fluoro using diethylamine-SFa as in Org.Prep. Proc. Int. 1992, 24(1), 55-57. The method described in EP 427603, 1991, using the chloroformate and HF will also be useful. Other transformations are possible. For example the phenol can be converted to a triflate by standard methods and used in coupling chemistries described later in this application. Step E. Scheme 14 depicts the nitration of an azaindole, 41, (R2 = H). Numerous conditions for nitration of the azaindole may be effective and have been described in the literature. NaOs in nitromethane followed by aqueous sodium bisulfite according to the method of Bakke, J. M.; Ranes, E.; SyntJiesis 1997, 3, 281- 283 could be utilized. Nitric acid in acetic may also be employed as described in Kimura, H.; Yotsuya, S.; Yuki, S.; Sugi, H.; Shigehara, I.; Haga, T.; CJiem. Pharm. Bull. 1995, 43(10), 1696-1700. Sulfuric acid followed by nitric acid may be employed as in Ruefenacht, K.; Kristinsson, H.; Mattern, G.; Helv Chim Acta 1976, 59, 1593. Coombes, R. G.; Russell, L. W.; J. Chem. Soc., Perldn Trans. 1 1974, 1751 describes the use of a Titatanium based reagent system for nitration. Other conditions for the nitration of the azaindole can be found in the following references: Lever, O.W.J.; Werblood, H. M.; Russell, R. K.; Synth. Comm. 1993, 23(9), 1315-1320; Wozniak, M.; Van Der Plas, H. C.; J, Heterocyd Chem. 1978, 15, 731. As shown above in Scheme 15, Step F, substituted azaindoles containing a chloride, bromide, iodide, triflate, or phpsphonate undergo coupling reactions with a boronate (Suzuki type reactions) or a stannane to provide substituted azaindoles. Stannaries and boronates are prepared via standard literature procedures or as described in the experimental section of this application. The substitututed indoles may undergo metal mediated coupling to provide compounds of Formula I wherein R4 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroalicyclic for example, The bromoazaindole intermediates, (or azaindole triflates or iodides) may undergo Stille-type coupling with heteroarylstannanes as shown in Scheme 15. Conditions for this reaction are well known in the art and the following are three example references a) Farina, V.; Roth, G.P. Recent advances in the Stille reaction; Adv. Met.-Org. Chem. 1996,5, l- 53. b) Farina, V.; Krishnaniurthy, V.; Scott, WJ. The Stille reaction; Org. React. (N. Y.) 1997,50,1-652. and c) Stille, J. K. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl 1986,25, 508-524. Other references for general coupling conditions are also in the reference by Richard C. Larock Comprehensive Organic Transformations 2nd Ed. 1999, John Wiley and Sons New York. All of these references provide numerous conditions at the disposal of those skilled in the art in addition to the specific examples provided in Scheme 15 and hi the specific embodiments. It can be well recognized that an indole stannane could also couple to a heterocyclic or aryl halide or triflate to construct compounds of Formula L Suzuki coupling (Norio Miyaura and Akiro Suzuki Chem Rev. 1995,95,2457.) between a triflate, bromo, or chloro azaindole intermediate and a suitable boronate could also be employed and some specific examples are contained in this application. Palladium catalyzed couplings of stannanes and boronates between chloro azaindole intermediates are also feasible and have been utilized extensively for this invention. Preferred procedures for coupling of a chloro azaindole and a stannane employ dioxane, stoichiometric or an excess of the tin reagent (up to 5 equivalents), 0.1 to 1 eq of Palladium (0) tetrakis triphenyl phosphine in dioxane heated for 5 to 15 h at 110 to 120°. Other solvents such as DMF, THF, toluene, or benzene could be employed. Preferred procedures for Suzuki coupling of a chloro azaindole and a boronate employ 1:1 DMF water as solvent, 2 equivalents of potassium carbonate as base stoichiometric or an excess of the boron reagent (up to 5 equivalents), 0.1 to 1 eq of Palladium (0) tetraMs triphenyl phosphine heated for 5 to 15 h at 110 to 120°. If standard conditions fail new specialized catalysts and conditions can be employed. Some references (and the references therein) describing catalysts which are useful for coupling with aryl and heteroaryl chlorides are: Littke, A. P.; Dai, C.; Fu, G. C. /. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000,122(17), 4020-4028; Varma, R. S.; Naicker, K. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999,40(3), 439-442; Wallow, T. I.; Novak, B. M. J. Org. Chem. 1994,59(17), 5034-7; Buchwald, S.; Old, D. W.; Wolfe, J. P.; PalucM, M.; Kamikawa, K.; Chieffi, A.; Sadighi, J. P.; Singer, R. A.; Ahman, J PCT Int. Appl. WO 0002887 2000; Wolfe, J. P.; Buchwald, S. L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1999, 38(23), 3415; Wolfe, J. P.; Singer, R. A.; Yang, B. H.; Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999,121(41), 9550-9561; Wolfe, J. P.; Buchwald, S. L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1999,38(16), 2413-2416; Bracher, P.; Hildebrand, D.; LiebigsAnn. Chem. 1992,12,1315-1319; and Bracher, F.; Hildebrand, D.; Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1993,8, 837-839. Alternatively, the boronate or stannane may be formed on the azaindole via methods known in the art and the coupling performed in the reverse manner with aryl or heteroaryl based halogens or inflates. Known boronate or stannane agents could be either purchased from commercial resources or prepared following disclosed documents. Additional examples for the preparation of tin reagents or boronate reagents are contained in the experimental section. Novel stannane agents could be prepared from one of the following routes.' Boronate reagents are prepeared as described in reference 71. Reaction of lithium or Grignard reagents with trialkyl borates generates boronates. Alternatively, Palladium catalyzed couplings of alkoxy diboron or alkyl diboron reagents with aryl or heteroaryl halides can provide boron reagents for use in Suzuki type couplings. Some example conditions for coupling a halide with (MeO)BB(OMe)2 utilize PdC12 (dppf), KOAc, DMSO, at 80°C until reaction is complete when followed by TLC or HPLC analysis. Related examples are provided in the following experimental section. Methods for direct addition of aryl or heteroaryl organometallic reagents to alpha chloro nitrogen containing heterocyles or the N-oxides of nitrogen containing heterocycles are known and applicable to the azaindoles. Some examples are Shiotani et. Al. /. Heterocyclic Chem. 1997,34(3), 901-907; Fourmigue eLal. J.Org. Chem. 1991, 56(16), 4858-4864. Dkect displacements to install amine or N linked heteroaryl substituents can also be used to prepare compounds of Formula I. As shown in Schemes 15aa and 15bb, a mixture of halo-indole or halo-azaindole intermediate, 1-2 equivalents of copper powder, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2 equivalents for the 4-methoxy, 6-azaindole series; 1-2 equivalents of potassium carbonate, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2 equivalents for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series; and a 2-30 equivalents of the corresponding heterocyclic reagent, with 10 equivalents preferred; was heated at 135-160°C for 4 to 9 hours, with 5 hours at 160°C preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 7 hours at 135°C preferred for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through filter paper. The filtrate was diluted with methanol and purified either by preparative HPLC or silica gel. In many cases no chromatography is necessary, the product can be obtained by crystallization with methanol. Alternatively, the installation of amines or N linked heteroaryls may be carried out by heating 1 to 40 equivalents of the appropriate amine and an equivalent of the appropriate aza indole chloride, bromide or iodide with copper bronze (from 0.1 to lOequivalents (preferably about 2 equivalents) and from 1 to 10 equivalents of finely pulverized potassium hydroxide (preferably about 2 equivalents). Temperatures of 120° to 200° may be employed with 140-160° generally preferred. For volatile starling materials a sealed reactor may be employed. The reaction is most commonly used when the halogen being displaced is at the 7-position of a 6-aza (or 4-azaindole, not shown) but the method can work in the 5-azaseries or when the halogen is at a different position (4-7 position possible). As shown above the reaction can be employed on azaindoles unsubstituted at position 3 or intermediates which contain the dicarbonyl or the intact dicarbonyl piperazine urea or thioureas contained in compounds of formula L The preparation of a key aldehyde intermediate, 43, using a procedure adapted from the method of Gilmore et Al. Synlett 1992,79-80. Is shown in Scheme 16 above. The aldehyde substituent is shown only at the IU position for the sake of clarity, and should not be considered as a limitation of the methodology. The bromide or iodide intermediate is converted into an aldehyde intermediate, 43, by metal-halogen exchange and subsequent reaction with dimethylformamide in an appropriate aprotic solvent Typical bases used include, but are not limited to, alkyl lithium bases such as n-butyl h'thium, sec butyl lithium or tert butyl lithium or a metal such as lithium metal. A preferred aprotic solvent is THF. Typically the transmetallation is initiated at -78 °C. The reaction may be allowed to warm to allow the transmetalation to go to completion depending on the reactivity of the bromide intermediate. The reaction is then recooled to —78 °C and allowed to react with dimethylformamide. (allowing the reaction to warm may be required to enable complete reaction) to provide an aldehyde which is elaborated to compounds of Formula I. Other methods for introduction of an aldehyde group to form intermediates of formula 43 include transition metal catalyzed carbonylation reactions of suitable bromo, trifluoromethane sulfonyl, or staunyl azaindoles. Alternative the aldehydes can be introduced by reacting indolyl anions or indolyl Grignard reagents with formaldehyde and then oxidizing with MnOa or TPAP/NMO or other suitable oxidants to provide intermediate 43. The methodology described hi T. Fukuda eLal. Tetrahedron 1999,55,9151 and M. Iwao eL Al. Heterocycles 1992,34(5), 1031 provide methods for preparing indoles with substituents at the 7-position. The Fukuda references provide methods for functionalizing the C-7 position of indoles by either protecting the indole nitrogen with 2,2-diethyl propanoyl group and then deprotonating the 7-position with sec/Buli hi TMEDA to give an anion. This anion may be quenched with DMF, formaldehyde, or carbon dioxide to give the aldehyde, benzyl alcohol, or carboxylic acid respectively and the protecting group removed with aqueous t butoxide. Similar tranformations can be achieved by converting indoles to indoline, lithiation at C-7 and then reoxidation to the indole such as described in the Iwao reference above. The oxidation level of any of these products may be adjusted by methods well known in the art as the interconversion of alcohol, aldehyde, and acid groups has been well studied. It is also well understood that a cyano group can be readily converted to an aldehyde. A reducing agent such as DEBALH in hexane such as used in Weyerstahl, P.; Schlicht, V.; Liebigs Ann/Reel. 1997, 7,175-177 or alternatively catecholalane in THF such as used in Cha, J. S.; Chang, S. W.; Kwon, 0.0.; Kim, J. M.; Synlett. 1996,2,165-166 will readily achieve this conversion to provide intermediates such as 44 (Scheme 16). Methods for synthesizing the nitriles are shown later in this application. It is also well understood that a protected alcohol, aldehyde, or acid group could be present in the starting azaindole and carried through the synthetic steps to a compound of Formula I in a protected form until they can be converted into the desired substituent at RI through Rj. For example, a benzyl alcohol can be protected as a benzyl ether or silyl ether or other alcohol protecting group; an aldehyde may be carried as an acetal, and an acid may be protected as an ester or ortho ester until deprotection is desired and carried out by literature methods. (Figure Removed) Step G. Step 1 of Scheme 17 shows the reduction of a nitro group on 45 to the amino group of 46. Although shown on position 4 of the azaindole, the chemistry is applicable to other nitro isomers. The procedure described in Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A,; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996, 10, 1366-1371 uses hydrazine Raney- Nickel for the reduction of the nitro group to the amine. Robinson, R. P.; DonahueO, K. M.; Son, P. S.; Wagy, S. D.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1996, 33(2), 287-293 describes the use of hydrogenation and Raney Nickel for the reduction of the nitro group to the amine. Similar conditions are described by Nicolai, E.; Claude, S.; Teulon, J. M.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1994, 31(1), 73-75 for the same transformation. The following two references describe some trimethylsilyl sulfur or chloride based reagents which may be used for the reduction of a nitro group to an amine. Hwu, J.R.; Wong, F.F.; Shiao, M.J.; /. Org. Chem. 1992, 57(19), 5254-5255; Shiao, M.J.; Lai, L.L.; Ku, W.S.; Lin, P.Y.; Hwu, IR.; /. Org. Chem. 1993,58(17), 47424744. Step 2 of Scheme 17 describes general methods for conversion of ammo groups on azaindoles into other functionality. Scheme 18 also depicts transformations of an amino azaindole into various intermediates and compounds of (Figure Removed) The arnino group at any position of the azaindole, such as 46 (Scheme 17), may be converted to a hydroxy group using sodium nitrite, sulfuric acid, and water via the 'method of Klemm, L. H.; Zell, R.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1968, 5, 773. Bradsher, C. K; Brown, R C.; Porter, H. K; J. Am, Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 2357 describes how the hydroxy group may be alkylated under standard or Mitsonobu conditions to form ethers. The amino group may be converted directly into a methoxy group by diazotization (sodium nitrite and acid )and trapping with methanol. The amino group of an azaindole, such as 46, can be converted to fluoro via the method of Sanchez using HPFg, NaNCh, and water by the method described in Sanchez, J. P.; Gogliotti, R. D.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1993, 30(4), 855-859. Other methods useful for the conversion of the amino group to fluoro are described in Rocca, P.; Marsais, R; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1993, 34(18), 2937-2940 and Sanchez, J. P.; Rogowski, J.W.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1987, 24,215. The amino group of the azaindole, 46, can also be converted to a chloride via diazotization and chloride displacement as described in Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996,10, 1366-1371 or the methods in Raveglia, L.F.; Giardina, G.A..; Gragni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1997, 34(2), 557-559 or the methods in Matsumoto, J. L; Miyamoto, T.; Minamida, A.; Mishimura, Y.; Egawa, H.; Mishimura, H.; /. Med. Chem. 1984, 27(5;, 292; or as in Lee, T.C.; Salemnick, G.; /. Org. Chem. 1975,24,3608. The amino group of the azaindole, 46, can also be converted to a bromide via diazotization and displacement by bromide as described in Raveglia, L.F.; Giardina, G.A..; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 557- 559; Talik, T.; Talik, Z.; Ban-Oganowska, H.; Synthesis 1974, 293; and Abramovitch, R.A.; Sana, M.; Can. J. Chem. 1966,44,1765. (Figure Removed) The preparation of 4-amino 4-azaindole and 7-methyl-4-azaindole is described by Mahadevan, L; Rasmussen, M. /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992,29(2), 359- 67. The amino group of the 4-amino 4-azaindole can be converted to halogens, hydroxy, protected hydroxy, triflate, as described above in Schemes 17-18 for the 4- amino compounds or by other methods known in the art. Protection of the indole nitrogen of the 7-methyl-4-azaindole via acetylation or other strategy followed by oxidation of the 7-methyl group with potassium permanganate or chromic acid provides the 7-acid /4-N-oxide. Reduction of the N-oxide, as described below, provides an intermediate from which to install various substiruents at position R4. Alternatively the parent 4-azaindole which was prepared as described in Mahadevan, L; Rasmussen, M. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992,29(2), 359-67 could be derivatized at nitrogen to provide the l-(2,2-diethylbutanoyl)azaindole which could then be lithiated using TMEDA /sec BuLi as described in T. Fukuda et. Al. Tetrahedron 1999,55, 9151-9162; followed by conversion of the lithio species to the 7-carboxylic acid or 7- halogen as described. Hydrolysis of the N-amide using aqueous tert-butoxide in THF regenerates the free NH indole which can now be converted to compounds of Formula L The chemistry used to functionalize position 7 can also be applied to the 5 and 6 indole series. Scheme 19 shows the preparation of a 7-chloro-4-azaindole, 50, which can be converted to compounds of Formula I by the chemistry previously described, especially the palladium catalyzed tin and boron based coupling methodology described above. The chloro nitro indole, 49, is commercially available or can be prepared from 48 according to the method of Delarge, J.; Lapiere, C. L. Pharm. Acta Helv. 1975,50(6), 188-91. (Figure Removed) Scheme 20, below, shows another synthetic route to substituted 4-aza indoles. The 3-aminopyirole, 51, was reacted to provide the pyrrolopyridinone, 52, which was then reduced to give the hydroxy azaindole, 53. The pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines described were prepared according to the method of Britten, A.Z.; Griffiths, G.W.G. CJiem. Ind. (London) 1973,6,278. The hydroxy azaindole, 53, can then be converted to the triflate then further reacted to provide compounds of Formula L H,N (Figure Removed) Steps Formula 1 compounds The following references describe the synthesis of 7-halo or 7 carboxylic acid, or 7-amido derivatives of 5-azaindoline which can be used to construct compounds of Formula I. Bycbikhina, N. N.; Azimov, V. A.; Yakhontov, L.N. Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. 1983,1,58-62; Bychikhina, N. N.; Azimov, V. A.; Yakhontov, L. N. Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. 1982,3, 356-60; Azimov, V. A.; Bychikhina, N. N.; Yakhontov, L. N. Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. 1981, 12, 1648-53; Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.; Spey, S.E.; Adams, H. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64(26), 9430-9443; Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.; Adams, H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39(48), 8919-8922. The methods described in Spivey et al. (preceding two references) for the preparation of l-methyl-7-bromo-4- azaindoline can be used to prepare the l-benzyl-7-bromo-4-azaindoline, 54, shown below in Scheme 21. This-can be utilized in Stille or Suzuki couplings to provide 55, which is deprotected and dehydrogenated to provide 56. Other useful azaindole intermediates, such as the cyano derivatives, 57 and 58, and the aldehyde derivatives, 59 and 60, can then be further elaborated to compounds of Formula L (Figure Removed) Alternatively the 7-funcu'onalized 5-azaindole derivatives may be obtained by functionalization using the methodologies of T. Fukuda etal. Tetrahedron 1999,55, 9151 and M. Iwao et Al. Heterocycles 1992,34(5), 1031described above for the 4 or 6 azaindoles. The 4 or 6 positions of the 5 aza indoles can be funcn'onalized by using the azaindole N-oxide. The conversion of indoles to indolines is well known in the art and can be carried out as shown or by the methods described in Somei, M.; Saida, Y.; Funamoto, T.; Ohta, T. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1987,35(8), 3146-54; M. Iwao et. Al. Heterocycles 1992,34(5), 1031; andAkagi, M.; OzaM, K. Heterocycles 1987,26(1), 61-4. Scheme 22 The preparation of azaindole oxoacetyl or oxo piperidines with carboxylic acids can be carried out from nitrile, aldehyde, or anion precursors via hydrolysis, oxidation, or trapping with COz respectively. As shown in the Scheme 22, Step 1, or the scheme below step a!2 one method for forming the nitrile intermediate, 62, is by cyanide displacement of a halide in the aza-indole ring. The cyanide reagent used can be sodium cyanide, or more preferably copper or zinc cyanide. The reactions may be carried out hi numerous solvents which are well known in the art. For example DMF is used in the case of copper cyanide. Additional procedures useful for carrying out step 1 of Scheme 24 are Yamaguchi, S.; Yoshida, M.; Miyajima, L; Araki, T.; Hirai, Y.; /. Heterocycl Chem. 1995,32(5), 1517-1519 which describes methods for copper cyanide; Yutilov, Y.M.; Svertilova, LA.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1994,8,1071-1075 which utilizes potassium cyanide; and Prager, R.H.; Tsopelas, C.; Heisler, T.; Aust. J. Chem. 1991,44 (2), 277-285 which utilizes copper cyanide in the presence of MeOS(O)2F. The chloride or more preferably a bromide on the azaindole may be displaced by sodium cyanide in dioxane via the method described in Synlett. 1998,3, 243-244. Alternatively, Nickel dibromide, Zinc, and triphenyl phosphine in can be used to activate aromatic and heteroaryl chlorides to displacement via potassium cyanide in THF or other suitable solvent by the methods described in Eur. Pat. Appl., 831083,1998. The conversion of the cyano intermediate, 62, to the carboxylic acid intermediate, 63, is depicted in step 2, Scheme 22 or hi step a!2, Scheme 23. Many methods for the conversion of nitriles to acids are well known in the art and may be employed. Suitable conditions for step 2 of Scheme 22 or the conversion of intermediate 65 to intermediate 66 below employ potassium hydroxide, water, and an aqueous alcohol such as ethanol. Typically the reaction must be heated at refluxing temperatures for one to 100 h. Other procedures for hydrolysis include those described in: Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 493-499; Boogaard, A. T.; Pandit, U. K.; Koomen, G.-J.; Tetrahedron 1994,50(8), 2551-2560; Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocydes 1994, 38(2), 391-397; Macor, J.E.; Post, R.; Ryan, K; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992, 29(6), 1465-1467. The acid intermediate, 66 (Scheme 23), may then be esterified using conditions well known in the art. For example, reaction of the acid with diazomethane in an inert solvent such as ether, dioxane, or THF would give the methyl ester. Intermediate 67 may then be converted to intermediate 68 according to the procedure described in Scheme 2. Intermediate 68 may then be hydrolyzed to provide intermediate 69. (Figure Removed) As shown in Scheme 24, step a!3 another preparation of the indoleoxoacetylpiperazine 7-carboxylic acids, 69, is carried out by oxidation of the corresp'onding 7-carboxaldehyde, 70. Numerous oxidants are suitable for the conversion of aldehyde to acid and many of these are described in standard organic chemistry texts such as: Larock, Richard C., Comprehensive organic transformations : a guide to functional group preparations 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-VCH, 1999. One preferred method is the use of silver nitrate or silver oxide in a solvent such as aqueous or anhydrous methanol at a temperature of -25 °C or as high as reflux. The reaction is typically carried out for one to 48 h and is typically monitored by TLC or LC/MS until complete conversion of product to starting material has occurred. Alternatively, KmnO4 or CrO3/H2S04 could be utilized. (Figure Removed) Scheme 25 gives a specific example of the oxidation of an aldehyde intermediate, 70a, to provide the carboxylic acid intermediate, 69a, (Figure Removed) Alternatively, intermediate 69 can be prepared by the nitrile method of synthesis carried out in an alternative order as shown in Scheme 26. The nitrile hydrolyis step can be delayed and the nitrile carried through the synthesis to provide a nitrile which can be hydrolyzed to provide the free acid, 69, as above. (Figure Removed) Step H. The direct conversion of nitriles, such as 72, to amides, such as 73, shown in Scheme 27, Step H, can be carried out using the conditions as described in Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, TL; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1996, 33(4), 1051-1056 (describes the use of aqueous sulfuric acid); Memoli, TLA.', Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37(21), 3617-3618; Adolfsson, H.; Waemmark, K.; Moberg, C.; /. Org. Chem. 1994, 59(8), 2004-2009; and El Hadri, A.; Leclerc, G.; J. Heterocycl. Chem, 1993, 30(3), 631-635. Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K.; /. Heterocyd. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 493-499; Boogaard, A. T.; Pandit, U. K.; Koomen, G.-J.; Tetrahedron 1994,50(8), 2551-2560; Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocycles 1994,38(2), 391-397; Macor, J.E.; Post, R.; Ryan, K.; J. Heterocyd. Cliem. 1992,29(6), 1465-1467. StepJ. The following scheme (28A) shows an example for the preparation of 4- fluoro-7substituted azaindoles from a known starting materials. References for the Bartoli indole synthesis were mentioned earlier. The conditions for tranformation to the nitriles, acids, aldeheydes, heterocycles and amides have also been described in this application. (Figure Removed) Steps al6, a7, and a!8 encompasses reactions and conditions for 1°, 2° and 3° amide bond formation as shown in Schemes 28 and 29 which provide compounds such as those of Formula 73. The reaction conditions for the formation of amide bonds encompass any reagents that generate a reactive intermediate for activation of the carboxylic acid to amide formation, for example (but not limited to), acyl halide, from carbodiimide, acyl iminium salt, symmetrical anhydrides, mixed anhydrides (including phosphonic/phpsphinic mixed anhydrides), active esters (including silyl ester, methyl ester and thioester), acyl carbonate, acyl azide, acyl sulfonate and acyloxy Nphosphonium salt The reaction of the indole carboxylic acids with amines to form amides may be mediated by standard amide bond forming conditions described in the art. Some examples for amide bond formation are listed in references 41-53 but this list is not limiting. Some carboxylic acid to amine coupling reagents which are applicable are EDC, Diisopropylcarbodiimide or other carbodiimides, PyBop (benzotriazolyloxytris(dirnethylarnino) phosphonium hexafmorophosphate), 2-(lHbenzotriazole- l-yl)-l, 1,3,3-tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU). A particularly useful method for azaindole 7-carboxylic acid to amide reactions is the use of carbonyl imidazole as the coupling reagent as described in reference 53. The temperature of this reaction may be lower than in the cited reference, from 80 °C (or possibly lower) to 150 °C or higher. A more specific application is depicted in (Figure Removed) The following four general methods provide a more detailed description for the preparation of indolecarboamides and these methods were employed for the synthesis of compounds of Formula I. Method!: To a mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (1 equiv., 0.48 mmol), an appropriate amine (4 equiv.) and DMAP (58 mg, 0.47 mmol) dissolved CEfeCla (1 ml.) was added EDC (90 mg, 0.47 mmol). The resulting mixture was shaken at rt for 12h, and then evaporated in vacua. The residue was dissolved in MeOH, and subjected to preparative reverse phase HPLC purification. Method 2: To a mixture of an appropriate amine (4 equiv.) and HOBT (16 mg, 0.12 mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was added an acid intermediate, such as 69, (25 mg, 0.06 mmol) and NMM (50 jol, 0.45 mmol), followed by EDC (23 mg, 0.12 mmol). The reaction mixture was shaken at rt for 12 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacua; and the residue dissolved in MeOH and subjected to preparative reverse phase HPLC purification. Method 3: To a mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (0.047 mmol), amine (4 equiv.) and DEPBT (prepared according to Li, H.; Jiang, X. Ye, Y.; Fan, C.; Todd, R.; Goodman, M. Organic Letters 1999, /, 91; 21 mg, 0.071 mmol) in DMF (0.5 mL) was added TEA (0.03 mL, 0.22 mmol). The resulting mixture was shaken at rt for 12 h; and then diluted with MeOH (2 mL) and purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC. Method 4: A mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (0.047mmol) and 8.5 mg (0.052mmol) of 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole in anhydrous THF (2 mL) was heated to reflux under nitrogen. After 2.5h, 0.052 mmol of amine was added and heating continued. After an additional period of 3~20 h at reflux, the reaction mixture was cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel to provide a compound of Formula I. In addition, the carboxylic acid may be converted to an acid chloride using reagents such as thionyl chloride (neat or in an inert solvent) or oxalyl chloride in a solvent such as benzene, toluene, THF, or CHaCk. The amides may alternatively, be formed by reaction of Jhe acid chloride with an excess of ammonia, primary, or secondary amine in an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene, THF, or CHzCk or with stoichiometric amounts of amines in the presence of a tertiary amine such as triethylamine or a base such as pyridine or 2,6-lutidine. Alternatively, the acid chloride may be reacted with an amine under basic conditions (Usually sodium or potassium hydroxide) in solvent mixtures containing water and possibly a miscible co solvent such as dioxane or THF. Scheme 25B depicts a typical preparation of an acid chloride and derivatization to an amide of Formula I. Additionally, the carboxylic acid may be converted to an ester preferably a methyl or ethyl ester and then reacted with an amine. The ester may be formed by reaction with diazomethane or alternatively trimethylsilyl diazomethane using standard conditions which are well known in the art References and procedures for using these or otber ester forming reactions can be found in reference 52 or 54. Additional references for the formation of amides from acids are: Norman, M.H.; Navas, R El; Thompson, J.B.; Rigdon, G.C.; /. Med. Chem. 1996, 39(24), 4692-4703; Hong, R; Pang, Y.-P.; Cusack, B.; Richelson, E.; /. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 11997,14, 2083-2088; Langry, K.C.; Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1994, 26(4), 429- 438; Romero, DJL.; Morge, R.A.; Biles, C.; Berrios-Pena, N.; May, P.D.; Palmer, J.R.; Johnson, P.D.; Smith, H.W.; Busso, M.; Tan, C.-K.; Voonnan, R.L.; Reusser, R; Alrnaus, I.W.; Downey, K.M.; et al.; J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37(7), 999-1014; Bhattacharjee, A.; Mukhopadhyay, R.; Bhattacharjya, A.; Indian J. Chem., Sect B 1994,33(7), 679-682. (Figure Removed) Scheme 31 shows synthetic transformations on a chloro nitro azaindole. Step F-l of Scheme 31 can be carried may be carried out according to the following procedures: Yamagucbi, S.; Yoshida, M.; Miyajima, L; AraM, T.; Hirai, Y.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1995,32(5), 1517-1519; Yutilov, Y.M.; SvertUova, I. A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1994,8,1071-1075; and Prager, R.H.; Tsopelas, C.; Heisler, T.; Aust. J. Chem. 1991, 44(2), 277-285. Step P-2 of Scheme 31 may be accomplished according to the procedures set forth in: Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996, 10, 1366-1371; Robinson, R.P.; Donahue, KM.; Son, P.S.; Wagy, S.D.; J. HeterocycL Chem. 1996,33(2), 287- 293; Nicolai, E.; Ckude, S.; Teulon, J. M.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1994, 31(1), 73-75; Hwu, J.R.; Wong, F.F.; Shiao, M.J.; J. Org. Chem. 1992,57(19), 5254-5255; Shiao, M.-J.; Lai, L.-L.; Ku, W.-S.; Lin, P.-Y.; Hwu, J.R.; /. Org. Chem. 1993, 58(17), 4742-4744. The introduction of an alkoxy or aryloxy substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme 31, RI is alkoxy or aryloxy) may be accomplished by the f procedures described in Klemm, L.H.; Zell, R.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1968, 5, 773; Bradsher, C. K.; Brown, F. C.; Porter, H. K; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 2357; and Hodgson, H. H.; Foster, C. K.; J. Chem. Soc. 1942,581. The introduction of a fluorine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme 31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Sanchez, J. P.; Gogliotti, R. D.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1993, 30(4), 855-859; Rocca, P.; Marsais, F.; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1993,34(18), 2937-2940; and Sanchez, J.P.; Rogowski, J.W.; J. HeterocycL Chem. 1987,24,215. The introduction of a chlorine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme 31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996,10,1366-1371; Raveglia, L.F.; Giardinal, G.A.M.; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; /. HeterocycL Chem. 1997,34(2), 557- 559; Matsumoto, J.I.; Miyamoto, T.; Minamida, A.; Mishimura, Y.; Egawa, H.; Mishimura, H.; /. Med. Chem. 1984, 27(3), 292; Lee, T.-C.; Salemnick, G.; J. Org. Chem. 1975,24,3608. The introduction of a bromine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme 31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Raveglia, L.F.; Giardina, G.A.M.; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C. ; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 557-559; Talik, T.; Talik, Z.; Ban-Oganowska, H.; Synthesis 1974, 293; Abramovitch, R. A.; Saha^ M.; Can. J. Chem. 1966,44,1765. It is well known in the art that heterocycles may be prepared from an aldehyde, carboxylic acid, cafboxylic acid ester, carboxyh'c acid amide, carboxylic acid halide, or cyano moiety or attached to another carbon substituted by a bromide or other leaving group such as a triflate, mesylate, chloride, iodide, or phosponate. The methods for preparing such intermediates from intermediates typified by the carboxylic acid intermediate, 69, bromo intermediate, 76, or aldehyde intermediate, 70 described above are known by a typical chemist practitioner. The methods or types of heterocycles which may be constructed are described in the chemical literature. Some representative references for finding such heterocycles and their construction are included in reference 55 through 67 but should in no way be construed as limiting. However, examination of these references shows that many versatile methods are available for synthesizing diversely substituted heterocycles and it is apparent to one skilled in the art that these can be applied to prepare compounds of Formula I. Chemists well versed in the art can now easily, quickly, and routinely find numerous reactions for preparing heterocycles, amides, oximes or other substituents from the above mentioned starting materials by searching for reactions or preparations using a conventional electronic database such as Scifrnder (American Chemical Society), Crossfire (Beilstein), Theilheimer, or Reaccs (MDS). The reaction conditions identified by such a search can then be employed using the substrates described in this application to produce all of the compounds envisioned and covered by this invention. In the case of amides, commercially available amines can be used in the synthesis. Alternatively, the above mentioned search programs can be used to locate literature preparations of known amines or procedures to synthesize new amines. These procedures are then carried out by one with typical skill in the art to provide the compounds of Formula I for use as antiviral agents. As shown below in Scheme 32, step a!3, suitable substituted azaindoles, such as the bromoazaindole intermediate, 76, may undergo metal mediated couplings with aryl groups, heterocycles.ior vinyl stannanes to provide compounds of Formula I wherein RS is aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroalicyclic for example. The bromoazaindole intermediates, 76 (or azaindole triflates or iodides) may undergo Stille-type coupling with heteroarylstannanes as shown in Scheme 32, step a!3. Conditions for this reaction are well known in the art and references 68-70 as well as reference 52 provide numerous conditions in addition to the specific examples provided in Scheme 14 and in the specific embodiments. It can be well recognized that an indole stannane could also couple to a heterocyclic or aryl halide or triflate to construct compounds of Formula L Suzuki coupling, (reference 71) between the bromo intermediate, 76, and a suitable boronate could also be employed and some specific examples are contained in this application. (Figure Removed) described in the claims or be converted into an acyclic group. The aldehyde, 70, may be reacted with a Tosrnic based reagent to generate oxazoles (references 42 and 43 for example). The aldehyde, 70, may be reacted with a Tosrnic reagent and than an amine to give imidazoles as in reference 72 or the aldehyde intermediate, 70, may be reacted with hydroxylamtne to give an oxime which is a compound of Formula I as described below. Oxidation of the oxime with NBS, t-butyl hypochlorite, or the other known reagents would provide the N-oxide which react with alkynes or 3 alkoxy vinyl esters to give isoxazoles of varying substitution. Reaction of the aldehyde intermediate 70, with the known reagent, 77 (reference 70) shown below under basic conditions would provide 4-aminotrityl oxazoles. N=C=N-CPh3 Removal of the trityl group would provide 4-amino oxazoles which could be substitutued by acylation, reductive alkylation or alkylation reactions or heterocycle forming reactions. The trityl could be replaced with an alternate protecting group such as a monomethoxy trityl, CBZ, benzyl, or appropriate silyl group if desired. Reference 73 demonstrates the preparation of oxazoles containing a triflouoromethyl moiety and the conditions described therein demonstrates the synthesis of oxazoles with fluorinated methyl groups appended to them. The aldehyde could also be reacted with a metal or Grignard (alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl) to generate secondary alcohols. These would be efficacious or could be oxidized to the ketone with TPAP or MnC>2 or PCC for example to provide ketones of Formula I which could be utilized for treatment or reacted with metal reagents to give tertiary alcohols or alternatively converted to oximes by reaction with hydroxylamine hydrochlorides in ethanolic solvents. Alternatively the aldehyde could be converted to benzyl amines via reductive animation. An example of oxazole formation via a Tosmic reagent is shown below in Scheme 35. The same reaction would work with aldehydes at other positions and also in the 5 and 6 aza indole series. Scheme 36 shows in step a!5, a cyano intermediate, such as 62, which could be directly converted to compounds of Formula I via heterocycle formation or reaction with organometallic reagents. (Figure Removed) Scheme 37 shows a method for acylation of a cyanoindole intermediate of formula 65 with oxalyl chloride which would give acid chloride, 79, which could then be coupled with the appropriate amine in the presence of base to provide 80. The nitrile intermediate, 80, could be converted to the tetrazole of formula 81, which could then be alkylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane to give the compound of formula 82 (Scheme 38). Tetrazole alkylation with alkyl halides would be carried out prior to azaindole acylation as shown in Scheme 39. Intermediate 65 could be converted to tetrazole, 83, which could be alkylated to provide 84. Intermediate 84 could then be acylated and hydrolyzed to provide 85 which could be subjected to amide formation conditions to provide 86. The group appended to the tetrazole may be quite diverse and still exhibit impressive potency. Scheme 40 shows that an oxadiazole such as, 88, may be prepared by the addition of hydroxylamine to the nitrile, 80, followed by ring closure of intennediate 87 with phosgene. Alkylation of oxadiazole, 88, with trimethylsilyldiazomethane would give the compound of formula 89. A 7-cyanoindole, such as 80, could be efficiently converted to the imidate ester under conventional Pinner conditions using 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. The imidate ester can be reacted with nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur nucleopMles to provide C7-substituted indoles, for example: imidazolines, benzimidazoles, azabenzimidazoles, oxazolines, oxadiazoles, thiazolines, triazoles, pyrimidines and amidines etc. For example the imidate may be reacted with acetyl hydrazide with heating in a nonparticipating solvent such as dioxane, THF, or benzene for example, (aqueous base or aqueous base in an alcoholic solvent may need to be added to effect final dehydrative cyclization in some cases) to form a methyl triazine. Other hydrazines can be used, Triazines can also be installed via coupling of stannyl triazines with 4,5,6,or 7-bromo or chloro azaindoles. The examples give an example of the formation of many of these heterocycles. References: (1) Das, B. P.; Boykin, D. W. /. Med. Chem. 1977,20,531. (2) Czarny, A.; Wilson, W. D.; Boykin, D. W. J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1996, 33, 1393. (3) Francesconi, I; Wilson, W. D.; Tanious, F. A.; Hall, J. E.; Bender, B. C.; Tidwell, R. R.; McCurdy, D.; Boykin, D. W. J. Med. Chem. 1999,42,2260. Scheme 41 shows addition of either hydroxylamine or hydroxylamine acetic acid to aldehyde intermediate 90 may give oximes of Formula 91. (Figure Removed) An acid may be a precursor for substituents RI through Rs when it occupies the corresponding position such as RS as shown in Scheme 42. (Figure Removed) An acid intermediate, such as 69, may be used as a versatile precursor to generate numerous substituted compounds. The acid could be converted to hydrazonyl bromide and then a pyrazole via reference 74. One method for general heterocycle synthesis would be to convert the acid to an alpha bromo ketone (ref 75) by conversion to the acid chloride using standard methods, reaction with diazomethane, and finally reaction with HBr. The alpha bromo ketone could be used to prepare many different compounds of Formula I as it can be converted to many heterocycles or other compounds of Formuk L Alpha amino ketones can be prepared by displacement of the bromide with amines. Alternatively, the alpha bromo ketone could be used to prepare heterocycles not available directly from the aldeheyde or acid. For example, using the conditions of Hulton in reference 76 to react with the alpha bromo ketone would provide oxazoles. Reaction of the alpha bromoketone with urea via the methods of reference 77 would provide 2-amino oxazoles. The alpha bromoketone could also be used to generate furans using beta keto esters(ref 78-80) or other methods, pyrroles (from beta dicarbonyls as in ref 81 or by Hantsch methods (ref 82) thiazoles , isoxazoles and imidazoles (ref 83) example using literature procedures. Coupling of the aforementioned acid chloride with N-methyl- O-metfayl hydroxyl amine would provide a "Weinreb Amide" which could be used to react with alkyl lithiums or Grignard reagents to generate ketones. Reaction of the Weinreb anion with a dianion of a hydroxyl amine would generate isoxazoles (ref 84). Reaction with an acetylenic lithium or other carbanion would generate alkynyl indole ketones. Reaction of this alkynyl intermediate with diazomethane or other diazo compounds would give pyrazoles (ref 85). Reaction with azide or hydroxyl amine would give heterocycles after elimination of water. Nitrile oxides would react with the alkynyl ketone to give isoxazoles (ref 86). Reaction of the initial acid to provide an acid chloride using for example oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride or triphenyl phosphine/ carbon tetrachloride provides a useful intermediate as noted above. Reaction of the acid chloride with an alpha ester substituted isocyanide and base would give 2-substituted oxazoles (ref 87): These could be converted to amines, alcohols, or halides using standard reductions or Hoffman/Curtius type rearrangements. /Scheme 43 describes alternate chemistry for installing the oxoacetyl piperazine moiety onto the 3 position of the azaindoles. StepA'" in Scheme 43 depicts reaction with formaldehyde and dimethylamine using the conditions in Frydman, B.; Despuy, M.E.; Rapoport, H.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 3530 will provide the dimethylamino compound shown. Step B'" shows displacement with potassium cyanide would provide the cyano derivative according to the method described in MiyasMta, K.; Kondoh, K.; Tsuchiya, K.; Miyabe, H.; Imanisbi, T.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1997, 45(5), 932-935 or in Kawase, M.; Sinhababu, A.K.; Borchardt, R.T.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1990, 38(1]), 2939-2946. The same transformation could also be carried out using TMSCN and a telrabutylammonium flouride source as in Iwao, M.; Motoi, O.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1995,36(33), 5929-5932. Sodium cyanide could also be utilized. Step C"' of Scheme 43 depicts hydrolysis of the nitrile with sodium hydroxide and methanol would provide the acid via the methods described in Iwao, M.; Motoi, O.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1995,36(33), 5929-5932 for example. Other basic hydrolysis conditions using either NaOH or KOH as described in Thesing, J.; et al.; Chem. Ber. 1955, 88, 1295 and Geissman, T.A.; Armen, A.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 3916. The use of a nitrilase enzyme to achieve the same transformation is described by Klempier N, de Raadt A, Griengl H, Heinisch G, /. Heterocycl. Chem., 1992 29,93, and may be applicable. Step D'" of Scheme 43 depicts an alpha hydroxylation which may be accomplished by methods as described in Hanessian, S.; Wang, W.; Gai, Y.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1996,37(42), 7477-7480; Robinson, R. A.; dark, J. S.; Holmes, A. B.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115(22), 10400-10401 (KNOMS^ and then camphorsulfonyloxaziridine or another oxaziridine; andDavis, F.A.; Reddy, R.T.; Reddy, R.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1992,57(24), 6387-6389. Step E'" of Scheme 43 shows methods for the oxidation of the alpha hydroxy ester to the ketone which may be accomplished according to the methods described in Mohand, S.A.; Levina, A.; Muzart, J.; Synth. Comm. 1995,25 (14), 2051-2059. A preferred method for step E"' is that of Ma, Z.; Bobbitt, J.M.; J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56(21), 6110-6114 which utilizes 4-(NH-Ac)-TEMPO in a solvent such as CH2C12 in the presence of para toluenesulfonic acid. The method described in Corson, B.B.; Dodge, R.A.; Harris, S.A.; Hazen, R.K.; Org. Synth. 1941,1, 241 for the oxidation of the alpha hydroxy ester to the ketone uses KmnO4 as oxidant. Other methods for the oxidation of the alpha hydroxy ester to the ketone include those described in Hunaeus,; Zincke,; Ber. Dtsch Chem. Ges. 1877, 20,1489; Acree,; Am. Chem. 1913, 50,391; and daisen,; Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1877,10, 846. Step F"r of Scheme 43 depicts the coupling reactions which may be carried out as described previously in the application and by a preferred method which is described in Li, H.; Jiang, X.; Ye, Y.-H.; Fan, C; Romoff, T.; Goodman, M. Organic Lett., 1999, /, 91-93 and employs 3-(Diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzorriazm- 4(3fl)-one (DEPBT); a new coupling reagent with remarkable resistance to racemization. (Figure Removed) Scheme 44 depicts the preparation of Formula I compounds by coupling HWC(O)A to the acid as described in Step F" of Scheme 43, followed by hydroxylation as in Step D'" of Scheme 43 and oxidation as described in Step E"' of Scheme 43. 131 Scheme 45 Scheme 45 depicts a method for the preparation which could be used to obtain amido compounds of Formula I. Step G' represents ester hydrolysis followed by amide formation (StepH' as described in Step F" of Scheme 43). Step I' of Scheme 45 depicts the preparation of the N-oxide which could be accomplished according to the procedures in Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C.; Sakorai, K.; Tokumoto, K; Takahashi, H.; Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Tetrahedron 1997, 53(5), 1593-1606; Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C.; Murakami, Y.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1991, 39(8), 2170-2172; and Ohmato, T.; Koike, K.; Sakamoto, Y.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1981,29,390. Cyanation of the N-oxide is shown in Step J' of Scheme 45 which may be accomplished according to Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C; Sakurai, K.; Tokumoto, K.; Takahashi, H.; Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Tetrahedron 1997,53(5), 1593-1606 and Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C.; Murakami, Y.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1991, 39(8), 2170-2172. Hydrolysis of the nitrile to the acid is depicted in Step K' of Scheme 45 according to procedures such as Shiotani, S.; Tanigucchi, K.; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1996, 33(4), 1051-1056; Memoli, K.A.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37(21), 3617-3618; Adolfsson, EL; Waernmark, K.; Moberg, C.; /. Org. Chem. 1994, 59(8), 2004-2009; and El Hadri, A.; Leclerc, G.; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1993, 30(3), 631-635. Step L' of Scheme 45 depicts a method which could be utilized for the preparation of amido compounds of Formula I from the cyano derivative which may be accomplished according to procedures described in Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K-; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1997,34(2), 493-499; Boogaard, A.T.; Pandit, U.K; Koomen, G.- J.; Tetrahedron 1994, 50(8), 2551-2560; Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocydes 1994, 38(2), 391-397; and Macor, J.E.; Post, R.; Ryan, K.; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1992, 29(6), 1465-1467. Step M' of Scheme 45 shows a method which could be used for the preparation of amido compounds of Formula I from the acid derivative which may be accomplished according to procedures described in Norman, M.H.; Navas, F. ffl; Thompson, J.B.; Rigdon, G.C.; J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39(24), 4692-4703; Hong, F.; Pang, Y.-P.; Cusack, B.; Richelson, E.; /. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 1 1997, 14, 2083-2088; Langry, K. C.; Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1994, 26(4), 429-438; Romero, D.L.; Morge, R.A.; Biles, C.; Berrios-Pena, N.; May, P.D.; Palmer, J.R.; Johnson, P.D.; Smith, H.W.; Busso, M.; Tan, C.-K; Voorman, R.L.; Reusser, F.; Althaus, I.W.; Downey, K.M.; et al.; J. Med. Chem. 1994,37(7), 999-1014 and Bhattacharjee, A.; Mukhopadhyay, R.; Bhattacharjya, A.; Indian J. Chem., Sect B 1994, 33(7), 679- 682. (Figure Removed) Scheme 46 shows a method which could be used for the synthesis of an azaindole acetic acid derivative. Protection of the amine group could be effected by treatment with di-tert-butyldicarbonate to introduce the t-Butoxycarbonyl (BOC) group. Introduction of the oxalate moiety may then be accomplished as shown in Step A of Scheme 46 according to the procedures described in Hewawasam, P.; Meanwell, N. A.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1994,35(40), 7303-7306 (using t-Buli, or s-buli, TOP); or Stanetty, P.; Koller, H.; Mihovilovic, M.; J. Org. Chem. 1992,57(25), 6833-6837 (using t-Buli). The intermediate thus formed could then be cyclized to form the azaindole as shown in Step B of Scheme 46 according to the procedures described in Fuerstner, A.; Ernst, A.; Krause, H.; Ptock, A.; Tetrahedron 1996, 52(21), 7329-7344 (using. TiCD, Zn, DME); or Fuerstner, A.; Hupperts, A.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995,117(16), 4468-4475 (using Zn, excess Tms-Cl, TiCD (cat.), MeCN). (Figure Removed) Scheme 47 describes an alternate synthesis which could be used to prepare azaindole acetic acid derivatives. Step C of Scheme 47 could be accomplished by using the procedures described in Harden, FA.; Quinn, R.J.; Scammells, P.J.; J. Med. Chem. 1991,34(9), 2892-2898 [use of 1. NaNOa, cone. HCI 2. SnCl2, cone. HCI (cat)]. Typically, 10 equivalents of NaNOa and 1.0 equivalents of substrate reacted at 0 °C for 0.25 to Ih and to this reaction mixture was added 3.5 equivalents of SnCl2- Alternatively, the procedure described in DeRoos, K.B.; Salemink, C.A.; Red. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bos 1971,90,1181 (use of NaNO2, AcOH, H2O) could be used. The intermediate thus formed could be further reacted and cyclized to provide azaindole acetic acid derivatives as shown in Step D of Scheme 47 and according to the procedures described inAtkinson, C. M.; Mattocks, A. R.; /. Chem. Soc. 1957, 3722; Ain Khan, M.; Ferreira Da Rocha, J.; Heterocycles 1978,9,1617; Fusco, R.; Sannicolo, F.; Tetraliedron 1980,36,161[use of HCI (cone)]; Abramovitch, R. A.; Spenser, L D.; Adv. Heterocycl Chem. 1964,3, 79 (use of ZnCl2, p-Cymene); and Clemo, G. R.; Holt, R. J. W.; J. Chem. Soc. 1953,1313; (use of ZnCl2, EtOH, Sealed tube). (Figure Removed) Scheme 48 depicts another possible route to azaindole acetic acid derivatives. Step E of Scheme 48 could be carried out as shown or according to procedures such as those described in Yurovskaya, M.A.; Kharnlova, LG.; Nesterov, V.N.; Shishkin, O.V.; Struchkov, T.; Khun Geterotsikl Soedin 1995,11,1543-1550; Grzegozek, M.; Wozniak, M.; Baranski, A.; Van Der Has, H.C.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1991,28(4), 1075-1077 (use of NaOH, DMSO); Lawrence, N.J.; Liddle, J.; Jackson, D.A.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1995,36(46), 8477-8480 (use of. NaH, DMSO); Haglund, O.; Nilsson, M.; Synthesis 1994, 3,242-244; (use of 2.5 equiv. CuCl, 3.5 equiv. TBu- OK, DME, Py); Makosza, M.; Sienkiewicz, K.; Wojciechowski, K.; Synthesis 1990, 9, 850-852; (use of KO-tBu, DMF); Makosza, M.; Nizamov, S.; Org. Prep. Proceed. Int. 1997,29(6), 707-710; (use of tBu-OK, THF). Step F of Scheme 48 shows the cyclization reaction which could provide the azaindole acetic acid derivatives. This reaction could be accomplished according to procedures such as those described in Frydman, B.; Baldain, G.; Repetto, J. C.; /. Org. Chem. 1973,38,1824 (use of H2) Pd-C, EtOH); Bistryakova, L D.; Smirnova, N. M.; Safonova, T. S.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1993,6,800-803 (use of H2, Pd-C (cat), MeOH); Taga, M.; Ohtsuka, H.; Inoue, I.; Kawaguchi, T.; Nomura, S.; Yamada, K.; Date, T.; BSramatsu, H.; Sato, Y.; Heterocycles 1996,42(1), 251-263 (use of SnCl2, HQ, Et2O); Arcari, M.; Aveta, R.; Brandt, A.; Cecchetelli, L.; Corsi, G.B.; Dirella, M.; Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1991,121(11), 499-504 [use of Na2S2O6) THF/BtOH/H2O (2:2:1)]; Moody, C. J.; Rahimtoola, K. R; J. Chem. Soc., PerJdn Trans 11990, 673 (use of TiCls, NKtOac, acetone, HjO). Scheme 49 provides another route to azaindole intermediates which could then be further elaborated to provide compounds of Formula I, such as the amido derivatives shown. Steps G".and H" of Scheme 49 may be carried out according to the procedures described in Takahashi, K.; Shibasaki, K.; Ogura, K.; fida, H.; Chem. Lett. 1983, 859; and Itoh, N.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1962,10, 55. Elaboration of the intermediate to the amido compound of Formula I could be accomplished as previously described for Steps I'- M' of Scheme 45. Scheme 50 shows the preparation of azaindole oxalic acid derivatives. The starting materials in Scheme 50 may be prepared according to Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36, 2389-2392. Steps A', B', C, and D' of Scheme 50 may be carried out according to procedures described in Jones, R.A.; Pastor, J.; Siro, J.; Voro, T.N.; Tetrahedron 1997, 53(2), 479-486; and Singh, S.K.; Dekhane, M.; Le Hyaric, M.; Potier, P.; Dodd, RJL; Heterocycles 1997, 44(1), 379-391. Step E' of Scheme 50 could be carried out according to the procedures described in Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C.; Sakurai, K.; Tokumoto, K.; Takahashi, H.; Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Tetrahedron 1997, 53(5), 1593-1606; Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C; Murakami, Y.; Cliem. Pharm. Bull 1991,39(8), 2170-2172; Hagen, T.J.; Narayanan, K.; Names, J.; Cook, J.M.; J. Org. Chem. 1989,54, 2170; Murakami, Y.; Yokoyama, Y.; Watanabe, T.; Aoki, C; et al.; Heterocydes 1987, 26, 875; and Hagen, T. I; Cook, J.M.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29(20), 2421. Step F' of Scheme 50 shows the conversion of the phenol to a fluoro, chloro or bromo derivative. Conversion of the phenol to the fluoro derivative could be carried out according to procedures described in Christe, KO.; Pavlath, A.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 3170; Murakami, Y.; Aoyama, Y.; Nakanishi, S.; Chem. Lett. 1976, 857; Christe, K. O.; Pavlaih, A. R; /. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 4104; and Christe, K.O.; Pavlath, A.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 559. Conversion of the phenol to the chloro derivative could be carried out according to procedures described in Wright, S.W.; Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1997, 29(1), 128-131; Hartmann, H,; Schulze, M.; Guenther, R.; DyesPigm 1991,16(2), 119-136; Bay, E.; Bak, D. A.; Timony, P. E.; Leone-Bay, A.; J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 3415; Hoffmann, H.; et al.; Chem. Ber. 1962, 95, 523; and Vanallan, J.A.; Reynolds, G.A.; /. Org. Chem. 1963,28,1022. Conversion of the phenol to the bromo derivative may be carried out according to procedures described in Katritzky, A.R.; Li, J.; Stevens, C.V.; Ager, D.J.; Org. Prep. Proc. M. 1994, 26(4), 439-444; Judice, J.K.; Keipert, SJ.; Cram, D.J.; J. Chem. Soc., Cfiern. Commun. 1993, 17, 1323-1325; Schaeffer, J.P.; Higgins, J.; /. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 1607; Wiley, G.A.; Hershkowitz, R.L.; Rein, R.M.; Chung, B.C.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 964; and Tayaka, H.; Akutagawa, S.; Noyori, R.; Org. Syn. 1988, 67,20. Scheme 51 describes methods for the preparation of azaindole acetic acid derivatives by the same methods employed for the preparation of azaindole oxalic acid derivatives as shown and described in Scheme 50 above. The starling material employed in Scheme 51 could be prepared according to J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 7788-7801. Steps A",B", C",D",andE" of Scheme 51 could be carried out in the same fashion as previously described for Steps Steps A', B', C', D', and E' of Scheme 50. (Figure Removed) The remaining schemes provide additional background, examples, and conditions for carrying out this invention. Specific methods for preparing W and modifying A are presented. As shown in Scheme 52, the azaindoles may be treated with oxalyl chloride in either THF or ether to afford the desired glyoxyl chlorides according to literature procedures (Lingens, R; Lange, J. Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1970, 735,46-53). The intermediate glyoxyl chlorides may be coupled with benzoyl piperazines (Desai, M.; Watthey, J.W. Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1976, 8, 85-86) under basic conditions to afford compounds of Formula I directly. (Figure Removed) Alternatively, Scheme 52 treatment of the azaindole-3-glyoxyl chloride, (Scheme 52) with terf-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate affords the piperazine coupled product It is apparent to one skilled in the art that use of an alternative Boc protected piperazine which are synthesized as shown below would provide compounds of formula I with alternative groups of formula W. As discussed earlier, other amine protecting groups which do not require acidic deprotection conditions could be utilized if desired. Deprotection of the Boc group is effected with 20% TFA/CH2C12 to yield the free piperazine. This product is then coupled with carboxylic acid in the presence of polymer supported l-(3-Dimemylarnuiopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiiinide (PEDC) to afford products of Formula L This sequence provides a general method for synthesizing compounds of varied A in formula I. An example for preparing compounds of Formula I which possess substituents in A (or other parts of the molecule) which might interfere with the standard reaction schemes reactions is shown in Scheme 53. The piperazine derivative (Scheme 53) was treated with Boc-protected aminobenzoic acid in the presence of EDC to afford the piperazine diamide. A portion of the resulting product was separated and subjected to TFA in order to remove the Boc group, thus yielding amino derivatives. Similarly, substituents which possess a reactive alcohol can be incorporated as below. The piperazine derivative (Scheme 54) was treated with acetoxybenzoic acid in the presence of EDC to afford the piperazine diamide derivative. A portion of the resulting product was separated and subjected to LiOH hydrolysis in order to remove the acetate group, thus yielding hydroxy derivatives. Examples containing substituted piperazines are prepared using the general procedures outlined in Schemes 55-38. Substituted piperazines are either commercially available from Aldrich, Co. or prepared according to literature procedures (Behun et al, Ref. 88(a), Scheme 31, eq. 01). Hydrogenation of alkyl substituted pyrazines under 40 to 50 psi pressure in EtOH afforded substituted piperazines. When the substituent was an ester or amide, the pyrazine systems could be partially reduced to the tetrahydropyrazine (Rossen et al, Ref. 88(b), Scheme 55, eq. 02). The carbonyl substituted piperazines could be obtained under the same conditions described above by using commercially available dibenzyl piperazines (Scheme 55, eq. 03). (Figure Removed) 2-Trifluoromethylpiperazine (Jenneskens et al., Ref. 88c) was prepared through a four step route (Scheme 56). Using Lewis acid TiCU, N,N'- dibenzylethylenediamine reacted with trifluoropyruvates to afford the hemiacetal, which was reduced at room temperature by EtaSiH in TFA to afford the lactam. LiAlHt treatment then reduced the lactam to l,4-dibenzyl-2- trifluoromethylpiperazine. Finally, hydrogenation of the dibenzyl-2- trifluoromethylpiperazine in HOAc gave the desired product, 2- trifluoromethylpiperazine. Mono-benzoylation of symmetric substituted piperazines could be achieved by using one of the following procedures (Scheme 57). (a) Treatment of a solution of piperazine in acetic acid with acetyl chloride afforded the desired mon-benzoylated piperazine (Desai et al. Ref. 27, Scheme 57, eq. 04). (b) Symmetric piperazines were treated with 2 equivalents of ra-butyllithium, followed by the addition of benzoyl chloride at room temperature (Wang et al, Ref. 89, Scheme 57, eq. 05). Mono-benzoylation of unsymmetric substituted piperazines could be achieved by using one of the following procedures (Scheme 57), in which all the methods were exemplified by mono-alky! substituted piperazines. (a) Unsymmetric piperazines were treated with 2 equivalents of n-butyllithium, followed by the addition of benzoyl chloride at room temperature to afford a mixture of two regioisomers, which could be separated by chromatography (Wang et al, Ref. 89 and 90(b), Scheme 58 eq. 06); (b) Benzoic acid was converted to its pentafluorophenyl ester, and then further reaction with 2-aliylpiperazine to provide the monobenzoylpiperazines with the benzoyl group at the less hindered nitrogen (Adamczyk et al, Ref. 90(a), Scheme 58, eq. 07); (c) A mixture of piperazine and methyl benzoate was treated with dialiylaluminum chloride in methylene chloride for 2-4 days to yield the mono-benzoylpiperazine with the benzoyl group at the less hindered nitrogen (Scheme 58 eq. 08); (d) Unsymmetric piperazines were treated with 2 equivalents of n-butyllithium, followed by subsequent addition of triethylsilyl chloride and benzoyl chloride in THF at room temperature to afford mono-benzoylpiperazines with the benzoyl group at the more hindered nitrogen (Wang et al, Ref. 90(b), Scheme 58, eq. 09). When the substituent at position 2 was a ester or amide, the mono-benzoylation with benzoyl chloride occurred at the less hindered nitrogen of the piperazine with triethylamine as base in THF (Scheme 58, eq. 10). (Figure Removed) In the case of tetrahydropyrazines (Scheme 59, eq. 11), mono-benzoylation occurred at the more hindered nitrogen under the same conditions as those in equation 10 of Scheme 58, in the well precedented manner. (Rossen et al, Ref. 88(b)). (Figure Removed) Furthermore, the ester group can be selectively reduced by NaBHLt in the presence of the benzamide (Masuzawa et al, Ref. 91), which is shown in Scheme 60. (Figure Removed) The ester groups on either the piperazine linkers or on the azaindole nucleus could be hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid under basic conditions such as (Scheme 61, eq. 13) or NaOMe (Scheme 61, eq. 14) as bases in MeOH and water. (Figure Removed) Reaction of an azaindole glyoxyl chloride with substituted benzoyl piperazines or tetrahydropyrazines in CHjCla using I-Pr2Net as base afforded the coupled products as shown in Scheme 62. In the case of coupling reactions using 3-hydroxylmethyl-benzoylpiperazine, the hydroxyl group was temporarily protected as its TMS ether with BSTFA (N,Obistrimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide) (Furber et al, Ref. 92). The unprotected nitrogen atom can then be reacted with glyoxyl chlorides to form the desired diamides. During workup, the TMS masking group was removed to give free hydroxylmethylpiperazine diamides as shown in Scheme 63. Piperazine intermediates were prepared using standard chemistry as shown in Scheme 64. Scheme 65 depicts some more specific methodology for preparing 5-azindoles for use in prpeartion of the claimed compounds. Some reductive cyclizations conditions include Fe in acetic acid, Tin n chloride in aq HC1, or Zinc powder in acetic acid. Hydrogenation condititons or other conditions used in LeimGruber-Batch indole synthesis sequences can alo be employed. Commercial (Figure Removed) Tautomers of nitrogen containing heterocycles are covered by this patent application. For example, a hydroxy pyrazine is also known to represent its corresponding tautomer as well as shown in Scheme 66. also represents the other tautomer Scheme 67-74 provides some nonlimiting methodology for the preparation of substituted pyrazines which can be incorporated into substitaents of compounds of claim 1, particularly as part of R4. It should be noted that the nomenclature in these schemes does not coincide with that of the claims but rather shows examples of methods which can be used to prepare pieces which make up the compounds of the claims. Thus Rj and Rz in these schemes does not refer to the Rl and R2 in the claims but for example refers to chemically compatible groups which might be envisioned by chemists skilled in the art and which can be utilized to prepare compounds of the claims. (Figure Removed) Throughout the chemistry discussion, chemical transformations which are well known in the art have been discussed. The average practioner in the art knows these transformations well and a comprehensive list of useful conditions for nearly all the transformations is available to organic chemists and this list is contained in reference 52 authored by Larock and is incorporated in its entirety for the synthesis of compounds of Formula L Schemes 75-78 provide more specific examples of the general synthesis described in Scheme 1. The examples describe the synthesis of compounds of the invention in which the piperazine of group W contains a substituent on the ring at a position next to the nitrogen which comprises part of the amide attached to group A. While other substitution patterns are important aspects of the invention, we have found that compounds with a single group adjacent to the amide attached to group A may have metabolic stability advantages in humans and yet retain exceptional antiviral properties. The specific substituted piperazines described in Schemes 75-78 may be prepared as described in reference 90(b) or as described for intermediates 17ad in the experimental section. In schemes 75 and 76 the most preferred groups for Rg and RH are C1-C6 alkyl groups. As shown in schemes 77 and 78 the most preferred groups are methyl. As shown in schemes 75-78, the compounds may be single . isomers or enantiomers or may be used as a racemic mixture or mixture of isomers. Preferred groups A as shown in the schems 75-78 are the same as those described for the invention. Most preferred groups A are 2-pyridyl or phenyl. hi Schemes 75 and 77, the most preferred groups for Ra are methoxy, halogen, or hydrogen. In schemes 75-76 the most preferred group for Rl and R3 is hydrogen, hi scheme 76 the most preferred group for R2 is hydrogen. In schemes 75-78, the most preferred groups for R4 are phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, -C(O)NH2, - C(O)NHMe, or C(O)heteroaryl. Most preferred substituents on the substituted aryl or heteroaryl are methyl, amino, halogen, C(O)NHMe, COOH, COOMe, COOEt, or benzyl but this list should not be construed to be rate limiting as the R4 position is extremely tolerant of broad substitution. Particular groups at R4 of definite impotance are triazole, oxadiazole, oxazole, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrirnidine, tetrazole, and phenyl but should not be construed as limiting159 (Figure Removed) Schemes 79 provides examples and typical conditions for forming intermediates 2 which contain an oxadiazole or substituted oxadiazole. These intermediates can be converted to compounds of Claim 1 via the standard methodology described in Scheme 1 and the rest of the application. An alternate sequence is shown in Scheme 79a which utilizes cyano substituted intermediates 5 to generate the oxadiazoles of claim 1. Specific examples are given in the experimental section. Other oxadiazole isomers may be prepared via standard literature methodology. (Figure Removed) Scheme 80 is a preferred method for making compounds of Formula I and la where R2 is fluoro. This is exemplified specifically in the preparation of compound Example 216. The synthesis of 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5-fluoropyridine 5-80 as shown was carried out generally via the methods of A. Marfat and R.P. Robinson U.S. Patent 5,811,432 (column 25, example 5) and Nesnow and Heidleberger (/. Heterocyclic Chem. 1973, 10, pg 779) except that a number of procedural enhancements were incorporated as noted in the description of each step. 2-Hydroxy 5-fluoropyridine 4-80 is also commercially available. The formation of diazonium tetrafluoroborate salt 2-80 from 5-amino-2-methoxy pyridine 1-80 proceeded in essentially quantitative yield and was isolated via filtration. The Schiemann reaction provided poor yields of the desired 2-methoxy-fluoropyridine using the literature conditions due mainly to significant contamination with 3-fiuoro l-(N)-methyl pyridone and other byproducts. However, adoption of a procedure similar to that described in Sanchez, J. P.; RogowsM, J. W.; J Heterocycl Chem 1987,24, 215 for a related compound provided very high yields of essentially clean but volatile 2- methoxy-5-fluoro pyridine 3-80 as a solution in toluene. In the interest of expediency, demethylation was achieved on large scale using aqueous HQ in pressure bottles at 140°C for Ihr. Prior to heating, the toluene solution was stirred with the aq HC1 and then the toluene was removed by decantation. The literature method for carrying out this step using HBr at 100°C was also successful on small scale and had the advantage of avoiding the use of pressure bottles. Nitration of 4-80 as described by Marfat provided lower than expected yields so the procedure was modified slightly, using guidance from A.G. Burton, P.J.Hallis, and A.R. Katritzky (Tetrahedron Letters 1971, 24, 2211-2212) on the control of the regiochemistry of nitration of pyridones via modulation of the acidity of the medium. The chemical yields of 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5-fluoro pyridine 5-80 were significantly improved using the procedure described hi the experimental section. Occasionally the product failed to precipitate during workup and then considerable efforts were necessary to isolate this highly water soluble compound from the aqueous layer. Using neat excess POBrs, compound 5-80 was converted to 2-bromo-3-nitro-5-fluoro pyridine 6 which could be used without further purification in the subsequent azaindole forming reaction. Addition of the pyridine 6 to excess vinyl magnesium bromide in THF at low temperature afforded the desired 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindol (precursor 5j) in yields of up to 35% following acidic work up and isolation via crystallization. A disadvantage of this method is the workup is difficult due to the large amounts of salts formed as co-products in the reaction and the low conversion to albeit clean product. The reaction is also exothermic and thus would require care on larger scales. Despite the moderate yields, as mentioned above the reaction proceeds cleanly and provides pure product precursor 5j without chromatography so it is anticipated that more detailed studies of this chemistry could result in yield enhancements. A selective copper/potassium carbonate mediated displacement of the 7-bromo group by commercially available 1,2,3-triazole provided an approximately 1:1 mixture of triazoles from which the desired 7-80 was isolated via chromatography in 25-35% yields. Copper-bronze rather than copper powder can also be used to carry out similar transfonnations. This reaction must not be allowed to overheat since concomitant displacement of the fluorine is possible and has been observed. Acylation occurred most efficiently under conditions that utilized excess acidic imidazolium chloro aluminate ionic liquid to provide highly activated glyoxylating reagent (K.S. Yeung et al. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002,43,5793). The acylation of 7-80 usually does not proceed to completion and typically results in about 75% conversion as measured by LC/MS. An advantage to these conditions is that the typical next step, ester hydrolysis, proceeded in situ to provide the desired acid 8-80 which was isolated directly by precipitation during workup. Coupling of the piperazine benzamide was found to be cleaner and produced higher yields of the compound of Example 216 using the depicted HATU based coupling than with other standard coupling reagents such as EDCorDEPBT. Additional preparations of starting materials and precursors are contained in Wang et. al. U.S. Serial Number 09/912,710 filed July 25, 2001 (which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Serial Number 09/765,189 filed January 18, 2001, abandoned, corresponding to PCT WO 01/62255) which is incorporated by reference. Chemistry All Liquid Chromatography (LC) data were recorded on a Shimadzu LC- 10AS liquid chromatograph using a SPD-10AV UV-Vis detector with Mass Spectrometry (MS) data determined using a Micromass Platform for LC in electrospray mode. LC/MS Method (i.e.. compound identification) Column A: YMC ODS-A S7 3.0x50 mm column Column B: PHX-LUNA CIS 4.6x30 mm column Column C: XTERRA ms Cl 8 4.6x30 mm column Column D: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x30 mm column Column E: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x33 mm column Column F: YMC CIS S5 4.6x50 mm column Column G: XTERRA C18 S7 3.0x50 mm column Column H: YMC Cl 8 S5 4.6x33 mm column Column I: YME ODS-A CIS S7 3.0x50 mm column Column J: XTERRA C-18 S5 4.6x50mm column Column K: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x33mm column Column L: Xterra MS C18 5uM 4.6x30mm column Column M: YMC ODS-A CIS S3 4.6x33mm column Standard LC Run Conditions (used unless othenvise noted): Gradient: 100% Solvent A / 0% Solvent B to 0% Solvent A /100% Solvent B Solvent A = 10% MeOH - 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, Solvent B = 90% MeOH - 10% H2O - 0.1% TFA; and R,in min. Gradient time: 2 minutes Hold time 1 minute Flow rate: 5 mL/min Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Alternate LC Run Conditions B: Gradient: 100% Solvent A / 0% Solvent B to 0% Solvent A / 100% Solvent B 169 Solvent A = 10% MeOH - 90% H20 - 0.1% TFA, Solvent B = 90% MeOH -10% H2O - 0.1% TFA; and Rtin min. Gradient time: 4 minutes Hold time 1 minute Flow rate: 4 mL/min Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Compounds purified by preparative HPLC were diluted in MeOH (1.2 mL) and purified using the following methods on a Shimadzu LC-10A automated preparative HPLC system or on a Shimadzu LC-8A automated preparative HPLC system with detector (SPD-IOAV UV-VIS) wavelength and solvent systems (A and B) the same as above. Preparative HPLC Method (i.e.. compound purification) Purification Method: Initial gradient (40% B, 60% A) ramp to final gradient (100% B, 0% A) over 20 minutes, hold for 3 minutes (100% B, 0% A) Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid Column: YMC CIS S5 20x100 mm column Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Typical Procedures and Characterization of Selected Examples: Preparation of Precursors: 4-Methoxyphenylboronic acid (24.54 g), 4-chloro-3-nitropyridine hydrochloride (26.24 g), Pd(Ph3P)4 (4 g) and K2CO3 (111 g) were combined in DME (500 mL). The reaction was heated to reflux for 10 hours. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into saturated aqueous NHtOAc (500 mL )solution. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 200 mL). The combined extract was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using silica gel chromatography (10% to 30% EtOAc / PE) to afford 10.6 g of Precursor 1, 3- Nitro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2HnN2O3: 231.08; found 231.02. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column B). (Figure Removed) 2-methoxy-5-bromo pyridine can be purchased from Aldrich (or others) or prepared. Oxidation with l.leq of MCPBA in dichloromethane (20ml per 10.6 mmol bromide) in the presence of anhydrous MgSO4 (0.4g per mL dichloromethane) with stirring from 0° to ambient temperature for approximately 14 h provided the N-oxide after workup and flash chromatographic purification over silica gel using a 5% Etoac/Hexane gradient of increasing EtOAc. The N-oxide (1.6g) was dissolved in lOmL 98% sulfuric acid and cooled to 0°. 10 mL of 69% nitric acid was added and then allowed to warm to ambient temp with stirring. The reaction was then heated and stirred at 80° C for 14h and then poured over ice , extracted with dichloromethane, washed with water, and concentrated to give a yellow solid which was purified by flash chromatography over Silica gel using IrlEtOAc/hexane and then a gradient to provide a yellow crystalline solid:). JH NMR (CDC13) 8 8.50 (s,!H), 7.59 (s,lH), 4.12 (3H, s). LC MS showed desired M+H. The N-oxide was reduced by dissolving the startingmaterial in dichloromethane (0.147M substrate) and cooling to 0°. A solution of 1.2 eq PQa (0.44M) in dicloromethane was added slowly to keep the reaction at 0°. Warm to ambient temp and stir for 72h. Aqueous workup and concentration provided a yellow solid which could be used in subsequent reactions or purified by chromatography. Note: a similar sequence could be used with 2-methoxy-5-chloro-pyridine as starting material. Precursor 2a Typical procedure for preparing azaindole from nitropyridine: Preparation of 7-chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2a, is an example of Step A of Scheme 1. 2-chloro- 3-nitropyridine (5.0g, 31.5mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (200 mL). After the solution was cooled to -78 °C, vinyl magnesium bromide (l.OM in THF, 100 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction temperature was maintained at -78°C for 1 h, and then at -20 °C for another 12 h before it was quenched by addition of 20% NHiCl aqueous solution (150 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 150 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSCU , filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (EtOAc / Hexane, 1 / 10) to afford 1.5g (31%) of 7-chloro-6- azaindole, Precursor 2a. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 7.84 (d, 1H, J = 10.7 Hz), 7.55 (dd, 1H, / = 10.9, 5.45 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, / = 5.54 Hz), 4.89 (s, 1H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H6C1N2: 153.02; found 152.93. HPLC retention time: 0.43 minutes (column A). Precursor 2b, 7-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindole, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 20 starting from 3-Nitro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine, Precursor 1. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci4Hi3N2O: 225.10; found 225.02. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column B). Precursor 2c Precursor 2c, 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-bromo-pyridine (available from Aldrich, Co.). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H3BrClN2: 230.93; found 231.15. HPLC retention time: 1.62 minutes (column B). Precursor 2d Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindole (above), was prepared according to the following scheme: Step A A) fuming HNO3, H2SO4; B)POCl3/DMF,110°C; C) vinylmagnesium bromide, THF, -78°C - -20°C It should be noted that 2-chloro-5-fluoro-3-nitro pyridine, zz3', may be prepared by the method in example 5B of the reference Marfat, A.; and Robinson, R. P. ; "Azaoxindole Derivatives" US. Patent 5,811,432 1998. The preparation below provides some details which enhance the yields of this route. In Step A, compound zzl' (1.2 g, 0.01 mol) was dissolved in sulfuric acid (2.7 mL) at room temperature. Premixed faming nitric acid (1 mL) and sulfuric acid was added dropwise at 5-10 °C to the solution of compound zzl'. The reaction mixture was then heated at 85 °C for 1 hour, then was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice (20 g). The yellow solid precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with water and air dried to provide 1.01 g of compound zz2'. In Step B, compound zz2' (500 mg, 3.16 mmol) was dissolved in phosphorous oxychloride (1.7 mL, 18.9 mmol) and dimethoxyethane at room temperature. The reaction was heated to 110 °C for 5 hours. The excess phosphorous oxycMoride was then removed by concentrating the reaction mixture in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel, eluted with chloroform (100%) to afford 176 mg of product zz3'. In Step C, compound zz3' (140 mg, 0.79 mmol) was dissolved in THF (5 mL) and cooled to —78 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. To this solution was added dropwise a solution of vinyl magnesium bromide (1.2 mtnol, 1.0 M in diethyl ether, 1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was then kept at -20 °C for 15 hours. The reaction mixture was then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica to provide 130 mg of precursor 2d H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) S 7.78 (s, IH), 7.60 (d, IH, J = 3.0 Hz), 6.71 (d, IH, / = 3.05 Hz). MS mfz: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H5C1FN2: 171.10; found 171.00. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A). Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-fluoro-pyriduie which was prepared according to the procedure above. Experimental details for this preparation are contained in Wang et. al. PCT WO 01/62255. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 7.78 (s, IH), 7.60 (d, IH, / = 3.0 Hz), 6.71 (d, IH, J = 3.05 Hz). MS mfz: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H5CIFN2: 171.10; found 171.00. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A). Precursor 2e was prepared by either Method A or Method B, below: Method A: A mixture of 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole (1 g), Cul (0.65 g) and NaOMe (4 mL, 25% in methanol) in MeOH (16 mL) was heated at 110 - 120 °C for 16 hours hi a sealed tube. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was neutralized with IN HC1 to pH 7. The aqueous solution was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 30 mL). Then the combined organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to afford a residue, which was purified by using silica gel chromotography to give 0.3 g of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6- azaindole, Precursor 2e. MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C8H8C1N2O: 183.03; found 183.09. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column B). Method B :A mixture of 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole (6 g), CuBr (3.7 g) and NaOMe (30 mL, 5% in MeOH) was heated at 110°C for 24 hours hi a sealed tube. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was added to saturated aqueous NEUCl. The resulting aqueous solution was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSO, , filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to afford a residue, which was purified by using silica gel chromotography to give 1.8 g of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2e. Precursor 2f Precursor 2f, 7-bromo-6-azaindole was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Bromo-3-rn'tro-pyridine (available from Aldrich, Co.). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H6BrN2: 197.97; found 197.01. HPLC retention time: 0.50 minutes (column A). Precursor 2g Precursor 2g, 7-chloro-4-azaindole was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 4-Chloro-3-nitro-pyridine (HCI salt, available from Austin Chemical Company, Inc.). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for C7H6C1N2: 153.02; found 152.90. HPLC retention time: 0.45 minutes (column A). Precursor 2h Precursor 2h, 5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindole was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-4-methyl-5-nitro-pyridine (available from Aldrich, Co.). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CgH8ClN2: 167.04; found 166.99. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column B). Precursor 2i Precursor 2i, 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2e, using POBr3 in the step B instead of POC13. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H5BrEN2: 214.96; found 214.97. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column G). Precursor 21 To a mixture of 5-bromo-2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (10 g, 42 nxmol) in 1,4-dioxane (100 ml) was added pyrazole (5.8 g, 85 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 120°C for 26.5 h., and then evaporated after cooling to r.t. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography (0 to 5% EtOAc/Hexanes) to give the desired product 5-Bromo-3-nitro-2-pyrazol-l-yl-pyridine. H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.77 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 6.57 (s, 1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 269,271, HPLC Rt = 1.223. To a 250 mL roimd bottom flask was charged 5-Bromo-3-nitro-2-pyrazol-l-ylpyridine( 1.02g, 3.8 mmol) and THF (30 ml). The mixture was then cooled to - 78°C, and added a THF solution of vinylmagnesium bromide (23 mL, 18.4 mmol, 0.8 M). After three minutes, the reaction mixture was wanned to -45°C and remained stirring for 1 h. The reaction was then quenched with ammonium chloride, and the resulting mixture extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were evaporated in vacua, and the residue purified by flash column chromatography (5% EtOAc/Hexanes) to give compound 2 (which by HPLC contained about 50% of a side product, presumably 3-vinylamino of compound 1) ; XH NMR: (CDCls) 5 10.75 (b s, 1H), 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.53 (s, 1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 262,264; HPLC Rt = 1.670. Precursor 2k To a solution of 2-bromo-5-chloro-3-nitropyridine 5 (20 g, 84 nunol, prepared in 2 steps from 2-amino-5-chloropyridine as described in WO9622990) in THF (300 ml) at -78°C was charged a THF solution of vinylmagnesium bromide (280 ml, 252 mmol, 0.9 M). The resulting mixture was stirred at —78°C for one hour, followed by quenching with aqueous ammonium chloride (500 ml, sat.) and extracted with EtOAc (5 x 500 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with aqueous ammonium chloride (2 x 500 ml, sat) and water (3 x 500 ml), dried (MgSO/O and evaporated to give a brownish residue. The crude material was triturated with CEfeCla, and the solid formed filtered to give compound 6 as a yellow solid (8.0 g, 41%); 1H NMR: (DMSO-4s) 12.30 (b s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, / = 3.0,1H), 6.71 (d, J = 3.0,1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 231,233,235; HPLC Rt = 1.833. Precursor 2m 4-Huoro-7-Bromo-6-azaindole (500 mg, 1.74 mmol) was dissolved in THF (5ml) and cooled to -78°C and n-BuLi (2.5 M, 2.1 ml) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78°C for 15 min, then stirred at 0°C for 30 min. The reation was cooled to -78°C again, and DMF(0.7 ml, 8.7mmol) was added. After stirring for 30 min, water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, concentrated and chromatographied to afford 208 mg of precursor 2m. LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)* = 164.98. Rt = 0.44 min. A mixture of precursor 2m (50 mg, 0.30 mmol), potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.30 mmol) and tosylmethyl isocyanide (60 mg,0.30 mmol) in MeOH(3ml) was heated to reflux for about 2 hr. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was treated with ice water and extracted with ether. The organic layer was washed with an aqueous solution of HC1 (2%), water and dried over magnesium sulfate. After filtration and evaporation of the solvent, the residue was purified on silica to afford the title compound (60mg).LCMS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)4 = 204. Rt = 0.77 min. Precursor 2o 4-Fluoro-7-Bromo-6-azaindole (510 mg, 2.39 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL) was treated with copper cyanide (430 mg, 4.8 mmol) at 150°C in a seal tube for Ih. An aqueous solution of NHjOH (10 mL) was added and the reaction was extracted with diethylether (2 x 50 mL) and ethylacetate (2 x 50 mL). The organic phases were combined and dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated in vacuum and chromatographied on silica gel (gradient elution AcOEt/Hexanes 0-30%) to afford the title compound as a brownish solid (255 mg, 66%) LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)"1" = 162. Precursor 2o (82 mg, 0.51 mmol) was dissolved in absolute ethanol (200% proof, 5 mL) and treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (53 mg, 0.76 mmol) and triethylamine (140 uL, 1.0 mmol) and the reaction mixture was heated up at 80°C hi a seal tube for 2h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the pale yellow solid residue was washed with water to afford the title compound. LCYMS: (ES" m/z (M+H)+ = 195. This compound was taken to the next step without further purification. Precursor 2q Precursor 2p was dissolved in trimethylorthoformate (1 mL) and heated at 85°C in a seal tube for Ih, then it was cooled to rt, the solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was chromatographied on silica gel (AcOEt/Hexanes, gradient elution 10- 60%) to afford the title compound (54 mg, LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =205). Precursor 2q (100 mg, 0.62 mmol, crude) in ethanol (5 mL) was treated with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (50%, 2 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated at 110°C overnight in a seal tube. The pH was adjusted to 2 with HC1 (6N) and a brown precipitate was filtered off. The solution was concentrated to dryness to afford the title compound as a pale yellow solid LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)4" =181. This compound was used without further purification. Precursor 2s Precursor 2r (0.62 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with 3- aminopyridine (58.3 mg, 0.62 mmol), DEBT (185 mg, 0.62) and Hunig's base (216 }JL, 1.26 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18h. Water was added and the reaction was extracted with AcOEt (2 x 25 mL) and CHCls (2 x 25 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated and chromatographied on silica gel (AcOEt/Hexanes gradient elution 0-50%) to afford the title compound as a brownish solid LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)+ =257. Precursor 2h, 4-methoxy-7-bromo-5-azaindole was prepared by the same method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-methoxy-5-bromo-4-nitro-pyridine (precursor la). 1H NMR (CDC13) 8 8.52 (s,lH), 7.84 (s,lH), 7.12 (t, 1H), 6.68 (d, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H). LC MS showed desired M+H. A mixture of aldehyde precursor 2m (150 mg, 0.91 mmol), sodium cyanide (44mg, 0.091mmol) and tosylmethyl isocyanide (177 mg, 0.91 mmol) in EtOH(3ml) was stirred at room temperature for SOmin, then filtered and the crystals were washed with ether-hexane (1:1) and dried. The obtained crystals, and a saturated solution of ammonia in dry methanol (8ml) were heated between 100-110°C for 16hr. The mixture was concentrated and chromatographed to provide 20mg of precursor 2. LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 203. Rt = 0.64 min. Precursor 3a Typical procedure for acylation ofazaindole: Preparation of Methyl (7-chloro-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3a is an example of Step B of Scheme 1. 7- Chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2a (0.5 g, 3.3 mmol) was added to a suspension of A1C13 (2.2 g, 16.3 mmol) in CH2C12 (100 mL). Stirring was continued at rt for 10 minutes before methyl chlorooxoacetate (2.0 g, 16.3 mmol) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred for 8 h. The reaction was quenched with iced aqueous NBUOAc solution (10%, 200 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 (3 x lOOmL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSC4, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was carried to the next step without further purification. Precursor 2, Methyl (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetate: MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci0H8ClN2O3: 239.02; found 238.97. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column A). Precursor 3b Precursor 3b, Methyl (6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starling from 6-azaindole. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CioH9N2O3: 205.06; found 205.14. HPLC retention time: 0.49 minutes (column A). Precursor 3c, Methyl (7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting frpm 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4- azaindole (Precursor 2b). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for Ci7Hi5N2O4: 311.10; found 311.04. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A). Precursor 3d (Figure Removed) Precursor 3d, methyl (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2e, 4-methoxy- 7-chloro-6-azaindole. MS rn/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2Hi2ClN2O4: 283.05; found 283.22. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column B). Precursor 3e Precursor 3e, Methyl (7-chloro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a starting from Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7- chloro-6-azaindole. . H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for doHyClKJA,: 257.01; found 257.00. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). Precursor 3f Precursor 3f, Methyl (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2g, 7-chloro-4-azaindole. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CioHgCU^Oa: 239.02; found 238.97. HPLC retention time: 0.60 minutes (column A). Precursor 3g (Figure Removed) Precursor 3g, Methyl (5-cMoro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2h, 5-chloro-7- methyl-4-azaindole. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CnHi0ClN2O3: 253.04; found 252.97. HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column B). Precursor 4a Typical procedure of hydrolysis of ester: Preparation of Potassium (7-chloro- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4a, is an example of Step C of Scheme 1. Crude methyl (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3a, and an excess of K2C03 (2 g) were dissolved in MeOH (20 mL) and H20 (20 mL). After 8 h, the solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to provide 200 mg of Potassium (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetate. MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid was observed. Calc'd for CgHeClNaOa : 225.01; found 225.05. HPLC retention time: 0.83 minutes (column A). Potassium (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4b, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate; Precursor 3b. MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid was observed. Calc'd for C9H7N2O3: 191.05; Found 190.99. HPLC retention time: 0.12 minutes (column A). Precursor 4c Precursor 4c, Potassium (7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-(4- methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3c. MS m/z: (M-K+H)+ calcd for Ci6Hi3N2O4: 297.07; found 297.04. HPLC retention time: 1.00 minutes (column A). Precursor 4d Precursor 4d, Potassium (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a starting from Methyl (7-chloro-4- methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3d. MS m/z: (M+H) of the corresponding acid of compound 4d (M-K+H)4' C: 255.02; found 255.07. HPLC retention time: 0.74 minutes (column A). Precursor 4e Precursor 4e, Potassium (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetate, Precursor 3f. MS mlz: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid of compound 4e (M-K+H)+calcd for C9H6C1N2O3: 225.01; found 225.27. HPLC retention time: 0.33 minutes (column A). Precursor 4f Precursor 4f, Potassium (5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starling from Methyl (5-chloro-7- methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3g. MS. mlz: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid of compound 4f (M-K+H)+ calcd for CioHgClNaOa: 239.02; found 238.94. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column B). Precursor 4g Precursor 4g, Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetate (prepared according to the method of Precursor 3a from 7-Bromo-6- azaindole, Precursor 2f). !H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H, J = 5.3 Hz), 8.08 (d, 1H, J = 5.45 Hz); 13C NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 180.5, 164.0,141.6,140.4,132.4,125.3,115.5,113.0. Precursor 4h Precursor 4h, Potassium (7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-bromo-4- fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate (prepared according to the method of Precursor 3a from 7-Bromo-4-fiuoro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2i). MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid of compound 4g (M-K+H)+ calcd for CpHsBrFNzOa: 286.95; found 286.94. HPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column A). Precursor 4i l-ethyl-3-methylimidazoh'um chloride (0.172 g, 1.1 mmol) was added to aluminum chloride (0.560 g, 4.2 mmol), and the mixture vigorously stirred. Upon formation of a liquid, precursor 2j was added, followed by ethyl chlorooxoacetate (0.12 ml, 1.1 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at r.t. for 16 h, after which additional chlorooxoacetate was added (0.12 ml, 1.1 mmol). Following this addition, the reaction was allowed to stir at r.t. for another 24 h. The flask was cooled to 0°C and water added, upon which precipitates were formed. The solid material was filtered, washed with water and methanol, and dried under high vacuum to give compound 3; LOMS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 334, 336; HPLC Rt = 1.390. (Figure Removed) To l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (2.54 g, 17.3 mmol) was added aluminum chloride (6.91 g, 51.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred vigorously at ambient temperature for ten minutes. To the resulting yellow liquid was added precursor 2k (2.0 g, 8.64 mmol) and ethyl chlorooxoacetate (2.0 ml, 17.3 mmol), and was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then added ice/water (300 ml) to give precipitates, which were filtered and washed with water to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1.98 g). The aqueous solution was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 300 ml), and the extracts evaporated in vacua to give a second batch of compound 8 as a yellow solid (439 mg, total yield 92%); H NMR: (DMSO-) 14.25 (b s, 1H), 13.37 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 303,305, 307; HPLC Rt = 1.360. Precursor 4k l-Ethyl-3-methyumidazoh'um chloride (82mg, 0.56 mmol) was added to a flask which contained precursor 2n (56 mg, 0.28 mmol) and the mixture was cooled to 0°C. Aluminum chloride (336 mg, 2.52 mmol) was added in one portion followed by CICOCOOEt (58 pL, 0.56 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. Ice water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction mixture was filtered. The solid was washed with water and diethylether and dried in air to afford the title compound (58mg). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)4' = 276. Rt = 0.85 min. Precursor 4m l-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (73mg, 0.52 mmol) and aluminum chloride (198 mg, 1.56 mmol) were stirred together under nitrogen for Ih. To this solution was added intemediate 2q (54 mg, 0.26 mmol) and ethyloxalylchloride (58 pL, 0.52 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 18h. The reaction was quenched with water and the mixture was stirred for 15 min. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with water and diethylether. LC/MS (ES"1") m/z (M+H)+ =276. This compound was used without further purification. Precursor 4n l-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (26mg, 0.18 mmol) was added to a flask which contained precursor 2t (18 mg, 0.09 mmol) and the mixture was cooled to 0°C. Aluminum chloride (92 mg, 0.54rrunol) was added in one portion followed by CICOCOOEt (20\|iL, 0.18 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. Ice water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction mixture was filtered. The solid was washed with water and diethylether and dried in air to afford compound D (18mg). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 275. Rt = 0.49 min. Precursor 5a Typical procedure for coupling piperazine derivative andazaindole acid: Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 5, is an example of Step D of Scheme 1. Potassium 7-chloro-6-azaindole 3-glyoxylate, Precursor 4a, (100 mg, 0.44 rmnol), 3-f-methyl- 1-benzoylpiperazine (107 mg, 0.44 mol), 3-(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-1,2,3- benzotriazin-4(3)-one (DEPBT) (101 mg, 0.44 mol) and Hunig's Base (diisopropylethylamine, 0.5 mL) were combined in 5 mL of DMF. The mixture was stirred at rt for 8 h. DMF was removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the residue was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine(70 mg, 39%). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2oClN4O3: 411.12; Found 411.06. HPLC retention time: 1.32 minutes (column A). Precursor 5b Precursor 5b, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yI)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-chloro-4-inethoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and 1- benzoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for C2iH2oClN4O4:427.12; found 427.12. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A). Precursor 5c Precursor 5c, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-cMoro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and 1-benzoylpiperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 6 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 5H), 3.89 (s, 3HJ, 3.71 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ 441.13; found 441.17. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A). Precursor 5d Precursor 5d, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from Potassium (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4e, and l-benzoyl-3-(R)- methyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2iH2oClN4O3 411.12, found 411.04. HPLC retention time: 1.10 minutes (column A). Precursor 5e Precursor 5e, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from Potassium (5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4f, and 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H22C1N4O3 425.24, found 425.04. HPLC retention time: 1.72 minutes (column B). Precursor 5f Precursor 5f, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4g, and 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2iH2oBrN403:455.07; found 455.14. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column B). Precursor 5g Precursor 5g, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from (7-bromo-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4g, and 1-benzoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2oHi8BrN4O3:441.06; found 441.07. HPLC retention time: 1.43 minutes (column B). Precursor 5h Precursor 5h, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4b, and l-benzoyl-3-(R)- methylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2iN4O3: 377.16; Found 377.10. HPLC retention time: 0.88 minutes (column A). Addition of precursor 2d to a solution of aluminum trichloride in dichloromethane stirring at ambient temperature followed 30 minutes later with chloromethyl or chloroethyl oxalate (according to the method described for precursor 3a) provides either the methyl or ethyl ester, respectively. Hydrolysis with KOH (as in the standard hydrolysis procedure described for precursor 4a) provided potassium (7-chloro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate. Potassium (7-chloro-4-fluoro-6- azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate was then reacted with 1-benzoyl piperazine in the presence of DEPBT under the standard conditions (as described for precursor 5a) to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, precursor 5i.] H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 6 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.46 (bs, 5H), 3.80-3.50 (m, 8H); LC/MS (ES) m/z (M+H)* 415 observed; retention time 1.247 minutes; LC/MS method: YMC ODS-A C18 S7 3.0 x 50 mm column; Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 2 minutes; Flow rate = 5 mlVmin; detector wavelength = 220 nm. Precursor 51 l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]- piperazine was prepared by coupling potassium (7-cMoro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3- yl)oxoacetate, prepared as described above for precursor 5i, with l-benzoyl-3-(R)- methylpiperazine in the presence of DEPBT under the standard conditions (as described for precursor 5a) to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl] piperazine, precursor 5j.l H NMR (500 MHz, CDsOD) 8 8.42, 8.37 (s, s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.71-7.45 (m, 5H), 4.72-3.05 (m, 7H), 1.45-1.28 (m, 3H); LC/MS (HS) m/z (M+H)+ 429 observed; retention time 1.297 minutes; LC/MS method: YMC ODS-A CIS S7 3.0 x 50 mm column; Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 2 minutes; Flow rate = 5 mL/min; detector wavelength = 220 nm. Precursor 5k Precursor 5k, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yi)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from (7-chloro-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4a, and 1-benzoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C^igClN^: 397.1 1 ; found 396.97. HPLC retention time: 2.37 minutes (column F, gradient time = 3 min, flow rate = 4 ml/min). Precursor 51 Precursor 51, l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and picolinoyl-piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-dg) 88.63 - 7.45 (m, 7 H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.82 - 2.50 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C20Hi9CIN5O4:428.11; Found 428.11. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column A). Precursor 5m Precursor 5m, (R)-l-picolinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4g, and (R)-3-methyl-lpicolinoyl- piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2oHi9BrN5O3: 456.07; Found 456.11. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column A). Precursor 5n Precursor 5n, (S)-l-picoIinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4g, and (S)-3-methyl-lpicolinoyl- piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 58.63 - 7.36 (m, 7H), 5.02 - 3.06 (m, 7H), 1.42 - 1.26 (m, 3H). Precursor So Precursor 5o, (R)-l-picolinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4h, and (R)-3- methyl-1-picolinoyl-piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.68 - 7.52 (m, 6H), 4.94 - 2.69 (m, 7H), 1.48 -1.24 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2oHi8BrFN5O3:474.06; Found 474.23. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A). Precursor 5p Precursor 5p, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-chloro-4- fluoro-4-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4e, and 1-benzoyl-piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.83 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H, J = 5.35 Hz), 7.91 (d, 1H, J = 5.75 Hz), 7.47 (m, 5H), 3.80 - 3.30 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 397.11; Found 397.02. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A). Precursor 5q, l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-bronio-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3- yl)-ethane-1,2-dione To a solution of acid precursor 4j (2.4 g, 7.9 mmol) in DMF (40 ml) was added 3- (diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3fl)-one (DEPBT, 5.96 g, 19.9 mmol), benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (2.71 g, 11.9 mmol), andN,Ndiisopropylethylamine (14 ml, 80.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then added water (400 ml) and extracted with EtOAc (4 x 300 ml). The combined extracts were evaporated in vocuo to give a brownish residue, which was triturated with MeOH to provide the tide compound as a white solid (2.8 g, 74%); JH NMR: (DMSO-de) 13.41 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.45 (b s, 5H), 3.80-3.35 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 475, 477,479; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.953. Precursor 5r Precursor 5r was prepared by procedure used for 5q using mono N-Boc piperazine . H NMR: (CDC13) 6 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 3.71 (b s, 2H), 3.53 (b m, 6H), 1.48 (s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+) ro/z (M+H)+ = 471,473, 475; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G)Rt= 1.543. Precursor 5s was prepared by procedure used for 5b using mono N-Boc piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CuKbtCmA.: 423.14; Found 423.07 HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column L). Precursor 5t Precursor 5t, was prepared from Precursor 5s and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane, via the procedure described in the later section Preparation of Compounds of Formtda I. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHiyNeOs: 467.20; found 467.47. HPLC retention time: 1.57 minutes (column C). Precursor 5u Preparation of precursor 5u: Precursor 5t (30 mg) was dissolved in TFA (0.5 g). After the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, the mixture was concentrated in vacua to give the desired intermediae 5u which was used in further reactions without any purification. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for QsHigNeOs: 367.15; found 367.06. HPLC retention time: 0.91 minutes (column M). Precursor 5v Precursor 5v was prepared by procedure used for 5b using 2-methyl-lpicolinoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C2iH21ClN5O4: 442.13; Found 442.11. HPLC retention time: 1.01 minutes (column G). Precursor 5xa 203 Precursor 5xa was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lpicolinoylpiperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2iClN5O4:442.13; Found 442.23. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column L). Precursor 5y Precursor 5y was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lnicotinoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH21CIN5O4:442.13; Found 442.15. HPLC retention time: 0.87 minutes (column C). Precursor 5z Precursor 5z was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lbenzoylpiperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C22H22C1N4O4:441.13; Found 441.46. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column C). Precursor 6 Typical procedure for N-Oxide formation: Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)- methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6. 20 mg of 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-azauidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazijie, Precursor 5h, (0.053 mmol) was dissolved in CH2C12 (2 mL). 18 mg of mCPBA (0.11 mmol) was then added into the solution and the reaction was stirred for 12 h at rt. CEfeCLj was removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the residue was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give the compound shown above (5.4 mg, 26%). MS wz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CziHaiN^: 393.16; Found 393.11. HPLC retention time: 0.90 minutes (column A). Precursor 7 Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetylj-piperazine or l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-methyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]-piperazine. An excess of MeMgl (3M in THF, 0.21 ml, 0.63 mmol) was added into a solution of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6, (25 mg, 0.064 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt and then quenched with MeOH. The solvents were removed under vacuum, the residue was diluted with MeOH and purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give a compound shown above which was a single isomer but regiochemistry was not definitively assigned. (6.7 mg, 27%). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^H^TOs: 391.18; Found 391.17. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column B). Precursors l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-phenyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine or l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-phenyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (regiochemistry was not definitively assigned) were prepared by the method described for Example 7 starting with l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6, and phenyl magnesium bromide (phenyl Grignard reagent). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H25N4O3:453.19; Found 454.20. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column B). Precursor 9 A mixture of Pd (10% on carbon, 100 nag), trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) and 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine, Precursor 5e (1.5 g) in MeOH (50 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL) was shaken in a Parr reactor under a hydrogen atmosphere (45 psi) for 48 hours. After solids were removed via filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to afford precursor 9 (1 206 g) which was used without further purification. MS mlz: (M+H)* calcd for C2iH2iN4O3 391.18, found 391.15. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A). Precursors 10 and 11 Preparation of Precursor 10, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-carbonyl- 4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine and Precursor 11, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4- [(5-chloro-7-hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine: A mixture of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1.78 g) and Se02 (4.7 g) in dioxane/water (100:1) was refluxed for 10 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was concentrated in vacua to provide a residue. The residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography with EtOAc and MeOH as eluting solvents to afford precursor 10 (350 rag) and precursor 11 (410 nig). Precursor 10, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oClN404: 439.12, found 439.01. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A); Precursor 11, l-benzoyl-3- (R)-memyl4-[(5 MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C-aHaoClN^s: 455.11, found 455.10. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column A). Precursors 12 and 13 Precursor 12, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]-piperazine and Precursor 13, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7- hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine were made according to the same procedure of preparing Precursors 10 and 11, by using Precursor 9 as a stalling material. Precursor 12, l-benzoyl-3-CR)-methyl-4-[(7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2iN4O4:405.16, found 405.14. HPLC retention time: 0.91 minutes (column A); Precursor 13, l-benzoyl-3-(R)- methyl-4-[(7-hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS m/z: (M+H)+calcd for C22H2iN4O5:421.15, found 421.09. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column A). Precursors 14a-l - 14a-21 The following tin agents and boron agents can be purchased from commercial resources and used without any further treatment (Table 1-1). (Table Removed) Preparation of Tin Agents; Precursors 14-1 -14-65 The following known tin agents and boron agents could be prepared according to the documented procedures indicated without any modification (Table 1-2): (Table Removed)Preparation of 2,3-dicloro-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (An example of general procedure Tin-01, below): TMP-Ii (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidhiyl lithium) was prepared by addition of n-butyl lithium (1.6 M, 6.25 mL) to a solution of 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpiperidine (1.4 g) in dry THF (180 mL) at -78 °C. The solution was then allowed to warm to 0 °C, was stirred at 0 °C for 15 minutes, then was cooled to -78 °C. To the solution was added 2,3-dichloropyrazme (1.35 g), and followed by an addition of tri-n-butyltin chloride (3.25 g) in another 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2,3-dicloro-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (1 g). Preparation of 2-(tri-n-butylsteimyl)-pyriinidine: (Example of the general procedure Tin-03, below) Tri-n-butylstannyl lithium was prepared at 0 °C in dry THF (20 mL) from tri-butyltin hydride (2.2 mL) and IDA (lithium diisopropylamiide, 2M, 4.09 mL). The tri-n-butylstannyl lithium solution was then cooled to -78 °C and to it was added 2-bromopyrimidine (1 g). The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm up to room temperature over 8 hours. The reaction was then quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2-(tri-n-butylstannyI)-pyrimidine (190 mg). Preparation of 2-aminp-6-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (Example of the general procedure Tin-04, below): To a sealed tube, 2-amino-6-chloro-pyrazme (1 g), bis(tributyltin) (3.92 mL) and tetraMs-triphenylphosphine palladium, Pd(Ph3P)4 (100 mg) were combined in dioxane (10 mL). The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into 20 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20 mL). The combined extract was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2-amino-6-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (0.5 g) Preparation of 2-methylsulfonylamino-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (Example of general procedure Tin-05, below): NaH (60%, 20 mg) was added into a solution of 2-amino-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (0.2 g) in THF (30 mL) at room temperature. After the mixture stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, to it was added methylsulfonyl chloride (63 mg). The reaction mixture was stirred at room' temperature over 8 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2-methylsulfonylamino-5- (tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (20 mg). The precursors 14-70 -14-129 were prepared according to the following general procedures designated Tin-01 through Tin-05 (Table 1-3). Base = LDA, TMP-Li, n-BuLi, S-BuLi or t-BuLi; Solvent = THF, diethyl ether or DME; R = methyl or butyl To a solution of a base (1.1 equivalents) selected from lithium diisopropylamide, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium or tert-butyl lithium in a solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether or dimethoxyethane (concentration of approximately 0.05 mmol base/mL of solvent) at -78 °C was added an appropriate ,aryl or heteroaryl substrate (1.0 equivalents) followed by an addition of tri-n-butyltin chloride or trimethyltin chloride (1.1 equivalents) hi another 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane. General Procedure Tin-02: Base R3SnCI HeteroarylorAryl—LG " Heteroaryl or Aryl—SnR3 Solvent LG = Br or I; Base = n-BuLi, S-BuLi, or t-BuLi; Solvent = THF, ether or DME; R = methyl or butyl To a solution of a base (1.1 equivalents) selected from n-butyl lithium, secbutyl lithium or tert-butyl lithium in a solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether or dimethoxyethane (concentration of approximately 0.05 mmol base/mL of solvent) at -78 °C was added an appropriate aryl or heteroaryl bromide or aryl or heteroaryl iodide substrate (1.0 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for a period suitable to generate the anion via metal-halogen exchange then to it was added tri-n-butyltin chloride or trimethyltin chloride (1.1 equivalents). The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane. Tri-n-butylstannyl lithium or trimethylstannyl lithium (1.3 equivalents) was prepared at 0 °C in dry solvent selected from THF, diethyl ether or dimethoxyethane (20 mL) from tri-n-butyltin hydride or trimethyltin hydride, respectively (1.3 equivalents) and LDA (lithium diisopropylamide, 1.3 equivalents) at a concentration of approximately 0.4 mmol of alkylstannyl lithium/rnL of solvent. The tri-nbutylstannyl lithium or trimethylstannyl lithium solution was then cooled to -78 °C and to it was added an appropriate haloaryl or haloheteroaryl substrate (1.0 equivalent). The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm up to room temperature over 8 hours. The reaction was then quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane precursor. General Procedure Tin-04: Heteroaryl or Aryl — LG - - Heferoaryl or Aryl— SnR3 Solvent Pd(0) LG = Cl, Br, 1 or OTf;Solvent= Dioxane or Toluene; R = methyl or butyl To a sealed tube, an appropriate aiyl or heteroaryl substrate (1.0 equivalent), bis(tri-butyltin) or hexamethylditin (1.0 equivalent) and tetrakis-triphenylphosphine palladium, Pd(Pb.3P)4 (1.0 mol%) were combined in dioxane or toluene (10 mL). The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into water. The solution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane product. General Procedure Tin-05: The following general reaction scheme depicts the derivatization of stannane precursors in which the stannane has a reactive ring NH group or reactive exocyclic amino, hydroxy or thiol group. The starting stannane is treated with base in an appropriate solvent then is reacted with suitable electrophiles such as aliyl halides, acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and the like. Electrophile = R'-halide, R'C(0)CI, R'OC(0)CI, R'R"NCOCIf R'SO2CI, R'NCO, R'NSO, R'NCNR" E = R1-, R'C(O)-, R'OC(0)-, R-R-NCfO)-, R'S02-, R'NCfO)-, R'NS(Oh R'NCNR" Solvent = CH2CI2, THF, diethyl ether, DMF R = methyl or butyl; X = NH, O or S Base = NaH, BuLi, LDA, K2CO3, Et3N, DBU, DMAP, NaHMDS An appropriate base selected from sodium hydride, n-butyl lithium, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, DBU, DMAP or sodium hexamethyldisilazide (1.0 equivalent) was added into a solution of an appropriate starmane substrate (as depicted above, 1.0 equivalent) in an appropriate solvent selected from dichloromethane, THF, diethyl ether or N,N-dimethylformamide at a temperature between -78 °C and room temperature. After the mixture stirred for a period sufficient to allow deprotonation, typically for 5 to 30 minutes, then to it was added an appropriate electrophile such as an alkyl halide, acid chloride, sulfonyl (1.0 equivalent). The reaction mixture was stirred, typically at room temperature, over a period of 2 to 8 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane precursor. General procedure Tin-06 Bu3Sn_ H2, Pd or Pt -CI,Br,l Bu3Sn An aryl hilide stannane agent was dissolved in appropriate alcohol, either methanol or ethanol. After a cataylst (pt or pd) was added into the solvent, the reaction mixture is placed in an environment of hydrogen under normal or raised pressure. After reaction finishes, the catalyst is filtered, and, concentration of the mother solution provides a residue which is used in the further reactions without any purification. (Table Removed)To a flask, an appropriate pyrazine, pyrimidine or thiazole (1.0 equivalent) and a nucleophile (Nu), such as amine, alcohol or thio-derivatives in one equivalence or an exess amount were combined in a solvent such as THF, DMF or alcohol, with or without an addition of NaH. The reaction was either stirred at room temperature or under heating for one to three days. After all the solvents were removed, the residue was partitioned between saturated NaHCOs and EtOAc. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were concentrated in vacua to give a residue, which was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired product. Starting Material Br Br SM-01 Br Br SM-01 Br Br SM-01 Br SM-01 Br SM-01 Product Br f^N HN Br Vs Reaction Condition SM-01 (2g) Piperazine (10 g), THF(50 ml), r.L SM-01 (1 g), MeNH2 (2Min THF, 100 ml), r.L SM-01 (Ig XMeaNH (2Min TEDF, 100 ml), r.L SM-01 (1 g), MeONa (0.5M in MeOH, 100ml), r.L SM-01 (50 mg),NaH (17mg),2- amino- 1,3,4- thiadiazole (25 mg), Rf (minutes) 0.56 (column G) 0.89 (column E) 1.19 (column E) 1.05 (column E) 1.21 (column E) MS (M+H)+ Cald. 243.02 187.93 201.92 188.91 257.94 MS (M+H)+ Obsv. 243.03 187.98 202.00 ' 188.97 257.89 Br SM-01 Br r SM-02 Br SM-02 Br N Br Br DMFSml) r.t SM-01 (50 mg),NaH (17mg),Nbenzylpiper azine(25 mg), DMF 5 ml) r.t. SM-01 (50 mg), NaH (17 mg), N.Ndiethylami no-ethanol (0.033 ml), DMFSml) r.L SM-02 (2 g) Piperazine (10 g), THF(50 ml), r.t. SM-05 (1 (2Min THF, 100 ml), r.L 1.04 (column E) 0.72 (column E) 0.89 (column E) 0.65 (column E) 333.07 274.06 247.99 206.89 332.99 273.97 247.97 206.96 246 Br . Br SM-02 Br SM-02 Br SM-02 Br Br SM-02 Br SM-03 Br SM-02 (1 g), MeONa (0.5Min MeOH, 100ml), r.t. SM-03 (50 mg), NaH (16 mg), imidazole (77 mg), DMFSml) r.t. SM-02 (50 mg), NaH (16mg),Nbenzylpiper azine(30 mg),DMF 5 ml) r.t. SM-02 (50 mg),NaH (16 mg), NJNdiethylami no-ethanol (0.033 ml), DMFSml) r.t. SM-03 (50 mg), NaH (25 mg), 1.35 (column E) 0.89 (column E) 1.02 (column E) 0.83 (column E) 0.31 (column E) 193.93 229.94 338.03 279.02 151.91 193.84 229.83 337.98 278.95 152.03 Br SM-03 X1 Cl imidazole (25 mg), DMF 5 ml) r.t. SM-03 (50 mg),NaH (25mg),Nbenzylpiper azine(37 mg), DMF 5 ml) r.t SM-03 (50 mg),NaH (25 mg), N,Ndiethylami no-ethanol (0.05 ml), DMF 5 ml) r.t SM-04 dg), MeONa (0.5Min MeOH, 13.52ml), r.t. SM-04 dg), MeNH2 (2Min 1HF, 0.66 (column E) 0.46 (column E) 0.86 (column E) 0.46 (column E), 260.07 201.11 145.02 144.03 260.12 201.02 144.99 143.96 248 NyN NHMe Br N-yN NMe2 100ml), r.t. SM-05 dg, MeONa (0.5M in MeOH, 100ml), 1 day, r.t SM-05 dg), MeNH2 (2Min THF, 100 ml), r.t. SM-05 dg), Me2NH 2Min THF, 100 ml), r.t. 0.91 (column E) 0.84 (column E) 1.24 (column E) 188.97 187.99 202.00 188.91 187.94 201.98 b. Preparation of 2-bromo-5,6-disubstituted-pyrazine To a flask, an appropriate pyrazine (1.0 equivalent) and a nucleophile, such as amine or sodium alkoxide in an exess amount were combined in a solvent such as water or THF or without solvent The reaction was either stirred at room temperature or under heating for one to three days. After all the solvents were removed, a residue was collected and used in the further steps without any purification. Starting Material N Gl C1 SM-06 SM-06 SM-06 N cH SM-06 Product MeHN Cl Reaction Condition SM-06 (100 mg), propylamine (2 ml), r.t. SM-06 (100 mg), Me2NH (2M in THF5 10 ml) or Me2NH (40% in water, 10 ml), r.t. SM-06 (100 mg), Me2NH (40% in water, 10 ml), 100°C SM-06 (100 mg), MeNH2 (2MinTHF, 10 ml), r.t Rf (minutes) 1.28 (column C) 1.21 (column Q 0.49 (column C) 0.72 (column C) MS (M+H) + Cald. 172.06 158.05 167.13 144.03 MS (M+H)+ Obsv. 172.09 158.07 167.19- 144.07 H2N Cl SM-06 (100 mg),NH40H (10 ml), 100°C 0.41 (column C) 162.04 (M+Me OH+H) H- 162.06 (M+MeO H+H)+ Step two To a flask, the crude pyrazine derivative obtained from the step one (1.0 equivalent) and a nucleophile, such as amine or sodium aUcoxide in an exess amount were combined in a solvent such as water or THF or without solvent. The reaction was either stirred at room temperature or under heating for one to three days. After all the solvents were removed, a residue was collected and used in the further steps without any purification. Starting Material WleHN C SM-07 H2N Cl SM-08 Product HN Reaction Condition SM-07 (2 g), MeONa (12.5 wt%, 100ml, 100°C SM-08 (2 g), MeONa (12.5 wt%, 20ml), 100°C SM-07 (2 g),MeNH2 (40% in water, 100 ml), 110°C Rf (minutes) 0.28 (column C) 0.28 (column C) 0.34 (column C) MS Cald. 140.08 158.13 139.10 MS (M+H)+ Obsv. 140.14 158.09 139.13 251 Step three To a flask, the crude pyrazine derivative obtained from the step two (1.0 equivalent) was dissolved in methylene chloride. A slightly excess of bromine was then added into the mixed solution. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for ten hours. After all the solvents were removed, a residue was collected and purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired product Starting General procedure of the preparation of 2-alkyl-5-bromo-pyrimide: To a sealed tube, 5-bromo-2-iodopyrimidine (1.0 equivalent), trialkylalumimim (1.5 equivalent) and tetrakis-triphenylphospbine palladium, Pd(Pb.3P)4 (1.0 mol%) were combined in dioxane(10 mL). The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into water. The solution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired 2-alkyl-5-bromopvrirnidine product R3A1 Me3Al (i-Bu)3Al Product Me B Rf (minutes) 0.90 (column E) 1.45 (column E) MS Cald. 172.94 215.02 MS (M+H)+ Obsv. 172.97 214.99 Prep of triazine stannane for Stille coupling to prepare examples of claim 1. (the sulfur can thenbe removed with Raney Nickel to give additional desulfurized triazines). 2,2,6,6-tetramettiylpiperidine (2.0ml, ll.Slmmol) in 30ml of THF was cooled to - 78oC and treated with n-butyllithium (4.7ml, ll.81mm.ol, 2.5M in hexane). After stirring SOmin at OoC, the reaction was cooled to -78oC again and 3-methylthio- 1,2,4-triazine (l.Og, 7.87mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at - 78oC for SOmin before tributyltin chloride (2.1ml, 7.87mmol) was added. The reaction was kept at -78oC for Ihr, then quenched with water. The THF solvent was removed on rotarory evaporator and the remaining solution was extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was chromatographed to afford 96mg of 3-methylthio-6- tributyltin-1,2,4-triazine. 1HNMR (SOOHz, CHC13): 8.83 (s, 1H); 2.62 ( s, 3H); 2.04 - 0.79 (m, 27H). LC/MS: ( ES+) WZ (M+H)+ = 418, RT = 2.29min. Precursor 13a To a mixture of 5q (50 mg, 105 umol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (25 mg, 21 [imol) was added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and vinyl tributylstannane (50 mg, 158 umol). The reaction mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 3 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of Precursor 13a using the method: Start %B = 30, Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 7.92 - 8.58 min. XH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.61 (s, IH), 8.37 (s, IH), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 7.31 (dd, J= 17.3, 11.3, IH), 6.50 (d, /= 17.3, IH), 5.97 (d, /= 11.3, IH), 3.97 - 3.38 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 423,425; HPLC Rt = 1.887. Precursor 14 To a mixture of precursor 5q (30 mg, 63 (Limol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (20 mg, 17 uinol) was added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and 1-tributylstannyl propyne (40 mg, 122 (jinol). The reaction mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 2 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of precursor 14 (l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(4-chloro-7-prop-l-ynyl-lHpyrrolo[ 2,3-c]pyridni-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione) using the method: Start %B = 20, Final %B = 80, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 8.74 - 9.00 min. JH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.47 (s, IH), 8.27 (s, IH), 7.46 (b s, 5H), 3.82 - 3.34 (b m, 8H), 2.26 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 435,437; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 2.123. Precursor 15 To a solution of precursor 5q (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DMF (1 ml) was added CuCN (30 mg, 0.335 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 170°C for 30 min. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH (15 ml), filtered under gravity, and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo to afforded a brownish residue. To the residue in EtOH (3 ml) at ambient temperature was bubbled hydrogen chloride gas for 10 minutes to give a yellow solution, which was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 85, Gradient time = 15 min, How Rate = 40 rruVmin, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 um 30 x 100 mm, Fraction Collection: 10.40 - 10.85 min; XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.42 (b s, 5H), 3.95 - 3.41 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) ra/z (M+H) = 440,442; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.820. Precursor 16 Preparation of precursor 16: To a suspension of precursor 15 (6 ing, 13 jimol) in a mixture of AcOH (0.5 ml) and Ac2O (1.0 ml) at 0°C was charged with sodium nitrite (17 mg, 246 pinol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min. and then at ambient temperature for 1 hour. After addition of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA solvate of the title compound using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 80, Gradient time =15 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC C18 Sum 20 x. 100mm, Fraction Collection: 9.48 - 10.03 min. JH NMR: (DMSO-rf6) 5 12.76 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, /= 3.0, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 3.97 - 3.47 (b m, overlapping with water peak, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 441, 443; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.530. Ref: Amide hydrolysis: Evans, D. A.; Carter, P. H.; Dinsmore, C. J.; Barrow, J. C.; Katz, J. L.; Kung, D. W. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997,35,4535 and references cited therein. 256 Additional Piperazine Precursors (Benzoyl)-2-methylpiperazine, Precursor 17a, was prepared according to the procedure described in Ref. 90(b). H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 57.47 (m, 5H), 3.30- 2.70 (m, 7H), 1.36 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) 5171.0,135.4, 129.7, 128.5,126.3,48.5,44.3,14.5;2 HRMS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2H17N2O 205.1341, found 205.1341. (R)-W-(BenzoyI)-2-methylpiperazine, Precursor 17b, was prepared according to the procedure described in Ref. 90(b). H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 57.41 (m, 5H), 3.31-2.70 (m, 7H), 1.35 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for Ci2Hi7N20:205.13; Found 205.16. HPLC retention time: 0.51 minutes (column L). (S)-JV-(Benzoyl)-2-methylpiperazuie, Precursor 17c, was prepared according to the procedure described in Ref. 90(b). JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3D) 57.41 (m, 5H), 3.31- 2.72 (m, 7H), 1.35 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz). MS m/z: (M+Hf Calcd for Ci2Hi7N2O: 205.13; Found 205.16. HPLC retention time: 0.50 minutes (column L). Some carbon peaks are missing due to the overlap of signals. JV-(Benzoyl)-2-ethylpiperazine, Precursor 17d, was prepared according to the procedure described in Ref. 90(b).. JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 67.49 (m, 5H), 3.34-2.80 (m, 7H), 2.10-1.70 (m, 2H), 0.85 (b, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) 8171.5,135.1,129.8,128.5,126.5,48.5,46.0,43.9,21.8, 9.6;2HRMS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci3H19N2O 219.1497, found 219.1501. Preparation of Compounds of Formula I EXAMPLE 1 Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic boron reagent (An example of the general procedure described below for examples 2-14): Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]- piperazine is an example of Step E as described in Scheme 15. To a sealed tube, 1- (benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chIoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 5a, (20 mg, 0.049 mmol), 4-fluorophenylboronic acid, Precursor 14a-9, (8.2 mg, 0.059 mmol), Pd(Ph3P)4 (5 mg) and K2CO3 (20 mg, 0.14 mmol) were combined in 1.5 mL of DMF and 1.5 mL of water. The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it was poured into 20 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20 mL). The combined extract was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give compound l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4- fluorophenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1.8 mg, 7.9%). MS m/z: (M+H)H"Calc'dforC27H24EN4O3: 471.18; found 471.08. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column A). EXAMPLES 2-14 Examples 2-14 were prepared according to the following general method in a manner analogous to the preparation of Example 1. Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic boron reagent: To a sealed tube, an appropriately substituted azaindole precursor (0.049 mmol), an appropriate boronic acid derivative (0.059 mmol), Pd(Ph3P)4 (5 mg) and K2CO3 (20 mg, 0.14 mmol) were combined in 1.5 mL of DMF and 1.5 mL of water. The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it was poured into 20 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20 mL). The combined extract was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the desired compound. EXAMPLE 2 Example 2, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and 4-chlorophenyl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-10, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC27H24FN4O3: 473.14; found 473.13. HPLC retention time: 1.43 minutes (column B). Example 3, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and 3-amino-4-methylphenyl boronic acid, Precursor 14a259 11, to provide l-benzoyl-3-®-methyl-4-[(7-(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl] piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^n^ON.^: 482.22; found 482.25. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column B). Example 4, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and 4-hydroxycarbonylphenyl boronic acid, Precursor" 14a- 12, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd fort^H^CMtCb: 483.17; found 483.10. HPLC retention time: 1.00 minutes (column A). Example 5, was prepared according to the general method described above froml-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl boronic acid, Precursor I4a-13, to provide l-benzoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' time: 1.41 minutes (column B). : 497.18; found 497.03. HPLC retention Example 6, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and furan-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-3-®- mefliyl-4-[(7-(furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd forC25H23N4O4: 443.17; found 443.12. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE Example 7, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and furan-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7- (furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI] piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC24H2iN4O4: 429.16; found 428.98. HPLC retention time: 1.36 minutes (column A). Example 8, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and benzofuran-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4- [(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineMS m/z: (M+H)* Calc'd forC28H23N4O4: 479.17; found 479.09. HPLC retention time: 1.67 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 9 Example 9, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and tbien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-3-®- methyl-4-[(7-(thien-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H23N4O3S: 459.15; found 459.10. HPLC retention tune: 1.20 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 10 Example 10, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and pyridin-4-yl boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(7- (pyridin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H22N5O3:440.17; found 440.10. HPLC retention time: 0.97 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 11 Example 11, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and quinolin-8-yl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-14, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(quinoHn-8-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/K (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^H^Ws: 490.19; found 490.09. HPLC retention time: 1.34 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 12 MeO Example 12, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidin-5-yl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-4, to provide l-benzoyl-3-®-methyM-[(7-(2,4-dmiethoxy-pyriinidin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H) Calc' 515.20; found 515.28. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 13 Example 13, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2,4-dimethoxypvrimidin-5-yl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-4, to provide l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(2,4-6^ethoxy-pyrimidui-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 5H), 4.15 (s, 3H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.64- 3.34 (m, 8H). MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CigHasNeOe: 531.20; found 531.26. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 14 OMe Example 14, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-4-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(pvridin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z; (M+H)"1" Cald for CaeKW^CU: 470.18; found 470.32. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 15 Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic tin reagent (An example of the general procedure described below for examples 16-53): Preparation of Example 15, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(l,ldimemylethylaminocarbonyl)- pvrazm-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineis an example of Step E as described in Scheme 15. To a sealed tube, l-benzoyl-4-[(7- chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 5b, (20 mg), 2- (l,l-dimethylethylaminocarbonyl)-5-tributylstannyl-pyrazine (1.2 equivalents, 27 mg.) and Pd(Ph3P)4 (1 mg) were combined in 1.5 mL of dioxane. The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into 5 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4x5 mL). The combined extract was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give compound 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-( 1,1 -dimemylethylarninocarbonyl)-pyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsoHsaNyOs: 570.25; found 570.43. HPLC retention time: 1.83 minutes (column B). EXAMPLES 16-54 Examples 16-54 were prepared according to the following general procedure by a method analogous to the method described for the preparation of Example 15. Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic tin reagent: To a sealed tube, an appropriate azaindole (0.049 mmol), an appropriate stannane (0.059 mmol) and Pd(Ph3P)4 (1 mg) were combined in 1.5 mL of dioxane. The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it was poured into 5 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc ( 4 x 5 mL). The combined extract was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the desired compound. EXAMPLE 16 Example 16, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^EbNgOs:455.18; found 455.17. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column B). Example 17, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(pyrunidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forCasIfeNeC^: 441.17; found 441.07. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 18 Example 18, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and pyridin-3-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-2, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(^)-methyl-4-[(7-(pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineMS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd fo^eEbiNsOs: 454.19; found 454.17. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A). Example 19, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and pyridin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-19, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H22N5O3:440.17; found 440.07. HPLC retention time: 1.40 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 20 Example 20, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(tMazol-2-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS wz/z:(M+H)+Calc'd forC24H22N5O3S: 460.14; found 460.15. HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column B). Example 21, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H)"1" Calc'dforCaaBbNsOaS: 446.13; found 446.03. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 22 Example 22, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylpyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide 1-benzoyl- 4-[(4-memoxy-7-(l-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N604:473.19; found 473.28. HPLC retention time: 1.18 minutes (column B). Example 23, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Intermeidiate 14-9 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(pyrida2in-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHbNeCv 471.18; found 471.26. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 24 Example 24, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2-amiaopyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, to provide 1- benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(2-amino-pyrimidin-5-yl))-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for for C25H24N7O4:486.19: found 486.24. HPLC retention time: 1.19 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 25 Example 25, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-3-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-2, to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazrne; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHyNsC^: 470.18; found 470.19. HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 26 Example 26, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2-aminopyrazin-5-yl trimethyltin, Precursor 14-28, to provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[(4-me1hoxy-7-(2-ainino-pyrazhi-5-yl))-6-azarndol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHiwNvO^ 486.19; found 470.19. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 27 Example 27, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylimidazol-2-yl trimethyltin, Precursor 14-5, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methyl-imidazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHasNcO- 473.18; found 473.27. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 28 Example 28, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylpyrrol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-15, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methyl-pyrrol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26NsO4:472.20; found 470.26. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 29 Example 29, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5i and l-methylpyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide 1-benzoyl- 4-[(4-fluoro-7-(l-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azauidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22FN6O3:461.17; found 461.24. HPLC retention time: 1.36 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 30 Example 30, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5i and pyridazin-4-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-8, to provide 1- benz»yl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyridazin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 9.72 (s, 1H), 9.39 (s, 1H), 8.42 (m, 2H), 8.22 (s, 1H), 7.47 (s, 5H), 3.84 - 3.38 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H) Calcd for C24H2oFN6O3:459.16; found 459.25. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 32 Example 32, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1- benzoyl^[(4-methoxy-7-(pvrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine;MS mfz: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C^KtaNeOj: 471.18; found 471.17. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 33 Example 33, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^H^Cs: 455.18; found 455.26. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 34 Example 34, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5g and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1- benzoyW-[(7-(pvrazin-2-yl)-6-a2;aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C24H2iN6O3:441.17; found 441.22. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A), EXAMPLE 35 Example 35, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1- (benzoyl)^-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Ca-fHzzNsOaS: 476.14; found 476.20. HPLC retention time: 1.25 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 36 Example 36, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-19, to provide l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS TH/Z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H24N5O4: 470.18; found 470.17. HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column A). EXAMPLES37 Example 37, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5j and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+: 478.13; found 478.13. HPLC retention time: 1.34 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE38 Example 38, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5i and pyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4- fluoro-7-(pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaHaoFNeOs: 447.16; found 447.15. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 39 Example 39, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(pvrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H23N6O4:459.18; found 459.21. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 40 ' Example 40, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy-7-(pyrinBdin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+Hf Calc'd for CzsEbNgCfc 471.18; found 471.20. HPLC retention time: 1.61 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 41 Example 41, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5j and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine;1HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 9.26 (m, 3H), 8.39 (m, 2H), 7.56 (m, 5H), 4.72 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.40 - 0.91 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H22FN6O3:473.17; found 473.17. HPLC retention time: 1.34 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 42 Example 42, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5i and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-fluorc)-7-(pyrimidm-5-yl)-6-azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H2oFN6O3:459.16; found 459.14. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A). Example 43 Example 43, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-memyM-[(7-(2,4-dimemoxy-pyrimidin-5 yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd 515.20; found 515.28. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 44 Example 44, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5a and 2,3-dichloropyrazin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-66, to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-rnethyl-4-[(7-(2,3-dichloro-pyrazni-5-yl) -6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+Na)+ Calc'd for CasEboQzNaNsOa: 545.09; found 545.29, HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 45 Example 45, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2-ethoxythiazol-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-71, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethoxy-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+HT Calc'd for: 520.17; found 520.24. HPLC retention time: 1.32 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 46 Example 46, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and the 2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl stannane, Precursor 14-68, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasEkiNyC^: 486.19; found 486.3 1 . HPLC retention time: 1 .22 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 47 Example 47, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2-memylsiuonylarnino-5-(tri-n-burylstannyl)pyrazine, Precursor 14-69, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-memylsulfonylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc' 564.17; found 564.21. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 48 MeO N OMe Example 48, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 2,4-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-6-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-70, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2,4-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N7O6: 532.19; found 532.12. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 49 Example 49, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and pyrimidin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-67, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy-7-(pyrimidiD-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2ine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^IfeNeCU: 471.18; found 471.29. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 50 Example 50, was prepared froml-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-chloro-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, according to the general method above to provide l-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (tbiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H25N6O4S: 477.13; found 477.22. HPLC retention time: 0.98 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 51 Example 51, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5d and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-me%W-t(7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"4" Calc'd for CasH^NeOa: 455.18; found 455.16. HPLC retention time: 0.98 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 52 Example 52, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5d and pyrimidin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyl^[(7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;> MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHaaNeCb: 455.18; found 455.16. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 53 Example 53, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5d and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1- benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS m/z: (M+H)* Calc'd for CaNsOaS: 460.14; found 460.26. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 54 Example 54, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5d and 2-ethoxythiazol-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-71, to pro\ddel-berizoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(7-(2-emoxy-thiazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C26H26N5O4S: 504.17; found 4504.18. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 55 The compound of Example 15, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(l,ldrmemylemylarnmocarbonyl)- pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (20 mg) was dissolved in 1 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid. After 30 minutes, the mixture was diluted with 2 mL of methanol. The resulting solution was injected into a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System and the HPLC purification afforded the compound of Example 55, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-aminocarbonyl-pyra2in285 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2dne (1 mg); MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 5: 514.78; found 514.22. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column B). EXAMPLE 56 An excess of NHLfCl (27mg) was added into a solution of l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)- methyl-4-[(6-cyano-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (20 mg) and NaNa (16 mg) in DMF. The reaction was heated to reflux for 12 h. After cooling down, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4- [(6-(tetrazol-l-yl)-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (6.3mg). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Ca^iNsOs: 445.17; Found 3445.16. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column B); Column B: PHX-LUNA CIS 4.6 x 30 mm. EXAMPLE 57 Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7- (memoxymethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Precursor 13 (267 mg), N,0-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrogen chloride (248 mg), carbon tetrabromide (844 mg), pyridine (202 mg) and triphenylphosphine (668 mg) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. After solvent was removed under vaccum, the residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography to afford l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7- (memoxymethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (56 mg); MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C24H26N5O5:464.19; found 464.25. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 58 Example 58 was prepared according to the same procedure used in preparing Example 57 with the exception of using Precursor 11 as a starting material instead of Precursor 13. The procedure provided l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-(7- (memoxymemylamino)carbonyl)-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasClNsOs: 498.15; found 498.12. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column A). General procedure A to prepare CO-NR1R2 fromCOOH EXAMPLE 59 287 Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7- (m.ethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Precursor 11 (25 mg), methylamine (2M in THF, 0.08 mL), EDC (26 mg), HOBT (11.2 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (43 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. After the solvent was removed under vaccum, the residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography to afford l-benzoyl-3-(R)- memyl[(5-cUoro-7-(methylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (13.6 mg); MS m/z: M+H)+ Calc'd for CHaClNsCvt: 468.14; found 468.03. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A). This general produre A is applied to prepare examples 94 and 135: EXAMPLE 94 Example 94,1 -benzoyl-[(4-memoxy-7-(2-memylarninocarbQnyl-furan-5-yl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.37 (s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.48 - 7.26 (m, 7H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.83 - 3.44 (m, 8H), 2.96 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H26N5O6:516.19; found 516.14. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 135 Example 135, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(4-trifluoromethylbenzylamino) carbonyl-4-a2aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3oH27F3N5O4: 578.20; found 578.39. HPLC retention time: 1.47 minutes (column G). General procedure B to prepare CO-NR1R2 fromCOOH 289 Preparation of Example 136, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methylthiazol- 2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: To a solution of (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-hydroxylcarbonyl-4-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (146mg) in DMF (5ml) at room temperature was added pentafluorophenyl (70.3mg) followed by EDC (73.23mg)i The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. The crude product was diluted with methylene chloride and was washed with water, 0.1N HC1 and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The pentafluorophenyl ester was used in the following reaction without further purification. To a stirred solution of 4-methyI-2-amino-thiazole (39.6mg) and Hunig's base (49.4mg) in DMF (5ml) at room temperature was added a solution of pentafluorophenyl ester (1/3 of the product obtained in the previous step described above) in DMF (2 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The crude product was diluted with methylene chloride and was washed with Na2CO3 (sat.) and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl^[(7^4-memyllhiazol-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4- azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (3.6mg). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H25N6O4S: 517.17; found 517.41. HPLC retention time: 1.25 minutes (column A). This general produre B is applied to prepare example 137: EXAMPLE 137 Example 137, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mfz: (M+H)"1" Calc'dfor 503.15; found 503.29. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE60 Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(imidazol-2-yl)-4- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperaziae: A mixture of Precursor 10 (34 mg), glyoxal (40% in water, 0.2 mL) and ammonia acetate (139 mg) in methanol was heated up to reflux for 10 hours. After cooling down, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(5-criloro-7-(imidazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1.8 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 477.14; found 477.13. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 61 Example 61 was prepared according to the same procedure used for preparing Example 60 with the exception of using methylglyoxal as a starting material instead of. glyoxal to providel-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyW-[(5-chloro-7-(4-methyl-imidazol-2- yl)-4-azdndol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 491.16; found 491.13. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 62 Example 62 was prepared according to the same procedure used for preparing Example 60 with the exception of using dimethylglyoxal as a starting material instead of glyoxal to provide l-benzoyl-3-(^)-methyl[(5-chloro-7-(4,5-dimethyl-imidazol- 2-yl)-4-azarndol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme; MS m/z: (M+H) Calcd for C26H26C1N6O3: 505.18; found 505.10. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 63 Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(oxazol-5-yl)-4- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Precursor 10 (27.6 mg), tosylmethyl isocyanide (12.3 mg) and KjCOs (8.7 mg) in MeOH was heated up to reflux for 10 hours. After cooling down, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(oxazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (17.7 mg); MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc' 478.13; found 478.03. HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 64 Step 1: Preparation of 1-64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2- propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine: Propynyllithium (21 mg) was added to a solution of Example 52 (41 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml) at -78°C. The reaction was quenched with methanol at -25°C in 2 hours. After solvents were removed under vaccum, the residue was carried to the further reactions without any purification. 293 1-64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C^HzzCESUCU:477.13; found 477.17. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column A). Step 2: Preparation of Example 64: Example 64 Preparation of Example 64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(3- methyl-pyrazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of 1-64 (crude product from Step 1) and hydrazine (0.22 mL) in EtOAc (2 mL) and water (2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Then solvents were removed under vaccum, and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-5- yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (9 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for QzsHClNdOs: 491.16; found 491.19. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column A). EXAMPLES 65-67 The procedure for the preparation of Examples 65-67 is the same as that described previously for the preparation of Precursor 5a and is as follows: Potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindole-3-glyoxylate, Precursor 4c (147 mg, 0.44 mmol), an appropriate 1-benzoylpiperazine derivative (0.44 mmol), 3- (dietiioxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3fl)-one (DEPBT) (101 mg, 0.44 mol) and Hunig' s Base (0.5 mL) were combined in 5 mL of DMF. The mixture was stirred at rt for 8 h. DMF was removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the residue was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give the corresponding l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]- piperazine derivative. EXAMPLE 65 Example 19, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(7-(4-methoxy)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4- azaindole-3-glyoxylate and J-(benzoyl)piperazine according to the above general procedure. MS nz/z: (M+H)+ Calcd forCzvHC: 469.19; found 469.16. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 66 Example 66, l-benzoyl-3-(S)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxy)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4- azaindole-3-glyoxylate and the corresponding l-(benzoyl)-3-methylpiperazine according to the above general procedure. MS m/z: (M+H)'1' Calc'd 483.20; found 483.17. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 67 MeO Example 67, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxyplienyl)-4-azaindol-3- yl)oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4- azaindole-3-glyoxylate and the corresponding l-benzoyl-3-methylpiperazine according to the above general procedure. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc' 483.20; found 483.16. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A). EXAMPLES 68-79 and 81 Examples 68-79 and 81 were prepared according to the same general method as previously described for Examples 16-54. EXAMPLE 68 Example 68, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2,4- dunethoxypvrimidin-6-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2,6- dunemoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. :H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8.20 (s, IH), 8.13 (s, IH), 7.52 (s, IH), 7.42 (m, 5H), 4.11 (s, 3H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 4.00 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H27N6O6: 531.20; found 531.24. HPLC retention time: 1.54 minutes (column A). Example 69, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methoxypvridin-3-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.69 (s, IH), 8.63 (s, IH), 8.11 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 7.10 (d, IH, J = 8.65 Hz), 4.16 (s, 3H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 4.00 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS mix: (M+Hf Calcd for €27^6^65:500.09; found 500.20. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 70 Example 70, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-diethylamino-thiazol- 4-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyM-[(4-memoxy-7-(2emyIamino-thiazol-4-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.47 (s, IH), 7.97 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.64 (m, 12H), 1.35 (m, 6H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN6O4S: 547.21; found 547.22. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 71 Example 71, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thioazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-) 8 9.19 (s, IH), 8.64 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH), 8.11 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.55 (m, 8H). MS nz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O4S: 476.14; found 476.17. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 72 Example 72, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-dimethylaminopyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H28N7O4: 514.22; found 514.29. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 73 Example 73, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the furan-2-yl stannane to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C25H23N4O5:459.17; found 459.25. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 74 Example 74, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(oxazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 9.19 (s, IH), 8.64 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH), 8.11 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.55 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O5: 460.16; found 460.23. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A). Example 75, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-aminopyridin-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-aminopyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CzelfeNeO^ 485.19; found 485.24. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 76 Example 76, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methylpyridin-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methyl-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C27H26N5O4:484.20; found 484.22. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 77 Example 77, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methoxypyridin-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS jn/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C27H26N5O5: 500.19; found 500.23. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 78 Example 78, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-acetylamino-thiazol- 5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-acetylamino-thiazol-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calcd 533.16; found 533.18. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 79 Example 79, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-ethylamino-pyrazin-5- yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol~3-yl)-oxoacetyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M-fH)+ Calcd for Cz 514.22; found 514.18. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 88 Example 88, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-ethyl-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-t(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethyl-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N5O4S: 504.17; found 514.32. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 89 Example 89, was prepared from Precursor 5k and the 2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-isobutyI-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H28N5O3S: 502.19; found 502.26. HPLC retention time: 1.56 minutes (column E). . EXAMPLE 90 Example 90, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CHsoNsCS: 532.20; found 532.27. HPLC retention time: 1.57 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 91 OMe Example 91, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(2-butyl)-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-metboxy-7-(2-(2-butyl)-tbiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3oN5O4S: 532.20; found 532.27. HPLC retention time: 1.57 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 92 Example 92, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(thiazol-2-yl)-thiazol- 5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(thiazol-2-yl)-thiazol-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Cav 559.12; found 559.18. HPLC retention time: 1.55 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 93 Example 93, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylthio-thiazol-5- yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylthio-thiazol-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd 522.13; found 522.17. HPLC retention tkne: 1.45 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 95 Example 95, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 59.89 (s, IS), 8.70 - 8.34 (m, 4H), 7.46 (m, 5H), 3.80 - 3.50 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2 459.16; found 459.33. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 100 Example 100, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylamino-3- methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2- methylamino-3-methoxy-pyrazia-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 68.65 (s, IH), 8.43 (s, IH), 7.95 (s, IH), 7.45 (m, 5H), 4.21 (s, 3H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.89 - 3.32 (m, 8H), 3.06 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Cav^NvOs: 530.22; found 530.19. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 101 Example 101, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-amhio-3-methoxypyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-3-methoxypyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.67 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH), 7.96 (s, IH), 7.48 (m, 5H), 4.22 (s, 3H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.92 - 3.32 (m, 8H). MS ?n/z: (M+H)+ Calc' HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column A). : 516.20; found 516.23. EXAMPLE 102 Example 102, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane to provide l-picoliaoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.59 (s, 1H), 8.79 - 7.51 (m, 8H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.95 -3.34 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for 472.17; found 472.25. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 103 Example 103, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-dtmeth.ylaminopyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-picolmoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-dimethylarninopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M-fH)+ Calc'd for 4: 515.22; found 515.16. HPLC retention time: 1.29 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 104 Example 104, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-aza-benzofuran-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(6-aza-benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 88.48 (d, IH, /= 8.5 Hz), 8.36 (s, IH), 8.30 (s, IH), 8.02 (s, IH), 7.64 (d, IH, J= 8.55 Hz), 7.41 (m, 4H), 6.92 (s, IH), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.87 - 3.38 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 510.18; found 510.33. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 105 Example 105, was prepared from Precursor 5m and the 2-dimethylaminopyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for a: 499.22; found 499.27. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 106 Example 106, was prepared from Precursor 5n and the 2-dimethylarninopyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 69.08 - 7.49 (m, 9H), 5.00 - 3.15 (m, 13H), 1.44 - 1.27 (m, 3H). MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H27N8O3:499.22; found 499.27. HPLC retention time: 1.19 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 109 Example 109, was prepared from Precursor 5m and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4~t(7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine.. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 69.42 - 7.49 (m, 9H), 4.98 - 3.14 (m, 7H), 1.43 -1.26 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2iN6O3S: 461.14; found 461.28. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE HO Example 110, was prepared from Precursor 5n and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine.. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.44 - 7.48 (m, 9H), 4.98 - 3.15 (m, 7H), 1.43 -1.26 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2iN6O3S: 461.14; found 461.27. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 111 Example 111, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.68 - 7.45 (m, 10H), 4.89 - 3.13 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 0.99 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'c 470.19; found 470.31. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 112 Example 112, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyridin-6-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. :H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.65 - 6.89 (m, 11H), 4.90 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 0.99 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 469.20; found 469.32. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 113 Example 113, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyridin-5-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-memyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyridin-5-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.75 - 7.19 (m, 11H), 4.91 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.38 - 1.25 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 469.20; found 469.34. HPLC retention time: 1.05 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 114 Example 1 14, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 5-amino-pyridin-2-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(5-amino-pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. XH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.67 - 7.20 (m, 11H), 4.88 - 3.13 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 1.25 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd 469.20; found 469.33. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 115 Example 115, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylaminopyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylaminopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.90 (s, IH), 8.61 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.92 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.85 - 3.40 (m, 8H), 3.02 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CasHaeNvCU: 500.20; found 500.23. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 116 Example 116, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(2-pyrrolidinon-lyl)- thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-((2-pyrrolidinon-lyl)- thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H27N6O5S2: 559.18; found 559.11. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 117 Example 117, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methoxy-pyrimidin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyM-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyrimidin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd 501.19; found 501.12. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column E). EXAMPLE 118 Example 118, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(pyrrol-l-yl)- pyrimidin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(pyrrol-l-yl)- pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for 4: 536.20; found 536.33. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 119 Example 119, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the pyrimidin-4-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-raethoxy-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.29 (s, IH), 8.88 (d, IH, / = 5.4 Hz), 8.48 (d, IH, /= 5.25 Hz), 8.26 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.85 - 3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O4: 471.18; found 471.32. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 120 Example 119, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the pyridazin-3-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyridazin-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.16 (s, IH), 8.77 (d, IH, 7 = 8.5 Hz), 8.26 (d, IH, /= 3.05 Hz), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.68 (m, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.85 - 3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O4:471.18; found 471.16. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 125 Example 125, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the pyrimidin-4-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.36 (s, IH), 8.96 (d, IH, / = 5.35 Hz), 8.58 (d, IH, / = 5.10 Hz), 8.43 (s, IH), 8.38 (s, 1H)S 7.43 (m, 5H), 3.85 - 3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H2oFN6O2: 459.16; found 459.15. HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 126 Example 126, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to provide (R)-1 -benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(oxazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O4: 444.17; found 444.25. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 131 Example 131, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the thiazol-2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(thiazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2oN5O3S: 446.13; found 446.04. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 80 Preparation of Example 80, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-thioazol-5- yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Example 78 (9 mg), TFA (3 mL) and water (1 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 10 hours. After solvent was removed under vaccum, the residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography to afford l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-thioazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine (3 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^aNeOsS: 491.15; found 491.21. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 81 Example 81, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the furan-3-yl stannane to provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(furan-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O5: 459.17; found 459.24. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 150 Example 150, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 5-amino-pyrazin-2-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-melByl-4-[(7-(5-amino-pvrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS ni/z: (M+H) Calc'd for CasEkityOs: 470.19; found 470.19. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 153 Example 153, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyrirnidin-5-yl stannane to provide (U)-l-benzoyl-3-memyl^[(7-(2-amino-pyrirnidin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mix: (M+H) Calc'd for 470.19; found 470.22. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 170 COOH Example 170, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 4-borono-bezoic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(hydoxylcarbonyl-benzen-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS in/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagH^Os: 497.18; found 497.10. HPLC retention time: 1.25 minutes (column H). EXAMPLE 171 Example 171, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methyl-pyrimidin-5- yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methyl-pyrirnidin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 485.19; found 485.20. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 172 Example 172, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 5-indole boronic acid to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(iQdol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H25N6O4: 509.19; found 509.33. HPLC retention time: 1. 14 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 173 Example 173, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the thiazol-4-yl stannane to provide 1-picolinoyl -4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H2iN6O4S: 477.13; found 477.06. HPLC retention time: 0.92 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 174 Example 174, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the thiazol-4-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O4S: 476.14; found 476.13. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 175 Example 175, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(Ndietiiylandnoethyl- N-methyl)aniinopyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(2-(N-diethylarrdnoemyl-N-methyl)amhiopyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C32H39N8O4: 599.31; found 599.29. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column G). EXA1VDPLE176 Example 176, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(Ndirnethylaminoethyl- N-methyl)aminopyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-o^emylaininoemyl-N-memyl)arnmopyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3oH35N8O4: 571.28; found 571.23. HPLC retention time: 1.06 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 177 Example 177, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(N-piperazinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-piperazinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C29H3iN8O4:555.25; found 555.19. HPLC retention time: 1.05 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 178 Example 178, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(4-morpholinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(4-morpholinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 5: 556.23; found 556.18. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 179 Example 179, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-ethylaminopyrazin-5- yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethylaminopyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc' 515.22; found 515.14. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 180 Example 1 80, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-methylpyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylpyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^HiM^CU: 486.19; found 486.16. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 181 Example 181, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-cyclopropanylpyrazin- 5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-cyclopropanylpyrazm- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2ine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for : 512.20; found 512.12. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 182 Example 182, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd 502.18; found 502.08. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 183 Example 183, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-benzofuran boronic acid to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C28H24N5O5: 510.18; found 510.08. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 184 Example 184, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2- diethylaminocarbonyl-pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy- 7-(2-dieraylaminocarbonyl-pyrazm-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagHsiNgOs: 571.24; found 571.19. HPLC retention time: 1.55 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 185 Example 185, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-(N-pyrrolinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-pyrrolinyl)- pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C2gH29NgO4: 541.23; found 541.18. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 186 Example 186, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the quinoxalin-2-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(quinoxakin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C28H24NO4: 522.19; found 522.14. HPLC retention time: 1.68 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 194 Example 194, was prepared from Precursor 5v and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane to provide 2-methyl-l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS /n/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHjwNyO 486.19; found 486.14. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column G). Precursor 5i (16.5 mg, 0.05 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was treated with Nbenzoylpiperazine hydrochloride, DEBPT (15 mg, 0.05 mmol) and Hunig's base (34 jjiL, 0.2 mmol) at rt for 18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right LC/MSOBS) m/z (M+H)+ = 501 were collected, concentrated and purified again using a preparative TLC (5% MeOH/CHzQa) to afford the title compound as a white solid. 'H-NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 8 11.2 (s, IH), 10.0 (s, IH), 9.21 (s, 1 H), 8.51 (s, IH), 8.41 (s, IH), 8.40 (m, 1 H), 8.32 (s, IH), 7.62 (m, IH), 7.45 (m, 5H), 3.90-3.50 (bm, 8H). EXAMPLE 156 Example 156, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 4,4-dimethyloxazoIin- 2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4,4-dimethyloxazolin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor CayE 490.22. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column C). : 490.21; found EXAMPLE 169 Example 169, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(4- pyridinecarboxamido)-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-(4- pyridinecarboxamido)-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yI)-oxoacetyl]piperazrae. MSm/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsoHaeNyOsS: 596.17; found 596.14. HPLC retention time: 1.32 minutes (column C). EXAMPLES 82-86,98,107.108.129,130,132,133,134 Examples 82-86, 98, 107,108, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133 and 134 were prepared according to the general procedure as previously described for Examples 2- 14. EXAMPLE 82 Example 82, was prepared from Precursor 5b and thien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHasNS: 475.14; found 475.31. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 83 Example 83, was prepared from Precursor 5b and thien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiophen-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O4S: 475.14; found 475.33. HPLC retention time: 1.16 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 84 Example 84, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 5-carbonylthien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-carbonyl-thiophen-2-yl)-6- azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 503.14; found 503.23. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 85 Example 76, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 5-carbonylfuran-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-carbonyl-furan-2-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc' 487.16; found 487.28. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 86 Example 86, was prepared from Precursor 5d and 4-methylthien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHasN^aS: 473.16; found 473.26. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 98 Example 98, was prepared from Precursor 5d and 2-benzofuranyl boronic acid to provide 1 -benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-4-azamdol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8.24 (s, IH), 8.09 (s, IH), 7.70- 7.26 (m, 10H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.97 - 3.49 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 5: 509.18; found 509.18. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 107 Example 107, was prepared from Precursor 5m and 2-benzofuranyl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. !HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.77 - 7.38 (m, 12H), 4.99 - 3.16 (m, 7H), 1.44 - 1.27 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaB^NsC* 494.18; found 494.24. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 108 Example 108, was prepared from Precursor 5n and 2-benzofuranyl boronic acid to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H24N5O4: 494.18; found 494.23. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 127 Example 127, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the benzotbiophen-2-yl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(benzothiophen-2-yl)-4- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd 509.16; found 509.21. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 128 Example 128, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the tbiophen-2-yl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(thiophen-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CisEbWsS: 459.15; found 459.27. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 129 Example 129, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the thiophen-3-yl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(thiophen-3-yl)-4-azalndol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS ni/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHNS: 459.15; found 459.34. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 130 Example 130, was prepared from Precursor 5i and me 2,5-dimethyl-isoxazol- 4-yl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(2,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4- yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 472.20; found 472.28. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 132 Example 132, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 2-methylcarbonylthiophen- 5-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(2-methylcarbonyl-thiophen-5- yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS nz/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd 487.14; found 487.20. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 133 Example 133, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 2-carbonyI-thiophen-5- yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(2-carbonyl-thiophen-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H2iN4O4S: 473.13; found 473.11. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A). EXAMPLE 134 Example 134, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O3S: 459.15; found 459.08. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 152 Preparation of Example 152: To a mixture of acid precursor 16 (30 mg, 68 pimol), 3-aminopyridine (26 mg, 0.27 mmol) and DMAP (50 mg, 0.41 mmol) was added THF (2 ml), and then EDC (60 mg, 0.31 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours. The LC/MS analysis indicated that the major product was the activated ester. The reaction mixture was then added into a DMF (2 ml) solution of 3-aminopyridine (400 mg, 4.25 mmol) and stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours. After addition of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound using the method: Start %B =30, Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 25 min, How Rate = 25 ml/rnin, Column: YMC CIS 5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 10.41 - 11.08 min. JH NMR: (DMSO- 13.04 (s, 1H), 11.17 (s, 1H),.9.17 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.35 (m, 3H), 7.44 (b s, 6H), 3.75 - 3.37 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 517, 519; HPLC Rt = 1.653. EXAMPLE 143 Prep of Example 143: To a mixture of precursor 5q (31 mg, 65 \|J,mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (20 mg, 17 nmol) was added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and ii (30 mg, 78 jxmol). The reaction mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 4 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the tide compound using the method: Start %B = 25, Final %B = 90, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC C18 Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.14 - 11.92 min. XH NMR: (DMSO-d 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 7.44 (b s, 2H), 3.75 - 3.37 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 490, 492; HPLC Rt = 2.250. EXAMPLE 149 Preparation of Example 49: To a suspension of compound of Example 143 (12 mg, 24 nmol) in sulfuric acid (5%, 2 ml), was charged sodium nitrite (22 mg, 0.32 mol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes and then at ambient temperature for 1 hour. After addition of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give a TFA solvate of title compound using the method: Start %B = 20, Final %B = 85, Gradient time = 15 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS 5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 10.67- 11.36 min. JH NMR: (DMSOdg) d 12.62 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 491, 493; HPLC Rt = Preparation of Example 144: To a mixture of precursor 5q (50 mg, 105 jimol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (50 mg, 43 fimol) was added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and iii (77 mg, 210 jimol). The reaction mixture was 339 heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound of using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS 5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.80 - 12.31 min. XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8 9.32 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 2H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 4.00 - 3.44 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, 477; HPLC Rt = 1.833. EXAMPLE 87 Preparation of Example 87, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxycarbonylfuran- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of the compound of Example 85 (19 mg), NaClO2 (9.2 mg) in a mixed solution of CH3CN (3 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After the reaction was quenched by IN NaOH solution (1 ml), the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (3 x 10 mL). The aqueous phase was acidified with IN HC1 to give a yellow solid precipitate (5mg) which was the product shown. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for 503.16; found 503.19. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A). General Procedure of Converting -NH2 Group to -NHCOR Group Preparation of Example 99, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-acetylaminopyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2- amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI]piperazine (4mg) and acetic anhydride (20mg) were dissolved in pyridine (0.5ml). The reaction was stirred for three hours at room temperature. After reaction was quenched with MeOH (1ml), solvents were concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide 3.0 mg of the desired compound, 1- (benzoyI)^-[(4-memoxy-7-(2-acetylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.58 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.84 - 3.35 (m, 8H), 2.27 (s, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H26N7O5: 528.20; found 528.22. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A). General Procedure of Converting -NH2 Group to -OH Group Preparation of Example 97, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrazin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2- amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (15 mg) and NaNC^ (10 mg) was added into a I^SCU solution (O.lml of concentrated EbSCU diluted with 0.3 ml of water). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for one hour. Then, the reaction mixture was neutralized with a saturated NaaCOa solution (10 ml). The solvents were concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide 4.2mg of the desired compound, 1- (benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.55 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, IH), 8.01 (s, IH), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.84 - 3.64 (m, 8H). MS mlz: ' (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O5:487.17; found 487.22. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A). This general procedure is applied to prepare examples 121,122,123,124,155, 157, and 162. EXAMPLE 121 Example 121, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrazin- 6-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS jnlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for : 471.18; found 471.17. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 121-2 Example 121-2, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-4- oxo-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was isolated during the preparation of Example 121. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CHNeOs: 487.17; found 487.17. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 122 Example 122, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyridin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 4:470.18; found 470.17. HPLC retention time: 1.03 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 123 Example 123, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyridin- 6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+Calc'dfor : 470.18; found 470.14. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 124 Example 124, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-hydroxylpyridin- 2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for 4:470.18; found 470.13. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column G). Preparation of Example 138 Preparation of Example 138, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methylpyrazin- 2-on-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2- hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (6mg), Mel (5mg) and ICjCOs (4 mg)were dissolved in acetone (5 ml). The reaction was stirred for four hours at room temperature. After solid was filtered away, the mother liquid was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide 3.0 mg of the desked compound, l-(benzoyl)-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(l-methylpyrazin-2-on-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H25N6O5: 501.19; found 501.14. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 139 Precursor 4i was dissolved hi DMF (2 ml), and to which AT-benzoyI-(/?)- methylpiperazine hydrochloride (0.092 g, 0.45 mmol) and 3- (diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3/0-one (DEPBT, 0.180 g, 0.60 mmol) were added, followed by propylethylamine (0.15 ml, 0.87 mmol): The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at r.t., and then the volatile evaporated under high vacuum. Water was added to the mixture to induce precipitation, and the solids were filtered and dried in vacua. Purification of the crude solid by preparative thin layer chromatography (5% MeOH/ CHCk), and subsequent washing with ether gave the title compound; 1R NMR: (CDC13) 5 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 5.00-3.00 (b m, 7H), 1.45-1.20 (b s, 3H); LOMS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 521, 523; HPLC Rt = 1.677. Preparation of N-linked Azaindole Heterocylic Derivatives from the Corresponding Bromide or Chloride. An example of a typical procedure: A general reaction condition is shown with the preparation of example 187. Other analogs, examples 188 - 193, were preparaed via the same reaction condition. EXAMPLE 187 Preparation of compound of Example 187: Precursor 5b (30 mg), 1,2,4-triazole (145 mg), Cu (4.4 mg) and K2CO3 (9.6 mg) were combined in a sealed tube which was degassed before being sealed. The mixture was heated to 160°C for 8 hours. After being allowed to cool down to ambient temperature, the mixture was diluted with MeOH (14 ml) and dichloromethane (7 ml). After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLG System to provide 12.9 mg of the desired compound 187, 1- berizoyM-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+: 460.17; found 460.33. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 188 and EXAMPLE 188A Example 188 and 188A, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-triazole to provide Example 188 and Example 188A. Precursor 5z (0.050 g), 0.050g Cu powder, 0.025g K2CO3 and 6 equivalents of 1,2,3 triazole were heated at 150C for 16 hrs. The reaction was allow to cool to ambient temperature and was dissolved in MeOH and purified by Prep HPLC as described above in the general methods to provide Example 188 (0.023 7g brown solid,yield 44%) and the the other isomer Example 188a. Example 188, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H22N7O4: 460.17; found 460.34. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column J); 1.29 minutes (column L). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 68.86 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 7.97 (m, 2H), 7.48 (b, 5H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.89-3.56 (m, 8H). Example 188A, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l)2,3-triazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H22N7O4:460.17; found 460.34. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column J). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.32 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7,45 (b, 7H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.30 (m, 8H). EXAMPLE 189 Example 189, was prepared from Precursor 5b and pyrazole to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-pyrazolyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H23N6O4: 459.18; found 459.01. HPLC retention time: 0.92 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 190 Example 190, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-methylpyrazole to > provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CizsEfoNeCU: 473.19; found 473.09. HPLC retention time: 1.49 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 191 Example 191, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-methylpyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(4-methylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS tn/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N6O4:473.19; found 473.09. HPLC retention time: 1.52 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 192 Example 192, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-trifluoromethylpyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-trifluoromethylpvrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor CasEfoFaNeC: 527.17; found 527.09. HPLC retention time: 1.64 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 193 Example 193, was prepared from Precursor 5b and imidazole to provide 1- benzoyl-^[(4-methoxy-7-(l-irnidazolyl)-6-azaiiidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H23N6O4: 459.18; found 459.26. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 140 The title compound was prepared according to general procedures described before (Sn-coupling). H NMR: 8.41 (m, 1H); 8.33(m, 1H); 8.16(m, 1H); 7.53(m, 1H); 7.47(bs, 5H); 3.97-3.54(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(m+H)+ = 448, Rt = 1.28min. EXAMPLE 141 The tide compound was prepared according to general procedures described before (Sn-coupling). ^H-NMR: 9.71-9.70(m, 1H); 8.80-8.79(m, 1H); 8.66-8.42(m, 2H); 8.41-8.35(m, 2H); 7.99-7.92(m,lH), 7.69-7.53(m, 1H); 7.48-7.44(m, 1H); 5.05- EXAMPLE 144 Preparation of Example 144: To a mixture of precursor 5q (50 rag, 105 pnol) and Pd(PPhs)4 (50 mg, 43 jjmol) was added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and iii (77 mg, 210 umol). The reaction mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound of using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.80 - 12.31 min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 9.32 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 2H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 4.00 - 3.44 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, 477; HPLC Rt = 1.833. The title compound was prepared following the procedure described before for example 146 and precursor 4k. JH NMR: 8.35-8.33(m, 2H); 8.11(s, 1H); 7.89(s, 1H); 7.43(bs, 5H); 3.89-3.49(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 448. Rt = l.lSmin. Precursor 4m (0.26 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with Nbenzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (59 mg, 0.26 mmol), DEBPT (79 mg, 0.26 mmol) and Hunig's base ( 90 pL, 0.52 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at it for 18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right LC/MS:(ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 449 were collected, concentrated and purified again using a preparative TLC (5% MeOH/CH2Cl2) to afford the title compound as a white solid. JH-NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 10.7 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 3.9-3.5 (bm, 8H). The titie compound was prepared from precursor 4n using the same coupling conditions described for the last step of the preparation of precursor 5i. H NMR: 8.82(m, 1H); 8.48-8.45(m, 1H); 8.37-8.33(m, 1H); 8.26-8.23(m, 1H); 7.47(bs, 5H); 3.97-3.54(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES) m/z(m+H)+ = 447 Rt = 0.94min. EXAMPLE 151 Example 151, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide 1 -picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS 771/2: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H2iN6O4S: 477.13; found 477.13. BDPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 154 The tide compound was prepared according to general procedures described before (Sn-coupling). ^-NMR: 9.23-9.22 (m, 1H); 8.83-8.8l(m, 1H); 8.43 (m, 1H); 8.36 (m, 1H); 7.75-7.73 (m,lH), 7.44 (bs, 5H); 3.85-3.49 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 459. Rt = 1.39min. EXAMPLE 155 Example 155, l-(benzoyl)-[(4-metaoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS nz/z: (M+H)+ Calc' 487.17; found 487.14. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 157 Example 157, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin- 2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 4: 471.18; found 471.16. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 161 Example 161 was prepared from precursor 5p and 3-phenyl-5-tributylstannyl- 1,2,3-triazole using the general tin coupling procedure provided earlier: H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) 8 9.67 (s, IH), 8.81 (s, IH), 8.72 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, IH), 8.25 (d, / = 6.1 Hz, IH), 8.00 (dd, / = 8.2, 1.8 Hz, IH), 7.68 (dd, J = 8.2, 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (tt, J = 7.4, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (br s, 5H), 4.04-3.46 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CagHOs: 506.19; found 506.15. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (XTERRA C18 S7 3.0 x 50 mm)). EXAMPLE 162 Example 162, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrimidin- 5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calcd for 4: 471.18; found 471.13. HPLC retention time: 0.95 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 163 To a solution of precursor 5q (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DMF (1 ml) was added CuCN (30 mg, 0.335 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 170°C for 30 min. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH (15 ml), filtered under gravity, and the filtrate evaporated in vacua to afforded a brownish residue which is a cyanoprecursor. To the residue in DMF (1 ml) was added sodium azide (61 mg, 0.95 mmol) and ammonium chloride (50 mg, 0.95 mmol). The mixture was heated at 90°C for one hour. The reaction mixture was then diluted with MeOH (4 ml), filtered, and the filtrate purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 20, Final %B = 80, Gradient time = 15 min, Flow Rate = 40 ml/min, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 um 30 x 100 mm, Fraction Collection: 11.26 - 11.71 min- The material was homogenous by JH NMR and HPLC, although the mass spectrum indicated an extra peak at (M+H)+ = 431; JH NMR: (CD3OD) 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 3.97 - 3.47 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 465,467; HPLC Rt= 1.937 EXAMPLE 164 Example 164, was prepared from Precursor 5a and the 4- hydroxycarbonylphenyl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(4- hydroxycarbonylphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C28H25N4O5: 497.18; found 497.22. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column C). Compound of Example 165 was prepared in a similar manner to compound of Example 143 starting with precursor 5r, but at 125°C for 22 hours and purification by preparative thin layer chromatography (4% MeOH/CH2Cl2). JH NMR: (CDC13) 8 11.85 (s, 1H), 9.91 (d, / = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.70 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (dd, / = 1.6, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, / = 3.1 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (b m, 2H), 3.56 (b m, 4H), 3.53 (b m, 2H), 1.48 (s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+=471,473; HPLC Rt = 1.690. Precursor 4m (0.098 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with N-[5-(2- Bromofuroyl)]piperazine hydrochloride (30 mg, 0.098 mmol), DEBPT (60 mg, 0.19 mmol) and Hunig's base (70 pL, 0.19 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right LC/MS:(ES+) m/z (M-f-H)"1" = 518,520 were collected, concentrated and purified again using a preparative TLC (5% MeOH/CH2Cl2) to afford the title compound as a white solid. 'H-NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 10.7 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1 H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, 7=3.4 Hz, 1H), 6.46 06 (d, 7=3.4 Hz, 1H), 3.90-3.66 (bm, 8H). EXAMPLE 168 Example 168, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-mienylcarbonyl)-4-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, was prepared from a reaction l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4- [(7-(memoxymemylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and 2- thienyl lithium by using the same procedure for the preapartion of 1-64, l-benzoyl-3- (R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H23N4O4S: 487.14; found 487.11. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A). General procedure for the preparation ofpiperazine amides or carbamides: The free nitrogen atom ofpiperazine could be masked as amides or carbamides via reactions ofpiperazine with acyl halides, acyl acids or acyl halo formates, which are shown in the following schemes 80 and 81. Example 195-199 were prepared via a procedure demonstrated in Scheme 80. The typical procedure is presented in the synthesis of Example 195. EXAMPLE 195 360 Example 195: Precursor 5u (40 mg), pyrazine carbonyl chloride (50 mg) and (0.2 g) were combined in 1 ml of THF. After the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 h, the mixture was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the desired compound 195 (4.7 mg). MS mfz.: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2iN8O4: 473.17; found 473.42. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 196 Example 196, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 4-isoxazole carbonyl chloride. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C22H2oN7O5: 462.15; found 462.41. HPLC retention lime: 1.09 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 197 Example 197, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 4-(l,2,3-thiodiazole)- carbonyl chloride. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iHi9N8O4S: 479.12; found 479.31. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 198 Example 198, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 5-(3-amino-1,2,4- triazole)-carbonyl chloride. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH21N10O4:477.17; found 477.36. HPLC retention time: 0.97 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 199 Example 199, was prepared from Precursor 5u and propanyl chloro formate. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C22H25N6O5: 453.19; found 453.17. HPLC retention time: 1.53 minutes (column M). Example 200 - 201 were prepared via a procedure demonstrated in Scheme 81. The typical procedure is presented in the synthesis of Example 200. EXAMPLE 200 Example 200: 3-methyl-2-picolinic acid (140 mg), EDAC (190 mg) pentafluorophenol (180 mg) were combined in DMF, and, the reaction v/as stirred for 12 hours. Precursor 3u was then added and resulted mixture was stirred at room temperature for another 16 hours. Solvents were removed in vacua to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the desired compound 200 (28 mg). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for 4: 486.19; found 486. 14. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 201 Example 201, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 6-methyl-2-picolinic acid. MS m/z: (M+H Calc'd for CygfaNiOj: 486.19; found 486.28. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 202 Example 202, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the ethyl pyrazol-5-yl stannane carboxylate to provide 5-{3-[2-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]- lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-7-yl}-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C26H25N6O5: 501.18; found 501.13. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 203 Example 202, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the benzofuran-2-yl stannane to provide l-(7-benzofuran-2-yl-lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)-2-(4- benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione. MS m/z: (M+H)'1" Calc' 479.16; found 479.07. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 204 Example 204, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[7-(oxazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS rnJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2oN5O4: 430.14; found 430.07. HPLC retention time: 2.08 minutes (column E, 10 minute gradient). EXAMPLE 205 and EXAMPLE 206 Example 205 and 206. In a sealed tube -(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7- chloro-lH-pyrrolop-bJpyridin-S-yO-ethane-l-dione (30 mg, 0.076 mmol), IH- 1,2,3-triazole (160 mg, 2.3 mmol), Cu (0) (10 mg, 0.16 mmol) and K2C03 (11 mg, 0.080 mmol) were heated at 160° C for 16h. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, filtered through celite and concentrated. The reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH, filtered through celite and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC to provide l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-[l,2,3]triazol-2-yllH- pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridm-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione: JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.79 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.79 (s, IH), 8.48 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.40 (s, 2H), 7.48 (br s, 5H), 4.00-3.55 (m, 8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oN7O3: 430.15; found 430.29. HPLC retention time 0.91 min (Column G); and l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l365 yl)-2^7-[l,2,3]triazol-l-yl4H-pyTTolo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)-ethane-l,2KUone:1HNMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.97 (d, J = 61.2 Hz, IH), 8.70 (d, / = 5.6 Hz, IH), 8.48 (s, IH), 8.06 (d, J= 1.2 Hz, IH), 7.80 (d, / = 5.6 Hz, IH), 7.47 (br s, 5H), 4.00- 3.45 (m, 8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oN7O3: 430.15; found 430.29. HPLC retention time 0.90 min (Column G). EXAMPLE 207 Example 207, was prepared as in Example 205 from Precursor 5p and 1,2,4- triazole to provide l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl-lHpyrrolo[ 3,2-b]pyridrn-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione. H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 9.73 (s, IH), 8.82 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.77 (s, IH), 8.55 (s, IH), 8.32 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, IH), 7.48 (br s, 5H), 4.00- 3.45 (m, 8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C^oNyCb: 430. 15; found 430.27. HPLC retention time 0.87 min (Column G). EXAMPLE 208 Example 208, was prepared as in Example 205 from Precursor 5p and pyrazole to provide l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-pyrazol-l-yl-lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridiri-3- yl)-emane-l,2-dione. :H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.87 (d, / = 2.7 Hz, IH), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.68 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, / = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (br s, 5H), 6.85 (dd, 7= 2.7,1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.00- 3.50 (m, 8H). MS 7?z/z (M+H)+ calcd for C23H2iN6O3: 429.16; found 429.23. HPLC retention time 0.87 min (Column G). EXAMPLE 209 The compound of Example 209 was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5i and pyrazol-3-carboxylic ethyl ester-5- tributyltin prepared as described in the following reference: Heterocycles, 1992, 33(2), 813-18. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuum. The residue was filtered through filter paper and washed with methanol. The resulting yellow solid was dried in air to provide Compound X; H NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.33 (s, 1H); 8.31 (s, 1H); 7.66 (s, 1H); 7.46-7.39 (m, 5H); 4.47-4.42 (q, 2H); 3.98-3.45 (m, 8H); 1.43-1.40 (t, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 519. Rt = 1.43min. EXAMPLES 210-213 General procedure for the preparation of Examples 210-213 The compound of Example 209 was treated with an excess (5eq.) of the corresponding amine and stirred in a sealed tube at ambient temperature or 70°C (R = NEb) for 20hr. The resulting solution was concentrated on a rotary evaporator and purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC. EXAMPLES 210 and 214 Compounds of Example 210 and 214 were prepared from compound of Example 209 and ammonium hydroxide following the procedure described above. XI a: H NMR (500MHz, CD3OD3): 8.40-8.37 (m, IH); 8.28-8.27 (m, IH); 7.58-7.39 (m, 6H); 3.97- 3.43 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 490. Rt = 1.14min. Xlb: 8.43 (s, IH); 8.29 (s, IH); 7.56 (s, IH); 7.45-7.55 (m, 5H); 3.99-3.45 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 491. Rt = 1.12min. EXAMPLE 211 The compound od Example 211 was prepared from the compound of Example 209 and methylamine following the procedure described above. H NMR (500MHz, CD3OD3): 8.43 (s, IH); 8.31 (s, IH); 7.49 (bs, 5H); 7.45 (s, IH) 3.97-3.48 (m, 8H); 2.97 (s, 3H). LCMS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 504. Rt = 1.31min. EXAMPLE 212 The compound of example 212 was prepared from the compound of example 209 and dimethylamine following the procedure described above. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 518.Rt=122min. COMPOUND 213 The compound of Example 213 was prepared from the compound of Example 209 and N-aminoethylmorpholine following the procedure described above. H NMR (500MHz, CD3OD3): 8.41 (s, 1H); 8.31 (s, 1H); 7.52-7.49 (m, 6H); 4.19-3.20 (m, 20H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 603. Rt = 1.03min. COMPOUNDS OF EXAMPLES 215-222 General procedure for the preparation of compounds of Examples 215-222 A mixture of precursor 5i, 30 equivalents of the corresponding amine, 1 equivalent of copper powder and 1 equivalent of potassium carbonate was heated at 160°C for 4- 7hr in a sealed tube. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered through filter paper. The filtrate was diluted with methanol and purified by preparative HPLC. EXAMPLE 215 Example 215 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,4-triazole following the procedure described above. rH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11,15 (bs, IH); 9.28 (s, IH); 8.33-8.34 (m, IH); 8.22 (s, IH); 8.10 (s, IH); 7.46-7.42 (m, 5H); 3.90-3.48 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 448. Rt = 1.21min. EXAMPLE 216 Example 216 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,3-triazole following the procedure described above. JH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.16 (bs, IH); 8.75 (s, IH); 8.37-8.37 (s, IH); 8.15 (s, IH); 7.92 (s, IH); 7.43 (bs, 5H); 3.99-3.48 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 448. Rt = 1.28min. EXAMPLE 217 Example 217 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,3-triazole following the procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.12 (bs, IH); 8.78-8.77 (m, IH); 8.37-8.36 (m, IH); 8.02-8.0 (m, 2H); 7.45- 7.41 (m, 5H); 4.11-3.45 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H) + = 448. Rt = l.OSmin. EXAMPLE 218 Example 218 was prepared from precursor 5i and imidazole following the procedure described above. JH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 13.35 (bs, IH); 9.49 (s, IH); 8.35-8.30 (m, IH); 8.20 (s, IH); 7.97 (s, IH); 7.56-7.53 (m, IH); 7.46-7.41 (m, 5H); 3.98-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt =1.25min. EXAMPLE 219 Example 219 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrazole following the procedure described above. 1R NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.52 (bs, IH); 8.65-8.64 (m, IH); 8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.05-8.04 (m, IH); 7.81-7.80 (m, IH); 7.50- 7.35 (m, 5H); 6.54- 6.53 (m, IH); 4.01- 3.47 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt = 1.25min. EXAMPLE 220 Example 220 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrrole following the procedure described above. !H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.33-8.29 (m, 2H); 7.49-7.40 (m, 5H); 7.38-7.37 (m, 2H); 6.42-6.41 (m, 2H); 3.91-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) ra/z (M+H)+ = 446. Rt = 1.34min. EXAMPLE 221 Example 221 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrrolidine following the procedure described above. 1E NMR"(300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.37 (s, 1H); 7.61-7.59 (m, 1H); 7.51-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.08-3.23 (m, 12H); 2.25-2.15 (m, 4H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H) + = 450.Rt = 0.89min. EXAMPLE 222 Compound of example 222 was prepared from precursor 5i and morpholine following the procedure described above. 1R NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.38 (s, 1H); 7.86-7.84 (m, 1H); 4.14-3.25 (m, 16H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 466. Rt = 0.988min. Preparation of Precursor 5w: To a mixture of 2u (2.0 g, 7.3 mmol) and CuCN (1.0 g, 11 mmol) was added DMF (20 ml). The reaction mixture was heated at 150°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was added NaOMe (20 ml, 25 wL % solution in MeOH), and was heated at 110°C for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate (sat. 500 ml). The resulting mixture was filtered through a short Celite® pad. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc (500 ml x 4). The combined extracts were dried over MgSC>4 and evaporated in vacua to give a brownish residue, which was triturated with MeOH (5 ml x 3) to provide precursor 2v as a yellow solid (317 mg, 25%). The structure was supported by NOE experiments. H NMR: (DMSO-^j) 12.47 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.65 (t, / = 2.8, 1H), 6.70 (dd, / = 2.8, 1.8, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 174; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.320. Preparation of Precursor 3h: To l-ethyl-3-methylimidazoh'um chloride (85 mg, 0.58 mmol) in a capped vial was quickly added aluminum chloride (231 mg, 1.73 mmol). The mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature until the formation of the ionic liquid. After cooling to room temperature, the ionic liquid was added compound 2v (50 mg, 0.29 mmol) and ethyl chlorooxoacetate (0.2 ml, 1.79 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for three hours, cooled to 0°C and quenched by carefully adding ice-water (15 ml). The precipitates were filtered, washed with water (5 ml x 3) and dried in vacua to give 3h as a grayish yellow solid (50 mg, 63%). H NMR: (DMSOdf) 13.73 (s, lH), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 4.35 (q, 7 = 7.0, 2H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 1.29 (t, 7 = 7.0, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 274; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G)Rj = 1.527. Preparation of Precursor 4p: To a mixture of 3h (200 mg, 0.73 mmol) hi MeOH (1 ml) was added NaOH (2.5 ml, IN aqueous). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then acidified with hydrochloric acid (IN, ~3 ml) to pH about 2. The solid was filtered, washed with water (5 ml x 4), and dried in vacua to give 4p as a brownish solid (160 mg, 89%). Compound 4p was used directly in the following reaction without further purification. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)* = 246; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 0.777. Preparation of Precursor 5w: To a mixture of 4p (160 mg, 0.65 mmol), DEPBT (390 mg, 1.31 mmol) and benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (222 mg, 0.98 mmol) was added DMF (2 ml) and AW-diisopropylethylamine (1.2 ml, 6.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, and concentrated to remove most of the solvent. The residue was diluted with MeOH (10 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 70, Gradient time = 30 min, Flow Rate = 40 ml/min, Wavelength = 220 run, Column : XTERRA C18 5 uin 30 x 100mm, A = 10% MeOH,- 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, B = 90% MeOH - 10% H2O - 0.1% TFA, Fraction Collection: 14.03 - 15.43 min. The structure was supported by NOE experiments. JH NMR: (DMSO-&) 13.66 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 5H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.40 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+=418 HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.447. Example 224 Preparation of Example 223: To a mixture of 5w (15 mg, 0.036 mmol), NaN3 (24 mg, 0.36 mmol), and ISffiUCl (19 mg, 0.36 mmol) was added DMF (1 ml). The reaction mixture was heated at 100°C for three hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 15 ruin, How Rate = 40 ml/rnin, Wavelength = 220 nm, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 ^m 30 x 100mm, A = 10% MeOH,- 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, B = 90% MeOH - 10% H2O - 0.1% TFA, Fraction Collection: 8.48 - 9.78 min. H NMR: (DMSO-4?) 12.68 (b s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.86 - 3.30 (b m, overlapping with broad water peak, 8H), one exchangeable proton was not observed due to the presence of water in the sample. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 461 HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.392. Preparation of Examples 224 and 225: To the mixture of 5w (10 mg, 0.022 mmol) in MeOH (0.2 ml) and benzene (0.4 ml) was added TMSCHN2 (0.4 ml, 0.1 ). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours, followed by purification on preparative TLC (1 x 20 x 20 cm, 500 microns) with 10% MeOH/CHaCk to give the two compounds as white solids. Example 224 (2.7 mg, 26%); 1R NMR: (DMSCMs) 12.60 (b s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.50 (s, 3H), 4.15 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.672. Example 225 (1.4 mg, 13%), :H NMR: (DMSO-J) 12.40 (b s, IH), 8.22 (s, IH), 8.20 (s, IH), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.52 (s, 3H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.373. These two structures were further supported by nitrogen HMBC analysis. TMSCHN2 (0.1 M) was prepared by diluting commercially available TMSCHN2 (0.2 ml, 2.0 M) with hexane (3.8 ml). EXAMPLE 226 To a mixture of 5w (85 mg, 0.204 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (22 mg, 0.305 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (3 ml, 200 proof) was added triethylamine (60 \|ul, 0.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated in a capped vial at 100°C for 6 hours. Removal of solvent gave precursor 5x as a white solid, to which was added triethyl orthoformate (3 ml). The mixture was then heated in a capped vial at 100°C for 12 hours. After removal of most of the excess triethyl orthoformate, the residue was diluted with MeOH (6 ml), followed by filtration. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 30, Final %B = 50, Gradient time = 20 min, How Rate = 40 ml/min, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 [im 30 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 7.57 - 7.98 min. H NMR: (DMSO-^) 12.41 (s, 1H), 9.87 (s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.20 (b m, overlapping with broad water peak, 8H); The following HPLC conditions for the analytical LCMS were used: Column: Xterra C18S73x50 mm; Gradient Time = 3 min; Flow rate = 4 ml/min. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 461 HPLC Rt = 1.390. Product from a similar run provided the following 1H NMR spectra (methanol-d6) 8 9.32 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s,lH), 7.45 (narrow multiple!, 6H), 4.05 (s,3H), 3.80 (bm, 4H), 3.56 (bm, 4H). EXAMPLES 227 to 229 Examples 227 to 230 (Table 2-1) were prepared analogously to Example 194 except that the appropriate substituted piperazine was utilized. The preparation of the appropriate substituted piperazines is described for precursors 17a-d or in reference 90b. General procedures for the preparation of pyrazoles 3-Substituted pyrazoles can be prepared via the following routes: Route P-A N2 Hexane IMS 115°C 10 hours Aliyne (1 eq.) was dissolved in a 2M solution of diazomethane (5-10 eq.) in hexane and resulting mixture was heated to 110-115°C for 12 hours. After reaction was quenched with MeOH, removal of solvents provided a residue which was used in the next step without any purification. Methyl ketone (1 eq.) was added into a solution of dimethoxy-DMF (5-10 eq.) 7 and the resulting mixture was heated to 110-11 were then removed under vaccum to provide a residue. in DMF 115°C for 12 hours. Solvents The above residue was mixed with hydrazine (5-10 eq.) in ethanol and the reaction was kept in refluxing for 12 hours. Removal of solvents in vacco gave a residue, which was carried onto further reactions without purification. Hydrazine (10-20 eq.) was added into a solution of alkenone or alkenal (1 eq.) in THF and the resulting mixture was heated to 110-115°C for 12 hours. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, an excess of NiO2-2H2O ( 5-10 eq.) was then added into the reaction mixture and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for another 12 hours. Insoluble materials were then filtered away and concentration under vaccum provided a residue that was used in the further reactions without purification. (Table Removed) Silicon masked general procedure for attaching pyrazoles, imidazoles and triazoles with melting-points higher than 160°C to C-7 position of azaindoles: In cases where the meltingpoints of the nitrogen heterocycle to be attached to (he azaindole have melting points higher than 160°C, an excess of the heterocycle (usually greater than 3 equivalents) is heated with a larger excess of hexamethydisilazane or chloro trimethylsilane (10 equivalents) at temperatures up to 140°C for approximately 12h. The excess silylating reagent is removed in vacuo and the mixture is combined with the azaindole halide and the copper catalyzed reaction is conducted as below. A mixture of halo-indole or halo-azaindole intermediate, 1-2 equivalents of copper powder, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2 equivalents for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series; 1-2 equivalents of potassium carbonate, and the the corresponding silylated heterocyclic reagent as prepared'above, was heated at 135-160°C for 4 to 9 hours, with 5 hours at 160°C preferred for the 4- F,6-azaindole series and 7 hours at 135°C preferred for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through filter paper. The filtrate was diluted with methanol and purified either by preparative HPLC or silica gel. In many cases no chromatography is necessary, the product can be obtained by crystallization with methanol. (Table Removed)Examples 230 through Example 258, were prepared using the same conditions and method used for synthesizing Example 187: EXAMPLE 230 Example 230, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-001 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-ethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazhie;MS/7z/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H29N6O4: 501.23; found 501.17. HPLC retention time: 2.30 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 231 OMe Example 231, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-002 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-propyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN604: 515.24; found 515.19. HPLC retention time: 2.47 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 232 Example 232, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-006 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-cycIopuryl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H3iN6O4: 527.24; found 527.16. HPLC retention time: 2.53 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 233 OMe Example 233, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-012 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-ethoxy-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H29N6O5: 517.22; found 517.17. HPLC retention time: 2.26 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 234 OMe Example 234, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-011 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-hydroxylcarbonylethan-l-yl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H Calc'd for CasHapNeC: 545.21; found 545.15. HPLC retention time: 2.08 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 235 Example 235, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-009 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l-hydroxylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for CayHagNeOs: 517.22; found 517.15. HPLC retention time: 1.43 minutes (column G). EXAMPLES 236 AND 237 Examples 236 and 237, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-007 to provide Example 236, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxylmethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and Example 237, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(4~hydroxyhnethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. Example 236, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxyhTiethylpyrazol- l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine : MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 5:503.20; found 503.20. HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). Example 237, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4-metboxy-7-(4-hydroxylmethylpyrazol- l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: MS m/z: (M-fH)"1" Calc'd for C26H27N6O5: 503.20; found 503.25. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 238 Example 238, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-013 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-methoxy-7-(3-methoxymethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C27H29N6O5: 517.22; found 517.23. HPLC retention time: 1.95 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). EXAMPLE 239 Example 239, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-014 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-metnoxy-7-(3-(N,N-o1imethylamino)methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for: 530.25; found 530.25. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min). OMe EXAMPLES 190 AND 240 Example -190 Examples 190 and 240, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-methylpyrazole to provide example Example 190 and Example 240. Example 240, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 473.19; found 473.19. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G). Example 190, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc' 473.19; found 473.17. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column G). EXAMPLES 241 AND 242 Example 242 Examples 241 and 242, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-methylpyrazole. Example 241, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C2 487.21; found 486.20. HPLC retention time: 1.54 minutes (column G). Example 242, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-methyl-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 487.21; found 486.20. HPLC retention time: 1.41 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 243 Example 243, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-t-butylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl- 4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-t-butyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H3oN6O4: 529.26; found 529.29. HPLC retention time: 1.86 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 244 Example 244, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-trifluor6methylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2- methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS tn/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagHNeCU: 541.18; found 541.25. HPLC retention time: 1.71 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 245 Example 245, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4- [(4-memoxy-7-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS7?z/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CwHwNTO^ 474.19; found 474.23. HPLC retention time: 1.29 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 246 Example 246, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-benzotriazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2- methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-benzotriazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H26N7O4: 524.20; found 524.27. HPLC retention time: 1.68 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 247 Example 247, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-010 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (3-(l-hydroxyl-l-methylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaylfeNeOs: 517.22; found 517.37. HPLC retention time: 1.38 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 248 Example 248, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-008 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (3-(3-hydroxylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS7«/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H27N6O5: 503.20; found 503.27. HPLC retention time: 1.16 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 249 Example 249, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-004 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (3-iso-propyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS tn/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C27H29N6O4: 501.23; found 501.34. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 250 Example 250, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-003 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (3-n-pentyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H33N6O4: 529.26; found 529.34. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes (column L). EXAMPLES 251 AND APP 252 Examples 251 and 252, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-amiaopyrazole. Example 251, l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(3-amino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazrae; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H24N7O4: 474.29; found 474.24. HPLC retention time: 1.58 minutes (column G). 397 Example 252, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-amino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol- 3-yl)-oxoacetylJpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C24H24N7O4: 474.29; found 474.22. HPLC retention time: 1.59 minutes (column G). EXAMPLES 253 AND 254 Example 254 Examples 253 and 254, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-aminopyrazole. Example 253, (R)-l-ben2oyl-2-methyW-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-amino-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsBiOA- 488.20; found 488.25. HPLC retention time: 1.65 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4 ml/min, gradient time = 3 min). Example 254, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-amino-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C2sH26N7O4: 488.20; found 488.25. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4 ml/min, gradient time = 3 min). EXAMPLES 255 AND 256 OMe Example 255 Examples 255 and 256, were prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-triazole. Precursor 5z (0.056 g), 0.056g Cu powder,0.025g K2CO3 and 10 equivalents of 1,2,3 triazole were heated at 155-170 C for 4 hrs. The reaction was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and the residue was dissolved in MeOH and purifed by Prep HPLC. as described above in the general methods to provide Example 255 (0.020g) as a brown solid,yield 34% and the other isomer Example 256. Example 255, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)-6' azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H24N?O4: 474.19; found 474.21. HPLC retention time: 1.84 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4 ml/rnin, gradient time = 3 min). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.85 (s, 1H), 8.32 (ss, 1H), 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 5H), 4.07 (ss, 3H), 4.00-3.00 (m, 7H), 1.33 (m, 3H). Example 256, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C24H24N7O4: 474.19; found 474.21. HPLC retention time: 1.66 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4 ml/min, gradient time = 3 min). 1R NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.33 (ss, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.46 (m, 7H), 4.07 (ss, 3H), 4.00-3.00 (m, 7H), 1.32 (m, 3H). EXAMPLE 257 Example 257, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-hydroxylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2- methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N6OS: 489.19; found 489.15. HPLC retention time: 1.38 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 258 Example 258, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2- methyW-[(4-meliioxy-7-(3-amnio-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor C24H25N8O4: 489.20; found 489.24. HPLC retention time: 1.69 minutes (column G). Examples 259 through 265, were vrevared accordins to the Gnereral Procedure Si- Cu (Silicon-Masking conditions) described above: EXAMPLE 259 Example 259, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu(SUicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-methylcarbonylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylcarbonyl-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for €2712705: 515.20; found 515.15. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 260 Example 260, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-phenylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-phenyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd 549.23; found 549.18. HPLC retention time: 1.82 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 261 Example 261, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(3-pyridinemethylamino)- 1,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3- pyridinemethylaramo)-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsoHsoNgC^: 580.24; found 580.14. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column G). Example 262, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-acetylaminopyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-melhyl-4-[(4-mellioxy-7-(3-acetylarnino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 530.22; found 530.15. HPLC retention time: 1.41 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 263 Example 263 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(2-methylpyridin-5- yl)pyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-methylpyridin- 5-yl)pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H Calc'd for : 564.24; found 564.26. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 264 OMe Example 264 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(2-methylpyridin-5- yl)pyrazole to provide l-benzoyl^[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)pyrazoll- yl)-6-a2aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 4: 550.22; found 550.26. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column C). EXAMPLE 265 Example 265 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon- Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)ethylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l,2,4-triazol-lyl) ethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CapHaoNgO,}: 568.24; found 568.13. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G). Examples 266 to 270, were prepared according to a procedure analoeous to the procedure used synthesize Example 15: EXAMPLE 266 Example 266, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5z and 2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl tributyltin, to provide (R)-lbenzoyl- 2-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS ;n/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forCaeHaeNvCU: 500.20; found 500.26. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 267 Example 267, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5za and 2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl triburyltin, to provide (R)-lpicoh^ oyl-2-memyl-4-[(7-(2-arnino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H25NgO4: 501.20; found 501.30. HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column J). EXAMPLE 268 Example 268, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5xa and 4-methylsulfonylphenyl boronic acid, to provide (R)- l-picoUnoyl-2-memyl-4-[(7-(4-methylsulfonyl-phenyl-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forCzgHagNsOeS: 562.18; found 562.19. HPLC retention time: 0.86 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 269 Example 269, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5xa and tri-butylstannyl pyrazine, to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl- 2-methyl-4-[(7-pyrazinyl-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H24N7O4:486.19; found 486.32. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 270 Example 270, was prepared according to the general method described above starling from Precursor 5y and tri-butylstannyl pyrazine, to provide (R)-l-nicotiiioyl- 2-methyl-4-[(7-pyrazinyl-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd forC25H24N704: 486.19; found 486.10. HPLC retention time: 0.96 minutes (column L). Examples 271 through 272, were prepared using the "General Procedure of Converting-NHi Group to -OH Group", examplifiedby the preparation of Example 97: EXAMPLE 271 Example 271, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Example 266 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin- l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC26H25N6O5: 501.19; found 501.21. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 272 Example 272, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Example 267 to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-2-methyl-4-t(7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin- l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd forC25H24N7O5: 502.18; found 502.19. HPLC retention time: 0.88 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 273 OMe Example 273, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3- carboxylic acid ethylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3- ethylaminocarbonyl-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHayNsOs: 531.21; found 531.21. HPLC retention time: 1.75 minutes (column G). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.35 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH), 7.86 (s, IH), 7.48 (b, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.49 (m, 10H), 1.30 (t, 3H, J = 7.5 Hz). EXAMPLE 274 Example 274, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3- carboxylic acid methylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3- methylaminocarbonyl-1,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)-6-azain.dol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for HfesNgOs: 517.19; found 517.18. HPLC retention time: 1.67 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 69.36 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.48 (b, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.60 (m, 8H), 3.02 (s, 3H). - EXAMPLE 275 Example 275, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3- carboxylic acid dimethylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3- dmiemylaininocarbonyl-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H27N8O5: 531.21; found 531.28. HPLC retention time: 1.71 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 276 Example 276, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-pyrazole-3- carboxylic acid rnethylarnide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3- methylarninocarbonyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N7O5: 516.20; found 516.27. HPLC retention time: 1.86 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 277 Example 277, was prepared from Precursor 5b and l-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)- propan-2-ol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-hydroxylpropyl)-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd 517.22; found 517.38. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 278 Example 278, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-cyclohex-l-enyl-lHpyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(cyclohexen-l-yl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6- azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 539.24; found 539.26. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 279 Example 279, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)- butyronitrile to provide l-benzoyl4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-cyano-propan- 1-yl)- pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H28N7O4: 526.22; found 526.35. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 280 Example 280, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-(lH-pyrazol-3- ylmethyl)-thiomorpho]ine 1,1-dioxide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l,ldioxo- thiomorpholin-4-yl)methyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H32N7O6S: 606.21; found 606.34. HPLC retention time: 1.01 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 281 Example 281, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-isobutyl-lH-pyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-isobutyl-pyrazoH-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN6O4: 515.24; found 515.35. HPLC retention time: 1.90 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 282 Example-282, was prepared from Precursor 5b and l-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)- cyclopentanol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l-hydroxy-cyclopentyl)- pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C29H3iN6O5: 543.24; found 543.43. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 283 Example 283, was prepared from Precursor 5b and methyl-(lH-pyrazol-3- ylmethyl)-amine to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylaminomethylpyrazol- l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H) Calc'd for : 502.22; found 502.31. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 284 Example 284, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 2-methyr-l-(lH-pyrazol- 3-yl)-propan-l-ol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-( 3-(l-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)- pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H31N605: 531.24; found 531.43. HPLC retention time: 1.63 minutes (column L). EXAMPLE 285 Example 285, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-025 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7- (3-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl)oxymethyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsNeC: 637.24; found 637.34. HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column G). :H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 88.61 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, 2H, / = 15 Hz), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.43 (b, 5H), 7.05 (d, 2H, /= 14.5 Hz), 6.60 (s, IH), 5.29 (s, 2H), 4.33 (q, 2H, /= 12 Hz), 4.03 (s,3H), 3.80-3.57 (m, 8H), 1.38 (t, 3H, J= 12.0 Hz). EXAMPLE 286 Example 286, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3iH29N6O6S: 613.19; found 613.28. HPLC retention time: 1.69 minutes (column G). JH NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 88.64 (s, IH), 8.21 (s, IH), 7.94 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 7.74 (s, IH), 7.43 (b, 5H), 7.34 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 6.94 (s, IH), 4.04 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.40 (m, 8H), 2.42 (s, 3H). EXAMPLE 287 Example 287, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3iH26F3N6O4: 603.20; found 603.32. HPLC retention time: 1.94 minutes (column G). 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 58.67 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.09-7.42 (m, 10H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.62 (m, 8H). EXAMPLE 288 Example 288, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy'7-(3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3- yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H) Calc'd for C3iH26F3N6O4: 603.20; found 603.32. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes (column G). :H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 58.69 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.09-7.43 (m, 10H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.62 (m, 8H). EXAMPLE 289 Example 289, was prepared according to the general method described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-propylsulfanyl-lH-[l,2,4]triazole to provide 1- benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-propylsulfanyl-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Cs-eEbNvCUS: 534.19; found 534.32. HPLC retention time: 1.65 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 89.09 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.37 (m, 5H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.90-3.30 (m, 8H), 3.18 (t, 2H, .7= 11.5 Hz), 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.02 (t, 3H, J = 12.5 Hz). EXAMPLE 290 Example 290 (18mg) was dissolved in 1ml of AcOOH (37% in AcOH) at room temperature and the mixture was kept stirring for 10 hours. Removal of solvents under vaccum provided a redicue, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide Example 290, l-benzoyl-4-[(4- methoxy-7-(3-(propane-l-sulfonyl)-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)- oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H28N7O6S: 566,18; found 566.30. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 89.33 (s, IH), 8.24 (s, IH), 7.80 (s, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.90-3.50 (m, 8H), 3.42 (t, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 1.90 (m, 2H), 1.09 (t, 3H, / = 7.50 Hz)r EXAMPLE 291 Example 290, obtained from the previous stage, was dissolved in 5ml of MeONa (8 wt% in MeOH) at room temperature and the mixture was heated to 90°C for 10 hours to form 291, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methoxy-[l,2,4]triazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 490.18; found 490.29. HPLC retention time: 1.36 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 292 Example 288 (8mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water (2ml) to form Example 292, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (2.1mg of Example 292 obtained). Example 292, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(4-hydroxylcarboaylphenyl)-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaiH^NeOe: 579.20; found 579.28. HPLC retention time: 1.72 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 88.71 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.15 (d, 2H, J= 8.00 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H, J= 8.00 Hz), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 4.02-3.49 (m, Example 288 (8mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with MeOH (2ml) to form Example 293, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (l.lmg of Example 293 obtained). Example 293, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-pyrazol-lyl)- 6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsaHagNgOs: 593.21; found 593.32. HPLC retention time: 1.84 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 68.74 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 7.94 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.44 (m, 5H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.90- 3.40 (m, 8H). EXAMPLE 294 Example 294 Example 287 (6mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water (2ml) to form Example 294, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (2.7mg of Example 294 obtained). Example 294, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-hydroxylcarbonylphenyl)-pyrazol-1- yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CaiEkvNgOe: 579.20; found 579.28. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 58.76 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.10 (m, 2H), 7.77 (m, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.40 (m, 8H). EXAMPLE 295 Example 136 (6mg), succinic anhydride (20mg) and DMAP (5ml) were dissolved in 5ml of anhydrous pyridine at room temperature and the mixture was heated to reflux for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with MeOH and solvents were removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 295 (2.4mg), 2,2- Dimethyl-succinicacid4-(l-{3-[2-(4-benzoyl-3-methyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxoacetyl]- 4-methoxy-l H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl}-lH-pyrazol-3-yhiiethyl) ester; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C32H35N6O8: 631.25; found 631.34. HPLC retention time: 1.64 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 296 Example 296 Example 111 (lOmg), /raraj-epoxysuccinyl chloride (20mg) and EtsN (0.2ml) were dissolved in 2ml of anhydrous THF at room temperature and the mixture was kept stirring for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water and solvents were removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 296 (2mg), 3-(6-{3- [2-(4-Benzoyl-2-methyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7- yl}-pyrazm-2-ylcarbamoyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for 7: 584.19; found 584.36. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G). EXAMPLE 297 Example 112 (lOmg), frans-epoxysuccinyl chloride (20mg) and EtsN (0.2ml) were dissolved in 2ml of anhydrous THF at room temperature and the mixture was kept stirring for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water and solvents were removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 297 (5mg), 3-(6-{3-[2-(4- Benzoyl-2-memyl-piperazm-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]-lH-pyrrolo[23-c]pyridm-7-yl}-pyri dm-2-ylcarbamoyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid; MS wz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for ?: 583.19; found 583.34. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G). PRECURSOR 4P Precursor 2p (200 mg, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in trichloroacetic anhydride (1.2 mL) and heated at 80°C for 3h. MeOH (10 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The volatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was diluted with AcOEt (25 mL) and washed with water (2 x 25 mL). The organic layer was dried over NaaSO4, filtered and concentrated. The resulting crude oil was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with a 2M solution of MeNH2 in MeOH (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 18 h. LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 234. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude (134 mg) was taken to next step without further purification. PRECURSOR 4P Precursor 4p was prepared from precursor 2u following the procedure described to prepare precursor 4m. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 306. Taken to next step without further purification. EXAMPLE 298 Example 298 was prepared from precursor 4p by treatment with EDC (434 mg, 2.3 mmol), HOBt (308 mg, 2.3 mmol) and benzoylpiperazine (304 mg, 1.36 mmol) in DMF (2 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 18 h and then concentrated in vacuo and purified using reverse phase HPCL to afford the title compound. LC/MS: (ES4") m/z (M+H)+ = 478; rt = 1.25 min. To a diethylether (10 mL) solution of trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2 M in hexane, 5.3 mL) was added n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 4.2 mL) at 0°C. After stirring for 20 min, the resulting mixture was added into a diethylether (5 ml) solution of 4-fluoro-7- bromo-6-azaindole (340 mg, 2.1 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 0°C for 60 min and then, quenched with water (20 mL). The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 40 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated with ethyl acetate. The solid was filtered and dried in air to give precursor 2v as a white solid (35 mg). 1HNMR (300MHz, CD3OD): 8.43 (bs, IH); 8.09-8.08 (m, IH); 7.64-7.63 (m, IH); 6.72-6.71 (m, IH). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)"1" = 204. Rt = 0.50 min. The filtrate was concentrated and purified on silica gel column eluting with 5-10% of ethyl acetate/hexane to afford precursor 2w as a yellow solid (422 mg). 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 8.09-8.08 (m, IH); 7.47-7.45 (m, IH); 6.69-6.67 (m, IH); 0.45 (s, 9H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 276. Rt = 1.39min. PRECURSOR 4Q Precursor 4q was prepared following the procedure described before for compound 4m. LC/MS: (ES4) m/zCM+H) = 276. Rt = 0.42 min. EXAMPLE 299 The title compound was prepared following the coupling procedure previously described before for precursor 5a HNMR (300MHz, DMSQ): 8.44(m, 1H); 8.33- 8.31 (m, 2H); 7.44(m, 5H); 3.87-3.40(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(M+H)+ = 448. Rt = 1.04min. N-HYDROXY-ACETAMIDINE Sodium ethoxide solution (32.5 mL, 21% w/v) was added over 1 b. to a solution of hydrochloride (3.5 g, 0.05 mol) and phenolphthalein (5 mg) in ethanol (20 mL). After stirring for 3 hr at room temperature, acetonitrile (1.4 g) was added. The reaction was stirred for 2 h and then heated at 40°C for 48 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was kept at room temperature for 48 h, purified on silica gel column eluting with 9:1 dichloromethane: methanol to give N-Hydroxy-acetamidine (1.8 g, 73%). 1HNMR (300MHz, DMSO): 8.60 (s, 1H); 5.51 (bs, 2H); 1.60 (s, 3H). A solution of 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole (100 mg, 0.46 mmol), N-Hydroxyacetamidine (170 mg, 2.3 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphme)paUadiurn (200 mg, 0.17 mmol) and triethylamine (0.2 mL, 1.4 mmol) in toluene (2.5 mL) was heated at reflux under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (10 mL) and washed with water (2 x 25 mL). The organic layer was concentrated and purified on preparative HPLC to give precursor 2y (5 mg, 5%). 'HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 10.22 (bs, 1H); 8.32-8.31 (m, 1H); 7.55-7.53 (m, 1H); 6.81-6.79 (m, 1H); 2.55 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 219. Rt = 1.15 min. PRECURSOR 4R Precursor 4r was prepared following the procedure previously described for compound 4k LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)"1" = 291. Rt = 0.87 min. The title compound was prepared following the general coupling procedure described before for precursor 5a and using precursor 4k and benzoyl piperazine as the inputs. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 10.92 (bs, 1H); 8.51-8.50 (m, 1H); 8.41-8.40 (m, 1H); 7.43 (m, 5H); 3.97-3.50 (m, 8H); 2.58 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 463. Rt=1.24min. PRECURSOR 2Z l-Methyl-l,2,4-triazole (249 mg, 3 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous THF (3 mL) and cooled to -78°C. n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 1.2 ml) was added via a syringe. After stirring for 10 min, ZnCk (0.5 M in hexane, 6 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78°C for 20 min, then warmed to room temperature. The resulting mixture was transferred via a syringe into a pressure flask which contained a mixture of 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole (215 mg, 1.0 mmol), tetraMs(triphenylphosphme)paUadium (127 mg, 0.11 mmol) and dioxane (6mL). The reation mixture was heated at 120°C in the sealed flask for 15 h, and then cooled to room temperature. Ethyl acetate (100 mL) was added to quench the reaction. The resulting mixture was washed with water (2 x 20 mL). The organic layer was concentrated and purified on preparative HPLC. Final crystallization in methanol/water gave Precursor 2z (80 ing, 37%). JHNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.10 (bs, 1H); 8.18-8.17 (m, 1H); 8.02-8.01 (m, 1H); 7.50-7.48 (m, 1H); 6.74-6.72 (m, 1H); 4.52 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 218. Rt = 1.23 min. PRECURSOR4S Precursor 4s was prepared following the procedure described before for precursor 4m. LOMS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 293. Rt = 0.92 min. EXAMPLE 301 The tide compound was prepared following the example coupling procedure described before for precursor 5a and using precursor 4s and (benzoyl piperazine as inputs. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.86 (bs, 1H); 8.37-8.36 (m, 1H); 8.32-8.31 (m, 1H); 8.02-8.01 (m, 1H); 7.42(m, 5H); 4.51 (s, 3H); 3.95-3.51 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(M+H)+ = 462 Rt = 1.32min. PREPARATION OF PRECURSOR 4T Precursor 2i precursor 4t To a solution of l-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (2.7g, 18.6mmol) and aluminum chloride (7.5g, 55.8mmol) was added precursor 2i (2.0g, 9.3mmol) followed by slow addition of ethyloxalylacetate (2.1ml, 18.6mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was then stirred at room temperature for 20h, and quenched by slow addition of ice water (20mL). A light brown solid precipitated out and was collected by filtration and dried in air to provide compound precursor 4t (2.2g, 82%). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 289. Rt = 0.85min. PREPARATION OF PRECURSOR SAB A mixture of compound precursor 4t (500mg, 1.74 mmol), benzylpiperazine hydrochloride (395mg, 1.74 mmol), DEBPT (520mg, 1.74 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (0.61ml, 3.48mmol) in 3 ml of DMF was stirred at rt for 20h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (50ml) and washed with water (50 ml). The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 50ml). The organic extracts were combined and dried over Mg2SO4, filtered and concentrated to dryness. The residue was redissolved in EtOAc and precursor Sab crystallized out as a pale brownish solid and was coUected by filtration (221mg, 27%). !HNMR (d, MeOD): 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.1 (s, 1H), 7.5 (bs, 5H), 3.82-3.53 (m, 8H); MS m/z 461 (MH); Rt = 1.24 min. GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING EXAMPLES 302-315 General procedure for the preparation of 7-N-linked heterocycles A mixture of precursor Sab for examples 302-313 or Sac for Examples 314-315,15- 30 equivalents of the corresponding amine, preferably 30 equivalents were used, 1 equivalent of copper powder and 1 equivalent of potassium carbonate was heated at 160°C for 4-7hr in a sealed tube. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, diluted with EtOAc and filtered through filter paper. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was diluted with methanol and purified by preparative HPLC. EXAMPLE 303 Example 303 was prepared from precursor Sab and 1,2,4-triazole following the procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.15 (bs, 1H); 9.28 (s, 1H); 8.33-8.34 (m, 1H); 8.22 (s, 1H); 8.10 (s, 1H); 7.46-7.42 (m, 5H); 3.90-3.48 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 448. Rt = 1.21min. Example 304 was prepared from precursor Sab and imidazole following the procedure described above. 1B. NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 13.35 (bs, IH); 9.49 (s, IH); 8.35-8.30 (m, IH); 8.20 (s, IH); 7.97 (s, IH); 7.56-7.53 (m, IH); 7.46-7.41 (m, 5H); 3.98-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt =1.25mrn. EXAMPLE 305 Example 305 was prepared from precursor Sab and pyrazole following the procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.52 (bs, IH); 8.65-8.64 (m, IH); 8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.05-8.04 (m, IH); 7.81-7.80 (m, IH); 7.50- 7.35 (m, 5H); 6.54- 6.53 (m, IH); 4.01- 3.47 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (BS) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt = 1.25min. Compound of example 222 was prepared from precursor 5i and morpholine following the procedure described above. H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.38 (s, IH); 7.86-7.84 (m, IH); 4.14-3.25 (m, 16H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 466. Rt = 0.988min. EXAMPLES 306 and 307 Example 306 Example 307 Examples 306 and 307 were prepared from precursor Sab using the general procedure previously described above using 3-methyltriazole. Example 306: 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 9.14 (s, 1 H); 8.32 (s, 1 H); 8.06 (s, 1 H); 7.42 (m, 5 H); 3.75-3.85 (m, 4 H); 3.55-3.70 (m, 4 H); 2.57 (s, 3 H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 462; rt = 1.27 min. Example 307: JHNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.29 (s, 1 H); 8.17 (s, 1 H); 8.05 (s, 1 H); 7.42 (m, 5 H); 4.75.85 (m, 4 H); 4.55-5.70 (m, 4 H); 3.02 (s, 3 H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 462; rt = 1.27 min. EXAMPLE 308 Example 308 was prepared from precursor Sab and pyrrole following the procedure described above. !H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.33-8.29 (m, 2H); 7.49-7.40 (m, 5H); 7.38-7.37 (m, 2H); 6.42-6.41 (m, 2H); 3.91-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 446. Rt = 1.34min. The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab using the general procedure previously described using 3-aminopyrazole. 1HNMR (300MHz, DMSO): 12.42 (bs, IH); 8.34-8.33 (m, IH); 8.31-8.30 (m, IH); 8.04-8.03 (m, IH); 7.44 (bs, 5H); 5.93- 5.92 (m,lH); 3.80-3.16 (m, 8H). LCMS: (BS4) m/z (M+H)+ = 462. Rt = 1.26min. EXAMPLE 310 The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedure previously described using 3-methylpyrazole. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDCla): 11.59 (bs, IH); 8.53-8.52 (m, IH); 8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.02-8.01 (m, IH); 7.46-7.42 (m, 5H); 6.32-6.31 (m,!H); 3.82-3.48 (m, 8H); 2.43 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 461. Rt = LSOrnin. EXAMPLE 311 The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedures previously described. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.92 (bs, IH); 8.28- 8.27 (m, IH); 8.08-8.07 (m, IH); 7.47-7.42 (m, 5H); 6.73-6.72 (m,lH); 4.45-4.38 (m, 2H); 4.0-3.49 (m, 8H); 2.84 (s, 3H); 1.44-1.37 (m, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (m+H)+ = 533.Rt=1.67min. EXAMPLE 312 Example 312 was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedure previously described using 3-methylpyrazole. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.61 (bs, IH); 8.23-8.22 (m, IH); 8.06-8.05 (m, IH); 7.67-7.66 (m, IH); 7.42 (m, 5H); 6.25 (m, IH); 3.89-3.48 (m, 8H); 2.82 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 461. Rt = 1.41min. Example 313 was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedure previously described using 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.12 (bs, 1H); 8.89-8.88 (m, 1H); 8.29-8.28 (m, 1H); 8.03-8.02 (m, 1H); 7.58-7.51 (m, 5H), 3.87-3.50 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 463. Rt = 1.16min. PRECURSOR SAC Precursor Sac was prepared from precursor 4t following the procedure described for precursor Sab using l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methylpiperazine instead of benzylpiperazine. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 474-475. Rt = 1.20min. Example 314 was prepared from Precursor Sac following the general procedure described above for 7-N-linked heterocycles. !HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.75 (s, 1H); 8.36 (m, 1H); 8.08 (m, 1H); 7.45-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.75-2.947 (series of multiplets, 7H); 1.37-1.30 (m,3H). Example 315 was prepared from Precursor Sac following the general procedure described above for 7-N-linked heterocycles. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 9.15 (s, 1H); 8.32 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H); 8.16 (m, 1H); 7.92 (s, 1H); 7.45-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.72-2.94 (series of multiplets, 7H); 2.57 (s, 3H); 1.37-1.30 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 476. Rt = 1.29min. Synthetic Experimental Procedures for best preparation of Example 216 (Scheme 5-AmiQO 2 methoxypyridine (50g, 0.4mol ) was added to a stirring mixture of absolute ethanol (280 ml) and HBF4 (48% in water, 172 ml) and cooled to 0°C. Sodium nitrite (129g) was dissolved in water (52 ml) and added portion-wise over In). The stirring was continued at 0°C for 2hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with ether (1L). The solid product was collected by filtration and washed with 500 ml of 50:50 EtOH/ether and subsequently several times with ether until the product was slightly pinkish in color. The pale pink solid 90g (-100% yield) was kept in a dessicator overPaOs. The same procedure was followed to perform the reaction on larger scale: (1) (200g, 1.6 mol); HBF4 (688 ml); NaNO2 (116 g); EtOH(L12 L); H2O (208 ml) The reaction was run 4 times (total 800 grams (1-80)). The product was dried over P205 for 48 hr. (only 24hr for first batch). A total of 1,293 g of (2-80) was obtained, (91% yield). Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including analytical data) The decomposition of the diazonium salt was run in 3 batches of: 206g, 219g and 231g using 1.3L, 1.4L and 1.6L of anhydrous toluene respectively. The toluene was preheated under nitrogen to 100°C (internal temperature) in a 2L 3- neck round bottom flask provided with a mechanical stirrer. The solid was added solid portion-wise via a scoop through a powder funnel which was attached to an adapter with slight outward positive nitrogen flow. During addition, the temperature was maintained between 99-102°C (set at 100°C) and stirred vigorously. Total addition time was 60 min. for the smaller two batches and 70 min. for the last one. After the addition was finished, each stirring reaction was heated at 110°C for Ihr. The heating mantle was removed and stirring was stopped. The reactions were allowed to stand for 2hr (ambient temp achieved). Safety Note: The reaction contains BF3 so working with the reaction hot exposes vapors which caused skin irritation with some people. No incidents were noted at ambient temperature (6 different people). The hot toluene from the reaction was poured into a 4L Erlenmeyer (a dark brown oil and residue remained in the flask). The residue was washed with 50 ml of toluene and poured into the original toluene extracts. Add 1.5L of IN NaOH to toluene layer, extract and wash with -100 ml of sat aq. NaCl. Combine NaCl with NaOH layer, re-extract with 150 ml of toluene, wash with 50ml ofsatNaCl. Combine toluene layers. Add 1L of IN NaOH to residue in reaction flask and swirl to dissolve as much residue as possible then add 500ml Et2O and pour into Erlenmeyer. Add ~500ml more of 1N NaOH to reaction flask and swirl ~500ml of Et2O. Combine dark Et2O and NaOH washings in erlenmyer flask. Et2O/NaOH mixture was poured through powder funnel containing plug of glass wool to collect dark viscous solid. (Add ~500ml more ether to wash) into 6L sep funnel. Extract Wash ether layer with ~200ml of H2O and then 100ml of sat NaCl. Combine all washings with original NaOH aq. Layer and re-extract with 500ml of ether/Wash with 100ml H2O and 100ml of NaCl. Combine ether extracts. Toluene and ether extracts were checked by LC/MS clean product. The ether was concentrated on a rotovap and the residue was combined with the toluene extracts to make a homogeneous solution which is taken to next step as is. The other two rxns were combined and worked up in the same way. All aqueous layers were checked by LC/MS = no product Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including analytical data) HCI(35%) A total of 4.6L of toluene solution containing 3-80 was placed in several sealed tubes and treated with 900ml of 35% HC1 at 145°C for 2hr. LC/MS showed no. starting material, only 4. The toluene solution was decanted and discarded. The aqueous phase was washed with EtOAc and concentrated down to remove volatiles to afford a brown s.olid containing the desired fluoro-hydroxypyridine 4-80. A total of 244g of this solid was collected and taken to next step as is (it was not completely dry). Note: We have subsequently ran this by decanting the toluene layer first prior to heating to reduce volumes. Same reaction was carried out using HBr (48% in H2O) at 100°C for 6h with similar result to the literature procedure 49% yield. Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including analytical data) 4-80 Fuming HN03 H2S04 NO2 OH Yield: 30% 5-80 from diazonium salt 1 - Precipitate (usually) 2. Extracted with EtOAc, triturated with ether The solid from above containing (4-80) was divided in 4 batches and treated with H2SO4 and fuming HNOa as shown below. The amounts used were: fuming HNO3 H2SO4 .(to addition) (for soln) batch 1 25g 20.8ml 5.6ml+ 56ml batch 2 54g 45ml 12ml+ 120ml batch 3 75g 62.4ml 16.8ml+ 168ml batch 4 90g 75ml 20ml+ 200ml Compound 4-80 was dissolved in sulfuric acid (the larger amounts indicated above) at rt and then heated to 65°C. A preformed solution of fuming nitric acid and sulfuric acid (the smaller amount indicated above) was added dropwise. The temperature was kept between 65°C and 80°C (rxn is exothermic and although the bath is at 65°C, temperature goes higher, usually 75, sometimes 80°C). After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was heated at 65°C for an additional hr. The reaction mixture was then cooled to rt and poured in a flask containing ice ) (20g of ice/gr compound, evolution of gas occurred). A solid precipitated out and it was collected by filtration (1HNM" showed 4-80 and something else (discarded)). The aqueous layer was extracted with AcOEt several times (3-5) and concentrated on a rotary evaporator under vacuum to afford a solid that was triturated with ether to afford 5-80 as a bright yellow solid. A total of 1 17g of desired product was collected in the first crop (27% yield from diazonium salt). A portion did not crystallize: this oil was triturated with MeOH and Et2O to afford 3.6g of 5-80; another precipitation from the mother liquid afforded an additional 6.23g of the desired product 5-80 Total: 117.0+3. 6+6.23 = 126.83. 30.4%). Yield for 3 steps (decomposition of diazonium salt; deprotection and nitration). Analytical data from Notebook: 53877-115: 'HNMRtS, MeOD): 8.56-8.27 (dd, J= 7.5, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H); LC/MS(M+l)+= 158.9; rt = 0.15 min. Note: A portion of the aqueous acidic solution was taken and neutralized with Na2CO3 until effervescence stopped and then it was extracted with AcOEt = A different product was obtained. No desired product in these extracts. A total of 117g of 5-80 was divided in 4 batches of 30g x 3 and 27g x 1 and treated with POBr3 (3 equiv.; 163g x 3 and 155 g x 1) and a catalytic amount of DMF (15 ml) at rt (DMF was added carefully => gas evolution). After 5 min. at room temperature, the solutions were heated at 110°C for 3hr. LC/MS showed starting material had been consumed. The reaction mixtures were allowed to cool to rt. The reaction flasks were placed in an ice bath; and then ice was added very slowly and carefully portionwise into the flask, gas evolution was due to HBr formation; the liquid and black solid that formed was poured into a beaker with ice. EtOAc was added and the mixture was then extracted several times with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with saturated aq. NaHCOa; H^O and brine; dried over Na2SO4 and filtered. The product was dried in the pump overnight to provide 123g of 6-80 as a brown solid (77% yield). Note: Reaction is completed within Ih. 1HNMR(8, CDC13):8.52 (m, IH), 7.93 (m, IH). 800 ml of vinyl magnesium bromide (1M in THF, Aldrich) was cooled below -60°C with vigorous stirring under N2- 2-bromo-5-fluoro-3-nitro pyridine (43.3g, 0.196 mol) in 200ml THF was added dropwise via addition funnel at such a rate that the temp was kept below -60°C. This took ~ 1.25 hr. The reaction mixture was wanned to —40 to -50°C and stirred for 1 hr more. Then 1L of saturated aqueous NHjCl was added slowly and cautiously. At first, foaming occurred and considerable solid was present, but this essentially dissolved as the addition was completed and the material warmed to rt The layers were separated and the aqueous layer extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated to afford ~ 50g of a black gummy solid. HPLC indicated 57-58% product To this was added CHzCfc and the solid was collected by filtration and washed with CSLCo. to afford 12.5g of product as a brown solid. The reaction was repeated on exactly the same scale and worked up in the same manner. From trituration there was obtained 12.4g of Precursor 2i (HPLC ~ 97% pure). The crude was recovered and allowed to stand in dichloromethane. Upon standing 3.6g of additional product separated and was recovered by filtration. Total yield = 29.5g (35%). 1HNMR(8, CDC13): 8.69(bs, 1H), 7.92 (d, J= 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 6.77 (m,lH); LC/MS(M+1)= 216.-217.9; rt = 1.43 min. triazole, Cu(0) K2CO3,160°C 25-35% Br -2-8 h precursor 2 Chromatographed, -1:1 isomer ratio Reaction was carried in a 250ml flask (foaming occurred upon heating and the big size flask is more convenient). A mixture of precursor 2i (3g, 13.95mmol), 1,2,3- triazole (15g, 217.6 mmol, 15eq), K2CO3 (1.9g, 13.95mmol, leq) and Cu(0)(0.9g, 13.9mmol, leq) was heated at 160°C for 7 hr (from rt to 160°C total 7 hr) under N2 (depending on the Cu(0) lot, reaction time may vary from 2hr to 7hr). The resulting mixture was diluted with MeOH, filtered through filter paper (to remove the copper). Washed with MeOH (20 ml) and water (30 ml). The filtrate was concentrated (remove solvent in rotovap) and diluted with ethylacetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethylacetate. The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in MeOH (20 ml), 7-80 (750mg) crystallized from the methanol as a white solid and was collected by filtration. (Slow gradient volume, silica gel hex /AcOEt (0-»18%) of the mother liquids usually affords 5-10% more of 7-80. 1HNMR (8, CDC13): 10.47 (bs, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.53 (m, 1 H), 6.78 (m, 1H); LCMS(M+l)+= 204; rt = 1.29 min. Ethyl methylimidazolium chloride (4.3g, 29.6 mmol, 3eq) was placed hi a 250ml flask. Aids (ll.Sg, 88.6mmol, 9eq) was added into the flask hi one portion. A liquid suspension was formed (some of AlCU remained as solid). After stirring for 5- 10 min. compound (1) (2.0g, 9.85mmol) was added hi one portion followed by slow addition (via a syringe) of ethyl chlorooxalacetate (3.3 ml, 29.6 mmol, 3eq). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 20 hr. LCMS indicated compound 8- 80:compound 7-80 = 6:2. (Compound I has strong UV absorption) The reaction was quenched bycarefully adding ice water (~75 ml) at 0°C. A yellow solid precipitated at this point The resulting suspension was filtered and the solid was washed with water. MeOH and ethyl acetate (to remove unreacted SM) and the solid was dried hi air. (LCMS purity 70% ~ 80%) 2g of solid containing 8-80 was obtained and taken to the next step without further purification. LCMSCM+l)"1 276; rt =0.97 min. A mixture of compound 8-80 (4.9g, 17.8 mmol) & N-benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride 8a-80 (HC1 salt; 6.0g, 26.7mmol, l.Seq) in DMF (30 ml) was stirred at RT overnight (16 hr). A slurry was formed. An additional 20ml of DMF was added into the slurry. Then HATU (12.2g, 26.7mmol, l.Seq) was added followed by DMAP (4.3g, 35.6 mmol, 2eq). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min. LCMS indicated the starting material 8-80 was completely converted to product (EXAMPLE 216). The resulting mixture was filtered and the solid washed with water. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. Water was added to the residue and the solid was collected by filtration. The solids were combined and washed with water, MeOH and EtOAc. Then the solid was dried in air. LCMS & HPLC showed BMS-585248, >99% pure. The solid product was further purified by precipitation and crystallization in 5-10% CH3OH/CHC13. Purification of Example 216 Crude compound of Example 216 obtained as above (15.3g) was dissolved in 10% MeOH/CHCls (600 ml). A light brown suspension was formed, filtered through filter paper and washed with MeOH a twice. The brownish solid was discarded (~1.2g). Example 216 was crystallized in the filtrate, the solid was collected by filtration and the white solid was dried in air. The filtrate was used to repeat the crystallization several times. The solid obtained from each filtration was analyzed by HPLC. All the pure fractions were combined. The not so pure fractions were resubjected to crystallization with MeOH & CHC13. A total of 12.7g of Example 216 was obtained from recrystallization and precipitation. The mother liquid was concentrated and purified on silica gel column (EtOAc, then CHCla/MeOH (0-2%)) to provide 506mg of product) as a white solid. 1HNMR (d, DMSO) 13.1 (bs, 1H), 9.0 (s, 1H), 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.3 (s, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H), 7.4 (bs, 5H), 3.7 (bs, 4H), 3.5 (bs, 4H); MS m/z 448 (MH). Anal: Calc for C^HigFNTOa; C 59.05, H 4.05, N 21.91, F 4.24. Found; C 57.28, H 4.14, N 21.22; F 4.07%. Scheme 81 is a preferred method for making compounds of Formula I and la where R2 is methoxy. This is specifically exemplified for the preparation of compound Example 316 and 317. Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (68 g, 1.13 mol) and thioacetamide (85 g, 1.13 mol) in a 500mL-RBF was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath temp.) for 1.5 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen, removing H2S and water (about 18 mL of liquid collected) formed during the reaction. The'reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, collecting 60.3 g (0.726 mol, Y. 63.3%) of the tide compound at 102°C / 0.35-1 mrnHg as white solid after removing a liquid foreran. : :H NMR (CDd3) 5ppm 2.51 (3H, s, 3-Me), 8.03 (1H, s, 5-H), 9.5 (1H, br, NH); TLC Rf (10% MeOH/CHaClj) = 0.3 (phosphomolybdate-charring, white spot). Reference: Vanek, T.; Velkova, V.; Gut, Jiri Coll. Czech Chem. Comm. 1985, 49, 2492. Preparation of 3-81 Procedure: A 500 mL round bottom flask was loaded with 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6- azaindole precursor 2e (9.1 g, 50 mrnol; dried in vacua'), potassium carbonate (13.8 g, 100 mmol, 2 eq.), copper powder (6.35 g, 100 mmol, 2 eq.), and 3-methyl-1,2,4- triazole (83 g, 1.0 mol, 20 eq.). The solid mixture was heated to melt at 170-175°C (external oil bath temperature) under gentle stream of anhydrous nitrogen for 12 h, by which time HPLC analysis indicates the amount of the peak for the starting material becomes 5-30% and the desired product peak becomes about 45% with isomeric byproduct peak becomes 15%. As the reaction mixture cools, MeOH (150 mL) was added slowly to the stirred warm mixture. Upon cooling, the insoluble material (copper powder) was filtered through a Celite pad, and rinsed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to a thick paste which was diluted with water (1 L) and extracted with EtOAc (3xl50mL). The EtOAc extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated to obtain about 8 g of crude residue which was crystallized by dissolving in hot CH3CN (50 mL), followed by diluting with water (100 mL) and cooling at 0°C to collect 1.45 g (12.7%) of the title compound as white solid. The filtrate was purified by C-18 reverse phase silica gel (YMC ODS-A 75 pin) eluted with 15-30% CHsCN/H^O. Appropriate fractions were combined and the aqueous solution after removing CHaCN by rotary evaporator was lyopbilized to give additional 1.15 g of the title compound 3-81. The crude aqueous layer was further extracted with EtOAc several times. The ethyl acetate extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered, concentrated, and crystallized from MeOH to give additional 200 mg of the title compound 3-81. The total yield: 2.8 g (12.2 mmol, Y. 24.5%); MS m/z 230 (MH), HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for CnHi2N5O (M+H), 230.1042, found 230.1038 (A - 1.7 ppm); JH NMR (CDC13) 8ppm 2.54 (3H, s, CH3), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.73 (1H, s, H-3), 7.40 (1H, s, H-2), 7.56 (1H, s, H-5), 9.15 (1H, s, triazole-H-5); 13C NMR (CDC13, 125.7 MHz) 5 ppm 14.2 (triazole-Me), 56.3 (OMe), 100.5 (C-3), 116.9 (C- 5), 123.5, 127.2, 127.5 (C-2), 129.5 (C-7), 141.2 (C-5'), 149.5 (C-4), 161.8 (C-3'); Anal. Calcd for CnHnN5O: C 57.63, H 4.83, N 30.55, found C 57.37, H 4.64, N 30.68. The structure was confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis using crystals obtained from C-18 column fractions. A portion of C-18 column fractions containing a mixture of the desired 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazolyl analog 3-81 and isomeric 5-methyl- 1,2,4-triazolyl analog 4-81 was further purified by C-18 reverse phase column eluting with 8-10% CHaCN/HiO. Appropriate fractions were extracted with CH2C12, and slow evaporation of the solvent gave crystalline material of the isomeric 7-(5-methyll, 2,4-triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole (4-81): MS m/z 230 (MH), H NMR (CDC13) 8ppm 3.05 (3H, s, CH3), 4.07 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.74 (1H, q, J=2.4, H-2), 7.37 (1H, t, J=2.4, H-3), 7.65 (1H, s, H-5), 8.07 (1H, s, triazole-H-3). The structure was confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis. Procedure: A1C13 (40 g, 0.3 mol, 15 eq.) was dissolved in a solution of CH2C12 (100 mL) and nitromethane (20 mL) under dry nitrogen. To this solution was added compound 3-81 (4.58 g, 0.02 mol) under stirring and under N2, followed by methyl chlorooxoacetate (9.8 g, 0.08 mol, 4 eq.). The mixture was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 1.5 h. The mixture was added drop-wise to a cold and stirred solution of 20% aqueous ammonium acetate solution (750 mL). The mixture was stirred for 20 min and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed thoroughly with water and dried in vacua to obtain 4.7 g (0.015 mol, Y. 75%) of the title compound 5- 81 as white solid: MS m/z 316 (MH); HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for Ci4H14N5O4 (M+H), 316.1046; found 316.1041 (A -1.6 ppm); H NMR (CDC13, 500 MHz) 5ppm 2.58 (3H, s, CH3), 3.96 (3H, s, OCH3), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 7.76 (1H, s, H-5), 8.34 (1H, d, J=3Hz, H-2), 9.15 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 11.0 (1H, brs, NH). More title compound 5-81 and hydrolyzed acid 6-81 can be obtained from the filtrate by acidbase extraction with EtOAc. Procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 5-81 (2.2 g, 7.0 mmol) in MeOH (50 mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (56 mL, 14 mmol, 2 eq.) at room temperature and the mixture stirred for 15 min by which time HPLC indicated the hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua quickly to remove MeOH, and to the residual solution was added water (100 mL) and IN HC1 (14 mL) with stirring to neutralize the mixture. The resultant fine precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 1.98 g ( 6.58 mmol, Y. 94%) of the title compound 6-81 as off-white solid: MS m/z 302 (MH); H NMR (DMSO-^j, 500 MHz) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3.98 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.87 (1H, s, H-5), 8.29 (1H, d, J=3.5Hz, H-2), 9.25 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.37 (1H, s, NH). Alternative procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 5-81 (10.7 g, 34 mmol) in MeOH (150 mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (272 mL, 68 mmol, 2 eq.) at room temperature and the mixture stirred for 20 min by which time HPLC indicated the hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua quickly to remove MeOH, and the.residual solution was extracted with EtOAc to remove any neutral impurities. To the aqueous phase was added IN HC1 (68 mL, 68 mmol) to neutralize the product. The resultant mixture was frozen and lyophilized to obtain 14.1 g ( 33.7 mmol, Y. 99.2%) of the title compound 6-81, containing 2 mole equivalents of NaCl as off-white solid. This material was used in the subsequent reaction without further purification. The sodium salt of the title compound 6-81 was obtained by C-18 reverse phase column cbromatography after sodium bicarbonate treatment: HPLC 97% (AP, uv at 254nm); HRMS (Na salt, ESI") for C13H10N5O4 (M-H), 300.0733; found 300.0724 (A -3 ppm); H NMR (Na salt, DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) 5 ppm 2.37 (3H, s, Me), 3.83 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.56 (1H, s, H-5), 8.03 (1H, s, H-2), 9.32 (1H, s, triazole-H-5); 13C NMR (Na salt, DMSO-4s, 125.7 MHz) 8 ppm 13.8 (triazole-Me), 57.2 (OMe), 114.8 (C-3), 120.0 (C-5), 125.1, 143.5 (C-55), 149.8 (C-4), 160.0 (C-3'), 171.7,191.3. Procedure: To a solution of the acid 6-81 (3.01 g, 10 mmol) and benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (3.39 g, 15 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was added triethylamine (10.1 g, 100 mmol, 10 eq.), followed by l-[3-(dimemylammo)propyl]-3-ethylcarboftirflide hydrochloride (EDC; 5.75 g, 30 mmol) under N2 and the mixture stirred at room temperature for 22 h after sonication and at 40°C for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove DMF and TEA, and to the residual solution was added water (200 mL) under stirring and sonication. The precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 2.8 g (5.9 mmol, Y. 59%) of the title compound Example 316 as off-white solid. The filtrate was extracted with CH2C12 (x2). The CH2C12 extracts were dried (Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated to gum which was triturated with Et2O to obtain a solid. This solid was suspended and triturated with MeOH to obtain 400 mg of the title compound Example 316 as off-white solid. Total yield: 3.2 g (6.8 mmol, Y. 68%): MS m/z 474 (MH); HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for OHC (M+H) 474.1890, found 474.1884 (A - 1.2 ppm); H NMR (DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3.43 (4H, br, CHaN), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.99 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar- Hs), 7.88 (IH, s, indole-H-5), 8.25 (IH, s, indole-H-2), 9.25 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 12.40 (IH, s, NH); 13C-NMR (DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 13.78, 40.58, 45.11, 56.78,114.11, 120.95, 122.71, 123.60, 126.98, 128.34, 129.6, 135.43, 138.52, 142.10, 149.15, 161.29,166.17,169.22,185.42; UV (MeOH) Xmax 233.6 nm (e 3.43xl04), 314.9 nm (e 1.73xl04); Anal: Calc for C24H24N7O4.1/5H2O; C 60.42, H 4.94, N 20.55, Found; C 60.42, H 5.03, N 20.65; KF (H2O) 0.75%. This reaction can also be performed by use of HATU and DMAP to provide more consistent yield of the title compound: To a suspension of the acid 6-81 (15.6 mmol) and HATU [O-(7-azabenzotriazol-l-yl) -tetramethyluronium hexafluorophos phonate] (8.90 g, 23.4 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in DMF (60 mL) and CH2C12 (60 mL) was added a mixture of DMAP (5.72 g, 46.8 mmol, 3 eq.) and benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (5.30 g, 23.4 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in DMF (60 mL) at room temperature and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen atmosphere for 4 hrs. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove QHfeCh and most of DMF, and to the residual solution was added water under stirring and sonication. The precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 5.38 g (11.4 mmol, Y. 72.8%) of the title compound Example 316 as off-white solid: HPLC 95% (AP, uv at 254nm). Preparation of Example 317 Example 317 Procedure: To a solution of the acid 6-81, containing 2 mole equivalent of NaCl (4.1 g, 9.8 mmol) in CH2C12 (30 mL) and DMF (30 mL) was added at -10°C under anhydrous nitrogen HATU [O-(7-azabenzotriazol-lyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetrmethyluroniuni hexafluorophosphate] (5.59 g, 14.7 mmol; 1.5 eq.), and stirred at -10°C for SOmin. To this mixture was added a solution of 2-(R)-methyl-N-benzoylpiperazuie trifluoroacetate (4.7 g, 14.7 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and dimemylaminopyridine (3.5 g, 29 mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (30 mL) and CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and the mixture stirred at room temperature overnight, by which time HPLC analysis indicated reaction was essentially complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove valatiles and DMF, and to the residue was added water (-150 mL) under stirring and sonication. The precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 4.3 g of the title compound Example 317 as off-white solid. This was dissolved in 20% MeOH in CH2C12 (about 250 mL), removing any insoluble material, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to remove more volatile CH2C12. The resultant precipitate was collected, washed with MeOH and then with Et2O to obtain 3.5 g (7.18 mmol, Y. 73.2%; AP >99%) of the title compound Example 317 as offwhite solid: LC/MS m/z 488 (MH); 1H NMR (DMSO-Jd) 8 ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d, J = 7Hz), 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3-4.3 (8H, m, CH2N), 3.98, 4.00 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.45 (5H, m, Ar-Hs), 7.89 (1H, s, indole-H-5), 8.19, 8.26 (1H, 2s, indole-H-2), 9.24, 9.25 (1H, 2s, triazole-H-5), 12.40 (1H, br.s, NH); Anal: Calc for C25H25N7O4; C 61.59, H 5.16, N 20.11, Found; C 61.69, H 5.27, N 20.10; KF (H20) 0.1%. The following compounds, Examples 187,245, and 241, were also prepared by the method described above using appropriate azoles (1,2,4-triazole for Example 187, and Example 245; 3-methylpyrazole for Example 241. Example 187 Example 245 Preparation of Example 316 Example 241 Alternate Preparation of Example 316 Precursor 5fa Example 316 A mixture of compound precursor 5b (150 mg, 0.35 mmol), 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazole (581 mg, 7 mmol; 20 eq.; prepared by the method described in Coll Czech. Chem. Comm. 1985, 49, 2492), copper powder (45 mg, 0.7 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium carbonate (97 mg, 0.7 mmol; 2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at 160°C for 11 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and purified by C-18 reverse phase column (Prep. System eluting with MeOH-water containing 0.1% TFA) to obtain 19 mg (0.040 mmol, Y. 11%) of the title compound Example 216 as amorphous powder (TFA salt): MS m/e 474 (MH); H NMR (DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.00 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.89 (1H, s), 8.25 (1H, s), 9.24 (1H, s), 12.41 (1H, s, NH). Alternate Preparation of Example 317 Example 317 A mixture of compound 5z (220 mg, 0.5 mmol), 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazole (830 mg, 10 mmol; 20 eq.; prepared by the method described in Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm. 1985, 49, 2492), copper powder (63.5 mg, 1 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium carbonate (138 mg, 1 mmol; 2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at 160°C for 11 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and purified by C-18 reverse phase column (Prep. System eluting with gradient 0-70% MeOH-water containing 0.1% TFA) to obtain 24 mg (0.049 mmol, Y. 9.8%) of the title compound Example 317 as amorphous powder (TFA salt): MS m/e 488 (MH); 'H NMR (CD3OD) 8 ppm 1.30,1.35 (3H, 2d, J=7Hz), 2.54 (3H, s, CH3), 3-4.5 (8H, m, CH2N), 4.04,4.05 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 7.46,7.47 (5H, 2s, Ar-Hs), 7.85, 7.86 (1H, 2s), 8.28, 8.31 (1H, 2s), 9.22 (1H, s). Preparation of Example 318 A mixture of compound 5b (150 mg, 0.35 mmol), 4-methylrmidazole (517 mg, 6.2 mmol; 18 eq.; Aldrich), copper powder (26 mg, 0.42 mmol; 1.2 eq.), potassium carbonate (57 mg, 0.42 mmol; 1.2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at 160°C for 6 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and purified by C-18 reverse phase column elating with 15% CH3CN-water containing 0.1% TFA to obtain 32 mg (0.068 mmol, Y. 19%) of the title compound Example 318 as amorphous powder (TFA salt). H-NMR indicates contamination of about 30% of the isomeric product, 5-methylimidazolyl analog: MS (ES) m/e 473 (MH); 'H NMR (CD3OD) 8 ppm 2.25 (s), 2.51 (3H, s, CH3), 3.63 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.9 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.13 (3H, s, CH3O), 4.15 (s), 7.50 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.60 (s), 7.89 (1H, s), 8.03 (1H, s), 8.11 (s), 8.43 (1H, s), 9.35 (s), 9.42 (1H, s). A mixture of precursor 4-81b (30 mg, 0.11 mmol; prepared from 7-(5-methyl-l,2,4- triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole by the method used for the best mode-preparation of Example 316), benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (39 mg, 0.17 mmol), triethylamine (200 mg, 1.9 mmol; 18 eq.), l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC; 77 mg, 0.45 mmol) in 1:1 DMF-NMP (1 mL) was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 20 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to remove DMF and to the residue was added water and the mixture stirred to form precipitates which were collected and dried to obtain 14 mg (0.030 mmol, Y. 27%) of the title compound Example 319 as amorphous powder: MS m/e 474 (MH); JH NMR (DMSO-d6) 8 ppm 2.67 (3H, s, CH3), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.02 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.98 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 8.24 (1H, s), 12.57 (1H, s, NH). A mixture of compound 4-81b (30 mg, 0.11 mmol; prepared from 7-(5-methyl-1,2,4- triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole by the method used for the best mode-preparation of Example 316), 2R-methyl-l-benzoylpiperazine trifluoroacetate (54 mg, 0.17 mmol), triethylamine (200 mg, 1.9 mmol; 18 eq.), l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC; 77 mg, 0.45 mmol) in 1:1 DMF-NMP (1 mL) was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 20 h. More EDC (20 mg) was added to the mixture and stirred for additional 6 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove DMF and to the residue was added water and the product was extracted with EtOAc twice. The EtOAc extracts were dried (MgSCW, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with 5%MeOH-CH2Cl2 to obtain 10 mg (0.021 mmol, Y. 19%) of the title compound Example 320 as amorphous powder: MS m/e 488 (MH); H NMR (CDC13) 5 ppm 1.33, 1.36 (3H, 2d, J=7Hz), 3.00 (3H, s, CH3), 3-4.6 (8H, m, CH2N), 4.05 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.38-7.44 (5H, m, Ar-Hs), 7.81 (1H, s), 8.02 (1H, s), 8.16, 8.17, 8.18, 8.19 (lH,4s), 11.10 (lH,s,NH). Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (6.0 g, 0.1 mol; Aldrich) and thiopropionamide (8.92 g, 0.1 mol; TCI) was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath temp.) for 2 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen. It was cooled and stored at room temperature overnight. The solid reaction mixture was suspended in 20% EtOAc/CH2Q2) removing insoluble solid and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography, eluting first with 50-80% EtOAc/CH2Cl2, removing by-products, and then with 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2, collecting 5.4 g (0.056 mol, Y. 56 %) of the tide compound as a solid: MS (ESI -) m/z 96 (MH); H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 1.37 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 2.88 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz), 8.06 (1H, 5-H), 9.4 (1H, br, NH). A mixture of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindole 2e (910 mg, 5.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (1.38 g, 10 mmol, 2 eq.), copper powder (635 mg, 10 mmol, 2 eq.), and 3-ethyl-l,2,4-triazole (2.4 g, 25 mmol, 5 eq.) in a sealed tube was heated at 145-150°C (external oil bath temperature) for 52 h, by which time HPLC analysis indicated no more reaction progressed. After cooling, MeOH was added, the insoluble material (copper powder) was filtered through a Celite pad, and rinsed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (50% EtOAc/CH2Cl2) to obtain 450 mg of the products as an about 4:1 mixture of two regio-isomers. This was further separated by C-18 reverse phase silica gel (YMC, ODS-A 75 pin) eluted with 15% CH3CN/H2O containing 0.1% TFA. The fractions containing the major isomer were concentrated in vacuo to remove acetonitrile and the aqueous solution was extracted with CH2C12 after neutralizing with aqueous sodium bicarbonate to obtain the title compound 3-82 (305 mg, 1.25 mmol; Y. 25%): HPLC 97% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 244 (M+H); JH NMR (CDC13) Sppm 1.43 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz; CH3), 2.91 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz; CH2), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.71 (IH, dd, J=6, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.57 (IH, t, J=3 Hz, H-2), 7.57 (IH, s, H-5), 9.16 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 10.3 (IH, br, NH). Preparation of 4-82 Procedure: AlCla (2.50 g, 18.8 mmol, 15 eq.) was dissolved in a solution (8 mL) and nitromethane (2 mL) under dry nitrogen. To this solution was added compound 3-82 (305 mg, 1.26 mmol) under stirring and under N2) followed by methyl chlorooxoacetate (612 mg, 5.0 mol, 4 eq.). The mixture was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 1.5 h. The mixture was added drop-wise to a cold and stirred solution of 20% aqueous ammonium acetate solution (120 mL). The mixture was stirred for 30 min and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed thoroughly with water and dried in vacua to obtain 320 mg (0.97 mmol, Y. 77%) of the title compound 5-82 as a solid: HPLC purity 97% (AP at 254nm); LC/MS m/z 330 (M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-40 Sppm 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, CH3), 2.85 (2H3 q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 3.89 (3H, s, OCH3), 3.99 (3H, s, OCH3), 7.90 (IH, s, H-5), 8.35 (IH, s, H- 2), 9.25 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 12.4 (IH, brs, NH). Procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 4-82 (315 mg, 0.957 mmol) in MeOH (8 mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (7.6 mL, 1.9 mmol, 2 eq.) at room temperature and the mixture stirred for 15 min by which time HPLC indicated the hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua quickly to remove MeOH, and to the residual solution was added water (-10 mL) and IN HC1 (2 mL) with stirring to neutralize the mixture. The resultant fine precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 285 mg (0.904 mmol, Y. 94%) of the title compound 5-82 as off-white solid: HPLC purity >96% (AP at 254nm); LC/MS m/z 316 (M+H); H NMR (DMSO- Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 3.97 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.88 (1H, s, H-5), 8.30 (1H, d, J=3 Hz, H-2), 9.24 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.28 (1H, s, NH). A mixture of the acid 5-82 (126 mg, 0.4 mmol) and HATU (O-(7- azabenzotriazol-l-yl)-N,N)N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafmorophosphonate, 228 mg, 0.6 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in a mixture of CHaCfe (2 mL) and DMF (2 mL) was stirred for SOmin under N2. To this mixture was added a mixture of benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (136 mg, 0.60 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and DMAP (dimethylaminipyriduie, 147 mg,1.2 mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (2 mL), and the mixture ws stirred at room temperature under N2 for 15 min, by which tune HPLC indicated the reaction was complete. The mixture was quickly concentrated in vacua to remove DMF and all volatile materials, and to the residue was added water (50 mL) under stirring and sonication. The precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 160 mg (0.328 mmol, Y. 82%) of the title compound Example 321 as off-white solid: HPLC purity 100% (AP, at 254nm); LC/MS m/z 488 (M+H); :H NMR (DMSO-J6) S ppm 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 3.43 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.00 (3H, s, CH30), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.89 (1H, s, indole-H-5), 8.26 (1H, s, iadole-H-2), 9.25 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.32 (1H, br.s, NH). Procedure: A mixture of the acid 5-82 (79 mg, 0.25 mmol) and HATU (O-(7- a2abenzotriazol-l-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurom'ura hexafluorophosphonate, 142 mg, 0.375 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in a mixture of CHaCla (1 mL) and DMF (1 mL) was stirred for 30min under N2. To this mixture was added a mixture of benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (136 mg, 0.60 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and DMAP (dimethylaminipyridine, 92 mg, 0.75 mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (1 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature under N2 for 15 min, by which time HPLC indicated the reaction was complete. The mixture was quickly concentrated in vacua to remove all solvents, CHada and DMF, and to the residue was added water (-25 mL) under stirring and sonication. The resultant gum were further washed with water and collected by decantation. The residual gum was dried in vacuo. The solution of this gum in isopropanol was concentrated in vavuo to remove any residual water. Addition of anhydrous diethyl ether and trituaration gave 90 mg (0.18 mmol, Y. 72%) of the title compound Example 322 as off-white solid: HPLC purity -95% (AP, at 254nra); LC/MS m/z 502 (M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-rfd) 5 ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d, J=6.6 Hz, Me), 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N, CHN), 3.99, 4.00 (3H, 2s,-CH3O), 7.45 (5H; br. s, Ph-Hs), 7.89 (IH, s, indole-H-5), 8.20, 8.25 (IH, 2s, indole-H-2), 9.24, 9.25 (IH, 2s, triazole-H-5), 12.29, 12.32 (IH, 2br.s,NH). The following compounds, Example 323, and Example 324, were prepared by the method described above using 3-(methoxymethyl)-l,2,4-triazole (10-83). Procedure: To a mixture of methoxyacetonitrile (25 g, 0.35 mol: Aldrich) and diethylamine (1 g, 8.6 mmol) was condensed H2S (50 mL), and the mixture was sealed, and heated at 50°C for 14 hrs. After cooling volatile materials were evaporated and the residue was dissolved in water, extracted with EtOAc several times. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (EtOAc:CH2Cl2=l:10) to obtain 13 g (0.12 mol, Y. 35%) of the title compound as a dark oil: GC/MS m/z 105 (M); H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 3.43 (3H, s, CH3),4.26(2H,s,CH2). Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (4.58 g, 0.0763 mol) and methoxythioacetamide (8.92 g, 0.1 mol) was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath temp.) for 2 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen. It was cooled and stored at room temperature overnight. The solid reaction mixture was suspended in 20% EtOAc/CH2C12, removing insoluble solid and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography, eluting first with 50-80% EtOAc/CH2Cl2, removing by-products, and then with 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2, collecting 3.8 g (0.034 mol, Y. 44 %) of the title compound 10-83 as a solid: JH NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 3.48 (3H, s, MeO), 4.67 (2H, s, CH2), 8.10 (1H, s, 5-H). 462 Y. 9 %: HPLC 98% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 260 (M+H); H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 3.53 (3H, s, MeO), 4.06 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 4.69 (2H, s, CH2), 6.73 (IH, dd, J=3, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.40 (IH, t, J=2.7 Hz, H-2), 7.58 (IH, s, H-5), 9.16 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 10.2 (IH, br, NH). Compound 12-83 Y. 78 %: HPLC 100 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 346 (M+H); 'H NMR (CD3OD) 8ppm 3.51 (3H, s, MeO), 3.94 (3H, s, MeO), 4.05 (3H, s, MeO), 4.71 (2H, s, CH2), 7.87 (IH, s), 8.35 (IH, s), 9.33 (IH, s, triazole-H-5). Compound 13-83 Y. 97 %: HPLC 98 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 332 (M+H); :H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 3.49 (IH, s, OH), 3.55 (3H, s, MeO), 4.10 (3H, s, MeO), 4.72 (2H, s, CH2), 7.84 (IH, s, H-5), 9.13 (IH, d, J=3.3 Hz), 9.21 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 11.15 (IH, br.NH). Example 323 Example 323 OMe Y. 79 %: HPLC 100 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) ra/z 504 (M+H); H NMR (DMSO-^s) 5ppm 3.39 (3H, s, MeO), 3.42 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.01 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 4.61 (2H, s, CH2), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.92 (IH, s), 8.27 (IH, s), 9.36 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 12.42 (IH, br.s, NH). Example 324 Example 324 Y. 69 %: HPLC97 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 518 (M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-&) 5ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N, CHN), 3.39 (3H, s, MeO), 4.00, 4.01 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 4.61 (2H, s, CH2), 7.4-7.5 (5H, m, Ph- Hs), 7.92 (IH, s, indole-H-5), 8.21, 8.29 (IH, 2s, indole-H-2), 9.35, 9.36 (IH, 2s, triazole-H-5), 12.4 (IH, br, NH). The following compounds, Examples 325, 326, 327, and 328, were prepared by the method described above using 4-methyl-l,2,3-triazole (19-84). Procedure: This compound 19-84 was prepared by the method described in M. Begtrup J. Chem Soc., Perkin Transactions II, 1976,736. A mixture of m-nitrobenzoyl azide (38.4 g, 0.200 mol; prepared from m-nitrobenzoyl chloride and sodium azide following the procedure described in Org. Syn. Coll. Vol. IV, 1963, p. 715) and l-triphenylphosphoranylidene-2-propanone (63.6 g, 0.200 mol: Aldrich) in CHjQb (300 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to obtain a solid. This solid was dissolved in MeOH, and the solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, and the precipitates formed were removed. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was extracted with water (500 mL) containing TFA (17 mL). This solution was washed once with a small amount of CHaCh to remove the most of triphenylphosphine, and the aqueous phase neutralized with NaHCOS to pH 7 and extracted five times with CHaCla (total of 500 mL). The combined extracts were dried over Na2SO4, concentrated to obtain 7.6 g (0.091 mol, Y. 46%) of the title compound 19-84 as a yellow oil: JH NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.37 (3H, s, Me), 7.50 (1H, s, 5-H), 10.41 (1H, br, NH). Compound 20-84 Yield 5-9 %: HPLC purity 100% (RT 1.89mm, AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 230 (M+H); H NMR (CDC13) 8ppm 2.47 (3H, s, Me), 4.07 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 6.74 (1H, t, J=2.7 Hz, H-3), 7.42 (1H, t, J=2.7 Hz, H-2), 7.62 (1H, s, H-5), 8.41 (1H, s, triazole- H-5), 10.3 (1H, br, NH). The structure was confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 21-84 Yield 11-14 %: HPLC purity 100% (RT 1.36min, AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 230 (M+H); :H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 2.48 (3H, s, Me), 4.06 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 6.74 (IH, dd, J=3, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.39 (IH, t, J=3 Hz, H-2), 7.68 (IH, s, H-5), 7.72 (IH, br, triazole-H-5), 10.25 (IH, br, NH). Compound 22-84 Yield 79 %: HPLC purity 94% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 316 (M+H); 1R NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.49 (3H, s, Me), 3.96 (3H, s, OMe), 4.07 (3H, s, OMe), 7.81 (IH, s, H-5), 8.38 (IH, d, J=3.3 Hz, H-2), 8.42 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 11.07 (IH, br, NH). Compound 23-84 Yield 81 %: HPLC purity >95% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 316 (M+H); H NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.49 (3H, s, Me), 4.00 (3H, s, OMe), 4.05 (3H, s, OMe), 7.72 (IH, s, H-5), 7.89 (IH, br.s, triazole-H-5), 8.33 (IH, d, J=3 Hz, H-2), 11 (IH, br, NH). Compound 24-84 Yield 83 %: HPLC purity 98% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 302 (M+H); 'H NMR (CD3OD) 8ppm 2.46 (3H, s, Me), 4.06 (3H, s, OMe), 7.89 (IH, s, H-5), 8.39 (IH, d, J=3.3 Hz, H-2), 8.58 (IH, s, triazole-H-5). Compound 25-84 Yield 74 %: HPLC purity 100% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 302 (M+H); :H NMR (CD3OD) 6ppm 2.50 (3H, s, Me), 4.05 (3H, s, OMe), 7.84 (IH, s), 7.90 (IH, s), 8.39 (IH, s). Example 325 Example 325 Y. 76 %: HPLC 98 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 474 (M+H); XH NMR (DMSO-40 5ppm 2.40 (3H, s, Me), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.02 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.96 (IH, s), 8.21 (IH, s), 8.68 (IH, s, triazole- H-5), 12.72 (lH,br.s,NH). Example 326 Y. 62 %: HPLC 97 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 488 (M+H); H NMR (DMSO-^j) 5ppm 1.14,1.21 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.40 (3H, s, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N, CHN), 4.01, 4.02 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.96 (IH, s)/8.16, 8.23 (IH, 2s), 8.675, 8.68 (IH, 2d, J=2.5 Hz), 12.72 (IH, br.s, NH). Compound Example 327 Example 327 Y. 73 %: HPLC 96 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 474 (M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-4) 8ppm 2.45 (3H, s, Me), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.01 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.93 (IH, s), 8.04 (IH, s), 8.24 (IH, d, J=3Hz, H-2), 12.51 (IH, br.s, NH). Example 328 Y. 74 %: HPLC 99 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 488 (M+H); :H NMR (DMSO-40 8ppm 1.15,1.22 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.45 (3H, s, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N, CHN), 4.00,4.01 (3H, 2s, CH30), 7.45 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.92 (IH, s), 8.03 (IH, s), 8.18, 8.26 (IH, 2s), 12.5 (IH, br.s, NH). Preparation of Example 329 A mixture of compound 5b (128 mg, 0.3 mmol), imidazole-4-propionic acid (1.26 g, 9 mmol; 30 eq.; prepared from urocanic acid by catalytic hydrogenation using 10% Pd-C in acetic acid, following the procedure described in J. Altaian, N. Shoef, M. Wilchek, and A. Warshawsky J. Ghent Soc., PerJdn Trans. I, 1984, 59), copper powder (38 mg, 0.6 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium carbonate (83 mg, 0.6 mmol; 2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at 190°-200°C (oil bath temp.) for 2 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and purified by C-18 reverse phase column (YMC, eluting with 15% CHsCN-water containing 0.1% TFA) to obtain 12 mg (0.023 mmol, Y. 7.5%) of the title compound Example 329 as amorphous powder (about 1:1 mixture of two regio-isomers): HPLC purity 96% (AP, at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 531 (M+H); H NMR (CD3OD) 6 ppm 2.74, 3.00 (2H, 2t, J=7 Hz), 2.82, 3.11 (2H, 2t, J=7 Hz), 3.59 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.79 (4H, br, CH2N), .79,4.10 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 6.73 (s), 7.33 (s), 7.48 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.93 (br.s), 8.00 (s), 8.10 (s), 8.40 (s), 8.77 (s), 9.43 (br.s). The following compounds, Examples 330 and 331 were similarly prepared by following the above procedure. Example 330 Y. 10 % (150°C, 7h): HPLC 93 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 485 (M+H); XH NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz) Sppm 3.63 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.84 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.05 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.32 (2H, m, pyr-Hs), 7.52 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.71 (IH, s), 8.06 (IH, t, J=7.5 Hz, pyr-H), 8.48 (IH, d, J=4.5 Hz), 8.60 (IH, s). Example 331 Y. 10 % (150°C, 7h): HPLC 93 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 563 (M+H); XH NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.76 (3h. S, Me), 3.55 (4H, br, CHzN), 3.78 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.09 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 6.71 (IH, t, J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.43 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.68 (IH, t, J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.82 (IH, t, J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.91(1H, s), 8.15 (IH, s), 10.84 (IH, br, A mixture of precursor 5w (71.5 mg, 0.17 mmol) in MeOH (1.5 mL) was cooled to 0°C, and saturated with hydrogen chloride gas over the course of 10 min. The volatiles were then evaporated via blowing N2 overnight to provide precursor 5wa. H NMR: (DMSO-d (s, 5H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 436, HPLCRt = 1.357 (Column G). To a mixture of precursor 5wa (10 mg, 23 jimol) in acetic acid (0.4 mL) and acetic anhydride (0.75 mL) at 0°C, was added NaNO2 (30 mg, 0.43 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min, and allowed to warm, to ambient temperature. After stirring for an additional 1.5 hr, the mixture was filtered and the residue dried under vacuum to give the desired compound 5wb an off-white solid. XH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.44 (s, IH), 8.08 (s, IH), 7.48 (b s, 5H), 4.14-3.27 (m, 8H), 4.14 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 437, HPLC Rt = 0.750 (Column G). Precursor 5wc A flask was charged with precursor 5wb (2.6 mg, 6.0 pmol), DMF (0.5 mL), tertbutyl carbazate (1.2 mg, 8.9 jimol), DEPBT (5.4 mg, 18 nmol), and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine (10 nL, 30 pmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The product 5wc was separated using the following reverse phase preparative HPLC method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 6min, Row Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pinl9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 4.38 - 4.59 min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.29 (s, IH), 8.11 (s, IH), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 4.11-3.28 (m, 8H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.50 (b s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 551, HPLC Rt = 1.203 (Column G). Precursor 5wd To precursor 5wc (57 mg, 0.104 mmol) was added a solution of HC1 in 1,4-dioxane (4 M, 0.25 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The deprotection afforded the desired product precursor 5wd cleanly. The excess reagent and solvent were evaporated via blowing Na, and the product dried under vacuum. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 451, HPLC Rt = 0.803 (Column G). precursor 5we precursor 5wf A solution of precursor Swe (106 mg, 0.25 mmol) in MeOH (2.5 mL) in a sealed tube at 0°C was flushed with N2, and saturated with HC1 gas for 10 min. The tube was closed and the reaction mixture was stirred at 70°C for 50 minutes. After cooling to ambient temperature, the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo to give precursor 5wf. H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.33, 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.13, 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.48- 7.44 (m, 5H), 4.60-3.10 (b m, 7H), 4.12, 4.11 (s, 3H) 4.06 (s, 3H), 1.35,1.29 (d, / = 6.5,7.0,3H); LC/MS: (ES+)m/z (M+H)+ = 465, HPLC Rt = 0.993 (Column G). Precursor 5w% To a solution of precursor 5wf (65 mg, 0.14 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) was added NaOH (1.5 mL, 1N aq.~). The mixture was stirred for 2 hours, and upon which time HC1 (1.5 mL, 1 N aq.) was added to quench the reaction. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo to give precursor 5wg. H NMR: (TFA solvate, CDaOD) 8 8.54, 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.11 (b s, 1H), 7.57-7.48 (b s, 5H), 4.60-3.10 (b m, 7H), 4.17,4.16 (s, 3H), 1.37,1.33 (d, /= 6.5, 6.0, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 451, HPLC Rt = 0.837 (Column G). Precursor 5wh To a mixture of precursor 5wg (22 mg, 0.048 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) were added fcrt-butyl carbazate (14 mg, 0.11 mmol), DEPBT (53 mg, 0.18 mmol), and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine (40 (iL, 0.23 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight, and the desired compound precursor 5wh was isolated via preparative reverse phase HPLC using the following conditions: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 6min, Flow Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5nml9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 4.37 - 4.98 min. 1H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.28, 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.08 (b s, 1H), 7.47-7.43 (m, 5H), 4.75-3.26 (m, 7H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.50 (b s, 9H), 1.36-1.27 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 565, HPLC Rt = 1.207 (Column G). Precursor 5wi A mixture of precursor 5wh in a solution of HC1 in 1,4-dioxane (0.2 mL, 4 M) was stirred for 3.5 hr at ambient temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo, and the crude mixture was purified via reverse phase preparative HPLC using the following method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 6mm, How Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pinl9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 3.20 - 3.80 mia. H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.74, 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.31, 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.47-7.44 (m, 5H), 4.46-3.35 (m, 7H), 4.18, 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.38-1.22 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 465, HPLC R, = 0.850 (Column G). Example 333 and Example 334 Example 334 Thioacetamide (2 mg, -22 jumol) was added to Example 333 (10 ing, 20 [unol, HC1 salt) in a round-bottom flask. The mixture was heated to 150°C for 20 minutes, after which it was cooled to ambient temperature, and diluted with MeOH. Purification of the desired compound Example 334 was performed via preparative reverse phase HPLC using the following method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 6min, Flow Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pm.l9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 3.47 - 3.86 min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.64, 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.04 (b s, 1H), 7.49-7.44 (m, 5H), 4.37-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.36-1.32 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 488, HPLC Rt = 0.973 (column G). The following examples were prepared in a similar manner as above. Example 335 Preparation of Example 335 H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.60, 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, / = 3,1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.59- 7.54 (m, 4H), 7.50-7.46 (m, 5H), 4.37-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 1.37, 1.33 (d, J= 6.5, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 550, HPLC Rt = 1.283(column G). Example 336 Example 336 H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.66, 8.64 (s, IH), 8.04 (d, 7=3, IH), 7.49-7.40 (m, 5H), 4.41- 3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16,4.14 (s, 3H), 3.00 (q, /= 7.5, 2H), 1.46 (t, J = 7.5, 3H), 1.36-1.32 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 502, HPLC Rt = 1.007(coluron G). Example 337 Example 337 H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.59, 8.57 (s, IH), 8.11 (b d, IH), 7.48-7.40 (m, 9H), 4.46-3.39 (m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 1.40-1.29 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 564, HPLC Rt = 1.363 (column G). Example 338 Example 338 JH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 9.62 (s, IH), 9.11 (s, IH), 8.82 (d, J = 5.5, IH), 8.47 (d, J = 8.5, IH), 8.19 (s, IH), 7.98 (s, IH), 7.49-7.46 (m, 5H), 4.64-3.35 (m, 7H), 4.14, 4.13 (s, 3H), 1.37, 1.32 (d, J = 7, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 551, HPLC Rt = 1.090 (column G). Example 339 Example 339 H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.50 (s, IH), 8.17 (b d, IH), 7.53-7.45 (m, 9H), 4.64-3.35 (m, 7H), 4.14, 4.13 (s, 3H), 1.37, 1.32 (d, /= 6.5, 7, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 584, HPLC Rt = 1.427 (column G). Example 340 Example 340 H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.56, 8.55 (s, IH), 8.36 (s, IH), 8.10 (s, IH), 7.72 (s, IH), 7.48-7.45 (m, 5H), 7.09 (s, IH), 4.64-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.15, 4.14 (s, 3H), 1.36-1.32 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 540, HPLC Rt = 1.133 (column G). Example 341 Example 341 H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.54, 8.51 (s, IH), 8.20 (s, IH), 8.14 (s, IH), 7.48-7.39 (m, 5H), 4.71-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.14, 4.13 (s, 3H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 1.37-1.29 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 571, HPLC Rt = 1.450 (column G). Example 342 Example 342 XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 5H), 4.16 (s, 3H), 3.92-3.39 (m, 8H), 2.64 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)* = 474, HPLC Rt = 0.903 (column G). Examples 343 and 344 Example 344 Precursor 5b (60 mg, 0.14 mmol), 4-fluoropyrazole (0.30 mL) (prepared as described inMolines, H.; Wakselman, C. J. Org. Chem. 1989,54, 5618-5620), copper(O) (8.0 mg, 0.13 mmol), K2C03 (15 mg, 0.11 mmol) and EtOH (0.30 mL) were combined in a sealed tube flushed with nitrogen and heated at 170 °C with microwave irradiation for 1.5h. The reaction was cooled, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC under the standard conditions described above to provide (6.6 mg,0.014 mmol) of Example 343 as a yellow solid and Example 344 (3.1 mg. 0.006 mmol) as a greenish solid. Example 343: H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 8.56 (d, / = 4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.82-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.47 (br s, 5H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.97-3.45 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C24H2iEN6O2: 477.16; found 477.16. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column G). Example 344: H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 11.16 (br s, 1H), 8.59 (s 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.78-7.62 (m, 2H), 7.43 (br s, 5H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.987-3.40 (m, 8H). MS ni/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C24H2iClN6O2: 493.13; found 493.12. HPLC retention time: 1.59 minutes (column G). Example 353 Example 353 was prepared from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 2- tributyl stannyl pxazole via the standard Stille coupling conditions described above. The 7-cbloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 353, 4- azaindole-7-(2'-oxazole): H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.68 (s, 0.5H), 8.67 (s, 0.5H), 8.45 (s, 0.5H), 8.43 (s, 0.5H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, / = 4.9 Hz, 0.5H), 7.85 (d, 7=4.9 Hz, 0.5H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 5H), 4.45-3.06 (m, 7H), 1.48 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H) 1.24 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C24H22N5O4: 444.16; found 444.23. HPLC retention time: 0.90 minutes (column G). Example 354 Example 354 was prepared from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 2- tributyl stannyl thiazole via the standard Stille coupHng conditions described above. The 7-chloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 354: 4- azaindole-7-(2'-thiazole): *H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.80 (s, 0.5H), 8.74-8.71 (m, 1.5H), 8.35 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.35 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.26 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.25 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.14 (d, J = 3.1 Hz, 0.5H), 8.14 (d, / = 3.1 Hz, 0.5H), 7.50-7.42 (m, 5H), 4.48-3.08 (m, 7H), 1.36 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32 (d, / = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H). MS mfc (M+H)+ calcd for CnHbNsQiS: 460.14; found 460.20. HPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column G). Example 355 Example 355 Example 355 was prepared via the procedure used for Example 205 from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and l,2,3,triazole. The 7-chloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 355, 4-azaindole-7-(2'-triazole) : B NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.79-8.76 (m, IB), 8.78 (s, 0.5H), 8.70 (s, 0.5H), 8.44 (d, 7 = 5.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.43 (d, 7 = 5.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.38 (s, IB), 8.38 (s, IB), 7.51- 7.42 (m, 5H), 4.50-3.21 (m, 7H), 1.37 (d, / = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32 (d, / = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H) calcd for C23H22N7O3: 444.17; found 444.26. HPLC retention time: 0.90 minutes (column G). Example 356 was prepared via the procedure used for Example 205 from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 3-methyl pyrazole. The 7-chloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine benzamide(precursor 17b)was utilized. Example 356,4-azaindole-7-(3'-methyl-2'- pyrazole): 'HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.73-8.71 (m, IH), 8.70 (s, 0.5H), 8.63 (s, 0.5H), 8.64-8.60 (m, IH), 8.06 (s, 0.5H), 8.04 (s, 0.5H), 7.52-7.42 (m, 5H), 6.68 (s, 0.5H), 6.67 (s, 0.5H), 4.61-3.21 (m, 7H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.5 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32 (d, /= 6.5 Hz, 1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C^H^N^: 457.19; found 457.33. HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column G). Biology " means micromolar; "mL" means milliliter, "nl" means microliter; "mg" means milligrara; The materials and experimental procedures used to obtain the results reported in Tables 1-5 are described below. Cells: Virus production-Human embryonic Kidney cell line, 293, propagated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) containing 10% fetal Bovine serum (FBS, Sigma, St. Louis , MO). • Virus infection- Human epithelial cell line, HeLa, expressing the HTV-1 receptors CD4 and CCR5 was propagated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) containing 10% fetal Bovine serum (FBS, Sigma, St. Louis , MO) and supplemented with 0.2 mg/mL Geneticin (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) and 0.4 mg/mL Zeocin (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). Virus-Single-round infectious reporter virus was produced by co-transfecting human embryonic Kidney 293 cells with an HIV-1 envelope DNA expression vector and a proviral cDNA containing an envelope deletion mutation and the luciferase reporter gene inserted in place of HIV-1 nef sequences (Chen et al, Ref. 41). Transfections were performed using lipofectAMINE PLUS reagent as described by the manufacturer (life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD). Experiment 1. Compound was added to HeLa CD4 CCR5 cells plated in 96 well plates at a cell density of 5 X 104 cells per well in 100 Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium containing 10 % fetal Bovine serum at a concentration of 20 2. 100 ul of single-round infectious reporter virus in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium was then added to the plated cells and compound at an approximate multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 , resulting in a final volume of 200 fJl per well and a final compound concentration of 10 3. Samples were harvested 72 h after infection. 4. Viral infection was monitored by measuring luciferase expression from viral DNA in the infected cells using a luciferase reporter gene assay kit (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Indianapolis, IN). Infected cell supematants were removed and 50 jol of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (without phenol red) and 50 pi of luciferase assay reagent reconstituted as described by the manufacturer (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Indianapolis, IN) was added per well. Luciferase activity was then quantified by measuring luminescence using a Wallac microbeta scintillation counter. 5. The percent inhibition for each compound was calculated by quantifying the level of luciferase expression'in cells infected in the presence of each compound as a percentage of that observed for cells infected in the absence of compound and subtracting such a determined value from 100. 6. An ECso provides a method for comparing the antiviral potency of the compounds of this invention. The effective concentration for fifty percent inhibition (ECso) was calculated with the Microsoft Excel Xlfit curve fitting software. For each compound, curves were generated from percent inhibition calculated at 10 different concentrations by using a four paramenter logistic model (model 205). The ECso data for the compounds is shown in Tables 2-4. Table 1 is the key for the data in Tables 2-4. Cytoxicity assays were conducted with the same HeLa using methodology well known in the art. This method has been described in the literature (S Weislow, R Kiser, DLFine, J Bader, RH Shoemaker and MR Boyd: New soluble-formazan assay for HTV-1 cytopathic effects: application to high-flux screening of synthetic and natural products for ADDS-antiviral activity. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 81(8):577-586,1989. Cells were incubated in the presence of drug for six days, after which cell viability was measured using a dye reduction assay (MTT) and determined as a CC50. This assay measures the intracellular reducing activity present in actively respiring cells. (Figure Removed) Method for extrapolating % inhibition at IPuM The compounds of Table 5 below were all found to be very potent in the assay described above using % inhibition as a criteria. In Table 5, Xa, Xi etc. indicates the point of attachment The vast majority of the compounds exhibited greater than 98% inhibition at a concentration of lOuM. The data at 10(jM was calculated in the following manner: Method for extrapolating % inhibition at The data in Table 5 was obtained using the general procedures above and by f the following methods. Data is not reported for all compounds since data for all the compounds is reported by the alternate method hi the previous Tables 1-4. The percent inhibition for each compound was calculated by quantifying the level of luciferase. expression in cells infected in the presence of compound as a percentage of that observed for cells infected in the absence of compound and subtracting such a determined value from 100. For compounds tested at concentrations less than 10 \|JM, the percent inhibition at 10 uM was determined by extrapolation using the XLfit curve fitting feature of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software. Curves were obtained from 10 data points (% inhibition determined at 10 concentrations of compound) by using a four parameter logistic model (XLfit model 205: y = A + ((BA)/( l+((C/x)D))), where, A = minimum y, B = maximum y, C = logECso, D = slope factor, and x and y are known data values. Extrapolations were performed with the A and B parameters unlocked. Thus the compounds of this invention are all potent antiviral inhibitors based on this assay. (Figure Removed)Other Compounds of the invention: The 5-aza inhibitors shown in Table 6 should also be active antiviral agents. They are also part of the invention and could be prepared from precursors la or 2s or the corresponding 7-desbromo-7-chloro precursors which are prepared analogously and the methods herein or by using other methods described herein. (Table Removed)The compounds in the following Tables exemplify without restriction some of the many additional inhibitors which could be prepared by using methodology contained herein or exemplified in the preparation of the compounds of the invention. (Table Removed)Metabolic Stability Studies of compounds in Liver Microsomes. The metabolic stability of compounds were investigated in pooled liver microsomes from humans. The human liver microsomes were obtained from BD Gentest (Lot #16, Woburn, MA) with a protein concentration of 20 mg/ml and a total cytochrome P450 (CYP) concentration of 0.55 nmol/mg protein. A stock solution of drug was prepared in acetonitrile at 1 mM. An aliquot of the stock solution was added to the incubation media to give a final concentration of 3 pM of drug, and the acetonitrile concentration not exceeding 1% in the incubation. The incubation media consisted of potassium phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4), liver microsomes (final concentration 0.9 mg/ml), magnesium chloride (0.033 mM), and a NADPH-regenerating system. The cof actors of the NADPH-regenerating system consisted of NADPH (final concentration 0.425 mg/ml), glucose-6-phosphate (final concentration 0.512 mg/ml), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (final concentration 0.6 unit/ml). The test compound was pre-incubated in the media for 2 min. The reaction was initiated by the addition of the cofactors. The incubation was carried out at 37°C for 10 min. The reaction was terminated by drawing an aliquot of 100 L from the incubation and adding into 200 fiL of acetonitrile containing a reference compound as an external analytical standard. Following vortex-mixing and centrifugation, an aliquot of 10 pL of the supernatant was analyzed by LC/MS. GUIDELINES can be used to categorized test substances as low, intermediate or highly cleared compounds. Rate (nmol/min/mg) Clearance Estimate 0 - 0.100 Low 0.101 - 0.200 Intermediate 0.201 - 0.300 High Rat Pharmacokinetic Studies: For the IV and PO pharmacokinetic studies of compounds in rats, the compound was dissolved in PEG-400/ethanol (90/10) as a solution. Rat Male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g, Hilltop Lab Animals, Inc., Scottdale, PA) with cannulas implanted in the jugular vein were used. The rats were fasted overnight in the PO pharmacokinetic studies. Blood samples of 0.3 ml were collected from the jugular vein in EDTA-containing microtainer tubes (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ), and centrifuged to separate plasma. In the IV study, the test compound was delivered at 1 mg/kg as a bolus over 0.5 min (n = 3). Serial blood samples were collected before dosing and 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480, and 1440 min after dosing. In the PO study of the test compound, the rats (n = 3) received an oral dose of 5 mg/kg of BMS-585248. Serial blood samples were collected before dosing and 15, 30,45, 60, 120,240,360,480, and 1440 min after dosing. Quantitation of Compounds in Plasma. Aliquots of plasma samples from rat, studies were prepared for analysis by precipitating plasma proteins with two volumes of acetonitrile containing an internal standard of a similar compound. The resulting supernates were separated from the precipitated proteins by centrifugation for 10 minutes and transferred to autosampler vials. Samples were either prepared manually, or with the use of the Tomtec automated liquid handler.. An aliquot of 5 uL was injected for analysis. The HPLC system consisted of two Shimadzu LC10AD pumps (Columbia, MD), a Shimadzu SDL-HTC autosampler (Columbia, MD), and a Hewlett Packard Series 1100 column compartment (Palo Alto, CA). The column was a YMC Pro CIS (2.0 x 50 mm, 3 nm particles, Waters Co., Milford, MA), maintained at 60°C and a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in water (A) and 100% 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (B). The initial mobile phase composition was 95% A. After sample injection, the mobile phase was changed to 15% A/85% B over 2 minutes and held at that composition for an additional 1 minute. The mobile phase was then returned to initial conditions and the column re-equilibrated for 1 minute. Total analysis time was 4 minutes. The HPLC was interfaced to a Micromass Quattro LC. Ultra high purity nitrogen was used as the nebulizing and desolvation gas at flow rates of 100 Uhi for nebulization and 1100 L/hr for desolvation. The desolvation temperature was 300°C and the source temperature was 150°C. Data acquisition utilized selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Ions representing the (M+H)+ species for the compound and the internal standard were selected in MSI and collisionally dissociated with argon at a pressure of 2 x 10"3 torr to form specific product ions which were subsequently monitored by MS2. The compounds of the present invention may be administered orally, parenterally (including subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques), by inhalation spray, or rectally, in dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceuticaUyacceptable carriers, adjuvants and vehicles. Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is further provided a method of treating and a pharmaceutical composition for treating viral infections such as HIV infection and AIDS. The treatment involves administering to a patient in need of such treatment a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of the present invention. The pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of oraUy-administrable suspensions or tablets; nasal sprays, sterile injectable preparations, for example, as sterile injectable aqueous or oleagenous suspensions or suppositories. When administered orally as a suspension, these compositions are prepared according to techniques well-known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and may contain microcrystalline cellulose for imparting bulk, alginic acid or sodium alginate as a suspending agent, methylcellulose as a viscosity enhancer, and sweetners/flavoring agents known in the art. As immediate release tablets, these compositions may contain macrocrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate, starch, magnesium stearate and lactose and/or other excipients, binders, extenders, disintegrants, diluents and lubricants known in the art. The injectable solutions or suspensions may be formulated according to known art, using suitable non-toxic, parenterally-acceptable diluents or solvents, such as mannitol, 1,3-butanediol, water, Ringer's solution or isotonic sodium chloride solution, or suitable dispersing or wetting and suspending agents, such as sterile, bland, fixed oils, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides, and fatty acids, including oleic acid. The compounds of this invention can be administered orally to humans in a dosage range of 1 to 100 mg/kg body weight in divided doses. One preferred dosage range is 1 to 10 mg/kg body weight orally in divided doses. Another preferred dosage range is 1 to 20 mg/kg body weight orally in divided doses. It will be understood, however, that the specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particular patient maybe varied and will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of that compound, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular condition, and the host undergoing therapy. Scheme 41a depicts methodology for converting a carboxylic acid to an alkynyl ketone. The alkynyl ketone precursors can then be converted to pyrazoles or isoxazoles upon reaction withhydrazines or hydroxyl amines, respectively. The invention is intended to cover isomers, diasteroisomers, stereoisomers, and enantiomers of the depicted formulas when one or more asymmetric carbons are present in the molecules. An asymmetric carbon is one hi which the carbon is attached to four different substitutions. In particular, the invention is intended to cover isomers or a single enantiomer especially when one enantiomer displays superior properties. Enantiomers differ from one another in that the spatial arrangement of the substituents around the chiral centers of the asymmetric carbons result in each molecule being a nonsuperimposable mirror image of the other. In this application, the configuration of the substitaents around an asymmetric carbon are defined unambiguously as either (R) which is a standard representation which stands for Latin rectus, right or (S) which is the standard representation for Latin sinister, left in the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog nomenclature system which has been in use since the 1960s. Standard rules for defining the configuration of these centers are found in any basic organic chemistry textbook. In particular, for this application and based on initial examples, when W contains a single methyl group as depicted below, when the carbon bearing the methyl group is in the (R) configuration it may show a potency advantage over the (S) enantiomer. Occasionally the (R)-methyl piperazine may show a potency advantage over the unsubstituted piperazine. These observations are compound specific effect and are not always present The unsubstituted piperazine and (S) enantiomers are still potent antiviral compounds despite occasionally being less potent than the (R) enantiomer. When the configuration of a methyl piperazine shown as below is (R) the methyl group may improve the metabolic stability of the adjacent amide as compared to the (S) methyl piperazine or the unsubstituted piperazine. However, the metabolic stability of the amide bond is compound specific and a methyl substituent is not necessarily required for optimal properties. It has now also been surprisingly found that compounds of Formula la, in which specifically R4 is an N-linked triazolyl group, attached at the 1-nitrogen position, are particularly effective for inhibiting HIV. This is discussed more fully below. The effective treatment of HIV and other viruses requires compounds that are potent inhibitors of the virus, are selective for the virus, and have the properties which allow them to safely achieve and maintain plasma level concentrations which are a maximum number multiples above the concentration required to minimally inhibit the virus. Higher exposures suppress viral replication and reduced rates of replication mean that strains of virus with resistance to the drug treatment will develop at a slower rate. Potent drugs exhibit equivalent activity from a lower concentration or lower dose than that needed to achieve the same effect from a less potent drag. Drugs which intrinsically produce higher exposures from an equivalent dose in animal models or patients (as determined by pharmacokrnetic measurements such as AUC (the sum of the concentration of drug over a particular time), Cmax, or Cmin will also provide greater benefit to the patient. Drugs which have higher stability in the presence of metabolizing pathways and enzymes will maintain their concentrations longer and thus require less frequent dosing or dosing of smaller quantities. In animals or people the rate of clearance is a frequently measured parameter to assess this property but mean retention time is also used. For accuracy, the determined measure of viral inhibition is an EC50; but the minimum plasma concentrations which should be maintained in a patient is generally believed to be at least four or five fold higher. Thus the antiviral or anti, HTV drug candidates which will be most likely to provide maximum benefits in patients and those that preclinical research programs strive to identify will exhibit 1) maximum potency 2) no general cytotoxicity vs the cell line used for the assay 3) low predicted rates of metabolism in human based on in vitro models 4) high exposure after oral dosing. Many other properties of potential drug candidates are evaluated in order to determine which compounds will have the best chance of showing optimal utility in human patients but the compounds of this invention were evaluated initially in part by determining: 1) Potency vs HIV as determined by an EC50 in an initial pseudotype assay as described in the biology section. 2) Lack of general cytotoxicity vs a Hela cell line. >100uM was used as an arbitrary cut off for safety. 3) Measurement of the rate of metabolism vs human liver microsomal preparations and from this data projecting human rate of clearance. Lower is better. 4) Estimating potential exposure in man by measuring parameters such as AUC and rate of clearance by oral and iv dosing in rats. High exposure and low clearance was desired. Aazaindole oxoacetic piperazine amides have been disclosed in two series of patent applications. The first series discloses azaindole derivatives which have promising potential as antiviral agents (hereinafter called, reference 94) Wang, Tao et al, U.S. patent 6476034 and WO 0162255 Al, filed January 19,2001, published August 30,2001. The second series (hereinafter called, reference 106) Wang, Tao, et al discloses HIV Antiviral Activity of Substituted Azaindoleoxoacetic Piperazine Derivatives in U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/214,982 filed August 7, 2002, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Serial Number 10/038,306 filed January 2, 2002 (corresponding to PCT Lit. Appl. (PCT/US02/00455), WO 02/062423 Al, filed January 2,2002, published August 15, 2002. All of the references for these two series are incorporated by reference herein. Reference 106 describes in part C-7 heteroaryl, aryl or substituted 4,5,6,or 7-azaindoles as antiviral agents and is the most relevant prior art. We have evaluated the properties of many compounds covered within the scope of references 94 and 106 and have found that the compounds having C-7, Nlinked triazole groups are surprisingly and unexpectedly superior. We initially evaluated compounds to determine which showed maximum potency or the lowest EC50 using the pseudotype assay described in the biology section of this application. In our case compounds with ECSOs less than 0.20 nM were considered of most interest since this covered the most potent compounds and accounted for assay variability of our initial screen. The stability of compounds were also evaluated to determine metabolic stability when incubated in in vitro preparations of human liver microsomes (HIM). This is one commonly used predictive system for evaluating the potential for human metabolism and projecting clearance rates in man. Compounds with low clearance rates were most desireable. Intermediate and high clearance compounds would be more likely to have difficulty achieving feasible dosing regimen's in man vs low clearance compounds. Compounds for which accurate determinations could not be made were also not advanced. Surprisingly, when the most promising compounds from the potency and metabolic stability criterias were evaluated in rats to measure their pharmacokinetic properties, one class of C-7 substituents, N linked triazoles of Formula la showed very low clearance and very high AUCs (exposure) when compared to the compounds of references 94 and 106. The compounds I having Formula la are described below: wherein: R2 is methoxy, fluoro or chloro; R4is D is hydrogen or Q-Ca alkyl; E is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (Ci-CaJalkyl, O(Ci-C3)alkyl or CH2OCH3. R11 is either hydrogen or methyl in which the configuration to which the methyl is attached is (R) with the proviso that when R4 is 1,2,3-triazole, then R11 is hydrogen. The C-7 N-linked triazoles thus showed surprising properties as they were essentially, equivalent in potency to the most potent compounds covered by references 94 and 106 that we have evaluated to date. They showed metabolic stability in human liver microsomes that was equivalent to the best compounds from the application. Unexpectedly, they showed clearance rates in rats that were much lower, usually 10 fold lower than the best compounds from those described in the applications of reference 94 and were the best of any compounds evaluated hi reference 106. Even more surprisingly, they were the only class of compounds to show significantly increased exposure in rats as shown by their AUCs. In summation, these N-linked triazoles exhibited a surprising combination of properties that would not be obvious to one skilled in the art relying on the disclosure of references 94 and 106. Only a single triazole is disclosed in WO 02/06423. This compound has an R4 substiuent which is a C-Iinked triazole, and not an N-linked triazole, and exhibited potency which was not comparable to the N-linked triazoles. No N-linked triazoles were described in the examples of the published PCT application from reference 106. The following data tables summarize the potency, predicted human clearance based on human liver microsomes, and the AUC and clearance determined by pharmacokinetic studies in rats for these N-linked triazoles of the invention herein compared with representative compounds and close analogs contained in PCT application WO 02/062423 Al, filed January 2,2002, published August 15,2002 and the published applications and patents contained in reference 94. As seen in the following tables the N linked triazoles herein identified as most preferred groups exhibit surprising superiority especially in terms of displaying maximum potency, metabolic stability equivalent to best in class and uniquely a high AUC (exposure) and low clearance in rats which is determined by oral and iv dosing at 5mg/kg and Img/kg respectively. The rat model is an initial model used to assess potential for exposure in man. The utility of compounds in the triazole class is surprisingly very dependent on the substituion patterns as depicted. For example the 1,2,3 triazoles attached at the 2-position nitrogen atom have to date shown significantly reduced AUC (exposure) in rats compared to the compounds depicted. In addition, moving the E group when E is methyl, in the 1,2,4-N-linked triazole from position 3 to 5 provides compounds with significantly reduced potency. As can be seen in Table A2, the N-linked triazoles specified showed high potency in an initial antiviral assay. As evidenced by Tables A3-A8 of Comparator compounds, the metabolic stability of the N-linked triazole compounds la of the invention is surprisingly equivalent to or better than any of the compounds covered in either series of published azaindole applications (i.e. references 94 and 106). As dramatically shown in the tables, the low clearance and high exposure seen in rats for the compounds in table A2 was surprising and unexpected since the prior art taught compounds did not exhibit these properties as one would have expected. In the tables that follow these terms have the following in meanings: TSTT" meant not tested. "Difficulties" means results could not be interpreted (i.e. in HLM test). (Table Removed) WE CLAIM: 1. A compound l-(4-benzoylpiperazin-l-yl)-2-(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-lH-l,2,4-triazol-l- yl)-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)ethane-l,2-dione of formula (B), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, (Formula Removed) 2. the compound as claimed in claim 1, as & when used in the prepration of a pharmaceutical compositon.

Full Text

COMPOSITION AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF SUBSTITUTED
AZAINDOLEOXOACETIC PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This Continuation in Part application claims the benefit of USSN 10/214,982
filed August 7, 2002.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
This invention provides compounds having drug and bio-affecting properties,
their pharmaceutical compositions and method of use. In particular, the invention is
concerned with azaindole piperazine diamide derivatives that possess unique antiviral
activity. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds useful for the
treatment of HTV and AIDS.'
Background Art
HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus -1) infection remains a major medical
problem, with an estimated 42 million people infected worldwide at the end of 2002.
The number of cases of HTV and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) has
risen rapidly. In 2002, ~5.0 million new infections were reported, and 3.1 million
people died from AIDS. Currently available drugs for the treatment of HIV include
nine nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors or approved single pill
combinations(zidovudine or AZT (or Retrovir"), didanosine (or Videx ), stavudine
(or Zerit®), lamivudine (or 3TC or Epivir ), zalcitabine (or DDC or Hivid ),
abacavir succinate (or Ziagen ), Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate salt (or Viread ),
Combivir® (contains -3TC plus AZT), Trizivir (contains abacavir, lamivudine, and
zidovudine); three non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: nevirapine (or
Viramune"), delavirdine (or Rescriptor") and efavirenz (or Sustiva"), and eight
peptidomimetic protease inhibitors or approved formulations: saquinavir, indinavir,
ritonavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir, Kaletra (lopinavir and Ritonavir), and
Atazanavir (Reyataz ). Each of these drugs can only transiently restrain viral
replication if used alone. However, when used in combination, these drugs have a
profound effect on viremia and disease progression. In fact, significant reductions in
death rates among AIDS patients have been recently documented as a consequence of
the widespread application of combination therapy. However, despite these
impressive results, 30 to 50% of patients ultimately fail combination drug therapies.
Insufficient drug potency, non-compliance, restricted tissue penetration and drugspecific
limitations within certain cell types (e.g. most nucleoside analogs cannot be
phosphorylated in resting cells) may account for the incomplete suppression of
sensitive viruses. Furthermore, the high replication rate and rapid turnover of HTV-1
combined with the frequent incorporation of mutations, leads to the appearance of
drug-resistant variants and treatment failures when sub-optimal drug concentrations
are present (Larder and Kemp; Gulick; Kuritzkes; Morris-Jones et al\ Schinazi et alVacca and Condra; Flexner; Berkhout and Ren et al; (Ref. 6-14)). Therefore, novel
anti-HTV agents exhibiting distinct resistance patterns, and favorable pharmacokinetic
as well as safety profiles are needed to provide more treatment options.
Currently marketed HTV-1 drugs are dominated by either nucleoside reverse
transcriptase inhibitors or peptidomimetic protease inhibitors. Non-nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) have recently gained an increasingly
important role in the therapy of HTV infections (Pedersen & Pedersen, Ref 15). At
least 30 different classes of NNRTI have been described in the literature (De Clercq,
Ref. 16) and several NNRTIs have been evaluated in clinical trials.
Dipyridodiazepinone (nevirapine), benzoxazinone (efavirenz) and bis(heteroaryl)
piperazine derivatives (delavirdine) have been approved for clinical use. However,
the major drawback to the development and application of NNRTIs is the propensity
for rapid emergence of drug resistant strains, both in tissue cell culture and in treated
individuals, particularly those subject to monotherapy. As a consequence, there is
considerable interest in the identification of NNRTIs less prone to the development of
resistance (Pedersen & Pedersen, Ref 15).
Several indole derivatives including indole-3-sulfones, piperazino indoles,
pyrazino indoles, and 5H-indolo[3,2-b][l,5]benzothiazepine derivatives have been
reported as HTV-1 reverse transciptase inhibitors (Greenlee et al, Ref. 1; Williams et
al, Ref. 2; Romero et al, Ref. 3; Font et al, Ref. 17; Romero et al, Ref. 18; Young et
al, Ref. 19; Genin et al, Ref. 20; Silvestri et al, Ref. 21). Indole 2-carboxamides have
also been described as inhibitors of cell adhesion and HTV infection (Boschelli et al,
US 5,424,329, Ref. 4)_. Finally, 3-substituted indole natural products
(Semicochliodinol A and B, didemethylasterriquinone and isocochliodinol) were
disclosed as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease (Fredenhagen et al, Ref. 22). Other indole
derivatives exhibiting antiviral activity useful for treating HIV are disclosed in PCT
WO 00/76521 (Ref. 93). Also, indole derivatives are disclosed in PCT WO 00/71535
(Ref. 94).
Structurally related aza-indole amide derivatives have been disclosed
previously (Kato et al, Ref. 23; Levacher et al, Ref. 24; Dompe Spa, WO-09504742,
Ref. 5(a); SmithKline Beecham PLC, WO-09611929, Ref. 5(b); Schering Corp., US-
05023265, Ref. 5(c)). However, these structures differ from those claimed herein in
that they are aza-indole mono-amide rather than unsymmetrical aza-indole piperazine
diamide derivatives, and mere is no mention of the use of these compounds for
treating viral infections, particularly HTV. Other azaindoles have been also disclosed
by Wang et al, Ref. 95. Indole and azaindole piperazine containing derivatives have
been disclosed in four different PCT and issued U.S. patent applications (Reference
93-95, 106). Nothing in these references can be construed to disclose or suggest the
novel compounds of this invention and their use to inhibit HTV infection.
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SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I, or
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are effective antiviral agents,
particularly as inhibitors of HIV.
A first embodiment of a first aspect of the invention are compounds of
Formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(Figure Removed) wherein:
Q is selected from the group consisting of:
R1, R2, R3, and R4, are independendy selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,
halogen, cyano, nitro, COOR56, XR57, C(O)R7, C(O)NR55R56, B, D, and E with the
proviso that at least one of R*-R4 is selected from B or E;
wherein - - represents a carbon-carbon bond or does not exist;
m is 1 or 2;
R5 is hydrogen or (CH2)nCH3, -C(O)(CH2)nCH3, -C(O)O(CH2)nCH3, -C(O)
(CH2)nN(CH3)2 wherein n is 0-5;
R6 is O or does not exist;
A is selected from the group consisting of Ci^alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; in which
said aryl is phenyl or napthyl; said heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of
pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl,
thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzofuranyl,
benzothienyl, benzoimidazolyl and benzothiazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is
optionally substituted with one or two of the same or different members selected from
the group consisting of amino, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, Ci^alkoxy, -C(O)NH2,
Calkyl, -NHC(O)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl;
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(=NR46)(R47), C(O)NR4lR41, aryl,
heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, S(O)2R8, C(O)R7, XR8a, (Ci^)aIkyINR40R41,
(C)alkylCOOR8b; wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally
substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to three same or
different substituents selected from the group F; wherein aryl is napthyl or substituted
phenyl; wherein heteroaryl is a mono or bicyclic system which contains from 3 to 7
ring atoms for a mono cyclic system and up to 12 atoms in a fused bicyclic system,
including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; wherein heteroalicyclic is a 3 to 7 membered
mono cyclic ring which may contain from 1 to 2 heteroatoms in the ring skeleton and
which may be fused to a benzene or pyridine ring;
q is 0, 1, or 2;
D is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl; wherein said
(Ci_6)alkyl and (C2-e)alkenyl are optionally substituted with one to three same or
different halogens or from one to three same or different substituents selected from
the group consisting of C(O)NR55R56, hydroxy, cyano and XR57;
E is selected from the group consisting of (Ci-6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl; wherein said
(Ci.6)alkyl and (C2-6)alkenyl are independently optionally substituted with a member
selected from the group consisting of phenyl, heteroaryl, SMe, SPh,
-C(O)NR56R57, C(O)R57, SO2(C1-6)alkyl and SO2Ph; wherein heteroaryl is a
monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4
heteroatoms;
Fis selected from the group consisting of (Ci-gjalkyl, (Ca^cycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (C1-6)alkoxy, aryloxy, (Ci^)thioalkoxy, cyano,
halogen, nitro, -C(O)R57, benzyl, -NR42C(O)-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42C(O)-
(C3.6)cycloalkyl, -NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic,
a 4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Ci^)alkyl, -NR42S(O)2-
(C3-6)cycloaIkyl, -NR42S(O)2-aryI, -NR42S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR42S(O)2-
heteroalicyclic, S(O)2(C1.6)alkyl, S(O)2aryl, -S(O)2 NR42R43, NR42R43,
(C1-6)alkylC(0)NR42R43, C(O)NR42R43, NHC(O)NR42R43, OC(O)NR42R43,
NHC(O)OR54, (Ci_6)alkylNR42R43, COOR54, and (QalkylCOOR54; wherein said
(C1-6)alkyl, (C3_7)cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, (Ci.6)alkoxy, and
aryloxy, are optionally substituted with one to nine same or different halogens or
from one to five same or different substituents selected from the group G; wherein
aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring
atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is selected from the group
consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran,
tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine;
G is selected from the group consisting of (Ci^alkyl, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy, aryloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro,
-C(0)R57, benzyl, -NR48C(0)-(Ci.6)alkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3.6)cycloalkyl,
-NR48C(O)-aryl, -NR48C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR48C(O)-heteroalicyclic, a 4, 5, or 6
membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci.6)alkyl, -NR48S(O)2-
(C3-6)cycloalkyl, -NR48S(O)2-aryI, -NR48S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR48S(O)2-
heteroalicyclic, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamide, NR48R49, (Cw)alkyl C(O)NR48R49,
C(0)NR48R49, NHC(0)NR48R49, OC(O)NR48R49, NHC(O)ORM
(Ci.6)alkylNR48R49, COOR54, and (Ci-6)alkylCOOR54; wherein
aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 7 ring
atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is selected from the group
consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine, tetrahydrofuran,
tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic;
wherein said aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or with from one to three same or different
substituents selected from the group F;
wherein for R7, R8, R8a, R8b aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a mono or bicyclic system
which contains from 3 to 7 ring atoms for mono cyclic systems and up to 10 atoms in
a bicyclic system, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; wherein heteroalicyclic is
selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine,
piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine;
R8 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C^)alkyl, (C3-7)cycloaUcyl,
(C2-6)alkenyl, (C3-7)cycloalkenyl, (C2.6)alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic;
wherein said (Ci-eJalkyl, (Cs^cycloalkyl, (C2-6)alkenyl, (C^cycloalkenyl,
(Co-6)alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one
to six same or different halogens or from one to five same or different substituents
selected from the group F;
R8a is a member selected from the group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, and
heteroalicyclic; wherein each member is independently optionally substituted with
one to six same or different halogens or from one to five same or different
substituents selected from the group F;
Rh R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (Chalky! and phenyl;
R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, are each independently selected from the group
consisting of hydrogen and (C1-6alkyl; wherein said (Chalky! is optionally
substituted with one to three same or different halogens;
X is selected from the group consisting of NH or NCHs, O, and S;
R40andR41 are independently selected from the group consisting of
(a) hydrogen; (b) (Ci^)alkyl or (C3-7)cycloalkyl substituted with one to three same or
different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the
group F; and (c) (Ci-6)alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl or heteroalicyclic; or R40 andR41 taken
together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a member selected from
the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, 4-NMe
piperazine, piperidine, azepine, and morpholine; and wherein said aryl, heteroaryl,
and heteroalicyclic are optionally substituted with one to three same or different
halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F;
wherein for R40 and R41 aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which
contains from 3 to 6 ring atoms, including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is
selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine,
piperidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine; provided when
B is C(O)NR40R41, at least one of R40 and R41 is not selected from groups (a) or (b);
R42 andR43 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,
(C1-6)alkyl, allyl, (C1-6)alkoxy, (C1-6cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heteroalicyclic; or
R42 and R43 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a
member selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine,
piperazine, 4-NMe piperazine, piperidine, azepine, and morpholine; and wherein said
(C1-6)alkyl, (Ci-6)alkoxy, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heteroalicyclic are
optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two
same or different substituents selected from the group G; wherein for R42 andR43 aryl
is phenyl; heteroaryl is a monocyclic system which contains from 3 to 6 ring atoms,
including from 1 to 4 heteroatoms; heteroalicyclic is a member selected from the
group consisting of aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, piperidine,
tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine, and morpholine;
Ra and R& are each independently H, (Q.$)alkyl or phenyl;
R46 is selected from the group consisting of H, OR57, and NR55R56;
R47 is selected from the group consisting of H, amino, halogen, phenyl, and
(C1-6)alkyl;
R48 andR49 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,
(C1-8)alkyl and phenyl;
R50 is selected from the group consisting of H, (C1-6)alkyl, (C3-6)cycloalkyl, and
benzyl; wherein each of said (1-6)alkyl, (C1-6alkyl and benzyl are optionally
substituted with one to three same or different halogen, amino, OH, CN or NO2J
R54 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and (C1-6)alkyl;
R54' is (C1-6Jalkyl;
R55 and R56 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and
l; and
R57 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and phenyl.
A preferred embodiment are compounds of Formula I, including
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
1-6wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy,
aIkyl, cyano, nitro and XR57;
wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy,
-O(C1-6)alkyl, cyano, -COOR56, nitro, XR57; phenyl optionally substituted with one to
three same or different halogens or one of methoxy, hydroxy or XR57; furyl, oxazolyl,
or pyrazolyl, independently optionally substituted with halogen, methoxy, (Ci-3)alkyl
orXR57;or
(b)Qis:
wherein R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,
halogen, hydroxy, -O(Cw)alkyl, cyano, nitro , -COOR56, XR57, -C(O) NRS5R56;
phenyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one of
methoxy, hydroxy or XR57; furyl, oxalzolyl or pyrazolyl, independently optionally
substituted with (Ci-3)alkyl, halogen, methoxy or XR57;
and for both (a) and (b):
m is 2;
R5 is hydrogen;
R6 does not exist;
A is selected from the group consisting of Ci-galkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; wherein
said aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridinyl,
pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl,
oxazolyl and isoxazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
or two of the same or different members selected from the group consisting of amino,
cyano, hydroxy Ci^alkoxy, Ci^alkyl, -NHC(0)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl;
- - represents a carbon-carbon bond;
XisNHorNCH3;
R5 7is H oralkyl; and
R55 and R56 are independently H or
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl
is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is optionally
substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, or
halogen;
R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 .and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl
with the proviso that only one is methyl;
(Figure Removed) and then R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy;
and
Ra is hydrogen; or
(b)Qis:
and R is halogen or hydrogen and R3 is hydrogen;
and for both (a) and (b):
R4 is selected from the group consisting of B;
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl,
heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone and methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a
benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with
one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substituents selected from, the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl and
heteroaryl; wherein said phenyl is substituted and heteroaryl is optionally substituted
with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substiuients selected from the group F;
F is selected from the group consisting of (C)alkyl, (cycloaUcyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (C1-6alkoxy, (C1-6)thioalkoxy, cyano, halogen, -
C(O)R57, benzyl, -NRCCOHQalkyl, -NR42C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl,
-NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4,5, or 6
membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42R43, C(0)NR42R43 and
COOR54; wherein said (C)alkyl, (Cacycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic,
(Ci-6)alkoxy, are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens
or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group G;
G is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy,
halogen, -NR48C(O)-(C1-6)aIkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl, 4,5, or 6 membered ring
cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci-6)alkyl, NR48R49, (C1-6alkyl C(O)NR48R49,
C(0)NR48R49 and (Ci^)alkylNR48R49;
R40 is hydrogen; and
R41 is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, (C3-v)cycloalkyl, phenyl and
heteroaryl; wherein said (Ci.e)alkyl, (C3.7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl are
substituted with one to three same or different halogens or one to two same or
different substituents selected from the group consisting of methyl, (Ci-3)alkoxy,
heteroaryl and aryl; wherein said aryl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents
selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (C1-6)alkoxy, -NR42C(O)-
(Ci-6)alkyl, NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is Phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl;
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41 or heteroaryl; wherein said
heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or
from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl, wherein, said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three
same or Different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected
from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methoxy;
R4isB;
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR40R41 or heteroaryl; wherein said
heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or
from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:.
B is -C(0)NR40R41.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl, wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three
same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected
from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
F is selected from the group consisting of (C1-6)alkyl, (C1-6cycloalkyl
(C1-6)alleoxy, hydroxy, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, methoxy, -S(1-3)alkyl, halogen,
-C(0)R57, C(0)NR42R43, -NR42C(0)-(d.6)alkyl, -NR42C(O)-(C3-6)cycloalkyl,
-NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4, 5, or 6
membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(Cw)alkyl, -NR42S(O)2-
(C3.6)cycloalkyl, -NR42S(O)2-aryl, -NR42S(O)2-heteroaryl, -NR42S(O)2-
heteroaUcycHc, NR42R43, NR55(C1-3)alkyINR55R56 and COOR54.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceuticafly acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is phenyl, 2-pyridyl, or 3-pyridyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
Q is
R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methoxy;
R3 is hydrogen; and
B is selected from the group consisting of-CfOJNRR41 and heteroaryl; wherein said
heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or
from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceuticaUy acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is fluoro.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole,
azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents
selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole,
azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents
selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, fury!, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole,
azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein,said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents
selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole, pyridyl, indole,
azaindole, and diaza-indole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents
selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, C-C alkyl, Q-Ce alkoxy,
Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6
alkyl), -NHS(0)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2,
trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, -thiazole, pyrrole,
piperazine, pyrrolidine and N-pyrrolidone.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to
three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of
(Ci-Cs alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl) and
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of (Ci-Cg alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-
(d-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe,
C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl), -N(d-C6 alkyl)2, -heteroaryl and a
4, 5, or 6 membered cyclic N-lactam.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to
three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of
(CrC6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl) and
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy,
Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-(Ci-6alkyl),
-NHS(O)2-(Ci-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2,
trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, -thiazole, pyrrole,
piperazine, pyrrolidine and N-pyrrolidone.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is -C(O)NH-heteroaryl wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to
three same or different halogens or a substituent selected from the group consisting of
(Ci-C6 alkyl), amino, -NHCCOMC-Q alkyl), -methoxy, -NHC(d-C6 alkyl) and
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is thienyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl, Ci-Ce alkoxy,
Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCrC6 alkyl, -NHC(O)-
alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(CrC6 alkyl), -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2,
trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 aliyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl, piperazine,
pyrrolidine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is thienyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl, amino,
-NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -C(0)-NH2) C(0)NHMe, C(O)NMe2 and -NR55R56.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is thienyl optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens or a
substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, Q-Ce alkyl, Ci-Ce alkoxy,
Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-Ce alkyl, -NHC(O)-
(CrC6 alkyl), -NHS(OMCi-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2) C(p)NHMe,
C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Q-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl,
piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-pyrroh'done and trifluoromethyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein
said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens
or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, alkyl,
alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-Cg alkyl, -NHC(O)-
(C1-C6 alkyl), -NHSCOMC1-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe,
C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(Ci-C6 alkyl)-]S[R55R56, heteroaryl,
piperazine, pyrroHdhie, N-pyrroUdone and trifluoromethyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein
said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens
or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Cg alkyl, Ci-Cg
alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(6)H, -COOH, -COOCi-C6 alkyl, -NHC(O>
(Ci-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(d-C6 alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe,
C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(d-C6 alkyI)-NR55R56, heteroaryl,
piperazine, pyrroh'dine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of thiazole, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, imidazole, furyl, thienyl, oxazole, oxadiazole,
thiadiazole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, triazole, tetrazole and pyridyl; wherein
said heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens
or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of hydroxy, Ci-Ce alkyl,
Ci-C6 alkoxy, Ci-C3 thioalkoxy, amino, -C(O)H, -COOH, -COOCi-C6 alkyl,
-NHC(O)-(d-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(d-Ce alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NH2, C(O)NHMe,
C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NR55R56, NR55R56-(d-C6 alkyl)-NR55R56, heteroaryl,
piperazine, pyrrolidine, N-pyrrolidone and trifluoromethyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A. compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 2.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 2-1.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 3.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 4.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A compound of claim 3 is depicted in Table 5.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl
is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; wherein said phenyl or heteroaryl is independently
optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, Cj-ealkyl, or
halogen;
represents a carbon-carbon bond;
R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl,
with the proviso that only zero, one, or two is methyl;
Q is either:
R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methoxy; and
Rs is hydrogen; or
R2 and R3 are hydrogen;
and for both (a) and (b):
R4 is selected from the group consisting of B;
B is heteroaryl selected from the group consisting of triazole, pyrazole, oxazole,
pyrazine, pyrimidine and oxadiazole; wherein said heteroaryl is optionally substituted
with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substituents selected from the group F;
F is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-
alkyl, -NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43
R5 is hydrogen;
R6 does not exist; and
R42andR43 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and
(Ci-6)alkyl; or R42 andR43 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached
form a heteroalicyclic selected from the group consisting of aziridine, azetidine,
pyrrolidine, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, azepine and morpholine.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is H, Q, F, or methoxy; and
R4 is selected from the group consisting of
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including phannaceuticaUy acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy or fluoro; and
one of R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is methyl and the others are hydrogen.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy; and
R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 , and R16 are each hydrogen.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
one of R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is (R)-methyl and the others are
hydrogen.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
one of R9, R10, R", R12, R13, R14, R15, or R16 is (S)-methyl and the others are
hydrogen.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy, hydrogen, chloro, or fluoro; and
R4 is oxadiazole.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy, hydrogen, chloro or fluoro; and
R4 is oxadiazole substituted with a single fluoro, chloro, amino or methyl group.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein said
heteroaryl is pyridinyl, fiiranyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is
optionally substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, Ci-galkyl,
hydroxy, or halogen;
R9, R10, R11, R12, R15, and R16 are each hydrogen;
R13 and R14are each independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that only one
is methyl;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy; and
RS is hydrogen; or
(b)Qis:
and R2 is halogen or hydrogen and R3 is hydrogen;
and for both (a) and (b):
R4 is selected from the group consisting of B; and
B is selected from the group consisting of-C(O)NR40R41, substituted phenyl,
heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone, methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a
benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with
one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substituents selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula J,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NR4CVR41, substituted phenyl and
heteroaryl; wherein said phenyl is substituted and heteroaryl is optionally substituted
with one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substituents selected from the group F;
F is selected from the group consisting of (Ci_6)alkyl, (Ccycloalkyl, aryl,
heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, (Ci_6)alkoxy, (Cu&Jthioalkoxy, cyano, halogen,
-C(0)R57, benzyl, -NR42C(O)-(Ci_6)allcyl, -NR42C(O)-(C)cycloalkyl,
-NR42C(O)-aryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroaryl, -NR42C(O)-heteroalicyclic, 4, 5, or 6
membered ring cyclic N-lactam, -NR42S(O)2-(CI.6)allcyl, -NR42R43, C(O)NR42R43 and
COOR54; wherein said (alkyl, (C acycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic,
(Ci^)alkoxy, are optionally substituted with one to three same or different halogens
or from one to two same or different substituents selected from the group G;
G is selected from the group consisting of (Ci^alkyl, hydroxy, (Ci-6)alkoxy,
halogen, -NR48C(0)-(C)alkyl, -NR48C(O)-(C3)cycloalkyl, 4, 5, or 6 membered ring
cyclic N-lactam, -NR48S(O)2-(Ci.6)alkyl, NR48R49, (Ci_6)alkyl C(O)NR48R49,
C(O)NR48R49 and (Cw)alkylNR48R49;
R40 is hydrogen;
R41 is (Ci-6)aliyl, (C3-7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl; wherein said (Ci_6)alkyl,
(C3_7)cycloalkyl, phenyl, or heteroaryl are substituted with one to three same or
different halogens or one to two same or different methyl, (Cj^alkoxy, heteroaryl or
aryl; wherein said aryl or heteroaryl are optionally substituted with one to three same
or different halogens or from one to two same or different substituents selected from
the group consisting of (Ci-6)alkyl, hydroxy, (d.6)alkoxy, -NR42C(O)-(Ci^)aliyl,
NR42R43 and C(O)NR42R43.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and heteroaryl; wherein heteroaryl
is pyridinyl, furanyl or thienyl; and said phenyl or said heteroaryl is optionally
substituted with one to two of the same or different amino, C1-6alkyl, hydroxy, or
halogen;
R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 ,and R16 are each independently hydrogen or methyl
with the proviso that only one is methyl;
Q is either
wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and methoxy;
and
Ra is hydrogen; or
wherein R2 is halogen or hydrogen; and R3 is hydrogen;
and for both (a) and (b):
R4 is selected from the group consisting of B;
B is selected from the group consisting o f - C X C N R , substituted phenyl,
heteroaryl, oxazoline, pyrazinone, methylene dioxy or ethylene dioxy fused to a
benzene or pyridine; wherein said heteroaryl or phenyl is optionally substituted with
one to three same or different halogens or from one to two same or different
substituents selected from the group F.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazinone and methylene dioxy or
ethylene dioxy fused to a benzene ring; wherein said group is optionally substituted
with one to three same or different halogens or a substiruent selected from the group
F consisting of (CrC6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(Ci-C6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-
(d-Q alkyl), methoxy, -C(O)-NS2, C(O)NHMe, C(O)NMe2, trifluoromethyl,
-NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl), -N(Ci-C6 alkyl)2, -heteroaryl and a 4,5, or 6 membered cyclic Nlactam.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
B is selected from the group consisting of oxadiazole, triazole, pycazole, pyrazine and
pyrimidrne; wherein said group is optionally substituted with one to three same or
different halogens or a substituent selected from the group F consisting of
(Ci-C6 alkyl), amino, -NHC(O)-(CrC6 alkyl), -NHS(O)2-(CrC6 alkyl), methoxy,
-C(0)-NH2, C(O)NHMe, C(0)NMe2, trifluoromethyl, -NHC(Ci-C6 alkyl),
-N(Ci-Cg alkyl)2, -heteroaryl, a 4,5, or 6 membered cyclic N-lactam and
(Cw)alkylNR48R49.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
hicluding pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
heteroaryl in B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazine and pyrimidine.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
heteroaryl in B is selected from the group consisting of pyrazine and pyrimidine.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
wherein R9, R10, R15 and R16 are each hydrogen; and R11, R12, R13, and R14 are each
independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that up to one can be methyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
one of R11, R12, R13, and R14 is methyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
the carbon atom of the piperazine ring to which the methyl group of R11, R12, R13, and
R14 is attached has an (R) configuration.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R", R12, R13, and R14 are each hydrogen; and R9, R10, R15 and R16 are each
independently hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that up to one can be methyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
one of R9, R10, R15 and R16 is methyl.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
the carbon atom of the piperazine ring to which the methyl group of R9, R10, R15 and
R16 is attached has an (R) configuration.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention are compounds of Formula I,
including phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R1 is hydrogen;
mis 2;
R5 is hydrogen;
R6 does not exist;
A is selected from the group consisting of Ci-galkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl; wherein
aryl is phenyl; heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridinyl,
pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl,
oxazolyl and isoxazolyl; and said aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one
or two of the same or different amino, cyano, hydroxy Ci-ealkoxy, Ci-6alkyl,
-MHC(O)CH3, halogen and trifluoromethyl; and
- - represents a carbon-carbon bond.
A most preferred embodiment is a compound of Formula la, including
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
wherein:
R2 is methoxy, fluoro or chloro.
R4 is selected from the group consisting of either.
which is a 1,2,3 triazole directly attached via the nitrogen atom of position 1 of the
triazole wherein said 1,2,3 triazole is substituted with D at position 4
or R4 is:
which is a 1,2,4 triazole attached via the nitrogen atom of position 1 of the triazole
wherein said 1,2,4 triazole is substituted with E at position 3.
D is selected from hydrogen or Ci-C3 alkyl.
E is selected from the group consisting hydrogen, (Ci-CaJalkyl, O(Ci-C3)aliyl or
CH2OGH3.
R11 is either hydrogen or methyl in which the configuration to which the methyl is
attached is (R) with the proviso that when R4 is 1,2,3 triazole, then R11 is hydrogen.
Another embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical formulation
comprising an antiviral effective amount of a compound of Formula I, including
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
When used for treating HIV infection, said formulation can optionally additionally
contain an antiviral effective amount of an AIDS treatment agent selected from the
group consisting of: an AIDS antiviral agent; an antiinfective agent; an
immunomodulator, and HTV entry inhibitors.
A third embodiment of the invention is a method for treating mammals
infected with a virus, such as HTV, comprising administering to said mammal an
antiviral effective amount of a compound of Formula I, including pharmaceutically
acceptable salts thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, optionally hi
combination with an antiviral effective amount of an AIDS treatment agent selected
from the group consisting of: (a) an AIDS antiviral agent; (b) an anti-infective agent;
(c) an unmunomodulator; and (d) HIV entry inhibitors.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Since the compounds of the present invention, may possess asymmetric
centers and therefore occur as mixtures of diastereomers and enantiomers, the present
invention includes the individual diastereoisomeric and enantiomeric forms of the
compounds of Formula I in addition to the mixtures thereof.
DEFINITIONS
The term "Cj^ alky!" as used herein and in the claims (unless specified
otherwise) mean straight or branched chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl,
propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, amyl, hexyl and the like.
"Halogen" refers to chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine.
An "aryl" group refers to an all carbon monocyclic or fused-ring polycyclic
(i.e., rings which share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) groups having a completely
conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of aryl groups are
phenyl, napthalenyl and anthracenyl. The aryl group may be substituted or
unsubstituted. When substituted the substituted group(s) is preferably one or more
selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy,
aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy,
thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro, carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl,
C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido,
trihalomethyl, ureido, amino and -KRxRy, wherein Rx andRy are independently
selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, carbonyl,
C-carboxy, sulfonyl, trihalomethyl, and, combined, a five- or six-member
heteroalicyclic ring.
As used herein, a "heteroaryl" group refers to a monocyclic or fused ring (i.e.,
rings which share an adjacent pair of atoms) group having in the ring(s) one or more
atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and, in
addition, having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Unless otherwise
indicated, the heteroaryl group may be attached at either a carbon or nitrogen atom
within the heteroaryl group. It should be noted that the term heteroaryl is intended to
encompass an N-oxide of the parent heteroaryl if such an N-oxide is chemically
feasible as is known in the art. Examples, without limitation, of heteroaryl groups are
furyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl,
benzothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl,
tetrahydropyranyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, purinyl,
carbazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, pyrazinyl. diazinyl,
pyrazine, triazinyltriazine, tetrazinyl, and tetrazolyl. When substituted the substituted
group(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl,
heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy,
thiohydroxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen,
nitro, carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy,
sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethyl, ureido, amino, and -NRxRy, wherein Rx
and Ry are as defined above.
As used herein, a "heteroalicych'c" group refers to a monocyclic or fused ring
group having in the ring(s) one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of
nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The rings may also have one or more double bonds.
However, the rings do not have a completely conjugated pi-electron system.
Examples, without limitation, of heteroalicyclic groups are azetidinyl, piperidyl,
piperazinyl, imidazolinyl, thiazolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidin-l-yl, morpholinyl,
thiomorpholinyl and tetrahydropyranyl. When substituted the substituted group(s) is
preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl,
heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy,
thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano,
halogen, nitro, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, Nthiocarbamyl,
C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl,
sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl,
guanyl, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl, amino and -NRxRy, wherein RxandRy are as
defined above.
An "alkyl" group refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon including straight
chain and branched chain groups. Preferably, the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon
atoms (whenever a numerical range; e.g., "1-20", is stated herein, it means that the
group, in this case the alkyl group may contain 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3
carbon atoms, etc. up to and including 20 carbon atoms). More preferably, it is a
medium size alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Most preferably, it is a lower alkyl
having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
When substituted, the substituent group(s) is preferably one or more individually
selected from trihaloalkyl, cycloallcyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy,
alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy,
thioaryloXy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl,
tbiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-tbiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido,
C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido,
trihalomethanesulfonarnido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, and combined, a five- or sixmember
heteroalicyclic ring.
A "cycloallcyl" group refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused ring (i.e.,
rings which share and adjacent pair of carbon atoms) group wherein one or more
rings does not have a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without
limitation, of cycloalkyl groups are cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane,
cyclopentene, cyclohexane, cyclohexadiene, cycloheptane, cycloheptatriene and
adamantane. A cycloalkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. "When
substituted, the substituent group(s) is preferably one or more individually selected
from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy,
heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy, thioheteroarylloxy,
thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, Ncarbamyl,
O-thiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, Ccarboxy,
O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalo- methanesulfonamido,
trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl, guanyl, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl, amino and
-NRxRy with Rand Ry as defined above.
An "alkenyl" group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, consisting of at
least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
An "alkynyl" group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, consisting of at
least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
A "hydroxy" group refers to an -OH group.
An "alkoxy" group refers to both an -O-alkyl and an -O-cycloalkyl group as
defined herein.
An "aryloxy" group refers to both an -O-aryl and an -O-heteroaryl group, as
defined herein.
A "heteroaryloxy" group refers to a heteroaryl-O- group with heteroaryl as
defined herein.
A "heteroalicycloxy" group refers to a heteroalicyclic-O- group with
heteroalicyclic as defined herein.
A "thiohydroxy" group refers to an -SH group.
A "thioaUcoxy" group refers to both an S-alkyl and an -S-cycloalkyl group, as
defined herein.
A "thioaryloxy" group refers to both an -S-aryl and an -S-heteroaryl group, as
defined herein.
A "thioheteroaryloxy" group refers to a heteroaryl-S- group with heteroaryl as
defined herein.
A "thioheteroalicycloxy" group refers to a heteroalicycIic-S- group with
heteroalicyclic as defined herein.
A "carbonyl" group refers to a -C(=O)-R" group, where R" is selected from
the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloaliyl, aryl, heteroaryl
(bonded through a ring carbon) and heteroalicyclic (bonded through a ring carbon), as
each is defined herein.
An "aldehyde" group refers to a carbonyl group where R" is hydrogen.
A "thiocarbonyl" group refers to a -C(=S)-R" group, with R" as defined
herein.
A "Keto" group refers to a-CC(=O)C- group wherein the carbon on either or
both sides of the C=O may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or a carbon of a heteroaryl or
heteroaliacyclic group.
A "trihalomethanecarbonyl" group refers to a Z3CC(=O)- group with said Z
being a halogen.
A "C-carboxy" group refers to a-C(=O)O-R" groups, with R" as defined
herein.
An "O-carboxy" group refers to a R"C(-O)O-group, with R" as defined
herein.
A "carboxylic acid" group refers to a C-carboxy group in which R" is
hydrogen.
A "trihalomethyl" group refers to a -CZa, group wherein Z is a halogen group
as defined herein.
A "trihalomethanesuUbnyl" group refers to an Z3CS(=O)2- groups with Z as
defined above.
A "trihalomethanesulfonamido" group refers to a Z3CS(=O)2NR- group with
Z and Rx as defined herein.
A "sulfinyl" group refers to a -S(=O)-R" group, with R" as defined herein
and, hi addition, as a bond only; i.e., -S(O)-.
A "sulfonyl" group refers to a -S(=0)2R" group with R" as defined herein
and, in addition as a bond only; i.e., -8(0)2-.
A "S-sulfonamido" group refers to a -S(=O)21S1RXRY, with Rx and RY as
defined herein.
A "N-Sulfonamido" group refers to a R"S(=O)2NR3r group with Rx as
defined herein.
A "O-carbamyr group refers to a -OC(=O)NRxRy as defined herein.
A "N-carbamyl" group refers to a ROC(=O)NRy group, with Rx and Ry as
defined herein.
A "O-thiocarbamyl" group refers to a -OC(=S)NRxRy group with Rx and Ry
as defined herein.
A "N-thiocarbamyl" group refers to a RxOC(=S)NRy- group with Rx and Ry as
defined herein.
An "amino" group refers to an -NHz group.
A "C-amido" group refers to a -C(=O)NRxRy group with Rx and Ry as defined
herein.
A "C-thioamido" group refers to a -C(=S)NRxRy group, with Rx and Ry as
defined herein.
A"N-amido" group refers to a RxC(=O)NRy- group, with Rx and Ry as
defined herein.
A cyclic 4,5, or six membered ring N-lactam refers to rings of 4,5 or 6 atoms
containing a single amide group as two of the ring atoms which is linked to the parent
molecule at the amide nitrogen.
An "ureido" group refers to a -NRxC(=O)NRyRy2 group with R and Ry as
defined herein and R3"2 defined the same as Rx and Ry.
56
A "guanidino" group refers to a-R3tNC(=N)NRyRy2 group, with Rx, Ry and
as defined herein.
A "guanyl" group refers to a RxRyNC(=N group, with Rx and RY as defined
herein.
A "cyano" group refers to a -CN group.
A "silyl" group refers to a -SiCR")a, with R" as defined herein.
A "phosphonyl" group refers to a P(=O)(ORX)2 with Rx as defined herein.
A "hydrazino" group refers to a -NRxNRyRy2 group with Rx, R and R as
defined herein.
Any two adjacent R groups may combine to form an additional aryl,
cycloalkyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring fused to the ring initially bearing those R
groups.
It is known in the art that nitogen atoms in heteroaryl systems can be
"participating in a heteroaryl ring double bond", and this refers to the form of double
bonds in the two tautomeric structures which comprise five-member ring heteroaryl
groups. This dictates whether nitrogens can be substituted as well understood by
chemists in the art. The disclosure and claims of the present invention are based on
the known general principles of chemical bonding. It is understood that the claims do
not encompass structures known to be unstable or not able to exist based on the
literature.
Physiologically acceptable salts and prodrugs of compounds disclosed herein
are within the scope of this invention. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as
used herein and in the claims is intended to include nontoxic base addition salts.
Suitable salts include those derived from organic and inorganic acids such as, without
limitation, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid,
methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, sulfinic acid, citric acid,
maleic acid, fdmaric acid, sorbic acid, aconitic acid, salicylic acid, phthalic acid, and
the like. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein is also intended
to include salts of acidic groups, such as a carboxylate, with such counterions as
ammonium, alkali metal salts, particularly sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metal
salts, particularly calcium or magnesium, and salts with suitable organic bases such as
lower alkylamines (methylamine, ethylamine, cyclohexylamine, and the like) or with
substituted lower alkylamines (e.g. hydroxyl-substituted alkylamines such as
diethanolamine, triethanolamine or tris(hydroxymethyl)- aminomethane), or with
bases such as piperidine or morpholine.
In the method of the present invention, the term "antiviral effective amount"
means the total amount of each active component of the method that is sufficient to
show a meaningful patient benefit, i.e., healing of acute conditions characterized by
inhibition of the HIV infection. When applied to an individual active ingredient,
administered alone, the term refers to that ingredient alone. When applied to a
combination, the term refers to combined amounts of the active ingredients that result
in the therapeutic effect, whether administered in combination, serially or
simultaneously. The terms "treat, treating, treatment" as used herein and in the claims
means preventing or ameliorating diseases associated with HIV infection.
The present invention is also directed to combinations of the compounds with
one or more agents useful in the treatment of ADDS. For example, the compounds of
this invention may be effectively administered, whether at periods of pre-exposure
and/or post-exposure, in combination with effective amounts of the AIDS antivirals,
immunomodulators, antiinfectives, or vaccines, such as those in the following table.
ANTTVmALS
Drue Name Manufacturer Indication
097 Hoechst/Bayer HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(non-nucleoside
reverse transcriptase
(RT)
inhibitor)
Amprenivir
141 W94
GW141
Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Abacavir (1592U89)
GW1592
Glaxo WeEcome HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(RT inhibitor)
Acemannan
Acyclovir
Carrington Labs
(Irving, TX)
Burroughs Wellcome
ARC
EHV infection, ADDS,
ARC, hi combination
with ACT
AD-439 Tanox Biosystems HIV hifection, AIDS,
ARC
AD-519
Adefovir dipivoxil
AL-721
Tanox Biosystems
Gilead Sciences
Ethigen
(Los Angeles, CA)
fflV infection, AIDS,
ARC
HTV hifection
ARC,PGL
HIV positive, AIDS
Alpha rnterferon Glaxo Wellcome Kaposi's sarcoma,
HTV in combination
w/Retrovir
Ansamycin
LM427
Adria Laboratories
(Dublin, OH)
Erbamont
(Stamford, CT)
ARC
Antibody which
Neutralizes pH
Labile alpha aberrant
Interferon
Advanced Biotherapy
Concepts
(Rockville, MD)
AIDS, ARC
AR177 Aronex Pharm HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC
Beta-fluoro-ddA Natl Cancer Institute AEDS-associated.
diseases
BMS-232623
(CGP-73547)
Bristol-Myers Squibb/
Novartis
HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
BMS-234475
(CGP-61755)
Bristol-Myers Squibb/
Novartis
HTV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
CI-1012
Cidofovir
Warner-Lambert
Gilead Science
fflV-1 infection
CMV retinitis,
herpes, papillomavirus
Curdlan sulfate AJIPharmaUSA HIV infection
Cytomegalovirus
Immune globin
MedLnmune CMV retinitis
Cytovene
Ganciclovir
Syntex Sight threatening
CMV
peripheral CMV
retinitis
Delaviridine
Phannacia-Upj ohn EDV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(RT inhibitor)
Dextran Sulfate Ueno Fine Chem.
Ind. Ltd. (Osaka,
Japan)
AIDS, ARC, fflV
positive
asymptomatic
ddC
Dideoxycytidine
Hoffman-La Roche HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC
ddl
Dideoxyinosine
Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC; combination
with AZT/d4T
DMP-450 AVID
(Camden, NJ)
fflV infection,
AIDS.ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Efavirenz
(DMP266)
(-)6-Chloro-4-(S)-
cyclopropylethynyl-
4(S)-trifluoro- ,
methyl-1,4-dihydro-
2H-3,1-benzoxazin-
2-one, STOCRINE
DuPont Merck fflV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(non-nucleoside RT
inhibitor)
EL10 Elan Corp, PLC
(Gainesville, G A)
HIV infection
Famciclovir Smith Kline herpes zoster,
herpes simplex
FTC Emory University HTV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(reverse transcriptase
inhibitor)
GS840 Gilead HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(reverse transcriptase
inhibitor)
HBY097 Hoechst Marion
Roussel
HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(non-nucleoside
reverse transcriptase
inhibitor)
Hypericin VIMRx Pharm. HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC
Recombinant Human
Interferon Beta
Triton Biosciences
(Almeda, CA)
AIDS, Kaposi's
sarcoma, ARC
Interferon alfa-n3 Interferon Sciences ARC, AIDS
Indinavir Merck HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC, asymptomatic
HIV positive, also in
combination with
AZT/ddl/ddC
ISIS 2922 ISIS Pharmaceuticals CMVretinitis
KNI-272
Lamivudine, 3TC
Nat'l Cancer Institute
Glaxo Wellcome
HIV-assoc. diseases
HTV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(reverse
transcriptase
inhibitor); also
withAZT
Lobucavir Bristol-Myers Squibb CMV infection
Nelfinavir Agouron
Pharmaceuticals
HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Nevirapine Boeheringer
Ingleheim
HTV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(RT inhibitor)
Novapren Novaferon Labs, Inc.
(Akron, OH)
HIV inhibitor
Peptide T
Octapeptide
Sequence
Peninsula Labs
(Belmont, CA)
AIDS
Trisodium
Phosphonoformate
Astra Pharm.
Products, Inc.
CMV retinitis, HIV
infection, other CMV
infections
PNU-140690 Pharmacia Upjohn HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Probucol Vyrex HIV infection, AIDS
RBC-CD4 Sheffield Med.
Tech (Houston, TX)
HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
Ritonavir Abbott HIV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Saquinavir Hoffmann-
LaRoche
HTV infection,
AIDS, ARC
(protease inhibitor)
Stavudine; d4T
Didehydrodeoxythymidine
Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC
Valaciclovir Glaxo Wellcome Genital HSV&CMV
infections
Virazole
Ribavirin
VirateMCN
(Costa Mesa, CA)
asymptomatic HIV
positive, LAS, ARC
VX-478 Vertex HIV infection, AIDS,
ARC
Zalcitabine Hoffmann-LaRoche HTV infection, AIDS,
ARC, with AZT
Zidovudine; AZT Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, -
ARC, Kaposi's sarcoma,
in combination with
other therapies
Tenofovir disoproxil, Gilead
fumarate salt (Viread®)
HTV infection,
AIDS, (reverse
transcriptase inhibitor)
Combivir GSK HTV infection,
AIDS, (reverse
transcriptase inhibitor)
abacavir succiaate
(orZiagen )
GSK HTV infection,
AIDS, (reverse
transcriptase inhibitor)
REYATAZ®
(or atazanavir)
Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection
AIDs, protease
inhibitor
FUZEON
(orT-20)
Roche / Trimeris HIV infection
AIDs, viral Fusion
inhibitor
IMMUNOMODULATORS
Drug Name
AS-101
Manufacturer
Wyeth-Ayerst
Indication
AIDS
Bropirimine Pharmacia Upjohn Advanced AIDS
Acemannan Cairington Labs, Inc.
(Irving, TX)
AIDS, ARC
CL246,738 American Cyanamid
Lederle Labs
AIDS, Kaposi's
sarcoma
EL10 Han Corp, PLC
(Gainesville, GA)
HIV infection
FP-21399 Fuki LmnunoPhann Blocks HIV fusion
with CD4+ cells
Gamma Interferon Genentech ARC, in combination
w/TNF (tumor
necrosis factor)
Granulocyte
Macrophage Colony
Stimulating Factor
Genetics Institute
Sandoz
AIDS
Granulocyte
Macrophage Colony
Stimulating Factor
Hoechst-Roussel
Tmmunex
AIDS
Granulocyte
Macrophage Colony
Stimulating Factor
Schering-Plough AIDS,
combination
w/AZT
HTV Core Particle
Imtnunostimulant
Rorer Seropositive HIV
IL-2
InterleuMn-2
Cetus AIDS, in combination
w/AZT
ILr2
Interleukin-2
Hoffman-LaRoche
Irnmunex
AIDS, ARC, fflV, in
combination w/AZT
IL-2
IhterleuMn-2
(aldeslukin)
Chiron AIDS, increase in
CD4 cell counts
Immune Globulin
Intravenous
(human)
Cutter Biological
(Berkeley, CA)
PediatricAIDS.in
combination w/AZT
IMREG-1 Imreg
(New Orleans, LA)
AIDS, Kaposi's
sarcoma, ARC, PGL
IMREG-2. Imreg
(New Orleans, LA)
AIDS, Kaposi's
sarcoma, ARC, PGL
Imuthiol Diethyl
Dithio Carbamate
Merieux Institute AIDS, ARC
Alpha-2
Interferon
Sobering Plough Kaposi's sarcoma
w/AZT, AIDS
Methipnine-
Enkephalin
TNI Pharmaceutical
(Chicago, IL)
AIDS, ARC
MTP-PE
Muramyl-Tripeptide
Granulocyte
Colony Stimulating
Factor
Ciba-Geigy Corp.
Amgen
Kaposi's sarcoma
AIDS, in combination
w/AZT
Remune Immune Response
Corp.
Immunotherapeutic
rCD4
Recombinant
Soluble Human CD4
Genentech AIDS, ARC
rCD4-IgG
hybrids
AIDS, ARC
Recombinant Biogen
Soluble Human CD4
AIDS, ARC
Interferon
Alfa2a
Hoffman-La Roche Kaposi's sarcoma
AIDS, ARC,
in combination w/AZT
SK&F106528
Soluble T4
Smith Kline fflV infection
Thymopentin Immunobiology
Research Institute
(Annandale, NJ)
HIV infection
Tumor Necrosis
Factor; TNF
Genentech ARC, in combination
w/gamma Interferon
ANTI-INFECTIVES
Drug Name Manufacturer Indication
Clindarnycin with
Primaquine
Pharmacia Upjohn PCP
Fluconazole Pfizer Cryptococcal
meningitis,
candidiasis
Pastille
Nystatin Pastille
Squibb Corp. Prevention of
oral candidiasis
Ornidyl
Eflornithine
Merrell Dow PCP
Pentamidine
Isethionate (IM & IV)
LyphoMed
(Rosemont, IL)
PCP treatment
Trimethoprim Antibacterial
Trimethoprim/sulfa Antibacterial
Piritrexim. Burroughs Wellcome PCP treatment
Pentamidine
Isethionate for
Inhalation
Fisons Corporation PCP prophylaxis
Spiramycin Rhone-Poulenc
diarrhea
Cryptosporidial
mtraconazole-
R51211
Janssen-Pharm. Histoplasmosis;
cryptococcal
meningitis
Trimetrexate Warner-Lambert PCP
Daunorubicin NeXstar, Sequus Kaposi's sarcoma
Recombinant Human Ortho Pharm. Corp.
Erythropoietin
Severe anemia
assoc. with AZT
therapy
Recombinant Human
Growth Hormone
Serono AIDS-related
wasting, cachexia
Megestrol Acetate Bristol-Myers Squibb Treatment of
anorexia assoc.
W/AIDS
Testosterone Alza, Smith Kline AIDS-related wasting
Total Enteral Norwich Eaton Diarrhea and
Nutrition Pharmaceuticals malabsorption
related to AIDS
Additionally, the compounds of the invention herein may be used in
combination with another class of agents for treating AIDS which are called HIV
entry inhibitors. Examples of such HIV entry inhibitors are discussed in DRUGS OF
THE FUTURE 1999,24(12), pp. 1355-1362; CELL, Vol. 9, pp. 243-246, Oct. 29,
1999; and DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 2000, pp. 183-194.
It will be understood that the scope of combinations of the compounds of this
invention with AIDS antivirals, immunomodulators, anti-infectives, HTV entry
inhibitors or vaccines is not limited to the list in the above Table, but includes in
principle any combination with any pharmaceutical composition useful for the
treatment of ADDS.
Preferred combinations are simultaneous or alternating treatments of with a
compound of the present invention and an inhibitor of HIV protease and/or a nonnucleoside
inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase. An optional fourth component in
the combination is a nucleoside inhibitor of HTV reverse transcriptase, such as AZT,
3TC, ddC or ddl. A preferred inhibitor of HIV protease is indinavir, which is the
sulfatesaltofN-(2(R)-hydroxy-l-(S)-indanyl)-2(R)-phenyImethyl-4-(S)-hydroxy-5-
(l-(4-(3-pyridyl-memyl)-2(S)-N'-(t-bu1ylcarboxarnido)-pipera2inyl))rpentaneamide
ethanolate, and is synthesized according to U.S. 5,413,999. Indinavir is generally
administered at a dosage of 800 mg three times a day. Other preferred protease
inhibitors are nelfinavir and ritonavir. Another preferred inhibitor of HTV protease is
saquinavir which is administered in a dosage of 600 or 1200 mg tid. Preferred nonnucleoside
inhibitors of HTV reverse transcriptase include efavirenz. The preparation
of ddC, ddl and AZT are also described in EPO 0,484,071. These combinations may
have unexpected effects on limiting the spread and degree of infection of HTV.
Preferred combinations include those with the following (1) indinavir with efavirenz,
and, optionally, AZT and/or 3TC and/or ddl and/or ddC; (2) indinavir, and any of
AZT and/or ddl and/or ddC and/or 3TC, in particular, indinavir and AZT and 3TC;
(3) stavudine and 3TC and/or zidovudine; (4) zidovudine and lamivudine and
141W94 and 1592U89; (5) zidovudine and lamivudine.
In such combinations the compound of the present invention and other active
agents may be administered separately or in conjunction. In addition, the
administration of one element may be prior to, concurrent to, or subsequent to the
administration of other agent(s).
. The preparative procedures and anti-HIV-1 activity of the novel azaindole
piperazine diamide analogs of Formula I are summarized below in Schemes 1-64.
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations, most of which are conventional abbreviations
well known to those skilled in the art, are used throughout the description of the
invention and the examples. Some of the abbreviations used are as follows:
h
rt
mol
mmol
g
mg
TFA
DCE
CH2C12
TPAP
hour(s)
room temperature
mole(s)
millimole(s)
gram(s)
milligrain(s)
milliliter(s)
Trifluoroacetic Acid
1,2-Dichloroethane
= Dichloromethane
tetrapropylammonium perruthenate
THF
DEPBT
DMAP
P-EDC
EDC
DMF
Hunig's Base
mCPBA
azaindole
4-azaindole
5-azaindole
6-azaindole
7-azaiodoIe
PMB
DDQ
OTf
NMM
PIP-COPh =
NaHMDS
EDAC
TMS
DCM
DCE =
Tetrahydofuran
3-(Diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-
one
4-dimethylaminopyri.dine
Polymer supported l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-
ethylcarbodiimide
l-(3^imethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiiDoide
AT.W-dimethylformamide
TV.AT-Diisopropylethylamine
meto-Chloroperbenzoic Acid
Ifl-Pyrrolo-pyridine
lH-pyrrolo[3,2-i]pyridiiie
Ifl-PyrroloCS-clpyridine
lfl-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine
lfl-Pyrrolo[2,3-)]pyridine
4-Methoxybenzyl
2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l, 4-benzoquinone
Trifluoromethanesulfonoxy
4-MethyImorpholine
1-Benzoylpiperazine
Sodium hexamethyldisilazide
l-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide
Trimethylsilyl
Dichloromethane
Dicbloroethane
MeOH
THF
EtOAc
LDA
TMP-Li
DME
DffiALH
HOBT
CBZ
PCC
Me
Ph
Methanol
Tetrahrdrofuran
Ethyl Acetate
Lithium diisopropylarnide
2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl lithium
Dimethoxyethane
Diisobutylaluminum hydride
1-hydroxybenzotriazole
Benzyloxycarbonyl
Pyridinium chlorochromate
Methyl
Phenyl
The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I, their
pharmaceutical formulations, and their use in patients suffering from or susceptible to
HIV infection. The compounds of Formula I include pharmaceutically acceptable
salts thereof.
General procedures to construct substituted azaindole piperazine diamides of
Formula I and intermediates useful for their synthesis are described in the following
Schemes, 1-81.
Step A in Scheme 1 depicts the synthesis of an aza indole intennediate, 2a, via
the well known Bartoli reaction in which vinyl magnesium bromide reacts with an
aryl or heteroaryl nitro group, such as in 1, to form a five-membered nitrogen.;
containing ring as shown. Some references for the above transformation include:
Bartoli et al. a) Tetrahedron Lett. 1989,30, 2129. b) J. Chem. Soc. PerJdn Trans. 1
1991,2757. c) J. Chem. Soc. Perldn Trans. II1991, 657. d) SynLett (1999), 1594. In
the preferred procedure, a solution of vinyl Magnesium bromide in THF (typically
l.OM but from 0.25 to 3.0M) is added dropwise to a solution of the nitro pyridine in
THF at -78° under an inert atmosphere of either nitrogen or Argon. After addition is
completed, the reaction temperature is allowed to warm to -20° and then is stirred for
approximately 12h before quenching with 20% aq ammonium chloride solution. The
reaction is extracted with ethyl acetate and then worked up in a typical manner using
a drying agent such as anhydrous magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate. Products are
generally purified using chromatography over Silica gel. Best results are generally
achieved using freshly prepared vinyl Magnesium bromide. In some cases, vinyl
Magnesium chloride may be substituted for vinyl Magnesium bromide.
Substituted azaindoles may be prepared by methods described in the literature
or may be available from commercial sources. Thus there are many methods for
carrying out step A in the literature and the specific examples are too numerous to
even list. Alternative syntheses of aza indoles and general methods for carrying out
step A include, but are not limited to, those described in the following references (a-k
below): a)Prokopov, A. A.; Yakhontov, L. N. ^zm.-Fa/7M. Zh. 1994, 28(7), 30-
51; b) Lablache-Combier, A. Heteroaromatics. Photoinduced Electron Transfer
1988, Pt. C, 134-312; c) Saify, Zafar Said. Pak. J. Pharmacol. 1986,2(2), 43-6; d)
Bisagni, E. Jerusalem Symp. Quantum Chem. Biochem. 1972, 4,439-45; e)
Yakhontov, L. N. Usp. Khim. 1968,37(7), 1258-87; f) Willette, R. E. Advan.
Heterocycl Chem. 1968,9,27-105; g) Mahadevan, I.; Rasmussen, M. Tetrahedron
1993,49(33), 7337-52; h) Mahadevan, L; Rasmussen, M. /. Heterocycl. Chem.
1992,29(2), 359-67; i) Spivey, A. C.; Fekner, T.; Spey, S. E.; Adams, H. J. Org.
Chem. 1999,64(26), 9430-9443; j) Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.; Adams, H. Tetrahedron
Lett. 1998,39(48), 8919-8922; k) Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry (Academic
press) 1991, Vol. 52, pg 235-236 and references therein.
Step B. Intermediate 3a can be prepared by reaction of aza-indole,
intermediate 2a, with an excess of CICOCOOMe in the presence of AlCla (aluminum
chloride) (Sycheva et al, Ref. 26, Sycheva, T.V.; Rubtsov, N.M.; Sheinker, Yu.N.;
Yakhontov, L.N. Some reactions of 5-cyano-6-chloro-7-azaindoles andlactamlactim
tautomerism in 5-cyano-6-hydroxy-7-azaindolines. Khim. GeterotsikL
Soedin., 1987,100-106). Typically an inert solvent such as CHjCb is used but others
such as THF, Et2O, DCE, dioxane, benzene, or toluene may find applicability either
alone or in mixtures. Other oxalate esters such as ethyl or benzyl mono esters of
oxalic acid could also suffice for either method shown above. More lipophilic esters
ease isolation during aqueous extractions. Phenolic or substituted phenolic (such as
pentafluorophenol) esters enable direct coupling of the HW(C=O)A group, such as a
piperazine, in Step D without activation. Lewis acid catalysts, such as tin
tetrachloride, titanium IV chloride, and aluminum chloride are employed in Step B
with aluminum chloride being most preferred. Alternatively, the azaindole is treated
with a Grignard reagent such as MeMgl (methyl magnesium iodide), methyl
magnesium bromide or ethyl magnesium bromide and a zinc halide, such as ZnCk
(zinc chloride) or zinc bromide, followed by the addition of an oxalyl chloride mono
ester, such as CICOCOOMe (methyl chlorooxoacetate) or another ester as above, to
afford the aza-indole glyoxyl ester (Shadrma et al, Ref. 25). Oxalic acid esters such as
methyl oxalate, ethyl oxalate or as above are used. Aprotic solvents such as dkCfe,
EtjO, benzene, toluene, DCS, or the like may be used alone or in combination for this
sequence. In addition to the oxalyl chloride mono esters, oxalyl chloride itself may
be reacted with the azaindole and then further reacted with an appropriate amine,
such as apiperazine derivative (See Scheme 52, for example).
Step C. Hydrolysis of the methyl ester, (intermediate 3a, Scheme 1)
affords a potassium salt of intermediate 4a, which is coupled with mono-benzoylated
piperazine derivatives as shown in Step D of Scheme 1. Some typical conditions
employ methanolic or ethanolic sodium hydroxide followed by careful acidification
with aqueous hydrochloric acid of varying molarity but 1M HC1 is preferred. The
acidification is not utilized in many cases as described above for the preferred
conditions. Lithium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide could also be employed and
varying amounts of water could be added to the alcohols. Propanols or butanqls
could also be used as solvents. Elevated temperatures up to the boiling points of the
solvents may be utilized if ambient temperatures do not suffice. Alternatively, the
hydrolysis may be carried out in a non polar solvent such as CHiCla or THF in the
presence of Triton B. Temperatures of -78 °C to the boiling point of the solvent may
be employed but -10 °C is preferred. Other conditions for ester hydrolysis are listed
in reference 41 and both this reference and many of the conditions for ester hydrolysis
are well known to chemists of average skill in the art.
Alternative procedures for step B and C
Imidazolium Chloroaluminate:
We found that ionic liquid l-alkyl-3-alkylimidazolium Chloroaluminate is
generally useful in promoting the Friedel-Crafts type acylation of indoles and
azaindoles. The ionic liquid is generated by mixing l-alkyl-3-alkylimidazoUum
chloride with aluminium chloride at room temperature with vigorous stirring. 1:2 or
1:3 molar ratio of l-alkyl-3-alkyHmidazolium chloride to aluminium chloride is
preferred. One particular useful imidazolium Chloroaluminate for the acylation of
azaindole with methyl or ethyl chlorooxoacetate is the l-ethyl-3-methyumidazolium
Chloroaluminate. The reaction is typically performed at ambient temperature and the
azaindoleglyoxyl ester can be isolated. More conveniently, we found that the glyoxyl
ester can be hydrolyzed in situ at ambient temperature on prolonged reaction time
(typically overnight) to give the corresponding glyoxyl acid for amide formation
(Scheme 1).
A representative experimental procedure is as follows: l-ethyl-3-
methyUmidazolium chloride (2 equiv.; purchased from TCI; weighted under a stream
of nitrogen) was stirred in an oven-dried round bottom flask at r.t. under a nitrogen
atmosphere, and added aluminium chloride (6 equiv.; anhydrous powder packaged
under argon in ampules purchased from Aldrich preferred; weighted under a stream
of nitrogen). The mixture was vigorously stirred to form a liquid, which was then
added azaindole (1 equiv.) and stirred until a homogenous mixture resulted. The
reaction mixture was added dropwise ethyl or methyl chlorooxoacetate (2 equiv.) and
then stirred at r.t. for 16 h. After which time, the mixture was cooled in an ice-water
bath and the reaction quenched by carefully adding excess water. The precipitates
were filtered, washed with water and dried under high vacuum to give the
azaindoleglyoxyl acid. For some examples, 3 equivalents of l-ethyl-3-
methylimidazolium chloride and chlorooxoacetate may be required.
Related references: (1) Welton, T. Chem Rev. 1999, 99, 2071; (2) Surette, J.
K. D.; Green, L.; Singer, R. D. Chem. Commun. 1996, 2753; (3) Saleh, R. Y. WO
0015594.
Step D. The acid intermediate, 4a, from step C of Scheme 1 is coupled
with an amine A(C=O)WH preferably in the presence of DEPBT (3-
(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3.H)-one) and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine,
commonly known as Hunig's base, to provide azaindole
piperazine diamides. DEPBT was prepared according to the procedure of Ref. 28, Li,
H.; Jiang, X.; Ye, Y.-H.; Fan, C.; Romoff, T.; Goodman, M, Organic Lett., 1999,1,
91-93. Typically an inert solvent such as DMF or THF is used but other aptotic
solvents could be used. The group W as referred to herein is
The amide bond construction reaction could be carried out using the preferred
conditions described above, the EDC conditions described below, other coupling
conditions described hi this application, or alternatively by applying the conditions or
coupling reagents for amide bond construction described later in this application for
construction of substituents. Some specific nonlimiting examples are given hi
this appli cation.
The mono-substituted piperazine derivatives can be prepared according to
well established procedures such as those described by Desai et al, Ref. 27(a),
Adamczyk et al, Ref. 27(b), Rossen et al, Ref. 27(c), and Wang et al, 27(d).
Additional procedures for synthesizing, modifying and attaching groups
(C=O)m-WC(O)-A are contained in PCT WO 00/71535.
Scheme 2 provides a more specific example of the transformations previously
described in Scheme 1. Intermediates 6-10 are prepared by the methodologies as
described for intermediates la-5a in Scheme 1. Scheme 2A is another embodiment of
the transformations described in Schemes 1 and 2. Conversion of the phenol to the
chloride (Step S, Scheme 2A) may be accomplished according to the procedures
described in Reimann, E.; Wichmann, P.; Hoefher, G.; Sci. Pharm. 1996, 64(3), 637-
646; and Katritzky, A.R.; Rachwal, S.; Smith, T.P.; Steel, PJ.; J. HeterocycL Chem.
1995,32(3), 979-984. Step T of Scheme 2A can be carried out as described for Step
A of Scheme 1. The bromo intermediate can then be converted into alkoxy, chloro,
or fluoro intermediates as shown in Step U of Scheme 2A. Scheme 2A describes the
preferred method for preparing intermediate 6c or other closely related compounds
containing a 4 methoxy group in the 6-azaindole system. When step U is the
conversion of the bromide into alkoxy derivatives, the conversion may he carried out
by reacting the bromide with an excess of sodium methoxide in methanol with
cuprous salts, such as copper I bromide, copper I iodide, and copper I cyanide. The
temperature may be carried out at temperatures of between ambient and 175° but
most likely will be around 115°C or 100°C. The reaction may be ran in a pressure
vessel or sealed tube to prevent escape of volatiles such as methanol. The preferred
conditions utilize 3eq of sodium methoxide in methanol, CuBr as the reaction catalyst
(0.2 to 3 equivalents with the preferred being 1 eq or less) , and a reaction
temperature of 115° C. The reaction is carried out hi a sealed tube or sealed reaction
vessel. The conversion of the bromide into alkoxy derivatives may also be carried out
according to procedures described in Palucki, M.; Wolfe, J.P.; Buchwald, S.L.; J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 1997, 119(14), 3395-3396; Yamato, T.; Komine, M.; Nagano, Y.; Org.
Prep. Proc. Int. 1997,29(3;, 300-303; Rychnovsky, S.D.; Hwang, K.; J. Org. Chem.
1994,59(18), 5414-5418. Conversion of the bromide to the fluoro derivative (Step U,
Scheme 2A) may be accomplished according to Antipin, I.S.; Vigalok, A.I.;
Konovalov, A.I.; Zh. Org. Khim. 1991, 27(7), 1577-1577; and Uchibori, Y.; Umeno,
M.; Seto, H.; Qian, Z,; Yoshioka, H.; Synlett. 1992, 4, 345-346. Conversion of the
bromide to the chloro derivative (Step U, Scheme 2A) may be accomplished
according to procedures described in Gilbert, E.J.; Van Vranken, D.L.; /. Am. Chem.
Soc. 1996, 118(23), 5500-5501; Mongin, K; Mongin, O.; Trecourt, R; Godard, A.;
Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37(37), 6695-6698; and O'Connor, K.J.;
Burrows, C.J.; /. Org. Chem. 1991, 56(3), 1344-1346. Steps V, W and X of Scheme
2A are carried out according to the procedures previously described for Steps B, C,
and D of Scheme 1, respectively. The steps of Scheme 2A may be carried out in a
different order as shown in Scheme 2B and Scheme 2C.
Scheme 3 shows the synthesis of 4-azaindole derivatives 1Mb. 5-azaindole
derivatives lc-5c, and 7-azaindole derivatives ld-5d. The methods used to synthesize
lb-5b, lc-5c, and ld-5d are the same methods described for the synthesis of la-5a as
described in Scheme 1. It is understood, for the purposes of Scheme 3, that Ib is
used to synthesize 2b-5b, Ic provides 2c-5c and Id provides 2d-5d.
The compounds where there is a single carbonyl between the azaindole and
group W can be prepared by the method of Kelarev, V. I.; Gasanov, S. Sh.;
Karakhanov, R. A.; Polivin, Yu. N.; Kuatbekova, K. P.; Panina, M. E.; Zh. Org. Khim
1992,28(12), 2561-2568. In this method azaindoles are reacted with trichloroacetyl
chloride in pyridine and then subsequently with KOH in methanol to provide the 3-
carbomethoxy azaindoles shown in Scheme 4 which can then be hydrolyzed to the
acid and carried through the coupling sequence with HW(C=O)A to provide the
compounds of Formula I wherein a single carbonyl links the azaindole moiety and
group W.
An alternative method for carrying out the sequence outlined in steps B-D
(shown in Scheme 5) involves treating an azaindole, such as 11, obtained by
procedures described in the literature or from commercial sources, with MeMgl and
ZnQ2, followed by the addition of ClCOCOd (oxalyl chloride) in either THF or
EtaO to afford a mixture of a glyoxyl chloride azaindole, 12a, and an acyl chloride
azaindole, 12b. The resulting mixture of glyoxyl chloride azaindole and acyl chloride
azaindole is then coupled with mono-benzoylated piperazine derivatives under basic
conditions to afford the products of step D as a mixture of compounds, 13a and 13b,
where either one or two carbonyl groups link the azaindole and group W. Separation
via chromatographic methods which are well known in the art provides the pure 13a
and 13b. This sequence is summarized in Scheme 5, below.
Scheme 6 depicts a general method for modifying the substituent A.
Coupling of H-W-C(O)OtBu using the conditions described previously for W in
Scheme 1, Step D provides Boc protected intermediate, 15. Intermediate 15 is then
deprotected by treatment with an acid such as TFA, hydrochloric acid or formic acid
using standard solvents or additives such as CHaCla , dioxane, or anisole and
temperatures between -78 °C and 100 °C. Other acids such as aq hydrochloric or
perchloric may also be used for deprotection. Alternatively other nitrogen protecting
groups on W such as Cbz or TROC, may be utilized and could be removed via
hydrogenation or treatment with zinc respectively. A stable silyl protecting group
such as phenyl dimethylsilyl could also be employed as a nitrogen protecting group
on W and can be removed .with fluoride sources such as tetrabutylammonium
fluoride. Finally, the free amine is coupled to acid A-C(O)OH using standard amineacid
coupling conditions such as those used to attach group W or as shown below for
amide formation on positions Rj-R4 to provide compound 16.
Some specific examples of general methods for preparing functionalized
azaindoles or for interconverting functionality on aza indoles which will be useful for
preparing the compounds of this invention are shown in the following sections for
illustrative purposes. It should be understood that this invention covers substituted 4,
5,6, and 7 azaindoles and that the methodology shown below may be applicable to all
of the above series while other shown below will be specific to one or more. A
typical practioner of the art can make this distinction when not specifically
delineated. Many methods are intended to be applicable to all the series, particularly
functional group installations or interconversions. For example, a general strategy for
providing further functionality of this invention is to position or install a halide such
as bromo, chloro, or iodo, aldehyde, cyano, or a carboxy group on the azaindole and
then to convert that functionality to the desired compounds. In particular, conversion
to substituted heteroaryl, aryl, and amide groups on the ring are of particular interest.
General routes for functionalizing azaindole rings are shown in Schemes 7, 8
and 9. As depicted in Scheme 7, the azaindole, 17, can be oxidized to the
corresponding JV-oxide derivative, 18, by using mCPBA (meta-Chloroperbenzoic
Acid) in acetone or DMF (eq. 1, Harada et al, Ref. 29 and Antonini et al, Ref. 34).
The JV-oxide, 18, can be converted to & variety of substituted azaindole derivatives by
using well documented reagents such as phosphorus oxychloride (POCla) (eq. 2,
Schneller et al, Ref. 30), telramethylammonium fluoride (MeNF) (eq. 3), Grignard
reagents RMgX (R = alkyl or aryl, X = Cl, Br or I) (eq. 4, Shiotani et al, Ref. 31),
trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) (eq. 5, Muiakata et al, Ref. 32) or Ac20 (eq. 6,
Klemm et al, Ref. 33). Under such conditions, a chlorine (in 19), fluorine (in 20),
nitrile (in 22), alkyl (in 21), aromatic (in 21) or hydroxyl group (in 24) can be
introduced to the pyridine ring. Nitration of azaindole .AT-oxides results in
introduction of a nitro group to azaindole ring, as shown in Scheme 8 (eq. 7, Antonini
et al, Ref. 34). The nitro group can subsequently be displaced by a variety of
nucleophilic agents, such as OR, NR*R2 or SR, in a well established chemical fashion
(eq. 8, Regnouf De Vains et al, Ref. 35(a), Miura et al, Ref. 35(b), Profft et al, Ref.
35(c)). The resulting N-oxides, 26, are readily reduced to the corresponding
azaindole, 27, using phosphorus trichloride (PCls) (eq. 9, Antonini et al, Ref .34 and
Nesi et al, Ref. 36). Similarly, nitro-substituted //-oxide, 25, can be reduced to the
azaindole, 28, using phosphorus trichloride (eq. 10). The nitro group of compound
28 can be reduced to either a hydroxylamine (NHOH), as in 29, (eq. 11, Walser et al,
Ref. 37(a) and Barker et al, Ref. 37(b)) or an amino (NH2) group, as in 30, (eq. 12,
Nesi et al, Ref. 36 and Ayyangar et al, Ref. 38) by carefully selecting different
reducing conditions.
The alkylation of the nitrogen atom at position 1 of the azaindole derivatives
can be achieved using NaH as the base, DMF as the solvent and an alkyl halide or
sulfonate as alkylating agent, according to a procedure described in the literature
(Mahadevan et al, Ref. 39) (Scheme 9).
In the general routes for substituting the azaindole ring described above, each
process can be applied repeatedly and combinations of these processes is permissible
in order to provide azaindoles incorporating multiple substituents. The application of
such processes provides additional compounds of Formula I.
The synthesis of 4-aminoazaindoles which are useful precursors for 4, 5,
and/or 7-substituted azaindoles is shown in Scheme 10 above.
The synthesis of 3,5-dinitro-4-methylpyridine, 32, is described hi the following two
references by Achremowicz etal.: Achremowicz, Lucjan. Pr. Nauk. Inst. Chem. Org.
Fiz.Politech.Wroclaw: 1982,23, 3-128; Achremowicz, Lucjan. Synthesis 1975,10,
653-4. In the first step of Scheme 10, the reaction with ditnethylformamide dimethyl
acetal in an inert solvent or neat under conditions for forming Batcho-Leimgruber
precursors provides the cyclization precursor, 33, as shown. Although the step is
anticipated to work as shown, the pyridine may be oxidized to the N-oxide prior to
the reaction using a peracid such as MCPB A or a more potent oxidant like metatrifluoromethyl
or meta nitro peroxy benzoic acids. In the second step of Scheme 10,
reduction of the nitro group using for example hydrogenation over Pd/C catalyst in a
solvent such as MeOH, EtOH, or EtOAc provides the cyclized product, 34.
Alternatively the reduction may be carried out using tin dichloride and HC1,
hydrogenation over Raney nickel or other catalysts, or by using other methods for
nitro reduction such as described elsewhere in this application.
The amino indole, 34, can now be converted to compounds of Formula I via,
for example, diazotization of the amino group, and then conversion of the diazonium
salt to the fluoride, chloride or alkoxy group. See the discussion of such conversions
in the descriptions for Schemes 17 and 18. The conversion of the amino moiety into
desired functionality could then be followed by installation of the oxoacetopiperazine
moiety by the standard methodology described above. 5 or 7-substitution of the
azaindole can arise from N-oxide formation at position 6 and subsequent conversion
to the chloro via conditions such as POCls in chloroform, acetic anhydride followed
by POCls in DMF, or alternatively TsCl in DMF. Literature references for these and
other conditions are provided in some of the later Schemes hi this application. The
synthesis of 4-bromo-7-hydroxy or protected hydroxy-4-azaindole is described below
as this is a useful precursor for 4 and/or 7 substituted 6-aza indoles.
The synthesis of 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-nitro pyridine, 35, may be
carried out as described in the following reference:Betageri, R.; Beaulieu, P.L.;
Lh'nas-Brunet, M; Ferland, J.M.; Cardozo, M.; Moss, N.; Patel, U.; Proudfoot, J.R.
PCTInt.Appl.WO 9931066,1999. Intermediate 36 is prepared from 35 according
to the method as described for Step 1 of Scheme 10. PG is an optional hydroxy
protecting group such as triallylsilyl or the like. Intermediate 37 is then prepared
from 36 by the selective reduction of the nitro group in the presence of bromide and
subsequent cyclization as described in the second step of Scheme 10. Fe(OH)a in
DMF with catalytic tetrabutylammonium bromide can also be utilized for the
reduction of the nitro group. The bromide may then be converted to fluoride via
displacement with fluoride anions or to other substituents. The compounds are then
converted to compounds of Formula I as above.
An alternate method for preparing substituted 6-azaindoles is shown below in
Schemes 12 and 13. It should be recognized that slight modifications of the route
depicted below are possible. For example, acylation reactions of the 3 position of
what will become the azaindole five membered ring, prior to aromatization of the
azaindole, may be carried out in order to obtain higher yields. In addition to a paramethoxybenzyl
group (PMB), a benzyl group can be carried through the sequence and
removed during azaindole formation by using TsOH, p-Chloranil, in benzene as the
oxidant if DDQ is not optimal. The benzyl intermediate, 38, has been described by
Ziegler et al. in /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95(22), 7458. The transformation of 38 to
40 is analogous to the transformation described in Heterocycles 1984,22,2313.
Scheme 13 describes various transformations of intermediate 40 which
ultimately provide compounds of Formula L The conversions of the phenol moiety to
other functionality at position 4 (Rj position in Scheme 13) may be carried out by the
following methods: 1) conversion of a phenol to methoxy group with silver oxide and
Mel or diazomethane; 2) conversion of a phenolic hydroxy group to chloro using cat
ZnCl2, and N,N dimetbylaniline in CH2a2 or PC15 and POC13 together; 3) conversion
of a phenolic hydroxy group to fluoro using diethylamine-SFa as in Org.Prep. Proc.
Int. 1992, 24(1), 55-57. The method described in EP 427603, 1991, using the
chloroformate and HF will also be useful. Other transformations are possible. For
example the phenol can be converted to a triflate by standard methods and used in
coupling chemistries described later in this application.
Step E. Scheme 14 depicts the nitration of an azaindole, 41, (R2 = H).
Numerous conditions for nitration of the azaindole may be effective and have been
described in the literature. NaOs in nitromethane followed by aqueous sodium
bisulfite according to the method of Bakke, J. M.; Ranes, E.; SyntJiesis 1997, 3, 281-
283 could be utilized. Nitric acid in acetic may also be employed as described in
Kimura, H.; Yotsuya, S.; Yuki, S.; Sugi, H.; Shigehara, I.; Haga, T.; CJiem. Pharm.
Bull. 1995, 43(10), 1696-1700. Sulfuric acid followed by nitric acid may be
employed as in Ruefenacht, K.; Kristinsson, H.; Mattern, G.; Helv Chim Acta 1976,
59, 1593. Coombes, R. G.; Russell, L. W.; J. Chem. Soc., Perldn Trans. 1 1974, 1751
describes the use of a Titatanium based reagent system for nitration. Other conditions
for the nitration of the azaindole can be found in the following references: Lever,
O.W.J.; Werblood, H. M.; Russell, R. K.; Synth. Comm. 1993, 23(9), 1315-1320;
Wozniak, M.; Van Der Plas, H. C.; J, Heterocyd Chem. 1978, 15, 731.
As shown above in Scheme 15, Step F, substituted azaindoles containing a
chloride, bromide, iodide, triflate, or phpsphonate undergo coupling reactions with a
boronate (Suzuki type reactions) or a stannane to provide substituted azaindoles.
Stannaries and boronates are prepared via standard literature procedures or as
described in the experimental section of this application. The substitututed indoles
may undergo metal mediated coupling to provide compounds of Formula I wherein
R4 is aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroalicyclic for example, The bromoazaindole
intermediates, (or azaindole triflates or iodides) may undergo Stille-type coupling
with heteroarylstannanes as shown in Scheme 15. Conditions for this reaction are
well known in the art and the following are three example references a) Farina, V.;
Roth, G.P. Recent advances in the Stille reaction; Adv. Met.-Org. Chem. 1996,5, l-
53. b) Farina, V.; Krishnaniurthy, V.; Scott, WJ. The Stille reaction; Org. React.
(N. Y.) 1997,50,1-652. and c) Stille, J. K. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl 1986,25,
508-524. Other references for general coupling conditions are also in the reference
by Richard C. Larock Comprehensive Organic Transformations 2nd Ed. 1999, John
Wiley and Sons New York. All of these references provide numerous conditions at
the disposal of those skilled in the art in addition to the specific examples provided in
Scheme 15 and hi the specific embodiments. It can be well recognized that an indole
stannane could also couple to a heterocyclic or aryl halide or triflate to construct
compounds of Formula L Suzuki coupling (Norio Miyaura and Akiro Suzuki Chem
Rev. 1995,95,2457.) between a triflate, bromo, or chloro azaindole intermediate and
a suitable boronate could also be employed and some specific examples are contained
in this application. Palladium catalyzed couplings of stannanes and boronates
between chloro azaindole intermediates are also feasible and have been utilized
extensively for this invention. Preferred procedures for coupling of a chloro
azaindole and a stannane employ dioxane, stoichiometric or an excess of the tin
reagent (up to 5 equivalents), 0.1 to 1 eq of Palladium (0) tetrakis triphenyl phosphine
in dioxane heated for 5 to 15 h at 110 to 120°. Other solvents such as DMF, THF,
toluene, or benzene could be employed. Preferred procedures for Suzuki coupling of
a chloro azaindole and a boronate employ 1:1 DMF water as solvent, 2 equivalents of
potassium carbonate as base stoichiometric or an excess of the boron reagent (up to 5
equivalents), 0.1 to 1 eq of Palladium (0) tetraMs triphenyl phosphine heated for 5 to
15 h at 110 to 120°. If standard conditions fail new specialized catalysts and
conditions can be employed. Some references (and the references therein) describing
catalysts which are useful for coupling with aryl and heteroaryl chlorides are:
Littke, A. P.; Dai, C.; Fu, G. C. /. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000,122(17), 4020-4028;
Varma, R. S.; Naicker, K. P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999,40(3), 439-442; Wallow, T. I.;
Novak, B. M. J. Org. Chem. 1994,59(17), 5034-7; Buchwald, S.; Old, D. W.;
Wolfe, J. P.; PalucM, M.; Kamikawa, K.; Chieffi, A.; Sadighi, J. P.; Singer, R. A.;
Ahman, J PCT Int. Appl. WO 0002887 2000; Wolfe, J. P.; Buchwald, S. L. Angew.
Chem., Int. Ed. 1999, 38(23), 3415; Wolfe, J. P.; Singer, R. A.; Yang, B. H.;
Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999,121(41), 9550-9561; Wolfe, J. P.;
Buchwald, S. L. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1999,38(16), 2413-2416; Bracher, P.;
Hildebrand, D.; LiebigsAnn. Chem. 1992,12,1315-1319; and Bracher, F.;
Hildebrand, D.; Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1993,8, 837-839.
Alternatively, the boronate or stannane may be formed on the azaindole via
methods known in the art and the coupling performed in the reverse manner with aryl
or heteroaryl based halogens or inflates.
Known boronate or stannane agents could be either purchased from
commercial resources or prepared following disclosed documents. Additional
examples for the preparation of tin reagents or boronate reagents are contained in the
experimental section.
Novel stannane agents could be prepared from one of the following routes.'
Boronate reagents are prepeared as described in reference 71. Reaction of
lithium or Grignard reagents with trialkyl borates generates boronates. Alternatively,
Palladium catalyzed couplings of alkoxy diboron or alkyl diboron reagents with aryl
or heteroaryl halides can provide boron reagents for use in Suzuki type couplings.
Some example conditions for coupling a halide with (MeO)BB(OMe)2 utilize PdC12
(dppf), KOAc, DMSO, at 80°C until reaction is complete when followed by TLC or
HPLC analysis.
Related examples are provided in the following experimental section.
Methods for direct addition of aryl or heteroaryl organometallic reagents to
alpha chloro nitrogen containing heterocyles or the N-oxides of nitrogen containing
heterocycles are known and applicable to the azaindoles. Some examples are
Shiotani et. Al. /. Heterocyclic Chem. 1997,34(3), 901-907; Fourmigue eLal. J.Org.
Chem. 1991, 56(16), 4858-4864.
Dkect displacements to install amine or N linked heteroaryl substituents can
also be used to prepare compounds of Formula I. As shown in Schemes 15aa and
15bb, a mixture of halo-indole or halo-azaindole intermediate, 1-2 equivalents of
copper powder, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2
equivalents for the 4-methoxy, 6-azaindole series; 1-2 equivalents of potassium
carbonate, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2 equivalents
for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series; and a 2-30 equivalents of the corresponding
heterocyclic reagent, with 10 equivalents preferred; was heated at 135-160°C for 4 to
9 hours, with 5 hours at 160°C preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 7 hours at
135°C preferred for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series. The reaction mixture was
cooled to room temperature and filtered through filter paper. The filtrate was diluted
with methanol and purified either by preparative HPLC or silica gel. In many cases
no chromatography is necessary, the product can be obtained by crystallization with
methanol.
Alternatively, the installation of amines or N linked heteroaryls may be
carried out by heating 1 to 40 equivalents of the appropriate amine and an equivalent
of the appropriate aza indole chloride, bromide or iodide with copper bronze (from
0.1 to lOequivalents (preferably about 2 equivalents) and from 1 to 10 equivalents of
finely pulverized potassium hydroxide (preferably about 2 equivalents).
Temperatures of 120° to 200° may be employed with 140-160° generally preferred.
For volatile starling materials a sealed reactor may be employed. The reaction is
most commonly used when the halogen being displaced is at the 7-position of a 6-aza
(or 4-azaindole, not shown) but the method can work in the 5-azaseries or when the
halogen is at a different position (4-7 position possible). As shown above the
reaction can be employed on azaindoles unsubstituted at position 3 or intermediates
which contain the dicarbonyl or the intact dicarbonyl piperazine urea or thioureas
contained in compounds of formula L
The preparation of a key aldehyde intermediate, 43, using a procedure adapted
from the method of Gilmore et Al. Synlett 1992,79-80. Is shown in Scheme 16
above. The aldehyde substituent is shown only at the IU position for the sake of
clarity, and should not be considered as a limitation of the methodology. The
bromide or iodide intermediate is converted into an aldehyde intermediate, 43, by
metal-halogen exchange and subsequent reaction with dimethylformamide in an
appropriate aprotic solvent Typical bases used include, but are not limited to, alkyl
lithium bases such as n-butyl h'thium, sec butyl lithium or tert butyl lithium or a metal
such as lithium metal. A preferred aprotic solvent is THF. Typically the
transmetallation is initiated at -78 °C. The reaction may be allowed to warm to allow
the transmetalation to go to completion depending on the reactivity of the bromide
intermediate. The reaction is then recooled to —78 °C and allowed to react with
dimethylformamide. (allowing the reaction to warm may be required to enable
complete reaction) to provide an aldehyde which is elaborated to compounds of
Formula I. Other methods for introduction of an aldehyde group to form
intermediates of formula 43 include transition metal catalyzed carbonylation reactions
of suitable bromo, trifluoromethane sulfonyl, or staunyl azaindoles. Alternative the
aldehydes can be introduced by reacting indolyl anions or indolyl Grignard reagents
with formaldehyde and then oxidizing with MnOa or TPAP/NMO or other suitable
oxidants to provide intermediate 43.
The methodology described hi T. Fukuda eLal. Tetrahedron 1999,55,9151
and M. Iwao eL Al. Heterocycles 1992,34(5), 1031 provide methods for preparing
indoles with substituents at the 7-position. The Fukuda references provide methods
for functionalizing the C-7 position of indoles by either protecting the indole nitrogen
with 2,2-diethyl propanoyl group and then deprotonating the 7-position with sec/Buli
hi TMEDA to give an anion. This anion may be quenched with DMF, formaldehyde,
or carbon dioxide to give the aldehyde, benzyl alcohol, or carboxylic acid respectively
and the protecting group removed with aqueous t butoxide. Similar tranformations
can be achieved by converting indoles to indoline, lithiation at C-7 and then
reoxidation to the indole such as described in the Iwao reference above. The
oxidation level of any of these products may be adjusted by methods well known in
the art as the interconversion of alcohol, aldehyde, and acid groups has been well
studied. It is also well understood that a cyano group can be readily converted to an
aldehyde. A reducing agent such as DEBALH in hexane such as used in Weyerstahl,
P.; Schlicht, V.; Liebigs Ann/Reel. 1997, 7,175-177 or alternatively catecholalane in
THF such as used in Cha, J. S.; Chang, S. W.; Kwon, 0.0.; Kim, J. M.; Synlett.
1996,2,165-166 will readily achieve this conversion to provide intermediates such as
44 (Scheme 16). Methods for synthesizing the nitriles are shown later in this
application. It is also well understood that a protected alcohol, aldehyde, or acid
group could be present in the starting azaindole and carried through the synthetic
steps to a compound of Formula I in a protected form until they can be converted into
the desired substituent at RI through Rj. For example, a benzyl alcohol can be
protected as a benzyl ether or silyl ether or other alcohol protecting group; an
aldehyde may be carried as an acetal, and an acid may be protected as an ester or
ortho ester until deprotection is desired and carried out by literature methods.
(Figure Removed)
Step G. Step 1 of Scheme 17 shows the reduction of a nitro group on 45
to the amino group of 46. Although shown on position 4 of the azaindole, the
chemistry is applicable to other nitro isomers. The procedure described in Ciurla, H.;
Puszko, A,; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996, 10, 1366-1371 uses hydrazine Raney-
Nickel for the reduction of the nitro group to the amine. Robinson, R. P.; DonahueO,
K. M.; Son, P. S.; Wagy, S. D.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1996, 33(2), 287-293 describes
the use of hydrogenation and Raney Nickel for the reduction of the nitro group to the
amine. Similar conditions are described by Nicolai, E.; Claude, S.; Teulon, J. M.; J.
Heterocycl Chem. 1994, 31(1), 73-75 for the same transformation. The following
two references describe some trimethylsilyl sulfur or chloride based reagents which
may be used for the reduction of a nitro group to an amine. Hwu, J.R.; Wong, F.F.;
Shiao, M.J.; /. Org. Chem. 1992, 57(19), 5254-5255; Shiao, M.J.; Lai, L.L.; Ku,
W.S.; Lin, P.Y.; Hwu, IR.; /. Org. Chem. 1993,58(17), 47424744.
Step 2 of Scheme 17 describes general methods for conversion of ammo
groups on azaindoles into other functionality. Scheme 18 also depicts
transformations of an amino azaindole into various intermediates and compounds of
(Figure Removed)
The arnino group at any position of the azaindole, such as 46 (Scheme 17),
may be converted to a hydroxy group using sodium nitrite, sulfuric acid, and water
via the 'method of Klemm, L. H.; Zell, R.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1968, 5, 773.
Bradsher, C. K; Brown, R C.; Porter, H. K; J. Am, Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 2357
describes how the hydroxy group may be alkylated under standard or Mitsonobu
conditions to form ethers. The amino group may be converted directly into a
methoxy group by diazotization (sodium nitrite and acid )and trapping with methanol.
The amino group of an azaindole, such as 46, can be converted to fluoro via
the method of Sanchez using HPFg, NaNCh, and water by the method described in
Sanchez, J. P.; Gogliotti, R. D.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1993, 30(4), 855-859. Other
methods useful for the conversion of the amino group to fluoro are described in
Rocca, P.; Marsais, R; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1993, 34(18),
2937-2940 and Sanchez, J. P.; Rogowski, J.W.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1987, 24,215.
The amino group of the azaindole, 46, can also be converted to a chloride via
diazotization and chloride displacement as described in Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A.; Khim
Geterotsikl Soedin 1996,10, 1366-1371 or the methods in Raveglia, L.F.; Giardina,
G.A..; Gragni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; J. Heterocycl Chem. 1997, 34(2), 557-559
or the methods in Matsumoto, J. L; Miyamoto, T.; Minamida, A.; Mishimura, Y.;
Egawa, H.; Mishimura, H.; /. Med. Chem. 1984, 27(5;, 292; or as in Lee, T.C.;
Salemnick, G.; /. Org. Chem. 1975,24,3608.
The amino group of the azaindole, 46, can also be converted to a bromide via
diazotization and displacement by bromide as described in Raveglia, L.F.; Giardina,
G.A..; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 557-
559; Talik, T.; Talik, Z.; Ban-Oganowska, H.; Synthesis 1974, 293; and
Abramovitch, R.A.; Sana, M.; Can. J. Chem. 1966,44,1765.
(Figure Removed)
The preparation of 4-amino 4-azaindole and 7-methyl-4-azaindole is
described by Mahadevan, L; Rasmussen, M. /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992,29(2), 359-
67. The amino group of the 4-amino 4-azaindole can be converted to halogens,
hydroxy, protected hydroxy, triflate, as described above in Schemes 17-18 for the 4-
amino compounds or by other methods known in the art. Protection of the indole
nitrogen of the 7-methyl-4-azaindole via acetylation or other strategy followed by
oxidation of the 7-methyl group with potassium permanganate or chromic acid
provides the 7-acid /4-N-oxide. Reduction of the N-oxide, as described below,
provides an intermediate from which to install various substiruents at position R4.
Alternatively the parent 4-azaindole which was prepared as described in Mahadevan,
L; Rasmussen, M. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992,29(2), 359-67 could be derivatized at
nitrogen to provide the l-(2,2-diethylbutanoyl)azaindole which could then be lithiated
using TMEDA /sec BuLi as described in T. Fukuda et. Al. Tetrahedron 1999,55,
9151-9162; followed by conversion of the lithio species to the 7-carboxylic acid or 7-
halogen as described. Hydrolysis of the N-amide using aqueous tert-butoxide in THF
regenerates the free NH indole which can now be converted to compounds of
Formula L The chemistry used to functionalize position 7 can also be applied to the 5
and 6 indole series.
Scheme 19 shows the preparation of a 7-chloro-4-azaindole, 50, which can be
converted to compounds of Formula I by the chemistry previously described,
especially the palladium catalyzed tin and boron based coupling methodology
described above. The chloro nitro indole, 49, is commercially available or can be
prepared from 48 according to the method of Delarge, J.; Lapiere, C. L. Pharm. Acta
Helv. 1975,50(6), 188-91.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 20, below, shows another synthetic route to substituted 4-aza indoles.
The 3-aminopyirole, 51, was reacted to provide the pyrrolopyridinone, 52, which was
then reduced to give the hydroxy azaindole, 53. The pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines
described were prepared according to the method of Britten, A.Z.; Griffiths, G.W.G.
CJiem. Ind. (London) 1973,6,278. The hydroxy azaindole, 53, can then be converted
to the triflate then further reacted to provide compounds of Formula L
H,N
(Figure Removed)
Steps
Formula 1 compounds
The following references describe the synthesis of 7-halo or 7 carboxylic acid,
or 7-amido derivatives of 5-azaindoline which can be used to construct compounds of
Formula I. Bycbikhina, N. N.; Azimov, V. A.; Yakhontov, L.N. Khim. Geterotsikl.
Soedin. 1983,1,58-62; Bychikhina, N. N.; Azimov, V. A.; Yakhontov, L. N. Khim.
Geterotsikl. Soedin. 1982,3, 356-60; Azimov, V. A.; Bychikhina, N. N.; Yakhontov,
L. N. Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin. 1981, 12, 1648-53; Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.; Spey,
S.E.; Adams, H. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64(26), 9430-9443; Spivey, A.C.; Fekner, T.;
Adams, H. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39(48), 8919-8922. The methods described in
Spivey et al. (preceding two references) for the preparation of l-methyl-7-bromo-4-
azaindoline can be used to prepare the l-benzyl-7-bromo-4-azaindoline, 54, shown
below in Scheme 21. This-can be utilized in Stille or Suzuki couplings to provide 55,
which is deprotected and dehydrogenated to provide 56. Other useful azaindole
intermediates, such as the cyano derivatives, 57 and 58, and the aldehyde derivatives,
59 and 60, can then be further elaborated to compounds of Formula L
(Figure Removed)
Alternatively the 7-funcu'onalized 5-azaindole derivatives may be obtained by
functionalization using the methodologies of T. Fukuda etal. Tetrahedron 1999,55,
9151 and M. Iwao et Al. Heterocycles 1992,34(5), 1031described above for the 4 or
6 azaindoles. The 4 or 6 positions of the 5 aza indoles can be funcn'onalized by using
the azaindole N-oxide.
The conversion of indoles to indolines is well known in the art and can be
carried out as shown or by the methods described in Somei, M.; Saida, Y.; Funamoto,
T.; Ohta, T. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1987,35(8), 3146-54; M. Iwao et. Al. Heterocycles
1992,34(5), 1031; andAkagi, M.; OzaM, K. Heterocycles 1987,26(1), 61-4.
Scheme 22
The preparation of azaindole oxoacetyl or oxo piperidines with carboxylic
acids can be carried out from nitrile, aldehyde, or anion precursors via hydrolysis,
oxidation, or trapping with COz respectively. As shown in the Scheme 22, Step 1, or
the scheme below step a!2 one method for forming the nitrile intermediate, 62, is by
cyanide displacement of a halide in the aza-indole ring. The cyanide reagent used can
be sodium cyanide, or more preferably copper or zinc cyanide. The reactions may be
carried out hi numerous solvents which are well known in the art. For example DMF
is used in the case of copper cyanide. Additional procedures useful for carrying out
step 1 of Scheme 24 are Yamaguchi, S.; Yoshida, M.; Miyajima, L; Araki, T.; Hirai,
Y.; /. Heterocycl Chem. 1995,32(5), 1517-1519 which describes methods for copper
cyanide; Yutilov, Y.M.; Svertilova, LA.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1994,8,1071-1075
which utilizes potassium cyanide; and Prager, R.H.; Tsopelas, C.; Heisler, T.; Aust. J.
Chem. 1991,44 (2), 277-285 which utilizes copper cyanide in the presence of
MeOS(O)2F. The chloride or more preferably a bromide on the azaindole may be
displaced by sodium cyanide in dioxane via the method described in Synlett. 1998,3,
243-244. Alternatively, Nickel dibromide, Zinc, and triphenyl phosphine in can be
used to activate aromatic and heteroaryl chlorides to displacement via potassium
cyanide in THF or other suitable solvent by the methods described in Eur. Pat. Appl.,
831083,1998.
The conversion of the cyano intermediate, 62, to the carboxylic acid
intermediate, 63, is depicted in step 2, Scheme 22 or hi step a!2, Scheme 23. Many
methods for the conversion of nitriles to acids are well known in the art and may be
employed. Suitable conditions for step 2 of Scheme 22 or the conversion of
intermediate 65 to intermediate 66 below employ potassium hydroxide, water, and an
aqueous alcohol such as ethanol. Typically the reaction must be heated at refluxing
temperatures for one to 100 h. Other procedures for hydrolysis include those
described in:
Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 493-499;
Boogaard, A. T.; Pandit, U. K.; Koomen, G.-J.; Tetrahedron 1994,50(8), 2551-2560;
Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocydes 1994, 38(2), 391-397; Macor, J.E.; Post, R.;
Ryan, K; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1992, 29(6), 1465-1467.
The acid intermediate, 66 (Scheme 23), may then be esterified using
conditions well known in the art. For example, reaction of the acid with
diazomethane in an inert solvent such as ether, dioxane, or THF would give the
methyl ester. Intermediate 67 may then be converted to intermediate 68 according to
the procedure described in Scheme 2. Intermediate 68 may then be hydrolyzed to
provide intermediate 69.
(Figure Removed)
As shown in Scheme 24, step a!3 another preparation of the
indoleoxoacetylpiperazine 7-carboxylic acids, 69, is carried out by oxidation of the
corresp'onding 7-carboxaldehyde, 70. Numerous oxidants are suitable for the
conversion of aldehyde to acid and many of these are described in standard organic
chemistry texts such as: Larock, Richard C., Comprehensive organic transformations
: a guide to functional group preparations 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-VCH, 1999. One
preferred method is the use of silver nitrate or silver oxide in a solvent such as
aqueous or anhydrous methanol at a temperature of -25 °C or as high as reflux. The
reaction is typically carried out for one to 48 h and is typically monitored by TLC or
LC/MS until complete conversion of product to starting material has occurred.
Alternatively, KmnO4 or CrO3/H2S04 could be utilized.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 25 gives a specific example of the oxidation of an aldehyde
intermediate, 70a, to provide the carboxylic acid intermediate, 69a,
(Figure Removed)
Alternatively, intermediate 69 can be prepared by the nitrile method of
synthesis carried out in an alternative order as shown in Scheme 26. The nitrile
hydrolyis step can be delayed and the nitrile carried through the synthesis to provide a
nitrile which can be hydrolyzed to provide the free acid, 69, as above.
(Figure Removed)
Step H. The direct conversion of nitriles, such as 72, to amides, such as
73, shown in Scheme 27, Step H, can be carried out using the conditions as described
in Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, TL; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1996, 33(4), 1051-1056
(describes the use of aqueous sulfuric acid); Memoli, TLA.', Tetrahedron Lett. 1996,
37(21), 3617-3618; Adolfsson, H.; Waemmark, K.; Moberg, C.; /. Org. Chem. 1994,
59(8), 2004-2009; and El Hadri, A.; Leclerc, G.; J. Heterocycl. Chem, 1993, 30(3),
631-635.
Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K.; /. Heterocyd. Chem. 1997, 34(2), 493-499;
Boogaard, A. T.; Pandit, U. K.; Koomen, G.-J.; Tetrahedron 1994,50(8), 2551-2560;
Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocycles 1994,38(2), 391-397;
Macor, J.E.; Post, R.; Ryan, K.; J. Heterocyd. Cliem. 1992,29(6), 1465-1467.
StepJ.
The following scheme (28A) shows an example for the preparation of 4-
fluoro-7substituted azaindoles from a known starting materials. References for the
Bartoli indole synthesis were mentioned earlier. The conditions for tranformation to
the nitriles, acids, aldeheydes, heterocycles and amides have also been described in
this application.
(Figure Removed)
Steps al6, a7, and a!8 encompasses reactions and conditions for 1°, 2° and
3° amide bond formation as shown in Schemes 28 and 29 which provide compounds
such as those of Formula 73.
The reaction conditions for the formation of amide bonds encompass any
reagents that generate a reactive intermediate for activation of the carboxylic acid to
amide formation, for example (but not limited to), acyl halide, from carbodiimide,
acyl iminium salt, symmetrical anhydrides, mixed anhydrides (including
phosphonic/phpsphinic mixed anhydrides), active esters (including silyl ester, methyl
ester and thioester), acyl carbonate, acyl azide, acyl sulfonate and acyloxy Nphosphonium
salt The reaction of the indole carboxylic acids with amines to form
amides may be mediated by standard amide bond forming conditions described in the
art. Some examples for amide bond formation are listed in references 41-53 but this
list is not limiting. Some carboxylic acid to amine coupling reagents which are
applicable are EDC, Diisopropylcarbodiimide or other carbodiimides, PyBop
(benzotriazolyloxytris(dirnethylarnino) phosphonium hexafmorophosphate), 2-(lHbenzotriazole-
l-yl)-l, 1,3,3-tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU). A
particularly useful method for azaindole 7-carboxylic acid to amide reactions is the
use of carbonyl imidazole as the coupling reagent as described in reference 53. The
temperature of this reaction may be lower than in the cited reference, from 80 °C (or
possibly lower) to 150 °C or higher. A more specific application is depicted in
(Figure Removed)
The following four general methods provide a more detailed description for
the preparation of indolecarboamides and these methods were employed for the
synthesis of compounds of Formula I.
Method!:
To a mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (1 equiv., 0.48 mmol), an
appropriate amine (4 equiv.) and DMAP (58 mg, 0.47 mmol) dissolved CEfeCla (1
ml.) was added EDC (90 mg, 0.47 mmol). The resulting mixture was shaken at rt for
12h, and then evaporated in vacua. The residue was dissolved in MeOH, and
subjected to preparative reverse phase HPLC purification.
Method 2:
To a mixture of an appropriate amine (4 equiv.) and HOBT (16 mg, 0.12
mmol) in THF (0.5 mL) was added an acid intermediate, such as 69, (25 mg, 0.06
mmol) and NMM (50 jol, 0.45 mmol), followed by EDC (23 mg, 0.12 mmol). The
reaction mixture was shaken at rt for 12 h. The volatiles were evaporated in vacua;
and the residue dissolved in MeOH and subjected to preparative reverse phase HPLC
purification.
Method 3:
To a mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (0.047 mmol), amine (4
equiv.) and DEPBT (prepared according to Li, H.; Jiang, X. Ye, Y.; Fan, C.; Todd,
R.; Goodman, M. Organic Letters 1999, /, 91; 21 mg, 0.071 mmol) in DMF (0.5 mL)
was added TEA (0.03 mL, 0.22 mmol). The resulting mixture was shaken at rt for 12
h; and then diluted with MeOH (2 mL) and purified by preparative reverse phase
HPLC.
Method 4:
A mixture of an acid intermediate, such as 69, (0.047mmol) and 8.5 mg
(0.052mmol) of 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole in anhydrous THF (2 mL) was heated to
reflux under nitrogen. After 2.5h, 0.052 mmol of amine was added and heating
continued. After an additional period of 3~20 h at reflux, the reaction mixture was
cooled and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography on
silica gel to provide a compound of Formula I.
In addition, the carboxylic acid may be converted to an acid chloride using
reagents such as thionyl chloride (neat or in an inert solvent) or oxalyl chloride in a
solvent such as benzene, toluene, THF, or CHaCk. The amides may alternatively, be
formed by reaction of Jhe acid chloride with an excess of ammonia, primary, or
secondary amine in an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene, THF, or CHzCk or with
stoichiometric amounts of amines in the presence of a tertiary amine such as
triethylamine or a base such as pyridine or 2,6-lutidine. Alternatively, the acid
chloride may be reacted with an amine under basic conditions (Usually sodium or
potassium hydroxide) in solvent mixtures containing water and possibly a miscible co
solvent such as dioxane or THF. Scheme 25B depicts a typical preparation of an acid
chloride and derivatization to an amide of Formula I. Additionally, the carboxylic
acid may be converted to an ester preferably a methyl or ethyl ester and then reacted
with an amine. The ester may be formed by reaction with diazomethane or
alternatively trimethylsilyl diazomethane using standard conditions which are well
known in the art References and procedures for using these or otber ester forming
reactions can be found in reference 52 or 54.
Additional references for the formation of amides from acids are: Norman,
M.H.; Navas, R El; Thompson, J.B.; Rigdon, G.C.; /. Med. Chem. 1996, 39(24),
4692-4703; Hong, R; Pang, Y.-P.; Cusack, B.; Richelson, E.; /. Chem. Soc., Perkin
Trans 11997,14, 2083-2088; Langry, K.C.; Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1994, 26(4), 429-
438; Romero, DJL.; Morge, R.A.; Biles, C.; Berrios-Pena, N.; May, P.D.; Palmer,
J.R.; Johnson, P.D.; Smith, H.W.; Busso, M.; Tan, C.-K.; Voonnan, R.L.; Reusser,
R; Alrnaus, I.W.; Downey, K.M.; et al.; J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37(7), 999-1014;
Bhattacharjee, A.; Mukhopadhyay, R.; Bhattacharjya, A.; Indian J. Chem., Sect B
1994,33(7), 679-682.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 31 shows synthetic transformations on a chloro nitro azaindole. Step
F-l of Scheme 31 can be carried may be carried out according to the following
procedures: Yamagucbi, S.; Yoshida, M.; Miyajima, L; AraM, T.; Hirai, Y.; J.
Heterocycl Chem. 1995,32(5), 1517-1519;
Yutilov, Y.M.; SvertUova, I. A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1994,8,1071-1075;
and Prager, R.H.; Tsopelas, C.; Heisler, T.; Aust. J. Chem. 1991, 44(2), 277-285.
Step P-2 of Scheme 31 may be accomplished according to the procedures set forth in:
Ciurla, H.; Puszko, A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996, 10, 1366-1371; Robinson,
R.P.; Donahue, KM.; Son, P.S.; Wagy, S.D.; J. HeterocycL Chem. 1996,33(2), 287-
293; Nicolai, E.; Ckude, S.; Teulon, J. M.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1994, 31(1), 73-75;
Hwu, J.R.; Wong, F.F.; Shiao, M.J.; J. Org. Chem. 1992,57(19), 5254-5255; Shiao,
M.-J.; Lai, L.-L.; Ku, W.-S.; Lin, P.-Y.; Hwu, J.R.; /. Org. Chem. 1993, 58(17),
4742-4744.
The introduction of an alkoxy or aryloxy substituent onto the azaindole (Step
G, Scheme 31, RI is alkoxy or aryloxy) may be accomplished by the f procedures
described in Klemm, L.H.; Zell, R.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1968, 5, 773; Bradsher, C.
K.; Brown, F. C.; Porter, H. K; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 2357; and Hodgson, H.
H.; Foster, C. K.; J. Chem. Soc. 1942,581.
The introduction of a fluorine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme
31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Sanchez, J. P.;
Gogliotti, R. D.; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1993, 30(4), 855-859; Rocca, P.; Marsais, F.;
Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1993,34(18), 2937-2940; and Sanchez,
J.P.; Rogowski, J.W.; J. HeterocycL Chem. 1987,24,215.
The introduction of a chlorine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme
31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Ciurla, H.;
Puszko, A.; Khim Geterotsikl Soedin 1996,10,1366-1371; Raveglia, L.F.; Giardinal,
G.A.M.; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C.; /. HeterocycL Chem. 1997,34(2), 557-
559; Matsumoto, J.I.; Miyamoto, T.; Minamida, A.; Mishimura, Y.; Egawa, H.;
Mishimura, H.; /. Med. Chem. 1984, 27(3), 292; Lee, T.-C.; Salemnick, G.; J. Org.
Chem. 1975,24,3608.
The introduction of a bromine substituent onto the azaindole (Step G, Scheme
31) may be accomplished according to the procedures as described in Raveglia, L.F.;
Giardina, G.A.M.; Grugni, M.; Rigolio, R.; Farina, C. ; J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1997,
34(2), 557-559; Talik, T.; Talik, Z.; Ban-Oganowska, H.; Synthesis 1974, 293;
Abramovitch, R. A.; Saha^ M.; Can. J. Chem. 1966,44,1765.
It is well known in the art that heterocycles may be prepared from an
aldehyde, carboxylic acid, cafboxylic acid ester, carboxyh'c acid amide, carboxylic
acid halide, or cyano moiety or attached to another carbon substituted by a bromide or
other leaving group such as a triflate, mesylate, chloride, iodide, or phosponate. The
methods for preparing such intermediates from intermediates typified by the
carboxylic acid intermediate, 69, bromo intermediate, 76, or aldehyde intermediate,
70 described above are known by a typical chemist practitioner. The methods or
types of heterocycles which may be constructed are described in the chemical
literature. Some representative references for finding such heterocycles and their
construction are included in reference 55 through 67 but should in no way be
construed as limiting. However, examination of these references shows that many
versatile methods are available for synthesizing diversely substituted heterocycles and
it is apparent to one skilled in the art that these can be applied to prepare compounds
of Formula I. Chemists well versed in the art can now easily, quickly, and routinely
find numerous reactions for preparing heterocycles, amides, oximes or other
substituents from the above mentioned starting materials by searching for reactions or
preparations using a conventional electronic database such as Scifrnder (American
Chemical Society), Crossfire (Beilstein), Theilheimer, or Reaccs (MDS). The
reaction conditions identified by such a search can then be employed using the
substrates described in this application to produce all of the compounds envisioned
and covered by this invention. In the case of amides, commercially available amines
can be used in the synthesis. Alternatively, the above mentioned search programs can
be used to locate literature preparations of known amines or procedures to synthesize
new amines. These procedures are then carried out by one with typical skill in the art
to provide the compounds of Formula I for use as antiviral agents.
As shown below in Scheme 32, step a!3, suitable substituted azaindoles, such
as the bromoazaindole intermediate, 76, may undergo metal mediated couplings with
aryl groups, heterocycles.ior vinyl stannanes to provide compounds of Formula I
wherein RS is aryl, heteroaryl, or heteroalicyclic for example. The bromoazaindole
intermediates, 76 (or azaindole triflates or iodides) may undergo Stille-type coupling
with heteroarylstannanes as shown in Scheme 32, step a!3. Conditions for this
reaction are well known in the art and references 68-70 as well as reference 52
provide numerous conditions in addition to the specific examples provided in Scheme
14 and in the specific embodiments. It can be well recognized that an indole stannane
could also couple to a heterocyclic or aryl halide or triflate to construct compounds of
Formula L Suzuki coupling, (reference 71) between the bromo intermediate, 76, and a
suitable boronate could also be employed and some specific examples are contained
in this application.
(Figure Removed)
described in the claims or be converted into an acyclic group. The aldehyde, 70, may
be reacted with a Tosrnic based reagent to generate oxazoles (references 42 and 43 for
example). The aldehyde, 70, may be reacted with a Tosrnic reagent and than an
amine to give imidazoles as in reference 72 or the aldehyde intermediate, 70, may be
reacted with hydroxylamtne to give an oxime which is a compound of Formula I as
described below. Oxidation of the oxime with NBS, t-butyl hypochlorite, or the other
known reagents would provide the N-oxide which react with alkynes or 3 alkoxy
vinyl esters to give isoxazoles of varying substitution. Reaction of the aldehyde
intermediate 70, with the known reagent, 77 (reference 70) shown below under basic
conditions would provide 4-aminotrityl oxazoles.
N=C=N-CPh3
Removal of the trityl group would provide 4-amino oxazoles which could be
substitutued by acylation, reductive alkylation or alkylation reactions or heterocycle
forming reactions. The trityl could be replaced with an alternate protecting group
such as a monomethoxy trityl, CBZ, benzyl, or appropriate silyl group if desired.
Reference 73 demonstrates the preparation of oxazoles containing a triflouoromethyl
moiety and the conditions described therein demonstrates the synthesis of oxazoles
with fluorinated methyl groups appended to them.
The aldehyde could also be reacted with a metal or Grignard (alkyl, aryl, or
heteroaryl) to generate secondary alcohols. These would be efficacious or could be
oxidized to the ketone with TPAP or MnC>2 or PCC for example to provide ketones of
Formula I which could be utilized for treatment or reacted with metal reagents to give
tertiary alcohols or alternatively converted to oximes by reaction with hydroxylamine
hydrochlorides in ethanolic solvents. Alternatively the aldehyde could be converted
to benzyl amines via reductive animation. An example of oxazole formation via a
Tosmic reagent is shown below in Scheme 35. The same reaction would work with
aldehydes at other positions and also in the 5 and 6 aza indole series.
Scheme 36 shows in step a!5, a cyano intermediate, such as 62, which could
be directly converted to compounds of Formula I via heterocycle formation or
reaction with organometallic reagents.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 37 shows a method for acylation of a cyanoindole intermediate of
formula 65 with oxalyl chloride which would give acid chloride, 79, which could
then be coupled with the appropriate amine in the presence of base to provide 80.
The nitrile intermediate, 80, could be converted to the tetrazole of formula 81,
which could then be alkylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane to give the compound
of formula 82 (Scheme 38).
Tetrazole alkylation with alkyl halides would be carried out prior to azaindole
acylation as shown in Scheme 39. Intermediate 65 could be converted to tetrazole,
83, which could be alkylated to provide 84. Intermediate 84 could then be acylated
and hydrolyzed to provide 85 which could be subjected to amide formation
conditions to provide 86. The group appended to the tetrazole may be quite diverse
and still exhibit impressive potency.
Scheme 40 shows that an oxadiazole such as, 88, may be prepared by the
addition of hydroxylamine to the nitrile, 80, followed by ring closure of intennediate
87 with phosgene. Alkylation of oxadiazole, 88, with trimethylsilyldiazomethane
would give the compound of formula 89.
A 7-cyanoindole, such as 80, could be efficiently converted to the imidate
ester under conventional Pinner conditions using 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. The
imidate ester can be reacted with nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur nucleopMles to provide
C7-substituted indoles, for example: imidazolines, benzimidazoles,
azabenzimidazoles, oxazolines, oxadiazoles, thiazolines, triazoles, pyrimidines and
amidines etc. For example the imidate may be reacted with acetyl hydrazide with
heating in a nonparticipating solvent such as dioxane, THF, or benzene for example,
(aqueous base or aqueous base in an alcoholic solvent may need to be added to effect
final dehydrative cyclization in some cases) to form a methyl triazine. Other
hydrazines can be used, Triazines can also be installed via coupling of stannyl
triazines with 4,5,6,or 7-bromo or chloro azaindoles. The examples give an example
of the formation of many of these heterocycles.
References:
(1) Das, B. P.; Boykin, D. W. /. Med. Chem. 1977,20,531.
(2) Czarny, A.; Wilson, W. D.; Boykin, D. W. J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1996, 33,
1393.
(3) Francesconi, I; Wilson, W. D.; Tanious, F. A.; Hall, J. E.; Bender, B. C.;
Tidwell, R. R.; McCurdy, D.; Boykin, D. W. J. Med. Chem. 1999,42,2260.
Scheme 41 shows addition of either hydroxylamine or hydroxylamine acetic
acid to aldehyde intermediate 90 may give oximes of Formula 91.
(Figure Removed)
An acid may be a precursor for substituents RI through Rs when it occupies
the corresponding position such as RS as shown in Scheme 42.
(Figure Removed)
An acid intermediate, such as 69, may be used as a versatile precursor to
generate numerous substituted compounds. The acid could be converted to
hydrazonyl bromide and then a pyrazole via reference 74. One method for general
heterocycle synthesis would be to convert the acid to an alpha bromo ketone (ref 75)
by conversion to the acid chloride using standard methods, reaction with
diazomethane, and finally reaction with HBr. The alpha bromo ketone could be used
to prepare many different compounds of Formula I as it can be converted to many
heterocycles or other compounds of Formuk L Alpha amino ketones can be prepared
by displacement of the bromide with amines. Alternatively, the alpha bromo ketone
could be used to prepare heterocycles not available directly from the aldeheyde or
acid. For example, using the conditions of Hulton in reference 76 to react with the
alpha bromo ketone would provide oxazoles. Reaction of the alpha bromoketone
with urea via the methods of reference 77 would provide 2-amino oxazoles. The
alpha bromoketone could also be used to generate furans using beta keto esters(ref
78-80) or other methods, pyrroles (from beta dicarbonyls as in ref 81 or by Hantsch
methods (ref 82) thiazoles , isoxazoles and imidazoles (ref 83) example using
literature procedures. Coupling of the aforementioned acid chloride with N-methyl-
O-metfayl hydroxyl amine would provide a "Weinreb Amide" which could be used to
react with alkyl lithiums or Grignard reagents to generate ketones. Reaction of the
Weinreb anion with a dianion of a hydroxyl amine would generate isoxazoles (ref
84). Reaction with an acetylenic lithium or other carbanion would generate alkynyl
indole ketones. Reaction of this alkynyl intermediate with diazomethane or other
diazo compounds would give pyrazoles (ref 85). Reaction with azide or hydroxyl
amine would give heterocycles after elimination of water. Nitrile oxides would react
with the alkynyl ketone to give isoxazoles (ref 86). Reaction of the initial acid to
provide an acid chloride using for example oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride or
triphenyl phosphine/ carbon tetrachloride provides a useful intermediate as noted
above. Reaction of the acid chloride with an alpha ester substituted isocyanide and
base would give 2-substituted oxazoles (ref 87): These could be converted to amines,
alcohols, or halides using standard reductions or Hoffman/Curtius type
rearrangements.
/Scheme 43 describes alternate chemistry for installing the oxoacetyl
piperazine moiety onto the 3 position of the azaindoles. StepA'" in Scheme 43
depicts reaction with formaldehyde and dimethylamine using the conditions in
Frydman, B.; Despuy, M.E.; Rapoport, H.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 3530 will
provide the dimethylamino compound shown.
Step B'" shows displacement with potassium cyanide would provide the
cyano derivative according to the method described in MiyasMta, K.; Kondoh, K.;
Tsuchiya, K.; Miyabe, H.; Imanisbi, T.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1997, 45(5), 932-935 or
in Kawase, M.; Sinhababu, A.K.; Borchardt, R.T.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1990, 38(1]),
2939-2946. The same transformation could also be carried out using TMSCN and a
telrabutylammonium flouride source as in Iwao, M.; Motoi, O.; Tetrahedron Lett.
1995,36(33), 5929-5932. Sodium cyanide could also be utilized.
Step C"' of Scheme 43 depicts hydrolysis of the nitrile with sodium
hydroxide and methanol would provide the acid via the methods described in Iwao,
M.; Motoi, O.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1995,36(33), 5929-5932 for example. Other basic
hydrolysis conditions using either NaOH or KOH as described in Thesing, J.; et al.;
Chem. Ber. 1955, 88, 1295 and Geissman, T.A.; Armen, A.; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952,
74, 3916. The use of a nitrilase enzyme to achieve the same transformation is
described by Klempier N, de Raadt A, Griengl H, Heinisch G, /. Heterocycl. Chem.,
1992 29,93, and may be applicable.
Step D'" of Scheme 43 depicts an alpha hydroxylation which may be
accomplished by methods as described in Hanessian, S.; Wang, W.; Gai, Y.;
Tetrahedron Lett. 1996,37(42), 7477-7480; Robinson, R. A.; dark, J. S.; Holmes, A.
B.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115(22), 10400-10401 (KNOMS^ and then
camphorsulfonyloxaziridine or another oxaziridine; andDavis, F.A.; Reddy, R.T.;
Reddy, R.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1992,57(24), 6387-6389.
Step E'" of Scheme 43 shows methods for the oxidation of the alpha hydroxy
ester to the ketone which may be accomplished according to the methods described in
Mohand, S.A.; Levina, A.; Muzart, J.; Synth. Comm. 1995,25 (14), 2051-2059. A
preferred method for step E"' is that of Ma, Z.; Bobbitt, J.M.; J. Org. Chem. 1991,
56(21), 6110-6114 which utilizes 4-(NH-Ac)-TEMPO in a solvent such as CH2C12 in
the presence of para toluenesulfonic acid. The method described in Corson, B.B.;
Dodge, R.A.; Harris, S.A.; Hazen, R.K.; Org. Synth. 1941,1, 241 for the oxidation of
the alpha hydroxy ester to the ketone uses KmnO4 as oxidant. Other methods for the
oxidation of the alpha hydroxy ester to the ketone include those described in
Hunaeus,; Zincke,; Ber. Dtsch Chem. Ges. 1877, 20,1489; Acree,; Am. Chem. 1913,
50,391; and daisen,; Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1877,10, 846.
Step F"r of Scheme 43 depicts the coupling reactions which may be carried
out as described previously in the application and by a preferred method which is
described in Li, H.; Jiang, X.; Ye, Y.-H.; Fan, C; Romoff, T.; Goodman, M. Organic
Lett., 1999, /, 91-93 and employs 3-(Diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzorriazm-
4(3fl)-one (DEPBT); a new coupling reagent with remarkable resistance to
racemization.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 44 depicts the preparation of Formula I compounds by coupling
HWC(O)A to the acid as described in Step F" of Scheme 43, followed by
hydroxylation as in Step D'" of Scheme 43 and oxidation as described in Step E"' of
Scheme 43.
131
Scheme 45
Scheme 45 depicts a method for the preparation which could be used to obtain
amido compounds of Formula I. Step G' represents ester hydrolysis followed by
amide formation (StepH' as described in Step F" of Scheme 43). Step I' of Scheme
45 depicts the preparation of the N-oxide which could be accomplished according to
the procedures in Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C.; Sakorai, K.; Tokumoto, K; Takahashi, H.;
Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Tetrahedron 1997, 53(5), 1593-1606;
Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C.; Murakami, Y.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1991,
39(8), 2170-2172; and Ohmato, T.; Koike, K.; Sakamoto, Y.; Chem. Pharm. Bull.
1981,29,390. Cyanation of the N-oxide is shown in Step J' of Scheme 45 which may
be accomplished according to Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C; Sakurai, K.; Tokumoto, K.;
Takahashi, H.; Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami, Y.; Tetrahedron 1997,53(5),
1593-1606 and Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C.; Murakami, Y.; Chem. Pharm.
Bull. 1991, 39(8), 2170-2172. Hydrolysis of the nitrile to the acid is depicted in Step
K' of Scheme 45 according to procedures such as Shiotani, S.; Tanigucchi, K.; J.
Heterocyd. Chem. 1996, 33(4), 1051-1056; Memoli, K.A.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1996,
37(21), 3617-3618; Adolfsson, EL; Waernmark, K.; Moberg, C.; /. Org. Chem. 1994,
59(8), 2004-2009; and El Hadri, A.; Leclerc, G.; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1993, 30(3),
631-635. Step L' of Scheme 45 depicts a method which could be utilized for the
preparation of amido compounds of Formula I from the cyano derivative which may
be accomplished according to procedures described in Shiotani, S.; Taniguchi, K-; J.
Heterocyd. Chem. 1997,34(2), 493-499; Boogaard, A.T.; Pandit, U.K; Koomen, G.-
J.; Tetrahedron 1994, 50(8), 2551-2560; Rivalle, C.; Bisagni, E.; Heterocydes 1994,
38(2), 391-397; and Macor, J.E.; Post, R.; Ryan, K.; J. Heterocyd. Chem. 1992,
29(6), 1465-1467. Step M' of Scheme 45 shows a method which could be used for
the preparation of amido compounds of Formula I from the acid derivative which
may be accomplished according to procedures described in Norman, M.H.; Navas, F.
ffl; Thompson, J.B.; Rigdon, G.C.; J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39(24), 4692-4703; Hong,
F.; Pang, Y.-P.; Cusack, B.; Richelson, E.; /. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 1 1997, 14,
2083-2088; Langry, K. C.; Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1994, 26(4), 429-438; Romero,
D.L.; Morge, R.A.; Biles, C.; Berrios-Pena, N.; May, P.D.; Palmer, J.R.; Johnson,
P.D.; Smith, H.W.; Busso, M.; Tan, C.-K; Voorman, R.L.; Reusser, F.; Althaus,
I.W.; Downey, K.M.; et al.; J. Med. Chem. 1994,37(7), 999-1014 and Bhattacharjee,
A.; Mukhopadhyay, R.; Bhattacharjya, A.; Indian J. Chem., Sect B 1994, 33(7), 679-
682.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 46 shows a method which could be used for the synthesis of an
azaindole acetic acid derivative. Protection of the amine group could be effected by
treatment with di-tert-butyldicarbonate to introduce the t-Butoxycarbonyl (BOC)
group. Introduction of the oxalate moiety may then be accomplished as shown in
Step A of Scheme 46 according to the procedures described in Hewawasam, P.;
Meanwell, N. A.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1994,35(40), 7303-7306 (using t-Buli, or s-buli,
TOP); or Stanetty, P.; Koller, H.; Mihovilovic, M.; J. Org. Chem. 1992,57(25),
6833-6837 (using t-Buli). The intermediate thus formed could then be cyclized to
form the azaindole as shown in Step B of Scheme 46 according to the procedures
described in Fuerstner, A.; Ernst, A.; Krause, H.; Ptock, A.; Tetrahedron 1996,
52(21), 7329-7344 (using. TiCD, Zn, DME); or Fuerstner, A.; Hupperts, A.; J. Am.
Chem. Soc. 1995,117(16), 4468-4475 (using Zn, excess Tms-Cl, TiCD (cat.),
MeCN).
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 47 describes an alternate synthesis which could be used to prepare
azaindole acetic acid derivatives. Step C of Scheme 47 could be accomplished by
using the procedures described in Harden, FA.; Quinn, R.J.; Scammells, P.J.; J. Med.
Chem. 1991,34(9), 2892-2898 [use of 1. NaNOa, cone. HCI 2. SnCl2, cone. HCI
(cat)]. Typically, 10 equivalents of NaNOa and 1.0 equivalents of substrate reacted
at 0 °C for 0.25 to Ih and to this reaction mixture was added 3.5 equivalents of
SnCl2- Alternatively, the procedure described in DeRoos, K.B.; Salemink, C.A.;
Red. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bos 1971,90,1181 (use of NaNO2, AcOH, H2O) could be
used. The intermediate thus formed could be further reacted and cyclized to provide
azaindole acetic acid derivatives as shown in Step D of Scheme 47 and according to
the procedures described inAtkinson, C. M.; Mattocks, A. R.; /. Chem. Soc. 1957,
3722; Ain Khan, M.; Ferreira Da Rocha, J.; Heterocycles 1978,9,1617; Fusco, R.;
Sannicolo, F.; Tetraliedron 1980,36,161[use of HCI (cone)]; Abramovitch, R. A.;
Spenser, L D.; Adv. Heterocycl Chem. 1964,3, 79 (use of ZnCl2, p-Cymene); and
Clemo, G. R.; Holt, R. J. W.; J. Chem. Soc. 1953,1313; (use of ZnCl2, EtOH, Sealed
tube).
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 48 depicts another possible route to azaindole acetic acid derivatives.
Step E of Scheme 48 could be carried out as shown or according to procedures such
as those described in Yurovskaya, M.A.; Kharnlova, LG.; Nesterov, V.N.; Shishkin,
O.V.; Struchkov, T.; Khun Geterotsikl Soedin 1995,11,1543-1550; Grzegozek, M.;
Wozniak, M.; Baranski, A.; Van Der Has, H.C.; /. Heterocycl. Chem. 1991,28(4),
1075-1077 (use of NaOH, DMSO); Lawrence, N.J.; Liddle, J.; Jackson, D.A.;
Tetrahedron Lett. 1995,36(46), 8477-8480 (use of. NaH, DMSO); Haglund, O.;
Nilsson, M.; Synthesis 1994, 3,242-244; (use of 2.5 equiv. CuCl, 3.5 equiv. TBu-
OK, DME, Py); Makosza, M.; Sienkiewicz, K.; Wojciechowski, K.; Synthesis 1990,
9, 850-852; (use of KO-tBu, DMF); Makosza, M.; Nizamov, S.; Org. Prep. Proceed.
Int. 1997,29(6), 707-710; (use of tBu-OK, THF). Step F of Scheme 48 shows the
cyclization reaction which could provide the azaindole acetic acid derivatives. This
reaction could be accomplished according to procedures such as those described in
Frydman, B.; Baldain, G.; Repetto, J. C.; /. Org. Chem. 1973,38,1824 (use of H2)
Pd-C, EtOH); Bistryakova, L D.; Smirnova, N. M.; Safonova, T. S.; Khim
Geterotsikl Soedin 1993,6,800-803 (use of H2, Pd-C (cat), MeOH); Taga, M.;
Ohtsuka, H.; Inoue, I.; Kawaguchi, T.; Nomura, S.; Yamada, K.; Date, T.; BSramatsu,
H.; Sato, Y.; Heterocycles 1996,42(1), 251-263 (use of SnCl2, HQ, Et2O); Arcari,
M.; Aveta, R.; Brandt, A.; Cecchetelli, L.; Corsi, G.B.; Dirella, M.; Gazz. Chim. Ital.
1991,121(11), 499-504 [use of Na2S2O6) THF/BtOH/H2O (2:2:1)]; Moody, C. J.;
Rahimtoola, K. R; J. Chem. Soc., PerJdn Trans 11990, 673 (use of TiCls, NKtOac,
acetone, HjO).
Scheme 49 provides another route to azaindole intermediates which could
then be further elaborated to provide compounds of Formula I, such as the amido
derivatives shown. Steps G".and H" of Scheme 49 may be carried out according to
the procedures described in Takahashi, K.; Shibasaki, K.; Ogura, K.; fida, H.; Chem.
Lett. 1983, 859; and Itoh, N.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1962,10, 55. Elaboration of the
intermediate to the amido compound of Formula I could be accomplished as
previously described for Steps I'- M' of Scheme 45.
Scheme 50 shows the preparation of azaindole oxalic acid derivatives. The
starting materials in Scheme 50 may be prepared according to Tetrahedron Lett.
1995, 36, 2389-2392. Steps A', B', C, and D' of Scheme 50 may be carried out
according to procedures described in Jones, R.A.; Pastor, J.; Siro, J.; Voro, T.N.;
Tetrahedron 1997, 53(2), 479-486; and Singh, S.K.; Dekhane, M.; Le Hyaric, M.;
Potier, P.; Dodd, RJL; Heterocycles 1997, 44(1), 379-391. Step E' of Scheme 50
could be carried out according to the procedures described in Suzuki, H.; Iwata, C.;
Sakurai, K.; Tokumoto, K.; Takahashi, H.; Hanada, M.; Yokoyama, Y.; Murakami,
Y.; Tetrahedron 1997, 53(5), 1593-1606; Suzuki, H.; Yokoyama, Y.; Miyagi, C;
Murakami, Y.; Cliem. Pharm. Bull 1991,39(8), 2170-2172; Hagen, T.J.; Narayanan,
K.; Names, J.; Cook, J.M.; J. Org. Chem. 1989,54, 2170; Murakami, Y.; Yokoyama,
Y.; Watanabe, T.; Aoki, C; et al.; Heterocydes 1987, 26, 875; and Hagen, T. I;
Cook, J.M.; Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29(20), 2421. Step F' of Scheme 50 shows the
conversion of the phenol to a fluoro, chloro or bromo derivative. Conversion of the
phenol to the fluoro derivative could be carried out according to procedures described
in Christe, KO.; Pavlath, A.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 3170; Murakami, Y.;
Aoyama, Y.; Nakanishi, S.; Chem. Lett. 1976, 857; Christe, K. O.; Pavlaih, A. R; /.
Org. Chem. 1965, 30, 4104; and Christe, K.O.; Pavlath, A.E.; /. Org. Chem. 1966,
31, 559. Conversion of the phenol to the chloro derivative could be carried out
according to procedures described in Wright, S.W.; Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1997, 29(1),
128-131; Hartmann, H,; Schulze, M.; Guenther, R.; DyesPigm 1991,16(2), 119-136;
Bay, E.; Bak, D. A.; Timony, P. E.; Leone-Bay, A.; J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 3415;
Hoffmann, H.; et al.; Chem. Ber. 1962, 95, 523; and Vanallan, J.A.; Reynolds, G.A.;
/. Org. Chem. 1963,28,1022. Conversion of the phenol to the bromo derivative may
be carried out according to procedures described in Katritzky, A.R.; Li, J.; Stevens,
C.V.; Ager, D.J.; Org. Prep. Proc. M. 1994, 26(4), 439-444; Judice, J.K.; Keipert,
SJ.; Cram, D.J.; J. Chem. Soc., Cfiern. Commun. 1993, 17, 1323-1325; Schaeffer,
J.P.; Higgins, J.; /. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 1607; Wiley, G.A.; Hershkowitz, R.L.;
Rein, R.M.; Chung, B.C.; /. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 964; and Tayaka, H.;
Akutagawa, S.; Noyori, R.; Org. Syn. 1988, 67,20.
Scheme 51 describes methods for the preparation of azaindole acetic acid
derivatives by the same methods employed for the preparation of azaindole oxalic
acid derivatives as shown and described in Scheme 50 above. The starling material
employed in Scheme 51 could be prepared according to J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64,
7788-7801. Steps A",B", C",D",andE" of Scheme 51 could be carried out in the
same fashion as previously described for Steps Steps A', B', C', D', and E' of
Scheme 50.
(Figure Removed)
The remaining schemes provide additional background, examples, and
conditions for carrying out this invention. Specific methods for preparing W and
modifying A are presented. As shown in Scheme 52, the azaindoles may be treated
with oxalyl chloride in either THF or ether to afford the desired glyoxyl chlorides
according to literature procedures (Lingens, R; Lange, J. Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem.
1970, 735,46-53). The intermediate glyoxyl chlorides may be coupled with benzoyl
piperazines (Desai, M.; Watthey, J.W. Org. Prep. Proc. Int. 1976, 8, 85-86) under
basic conditions to afford compounds of Formula I directly.
(Figure Removed)
Alternatively, Scheme 52 treatment of the azaindole-3-glyoxyl chloride,
(Scheme 52) with terf-butyl 1-piperazinecarboxylate affords the piperazine coupled
product It is apparent to one skilled in the art that use of an alternative Boc protected
piperazine which are synthesized as shown below would provide compounds of
formula I with alternative groups of formula W. As discussed earlier, other amine
protecting groups which do not require acidic deprotection conditions could be
utilized if desired. Deprotection of the Boc group is effected with 20% TFA/CH2C12
to yield the free piperazine. This product is then coupled with carboxylic acid in the
presence of polymer supported l-(3-Dimemylarnuiopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiiinide (PEDC)
to afford products of Formula L This sequence provides a general method for
synthesizing compounds of varied A in formula I.
An example for preparing compounds of Formula I which possess substituents
in A (or other parts of the molecule) which might interfere with the standard reaction
schemes reactions is shown in Scheme 53. The piperazine derivative (Scheme 53)
was treated with Boc-protected aminobenzoic acid in the presence of EDC to afford
the piperazine diamide. A portion of the resulting product was separated and
subjected to TFA in order to remove the Boc group, thus yielding amino derivatives.
Similarly, substituents which possess a reactive alcohol can be incorporated as
below. The piperazine derivative (Scheme 54) was treated with acetoxybenzoic acid
in the presence of EDC to afford the piperazine diamide derivative. A portion of the
resulting product was separated and subjected to LiOH hydrolysis in order to remove
the acetate group, thus yielding hydroxy derivatives.
Examples containing substituted piperazines are prepared using the general
procedures outlined in Schemes 55-38. Substituted piperazines are either
commercially available from Aldrich, Co. or prepared according to literature
procedures (Behun et al, Ref. 88(a), Scheme 31, eq. 01). Hydrogenation of alkyl
substituted pyrazines under 40 to 50 psi pressure in EtOH afforded substituted
piperazines. When the substituent was an ester or amide, the pyrazine systems could
be partially reduced to the tetrahydropyrazine (Rossen et al, Ref. 88(b), Scheme 55,
eq. 02). The carbonyl substituted piperazines could be obtained under the same
conditions described above by using commercially available dibenzyl piperazines
(Scheme 55, eq. 03).
(Figure Removed)
2-Trifluoromethylpiperazine (Jenneskens et al., Ref. 88c) was prepared
through a four step route (Scheme 56). Using Lewis acid TiCU, N,N'-
dibenzylethylenediamine reacted with trifluoropyruvates to afford the hemiacetal,
which was reduced at room temperature by EtaSiH in TFA to afford the lactam.
LiAlHt treatment then reduced the lactam to l,4-dibenzyl-2-
trifluoromethylpiperazine. Finally, hydrogenation of the dibenzyl-2-
trifluoromethylpiperazine in HOAc gave the desired product, 2-
trifluoromethylpiperazine.
Mono-benzoylation of symmetric substituted piperazines could be achieved
by using one of the following procedures (Scheme 57). (a) Treatment of a solution of
piperazine in acetic acid with acetyl chloride afforded the desired mon-benzoylated
piperazine (Desai et al. Ref. 27, Scheme 57, eq. 04). (b) Symmetric piperazines were
treated with 2 equivalents of ra-butyllithium, followed by the addition of benzoyl
chloride at room temperature (Wang et al, Ref. 89, Scheme 57, eq. 05).
Mono-benzoylation of unsymmetric substituted piperazines could be
achieved by using one of the following procedures (Scheme 57), in which all the
methods were exemplified by mono-alky! substituted piperazines. (a) Unsymmetric
piperazines were treated with 2 equivalents of n-butyllithium, followed by the
addition of benzoyl chloride at room temperature to afford a mixture of two
regioisomers, which could be separated by chromatography (Wang et al, Ref. 89 and
90(b), Scheme 58 eq. 06); (b) Benzoic acid was converted to its pentafluorophenyl
ester, and then further reaction with 2-aliylpiperazine to provide the monobenzoylpiperazines
with the benzoyl group at the less hindered nitrogen (Adamczyk
et al, Ref. 90(a), Scheme 58, eq. 07); (c) A mixture of piperazine and methyl benzoate
was treated with dialiylaluminum chloride in methylene chloride for 2-4 days to yield
the mono-benzoylpiperazine with the benzoyl group at the less hindered nitrogen
(Scheme 58 eq. 08); (d) Unsymmetric piperazines were treated with 2 equivalents of
n-butyllithium, followed by subsequent addition of triethylsilyl chloride and benzoyl
chloride in THF at room temperature to afford mono-benzoylpiperazines with the
benzoyl group at the more hindered nitrogen (Wang et al, Ref. 90(b), Scheme 58, eq.
09). When the substituent at position 2 was a ester or amide, the mono-benzoylation
with benzoyl chloride occurred at the less hindered nitrogen of the piperazine with
triethylamine as base in THF (Scheme 58, eq. 10).
(Figure Removed)
In the case of tetrahydropyrazines (Scheme 59, eq. 11), mono-benzoylation
occurred at the more hindered nitrogen under the same conditions as those in
equation 10 of Scheme 58, in the well precedented manner. (Rossen et al, Ref. 88(b)).
(Figure Removed)
Furthermore, the ester group can be selectively reduced by NaBHLt in the
presence of the benzamide (Masuzawa et al, Ref. 91), which is shown in Scheme 60.
(Figure Removed)
The ester groups on either the piperazine linkers or on the azaindole nucleus
could be hydrolyzed to the corresponding acid under basic conditions such as
(Scheme 61, eq. 13) or NaOMe (Scheme 61, eq. 14) as bases in MeOH and water.
(Figure Removed)
Reaction of an azaindole glyoxyl chloride with substituted benzoyl
piperazines or tetrahydropyrazines in CHjCla using I-Pr2Net as base afforded the
coupled products as shown in Scheme 62.
In the case of coupling reactions using 3-hydroxylmethyl-benzoylpiperazine,
the hydroxyl group was temporarily protected as its TMS ether with BSTFA (N,Obistrimethylsilyl)
trifluoroacetamide) (Furber et al, Ref. 92). The unprotected nitrogen
atom can then be reacted with glyoxyl chlorides to form the desired diamides. During
workup, the TMS masking group was removed to give free hydroxylmethylpiperazine
diamides as shown in Scheme 63.
Piperazine intermediates were prepared using standard chemistry as shown in
Scheme 64.
Scheme 65 depicts some more specific methodology for preparing 5-azindoles
for use in prpeartion of the claimed compounds. Some reductive cyclizations
conditions include Fe in acetic acid, Tin n chloride in aq HC1, or Zinc powder in
acetic acid. Hydrogenation condititons or other conditions used in LeimGruber-Batch
indole synthesis sequences can alo be employed.
Commercial
(Figure Removed)
Tautomers of nitrogen containing heterocycles are covered by this patent application.
For example, a hydroxy pyrazine is also known to represent its corresponding
tautomer as well as shown in Scheme 66.
also represents the other tautomer
Scheme 67-74 provides some nonlimiting methodology for the preparation of
substituted pyrazines which can be incorporated into substitaents of compounds of
claim 1, particularly as part of R4. It should be noted that the nomenclature in these
schemes does not coincide with that of the claims but rather shows examples of
methods which can be used to prepare pieces which make up the compounds of the
claims. Thus Rj and Rz in these schemes does not refer to the Rl and R2 in the
claims but for example refers to chemically compatible groups which might be
envisioned by chemists skilled in the art and which can be utilized to prepare
compounds of the claims.
(Figure Removed)
Throughout the chemistry discussion, chemical transformations which are well
known in the art have been discussed. The average practioner in the art knows these
transformations well and a comprehensive list of useful conditions for nearly all the
transformations is available to organic chemists and this list is contained in reference
52 authored by Larock and is incorporated in its entirety for the synthesis of
compounds of Formula L
Schemes 75-78 provide more specific examples of the general synthesis
described in Scheme 1. The examples describe the synthesis of compounds of the
invention in which the piperazine of group W contains a substituent on the ring at a
position next to the nitrogen which comprises part of the amide attached to group A.
While other substitution patterns are important aspects of the invention, we have
found that compounds with a single group adjacent to the amide attached to group A
may have metabolic stability advantages in humans and yet retain exceptional
antiviral properties. The specific substituted piperazines described in Schemes 75-78
may be prepared as described in reference 90(b) or as described for intermediates 17ad
in the experimental section. In schemes 75 and 76 the most preferred groups for Rg
and RH are C1-C6 alkyl groups. As shown in schemes 77 and 78 the most preferred
groups are methyl. As shown in schemes 75-78, the compounds may be single .
isomers or enantiomers or may be used as a racemic mixture or mixture of isomers.
Preferred groups A as shown in the schems 75-78 are the same as those described for
the invention. Most preferred groups A are 2-pyridyl or phenyl. hi Schemes 75 and
77, the most preferred groups for Ra are methoxy, halogen, or hydrogen. In schemes
75-76 the most preferred group for Rl and R3 is hydrogen, hi scheme 76 the most
preferred group for R2 is hydrogen. In schemes 75-78, the most preferred groups for
R4 are phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, -C(O)NH2, -
C(O)NHMe, or C(O)heteroaryl. Most preferred substituents on the substituted aryl or
heteroaryl are methyl, amino, halogen, C(O)NHMe, COOH, COOMe, COOEt, or
benzyl but this list should not be construed to be rate limiting as the R4 position is
extremely tolerant of broad substitution. Particular groups at R4 of definite
impotance are triazole, oxadiazole, oxazole, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrirnidine, tetrazole,
and phenyl but should not be construed as limiting159
(Figure Removed)
Schemes 79 provides examples and typical conditions for forming
intermediates 2 which contain an oxadiazole or substituted oxadiazole. These
intermediates can be converted to compounds of Claim 1 via the standard
methodology described in Scheme 1 and the rest of the application. An alternate
sequence is shown in Scheme 79a which utilizes cyano substituted intermediates 5 to
generate the oxadiazoles of claim 1. Specific examples are given in the experimental
section. Other oxadiazole isomers may be prepared via standard literature
methodology.
(Figure Removed)
Scheme 80 is a preferred method for making compounds of Formula I and la
where R2 is fluoro. This is exemplified specifically in the preparation of compound
Example 216. The synthesis of 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5-fluoropyridine 5-80 as shown
was carried out generally via the methods of A. Marfat and R.P. Robinson U.S.
Patent 5,811,432 (column 25, example 5) and Nesnow and Heidleberger (/.
Heterocyclic Chem. 1973, 10, pg 779) except that a number of procedural
enhancements were incorporated as noted in the description of each step. 2-Hydroxy
5-fluoropyridine 4-80 is also commercially available. The formation of diazonium
tetrafluoroborate salt 2-80 from 5-amino-2-methoxy pyridine 1-80 proceeded in
essentially quantitative yield and was isolated via filtration. The Schiemann reaction
provided poor yields of the desired 2-methoxy-fluoropyridine using the literature
conditions due mainly to significant contamination with 3-fiuoro l-(N)-methyl
pyridone and other byproducts. However, adoption of a procedure similar to that
described in Sanchez, J. P.; RogowsM, J. W.; J Heterocycl Chem 1987,24, 215 for a
related compound provided very high yields of essentially clean but volatile 2-
methoxy-5-fluoro pyridine 3-80 as a solution in toluene. In the interest of
expediency, demethylation was achieved on large scale using aqueous HQ in
pressure bottles at 140°C for Ihr. Prior to heating, the toluene solution was stirred
with the aq HC1 and then the toluene was removed by decantation. The literature
method for carrying out this step using HBr at 100°C was also successful on small
scale and had the advantage of avoiding the use of pressure bottles. Nitration of 4-80
as described by Marfat provided lower than expected yields so the procedure was
modified slightly, using guidance from A.G. Burton, P.J.Hallis, and A.R. Katritzky
(Tetrahedron Letters 1971, 24, 2211-2212) on the control of the regiochemistry of
nitration of pyridones via modulation of the acidity of the medium. The chemical
yields of 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5-fluoro pyridine 5-80 were significantly improved using
the procedure described hi the experimental section. Occasionally the product failed
to precipitate during workup and then considerable efforts were necessary to isolate
this highly water soluble compound from the aqueous layer. Using neat excess
POBrs, compound 5-80 was converted to 2-bromo-3-nitro-5-fluoro pyridine 6 which
could be used without further purification in the subsequent azaindole forming
reaction. Addition of the pyridine 6 to excess vinyl magnesium bromide in THF at
low temperature afforded the desired 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindol (precursor 5j) in
yields of up to 35% following acidic work up and isolation via crystallization. A
disadvantage of this method is the workup is difficult due to the large amounts of
salts formed as co-products in the reaction and the low conversion to albeit clean
product. The reaction is also exothermic and thus would require care on larger scales.
Despite the moderate yields, as mentioned above the reaction proceeds cleanly and
provides pure product precursor 5j without chromatography so it is anticipated that
more detailed studies of this chemistry could result in yield enhancements. A
selective copper/potassium carbonate mediated displacement of the 7-bromo group by
commercially available 1,2,3-triazole provided an approximately 1:1 mixture of
triazoles from which the desired 7-80 was isolated via chromatography in 25-35%
yields. Copper-bronze rather than copper powder can also be used to carry out similar
transfonnations. This reaction must not be allowed to overheat since concomitant
displacement of the fluorine is possible and has been observed. Acylation occurred
most efficiently under conditions that utilized excess acidic imidazolium chloro
aluminate ionic liquid to provide highly activated glyoxylating reagent (K.S. Yeung et
al. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002,43,5793). The acylation of 7-80 usually does not proceed
to completion and typically results in about 75% conversion as measured by LC/MS.
An advantage to these conditions is that the typical next step, ester hydrolysis,
proceeded in situ to provide the desired acid 8-80 which was isolated directly by
precipitation during workup. Coupling of the piperazine benzamide was found to be
cleaner and produced higher yields of the compound of Example 216 using the
depicted HATU based coupling than with other standard coupling reagents such as
EDCorDEPBT.
Additional preparations of starting materials and precursors are contained in
Wang et. al. U.S. Serial Number 09/912,710 filed July 25, 2001 (which is a
continuation-in-part of U.S. Serial Number 09/765,189 filed January 18, 2001,
abandoned, corresponding to PCT WO 01/62255) which is incorporated by reference.
Chemistry
All Liquid Chromatography (LC) data were recorded on a Shimadzu LC-
10AS liquid chromatograph using a SPD-10AV UV-Vis detector with Mass
Spectrometry (MS) data determined using a Micromass Platform for LC in
electrospray mode.
LC/MS Method (i.e.. compound identification)
Column A: YMC ODS-A S7 3.0x50 mm column
Column B: PHX-LUNA CIS 4.6x30 mm column
Column C: XTERRA ms Cl 8 4.6x30 mm column
Column D: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x30 mm column
Column E: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x33 mm column
Column F: YMC CIS S5 4.6x50 mm column
Column G: XTERRA C18 S7 3.0x50 mm column
Column H: YMC Cl 8 S5 4.6x33 mm column
Column I: YME ODS-A CIS S7 3.0x50 mm column
Column J: XTERRA C-18 S5 4.6x50mm column
Column K: YMC ODS-A CIS 4.6x33mm column
Column L: Xterra MS C18 5uM 4.6x30mm column
Column M: YMC ODS-A CIS S3 4.6x33mm column
Standard LC Run Conditions (used unless othenvise noted):
Gradient: 100% Solvent A / 0% Solvent B to 0% Solvent A /100%
Solvent B
Solvent A = 10% MeOH - 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, Solvent B = 90% MeOH - 10%
H2O - 0.1% TFA; and R,in min.
Gradient time: 2 minutes
Hold time 1 minute
Flow rate: 5 mL/min
Detector Wavelength: 220 nm
Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Alternate LC Run Conditions B:
Gradient: 100% Solvent A / 0% Solvent B to 0% Solvent A / 100%
Solvent B
169
Solvent A = 10% MeOH - 90% H20 - 0.1% TFA, Solvent B = 90% MeOH -10%
H2O - 0.1% TFA; and Rtin min.
Gradient time: 4 minutes
Hold time 1 minute
Flow rate: 4 mL/min
Detector Wavelength: 220 nm
Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Compounds purified by preparative HPLC were diluted in MeOH (1.2 mL)
and purified using the following methods on a Shimadzu LC-10A automated
preparative HPLC system or on a Shimadzu LC-8A automated preparative HPLC
system with detector (SPD-IOAV UV-VIS) wavelength and solvent systems (A and
B) the same as above.
Preparative HPLC Method (i.e.. compound purification)
Purification Method: Initial gradient (40% B, 60% A) ramp to final gradient
(100% B, 0% A) over 20 minutes, hold for 3 minutes (100% B, 0% A)
Solvent A: 10% MeOH / 90% H2O / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Solvent B: 10% H2O / 90% MeOH / 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid
Column: YMC CIS S5 20x100 mm column
Detector Wavelength: 220 nm
Typical Procedures and Characterization of Selected Examples:
Preparation of Precursors:
4-Methoxyphenylboronic acid (24.54 g), 4-chloro-3-nitropyridine
hydrochloride (26.24 g), Pd(Ph3P)4 (4 g) and K2CO3 (111 g) were combined in DME
(500 mL). The reaction was heated to reflux for 10 hours. After the mixture cooled
down to room temperature, it was poured into saturated aqueous NHtOAc (500 mL
)solution. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 200 mL). The
combined extract was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using silica
gel chromatography (10% to 30% EtOAc / PE) to afford 10.6 g of Precursor 1, 3-
Nitro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2HnN2O3: 231.08;
found 231.02. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column B).
(Figure Removed)
2-methoxy-5-bromo pyridine can be purchased from Aldrich (or others) or prepared.
Oxidation with l.leq of MCPBA in dichloromethane (20ml per 10.6 mmol bromide)
in the presence of anhydrous MgSO4 (0.4g per mL dichloromethane) with stirring
from 0° to ambient temperature for approximately 14 h provided the N-oxide after
workup and flash chromatographic purification over silica gel using a 5%
Etoac/Hexane gradient of increasing EtOAc. The N-oxide (1.6g) was dissolved in
lOmL 98% sulfuric acid and cooled to 0°. 10 mL of 69% nitric acid was added and
then allowed to warm to ambient temp with stirring. The reaction was then heated
and stirred at 80° C for 14h and then poured over ice , extracted with
dichloromethane, washed with water, and concentrated to give a yellow solid which
was purified by flash chromatography over Silica gel using IrlEtOAc/hexane and
then a gradient to provide a yellow crystalline solid:). JH NMR (CDC13) 8 8.50
(s,!H), 7.59 (s,lH), 4.12 (3H, s). LC MS showed desired M+H. The N-oxide was
reduced by dissolving the startingmaterial in dichloromethane (0.147M substrate) and
cooling to 0°. A solution of 1.2 eq PQa (0.44M) in dicloromethane was added
slowly to keep the reaction at 0°. Warm to ambient temp and stir for 72h. Aqueous
workup and concentration provided a yellow solid which could be used in subsequent
reactions or purified by chromatography. Note: a similar sequence could be used
with 2-methoxy-5-chloro-pyridine as starting material.
Precursor 2a
Typical procedure for preparing azaindole from nitropyridine: Preparation of
7-chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2a, is an example of Step A of Scheme 1. 2-chloro-
3-nitropyridine (5.0g, 31.5mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (200 mL). After the
solution was cooled to -78 °C, vinyl magnesium bromide (l.OM in THF, 100 mL)
was added dropwise. The reaction temperature was maintained at -78°C for 1 h, and
then at -20 °C for another 12 h before it was quenched by addition of 20% NHiCl
aqueous solution (150 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 150
mL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSCU , filtered and the filtrate
was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel column
chromatography (EtOAc / Hexane, 1 / 10) to afford 1.5g (31%) of 7-chloro-6-
azaindole, Precursor 2a. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 7.84 (d, 1H, J = 10.7 Hz),
7.55 (dd, 1H, / = 10.9, 5.45 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, / = 5.54 Hz), 4.89 (s, 1H). MS m/z:
(M+H)+ calcd for C7H6C1N2: 153.02; found 152.93. HPLC retention time: 0.43
minutes (column A).
Precursor 2b, 7-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindole, was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 20 starting from 3-Nitro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridine,
Precursor 1. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci4Hi3N2O: 225.10; found 225.02. HPLC
retention time: 1.39 minutes (column B).
Precursor 2c
Precursor 2c, 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-bromo-pyridine
(available from Aldrich, Co.). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H3BrClN2:
230.93; found 231.15. HPLC retention time: 1.62 minutes (column B).
Precursor 2d
Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindole (above), was prepared according
to the following scheme:
Step A
A) fuming HNO3, H2SO4;
B)POCl3/DMF,110°C;
C) vinylmagnesium bromide, THF, -78°C - -20°C
It should be noted that 2-chloro-5-fluoro-3-nitro pyridine, zz3', may be
prepared by the method in example 5B of the reference Marfat, A.; and Robinson, R.
P. ; "Azaoxindole Derivatives" US. Patent 5,811,432 1998. The preparation below
provides some details which enhance the yields of this route.
In Step A, compound zzl' (1.2 g, 0.01 mol) was dissolved in sulfuric acid (2.7
mL) at room temperature. Premixed faming nitric acid (1 mL) and sulfuric acid was
added dropwise at 5-10 °C to the solution of compound zzl'. The reaction mixture
was then heated at 85 °C for 1 hour, then was cooled to room temperature and poured
into ice (20 g). The yellow solid precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with
water and air dried to provide 1.01 g of compound zz2'.
In Step B, compound zz2' (500 mg, 3.16 mmol) was dissolved in
phosphorous oxychloride (1.7 mL, 18.9 mmol) and dimethoxyethane at room
temperature. The reaction was heated to 110 °C for 5 hours. The excess
phosphorous oxycMoride was then removed by concentrating the reaction mixture in
vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel, eluted with chloroform
(100%) to afford 176 mg of product zz3'.
In Step C, compound zz3' (140 mg, 0.79 mmol) was dissolved in THF (5 mL)
and cooled to —78 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. To this solution was added
dropwise a solution of vinyl magnesium bromide (1.2 mtnol, 1.0 M in diethyl ether,
1.2 mL). The reaction mixture was then kept at -20 °C for 15 hours. The reaction
mixture was then quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, and extracted with
ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over
magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue
was chromatographed on silica to provide 130 mg of precursor 2d H NMR (500
MHz, CD3OD) S 7.78 (s, IH), 7.60 (d, IH, J = 3.0 Hz), 6.71 (d, IH, / = 3.05 Hz). MS
mfz: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H5C1FN2: 171.10; found 171.00. HPLC retention time: 1.22
minutes (column A).
Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-3-nitro-5-fluoro-pyriduie which was
prepared according to the procedure above. Experimental details for this preparation
are contained in Wang et. al. PCT WO 01/62255. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8
7.78 (s, IH), 7.60 (d, IH, / = 3.0 Hz), 6.71 (d, IH, J = 3.05 Hz). MS mfz: (M+H)+
calcd for C7H5CIFN2: 171.10; found 171.00. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes
(column A).
Precursor 2e was prepared by either Method A or Method B, below:
Method A: A mixture of 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole (1 g), Cul (0.65 g)
and NaOMe (4 mL, 25% in methanol) in MeOH (16 mL) was heated at 110 - 120 °C
for 16 hours hi a sealed tube. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture
was neutralized with IN HC1 to pH 7. The aqueous solution was extracted with
EtOAc (3 x 30 mL). Then the combined organic layer was dried over MgSO4,
filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to afford a residue, which was
purified by using silica gel chromotography to give 0.3 g of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-
azaindole, Precursor 2e. MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C8H8C1N2O: 183.03; found
183.09. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes (column B).
Method B :A mixture of 4-bromo-7-chloro-6-azaindole (6 g), CuBr (3.7 g)
and NaOMe (30 mL, 5% in MeOH) was heated at 110°C for 24 hours hi a sealed
tube. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was added to saturated
aqueous NEUCl. The resulting aqueous solution was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 30
mL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSO, , filtered and the filtrate was
concentrated in vacua to afford a residue, which was purified by using silica gel
chromotography to give 1.8 g of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2e.
Precursor 2f
Precursor 2f, 7-bromo-6-azaindole was prepared by the same method as
Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Bromo-3-rn'tro-pyridine (available from Aldrich, Co.).
MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C7H6BrN2: 197.97; found 197.01. HPLC retention time:
0.50 minutes (column A).
Precursor 2g
Precursor 2g, 7-chloro-4-azaindole was prepared by the same method as
Precursor 2a, starting from 4-Chloro-3-nitro-pyridine (HCI salt, available from Austin
Chemical Company, Inc.). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for C7H6C1N2: 153.02; found
152.90. HPLC retention time: 0.45 minutes (column A).
Precursor 2h
Precursor 2h, 5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindole was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 2a, starting from 2-Chloro-4-methyl-5-nitro-pyridine (available
from Aldrich, Co.). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CgH8ClN2: 167.04; found 166.99.
HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column B).
Precursor 2i
Precursor 2i, 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole, was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 2e, using POBr3 in the step B instead of POC13. MS m/z:
(M+H)+ calcd for C7H5BrEN2: 214.96; found 214.97. HPLC retention time: 1.28
minutes (column G).
Precursor 21
To a mixture of 5-bromo-2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (10 g, 42 nxmol) in 1,4-dioxane
(100 ml) was added pyrazole (5.8 g, 85 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at
120°C for 26.5 h., and then evaporated after cooling to r.t. The crude material was
purified by flash chromatography (0 to 5% EtOAc/Hexanes) to give the desired
product 5-Bromo-3-nitro-2-pyrazol-l-yl-pyridine. H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.77 (s,
1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 6.57 (s, 1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+= 269,271, HPLC Rt = 1.223.
To a 250 mL roimd bottom flask was charged 5-Bromo-3-nitro-2-pyrazol-l-ylpyridine(
1.02g, 3.8 mmol) and THF (30 ml). The mixture was then cooled to -
78°C, and added a THF solution of vinylmagnesium bromide (23 mL, 18.4 mmol, 0.8
M). After three minutes, the reaction mixture was wanned to -45°C and remained
stirring for 1 h. The reaction was then quenched with ammonium chloride, and the
resulting mixture extracted with EtOAc. The combined extracts were evaporated in
vacua, and the residue purified by flash column chromatography (5%
EtOAc/Hexanes) to give compound 2 (which by HPLC contained about 50% of a side
product, presumably 3-vinylamino of compound 1) ; XH NMR: (CDCls) 5 10.75 (b s,
1H), 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.53 (s, 1H);
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 262,264; HPLC Rt = 1.670.
Precursor 2k
To a solution of 2-bromo-5-chloro-3-nitropyridine 5 (20 g, 84 nunol, prepared in 2
steps from 2-amino-5-chloropyridine as described in WO9622990) in THF (300 ml)
at -78°C was charged a THF solution of vinylmagnesium bromide (280 ml, 252
mmol, 0.9 M). The resulting mixture was stirred at —78°C for one hour, followed by
quenching with aqueous ammonium chloride (500 ml, sat.) and extracted with EtOAc
(5 x 500 ml). The combined organic extracts were washed with aqueous ammonium
chloride (2 x 500 ml, sat) and water (3 x 500 ml), dried (MgSO/O and evaporated to
give a brownish residue. The crude material was triturated with CEfeCla, and the
solid formed filtered to give compound 6 as a yellow solid (8.0 g, 41%); 1H NMR:
(DMSO-4s) 12.30 (b s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, / = 3.0,1H), 6.71 (d, J = 3.0,1H);
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 231,233,235; HPLC Rt = 1.833.
Precursor 2m
4-Huoro-7-Bromo-6-azaindole (500 mg, 1.74 mmol) was dissolved in THF (5ml) and
cooled to -78°C and n-BuLi (2.5 M, 2.1 ml) was added dropwise. The reaction
mixture was stirred at -78°C for 15 min, then stirred at 0°C for 30 min. The reation
was cooled to -78°C again, and DMF(0.7 ml, 8.7mmol) was added. After stirring for
30 min, water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction mixture was extracted
with ethylacetate. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered, concentrated
and chromatographied to afford 208 mg of precursor 2m. LC/MS: (ES*) m/z (M+H)*
= 164.98. Rt = 0.44 min.
A mixture of precursor 2m (50 mg, 0.30 mmol), potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.30
mmol) and tosylmethyl isocyanide (60 mg,0.30 mmol) in MeOH(3ml) was heated to
reflux for about 2 hr. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was
treated with ice water and extracted with ether. The organic layer was washed with
an aqueous solution of HC1 (2%), water and dried over magnesium sulfate. After
filtration and evaporation of the solvent, the residue was purified on silica to afford
the title compound (60mg).LCMS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)4 = 204. Rt = 0.77 min.
Precursor 2o
4-Fluoro-7-Bromo-6-azaindole (510 mg, 2.39 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (5 mL) was
treated with copper cyanide (430 mg, 4.8 mmol) at 150°C in a seal tube for Ih. An
aqueous solution of NHjOH (10 mL) was added and the reaction was extracted with
diethylether (2 x 50 mL) and ethylacetate (2 x 50 mL). The organic phases were
combined and dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated in vacuum and
chromatographied on silica gel (gradient elution AcOEt/Hexanes 0-30%) to afford the
title compound as a brownish solid (255 mg, 66%) LC/MS: (ES*) m/z (M+H)"1" = 162.
Precursor 2o (82 mg, 0.51 mmol) was dissolved in absolute ethanol (200% proof, 5
mL) and treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (53 mg, 0.76 mmol) and
triethylamine (140 uL, 1.0 mmol) and the reaction mixture was heated up at 80°C hi a
seal tube for 2h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the pale yellow solid
residue was washed with water to afford the title compound. LCYMS: (ES" m/z
(M+H)+ = 195. This compound was taken to the next step without further
purification.
Precursor 2q
Precursor 2p was dissolved in trimethylorthoformate (1 mL) and heated at 85°C in a
seal tube for Ih, then it was cooled to rt, the solvent was removed in vacuum and the
residue was chromatographied on silica gel (AcOEt/Hexanes, gradient elution 10-
60%) to afford the title compound (54 mg, LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =205).
Precursor 2q (100 mg, 0.62 mmol, crude) in ethanol (5 mL) was treated with an
aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (50%, 2 mL) and the reaction mixture was
heated at 110°C overnight in a seal tube. The pH was adjusted to 2 with HC1 (6N)
and a brown precipitate was filtered off. The solution was concentrated to dryness to
afford the title compound as a pale yellow solid LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)4" =181.
This compound was used without further purification.
Precursor 2s
Precursor 2r (0.62 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with 3-
aminopyridine (58.3 mg, 0.62 mmol), DEBT (185 mg, 0.62) and Hunig's base (216
}JL, 1.26 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18h.
Water was added and the reaction was extracted with AcOEt (2 x 25 mL) and CHCls
(2 x 25 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated and chromatographied on silica
gel (AcOEt/Hexanes gradient elution 0-50%) to afford the title compound as a
brownish solid LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)+ =257.
Precursor 2h, 4-methoxy-7-bromo-5-azaindole was prepared by the same method as
Precursor 2a, starting from 2-methoxy-5-bromo-4-nitro-pyridine (precursor la). 1H
NMR (CDC13) 8 8.52 (s,lH), 7.84 (s,lH), 7.12 (t, 1H), 6.68 (d, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H). LC
MS showed desired M+H.
A mixture of aldehyde precursor 2m (150 mg, 0.91 mmol), sodium cyanide (44mg,
0.091mmol) and tosylmethyl isocyanide (177 mg, 0.91 mmol) in EtOH(3ml) was
stirred at room temperature for SOmin, then filtered and the crystals were washed with
ether-hexane (1:1) and dried. The obtained crystals, and a saturated solution of
ammonia in dry methanol (8ml) were heated between 100-110°C for 16hr. The
mixture was concentrated and chromatographed to provide 20mg of precursor 2.
LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 203. Rt = 0.64 min.
Precursor 3a
Typical procedure for acylation ofazaindole: Preparation of Methyl (7-chloro-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3a is an example of Step B of Scheme 1. 7-
Chloro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2a (0.5 g, 3.3 mmol) was added to a suspension of
A1C13 (2.2 g, 16.3 mmol) in CH2C12 (100 mL). Stirring was continued at rt for 10
minutes before methyl chlorooxoacetate (2.0 g, 16.3 mmol) was added dropwise.
The reaction was stirred for 8 h. The reaction was quenched with iced aqueous
NBUOAc solution (10%, 200 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2C12 (3
x lOOmL). The combined organic layer was dried over MgSC4, filtered and the
filtrate was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was carried to the next step
without further purification. Precursor 2, Methyl (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetate: MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci0H8ClN2O3: 239.02; found 238.97. HPLC
retention time: 1.07 minutes (column A).
Precursor 3b
Precursor 3b, Methyl (6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, was prepared by the same
method as Precursor 3a, starling from 6-azaindole. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for
CioH9N2O3: 205.06; found 205.14. HPLC retention time: 0.49 minutes (column A).
Precursor 3c, Methyl (7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting frpm 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-
azaindole (Precursor 2b). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for Ci7Hi5N2O4: 311.10; found
311.04. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A).
Precursor 3d
(Figure Removed)
Precursor 3d, methyl (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2e, 4-methoxy-
7-chloro-6-azaindole. MS rn/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2Hi2ClN2O4: 283.05; found
283.22. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column B).
Precursor 3e
Precursor 3e, Methyl (7-chloro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a starting from Precursor 2d, 4-fluoro-7-
chloro-6-azaindole. . H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 3.95
(s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for doHyClKJA,: 257.01; found 257.00. HPLC
retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
Precursor 3f
Precursor 3f, Methyl (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared by
the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2g, 7-chloro-4-azaindole.
MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CioHgCU^Oa: 239.02; found 238.97. HPLC retention
time: 0.60 minutes (column A).
Precursor 3g
(Figure Removed)
Precursor 3g, Methyl (5-cMoro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 3a, starting from Precursor 2h, 5-chloro-7-
methyl-4-azaindole. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for CnHi0ClN2O3: 253.04; found 252.97.
HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column B).
Precursor 4a
Typical procedure of hydrolysis of ester: Preparation of Potassium (7-chloro-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4a, is an example of Step C of Scheme 1.
Crude methyl (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3a, and an excess of
K2C03 (2 g) were dissolved in MeOH (20 mL) and H20 (20 mL). After 8 h, the
solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel column
chromatography to provide 200 mg of Potassium (7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetate. MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid was observed. Calc'd for
CgHeClNaOa : 225.01; found 225.05. HPLC retention time: 0.83 minutes (column
A).
Potassium (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4b, was prepared by the
same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate;
Precursor 3b. MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid was observed. Calc'd for
C9H7N2O3: 191.05; Found 190.99. HPLC retention time: 0.12 minutes (column A).
Precursor 4c
Precursor 4c, Potassium (7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate,
was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-(4-
methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3c. MS m/z: (M-K+H)+ calcd
for Ci6Hi3N2O4: 297.07; found 297.04. HPLC retention time: 1.00 minutes (column
A).
Precursor 4d
Precursor 4d, Potassium (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate
was prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a starting from Methyl (7-chloro-4-
methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3d. MS m/z: (M+H) of the
corresponding acid of compound 4d (M-K+H)4' C: 255.02;
found 255.07. HPLC retention time: 0.74 minutes (column A).
Precursor 4e
Precursor 4e, Potassium (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared
by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetate, Precursor 3f. MS mlz: (M+H)+ of the corresponding acid of compound
4e (M-K+H)+calcd for C9H6C1N2O3: 225.01; found 225.27. HPLC retention
time: 0.33 minutes (column A).
Precursor 4f
Precursor 4f, Potassium (5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starling from Methyl (5-chloro-7-
methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 3g. MS. mlz: (M+H)+ of the
corresponding acid of compound 4f (M-K+H)+ calcd for CioHgClNaOa: 239.02;
found 238.94. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column B).
Precursor 4g
Precursor 4g, Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was prepared
by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetate (prepared according to the method of Precursor 3a from 7-Bromo-6-
azaindole, Precursor 2f). !H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 8.59 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H,
J = 5.3 Hz), 8.08 (d, 1H, J = 5.45 Hz); 13C NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 180.5,
164.0,141.6,140.4,132.4,125.3,115.5,113.0.
Precursor 4h
Precursor 4h, Potassium (7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 4a, starting from Methyl (7-bromo-4-
fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate (prepared according to the method of Precursor 3a
from 7-Bromo-4-fiuoro-6-azaindole, Precursor 2i). MS m/z: (M+H)+ of the
corresponding acid of compound 4g (M-K+H)+ calcd for CpHsBrFNzOa: 286.95;
found 286.94. HPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column A).
Precursor 4i
l-ethyl-3-methylimidazoh'um chloride (0.172 g, 1.1 mmol) was added to aluminum
chloride (0.560 g, 4.2 mmol), and the mixture vigorously stirred. Upon formation of
a liquid, precursor 2j was added, followed by ethyl chlorooxoacetate (0.12 ml, 1.1
mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at r.t. for 16 h, after which additional
chlorooxoacetate was added (0.12 ml, 1.1 mmol). Following this addition, the
reaction was allowed to stir at r.t. for another 24 h. The flask was cooled to 0°C and
water added, upon which precipitates were formed. The solid material was filtered,
washed with water and methanol, and dried under high vacuum to give compound 3;
LOMS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 334, 336; HPLC Rt = 1.390.
(Figure Removed)
To l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (2.54 g, 17.3 mmol) was added aluminum
chloride (6.91 g, 51.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred vigorously at ambient
temperature for ten minutes. To the resulting yellow liquid was added precursor 2k
(2.0 g, 8.64 mmol) and ethyl chlorooxoacetate (2.0 ml, 17.3 mmol), and was stirred at
ambient temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then added ice/water (300
ml) to give precipitates, which were filtered and washed with water to give the title
compound as a yellow solid (1.98 g). The aqueous solution was extracted with
EtOAc (3 x 300 ml), and the extracts evaporated in vacua to give a second batch of
compound 8 as a yellow solid (439 mg, total yield 92%); H NMR: (DMSO-)
14.25 (b s, 1H), 13.37 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+
= 303,305, 307; HPLC Rt = 1.360.
Precursor 4k
l-Ethyl-3-methyumidazoh'um chloride (82mg, 0.56 mmol) was added to a flask
which contained precursor 2n (56 mg, 0.28 mmol) and the mixture was cooled to
0°C. Aluminum chloride (336 mg, 2.52 mmol) was added in one portion followed by
CICOCOOEt (58 pL, 0.56 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room
temperature for 2 days. Ice water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction
mixture was filtered. The solid was washed with water and diethylether and dried in
air to afford the title compound (58mg). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)4' = 276. Rt = 0.85
min.
Precursor 4m
l-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (73mg, 0.52 mmol) and aluminum chloride
(198 mg, 1.56 mmol) were stirred together under nitrogen for Ih. To this solution
was added intemediate 2q (54 mg, 0.26 mmol) and ethyloxalylchloride (58 pL, 0.52
mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 18h. The reaction was quenched
with water and the mixture was stirred for 15 min. The solid was collected by
filtration and washed with water and diethylether. LC/MS (ES"1") m/z (M+H)+ =276.
This compound was used without further purification.
Precursor 4n
l-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (26mg, 0.18 mmol) was added to a flask
which contained precursor 2t (18 mg, 0.09 mmol) and the mixture was cooled to 0°C.
Aluminum chloride (92 mg, 0.54rrunol) was added in one portion followed by
CICOCOOEt (20|iL, 0.18 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room
temperature for 2 days. Ice water was added to quench the reaction. The reaction
mixture was filtered. The solid was washed with water and diethylether and dried in
air to afford compound D (18mg). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 275. Rt = 0.49 min.
Precursor 5a
Typical procedure for coupling piperazine derivative andazaindole acid:
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 5, is an example of Step D of Scheme 1. Potassium
7-chloro-6-azaindole 3-glyoxylate, Precursor 4a, (100 mg, 0.44 rmnol), 3-f-methyl-
1-benzoylpiperazine (107 mg, 0.44 mol), 3-(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-1,2,3-
benzotriazin-4(3)-one (DEPBT) (101 mg, 0.44 mol) and Hunig's Base
(diisopropylethylamine, 0.5 mL) were combined in 5 mL of DMF. The mixture was
stirred at rt for 8 h. DMF was removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the
residue was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give
l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine(70
mg, 39%). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2oClN4O3: 411.12; Found 411.06.
HPLC retention time: 1.32 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5b
Precursor 5b, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yI)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (7-chloro-4-inethoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and 1-
benzoylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" calcd for C2iH2oClN4O4:427.12; found 427.12.
HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5c
Precursor 5c, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-cMoro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting
from Potassium (7-chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and
1-benzoylpiperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 6 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.40
(s, 5H), 3.89 (s, 3HJ, 3.71 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+
441.13; found 441.17. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5d
Precursor 5d, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from
Potassium (7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4e, and l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
methyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2iH2oClN4O3 411.12, found 411.04.
HPLC retention time: 1.10 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5e
Precursor 5e, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from
Potassium (5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetate, Precursor 4f, and 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H22C1N4O3 425.24,
found 425.04. HPLC retention time: 1.72 minutes (column B).
Precursor 5f
Precursor 5f, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from
(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4g, and 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2iH2oBrN403:455.07;
found 455.14. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column B).
Precursor 5g
Precursor 5g, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from (7-bromo-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4g, and 1-benzoylpiperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C2oHi8BrN4O3:441.06; found 441.07. HPLC retention
time: 1.43 minutes (column B).
Precursor 5h
Precursor 5h, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4b, and l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
methylpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2iN4O3: 377.16; Found 377.10.
HPLC retention time: 0.88 minutes (column A).
Addition of precursor 2d to a solution of aluminum trichloride in
dichloromethane stirring at ambient temperature followed 30 minutes later with
chloromethyl or chloroethyl oxalate (according to the method described for precursor
3a) provides either the methyl or ethyl ester, respectively. Hydrolysis with KOH (as
in the standard hydrolysis procedure described for precursor 4a) provided potassium
(7-chloro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate. Potassium (7-chloro-4-fluoro-6-
azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate was then reacted with 1-benzoyl piperazine in the presence
of DEPBT under the standard conditions (as described for precursor 5a) to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, precursor 5i.]
H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 6 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.46 (bs, 5H), 3.80-3.50 (m,
8H); LC/MS (ES*) m/z (M+H)* 415 observed; retention time 1.247 minutes; LC/MS
method: YMC ODS-A C18 S7 3.0 x 50 mm column; Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100,
Gradient time = 2 minutes; Flow rate = 5 mlVmin; detector wavelength = 220 nm.
Precursor 51
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-
piperazine was prepared by coupling potassium (7-cMoro-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-
yl)oxoacetate, prepared as described above for precursor 5i, with l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
methylpiperazine in the presence of DEPBT under the standard conditions (as
described for precursor 5a) to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-chloro-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl] piperazine, precursor 5j.l H NMR (500 MHz, CDsOD) 8
8.42, 8.37 (s, s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.71-7.45 (m, 5H), 4.72-3.05 (m, 7H), 1.45-1.28
(m, 3H); LC/MS (HS*) m/z (M+H)+ 429 observed; retention time 1.297 minutes;
LC/MS method: YMC ODS-A CIS S7 3.0 x 50 mm column; Start %B = 0, Final %B
= 100, Gradient time = 2 minutes; Flow rate = 5 mL/min; detector wavelength = 220
nm.
Precursor 5k
Precursor 5k, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yi)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a, starting from (7-chloro-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetic acid potassium salt, Precursor 4a, and 1-benzoylpiperazine. MS m/z:
(M+H)+ calcd for C^igClN^: 397.1 1 ; found 396.97. HPLC retention time: 2.37
minutes (column F, gradient time = 3 min, flow rate = 4 ml/min).
Precursor 51
Precursor 51, l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4d, and
picolinoyl-piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-dg) 88.63 - 7.45 (m, 7 H), 3.94 (s,
3H), 3.82 - 2.50 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C20Hi9CIN5O4:428.11; Found
428.11. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5m
Precursor 5m, (R)-l-picolinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4g, and (R)-3-methyl-lpicolinoyl-
piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2oHi9BrN5O3: 456.07; Found
456.11. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5n
Precursor 5n, (S)-l-picoIinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (7-bromo-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4g, and (S)-3-methyl-lpicolinoyl-
piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 58.63 - 7.36 (m, 7H), 5.02 - 3.06
(m, 7H), 1.42 - 1.26 (m, 3H).
Precursor So
Precursor 5o, (R)-l-picolinoyl-3- methyl-4-[(7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine was prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from
Potassium (7-bromo-4-fluoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4h, and (R)-3-
methyl-1-picolinoyl-piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.68 - 7.52 (m, 6H),
4.94 - 2.69 (m, 7H), 1.48 -1.24 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C2oHi8BrFN5O3:474.06; Found 474.23. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column
A).
Precursor 5p
Precursor 5p, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-chloro-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was
prepared by the same method as Precursor 5a starting from Potassium (7-chloro-4-
fluoro-4-azaindol-3-yl)oxoacetate, Precursor 4e, and 1-benzoyl-piperazine. H NMR
(500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.83 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H, J = 5.35 Hz), 7.91 (d, 1H, J = 5.75
Hz), 7.47 (m, 5H), 3.80 - 3.30 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
397.11; Found 397.02. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A).
Precursor 5q, l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-bronio-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-
yl)-ethane-1,2-dione
To a solution of acid precursor 4j (2.4 g, 7.9 mmol) in DMF (40 ml) was added 3-
(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3fl)-one (DEPBT, 5.96 g, 19.9 mmol),
benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (2.71 g, 11.9 mmol), andN,Ndiisopropylethylamine
(14 ml, 80.4 mmol). The mixture was stirred at ambient
temperature for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then added water (400 ml) and
extracted with EtOAc (4 x 300 ml). The combined extracts were evaporated in vocuo
to give a brownish residue, which was triturated with MeOH to provide the tide
compound as a white solid (2.8 g, 74%); JH NMR: (DMSO-de) 13.41 (s, 1H), 8.48
(s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.45 (b s, 5H), 3.80-3.35 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+= 475, 477,479; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.953.
Precursor 5r
Precursor 5r was prepared by procedure used for 5q using mono N-Boc piperazine .
*H NMR: (CDC13) 6 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 3.71 (b s, 2H), 3.53 (b m, 6H), 1.48
(s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+) ro/z (M+H)+ = 471,473, 475; HPLC (alternate conditions B,
column G)Rt= 1.543.

Precursor 5s was prepared by procedure used for 5b using mono N-Boc
piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CuKbtCmA.: 423.14; Found 423.07 HPLC
retention time: 1.44 minutes (column L).
Precursor 5t
Precursor 5t, was prepared from Precursor 5s and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane,
via the procedure described in the later section Preparation of Compounds of
Formtda I. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHiyNeOs: 467.20; found 467.47. HPLC
retention time: 1.57 minutes (column C).
Precursor 5u
Preparation of precursor 5u: Precursor 5t (30 mg) was dissolved in TFA
(0.5 g). After the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes, the mixture was concentrated in
vacua to give the desired intermediae 5u which was used in further reactions without
any purification. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for QsHigNeOs: 367.15; found 367.06.
HPLC retention time: 0.91 minutes (column M).
Precursor 5v
Precursor 5v was prepared by procedure used for 5b using 2-methyl-lpicolinoylpiperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C2iH21ClN5O4: 442.13; Found
442.11. HPLC retention time: 1.01 minutes (column G).
Precursor 5xa
203
Precursor 5xa was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lpicolinoylpiperazine.
MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH2iClN5O4:442.13; Found
442.23. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column L).
Precursor 5y
Precursor 5y was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lnicotinoylpiperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH21CIN5O4:442.13; Found
442.15. HPLC retention time: 0.87 minutes (column C).
Precursor 5z
Precursor 5z was prepared by procedure used for 5b using (R)-2-methyl-lbenzoylpiperazine.
MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C22H22C1N4O4:441.13; Found
441.46. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column C).
Precursor 6
Typical procedure for N-Oxide formation: Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6. 20 mg of 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-azauidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazijie, Precursor 5h, (0.053
mmol) was dissolved in CH2C12 (2 mL). 18 mg of mCPBA (0.11 mmol) was then
added into the solution and the reaction was stirred for 12 h at rt. CEfeCLj was
removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the residue was purified using a
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give the compound shown above
(5.4 mg, 26%). MS wz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CziHaiN^: 393.16; Found 393.11.
HPLC retention time: 0.90 minutes (column A).
Precursor 7
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetylj-piperazine or l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-methyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]-piperazine. An excess of MeMgl (3M in THF, 0.21 ml, 0.63 mmol) was
added into a solution of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6, (25 mg, 0.064 mmol). The reaction mixture was
stirred at rt and then quenched with MeOH. The solvents were removed under
vacuum, the residue was diluted with MeOH and purified using a Shimadzu
automated preparative HPLC System to give a compound shown above which was a
single isomer but regiochemistry was not definitively assigned. (6.7 mg, 27%). MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^H^TOs: 391.18; Found 391.17. HPLC retention time:
1.35 minutes (column B).
Precursors
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-phenyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
or l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-phenyl-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
(regiochemistry was not definitively assigned) were prepared by the method described
for Example 7 starting with l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(6-oxide-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 6, and phenyl magnesium bromide (phenyl Grignard
reagent). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H25N4O3:453.19; Found 454.20. HPLC
retention time: 1.46 minutes (column B).
Precursor 9
A mixture of Pd (10% on carbon, 100 nag), trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) and 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine,
Precursor 5e (1.5 g) in MeOH (50 mL) and EtOAc (50 mL) was shaken in a Parr
reactor under a hydrogen atmosphere (45 psi) for 48 hours. After solids were
removed via filtration, the filtrate was concentrated in vacua to afford precursor 9 (1
206
g) which was used without further purification. MS mlz: (M+H)* calcd for
C2iH2iN4O3 391.18, found 391.15. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A).
Precursors 10 and 11
Preparation of Precursor 10, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-carbonyl-
4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine and Precursor 11, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-
[(5-chloro-7-hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine: A mixture of
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-methyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
(1.78 g) and Se02 (4.7 g) in dioxane/water (100:1) was refluxed for 10 hours. After
cooling to room temperature, the mixture was concentrated in vacua to provide a
residue. The residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography with EtOAc
and MeOH as eluting solvents to afford precursor 10 (350 rag) and precursor 11 (410
nig).
Precursor 10, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oClN404: 439.12, found
439.01. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A); Precursor 11, l-benzoyl-3-
(R)-memyl4-[(5 MS mlz: (M+H)+ calcd for C-aHaoClN^s: 455.11, found 455.10. HPLC retention
time: 1.44 minutes (column A).
Precursors 12 and 13
Precursor 12, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]-piperazine and Precursor 13, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-
hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine were made according to the
same procedure of preparing Precursors 10 and 11, by using Precursor 9 as a stalling
material. Precursor 12, l-benzoyl-3-CR)-methyl-4-[(7-carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2iN4O4:405.16, found 405.14.
HPLC retention time: 0.91 minutes (column A); Precursor 13, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
methyl-4-[(7-hydroxycarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-piperazine: MS m/z:
(M+H)+calcd for C22H2iN4O5:421.15, found 421.09. HPLC retention time: 1.02
minutes (column A).
Precursors 14a-l - 14a-21
The following tin agents and boron agents can be purchased from commercial
resources and used without any further treatment (Table 1-1).
(Table Removed) Preparation of Tin Agents;
Precursors 14-1 -14-65
The following known tin agents and boron agents could be prepared according
to the documented procedures indicated without any modification (Table 1-2):
(Table Removed)Preparation of 2,3-dicloro-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (An example of
general procedure Tin-01, below): TMP-Ii (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidhiyl lithium)
was prepared by addition of n-butyl lithium (1.6 M, 6.25 mL) to a solution of
2,2,4,4-tetramethylpiperidine (1.4 g) in dry THF (180 mL) at -78 °C. The solution
was then allowed to warm to 0 °C, was stirred at 0 °C for 15 minutes, then was
cooled to -78 °C. To the solution was added 2,3-dichloropyrazme (1.35 g), and
followed by an addition of tri-n-butyltin chloride (3.25 g) in another 2 hours. The
reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer
was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The
combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate
concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to
afford 2,3-dicloro-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (1 g).
Preparation of 2-(tri-n-butylsteimyl)-pyriinidine: (Example of the general
procedure Tin-03, below) Tri-n-butylstannyl lithium was prepared at 0 °C in dry THF
(20 mL) from tri-butyltin hydride (2.2 mL) and IDA (lithium diisopropylamiide, 2M,
4.09 mL). The tri-n-butylstannyl lithium solution was then cooled to -78 °C and to it
was added 2-bromopyrimidine (1 g). The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm
up to room temperature over 8 hours. The reaction was then quenched with aqueous
ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer
was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried
over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue
was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2-(tri-n-butylstannyI)-pyrimidine
(190 mg).
Preparation of 2-aminp-6-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (Example of the general
procedure Tin-04, below): To a sealed tube, 2-amino-6-chloro-pyrazme (1 g), bis(tributyltin)
(3.92 mL) and tetraMs-triphenylphosphine palladium, Pd(Ph3P)4 (100 mg)
were combined in dioxane (10 mL). The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h.
After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into 20 mL of
water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20 mL). The combined extract
was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel
chromatography to afford 2-amino-6-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (0.5 g)
Preparation of 2-methylsulfonylamino-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine
(Example of general procedure Tin-05, below): NaH (60%, 20 mg) was added into a
solution of 2-amino-5-(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (0.2 g) in THF (30 mL) at room
temperature. After the mixture stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, to it was
added methylsulfonyl chloride (63 mg). The reaction mixture was stirred at room'
temperature over 8 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium
chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was
extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic extract was dried
over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The
residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford 2-methylsulfonylamino-5-
(tri-n-butylstannyl)pyrazine (20 mg).
The precursors 14-70 -14-129 were prepared according to the following
general procedures designated Tin-01 through Tin-05 (Table 1-3).
Base = LDA, TMP-Li, n-BuLi, S-BuLi or t-BuLi;
Solvent = THF, diethyl ether or DME;
R = methyl or butyl
To a solution of a base (1.1 equivalents) selected from lithium
diisopropylamide, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl
lithium or tert-butyl lithium in a solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether
or dimethoxyethane (concentration of approximately 0.05 mmol base/mL of solvent)
at -78 °C was added an appropriate ,aryl or heteroaryl substrate (1.0 equivalents)
followed by an addition of tri-n-butyltin chloride or trimethyltin chloride (1.1
equivalents) hi another 2 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium
chloride solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted
with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate,
filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel
chromatography to afford the desired stannane.
General Procedure Tin-02:
Base R3SnCI
HeteroarylorAryl—LG " Heteroaryl or Aryl—SnR3
Solvent
LG = Br or I; Base = n-BuLi, S-BuLi, or t-BuLi;
Solvent = THF, ether or DME;
R = methyl or butyl
To a solution of a base (1.1 equivalents) selected from n-butyl lithium, secbutyl
lithium or tert-butyl lithium in a solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, diethyl
ether or dimethoxyethane (concentration of approximately 0.05 mmol base/mL of
solvent) at -78 °C was added an appropriate aryl or heteroaryl bromide or aryl or
heteroaryl iodide substrate (1.0 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred at -78
°C for a period suitable to generate the anion via metal-halogen exchange then to it
was added tri-n-butyltin chloride or trimethyltin chloride (1.1 equivalents). The
reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer
was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined
organic extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate
concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to
afford the desired stannane.
Tri-n-butylstannyl lithium or trimethylstannyl lithium (1.3 equivalents) was
prepared at 0 °C in dry solvent selected from THF, diethyl ether or dimethoxyethane
(20 mL) from tri-n-butyltin hydride or trimethyltin hydride, respectively (1.3
equivalents) and LDA (lithium diisopropylamide, 1.3 equivalents) at a concentration
of approximately 0.4 mmol of alkylstannyl lithium/rnL of solvent. The tri-nbutylstannyl
lithium or trimethylstannyl lithium solution was then cooled to -78 °C
and to it was added an appropriate haloaryl or haloheteroaryl substrate (1.0
equivalent). The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm up to room temperature
over 8 hours. The reaction was then quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride
solution. The organic layer was separated, and aqueous layer was extracted with
ethyl acetate (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over magnesium
sulfate, filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by
silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane precursor.
General Procedure Tin-04:
Heteroaryl or Aryl — LG - - Heferoaryl or Aryl— SnR3
Solvent
Pd(0)
LG = Cl, Br, 1 or OTf;Solvent= Dioxane or Toluene; R = methyl or butyl
To a sealed tube, an appropriate aiyl or heteroaryl substrate (1.0 equivalent),
bis(tri-butyltin) or hexamethylditin (1.0 equivalent) and tetrakis-triphenylphosphine
palladium, Pd(Pb.3P)4 (1.0 mol%) were combined in dioxane or toluene (10 mL). The
reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room
temperature, it was poured into water. The solution was extracted with ethyl acetate
and the combined extracts were concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was
purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane product.
General Procedure Tin-05:
The following general reaction scheme depicts the derivatization of stannane
precursors in which the stannane has a reactive ring NH group or reactive exocyclic
amino, hydroxy or thiol group. The starting stannane is treated with base in an
appropriate solvent then is reacted with suitable electrophiles such as aliyl halides,
acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and the like.
Electrophile = R'-halide, R'C(0)CI, R'OC(0)CI,
R'R"NCOCIf R'SO2CI, R'NCO, R'NSO, R'NCNR"
E = R1-, R'C(O)-, R'OC(0)-, R-R-NCfO)-, R'S02-,
R'NCfO)-, R'NS(Oh R'NCNR"
Solvent = CH2CI2, THF, diethyl ether, DMF
R = methyl or butyl; X = NH, O or S
Base = NaH, BuLi, LDA, K2CO3, Et3N, DBU,
DMAP, NaHMDS
An appropriate base selected from sodium hydride, n-butyl lithium, lithium
diisopropylamide, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, DBU, DMAP or sodium
hexamethyldisilazide (1.0 equivalent) was added into a solution of an appropriate
starmane substrate (as depicted above, 1.0 equivalent) in an appropriate solvent
selected from dichloromethane, THF, diethyl ether or N,N-dimethylformamide at a
temperature between -78 °C and room temperature. After the mixture stirred for a
period sufficient to allow deprotonation, typically for 5 to 30 minutes, then to it was
added an appropriate electrophile such as an alkyl halide, acid chloride, sulfonyl (1.0
equivalent). The reaction mixture was stirred, typically at room temperature, over a
period of 2 to 8 hours. The reaction was quenched with aqueous ammonium chloride
solution. The organic layer was separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with
ethyl acetate (3 x 100 mL). The combined organic extract was dried over
magnesium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue
was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired stannane precursor.
General procedure Tin-06
Bu3Sn_ H2, Pd or Pt
-CI,Br,l
Bu3Sn
An aryl hilide stannane agent was dissolved in appropriate alcohol, either
methanol or ethanol. After a cataylst (pt or pd) was added into the solvent, the
reaction mixture is placed in an environment of hydrogen under normal or raised
pressure. After reaction finishes, the catalyst is filtered, and, concentration of the
mother solution provides a residue which is used in the further reactions without any
purification.
(Table Removed)To a flask, an appropriate pyrazine, pyrimidine or thiazole (1.0 equivalent)
and a nucleophile (Nu), such as amine, alcohol or thio-derivatives in one equivalence
or an exess amount were combined in a solvent such as THF, DMF or alcohol, with
or without an addition of NaH. The reaction was either stirred at room temperature or
under heating for one to three days. After all the solvents were removed, the residue
was partitioned between saturated NaHCOs and EtOAc. The aqueous layer was
extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were concentrated in vacua to
give a residue, which was purified by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired
product.
Starting
Material
Br
Br
SM-01
Br
Br
SM-01
Br
Br
SM-01
Br
SM-01
Br
SM-01
Product
Br
f^N
HN
Br
Vs
Reaction
Condition
SM-01 (2g)
Piperazine
(10 g),
THF(50
ml), r.L
SM-01 (1
g), MeNH2
(2Min
THF, 100
ml), r.L
SM-01 (Ig
XMeaNH
(2Min
TEDF, 100
ml), r.L
SM-01 (1
g), MeONa
(0.5M in
MeOH,
100ml),
r.L
SM-01 (50
mg),NaH
(17mg),2-
amino-
1,3,4-
thiadiazole
(25 mg),
Rf
(minutes)
0.56
(column G)
0.89
(column E)
1.19
(column E)
1.05
(column E)
1.21
(column E)
MS
(M+H)+
Cald.
243.02
187.93
201.92
188.91
257.94
MS
(M+H)+
Obsv.
243.03
187.98
202.00 '
188.97
257.89
Br
SM-01
Br
r
SM-02
Br
SM-02
Br
N
Br
Br
DMFSml)
r.t
SM-01 (50
mg),NaH
(17mg),Nbenzylpiper
azine(25
mg), DMF
5 ml) r.t.
SM-01 (50
mg), NaH
(17 mg),
N.Ndiethylami
no-ethanol
(0.033 ml),
DMFSml)
r.L
SM-02 (2
g)
Piperazine
(10 g),
THF(50
ml), r.t.
SM-05 (1
(2Min
THF, 100
ml), r.L
1.04
(column E)
0.72
(column E)
0.89
(column E)
0.65
(column E)
333.07
274.06
247.99
206.89
332.99
273.97
247.97
206.96
246
Br .
Br
SM-02
Br
SM-02
Br
SM-02
Br
Br
SM-02
Br
SM-03
Br
SM-02 (1
g), MeONa
(0.5Min
MeOH,
100ml),
r.t.
SM-03 (50
mg), NaH
(16 mg),
imidazole
(77 mg),
DMFSml)
r.t.
SM-02 (50
mg), NaH
(16mg),Nbenzylpiper
azine(30
mg),DMF
5 ml) r.t.
SM-02 (50
mg),NaH
(16 mg),
NJNdiethylami
no-ethanol
(0.033 ml),
DMFSml)
r.t.
SM-03 (50
mg), NaH
(25 mg),
1.35
(column E)
0.89
(column E)
1.02
(column E)
0.83
(column E)
0.31
(column E)
193.93
229.94
338.03
279.02
151.91
193.84
229.83
337.98
278.95
152.03
Br
SM-03
X1
Cl
imidazole
(25 mg),
DMF 5 ml)
r.t.
SM-03 (50
mg),NaH
(25mg),Nbenzylpiper
azine(37
mg), DMF
5 ml) r.t
SM-03 (50
mg),NaH
(25 mg),
N,Ndiethylami
no-ethanol
(0.05 ml),
DMF 5 ml)
r.t
SM-04
dg),
MeONa
(0.5Min
MeOH,
13.52ml),
r.t.
SM-04
dg),
MeNH2
(2Min
1HF,
0.66
(column E)
0.46
(column E)
0.86
(column E)
0.46
(column
E),
260.07
201.11
145.02
144.03
260.12
201.02
144.99
143.96
248
NyN
NHMe
Br
N-yN
NMe2
100ml), r.t.
SM-05
dg,
MeONa
(0.5M in
MeOH,
100ml), 1
day, r.t
SM-05
dg),
MeNH2
(2Min
THF, 100
ml), r.t.
SM-05
dg),
Me2NH
2Min
THF, 100
ml), r.t.
0.91
(column E)
0.84
(column E)
1.24
(column E)
188.97
187.99
202.00
188.91
187.94
201.98
b. Preparation of 2-bromo-5,6-disubstituted-pyrazine
To a flask, an appropriate pyrazine (1.0 equivalent) and a nucleophile, such as
amine or sodium alkoxide in an exess amount were combined in a solvent such as
water or THF or without solvent The reaction was either stirred at room temperature
or under heating for one to three days. After all the solvents were removed, a residue
was collected and used in the further steps without any purification.
Starting
Material
N
Gl C1
SM-06
SM-06
SM-06
N
cH
SM-06
Product
MeHN Cl
Reaction
Condition
SM-06 (100
mg),
propylamine
(2 ml), r.t.
SM-06 (100
mg), Me2NH
(2M in THF5
10 ml) or
Me2NH
(40% in
water, 10
ml), r.t.
SM-06 (100
mg), Me2NH
(40% in
water, 10
ml), 100°C
SM-06 (100
mg), MeNH2
(2MinTHF,
10 ml), r.t
Rf
(minutes)
1.28
(column C)
1.21
(column Q
0.49
(column C)
0.72
(column C)
MS
(M+H)
+ Cald.
172.06
158.05
167.13
144.03
MS
(M+H)+
Obsv.
172.09
158.07
167.19-
144.07
H2N Cl
SM-06 (100
mg),NH40H
(10 ml),
100°C
0.41
(column C)
162.04
(M+Me
OH+H)
H-
162.06
(M+MeO
H+H)+
Step two
To a flask, the crude pyrazine derivative obtained from the step one (1.0
equivalent) and a nucleophile, such as amine or sodium aUcoxide in an exess amount
were combined in a solvent such as water or THF or without solvent. The reaction
was either stirred at room temperature or under heating for one to three days. After
all the solvents were removed, a residue was collected and used in the further steps
without any purification.
Starting
Material
WleHN C
SM-07
H2N Cl
SM-08
Product
HN
Reaction
Condition
SM-07 (2
g), MeONa
(12.5 wt%,
100ml,
100°C
SM-08 (2
g), MeONa
(12.5 wt%,
20ml),
100°C
SM-07 (2
g),MeNH2
(40% in
water, 100
ml), 110°C
Rf
(minutes)
0.28
(column C)
0.28
(column C)
0.34
(column C)
MS
Cald.
140.08
158.13
139.10
MS
(M+H)+
Obsv.
140.14
158.09
139.13
251
Step three
To a flask, the crude pyrazine derivative obtained from the step two (1.0
equivalent) was dissolved in methylene chloride. A slightly excess of bromine was
then added into the mixed solution. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for
ten hours. After all the solvents were removed, a residue was collected and purified
by silica gel chromatography to afford the desired product
Starting
General procedure of the preparation of 2-alkyl-5-bromo-pyrimide:
To a sealed tube, 5-bromo-2-iodopyrimidine (1.0 equivalent), trialkylalumimim
(1.5 equivalent) and tetrakis-triphenylphospbine palladium, Pd(Pb.3P)4
(1.0 mol%) were combined in dioxane(10 mL). The reaction was heated at 110-120
°C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature, it was poured into
water. The solution was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were
concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was purified by silica gel
chromatography to afford the desired 2-alkyl-5-bromopvrirnidine product
R3A1
Me3Al
(i-Bu)3Al
Product
Me
B
Rf
(minutes)
0.90
(column E)
1.45
(column E)
MS
Cald.
172.94
215.02
MS
(M+H)+
Obsv.
172.97
214.99
Prep of triazine stannane for Stille coupling to prepare examples of claim 1. (the
sulfur can thenbe removed with Raney Nickel to give additional desulfurized
triazines).
2,2,6,6-tetramettiylpiperidine (2.0ml, ll.Slmmol) in 30ml of THF was cooled to -
78oC and treated with n-butyllithium (4.7ml, ll.81mm.ol, 2.5M in hexane). After
stirring SOmin at OoC, the reaction was cooled to -78oC again and 3-methylthio-
1,2,4-triazine (l.Og, 7.87mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred at -
78oC for SOmin before tributyltin chloride (2.1ml, 7.87mmol) was added. The
reaction was kept at -78oC for Ihr, then quenched with water. The THF solvent was
removed on rotarory evaporator and the remaining solution was extracted with
ethylacetate. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and the filtrate was
concentrated. The residue was chromatographed to afford 96mg of 3-methylthio-6-
tributyltin-1,2,4-triazine.
1HNMR (SOOHz, CHC13): 8.83 (s, 1H); 2.62 ( s, 3H); 2.04 - 0.79 (m, 27H).
LC/MS: ( ES+) WZ (M+H)+ = 418, RT = 2.29min.
Precursor 13a
To a mixture of 5q (50 mg, 105 umol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (25 mg, 21 [imol) was added
1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and vinyl tributylstannane (50 mg, 158 umol). The reaction
mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 3 hours. After cooling to ambient
temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The
filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of
Precursor 13a using the method: Start %B = 30, Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 20
min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction
Collection: 7.92 - 8.58 min. XH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.61 (s, IH), 8.37 (s, IH), 7.47 (b
s, 5H), 7.31 (dd, J= 17.3, 11.3, IH), 6.50 (d, /= 17.3, IH), 5.97 (d, /= 11.3, IH),
3.97 - 3.38 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 423,425; HPLC Rt = 1.887.
Precursor 14
To a mixture of precursor 5q (30 mg, 63 (Limol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (20 mg, 17 uinol) was
added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and 1-tributylstannyl propyne (40 mg, 122 (jinol). The
reaction mixture was heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 2 hours. After cooling to
ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered.
The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of
precursor 14 (l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(4-chloro-7-prop-l-ynyl-lHpyrrolo[
2,3-c]pyridni-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione) using the method: Start %B = 20, Final
%B = 80, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum
20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 8.74 - 9.00 min. JH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.47 (s,
IH), 8.27 (s, IH), 7.46 (b s, 5H), 3.82 - 3.34 (b m, 8H), 2.26 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+)
m/z (M+H)+ = 435,437; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 2.123.
Precursor 15
To a solution of precursor 5q (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DMF (1 ml) was added CuCN
(30 mg, 0.335 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 170°C for 30 min. After
cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH (15
ml), filtered under gravity, and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo to afforded a brownish
residue. To the residue in EtOH (3 ml) at ambient temperature was bubbled hydrogen
chloride gas for 10 minutes to give a yellow solution, which was purified by
preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 85,
Gradient time = 15 min, How Rate = 40 rruVmin, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 um 30 x
100 mm, Fraction Collection: 10.40 - 10.85 min; XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8.35 (s, 1H),
8.33 (s, 1H), 7.42 (b s, 5H), 3.95 - 3.41 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) ra/z (M+H) =
440,442; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.820.
Precursor 16
Preparation of precursor 16:
To a suspension of precursor 15 (6 ing, 13 jimol) in a mixture of AcOH (0.5 ml) and
Ac2O (1.0 ml) at 0°C was charged with sodium nitrite (17 mg, 246 pinol). The
reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min. and then at ambient temperature for 1
hour. After addition of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by
preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA solvate of the title compound using
the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 80, Gradient time =15 min, Flow Rate = 25
ml/min, Column : YMC C18 Sum 20 x. 100mm, Fraction Collection: 9.48 - 10.03
min. JH NMR: (DMSO-rf6) 5 12.76 (s, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, /= 3.0, 1H), 7.44
(b s, 5H), 3.97 - 3.47 (b m, overlapping with water peak, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H) = 441, 443; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.530. Ref:
Amide hydrolysis: Evans, D. A.; Carter, P. H.; Dinsmore, C. J.; Barrow, J. C.; Katz,
J. L.; Kung, D. W. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997,35,4535 and references cited therein.
256
Additional Piperazine Precursors
(Benzoyl)-2-methylpiperazine, Precursor 17a, was prepared according to the
procedure described in Ref. 90(b). H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 57.47 (m, 5H), 3.30-
2.70 (m, 7H), 1.36 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) 5171.0,135.4,
129.7, 128.5,126.3,48.5,44.3,14.5;2 HRMS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for Ci2H17N2O
205.1341, found 205.1341.
(R)-W-(BenzoyI)-2-methylpiperazine, Precursor 17b, was prepared according to
the procedure described in Ref. 90(b). H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 57.41 (m, 5H),
3.31-2.70 (m, 7H), 1.35 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for
Ci2Hi7N20:205.13; Found 205.16. HPLC retention time: 0.51 minutes (column L).
(S)-JV-(Benzoyl)-2-methylpiperazuie, Precursor 17c, was prepared according to the
procedure described in Ref. 90(b). JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3D) 57.41 (m, 5H), 3.31-
2.72 (m, 7H), 1.35 (d, 3H, /= 6.90 Hz). MS m/z: (M+Hf Calcd for Ci2Hi7N2O:
205.13; Found 205.16. HPLC retention time: 0.50 minutes (column L).
Some carbon peaks are missing due to the overlap of signals.
JV-(Benzoyl)-2-ethylpiperazine, Precursor 17d, was prepared according to the
procedure described in Ref. 90(b).. JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 67.49 (m, 5H),
3.34-2.80 (m, 7H), 2.10-1.70 (m, 2H), 0.85 (b, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD)
8171.5,135.1,129.8,128.5,126.5,48.5,46.0,43.9,21.8, 9.6;2HRMS m/z: (M+H)+
calcd for Ci3H19N2O 219.1497, found 219.1501.
Preparation of Compounds of Formula I
EXAMPLE 1
Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic boron reagent (An
example of the general procedure described below for examples 2-14): Preparation
of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-
piperazine is an example of Step E as described in Scheme 15. To a sealed tube, 1-
(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-chIoro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor
5a, (20 mg, 0.049 mmol), 4-fluorophenylboronic acid, Precursor 14a-9, (8.2 mg,
0.059 mmol), Pd(Ph3P)4 (5 mg) and K2CO3 (20 mg, 0.14 mmol) were combined in
1.5 mL of DMF and 1.5 mL of water. The reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10
h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it was poured into 20 mL of water. The
solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20 mL). The combined extract was
concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated
preparative HPLC System to give compound l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-
fluorophenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1.8 mg, 7.9%). MS m/z:
(M+H)H"Calc'dforC27H24EN4O3: 471.18; found 471.08. HPLC retention time: 1.12
minutes (column A).
EXAMPLES 2-14
Examples 2-14 were prepared according to the following general method in a
manner analogous to the preparation of Example 1.
Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic boron reagent: To a
sealed tube, an appropriately substituted azaindole precursor (0.049 mmol), an
appropriate boronic acid derivative (0.059 mmol), Pd(Ph3P)4 (5 mg) and K2CO3 (20
mg, 0.14 mmol) were combined in 1.5 mL of DMF and 1.5 mL of water. The
reaction was heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it
was poured into 20 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4 x 20
mL). The combined extract was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was
purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the
desired compound.
EXAMPLE 2
Example 2, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and 4-chlorophenyl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-10, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC27H24FN4O3: 473.14; found 473.13. HPLC retention time:
1.43 minutes (column B).
Example 3, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and 3-amino-4-methylphenyl boronic acid, Precursor 14a259
11, to provide l-benzoyl-3-®-methyl-4-[(7-(3-amino-4-methylphenyl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl] piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^n^ON.^: 482.22; found
482.25. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column B).
Example 4, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and 4-hydroxycarbonylphenyl boronic acid, Precursor" 14a-
12, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd fort^H^CMtCb: 483.17; found
483.10. HPLC retention time: 1.00 minutes (column A).
Example 5, was prepared according to the general method described above
froml-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-chloro-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and
3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl boronic acid, Precursor I4a-13, to provide l-benzoyl-3-
methyl-4-[(7-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
time: 1.41 minutes (column B).
: 497.18; found 497.03. HPLC retention
Example 6, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and furan-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-3-®-
mefliyl-4-[(7-(furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)
Calc'd forC25H23N4O4: 443.17; found 443.12. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE
Example 7, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and furan-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-
(furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI] piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
forC24H2iN4O4: 429.16; found 428.98. HPLC retention time: 1.36 minutes (column
A).
Example 8, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and benzofuran-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-
[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineMS m/z: (M+H)* Calc'd
forC28H23N4O4: 479.17; found 479.09. HPLC retention time: 1.67 minutes (column
B).
EXAMPLE 9
Example 9, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and tbien-2-yl boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-3-®-
methyl-4-[(7-(thien-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz: (M+H)+
Calc'd forC25H23N4O3S: 459.15; found 459.10. HPLC retention tune: 1.20 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 10
Example 10, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and pyridin-4-yl boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(7-
(pyridin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd
forC25H22N5O3:440.17; found 440.10. HPLC retention time: 0.97 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLE 11
Example 11, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and quinolin-8-yl boronic acid, Precursor 14a-14, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(quinoHn-8-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS
m/K (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^H^Ws: 490.19; found 490.09. HPLC retention time:
1.34 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 12
MeO
Example 12, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidin-5-yl boronic acid, Precursor
14a-4, to provide l-benzoyl-3-®-methyM-[(7-(2,4-dmiethoxy-pyriinidin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'
515.20; found 515.28. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 13
Example 13, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2,4-dimethoxypvrimidin-5-yl boronic acid, Precursor
14a-4, to provide l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(2,4-6^ethoxy-pyrimidui-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.71 (s, 1H),
8.64 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 5H), 4.15 (s, 3H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.64-
3.34 (m, 8H). MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CigHasNeOe: 531.20; found 531.26.
HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 14
OMe
Example 14, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-4-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(pvridin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z; (M+H)"1"
Cald for CaeKW^CU: 470.18; found 470.32. HPLC retention time: 1.02 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 15
Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic tin reagent (An
example of the general procedure described below for examples 16-53):
Preparation of Example 15, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(l,ldimemylethylaminocarbonyl)-
pvrazm-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineis
an example of Step E as described in Scheme 15. To a sealed tube, l-benzoyl-4-[(7-
chloro-4-methoxy-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, Precursor 5b, (20 mg), 2-
(l,l-dimethylethylaminocarbonyl)-5-tributylstannyl-pyrazine (1.2 equivalents, 27
mg.) and Pd(Ph3P)4 (1 mg) were combined in 1.5 mL of dioxane. The reaction was
heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to room temperature,
it was poured into 5 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc (4x5
mL). The combined extract was concentrated in vacua to give a residue which was
purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give compound 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-( 1,1 -dimemylethylarninocarbonyl)-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
CsoHsaNyOs: 570.25; found 570.43. HPLC retention time: 1.83 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLES 16-54
Examples 16-54 were prepared according to the following general procedure
by a method analogous to the method described for the preparation of Example 15.
Typical procedure for coupling azaindole with aromatic tin reagent: To a
sealed tube, an appropriate azaindole (0.049 mmol), an appropriate stannane (0.059
mmol) and Pd(Ph3P)4 (1 mg) were combined in 1.5 mL of dioxane. The reaction was
heated at 110-120 °C for 10 h. After the mixture cooled down to rt, it was poured
into 5 mL of water. The solution was extracted with EtOAc ( 4 x 5 mL). The
combined extract was concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to provide the desired compound.
EXAMPLE 16
Example 16, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC^EbNgOs:455.18; found 455.17.
HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column B).
Example 17, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(pyrunidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd forCasIfeNeC^: 441.17; found 441.07. HPLC retention time: 1.30
minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 18
Example 18, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and pyridin-3-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-2, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(^)-methyl-4-[(7-(pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazineMS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd fo^eEbiNsOs: 454.19; found 454.17. HPLC retention time:
1.11 minutes (column A).
Example 19, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and pyridin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-19, to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS mlz:
(M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H22N5O3:440.17; found 440.07. HPLC retention time: 1.40
minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 20
Example 20, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(tMazol-2-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
wz/z:(M+H)+Calc'd forC24H22N5O3S: 460.14; found 460.15. HPLC retention time:
1.48 minutes (column B).
Example 21, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H)"1"
Calc'dforCaaBbNsOaS: 446.13; found 446.03. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes
(column B).
EXAMPLE 22
Example 22, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylpyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide 1-benzoyl-
4-[(4-memoxy-7-(l-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N604:473.19; found 473.28. HPLC retention time:
1.18 minutes (column B).
Example 23, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Intermeidiate 14-9 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(pyrida2in-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for CasHbNeCv 471.18; found 471.26. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes
(column B).
EXAMPLE 24
Example 24, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2-amiaopyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, to provide 1-
benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(2-amino-pyrimidin-5-yl))-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for for C25H24N7O4:486.19: found
486.24. HPLC retention time: 1.19 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 25
Example 25, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-3-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-2, to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazrne; MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHyNsC^: 470.18; found 470.19. HPLC retention time:
1.04 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 26
Example 26, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2-aminopyrazin-5-yl trimethyltin, Precursor 14-28, to
provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[(4-me1hoxy-7-(2-ainino-pyrazhi-5-yl))-6-azarndol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHiwNvO^ 486.19; found
470.19. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 27
Example 27, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylimidazol-2-yl trimethyltin, Precursor 14-5, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methyl-imidazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHasNcO- 473.18; found
473.27. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 28
Example 28, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and l-methylpyrrol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-15, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methyl-pyrrol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26NsO4:472.20; found
470.26. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 29
Example 29, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5i and l-methylpyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide 1-benzoyl-
4-[(4-fluoro-7-(l-methyl-pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azauidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22FN6O3:461.17; found 461.24. HPLC retention time:
1.36 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 30
Example 30, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5i and pyridazin-4-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-8, to provide 1-
benz»yl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyridazin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine H
NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 9.72 (s, 1H), 9.39 (s, 1H), 8.42 (m, 2H), 8.22 (s, 1H),
7.47 (s, 5H), 3.84 - 3.38 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H) Calcd for C24H2oFN6O3:459.16;
found 459.25. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 32
Example 32, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1-
benzoyl^[(4-methoxy-7-(pvrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine;MS
mfz: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C^KtaNeOj: 471.18; found 471.17. HPLC retention time:
1.35 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 33
Example 33, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^H^Cs: 455.18; found 455.26. HPLC retention time:
1.46 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 34
Example 34, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5g and pyrazin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide 1-
benzoyW-[(7-(pvrazin-2-yl)-6-a2;aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1"
Calc'd for C24H2iN6O3:441.17; found 441.22. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes
(column A),
EXAMPLE 35
Example 35, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1-
(benzoyl)^-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Ca-fHzzNsOaS: 476.14; found 476.20. HPLC retention time:
1.25 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 36
Example 36, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyridin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-19, to provide
l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
TH/Z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H24N5O4: 470.18; found 470.17. HPLC retention time:
1.04 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLES37
Example 37, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5j and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(thiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+: 478.13; found
478.13. HPLC retention time: 1.34 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE38
Example 38, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5i and pyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
fluoro-7-(pyrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for CaHaoFNeOs: 447.16; found 447.15. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 39
Example 39, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyrazol-3-yl tributyltin, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(pvrazol-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C24H23N6O4:459.18; found 459.21. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 40
' Example 40, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy-7-(pyrinBdin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
MS m/z: (M+Hf Calc'd for CzsEbNgCfc 471.18; found 471.20. HPLC retention
time: 1.61 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 41
Example 41, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5j and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine;1HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 9.26 (m, 3H), 8.39 (m, 2H),
7.56 (m, 5H), 4.72 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.40 - 0.91 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C25H22FN6O3:473.17; found 473.17. HPLC retention time: 1.34 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLE 42
Example 42, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5i and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-fluorc)-7-(pyrimidm-5-yl)-6-azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H2oFN6O3:459.16; found 459.14. HPLC retention time:
1.28 minutes (column A).
Example 43
Example 43, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-memyM-[(7-(2,4-dimemoxy-pyrimidin-5
yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
515.20; found 515.28. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 44
Example 44, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5a and 2,3-dichloropyrazin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-66,
to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-rnethyl-4-[(7-(2,3-dichloro-pyrazni-5-yl) -6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+Na)+ Calc'd for CasEboQzNaNsOa: 545.09;
found 545.29, HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 45
Example 45, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2-ethoxythiazol-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-71, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethoxy-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+HT Calc'd for: 520.17; found
520.24. HPLC retention time: 1.32 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 46
Example 46, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and the 2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl stannane, Precursor 14-68, to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasEkiNyC^: 486.19; found
486.3 1 . HPLC retention time: 1 .22 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 47
Example 47, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2-memylsiuonylarnino-5-(tri-n-burylstannyl)pyrazine,
Precursor 14-69, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-memylsulfonylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'
564.17; found 564.21. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 48
MeO N OMe
Example 48, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 2,4-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-6-yl tributyltin, Precursor
14-70, to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2,4-dimethoxy-l,3,5-triazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N7O6: 532.19; found
532.12. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 49
Example 49, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and pyrimidin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-67, to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy-7-(pyrimidiD-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2ine;
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^IfeNeCU: 471.18; found 471.29. HPLC retention
time: 1.21 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 50
Example 50, was prepared froml-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21,
according to the general method above to provide l-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(tbiazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C24H25N6O4S: 477.13; found 477.22. HPLC retention time: 0.98 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLE 51
Example 51, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5d and pyrimidin-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-9, to provide
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-me%W-t(7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"4" Calc'd for CasH^NeOa: 455.18; found
455.16. HPLC retention time: 0.98 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 52
Example 52, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5d and pyrimidin-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-l, to provide
l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyl^[(7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;>
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHaaNeCb: 455.18; found 455.16. HPLC retention
time: 1.09 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 53
Example 53, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5d and thiazol-2-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14a-21, to provide 1-
benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
m/z: (M+H)* Calc'd for CaNsOaS: 460.14; found 460.26. HPLC retention time:
1.02 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 54
Example 54, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5d and 2-ethoxythiazol-5-yl tributyltin, Precursor 14-71, to
pro\ddel-berizoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(7-(2-emoxy-thiazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C26H26N5O4S: 504.17; found
4504.18. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 55
The compound of Example 15, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(l,ldrmemylemylarnmocarbonyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
(20 mg) was dissolved in 1 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid. After 30 minutes, the
mixture was diluted with 2 mL of methanol. The resulting solution was injected into
a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System and the HPLC purification afforded
the compound of Example 55, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-aminocarbonyl-pyra2in285
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2dne (1 mg); MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
5: 514.78; found 514.22. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column B).
EXAMPLE 56
An excess of NHLfCl (27mg) was added into a solution of l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-
methyl-4-[(6-cyano-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (20 mg) and NaNa (16 mg)
in DMF. The reaction was heated to reflux for 12 h. After cooling down, the mixture
was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-
[(6-(tetrazol-l-yl)-7-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (6.3mg). MS mlz: (M+H)+
Calc'd for Ca^iNsOs: 445.17; Found 3445.16. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes
(column B); Column B: PHX-LUNA CIS 4.6 x 30 mm.
EXAMPLE 57
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-
(memoxymethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture
of Precursor 13 (267 mg), N,0-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrogen chloride (248 mg),
carbon tetrabromide (844 mg), pyridine (202 mg) and triphenylphosphine (668 mg) in
dichloromethane (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. After solvent
was removed under vaccum, the residue was purified by using silica gel
chromatography to afford l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-
(memoxymethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (56 mg); MS
m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C24H26N5O5:464.19; found 464.25. HPLC retention time:
1.02 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 58
Example 58 was prepared according to the same procedure used in preparing
Example 57 with the exception of using Precursor 11 as a starting material instead of
Precursor 13. The procedure provided l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-(7-
(memoxymemylamino)carbonyl)-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for CasClNsOs: 498.15; found 498.12. HPLC retention time: 1.39
minutes (column A).
General procedure A to prepare CO-NR1R2 fromCOOH
EXAMPLE 59
287
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-
(m.ethylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of
Precursor 11 (25 mg), methylamine (2M in THF, 0.08 mL), EDC (26 mg), HOBT
(11.2 mg) and diisopropylethylamine (43 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was stirred at
room temperature for 10 hours. After the solvent was removed under vaccum, the
residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography to afford l-benzoyl-3-(R)-
memyl[(5-cUoro-7-(methylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine
(13.6 mg); MS m/z: M+H)+ Calc'd for CHaClNsCvt: 468.14; found 468.03.
HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A).
This general produre A is applied to prepare examples 94 and 135:
EXAMPLE 94
Example 94,1 -benzoyl-[(4-memoxy-7-(2-memylarninocarbQnyl-furan-5-yl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. *H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.37 (s, 1H),
8.06 (s, 1H), 7.48 - 7.26 (m, 7H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.83 - 3.44 (m, 8H), 2.96 (s, 3H). MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H26N5O6:516.19; found 516.14. HPLC retention time:
1.35 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 135
Example 135, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(4-trifluoromethylbenzylamino)
carbonyl-4-a2aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C3oH27F3N5O4: 578.20; found 578.39. HPLC retention time: 1.47 minutes (column
G).
General procedure B to prepare CO-NR1R2 fromCOOH
289
Preparation of Example 136, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methylthiazol-
2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine:
To a solution of (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-hydroxylcarbonyl-4-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (146mg) in DMF (5ml) at room temperature was added
pentafluorophenyl (70.3mg) followed by EDC (73.23mg)i The reaction mixture was
stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. The crude product was diluted with
methylene chloride and was washed with water, 0.1N HC1 and brine. The organic
phase was dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The pentafluorophenyl ester
was used in the following reaction without further purification.
To a stirred solution of 4-methyI-2-amino-thiazole (39.6mg) and Hunig's base
(49.4mg) in DMF (5ml) at room temperature was added a solution of
pentafluorophenyl ester (1/3 of the product obtained in the previous step described
above) in DMF (2 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16
hours. The crude product was diluted with methylene chloride and was washed with
Na2CO3 (sat.) and brine. The organic phase was dried over MgSO4, filtered and
concentrated. The residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC
System to give (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl^[(7^4-memyllhiazol-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4-
azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (3.6mg). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C26H25N6O4S: 517.17; found 517.41. HPLC retention time: 1.25 minutes (column
A).
This general produre B is applied to prepare example 137:
EXAMPLE 137
Example 137, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-2-yl)aminocarbonyl-4-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mfz: (M+H)"1" Calc'dfor
503.15; found 503.29. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE60
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(imidazol-2-yl)-4-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperaziae: A mixture of Precursor 10 (34 mg), glyoxal
(40% in water, 0.2 mL) and ammonia acetate (139 mg) in methanol was heated up to
reflux for 10 hours. After cooling down, the mixture was concentrated under reduced
pressure and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC
System to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyM-[(5-criloro-7-(imidazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (1.8 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
477.14; found 477.13. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 61
Example 61 was prepared according to the same procedure used for preparing
Example 60 with the exception of using methylglyoxal as a starting material instead
of. glyoxal to providel-benzoyl-3-(R)-memyW-[(5-chloro-7-(4-methyl-imidazol-2-
yl)-4-azdndol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
491.16; found 491.13. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 62
Example 62 was prepared according to the same procedure used for preparing
Example 60 with the exception of using dimethylglyoxal as a starting material instead
of glyoxal to provide l-benzoyl-3-(^)-methyl[(5-chloro-7-(4,5-dimethyl-imidazol-
2-yl)-4-azarndol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme; MS m/z: (M+H) Calcd for
C26H26C1N6O3: 505.18; found 505.10. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLE 63
Preparation of l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(oxazol-5-yl)-4-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Precursor 10 (27.6 mg),
tosylmethyl isocyanide (12.3 mg) and KjCOs (8.7 mg) in MeOH was heated up to
reflux for 10 hours. After cooling down, the mixture was concentrated under reduced
pressure and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC
System to provide l-(benzoyl)-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(oxazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (17.7 mg); MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'
478.13; found 478.03. HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 64
Step 1: Preparation of 1-64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-
propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine: Propynyllithium (21 mg)
was added to a solution of Example 52 (41 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml) at -78°C.
The reaction was quenched with methanol at -25°C in 2 hours. After solvents were
removed under vaccum, the residue was carried to the further reactions without any
purification.
293
1-64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C^HzzCESUCU:477.13; found
477.17. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column A).
Step 2: Preparation of Example 64:
Example 64
Preparation of Example 64, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(3-
methyl-pyrazol-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of 1-64
(crude product from Step 1) and hydrazine (0.22 mL) in EtOAc (2 mL) and water (2
mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Then solvents were removed
under vaccum, and the residue was purified using Shimadzu automated preparative
HPLC System to give l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(5-chloro-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-5-
yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (9 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
QzsHClNdOs: 491.16; found 491.19. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLES 65-67
The procedure for the preparation of Examples 65-67 is the same as that
described previously for the preparation of Precursor 5a and is as follows: Potassium
7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindole-3-glyoxylate, Precursor 4c (147 mg, 0.44 mmol),
an appropriate 1-benzoylpiperazine derivative (0.44 mmol), 3-
(dietiioxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3fl)-one (DEPBT) (101 mg, 0.44 mol)
and Hunig' s Base (0.5 mL) were combined in 5 mL of DMF. The mixture was
stirred at rt for 8 h. DMF was removed via evaporation at reduced pressure and the
residue was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give
the corresponding l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]-
piperazine derivative.
EXAMPLE 65
Example 19, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(7-(4-methoxy)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-
azaindole-3-glyoxylate and J-(benzoyl)piperazine according to the above general
procedure. MS nz/z: (M+H)+ Calcd forCzvHC: 469.19; found 469.16. HPLC
retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 66
Example 66, l-benzoyl-3-(S)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxy)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-
azaindole-3-glyoxylate and the corresponding l-(benzoyl)-3-methylpiperazine
according to the above general procedure. MS m/z: (M+H)'1' Calc'd
483.20; found 483.17. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 67
MeO
Example 67, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methoxyplienyl)-4-azaindol-3-
yl)oxoacetyl]piperazine was prepared from potassium 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-
azaindole-3-glyoxylate and the corresponding l-benzoyl-3-methylpiperazine
according to the above general procedure. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'
483.20; found 483.16. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLES 68-79 and 81
Examples 68-79 and 81 were prepared according to the same general method
as previously described for Examples 16-54.
EXAMPLE 68
Example 68, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2,4-
dunethoxypvrimidin-6-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2,6-
dunemoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. :H NMR (500
MHz, CDC13) 5 8.20 (s, IH), 8.13 (s, IH), 7.52 (s, IH), 7.42 (m, 5H), 4.11 (s, 3H),
4.06 (s, 3H), 4.00 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H27N6O6: 531.20;
found 531.24. HPLC retention time: 1.54 minutes (column A).
Example 69, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methoxypvridin-3-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(6-methoxy-pyridin-3-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.69 (s, IH), 8.63 (s,
IH), 8.11 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 7.10 (d, IH, J = 8.65 Hz), 4.16 (s, 3H), 4.06 (s, 3H),
4.00 - 3.40 (m, 8H). MS mix: (M+Hf Calcd for €27^6^65:500.09; found 500.20.
HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 70
Example 70, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-diethylamino-thiazol-
4-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyM-[(4-memoxy-7-(2emyIamino-thiazol-4-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.47 (s, IH),
7.97 (m, 2H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.64 (m, 12H), 1.35 (m, 6H). MS m/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN6O4S: 547.21; found 547.22. HPLC retention time: 1.35
minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 71
Example 71, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thioazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-) 8 9.19 (s, IH), 8.64 (s, IH),
8.34 (s, IH), 8.11 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.55 (m, 8H). MS nz/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C24H22N5O4S: 476.14; found 476.17. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 72
Example 72, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-dimethylaminopyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C27H28N7O4: 514.22; found 514.29. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 73
Example 73, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the furan-2-yl stannane to
provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(furan-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C25H23N4O5:459.17; found
459.25. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 74
Example 74, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(oxazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 9.19 (s, IH), 8.64 (s, IH),
8.34 (s, IH), 8.11 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.55 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C24H22N5O5: 460.16; found 460.23. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes
(column A).
Example 75, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-aminopyridin-2-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-aminopyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CzelfeNeO^ 485.19; found
485.24. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 76
Example 76, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methylpyridin-2-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methyl-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C27H26N5O4:484.20; found
484.22. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 77
Example 77, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-methoxypyridin-2-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS jn/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C27H26N5O5: 500.19; found
500.23. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 78
Example 78, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-acetylamino-thiazol-
5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-acetylamino-thiazol-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calcd
533.16; found 533.18. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column A).

EXAMPLE 79
Example 79, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-ethylamino-pyrazin-5-
yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol~3-yl)-oxoacetyl piperazine. MS m/z: (M-fH)+ Calcd for Cz
514.22; found 514.18. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 88
Example 88, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-ethyl-thiazol-5-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-t(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethyl-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N5O4S: 504.17; found
514.32. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 89
Example 89, was prepared from Precursor 5k and the 2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-isobutyI-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H28N5O3S: 502.19; found
502.26. HPLC retention time: 1.56 minutes (column E). .
EXAMPLE 90
Example 90, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-isobutyl-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CHsoNsCS: 532.20; found
532.27. HPLC retention time: 1.57 minutes (column E).
EXAMPLE 91
OMe
Example 91, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(2-butyl)-thiazol-5-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-metboxy-7-(2-(2-butyl)-tbiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3oN5O4S: 532.20; found
532.27. HPLC retention time: 1.57 minutes (column E).
EXAMPLE 92
Example 92, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(thiazol-2-yl)-thiazol-
5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(thiazol-2-yl)-thiazol-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Cav
559.12; found 559.18. HPLC retention time: 1.55 minutes (column E).
EXAMPLE 93
Example 93, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylthio-thiazol-5-
yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylthio-thiazol-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
522.13; found 522.17. HPLC retention tkne: 1.45 minutes (column E).
EXAMPLE 95
Example 95, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 59.89 (s, IS), 8.70 - 8.34 (m,
4H), 7.46 (m, 5H), 3.80 - 3.50 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2
459.16; found 459.33. HPLC retention time: 1.46 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 100
Example 100, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylamino-3-
methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-
methylamino-3-methoxy-pyrazia-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. *H
NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 68.65 (s, IH), 8.43 (s, IH), 7.95 (s, IH), 7.45 (m, 5H),
4.21 (s, 3H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.89 - 3.32 (m, 8H), 3.06 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
for Cav^NvOs: 530.22; found 530.19. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column
A).
EXAMPLE 101
Example 101, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-amhio-3-methoxypyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-3-methoxypyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD)
88.67 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH), 7.96 (s, IH), 7.48 (m, 5H), 4.22 (s, 3H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.92
- 3.32 (m, 8H). MS ?n/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column A).
: 516.20; found 516.23.
EXAMPLE 102
Example 102, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane
to provide l-picoliaoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. 'H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.59 (s, 1H), 8.79 - 7.51 (m,
8H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.95 -3.34 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for
472.17; found 472.25. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 103
Example 103, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-dtmeth.ylaminopyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-picolmoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-dimethylarninopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M-fH)+ Calc'd for
4: 515.22; found 515.16. HPLC retention time: 1.29 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 104
Example 104, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 6-aza-benzofuran-2-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(6-aza-benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 88.48 (d, IH, /= 8.5 Hz),
8.36 (s, IH), 8.30 (s, IH), 8.02 (s, IH), 7.64 (d, IH, J= 8.55 Hz), 7.41 (m, 4H), 6.92
(s, IH), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.87 - 3.38 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
510.18; found 510.33. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 105
Example 105, was prepared from Precursor 5m and the 2-dimethylaminopyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
a: 499.22; found 499.27. HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 106
Example 106, was prepared from Precursor 5n and the 2-dimethylarninopyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-dimethylaminopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD)
69.08 - 7.49 (m, 9H), 5.00 - 3.15 (m, 13H), 1.44 - 1.27 (m, 3H). MS mfz: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C26H27N8O3:499.22; found 499.27. HPLC retention time: 1.19 minutes
(column A).
EXAMPLE 109
Example 109, was prepared from Precursor 5m and the thiazol-5-yl stannane
to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4~t(7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine.. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 69.42 - 7.49 (m, 9H), 4.98 -
3.14 (m, 7H), 1.43 -1.26 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2iN6O3S:
461.14; found 461.28. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE HO
Example 110, was prepared from Precursor 5n and the thiazol-5-yl stannane
to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine.. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.44 - 7.48 (m, 9H), 4.98 -
3.15 (m, 7H), 1.43 -1.26 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2iN6O3S:
461.14; found 461.27. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 111
Example 111, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl
stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.68 - 7.45 (m, 10H),
4.89 - 3.13 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 0.99 (m, 3H). MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'c
470.19; found 470.31. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 112
Example 112, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyridin-6-yl
stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyridin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. :H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.65 - 6.89 (m, 11H),
4.90 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 0.99 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
469.20; found 469.32. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 113
Example 113, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyridin-5-yl
stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-memyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyridin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.75 - 7.19 (m, 11H),
4.91 - 3.12 (m, 7H), 1.38 - 1.25 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
469.20; found 469.34. HPLC retention time: 1.05 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 114
Example 1 14, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 5-amino-pyridin-2-yl
stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(5-amino-pyridin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. XH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.67 - 7.20 (m, 11H),
4.88 - 3.13 (m, 7H), 1.39 - 1.25 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
469.20; found 469.33. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 115
Example 115, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methylaminopyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylaminopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD)
58.90 (s, IH), 8.61 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.92 (s, IH), 7.46 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.85
- 3.40 (m, 8H), 3.02 (s, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CasHaeNvCU: 500.20;
found 500.23. HPLC retention time: 1.24 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 116
Example 116, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(2-pyrrolidinon-lyl)-
thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-((2-pyrrolidinon-lyl)-
thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C28H27N6O5S2: 559.18; found 559.11. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column
E).
EXAMPLE 117
Example 117, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methoxy-pyrimidin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyM-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
501.19; found 501.12. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column E).
EXAMPLE 118
Example 118, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(pyrrol-l-yl)-
pyrimidin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(pyrrol-l-yl)-
pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
4: 536.20; found 536.33. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 119
Example 119, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the pyrimidin-4-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-raethoxy-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.29 (s, IH), 8.88 (d, IH, / =
5.4 Hz), 8.48 (d, IH, /= 5.25 Hz), 8.26 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.13 (s,
3H), 3.85 - 3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O4: 471.18; found
471.32. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 120
Example 119, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the pyridazin-3-yl
stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyridazin-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.16 (s, IH), 8.77 (d, IH, 7 =
8.5 Hz), 8.26 (d, IH, /= 3.05 Hz), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.68 (m, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.13 (s,
3H), 3.85 - 3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O4:471.18; found
471.16. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 125
Example 125, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the pyrimidin-4-yl stannane
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-fluoro-7-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. *H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.36 (s, IH), 8.96 (d, IH, / =
5.35 Hz), 8.58 (d, IH, / = 5.10 Hz), 8.43 (s, IH), 8.38 (s, 1H)S 7.43 (m, 5H), 3.85 -
3.47 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H2oFN6O2: 459.16; found 459.15.
HPLC retention time: 1.48 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 126
Example 126, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to
provide (R)-1 -benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(oxazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O4: 444.17; found
444.25. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 131
Example 131, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the thiazol-2-yl stannane
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(thiazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2oN5O3S: 446.13; found 446.04. HPLC retention time:
1.12 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 80
Preparation of Example 80, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-thioazol-5-
yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of Example 78 (9 mg), TFA (3
mL) and water (1 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 10 hours. After solvent was removed
under vaccum, the residue was purified by using silica gel chromatography to afford
l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-amino-thioazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine (3 mg); MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^aNeOsS: 491.15;
found 491.21. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 81
Example 81, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the furan-3-yl stannane to
provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(furan-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O5: 459.17; found
459.24. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 150
Example 150, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 5-amino-pyrazin-2-yl
stannane to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-melByl-4-[(7-(5-amino-pvrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS ni/z: (M+H) Calc'd for CasEkityOs: 470.19; found
470.19. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 153
Example 153, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 2-amino-pyrirnidin-5-yl
stannane to provide (U)-l-benzoyl-3-memyl^[(7-(2-amino-pyrirnidin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mix: (M+H) Calc'd for
470.19; found 470.22. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 170
COOH
Example 170, was prepared from Precursor 5f and the 4-borono-bezoic acid to
provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(hydoxylcarbonyl-benzen-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS in/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagH^Os: 497.18; found
497.10. HPLC retention time: 1.25 minutes (column H).
EXAMPLE 171
Example 171, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-
yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methyl-pyrirnidin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
485.19; found 485.20. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 172
Example 172, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 5-indole boronic acid to
provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(iQdol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H25N6O4: 509.19; found
509.33. HPLC retention time: 1. 14 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 173
Example 173, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the thiazol-4-yl stannane to
provide 1-picolinoyl -4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H2iN6O4S: 477.13; found
477.06. HPLC retention time: 0.92 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 174
Example 174, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the thiazol-4-yl stannane
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-4-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H22N5O4S: 476.14; found
476.13. HPLC retention time: 1.12 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 175
Example 175, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(Ndietiiylandnoethyl-
N-methyl)aniinopyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(2-(N-diethylarrdnoemyl-N-methyl)amhiopyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C32H39N8O4: 599.31; found
599.29. HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column G).
EXA1VDPLE176
Example 176, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(Ndirnethylaminoethyl-
N-methyl)aminopyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-o^emylaininoemyl-N-memyl)arnmopyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3oH35N8O4: 571.28; found
571.23. HPLC retention time: 1.06 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 177
Example 177, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(N-piperazinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-piperazinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
C29H3iN8O4:555.25; found 555.19. HPLC retention time: 1.05 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 178
Example 178, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(4-morpholinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(4-morpholinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
5: 556.23; found 556.18. HPLC retention time: 1.27 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 179
Example 179, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-ethylaminopyrazin-5-
yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-ethylaminopyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'
515.22; found 515.14. HPLC retention time: 1.13 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 180
Example 1 80, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-methylpyrazin-5-yl
stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methylpyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C^HiM^CU: 486.19; found
486.16. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 181
Example 181, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-cyclopropanylpyrazin-
5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-cyclopropanylpyrazm-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]pipera2ine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
: 512.20; found 512.12. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 182
Example 182, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl
stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-methoxy-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd
502.18; found 502.08. HPLC retention time: 1.15 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 183
Example 183, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-benzofuran boronic
acid to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C28H24N5O5: 510.18; found
510.08. HPLC retention time: 1.33 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 184
Example 184, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-
diethylaminocarbonyl-pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-
7-(2-dieraylaminocarbonyl-pyrazm-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagHsiNgOs: 571.24; found 571.19. HPLC retention time:
1.55 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 185
Example 185, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the 2-(N-pyrrolinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-(N-pyrrolinyl)-
pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for
C2gH29NgO4: 541.23; found 541.18. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 186
Example 186, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the quinoxalin-2-yl
stannane to provide l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(quinoxakin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C28H24NO4: 522.19; found
522.14. HPLC retention time: 1.68 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 194
Example 194, was prepared from Precursor 5v and the pyrazin-2-yl stannane
to provide 2-methyl-l-picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS /n/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsHjwNyO 486.19; found
486.14. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column G).
Precursor 5i (16.5 mg, 0.05 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was treated with Nbenzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride, DEBPT (15 mg, 0.05 mmol) and Hunig's base (34
jjiL, 0.2 mmol) at rt for 18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was
purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right
LC/MSOBS*) m/z (M+H)+ = 501 were collected, concentrated and purified again
using a preparative TLC (5% MeOH/CHzQa) to afford the title compound as a white
solid. 'H-NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 8 11.2 (s, IH), 10.0 (s, IH), 9.21 (s, 1 H), 8.51 (s,
IH), 8.41 (s, IH), 8.40 (m, 1 H), 8.32 (s, IH), 7.62 (m, IH), 7.45 (m, 5H), 3.90-3.50
(bm, 8H).
EXAMPLE 156
Example 156, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 4,4-dimethyloxazoIin-
2-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(4,4-dimethyloxazolin-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor CayE
490.22. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column C).
: 490.21; found
EXAMPLE 169
Example 169, was prepared from Precursor 5b and the 2-(4-
pyridinecarboxamido)-thiazol-5-yl stannane to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(7-(2-(4-
pyridinecarboxamido)-thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yI)-oxoacetyl]piperazrae. MSm/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for CsoHaeNyOsS: 596.17; found 596.14. HPLC retention time: 1.32
minutes (column C).
EXAMPLES 82-86,98,107.108.129,130,132,133,134
Examples 82-86, 98, 107,108, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133 and 134 were
prepared according to the general procedure as previously described for Examples 2-
14.
EXAMPLE 82
Example 82, was prepared from Precursor 5b and thien-2-yl boronic acid to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHasNS: 475.14; found
475.31. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 83
Example 83, was prepared from Precursor 5b and thien-2-yl boronic acid to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiophen-3-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O4S: 475.14; found
475.33. HPLC retention time: 1.16 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 84
Example 84, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 5-carbonylthien-2-yl
boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-carbonyl-thiophen-2-yl)-6-
azamdol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
503.14; found 503.23. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 85
Example 76, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 5-carbonylfuran-2-yl
boronic acid to provide l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-carbonyl-furan-2-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'
487.16; found 487.28. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 86
Example 86, was prepared from Precursor 5d and 4-methylthien-2-yl boronic
acid to provide l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHasN^aS: 473.16; found
473.26. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 98
Example 98, was prepared from Precursor 5d and 2-benzofuranyl boronic acid
to provide 1 -benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-4-azamdol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8.24 (s, IH), 8.09 (s, IH), 7.70-
7.26 (m, 10H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.97 - 3.49 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
5: 509.18; found 509.18. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 107
Example 107, was prepared from Precursor 5m and 2-benzofuranyl boronic
acid to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. !HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.77 - 7.38 (m, 12H), 4.99 -
3.16 (m, 7H), 1.44 - 1.27 (m, 3H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaB^NsC* 494.18;
found 494.24. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 108
Example 108, was prepared from Precursor 5n and 2-benzofuranyl boronic
acid to provide (S)-l-picolinoyl-3-methyl-4-[(7-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H24N5O4: 494.18; found
494.23. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 127
Example 127, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the benzotbiophen-2-yl
boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(benzothiophen-2-yl)-4-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd
509.16; found 509.21. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 128
Example 128, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the tbiophen-2-yl boronic
acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(thiophen-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CisEbWsS: 459.15; found
459.27. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 129
Example 129, was prepared from Precursor 5i and the thiophen-3-yl boronic
acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(thiophen-3-yl)-4-azalndol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS ni/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CasHNS: 459.15; found
459.34. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 130
Example 130, was prepared from Precursor 5i and me 2,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-
4-yl boronic acid to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-3-Methyl-4-[7-(2,5-dimethyl-isoxazol-4-
yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
472.20; found 472.28. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 132
Example 132, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 2-methylcarbonylthiophen-
5-yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(2-methylcarbonyl-thiophen-5-
yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazine. MS nz/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd
487.14; found 487.20. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 133
Example 133, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 2-carbonyI-thiophen-5-
yl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(2-carbonyl-thiophen-5-yl)-4-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H2iN4O4S: 473.13; found
473.11. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column A).
EXAMPLE 134
Example 134, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the 4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl
boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N4O3S: 459.15; found
459.08. HPLC retention time: 1.26 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 152
Preparation of Example 152:
To a mixture of acid precursor 16 (30 mg, 68 pimol), 3-aminopyridine (26 mg, 0.27
mmol) and DMAP (50 mg, 0.41 mmol) was added THF (2 ml), and then EDC (60
mg, 0.31 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16
hours. The LC/MS analysis indicated that the major product was the activated ester.
The reaction mixture was then added into a DMF (2 ml) solution of 3-aminopyridine
(400 mg, 4.25 mmol) and stirred at ambient temperature for 16 hours. After addition
of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by preparative reverse phase
HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound using the method: Start %B =30,
Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 25 min, How Rate = 25 ml/rnin, Column: YMC CIS
5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 10.41 - 11.08 min. JH NMR: (DMSO- 13.04 (s, 1H), 11.17 (s, 1H),.9.17 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.35 (m, 3H), 7.44 (b s, 6H),
3.75 - 3.37 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 517, 519; HPLC Rt = 1.653.
EXAMPLE 143
Prep of Example 143:
To a mixture of precursor 5q (31 mg, 65 |J,mol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (20 mg, 17 nmol) was
added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and ii (30 mg, 78 jxmol). The reaction mixture was heated
in a sealed tube at 145°C for 4 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature, the
reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified
by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the tide compound using
the method: Start %B = 25, Final %B = 90, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25
ml/min, Column : YMC C18 Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.14 - 11.92
min. XH NMR: (DMSO-d 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 7.44 (b s, 2H), 3.75 - 3.37 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+)
m/z (M+H)+ = 490, 492; HPLC Rt = 2.250.
EXAMPLE 149
Preparation of Example 49:
To a suspension of compound of Example 143 (12 mg, 24 nmol) in sulfuric acid (5%,
2 ml), was charged sodium nitrite (22 mg, 0.32 mol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture
was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes and then at ambient temperature for 1 hour. After
addition of MeOH (4 ml), the reaction mixture was purified by preparative reverse
phase HPLC to give a TFA solvate of title compound using the method: Start %B =
20, Final %B = 85, Gradient time = 15 min, Flow Rate = 25 ml/min, Column : YMC
CIS 5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 10.67- 11.36 min. JH NMR: (DMSOdg)
d 12.62 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s,
5H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 491, 493; HPLC Rt =
Preparation of Example 144:
To a mixture of precursor 5q (50 mg, 105 jimol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (50 mg, 43 fimol) was
added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and iii (77 mg, 210 jimol). The reaction mixture was
339
heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature,
the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was
purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound of using
the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25
ml/min, Column : YMC CIS 5um 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.80 - 12.31
min. XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8 9.32 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 2H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 7.47
(b s, 5H), 4.00 - 3.44 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, 477; HPLC Rt =
1.833.
EXAMPLE 87
Preparation of Example 87, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxycarbonylfuran-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: A mixture of the compound of
Example 85 (19 mg), NaClO2 (9.2 mg) in a mixed solution of CH3CN (3 mL) and
water (0.5 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After the reaction was
quenched by IN NaOH solution (1 ml), the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether
(3 x 10 mL). The aqueous phase was acidified with IN HC1 to give a yellow solid
precipitate (5mg) which was the product shown. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
503.16; found 503.19. HPLC retention time: 1.37 minutes (column A).
General Procedure of Converting -NH2 Group to -NHCOR Group
Preparation of Example 99, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-acetylaminopyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-
amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI]piperazine (4mg) and acetic
anhydride (20mg) were dissolved in pyridine (0.5ml). The reaction was stirred for
three hours at room temperature. After reaction was quenched with MeOH (1ml),
solvents were concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu
automated preparative HPLC System to provide 3.0 mg of the desired compound, 1-
(benzoyI)^-[(4-memoxy-7-(2-acetylamino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 89.58 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 1H), 8.45
(s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.84 - 3.35 (m, 8H), 2.27 (s, 3H).
MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H26N7O5: 528.20; found 528.22. HPLC retention
time: 1.33 minutes (column A).
General Procedure of Converting -NH2 Group to -OH Group
Preparation of Example 97, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrazin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-
amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (15 mg) and NaNC^ (10
mg) was added into a I^SCU solution (O.lml of concentrated EbSCU diluted with 0.3
ml of water). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for one hour. Then, the
reaction mixture was neutralized with a saturated NaaCOa solution (10 ml). The
solvents were concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu
automated preparative HPLC System to provide 4.2mg of the desired compound, 1-
(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. !H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.55 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 8.31
(s, IH), 8.01 (s, IH), 7.49 (m, 5H), 4.12 (s, 3H), 3.84 - 3.64 (m, 8H). MS mlz: '
(M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H23N6O5:487.17; found 487.22. HPLC retention time: 1.13
minutes (column A).
This general procedure is applied to prepare examples 121,122,123,124,155,
157, and 162.
EXAMPLE 121
Example 121, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrazin-
6-yl)-6-azaindoI-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS jnlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
: 471.18; found 471.17. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 121-2
Example 121-2, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-4-
oxo-pyrazin-6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine was isolated during the
preparation of Example 121. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CHNeOs: 487.17; found
487.17. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 122
Example 122, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyridin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
4:470.18; found 470.17. HPLC retention time: 1.03 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 123
Example 123, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyridin-
6-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+Calc'dfor
: 470.18; found 470.14. HPLC retention time: 1.28 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 124
Example 124, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-hydroxylpyridin-
2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
4:470.18; found 470.13. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes (column G).
Preparation of Example 138
Preparation of Example 138, l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methylpyrazin-
2-on-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: l-(benzoyl)-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-
hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine (6mg), Mel (5mg) and
ICjCOs (4 mg)were dissolved in acetone (5 ml). The reaction was stirred for four
hours at room temperature. After solid was filtered away, the mother liquid was
concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated
preparative HPLC System to provide 3.0 mg of the desked compound, l-(benzoyl)-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(l-methylpyrazin-2-on-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H25N6O5: 501.19; found 501.14. HPLC retention
time: 1.08 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 139
Precursor 4i was dissolved hi DMF (2 ml), and to which AT-benzoyI-(/?)-
methylpiperazine hydrochloride (0.092 g, 0.45 mmol) and 3-
(diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-l,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3/0-one (DEPBT, 0.180 g, 0.60
mmol) were added, followed by propylethylamine (0.15 ml, 0.87 mmol):
The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at r.t., and then the volatile evaporated under
high vacuum. Water was added to the mixture to induce precipitation, and the solids
were filtered and dried in vacua. Purification of the crude solid by preparative thin
layer chromatography (5% MeOH/ CHCk), and subsequent washing with ether gave
the title compound; 1R NMR: (CDC13) 5 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H)
7.84 (s, 1H), 7.44 (b s, 5H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 5.00-3.00 (b m, 7H), 1.45-1.20 (b s, 3H);
LOMS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 521, 523; HPLC Rt = 1.677.
Preparation of N-linked Azaindole Heterocylic Derivatives from the
Corresponding Bromide or Chloride. An example of a typical procedure:
A general reaction condition is shown with the preparation of example 187.
Other analogs, examples 188 - 193, were preparaed via the same reaction
condition.
EXAMPLE 187
Preparation of compound of Example 187: Precursor 5b (30 mg), 1,2,4-triazole
(145 mg), Cu (4.4 mg) and K2CO3 (9.6 mg) were combined in a sealed tube which
was degassed before being sealed. The mixture was heated to 160°C for 8 hours.
After being allowed to cool down to ambient temperature, the mixture was diluted
with MeOH (14 ml) and dichloromethane (7 ml). After filtration, the filtrate was
concentrated to give a residue which was purified using a Shimadzu automated
preparative HPLG System to provide 12.9 mg of the desired compound 187, 1-
berizoyM-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine.
MS m/z: (M+H)+: 460.17; found 460.33. HPLC retention
time: 1.45 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 188 and EXAMPLE 188A
Example 188 and 188A, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-triazole to provide Example 188
and Example 188A.
Precursor 5z (0.050 g), 0.050g Cu powder, 0.025g K2CO3 and 6 equivalents of 1,2,3
triazole were heated at 150C for 16 hrs. The reaction was allow to cool to ambient
temperature and was dissolved in MeOH and purified by Prep HPLC as described
above in the general methods to provide Example 188 (0.023 7g brown solid,yield
44%) and the the other isomer Example 188a.
Example 188, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H22N7O4: 460.17; found
460.34. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column J); 1.29 minutes (column L). JH
NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 68.86 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 7.97 (m, 2H), 7.48 (b, 5H),
4.08 (s, 3H), 3.89-3.56 (m, 8H).
Example 188A, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l)2,3-triazol-2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H22N7O4:460.17; found
460.34. HPLC retention time: 1.39 minutes (column J). JH NMR (500 MHz,
CD3OD) 88.32 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7,45 (b, 7H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.30 (m, 8H).
EXAMPLE 189
Example 189, was prepared from Precursor 5b and pyrazole to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l-pyrazolyl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H23N6O4: 459.18; found 459.01. HPLC retention time:
0.92 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 190
Example 190, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-methylpyrazole to
>
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CizsEfoNeCU: 473.19; found
473.09. HPLC retention time: 1.49 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 191
Example 191, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-methylpyrazole to
provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(4-methylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS tn/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N6O4:473.19; found
473.09. HPLC retention time: 1.52 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 192
Example 192, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-trifluoromethylpyrazole
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-trifluoromethylpvrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS miz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor CasEfoFaNeC: 527.17; found
527.09. HPLC retention time: 1.64 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 193
Example 193, was prepared from Precursor 5b and imidazole to provide 1-
benzoyl-^[(4-methoxy-7-(l-irnidazolyl)-6-azaiiidol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H23N6O4: 459.18; found 459.26. HPLC retention time:
1.22 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 140
The title compound was prepared according to general procedures described before
(Sn-coupling). H NMR: 8.41 (m, 1H); 8.33(m, 1H); 8.16(m, 1H); 7.53(m, 1H);
7.47(bs, 5H); 3.97-3.54(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(m+H)+ = 448, Rt = 1.28min.
EXAMPLE 141
The tide compound was prepared according to general procedures described before
(Sn-coupling). ^H-NMR: 9.71-9.70(m, 1H); 8.80-8.79(m, 1H); 8.66-8.42(m, 2H);
8.41-8.35(m, 2H); 7.99-7.92(m,lH), 7.69-7.53(m, 1H); 7.48-7.44(m, 1H); 5.05-
EXAMPLE 144
Preparation of Example 144:
To a mixture of precursor 5q (50 rag, 105 pnol) and Pd(PPhs)4 (50 mg, 43 jjmol) was
added 1,4-dioxane (1 ml) and iii (77 mg, 210 umol). The reaction mixture was
heated in a sealed tube at 145°C for 16 hours. After cooling to ambient temperature,
the reaction mixture was added MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was
purified by reverse phase HPLC to give the TFA salt of the title compound of using
the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 20 min, Flow Rate = 25
ml/min, Column : YMC CIS Sum 20 x 100mm, Fraction Collection: 11.80 - 12.31
min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 9.32 (s, 1H), 9.25 (s, 2H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.44 (s, 1H), 7.47
(b s, 5H), 4.00 - 3.44 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, 477; HPLC Rt =
1.833.
The title compound was prepared following the procedure described before for
example 146 and precursor 4k. JH NMR: 8.35-8.33(m, 2H); 8.11(s, 1H); 7.89(s, 1H);
7.43(bs, 5H); 3.89-3.49(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 448. Rt = l.lSmin.
Precursor 4m (0.26 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with Nbenzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride (59 mg, 0.26 mmol), DEBPT (79 mg, 0.26 mmol)
and Hunig's base ( 90 pL, 0.52 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at it for
18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was purified by reverse
phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right LC/MS:(ES+) m/z (M+H)+
= 449 were collected, concentrated and purified again using a preparative TLC (5%
MeOH/CH2Cl2) to afford the title compound as a white solid. JH-NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 5 10.7 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 3.9-3.5
(bm, 8H).
The titie compound was prepared from precursor 4n using the same coupling
conditions described for the last step of the preparation of precursor 5i. H NMR:
8.82(m, 1H); 8.48-8.45(m, 1H); 8.37-8.33(m, 1H); 8.26-8.23(m, 1H); 7.47(bs, 5H);
3.97-3.54(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES) m/z(m+H)+ = 447 Rt = 0.94min.
EXAMPLE 151
Example 151, was prepared from Precursor 51 and the thiazol-5-yl stannane to
provide 1 -picolinoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(thiazol-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine. MS 771/2: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C23H2iN6O4S: 477.13; found
477.13. BDPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 154
The tide compound was prepared according to general procedures described before
(Sn-coupling). ^-NMR: 9.23-9.22 (m, 1H); 8.83-8.8l(m, 1H); 8.43 (m, 1H); 8.36
(m, 1H); 7.75-7.73 (m,lH), 7.44 (bs, 5H); 3.85-3.49 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 459. Rt = 1.39min.
EXAMPLE 155
Example 155, l-(benzoyl)-[(4-metaoxy-7-(2-hydroxyl-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS nz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'
487.17; found 487.14. HPLC retention time: 1.30 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 157
Example 157, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin-
2-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
4: 471.18; found 471.16. HPLC retention time: 1.09 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 161
Example 161 was prepared from precursor 5p and 3-phenyl-5-tributylstannyl-
1,2,3-triazole using the general tin coupling procedure provided earlier: *H
NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) 8 9.67 (s, IH), 8.81 (s, IH), 8.72 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, IH), 8.25
(d, / = 6.1 Hz, IH), 8.00 (dd, / = 8.2, 1.8 Hz, IH), 7.68 (dd, J = 8.2, 7.4 Hz, 2H),
7.60 (tt, J = 7.4, 1.8 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (br s, 5H), 4.04-3.46 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+
calcd for CagHOs: 506.19; found 506.15. HPLC retention time: 1.21 minutes
(XTERRA C18 S7 3.0 x 50 mm)).
EXAMPLE 162
Example 162, (R)-l-(benzoyl)-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxylpyrimidin-
5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calcd for
4: 471.18; found 471.13. HPLC retention time: 0.95 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 163
To a solution of precursor 5q (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in DMF (1 ml) was added CuCN
(30 mg, 0.335 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 170°C for 30 min. After
cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was diluted with MeOH (15
ml), filtered under gravity, and the filtrate evaporated in vacua to afforded a brownish
residue which is a cyanoprecursor. To the residue in DMF (1 ml) was added sodium
azide (61 mg, 0.95 mmol) and ammonium chloride (50 mg, 0.95 mmol). The mixture
was heated at 90°C for one hour. The reaction mixture was then diluted with MeOH
(4 ml), filtered, and the filtrate purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the
method: Start %B = 20, Final %B = 80, Gradient time = 15 min, Flow Rate = 40
ml/min, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 um 30 x 100 mm, Fraction Collection: 11.26 -
11.71 min- The material was homogenous by JH NMR and HPLC, although the mass
spectrum indicated an extra peak at (M+H)+ = 431; JH NMR: (CD3OD) 8.41 (s,
1H), 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 3.97 - 3.47 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+
= 465,467; HPLC Rt= 1.937
EXAMPLE 164
Example 164, was prepared from Precursor 5a and the 4-
hydroxycarbonylphenyl boronic acid to provide l-benzoyl-4-[7-(4-
hydroxycarbonylphenyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)"1"
Calc'd for C28H25N4O5: 497.18; found 497.22. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes
(column C).
Compound of Example 165 was prepared in a similar manner to compound of
Example 143 starting with precursor 5r, but at 125°C for 22 hours and purification by
preparative thin layer chromatography (4% MeOH/CH2Cl2). JH NMR: (CDC13) 8
11.85 (s, 1H), 9.91 (d, / = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.70 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (dd, / = 1.6, 2.6
Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.35 (d, / = 3.1 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (b m, 2H), 3.56 (b m, 4H), 3.53
(b m, 2H), 1.48 (s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+=471,473; HPLC Rt = 1.690.
Precursor 4m (0.098 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (1 mL) and treated with N-[5-(2-
Bromofuroyl)]piperazine hydrochloride (30 mg, 0.098 mmol), DEBPT (60 mg, 0.19
mmol) and Hunig's base (70 pL, 0.19 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at
rt for 18h. The solvent was removed in vacuum and the residue was purified by
reverse phase preparative HPLC. The fractions showing the right LC/MS:(ES+) m/z
(M-f-H)"1" = 518,520 were collected, concentrated and purified again using a
preparative TLC (5% MeOH/CH2Cl2) to afford the title compound as a white solid.
'H-NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 10.7 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1 H), 8.40 (s, 1H),
7.06 (d, 7=3.4 Hz, 1H), 6.46 06 (d, 7=3.4 Hz, 1H), 3.90-3.66 (bm, 8H).
EXAMPLE 168
Example 168, l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-mienylcarbonyl)-4-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine, was prepared from a reaction l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methyl-4-
[(7-(memoxymemylamino)carbonyl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and 2-
thienyl lithium by using the same procedure for the preapartion of 1-64, l-benzoyl-3-
(R)-methyl-4-[(7-(2-propynyl)carbonyl-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H23N4O4S: 487.14; found 487.11. HPLC retention time:
1.31 minutes (column A).
General procedure for the preparation ofpiperazine amides or carbamides:
The free nitrogen atom ofpiperazine could be masked as amides or
carbamides via reactions ofpiperazine with acyl halides, acyl acids or acyl halo
formates, which are shown in the following schemes 80 and 81.
Example 195-199 were prepared via a procedure demonstrated in Scheme 80. The
typical procedure is presented in the synthesis of Example 195.
EXAMPLE 195
360
Example 195: Precursor 5u (40 mg), pyrazine carbonyl chloride (50 mg) and
(0.2 g) were combined in 1 ml of THF. After the reaction was stirred at
room temperature for 16 h, the mixture was concentrated in vacua to give a residue
which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to
provide the desired compound 195 (4.7 mg). MS mfz.: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C23H2iN8O4: 473.17; found 473.42. HPLC retention time: 1.14 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 196
Example 196, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 4-isoxazole carbonyl
chloride. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for C22H2oN7O5: 462.15; found 462.41. HPLC
retention lime: 1.09 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 197
Example 197, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 4-(l,2,3-thiodiazole)-
carbonyl chloride. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iHi9N8O4S: 479.12; found 479.31.
HPLC retention time: 1.17 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 198
Example 198, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 5-(3-amino-1,2,4-
triazole)-carbonyl chloride. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C2iH21N10O4:477.17; found
477.36. HPLC retention time: 0.97 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 199
Example 199, was prepared from Precursor 5u and propanyl chloro formate.
MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C22H25N6O5: 453.19; found 453.17. HPLC retention
time: 1.53 minutes (column M).
Example 200 - 201 were prepared via a procedure demonstrated in Scheme 81. The
typical procedure is presented in the synthesis of Example 200.
EXAMPLE 200
Example 200: 3-methyl-2-picolinic acid (140 mg), EDAC (190 mg)
pentafluorophenol (180 mg) were combined in DMF, and, the reaction v/as stirred for
12 hours. Precursor 3u was then added and resulted mixture was stirred at room
temperature for another 16 hours. Solvents were removed in vacua to give a residue
which was purified using a Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to
provide the desired compound 200 (28 mg). MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
4: 486.19; found 486. 14. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 201
Example 201, was prepared from Precursor 5u and 6-methyl-2-picolinic acid.
MS m/z: (M+H Calc'd for CygfaNiOj: 486.19; found 486.28. HPLC retention
time: 1.44 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 202
Example 202, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the ethyl pyrazol-5-yl
stannane carboxylate to provide 5-{3-[2-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]-
lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-7-yl}-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. MS m/z:
(M+H) Calc'd for C26H25N6O5: 501.18; found 501.13. HPLC retention time: 1.14
minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 203
Example 202, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the benzofuran-2-yl
stannane to provide l-(7-benzofuran-2-yl-lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)-2-(4-
benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione. MS m/z: (M+H)'1" Calc'
479.16; found 479.07. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 204
Example 204, was prepared from Precursor 5p and the oxazol-2-yl stannane to
provide 1 -benzoyl-4-[7-(oxazol-2-yl)-4-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
rnJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C23H2oN5O4: 430.14; found 430.07. HPLC retention time:
2.08 minutes (column E, 10 minute gradient).
EXAMPLE 205 and EXAMPLE 206
Example 205 and 206. In a sealed tube -(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-
chloro-lH-pyrrolop-bJpyridin-S-yO-ethane-l-dione (30 mg, 0.076 mmol), IH-
1,2,3-triazole (160 mg, 2.3 mmol), Cu (0) (10 mg, 0.16 mmol) and K2C03 (11 mg,
0.080 mmol) were heated at 160° C for 16h. The reaction mixture was diluted with
MeOH, filtered through celite and concentrated. The reaction mixture was diluted
with MeOH, filtered through celite and concentrated. The residue was purified by
preparative HPLC to provide l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-[l,2,3]triazol-2-yllH-
pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridm-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione: JH NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5
8.79 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.79 (s, IH), 8.48 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.40 (s, 2H), 7.48 (br
s, 5H), 4.00-3.55 (m, 8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oN7O3: 430.15; found
430.29. HPLC retention time 0.91 min (Column G); and l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l365
yl)-2^7-[l,2,3]triazol-l-yl4H-pyTTolo[3,2-b]pyridin-3-yl)-ethane-l,2KUone:1HNMR
(300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.97 (d, J = 61.2 Hz, IH), 8.70 (d, / = 5.6 Hz, IH), 8.48 (s,
IH), 8.06 (d, J= 1.2 Hz, IH), 7.80 (d, / = 5.6 Hz, IH), 7.47 (br s, 5H), 4.00- 3.45 (m,
8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C22H2oN7O3: 430.15; found 430.29. HPLC
retention time 0.90 min (Column G).
EXAMPLE 207
Example 207, was prepared as in Example 205 from Precursor 5p and 1,2,4-
triazole to provide l-(4-benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl-lHpyrrolo[
3,2-b]pyridrn-3-yl)-ethane-l,2-dione. H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 9.73
(s, IH), 8.82 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, IH), 8.77 (s, IH), 8.55 (s, IH), 8.32 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, IH),
7.48 (br s, 5H), 4.00- 3.45 (m, 8H). MS m/z (M+H)+ calcd for C^oNyCb: 430. 15;
found 430.27. HPLC retention time 0.87 min (Column G).
EXAMPLE 208
Example 208, was prepared as in Example 205 from Precursor 5p and pyrazole to
provide l-(4-Benzoyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-(7-pyrazol-l-yl-lH-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridiri-3-
yl)-emane-l,2-dione. :H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.87 (d, / = 2.7 Hz, IH), 8.70
(s, 1H), 8.68 (d, / = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, / = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.14 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, 1H),
7.48 (br s, 5H), 6.85 (dd, 7= 2.7,1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.00- 3.50 (m, 8H). MS 7?z/z (M+H)+
calcd for C23H2iN6O3: 429.16; found 429.23. HPLC retention time 0.87 min
(Column G).
EXAMPLE 209
The compound of Example 209 was prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5i and pyrazol-3-carboxylic ethyl ester-5-
tributyltin prepared as described in the following reference: Heterocycles, 1992,
33(2), 813-18. After cooling to ambient temperature, the reaction mixture was
concentrated in vacuum. The residue was filtered through filter paper and washed
with methanol. The resulting yellow solid was dried in air to provide Compound X;
H NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.33 (s, 1H); 8.31 (s, 1H); 7.66 (s, 1H); 7.46-7.39 (m,
5H); 4.47-4.42 (q, 2H); 3.98-3.45 (m, 8H); 1.43-1.40 (t, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 519. Rt = 1.43min.
EXAMPLES 210-213
General procedure for the preparation of Examples 210-213
The compound of Example 209 was treated with an excess (5eq.) of the
corresponding amine and stirred in a sealed tube at ambient temperature or 70°C (R =
NEb) for 20hr. The resulting solution was concentrated on a rotary evaporator and
purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC.
EXAMPLES 210 and 214
Compounds of Example 210 and 214 were prepared from compound of Example 209
and ammonium hydroxide following the procedure described above. XI a: H NMR
(500MHz, CD3OD3): 8.40-8.37 (m, IH); 8.28-8.27 (m, IH); 7.58-7.39 (m, 6H); 3.97-
3.43 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 490. Rt = 1.14min. Xlb: 8.43 (s, IH);
8.29 (s, IH); 7.56 (s, IH); 7.45-7.55 (m, 5H); 3.99-3.45 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 491. Rt = 1.12min.
EXAMPLE 211
The compound od Example 211 was prepared from the compound of Example 209
and methylamine following the procedure described above. H NMR (500MHz,
CD3OD3): 8.43 (s, IH); 8.31 (s, IH); 7.49 (bs, 5H); 7.45 (s, IH) 3.97-3.48 (m, 8H);
2.97 (s, 3H). LCMS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 504. Rt = 1.31min.
EXAMPLE 212
The compound of example 212 was prepared from the compound of example 209 and
dimethylamine following the procedure described above. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)
= 518.Rt=122min.
COMPOUND 213
The compound of Example 213 was prepared from the compound of Example 209
and N-aminoethylmorpholine following the procedure described above. H NMR
(500MHz, CD3OD3): 8.41 (s, 1H); 8.31 (s, 1H); 7.52-7.49 (m, 6H); 4.19-3.20 (m,
20H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 603. Rt = 1.03min.
COMPOUNDS OF EXAMPLES 215-222
General procedure for the preparation of compounds of Examples 215-222
A mixture of precursor 5i, 30 equivalents of the corresponding amine, 1 equivalent of
copper powder and 1 equivalent of potassium carbonate was heated at 160°C for 4-
7hr in a sealed tube. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered
through filter paper. The filtrate was diluted with methanol and purified by
preparative HPLC.
EXAMPLE 215
Example 215 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,4-triazole following the
procedure described above. rH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11,15 (bs, IH); 9.28 (s, IH);
8.33-8.34 (m, IH); 8.22 (s, IH); 8.10 (s, IH); 7.46-7.42 (m, 5H); 3.90-3.48 (m, 8H).
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 448. Rt = 1.21min.
EXAMPLE 216
Example 216 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,3-triazole following the
procedure described above. JH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.16 (bs, IH); 8.75 (s, IH);
8.37-8.37 (s, IH); 8.15 (s, IH); 7.92 (s, IH); 7.43 (bs, 5H); 3.99-3.48 (m, 8H).
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 448. Rt = 1.28min.
EXAMPLE 217
Example 217 was prepared from precursor 5i and 1,2,3-triazole following the
procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.12 (bs, IH); 8.78-8.77
(m, IH); 8.37-8.36 (m, IH); 8.02-8.0 (m, 2H); 7.45- 7.41 (m, 5H); 4.11-3.45 (m, 8H).
LC/MS: (ES*) m/z (M+H) + = 448. Rt = l.OSmin.
EXAMPLE 218
Example 218 was prepared from precursor 5i and imidazole following the procedure
described above. JH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 13.35 (bs, IH); 9.49 (s, IH); 8.35-8.30
(m, IH); 8.20 (s, IH); 7.97 (s, IH); 7.56-7.53 (m, IH); 7.46-7.41 (m, 5H); 3.98-3.40
(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt =1.25min.
EXAMPLE 219
Example 219 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrazole following the procedure
described above. 1R NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.52 (bs, IH); 8.65-8.64 (m, IH);
8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.05-8.04 (m, IH); 7.81-7.80 (m, IH); 7.50- 7.35 (m, 5H); 6.54-
6.53 (m, IH); 4.01- 3.47 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt = 1.25min.
EXAMPLE 220
Example 220 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrrole following the procedure
described above. !H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.33-8.29 (m, 2H); 7.49-7.40 (m,
5H); 7.38-7.37 (m, 2H); 6.42-6.41 (m, 2H); 3.91-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) ra/z
(M+H)+ = 446. Rt = 1.34min.
EXAMPLE 221
Example 221 was prepared from precursor 5i and pyrrolidine following the procedure
described above. 1E NMR"(300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.37 (s, 1H); 7.61-7.59 (m, 1H);
7.51-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.08-3.23 (m, 12H); 2.25-2.15 (m, 4H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)
+ = 450.Rt = 0.89min.
EXAMPLE 222
Compound of example 222 was prepared from precursor 5i and morpholine following
the procedure described above. 1R NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.38 (s, 1H); 7.86-7.84
(m, 1H); 4.14-3.25 (m, 16H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) + = 466. Rt = 0.988min.
Preparation of Precursor 5w:
To a mixture of 2u (2.0 g, 7.3 mmol) and CuCN (1.0 g, 11 mmol) was added DMF
(20 ml). The reaction mixture was heated at 150°C for 1 hour. After cooling to room
temperature, the reaction mixture was added NaOMe (20 ml, 25 wL % solution in
MeOH), and was heated at 110°C for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature,
the reaction mixture was poured into an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate (sat.
500 ml). The resulting mixture was filtered through a short Celite® pad. The filtrate
was extracted with EtOAc (500 ml x 4). The combined extracts were dried over
MgSC>4 and evaporated in vacua to give a brownish residue, which was triturated
with MeOH (5 ml x 3) to provide precursor 2v as a yellow solid (317 mg, 25%). The
structure was supported by NOE experiments. H NMR: (DMSO-^j) 12.47 (s, 1H),
8.03 (s, 1H), 7.65 (t, / = 2.8, 1H), 6.70 (dd, / = 2.8, 1.8, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H); LC/MS:
(ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 174; HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.320.
Preparation of Precursor 3h:
To l-ethyl-3-methylimidazoh'um chloride (85 mg, 0.58 mmol) in a capped vial was
quickly added aluminum chloride (231 mg, 1.73 mmol). The mixture was vigorously
stirred at room temperature until the formation of the ionic liquid. After cooling to
room temperature, the ionic liquid was added compound 2v (50 mg, 0.29 mmol) and
ethyl chlorooxoacetate (0.2 ml, 1.79 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at
room temperature for three hours, cooled to 0°C and quenched by carefully adding
ice-water (15 ml). The precipitates were filtered, washed with water (5 ml x 3) and
dried in vacua to give 3h as a grayish yellow solid (50 mg, 63%). H NMR: (DMSOdf)
13.73 (s, lH), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 4.35 (q, 7 = 7.0, 2H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 1.29
(t, 7 = 7.0, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 274; HPLC (alternate conditions B,
column G)Rj = 1.527.
Preparation of Precursor 4p:
To a mixture of 3h (200 mg, 0.73 mmol) hi MeOH (1 ml) was added NaOH (2.5 ml,
IN aqueous). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes,
and then acidified with hydrochloric acid (IN, ~3 ml) to pH about 2. The solid was
filtered, washed with water (5 ml x 4), and dried in vacua to give 4p as a brownish
solid (160 mg, 89%). Compound 4p was used directly in the following reaction
without further purification. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)* = 246; HPLC (alternate
conditions B, column G) Rt = 0.777.
Preparation of Precursor 5w:
To a mixture of 4p (160 mg, 0.65 mmol), DEPBT (390 mg, 1.31 mmol) and
benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (222 mg, 0.98 mmol) was added DMF (2 ml) and
AW-diisopropylethylamine (1.2 ml, 6.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at
room temperature for 16 hours, and concentrated to remove most of the solvent. The
residue was diluted with MeOH (10 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified
by preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 70,
Gradient time = 30 min, Flow Rate = 40 ml/min, Wavelength = 220 run, Column :
XTERRA C18 5 uin 30 x 100mm, A = 10% MeOH,- 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, B =
90% MeOH - 10% H2O - 0.1% TFA, Fraction Collection: 14.03 - 15.43 min. The
structure was supported by NOE experiments. JH NMR: (DMSO-&) 13.66 (s, 1H),
8.45 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 5H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.40 (b m, 8H); LC/MS:
(ES+) m/z (M+H)+=418 HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.447.
Example 224
Preparation of Example 223:
To a mixture of 5w (15 mg, 0.036 mmol), NaN3 (24 mg, 0.36 mmol), and ISffiUCl (19
mg, 0.36 mmol) was added DMF (1 ml). The reaction mixture was heated at 100°C
for three hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was added
MeOH (4 ml) and then filtered. The filtrate was purified by preparative reverse phase
HPLC using the method: Start %B = 15, Final %B = 75, Gradient time = 15 ruin,
How Rate = 40 ml/rnin, Wavelength = 220 nm, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 ^m 30 x
100mm, A = 10% MeOH,- 90% H2O - 0.1% TFA, B = 90% MeOH - 10% H2O -
0.1% TFA, Fraction Collection: 8.48 - 9.78 min. H NMR: (DMSO-4?) 12.68 (b s,
1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.86 - 3.30 (b m,
overlapping with broad water peak, 8H), one exchangeable proton was not observed
due to the presence of water in the sample. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 461 HPLC
(alternate conditions B, column G) Rt = 1.392.
Preparation of Examples 224 and 225:
To the mixture of 5w (10 mg, 0.022 mmol) in MeOH (0.2 ml) and benzene (0.4 ml)
was added TMSCHN2 (0.4 ml, 0.1 ). The reaction mixture was stirred at room
temperature for 1.5 hours, followed by purification on preparative TLC (1 x 20 x 20
cm, 500 microns) with 10% MeOH/CHaCk to give the two compounds as white
solids. Example 224 (2.7 mg, 26%); 1R NMR: (DMSCMs) 12.60 (b s, 1H), 8.31 (s,
1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.50 (s, 3H), 4.15 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H);
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt =
1.672. Example 225 (1.4 mg, 13%), :H NMR: (DMSO-J) 12.40 (b s, IH), 8.22 (s,
IH), 8.20 (s, IH), 7.46 (s, 5H), 4.52 (s, 3H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H);
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 475, HPLC (alternate conditions B, column G) Rt =
1.373. These two structures were further supported by nitrogen HMBC analysis.
*TMSCHN2 (0.1 M) was prepared by diluting commercially available TMSCHN2
(0.2 ml, 2.0 M) with hexane (3.8 ml).
EXAMPLE 226
To a mixture of 5w (85 mg, 0.204 mmol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (22 mg,
0.305 mmol) in anhydrous ethanol (3 ml, 200 proof) was added triethylamine (60 |ul,
0.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated in a capped vial at 100°C for 6 hours.
Removal of solvent gave precursor 5x as a white solid, to which was added triethyl
orthoformate (3 ml). The mixture was then heated in a capped vial at 100°C for 12
hours. After removal of most of the excess triethyl orthoformate, the residue was
diluted with MeOH (6 ml), followed by filtration. The filtrate was purified by
preparative reverse phase HPLC using the method: Start %B = 30, Final %B = 50,
Gradient time = 20 min, How Rate = 40 ml/min, Column : XTERRA CIS 5 [im 30 x
100mm, Fraction Collection: 7.57 - 7.98 min. H NMR: (DMSO-^) 12.41 (s, 1H),
9.87 (s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.20 (b m,
overlapping with broad water peak, 8H); The following HPLC conditions for the
analytical LCMS were used: Column: Xterra C18S73x50 mm; Gradient Time = 3
min; Flow rate = 4 ml/min. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+= 461 HPLC Rt = 1.390.
Product from a similar run provided the following 1H NMR spectra (methanol-d6) 8
9.32 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 2H), 7.83 (s,lH), 7.45 (narrow multiple!, 6H), 4.05 (s,3H), 3.80
(bm, 4H), 3.56 (bm, 4H).
EXAMPLES 227 to 229
Examples 227 to 230 (Table 2-1) were prepared analogously to Example 194 except
that the appropriate substituted piperazine was utilized. The preparation of the
appropriate substituted piperazines is described for precursors 17a-d or in reference
90b.
General procedures for the preparation of pyrazoles
3-Substituted pyrazoles can be prepared via the following routes:
Route P-A
N2 Hexane
IMS 115°C
10 hours
Aliyne (1 eq.) was dissolved in a 2M solution of diazomethane (5-10 eq.) in
hexane and resulting mixture was heated to 110-115°C for 12 hours. After reaction
was quenched with MeOH, removal of solvents provided a residue which was used in
the next step without any purification.
Methyl ketone (1 eq.) was added into a solution of dimethoxy-DMF (5-10 eq.)
7 and the resulting mixture was heated to 110-11
were then removed under vaccum to provide a residue.
in DMF 115°C for 12 hours. Solvents
The above residue was mixed with hydrazine (5-10 eq.) in ethanol and the
reaction was kept in refluxing for 12 hours. Removal of solvents in vacco gave a
residue, which was carried onto further reactions without purification.
Hydrazine (10-20 eq.) was added into a solution of alkenone or alkenal (1 eq.)
in THF and the resulting mixture was heated to 110-115°C for 12 hours. After the
mixture cooled down to room temperature, an excess of NiO2-2H2O ( 5-10 eq.) was
then added into the reaction mixture and the reaction was stirred at room temperature
for another 12 hours. Insoluble materials were then filtered away and concentration
under vaccum provided a residue that was used in the further reactions without
purification.
(Table Removed) Silicon masked general procedure for attaching pyrazoles, imidazoles and
triazoles with melting-points higher than 160°C to C-7 position of azaindoles:
In cases where the meltingpoints of the nitrogen heterocycle to be attached to
(he azaindole have melting points higher than 160°C, an excess of the heterocycle
(usually greater than 3 equivalents) is heated with a larger excess of
hexamethydisilazane or chloro trimethylsilane (10 equivalents) at temperatures up
to 140°C for approximately 12h. The excess silylating reagent is removed in vacuo
and the mixture is combined with the azaindole halide and the copper catalyzed
reaction is conducted as below.
A mixture of halo-indole or halo-azaindole intermediate, 1-2 equivalents of
copper powder, with 1 equivalent preferred for the 4-F,6-azaindole series and 2
equivalents for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole series; 1-2 equivalents of potassium
carbonate, and the the corresponding silylated heterocyclic reagent as prepared'above,
was heated at 135-160°C for 4 to 9 hours, with 5 hours at 160°C preferred for the 4-
F,6-azaindole series and 7 hours at 135°C preferred for the 4-methoxy,6-azaindole
series. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through
filter paper. The filtrate was diluted with methanol and purified either by preparative
HPLC or silica gel. In many cases no chromatography is necessary, the product can
be obtained by crystallization with methanol.
(Table Removed)Examples 230 through Example 258, were prepared using the same conditions and
method used for synthesizing Example 187:
EXAMPLE 230
Example 230, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-001 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-ethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoaceryl]piperazhie;MS/7z/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H29N6O4: 501.23; found 501.17. HPLC retention time: 2.30
minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 231
OMe
Example 231, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-002 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-propyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN604: 515.24; found 515.19. HPLC retention time:
2.47 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 232
Example 232, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-006 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-cycIopuryl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H3iN6O4: 527.24; found 527.16. HPLC retention
time: 2.53 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 233
OMe
Example 233, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-012 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-ethoxy-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS
mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C27H29N6O5: 517.22; found 517.17. HPLC retention time:
2.26 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 234
OMe
Example 234, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-011 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-hydroxylcarbonylethan-l-yl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H Calc'd for CasHapNeC: 545.21; found
545.15. HPLC retention time: 2.08 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient
time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 235
Example 235, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-009 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l-hydroxylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for CayHagNeOs: 517.22; found
517.15. HPLC retention time: 1.43 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLES 236 AND 237
Examples 236 and 237, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-007 to provide Example
236, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxylmethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine and Example 237, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(4~hydroxyhnethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine.
Example 236, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxyhTiethylpyrazol-
l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine : MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
5:503.20; found 503.20. HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column G,
flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
Example 237, (R)-l-benzoyl-3-methyl-4-[(4-metboxy-7-(4-hydroxylmethylpyrazol-
l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine: MS m/z: (M-fH)"1" Calc'd for
C26H27N6O5: 503.20; found 503.25. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G,
flow rate 4ml/min, gradient time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 238
Example 238, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-013 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methoxymethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C27H29N6O5: 517.22; found
517.23. HPLC retention time: 1.95 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient
time 3 min).
EXAMPLE 239
Example 239, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and Pyrazole-014 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-metnoxy-7-(3-(N,N-o1imethylamino)methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for: 530.25; found
530.25. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes (column G, flow rate 4ml/min, gradient
time 3 min).
OMe
EXAMPLES 190 AND 240
Example -190
Examples 190 and 240, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-methylpyrazole to provide example
Example 190 and Example 240.
Example 240, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
473.19; found 473.19. HPLC retention time: 1.35 minutes (column G).
Example 190, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'
473.19; found 473.17. HPLC retention time: 1.50 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLES 241 AND 242
Example 242
Examples 241 and 242, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-methylpyrazole.
Example 241, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C2
487.21; found 486.20. HPLC retention time: 1.54 minutes (column G).
Example 242, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-methyl-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
487.21; found 486.20. HPLC retention time: 1.41 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 243
Example 243, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 3-t-butylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-
4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-t-butyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS
mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H3oN6O4: 529.26; found 529.29. HPLC retention time:
1.86 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 244
Example 244, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 3-trifluor6methylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-
methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-trifluoromethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS tn/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CagHNeCU: 541.18; found
541.25. HPLC retention time: 1.71 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 245
Example 245, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-
[(4-memoxy-7-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS7?z/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for CwHwNTO^ 474.19; found 474.23. HPLC retention time: 1.29
minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 246
Example 246, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-benzotriazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-
methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-benzotriazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H26N7O4: 524.20; found
524.27. HPLC retention time: 1.68 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 247
Example 247, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-010 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(3-(l-hydroxyl-l-methylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;
MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaylfeNeOs: 517.22; found 517.37. HPLC retention
time: 1.38 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 248
Example 248, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-008 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(3-(3-hydroxylethyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine;MS7«/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H27N6O5: 503.20; found 503.27. HPLC retention time: 1.16
minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 249
Example 249, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-004 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(3-iso-propyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS tn/z: (M+H)"1"
Calc'd for C27H29N6O4: 501.23; found 501.34. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes
(column L).
EXAMPLE 250
Example 250, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-003 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(3-n-pentyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C29H33N6O4: 529.26; found 529.34. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes
(column L).
EXAMPLES 251 AND APP 252
Examples 251 and 252, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-amiaopyrazole.
Example 251, l-benzoyl^[(4-memoxy-7-(3-amino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazrae; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H24N7O4: 474.29; found
474.24. HPLC retention time: 1.58 minutes (column G).
397
Example 252, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-amino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-
3-yl)-oxoacetylJpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for C24H24N7O4: 474.29; found
474.22. HPLC retention time: 1.59 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLES 253 AND 254
Example 254
Examples 253 and 254, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-aminopyrazole.
Example 253, (R)-l-ben2oyl-2-methyW-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-amino-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CzsBiOA-
488.20; found 488.25. HPLC retention time: 1.65 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4
ml/min, gradient time = 3 min).
Example 254, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(5-amino-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C2sH26N7O4:
488.20; found 488.25. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4
ml/min, gradient time = 3 min).
EXAMPLES 255 AND 256
OMe
Example 255
Examples 255 and 256, were prepared according to the general method
described above starting from Precursor 5z and 1,2,3-triazole. Precursor 5z (0.056 g),
0.056g Cu powder,0.025g K2CO3 and 10 equivalents of 1,2,3 triazole were heated at
155-170 C for 4 hrs. The reaction was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and
the residue was dissolved in MeOH and purifed by Prep HPLC. as described above in
the general methods to provide Example 255 (0.020g) as a brown solid,yield 34%
and the other isomer Example 256.
Example 255, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-l-yl)-6'
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C24H24N?O4:
474.19; found 474.21. HPLC retention time: 1.84 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4
ml/rnin, gradient time = 3 min). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 58.85 (s, 1H), 8.32 (ss,
1H), 7.94 (m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 5H), 4.07 (ss, 3H), 4.00-3.00 (m, 7H), 1.33 (m, 3H).
Example 256, (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(l,2,3-triazol-2-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for C24H24N7O4:
474.19; found 474.21. HPLC retention time: 1.66 minutes (column G, flow rate = 4
ml/min, gradient time = 3 min). 1R NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 88.33 (ss, 1H), 8.13 (s,
1H), 7.46 (m, 7H), 4.07 (ss, 3H), 4.00-3.00 (m, 7H), 1.32 (m, 3H).
EXAMPLE 257
Example 257, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 3-hydroxylpyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-
methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-hydroxylpyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C25H25N6OS: 489.19; found
489.15. HPLC retention time: 1.38 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 258
Example 258, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-
methyW-[(4-meliioxy-7-(3-amnio-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'dfor C24H25N8O4: 489.20; found
489.24. HPLC retention time: 1.69 minutes (column G).
Examples 259 through 265, were vrevared accordins to the Gnereral Procedure Si-
Cu (Silicon-Masking conditions) described above:
EXAMPLE 259
Example 259, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu(SUicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-methylcarbonylpyrazole
to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylcarbonyl-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for €2712705:
515.20; found 515.15. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 260
Example 260, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-phenylpyrazole to
provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-phenyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd
549.23; found 549.18. HPLC retention time: 1.82 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 261
Example 261, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(3-pyridinemethylamino)-
1,2,4-triazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-
pyridinemethylaramo)-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS
mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsoHsoNgC^: 580.24; found 580.14. HPLC retention time:
1.15 minutes (column G).

Example 262, was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-acetylaminopyrazole to
provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-melhyl-4-[(4-mellioxy-7-(3-acetylarnino-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyI]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
530.22; found 530.15. HPLC retention time: 1.41 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 263
Example 263 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(2-methylpyridin-5-
yl)pyrazole to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-methylpyridin-
5-yl)pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H Calc'd for
: 564.24; found 564.26. HPLC retention time: 1.22 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 264
OMe
Example 264 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(2-methylpyridin-5-
yl)pyrazole to provide l-benzoyl^[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-methylpyridin-5-yl)pyrazoll-
yl)-6-a2aindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazme; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
4: 550.22; found 550.26. HPLC retention time: 1.20 minutes (column C).
EXAMPLE 265
Example 265 was prepared according to the general method Si-Cu (Silicon-
Masking) described above starting from Precursor 5z and 3-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)ethylpyrazole
to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l,2,4-triazol-lyl)
ethyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd for CapHaoNgO,}: 568.24; found 568.13. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes
(column G).
Examples 266 to 270, were prepared according to a procedure analoeous to the
procedure used synthesize Example 15:
EXAMPLE 266
Example 266, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5z and 2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl tributyltin, to provide (R)-lbenzoyl-
2-methyl-4-[(7-(2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS ;n/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd forCaeHaeNvCU: 500.20; found 500.26.
HPLC retention time: 1.11 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 267
Example 267, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5za and 2-amino-pyrazin-5-yl triburyltin, to provide (R)-lpicoh^
oyl-2-memyl-4-[(7-(2-arnino-pyrazin-5-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forC25H25NgO4: 501.20; found 501.30.
HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column J).
EXAMPLE 268
Example 268, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5xa and 4-methylsulfonylphenyl boronic acid, to provide (R)-
l-picoUnoyl-2-memyl-4-[(7-(4-methylsulfonyl-phenyl-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd forCzgHagNsOeS: 562.18; found
562.19. HPLC retention time: 0.86 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 269
Example 269, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5xa and tri-butylstannyl pyrazine, to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-
2-methyl-4-[(7-pyrazinyl-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+
Calc'd forC25H24N7O4:486.19; found 486.32. HPLC retention time: 1.07 minutes
(column G).
EXAMPLE 270
Example 270, was prepared according to the general method described above
starling from Precursor 5y and tri-butylstannyl pyrazine, to provide (R)-l-nicotiiioyl-
2-methyl-4-[(7-pyrazinyl-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)"1"
Calc'd forC25H24N704: 486.19; found 486.10. HPLC retention time: 0.96 minutes
(column L).
Examples 271 through 272, were prepared using the "General Procedure of
Converting-NHi Group to -OH Group", examplifiedby the preparation of
Example 97:
EXAMPLE 271
Example 271, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Example 266 to provide (R)-l-benzoyl-2-methyl-4-[(7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin-
l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
forC26H25N6O5: 501.19; found 501.21. HPLC retention time: 1.08 minutes (column
G).
EXAMPLE 272
Example 272, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Example 267 to provide (R)-l-picolinoyl-2-methyl-4-t(7-(5-hydroxylpyrazin-
l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H) Calc'd
forC25H24N7O5: 502.18; found 502.19. HPLC retention time: 0.88 minutes (column
G).
EXAMPLE 273
OMe
Example 273, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3-
carboxylic acid ethylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-
ethylaminocarbonyl-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaeHayNsOs: 531.21; found 531.21. HPLC retention time:
1.75 minutes (column G). JH NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 59.35 (s, IH), 8.34 (s, IH),
7.86 (s, IH), 7.48 (b, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.49 (m, 10H), 1.30 (t, 3H, J = 7.5 Hz).
EXAMPLE 274
Example 274, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3-
carboxylic acid methylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-
methylaminocarbonyl-1,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)-6-azain.dol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS
m/z: (M+H) Calc'd for HfesNgOs: 517.19; found 517.18. HPLC retention time:
1.67 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 69.36 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s,
1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.48 (b, 5H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.80-3.60 (m, 8H), 3.02 (s, 3H). -
EXAMPLE 275
Example 275, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-[l,2,4]-triazole-3-
carboxylic acid dimethylamide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-
dmiemylaininocarbonyl-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine.
MS mfz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H27N8O5: 531.21; found 531.28. HPLC retention
time: 1.71 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 276
Example 276, was prepared from Precursor 5b and lH-pyrazole-3-
carboxylic acid rnethylarnide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-
methylarninocarbonyl-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z:
(M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H26N7O5: 516.20; found 516.27. HPLC retention time: 1.86
minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 277
Example 277, was prepared from Precursor 5b and l-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-
propan-2-ol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(2-hydroxylpropyl)-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd
517.22; found 517.38. HPLC retention time: 1.42 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 278
Example 278, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-cyclohex-l-enyl-lHpyrazole
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(cyclohexen-l-yl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-
azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
539.24; found 539.26. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 279
Example 279, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-
butyronitrile to provide l-benzoyl4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-cyano-propan- 1-yl)-
pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
C28H28N7O4: 526.22; found 526.35. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 280
Example 280, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 4-(lH-pyrazol-3-
ylmethyl)-thiomorpho]ine 1,1-dioxide to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l,ldioxo-
thiomorpholin-4-yl)methyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C29H32N7O6S: 606.21; found
606.34. HPLC retention time: 1.01 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 281
Example 281, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 3-isobutyl-lH-pyrazole
to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-isobutyl-pyrazoH-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C28H3iN6O4: 515.24; found
515.35. HPLC retention time: 1.90 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 282
Example-282, was prepared from Precursor 5b and l-(lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-
cyclopentanol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(l-hydroxy-cyclopentyl)-
pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)"1" Calc'd for
C29H3iN6O5: 543.24; found 543.43. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 283
Example 283, was prepared from Precursor 5b and methyl-(lH-pyrazol-3-
ylmethyl)-amine to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methylaminomethylpyrazol-
l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H) Calc'd for
: 502.22; found 502.31. HPLC retention time: 1.51 minutes (column L).
EXAMPLE 284
Example 284, was prepared from Precursor 5b and 2-methyr-l-(lH-pyrazol-
3-yl)-propan-l-ol to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-( 3-(l-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-
pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine. MS mlz: (M+H)+
Calc'd for C28H31N605: 531.24; found 531.43. HPLC retention time: 1.63 minutes
(column L).
EXAMPLE 285
Example 285, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and Pyrazole-025 to provide l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-
(3-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl)oxymethyl-pyrazol-1 -yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsNeC: 637.24; found
637.34. HPLC retention time: 1.87 minutes (column G). :H NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 88.61 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, 2H, / = 15 Hz), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.43 (b,
5H), 7.05 (d, 2H, /= 14.5 Hz), 6.60 (s, IH), 5.29 (s, 2H), 4.33 (q, 2H, /= 12 Hz),
4.03 (s,3H), 3.80-3.57 (m, 8H), 1.38 (t, 3H, J= 12.0 Hz).
EXAMPLE 286
Example 286, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3iH29N6O6S: 613.19; found
613.28. HPLC retention time: 1.69 minutes (column G). JH NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 88.64 (s, IH), 8.21 (s, IH), 7.94 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 7.74 (s, IH), 7.43 (b,
5H), 7.34 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 6.94 (s, IH), 4.04 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.40 (m, 8H), 2.42 (s,
3H).
EXAMPLE 287
Example 287, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C3iH26F3N6O4: 603.20; found
603.32. HPLC retention time: 1.94 minutes (column G). 1H NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 58.67 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.09-7.42 (m, 10H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H),
4.00-3.62 (m, 8H).
EXAMPLE 288
Example 288, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-lH-pyrazole to provide
l-benzoyl-4-[(4-memoxy'7-(3-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pyrazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-
yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS mfz: (M+H) Calc'd for C3iH26F3N6O4: 603.20; found
603.32. HPLC retention time: 1.96 minutes (column G). :H NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 58.69 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.09-7.43 (m, 10H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.01 (s, 3H),
4.00-3.62 (m, 8H).
EXAMPLE 289
Example 289, was prepared according to the general method described above
starting from Precursor 5b and 3-propylsulfanyl-lH-[l,2,4]triazole to provide 1-
benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-propylsulfanyl-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for Cs-eEbNvCUS: 534.19; found
534.32. HPLC retention time: 1.65 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 89.09 (s, IH), 8.18 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.37 (m, 5H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.90-3.30
(m, 8H), 3.18 (t, 2H, .7= 11.5 Hz), 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.02 (t, 3H, J = 12.5 Hz).
EXAMPLE 290
Example 290 (18mg) was dissolved in 1ml of AcOOH (37% in AcOH) at
room temperature and the mixture was kept stirring for 10 hours. Removal of
solvents under vaccum provided a redicue, which was purified using Shimadzu
automated preparative HPLC System to provide Example 290, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-
methoxy-7-(3-(propane-l-sulfonyl)-[l,2,4]triazol-l-yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-
oxoacetyljpiperazine; MS mJz: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C26H28N7O6S: 566,18; found
566.30. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G). H NMR (500 MHz,
CDC13) 89.33 (s, IH), 8.24 (s, IH), 7.80 (s, IH), 7.43 (m, 5H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.90-3.50
(m, 8H), 3.42 (t, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 1.90 (m, 2H), 1.09 (t, 3H, / = 7.50 Hz)r
EXAMPLE 291
Example 290, obtained from the previous stage, was dissolved in 5ml of
MeONa (8 wt% in MeOH) at room temperature and the mixture was heated to 90°C
for 10 hours to form 291, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-methoxy-[l,2,4]triazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
490.18; found 490.29. HPLC retention time: 1.36 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 292
Example 288 (8mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room
temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was
quenched with water (2ml) to form Example 292, which was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (2.1mg of Example 292 obtained).
Example 292, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(4-hydroxylcarboaylphenyl)-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CaiH^NeOe:
579.20; found 579.28. HPLC retention time: 1.72 minutes (column G). H NMR
(500 MHz, CDC13) 88.71 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.15 (d, 2H, J= 8.00 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H,
J= 8.00 Hz), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 4.02-3.49 (m,
Example 288 (8mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room
temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was
quenched with MeOH (2ml) to form Example 293, which was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (l.lmg of Example 293 obtained).
Example 293, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-pyrazol-lyl)-
6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for CsaHagNgOs:
593.21; found 593.32. HPLC retention time: 1.84 minutes (column G). H NMR
(500 MHz, CDC13) 68.74 (s, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 8.16 (d, 2H, J = 8.00 Hz), 7.94 (d, 2H,
J = 8.00 Hz), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.44 (m, 5H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.90-
3.40 (m, 8H).
EXAMPLE 294
Example 294
Example 287 (6mg) was dissolved in 0.2ml of concentrated at room
temperature and the mixture was heated to 70°C for 6 hours. Then the mixture was
quenched with water (2ml) to form Example 294, which was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System (2.7mg of Example 294 obtained).
Example 294, l-benzoyl-4-[(4-methoxy-7-(3-(3-hydroxylcarbonylphenyl)-pyrazol-1-
yl)-6-azaindol-3-yl)-oxoacetyl]piperazine; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calcd for CaiEkvNgOe:
579.20; found 579.28. HPLC retention time: 1.74 minutes (column G). H NMR
(500 MHz, CDC13) 58.76 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.10 (m, 2H), 7.77 (m,
1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 5H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 4.00-3.40 (m, 8H).
EXAMPLE 295
Example 136 (6mg), succinic anhydride (20mg) and DMAP (5ml) were
dissolved in 5ml of anhydrous pyridine at room temperature and the mixture was
heated to reflux for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with MeOH and
solvents were removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 295 (2.4mg), 2,2-
Dimethyl-succinicacid4-(l-{3-[2-(4-benzoyl-3-methyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxoacetyl]-
4-methoxy-l H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl}-lH-pyrazol-3-yhiiethyl) ester; MS
m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for C32H35N6O8: 631.25; found 631.34. HPLC retention time:
1.64 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 296
Example 296
Example 111 (lOmg), /raraj-epoxysuccinyl chloride (20mg) and EtsN (0.2ml)
were dissolved in 2ml of anhydrous THF at room temperature and the mixture was
kept stirring for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water and solvents
were removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using
Shimadzu automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 296 (2mg), 3-(6-{3-
[2-(4-Benzoyl-2-methyl-piperazin-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-
yl}-pyrazm-2-ylcarbamoyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid; MS m/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
7: 584.19; found 584.36. HPLC retention time: 1.44 minutes (column G).
EXAMPLE 297
Example 112 (lOmg), frans-epoxysuccinyl chloride (20mg) and EtsN (0.2ml) were
dissolved in 2ml of anhydrous THF at room temperature and the mixture was kept
stirring for 10 hours. Then the mixture was quenched with water and solvents were
removed under vaccum to provide a residue, which was purified using Shimadzu
automated preparative HPLC System to give Example 297 (5mg), 3-(6-{3-[2-(4-
Benzoyl-2-memyl-piperazm-l-yl)-2-oxo-acetyl]-lH-pyrrolo[23-c]pyridm-7-yl}-pyri
dm-2-ylcarbamoyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid; MS wz/z: (M+H)+ Calc'd for
?: 583.19; found 583.34. HPLC retention time: 1.31 minutes (column G).
PRECURSOR 4P
Precursor 2p (200 mg, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in trichloroacetic anhydride (1.2 mL)
and heated at 80°C for 3h. MeOH (10 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at rt
for 30 min. The volatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was diluted with
AcOEt (25 mL) and washed with water (2 x 25 mL). The organic layer was dried
over NaaSO4, filtered and concentrated. The resulting crude oil was dissolved in
DMF (1 mL) and treated with a 2M solution of MeNH2 in MeOH (2 mL). The
reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 18 h. LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 234. The
volatiles were removed in vacuo and the crude (134 mg) was taken to next step
without further purification.
PRECURSOR 4P
Precursor 4p was prepared from precursor 2u following the procedure described to
prepare precursor 4m. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 306. Taken to next step without
further purification.
EXAMPLE 298
Example 298 was prepared from precursor 4p by treatment with EDC (434 mg, 2.3
mmol), HOBt (308 mg, 2.3 mmol) and benzoylpiperazine (304 mg, 1.36 mmol) in
DMF (2 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 18 h and then concentrated in vacuo
and purified using reverse phase HPCL to afford the title compound. LC/MS: (ES4")
m/z (M+H)+ = 478; rt = 1.25 min.
To a diethylether (10 mL) solution of trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2 M in hexane, 5.3
mL) was added n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 4.2 mL) at 0°C. After stirring for 20 min,
the resulting mixture was added into a diethylether (5 ml) solution of 4-fluoro-7-
bromo-6-azaindole (340 mg, 2.1 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 0°C for 60 min
and then, quenched with water (20 mL). The reaction mixture was extracted with
ethyl acetate (2 x 40 mL). The organic layers were combined, dried over MgSO4,
filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated with ethyl acetate. The solid was
filtered and dried in air to give precursor 2v as a white solid (35 mg). 1HNMR
(300MHz, CD3OD): 8.43 (bs, IH); 8.09-8.08 (m, IH); 7.64-7.63 (m, IH); 6.72-6.71
(m, IH). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)"1" = 204. Rt = 0.50 min. The filtrate was
concentrated and purified on silica gel column eluting with 5-10% of ethyl
acetate/hexane to afford precursor 2w as a yellow solid (422 mg). 1HNMR
(300MHz, CDC13): 8.09-8.08 (m, IH); 7.47-7.45 (m, IH); 6.69-6.67 (m, IH); 0.45 (s,
9H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 276. Rt = 1.39min.
PRECURSOR 4Q
Precursor 4q was prepared following the procedure described before for compound
4m. LC/MS: (ES4) m/zCM+H) = 276. Rt = 0.42 min.
EXAMPLE 299
The title compound was prepared following the coupling procedure previously
described before for precursor 5a HNMR (300MHz, DMSQ): 8.44(m, 1H); 8.33-
8.31 (m, 2H); 7.44(m, 5H); 3.87-3.40(m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(M+H)+ = 448. Rt =
1.04min.
N-HYDROXY-ACETAMIDINE
Sodium ethoxide solution (32.5 mL, 21% w/v) was added over 1 b. to a solution of
hydrochloride (3.5 g, 0.05 mol) and phenolphthalein (5 mg) in ethanol (20 mL).
After stirring for 3 hr at room temperature, acetonitrile (1.4 g) was added. The
reaction was stirred for 2 h and then heated at 40°C for 48 h. The reaction mixture
was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was
kept at room temperature for 48 h, purified on silica gel column eluting with 9:1
dichloromethane: methanol to give N-Hydroxy-acetamidine (1.8 g, 73%). 1HNMR
(300MHz, DMSO): 8.60 (s, 1H); 5.51 (bs, 2H); 1.60 (s, 3H).
A solution of 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole (100 mg, 0.46 mmol), N-Hydroxyacetamidine
(170 mg, 2.3 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphme)paUadiurn (200 mg,
0.17 mmol) and triethylamine (0.2 mL, 1.4 mmol) in toluene (2.5 mL) was heated at
reflux under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide for 18 h. The reaction mixture was
cooled to room temperature and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted
with ethyl acetate (10 mL) and washed with water (2 x 25 mL). The organic layer
was concentrated and purified on preparative HPLC to give precursor 2y (5 mg, 5%).
'HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 10.22 (bs, 1H); 8.32-8.31 (m, 1H); 7.55-7.53 (m, 1H);
6.81-6.79 (m, 1H); 2.55 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 219. Rt = 1.15 min.
PRECURSOR 4R
Precursor 4r was prepared following the procedure previously described for
compound 4k LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H)"1" = 291. Rt = 0.87 min.
The title compound was prepared following the general coupling procedure described
before for precursor 5a and using precursor 4k and benzoyl piperazine as the
inputs. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 10.92 (bs, 1H); 8.51-8.50 (m, 1H); 8.41-8.40 (m,
1H); 7.43 (m, 5H); 3.97-3.50 (m, 8H); 2.58 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z(m+H)+ = 463.
Rt=1.24min.
PRECURSOR 2Z
l-Methyl-l,2,4-triazole (249 mg, 3 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous THF (3 mL)
and cooled to -78°C. n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 1.2 ml) was added via a syringe.
After stirring for 10 min, ZnCk (0.5 M in hexane, 6 mL) was added. The reaction
mixture was stirred at -78°C for 20 min, then warmed to room temperature. The
resulting mixture was transferred via a syringe into a pressure flask which contained a
mixture of 4-fluoro-7-bromo-6-azaindole (215 mg, 1.0 mmol),
tetraMs(triphenylphosphme)paUadium (127 mg, 0.11 mmol) and dioxane (6mL). The
reation mixture was heated at 120°C in the sealed flask for 15 h, and then cooled to
room temperature. Ethyl acetate (100 mL) was added to quench the reaction. The
resulting mixture was washed with water (2 x 20 mL). The organic layer was
concentrated and purified on preparative HPLC. Final crystallization in
methanol/water gave Precursor 2z (80 ing, 37%). JHNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.10
(bs, 1H); 8.18-8.17 (m, 1H); 8.02-8.01 (m, 1H); 7.50-7.48 (m, 1H); 6.74-6.72 (m,
1H); 4.52 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 218. Rt = 1.23 min.
PRECURSOR4S
Precursor 4s was prepared following the procedure described before for precursor
4m. LOMS: (ES+) m/z(M+H)+ = 293. Rt = 0.92 min.
EXAMPLE 301
The tide compound was prepared following the example coupling procedure
described before for precursor 5a and using precursor 4s and (benzoyl piperazine as
inputs. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.86 (bs, 1H); 8.37-8.36 (m, 1H); 8.32-8.31 (m,
1H); 8.02-8.01 (m, 1H); 7.42(m, 5H); 4.51 (s, 3H); 3.95-3.51 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4)
m/z(M+H)+ = 462 Rt = 1.32min.
PREPARATION OF PRECURSOR 4T
Precursor 2i precursor 4t
To a solution of l-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (2.7g, 18.6mmol) and
aluminum chloride (7.5g, 55.8mmol) was added precursor 2i (2.0g, 9.3mmol)
followed by slow addition of ethyloxalylacetate (2.1ml, 18.6mmol) at room
temperature. The reaction was then stirred at room temperature for 20h, and
quenched by slow addition of ice water (20mL). A light brown solid precipitated out
and was collected by filtration and dried in air to provide compound precursor 4t
(2.2g, 82%). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 289. Rt = 0.85min.
PREPARATION OF PRECURSOR SAB
A mixture of compound precursor 4t (500mg, 1.74 mmol), benzylpiperazine
hydrochloride (395mg, 1.74 mmol), DEBPT (520mg, 1.74 mg) and
diisopropylethylamine (0.61ml, 3.48mmol) in 3 ml of DMF was stirred at rt for 20h.
The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (50ml) and washed with water (50 ml).
The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 50ml). The organic extracts were
combined and dried over Mg2SO4, filtered and concentrated to dryness. The residue
was redissolved in EtOAc and precursor Sab crystallized out as a pale brownish solid
and was coUected by filtration (221mg, 27%). !HNMR (d, MeOD): 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.1 (s,
1H), 7.5 (bs, 5H), 3.82-3.53 (m, 8H); MS m/z 461 (MH); Rt = 1.24 min.
GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING EXAMPLES 302-315
General procedure for the preparation of 7-N-linked heterocycles
A mixture of precursor Sab for examples 302-313 or Sac for Examples 314-315,15-
30 equivalents of the corresponding amine, preferably 30 equivalents were used, 1
equivalent of copper powder and 1 equivalent of potassium carbonate was heated at
160°C for 4-7hr in a sealed tube. The reaction was cooled to room temperature,
diluted with EtOAc and filtered through filter paper. The solvent was removed in
vacuo and the residue was diluted with methanol and purified by preparative HPLC.
EXAMPLE 303
Example 303 was prepared from precursor Sab and 1,2,4-triazole following the
procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.15 (bs, 1H); 9.28 (s, 1H);
8.33-8.34 (m, 1H); 8.22 (s, 1H); 8.10 (s, 1H); 7.46-7.42 (m, 5H); 3.90-3.48 (m, 8H).
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 448. Rt = 1.21min.
Example 304 was prepared from precursor Sab and imidazole following the
procedure described above. 1B. NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 13.35 (bs, IH); 9.49 (s, IH);
8.35-8.30 (m, IH); 8.20 (s, IH); 7.97 (s, IH); 7.56-7.53 (m, IH); 7.46-7.41 (m, 5H);
3.98-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt =1.25mrn.
EXAMPLE 305
Example 305 was prepared from precursor Sab and pyrazole following the
procedure described above. XH NMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.52 (bs, IH); 8.65-8.64
(m, IH); 8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.05-8.04 (m, IH); 7.81-7.80 (m, IH); 7.50- 7.35 (m,
5H); 6.54- 6.53 (m, IH); 4.01- 3.47 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (BS) m/z (M+H) + = 447. Rt =
1.25min. Compound of example 222 was prepared from precursor 5i and morpholine
following the procedure described above. H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.38 (s,
IH); 7.86-7.84 (m, IH); 4.14-3.25 (m, 16H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 466. Rt =
0.988min.
EXAMPLES 306 and 307
Example 306 Example 307
Examples 306 and 307 were prepared from precursor Sab using the general
procedure previously described above using 3-methyltriazole. Example 306: 1HNMR
(500MHz, CDC13): 9.14 (s, 1 H); 8.32 (s, 1 H); 8.06 (s, 1 H); 7.42 (m, 5 H); 3.75-3.85
(m, 4 H); 3.55-3.70 (m, 4 H); 2.57 (s, 3 H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 462; rt =
1.27 min. Example 307: JHNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.29 (s, 1 H); 8.17 (s, 1 H); 8.05
(s, 1 H); 7.42 (m, 5 H); 4.75.85 (m, 4 H); 4.55-5.70 (m, 4 H); 3.02 (s, 3 H). LC/MS:
(ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 462; rt = 1.27 min.
EXAMPLE 308
Example 308 was prepared from precursor Sab and pyrrole following the procedure
described above. !H NMR (300MHz, CD3OD3): 8.33-8.29 (m, 2H); 7.49-7.40 (m,
5H); 7.38-7.37 (m, 2H); 6.42-6.41 (m, 2H); 3.91-3.40 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z
(M+H)+ = 446. Rt = 1.34min.
The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab using the general procedure
previously described using 3-aminopyrazole. 1HNMR (300MHz, DMSO): 12.42 (bs,
IH); 8.34-8.33 (m, IH); 8.31-8.30 (m, IH); 8.04-8.03 (m, IH); 7.44 (bs, 5H); 5.93-
5.92 (m,lH); 3.80-3.16 (m, 8H). LCMS: (BS4) m/z (M+H)+ = 462. Rt = 1.26min.
EXAMPLE 310
The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general
procedure previously described using 3-methylpyrazole. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDCla):
11.59 (bs, IH); 8.53-8.52 (m, IH); 8.27-8.26 (m, IH); 8.02-8.01 (m, IH); 7.46-7.42
(m, 5H); 6.32-6.31 (m,!H); 3.82-3.48 (m, 8H); 2.43 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 461. Rt = LSOrnin.
EXAMPLE 311
The title compound was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general
procedures previously described. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.92 (bs, IH); 8.28-
8.27 (m, IH); 8.08-8.07 (m, IH); 7.47-7.42 (m, 5H); 6.73-6.72 (m,lH); 4.45-4.38 (m,
2H); 4.0-3.49 (m, 8H); 2.84 (s, 3H); 1.44-1.37 (m, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (m+H)+ =
533.Rt=1.67min.
EXAMPLE 312
Example 312 was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedure
previously described using 3-methylpyrazole. 1HNMR (300MHz, CDC13): 11.61 (bs,
IH); 8.23-8.22 (m, IH); 8.06-8.05 (m, IH); 7.67-7.66 (m, IH); 7.42 (m, 5H); 6.25
(m, IH); 3.89-3.48 (m, 8H); 2.82 (s, 3H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 461. Rt =
1.41min.
Example 313 was prepared from precursor Sab according to the general procedure
previously described using 3-amino-l,2,4-triazole. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 11.12
(bs, 1H); 8.89-8.88 (m, 1H); 8.29-8.28 (m, 1H); 8.03-8.02 (m, 1H); 7.58-7.51 (m,
5H), 3.87-3.50 (m, 8H). LC/MS: (ES4) m/z (M+H)+ = 463. Rt = 1.16min.
PRECURSOR SAC
Precursor Sac was prepared from precursor 4t following the procedure described
for precursor Sab using l-benzoyl-3-(R)-methylpiperazine instead of
benzylpiperazine.
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 474-475. Rt = 1.20min.
Example 314 was prepared from Precursor Sac following the general procedure
described above for 7-N-linked heterocycles. !HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 8.75 (s,
1H); 8.36 (m, 1H); 8.08 (m, 1H); 7.45-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.75-2.947 (series of multiplets,
7H); 1.37-1.30 (m,3H).
Example 315 was prepared from Precursor Sac following the general procedure
described above for 7-N-linked heterocycles. 1HNMR (500MHz, CDC13): 9.15 (s,
1H); 8.32 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H); 8.16 (m, 1H); 7.92 (s, 1H); 7.45-7.38 (m, 5H); 4.72-2.94
(series of multiplets, 7H); 2.57 (s, 3H); 1.37-1.30 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 476. Rt = 1.29min.
Synthetic Experimental Procedures for best preparation of Example 216 (Scheme
5-AmiQO 2 methoxypyridine (50g, 0.4mol ) was added to a stirring mixture of
absolute ethanol (280 ml) and HBF4 (48% in water, 172 ml) and cooled to 0°C.
Sodium nitrite (129g) was dissolved in water (52 ml) and added portion-wise over
In). The stirring was continued at 0°C for 2hr. The reaction mixture was diluted
with ether (1L). The solid product was collected by filtration and washed with 500
ml of 50:50 EtOH/ether and subsequently several times with ether until the product
was slightly pinkish in color. The pale pink solid 90g (-100% yield) was kept in a
dessicator overPaOs.
The same procedure was followed to perform the reaction on larger scale:
(1) (200g, 1.6 mol); HBF4 (688 ml); NaNO2 (116 g); EtOH(L12 L); H2O (208 ml)
The reaction was run 4 times (total 800 grams (1-80)). The product was dried over
P205 for 48 hr. (only 24hr for first batch).
A total of 1,293 g of (2-80) was obtained, (91% yield).
Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including
analytical data)
The decomposition of the diazonium salt was run in 3 batches of:
206g, 219g and 231g using 1.3L, 1.4L and 1.6L of anhydrous toluene respectively.
The toluene was preheated under nitrogen to 100°C (internal temperature) in a 2L 3-
neck round bottom flask provided with a mechanical stirrer. The solid was added
solid portion-wise via a scoop through a powder funnel which was attached to an
adapter with slight outward positive nitrogen flow. During addition, the temperature
was maintained between 99-102°C (set at 100°C) and stirred vigorously. Total
addition time was 60 min. for the smaller two batches and 70 min. for the last one.
After the addition was finished, each stirring reaction was heated at 110°C for Ihr.
The heating mantle was removed and stirring was stopped. The reactions were
allowed to stand for 2hr (ambient temp achieved). Safety Note: The reaction
contains BF3 so working with the reaction hot exposes vapors which caused skin
irritation with some people. No incidents were noted at ambient temperature (6
different people). The hot toluene from the reaction was poured into a 4L
Erlenmeyer (a dark brown oil and residue remained in the flask). The residue was
washed with 50 ml of toluene and poured into the original toluene extracts.
Add 1.5L of IN NaOH to toluene layer, extract and wash with -100 ml of sat aq.
NaCl.
Combine NaCl with NaOH layer, re-extract with 150 ml of toluene, wash with 50ml
ofsatNaCl.
Combine toluene layers.
Add 1L of IN NaOH to residue in reaction flask and swirl to dissolve as much
residue as possible then add 500ml Et2O and pour into Erlenmeyer.
Add ~500ml more of 1N NaOH to reaction flask and swirl ~500ml of Et2O.
Combine dark Et2O and NaOH washings in erlenmyer flask.
Et2O/NaOH mixture was poured through powder funnel containing plug of glass
wool to collect dark viscous solid. (Add ~500ml more ether to wash) into 6L sep
funnel.
Extract Wash ether layer with ~200ml of H2O and then 100ml of sat NaCl.
Combine all washings with original NaOH aq. Layer and re-extract with 500ml of
ether/Wash with 100ml H2O and 100ml of NaCl.
Combine ether extracts. Toluene and ether extracts were checked by LC/MS clean
product.
The ether was concentrated on a rotovap and the residue was combined with the
toluene extracts to make a homogeneous solution which is taken to next step as is.
The other two rxns were combined and worked up in the same way.
All aqueous layers were checked by LC/MS = no product
Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including
analytical data)
HCI(35%)
A total of 4.6L of toluene solution containing 3-80 was placed in several sealed tubes
and treated with 900ml of 35% HC1 at 145°C for 2hr. LC/MS showed no. starting
material, only 4. The toluene solution was decanted and discarded. The aqueous
phase was washed with EtOAc and concentrated down to remove volatiles to afford a
brown s.olid containing the desired fluoro-hydroxypyridine 4-80.
A total of 244g of this solid was collected and taken to next step as is (it was not
completely dry).
Note: We have subsequently ran this by decanting the toluene layer first prior to
heating to reduce volumes. Same reaction was carried out using HBr (48% in H2O) at
100°C for 6h with similar result to the literature procedure 49% yield.
Ref: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 10, 779, 1973 (for above reactions, including
analytical data)
4-80
Fuming HN03
H2S04
NO2
OH
Yield: 30% 5-80
from diazonium salt 1 - Precipitate (usually)
2. Extracted with EtOAc,
triturated with ether
The solid from above containing (4-80) was divided in 4 batches and treated with
H2SO4 and fuming HNOa as shown below. The amounts used were:
fuming HNO3
H2SO4 .(to addition)
(for soln)
batch 1
25g
20.8ml
5.6ml+
56ml
batch 2
54g
45ml
12ml+
120ml
batch 3
75g
62.4ml
16.8ml+
168ml
batch 4
90g
75ml
20ml+
200ml
Compound 4-80 was dissolved in sulfuric acid (the larger amounts indicated above)
at rt and then heated to 65°C. A preformed solution of fuming nitric acid and sulfuric
acid (the smaller amount indicated above) was added dropwise. The temperature was
kept between 65°C and 80°C (rxn is exothermic and although the bath is at 65°C,
temperature goes higher, usually 75, sometimes 80°C). After the addition was
complete, the reaction mixture was heated at 65°C for an additional hr. The reaction
mixture was then cooled to rt and poured in a flask containing ice ) (20g of ice/gr
compound, evolution of gas occurred). A solid precipitated out and it was collected
by filtration (1HNM" showed 4-80 and something else (discarded)).
The aqueous layer was extracted with AcOEt several times (3-5) and concentrated on
a rotary evaporator under vacuum to afford a solid that was triturated with ether to
afford 5-80 as a bright yellow solid. A total of 1 17g of desired product was collected
in the first crop (27% yield from diazonium salt). A portion did not crystallize: this
oil was triturated with MeOH and Et2O to afford 3.6g of 5-80; another precipitation
from the mother liquid afforded an additional 6.23g of the desired product 5-80
Total: 117.0+3. 6+6.23 = 126.83. 30.4%). Yield for 3 steps (decomposition of
diazonium salt; deprotection and nitration).
Analytical data from Notebook: 53877-115: 'HNMRtS, MeOD): 8.56-8.27 (dd, J=
7.5, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H); LC/MS(M+l)+= 158.9; rt = 0.15 min.
Note: A portion of the aqueous acidic solution was taken and neutralized with
Na2CO3 until effervescence stopped and then it was extracted with AcOEt = A
different product was obtained. No desired product in these extracts.
A total of 117g of 5-80 was divided in 4 batches of 30g x 3 and 27g x 1 and treated
with POBr3 (3 equiv.; 163g x 3 and 155 g x 1) and a catalytic amount of DMF (15
ml) at rt (DMF was added carefully => gas evolution). After 5 min. at room
temperature, the solutions were heated at 110°C for 3hr. LC/MS showed starting
material had been consumed. The reaction mixtures were allowed to cool to rt. The
reaction flasks were placed in an ice bath; and then ice was added very slowly and
carefully portionwise into the flask, gas evolution was due to HBr formation; the
liquid and black solid that formed was poured into a beaker with ice. EtOAc was
added and the mixture was then extracted several times with EtOAc. The organic
layer was washed with saturated aq. NaHCOa; H^O and brine; dried over Na2SO4 and
filtered. The product was dried in the pump overnight to provide 123g of 6-80 as a
brown solid (77% yield).
Note: Reaction is completed within Ih.
1HNMR(8, CDC13):8.52 (m, IH), 7.93 (m, IH).
800 ml of vinyl magnesium bromide (1M in THF, Aldrich) was cooled below -60°C
with vigorous stirring under N2- 2-bromo-5-fluoro-3-nitro pyridine (43.3g, 0.196 mol)
in 200ml THF was added dropwise via addition funnel at such a rate that the temp
was kept below -60°C. This took ~ 1.25 hr. The reaction mixture was wanned to —40
to -50°C and stirred for 1 hr more. Then 1L of saturated aqueous NHjCl was added
slowly and cautiously. At first, foaming occurred and considerable solid was present,
but this essentially dissolved as the addition was completed and the material warmed
to rt The layers were separated and the aqueous layer extracted 3 times with ethyl
acetate. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and
concentrated to afford ~ 50g of a black gummy solid. HPLC indicated 57-58%
product To this was added CHzCfc and the solid was collected by filtration and
washed with CSLCo. to afford 12.5g of product as a brown solid. The reaction was
repeated on exactly the same scale and worked up in the same manner. From
trituration there was obtained 12.4g of Precursor 2i (HPLC ~ 97% pure). The crude
was recovered and allowed to stand in dichloromethane. Upon standing 3.6g of
additional product separated and was recovered by filtration.
Total yield = 29.5g (35%).
1HNMR(8, CDC13): 8.69(bs, 1H), 7.92 (d, J= 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 6.77 (m,lH);
LC/MS(M+1)= 216.-217.9; rt = 1.43 min.
triazole,
Cu(0)
K2CO3,160°C
25-35%
Br -2-8 h
precursor 2
Chromatographed,
-1:1 isomer ratio
Reaction was carried in a 250ml flask (foaming occurred upon heating and the big
size flask is more convenient). A mixture of precursor 2i (3g, 13.95mmol), 1,2,3-
triazole (15g, 217.6 mmol, 15eq), K2CO3 (1.9g, 13.95mmol, leq) and Cu(0)(0.9g,
13.9mmol, leq) was heated at 160°C for 7 hr (from rt to 160°C total 7 hr) under N2
(depending on the Cu(0) lot, reaction time may vary from 2hr to 7hr). The resulting
mixture was diluted with MeOH, filtered through filter paper (to remove the copper).
Washed with MeOH (20 ml) and water (30 ml).
The filtrate was concentrated (remove solvent in rotovap) and diluted with
ethylacetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethylacetate. The combined
organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The residue
was dissolved in MeOH (20 ml), 7-80 (750mg) crystallized from the methanol as a
white solid and was collected by filtration. (Slow gradient volume, silica gel hex
/AcOEt (0-»18%) of the mother liquids usually affords 5-10% more of 7-80.
1HNMR (8, CDC13): 10.47 (bs, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.53 (m,
1 H), 6.78 (m, 1H); LCMS(M+l)+= 204; rt = 1.29 min.
Ethyl methylimidazolium chloride (4.3g, 29.6 mmol, 3eq) was placed hi a 250ml
flask. Aids (ll.Sg, 88.6mmol, 9eq) was added into the flask hi one portion. A
liquid suspension was formed (some of AlCU remained as solid). After stirring for 5-
10 min. compound (1) (2.0g, 9.85mmol) was added hi one portion followed by slow
addition (via a syringe) of ethyl chlorooxalacetate (3.3 ml, 29.6 mmol, 3eq). The
reaction was stirred at room temperature for 20 hr. LCMS indicated compound 8-
80:compound 7-80 = 6:2. (Compound I has strong UV absorption) The reaction was
quenched bycarefully adding ice water (~75 ml) at 0°C. A yellow solid precipitated
at this point The resulting suspension was filtered and the solid was washed with
water. MeOH and ethyl acetate (to remove unreacted SM) and the solid was dried hi
air. (LCMS purity 70% ~ 80%) 2g of solid containing 8-80 was obtained and taken
to the next step without further purification. LCMSCM+l)"1 276; rt =0.97 min.
A mixture of compound 8-80 (4.9g, 17.8 mmol) & N-benzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride 8a-80 (HC1 salt; 6.0g, 26.7mmol, l.Seq) in DMF (30 ml) was stirred
at RT overnight (16 hr). A slurry was formed. An additional 20ml of DMF was
added into the slurry. Then HATU (12.2g, 26.7mmol, l.Seq) was added followed by
DMAP (4.3g, 35.6 mmol, 2eq). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min. LCMS
indicated the starting material 8-80 was completely converted to product (EXAMPLE
216). The resulting mixture was filtered and the solid washed with water. The
filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. Water was added to the residue and the solid was
collected by filtration. The solids were combined and washed with water, MeOH and
EtOAc. Then the solid was dried in air. LCMS & HPLC showed BMS-585248,
>99% pure. The solid product was further purified by precipitation and
crystallization in 5-10% CH3OH/CHC13.
Purification of Example 216
Crude compound of Example 216 obtained as above (15.3g) was dissolved in 10%
MeOH/CHCls (600 ml). A light brown suspension was formed, filtered through filter
paper and washed with MeOH a twice. The brownish solid was discarded (~1.2g).
Example 216 was crystallized in the filtrate, the solid was collected by filtration and
the white solid was dried in air. The filtrate was used to repeat the crystallization
several times. The solid obtained from each filtration was analyzed by HPLC. All
the pure fractions were combined. The not so pure fractions were resubjected to
crystallization with MeOH & CHC13. A total of 12.7g of Example 216 was obtained
from recrystallization and precipitation. The mother liquid was concentrated and
purified on silica gel column (EtOAc, then CHCla/MeOH (0-2%)) to provide 506mg
of product) as a white solid.
1HNMR (d, DMSO) 13.1 (bs, 1H), 9.0 (s, 1H), 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.3 (s, 1H), 8.2 (s, 1H),
7.4 (bs, 5H), 3.7 (bs, 4H), 3.5 (bs, 4H); MS m/z 448 (MH). Anal: Calc for
C^HigFNTOa; C 59.05, H 4.05, N 21.91, F 4.24. Found; C 57.28, H 4.14, N 21.22; F
4.07%.
Scheme 81 is a preferred method for making compounds of Formula I and la
where R2 is methoxy. This is specifically exemplified for the preparation of
compound Example 316 and 317.
Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (68 g, 1.13 mol) and thioacetamide
(85 g, 1.13 mol) in a 500mL-RBF was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath temp.)
for 1.5 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen, removing H2S and water (about 18 mL of
liquid collected) formed during the reaction. The'reaction mixture was distilled under
reduced pressure, collecting 60.3 g (0.726 mol, Y. 63.3%) of the tide compound at
102°C / 0.35-1 mrnHg as white solid after removing a liquid foreran. : :H NMR
(CDd3) 5ppm 2.51 (3H, s, 3-Me), 8.03 (1H, s, 5-H), 9.5 (1H, br, NH); TLC Rf (10%
MeOH/CHaClj) = 0.3 (phosphomolybdate-charring, white spot).
Reference: Vanek, T.; Velkova, V.; Gut, Jiri Coll. Czech Chem. Comm. 1985, 49,
2492.
Preparation of 3-81
Procedure: A 500 mL round bottom flask was loaded with 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-
azaindole precursor 2e (9.1 g, 50 mrnol; dried in vacua'), potassium carbonate (13.8
g, 100 mmol, 2 eq.), copper powder (6.35 g, 100 mmol, 2 eq.), and 3-methyl-1,2,4-
triazole (83 g, 1.0 mol, 20 eq.). The solid mixture was heated to melt at 170-175°C
(external oil bath temperature) under gentle stream of anhydrous nitrogen for 12 h, by
which time HPLC analysis indicates the amount of the peak for the starting material
becomes 5-30% and the desired product peak becomes about 45% with isomeric byproduct
peak becomes 15%. As the reaction mixture cools, MeOH (150 mL) was
added slowly to the stirred warm mixture. Upon cooling, the insoluble material
(copper powder) was filtered through a Celite pad, and rinsed with methanol. The
filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to a thick paste which was diluted with water (1 L)
and extracted with EtOAc (3xl50mL). The EtOAc extracts were dried (MgSO4),
filtered and concentrated to obtain about 8 g of crude residue which was crystallized
by dissolving in hot CH3CN (50 mL), followed by diluting with water (100 mL) and
cooling at 0°C to collect 1.45 g (12.7%) of the title compound as white solid. The
filtrate was purified by C-18 reverse phase silica gel (YMC ODS-A 75 pin) eluted
with 15-30% CHsCN/H^O. Appropriate fractions were combined and the aqueous
solution after removing CHaCN by rotary evaporator was lyopbilized to give
additional 1.15 g of the title compound 3-81. The crude aqueous layer was further
extracted with EtOAc several times. The ethyl acetate extracts were dried (MgSO4),
filtered, concentrated, and crystallized from MeOH to give additional 200 mg of the
title compound 3-81. The total yield: 2.8 g (12.2 mmol, Y. 24.5%); MS m/z 230
(MH), HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for CnHi2N5O (M+H), 230.1042, found 230.1038 (A -
1.7 ppm); JH NMR (CDC13) 8ppm 2.54 (3H, s, CH3), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.73 (1H,
s, H-3), 7.40 (1H, s, H-2), 7.56 (1H, s, H-5), 9.15 (1H, s, triazole-H-5); 13C NMR
(CDC13, 125.7 MHz) 5 ppm 14.2 (triazole-Me), 56.3 (OMe), 100.5 (C-3), 116.9 (C-
5), 123.5, 127.2, 127.5 (C-2), 129.5 (C-7), 141.2 (C-5'), 149.5 (C-4), 161.8 (C-3');
Anal. Calcd for CnHnN5O: C 57.63, H 4.83, N 30.55, found C 57.37, H 4.64, N
30.68.
The structure was confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis using crystals
obtained from C-18 column fractions. A portion of C-18 column fractions containing
a mixture of the desired 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazolyl analog 3-81 and isomeric 5-methyl-
1,2,4-triazolyl analog 4-81 was further purified by C-18 reverse phase column eluting
with 8-10% CHaCN/HiO. Appropriate fractions were extracted with CH2C12, and
slow evaporation of the solvent gave crystalline material of the isomeric 7-(5-methyll,
2,4-triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole (4-81): MS m/z 230 (MH), H NMR (CDC13)
8ppm 3.05 (3H, s, CH3), 4.07 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.74 (1H, q, J=2.4, H-2), 7.37 (1H, t,
J=2.4, H-3), 7.65 (1H, s, H-5), 8.07 (1H, s, triazole-H-3). The structure was
confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Procedure: A1C13 (40 g, 0.3 mol, 15 eq.) was dissolved in a solution of CH2C12 (100
mL) and nitromethane (20 mL) under dry nitrogen. To this solution was added
compound 3-81 (4.58 g, 0.02 mol) under stirring and under N2, followed by methyl
chlorooxoacetate (9.8 g, 0.08 mol, 4 eq.). The mixture was stirred under N2 at room
temperature for 1.5 h. The mixture was added drop-wise to a cold and stirred
solution of 20% aqueous ammonium acetate solution (750 mL). The mixture was
stirred for 20 min and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed thoroughly with
water and dried in vacua to obtain 4.7 g (0.015 mol, Y. 75%) of the title compound 5-
81 as white solid: MS m/z 316 (MH); HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for Ci4H14N5O4
(M+H), 316.1046; found 316.1041 (A -1.6 ppm); H NMR (CDC13, 500 MHz) 5ppm
2.58 (3H, s, CH3), 3.96 (3H, s, OCH3), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 7.76 (1H, s, H-5), 8.34
(1H, d, J=3Hz, H-2), 9.15 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 11.0 (1H, brs, NH). More title
compound 5-81 and hydrolyzed acid 6-81 can be obtained from the filtrate by acidbase
extraction with EtOAc.
Procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 5-81 (2.2 g, 7.0 mmol) in MeOH (50
mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (56 mL, 14 mmol, 2 eq.) at room
temperature and the mixture stirred for 15 min by which time HPLC indicated the
hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua quickly to remove
MeOH, and to the residual solution was added water (100 mL) and IN HC1 (14 mL)
with stirring to neutralize the mixture. The resultant fine precipitate was filtered,
washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 1.98 g ( 6.58 mmol, Y. 94%) of the
title compound 6-81 as off-white solid: MS m/z 302 (MH); H NMR (DMSO-^j, 500
MHz) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3.98 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.87
(1H, s, H-5), 8.29 (1H, d, J=3.5Hz, H-2), 9.25 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.37 (1H, s,
NH).
Alternative procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 5-81 (10.7 g, 34 mmol) in
MeOH (150 mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (272 mL, 68 mmol, 2
eq.) at room temperature and the mixture stirred for 20 min by which time HPLC
indicated the hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua
quickly to remove MeOH, and the.residual solution was extracted with EtOAc to
remove any neutral impurities. To the aqueous phase was added IN HC1 (68 mL, 68
mmol) to neutralize the product. The resultant mixture was frozen and lyophilized to
obtain 14.1 g ( 33.7 mmol, Y. 99.2%) of the title compound 6-81, containing 2 mole
equivalents of NaCl as off-white solid. This material was used in the subsequent
reaction without further purification. The sodium salt of the title compound 6-81 was
obtained by C-18 reverse phase column cbromatography after sodium bicarbonate
treatment: HPLC 97% (AP, uv at 254nm); HRMS (Na salt, ESI") for
C13H10N5O4 (M-H), 300.0733; found 300.0724 (A -3 ppm); H NMR (Na salt,
DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) 5 ppm 2.37 (3H, s, Me), 3.83 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.56 (1H, s, H-5),
8.03 (1H, s, H-2), 9.32 (1H, s, triazole-H-5); 13C NMR (Na salt, DMSO-4s, 125.7
MHz) 8 ppm 13.8 (triazole-Me), 57.2 (OMe), 114.8 (C-3), 120.0 (C-5), 125.1, 143.5
(C-55), 149.8 (C-4), 160.0 (C-3'), 171.7,191.3.
Procedure: To a solution of the acid 6-81 (3.01 g, 10 mmol) and benzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride (3.39 g, 15 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was added triethylamine (10.1 g,
100 mmol, 10 eq.), followed by l-[3-(dimemylammo)propyl]-3-ethylcarboftirflide
hydrochloride (EDC; 5.75 g, 30 mmol) under N2 and the mixture stirred at room
temperature for 22 h after sonication and at 40°C for 2 h. The mixture was
concentrated in vacua to remove DMF and TEA, and to the residual solution was
added water (200 mL) under stirring and sonication. The precipitates formed were
collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 2.8 g (5.9 mmol, Y. 59%)
of the title compound Example 316 as off-white solid. The filtrate was extracted
with CH2C12 (x2). The CH2C12 extracts were dried (Na2SO4), filtered and
concentrated to gum which was triturated with Et2O to obtain a solid. This solid was
suspended and triturated with MeOH to obtain 400 mg of the title compound
Example 316 as off-white solid. Total yield: 3.2 g (6.8 mmol, Y. 68%): MS m/z 474
(MH); HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd for OHC (M+H) 474.1890, found 474.1884 (A -
1.2 ppm); H NMR (DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks),
3.43 (4H, br, CHaN), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.99 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-
Hs), 7.88 (IH, s, indole-H-5), 8.25 (IH, s, indole-H-2), 9.25 (IH, s, triazole-H-5),
12.40 (IH, s, NH); 13C-NMR (DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 13.78, 40.58, 45.11, 56.78,114.11,
120.95, 122.71, 123.60, 126.98, 128.34, 129.6, 135.43, 138.52, 142.10, 149.15,
161.29,166.17,169.22,185.42; UV (MeOH) Xmax 233.6 nm (e 3.43xl04), 314.9 nm
(e 1.73xl04); Anal: Calc for C24H24N7O4.1/5H2O; C 60.42, H 4.94, N 20.55, Found;
C 60.42, H 5.03, N 20.65; KF (H2O) 0.75%.
This reaction can also be performed by use of HATU and DMAP to provide more
consistent yield of the title compound: To a suspension of the acid 6-81 (15.6 mmol)
and HATU [O-(7-azabenzotriazol-l-yl) -tetramethyluronium
hexafluorophos phonate] (8.90 g, 23.4 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in DMF (60 mL) and CH2C12
(60 mL) was added a mixture of DMAP (5.72 g, 46.8 mmol, 3 eq.) and
benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (5.30 g, 23.4 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in DMF (60 mL) at
room temperature and the mixture was stirred under nitrogen atmosphere for 4 hrs.
The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove QHfeCh and most of DMF, and to
the residual solution was added water under stirring and sonication. The precipitates
formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 5.38 g (11.4
mmol, Y. 72.8%) of the title compound Example 316 as off-white solid: HPLC
95% (AP, uv at 254nm).
Preparation of Example 317
Example 317
Procedure: To a solution of the acid 6-81, containing 2 mole equivalent of NaCl (4.1
g, 9.8 mmol) in CH2C12 (30 mL) and DMF (30 mL) was added at -10°C under
anhydrous nitrogen HATU [O-(7-azabenzotriazol-lyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetrmethyluroniuni
hexafluorophosphate] (5.59 g, 14.7 mmol; 1.5 eq.), and stirred at -10°C for SOmin.
To this mixture was added a solution of 2-(R)-methyl-N-benzoylpiperazuie
trifluoroacetate (4.7 g, 14.7 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and dimemylaminopyridine (3.5 g, 29
mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (30 mL) and CH2Cl2 (30 mL) and the mixture stirred at room
temperature overnight, by which time HPLC analysis indicated reaction was
essentially complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to remove valatiles and
DMF, and to the residue was added water (-150 mL) under stirring and sonication.
The precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to
obtain 4.3 g of the title compound Example 317 as off-white solid. This was
dissolved in 20% MeOH in CH2C12 (about 250 mL), removing any insoluble material,
and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to remove more volatile CH2C12. The
resultant precipitate was collected, washed with MeOH and then with Et2O to obtain
3.5 g (7.18 mmol, Y. 73.2%; AP >99%) of the title compound Example 317 as offwhite
solid: LC/MS m/z 488 (MH); 1H NMR (DMSO-Jd) 8 ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d,
J = 7Hz), 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3-4.3 (8H, m, CH2N), 3.98,
4.00 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.45 (5H, m, Ar-Hs), 7.89 (1H, s, indole-H-5), 8.19, 8.26 (1H,
2s, indole-H-2), 9.24, 9.25 (1H, 2s, triazole-H-5), 12.40 (1H, br.s, NH); Anal: Calc
for C25H25N7O4; C 61.59, H 5.16, N 20.11, Found; C 61.69, H 5.27, N 20.10; KF
(H20) 0.1%.
The following compounds, Examples 187,245, and 241, were also prepared by the
method described above using appropriate azoles (1,2,4-triazole for Example 187,
and Example 245; 3-methylpyrazole for Example 241.
Example 187 Example 245
Preparation of Example 316
Example 241
Alternate Preparation of Example 316
Precursor 5fa Example 316
A mixture of compound precursor 5b (150 mg, 0.35 mmol), 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazole
(581 mg, 7 mmol; 20 eq.; prepared by the method described in Coll Czech. Chem.
Comm. 1985, 49, 2492), copper powder (45 mg, 0.7 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium
carbonate (97 mg, 0.7 mmol; 2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated
in a sealed tube at 160°C for 11 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH,
and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and
purified by C-18 reverse phase column (Prep. System eluting with MeOH-water
containing 0.1% TFA) to obtain 19 mg (0.040 mmol, Y. 11%) of the title compound
Example 216 as amorphous powder (TFA salt): MS m/e 474 (MH); H NMR
(DMSO-d6) 5 ppm 2.50 (3H, s, overlapped with DMSO peaks), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N),
3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.00 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.89 (1H, s), 8.25
(1H, s), 9.24 (1H, s), 12.41 (1H, s, NH).
Alternate Preparation of Example 317
Example 317
A mixture of compound 5z (220 mg, 0.5 mmol), 3-methyl-l,2,4-triazole (830 mg, 10
mmol; 20 eq.; prepared by the method described in Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm. 1985,
49, 2492), copper powder (63.5 mg, 1 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium carbonate (138 mg, 1
mmol; 2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at
160°C for 11 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble
material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and purified by C-18
reverse phase column (Prep. System eluting with gradient 0-70% MeOH-water
containing 0.1% TFA) to obtain 24 mg (0.049 mmol, Y. 9.8%) of the title compound
Example 317 as amorphous powder (TFA salt): MS m/e 488 (MH); 'H NMR
(CD3OD) 8 ppm 1.30,1.35 (3H, 2d, J=7Hz), 2.54 (3H, s, CH3), 3-4.5 (8H, m, CH2N),
4.04,4.05 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 7.46,7.47 (5H, 2s, Ar-Hs), 7.85, 7.86 (1H, 2s), 8.28, 8.31
(1H, 2s), 9.22 (1H, s).
Preparation of Example 318
A mixture of compound 5b (150 mg, 0.35 mmol), 4-methylrmidazole (517 mg, 6.2
mmol; 18 eq.; Aldrich), copper powder (26 mg, 0.42 mmol; 1.2 eq.), potassium
carbonate (57 mg, 0.42 mmol; 1.2 eq.) was flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and
heated in a sealed tube at 160°C for 6 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added
MeOH, and the insoluble material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in
vacuo and purified by C-18 reverse phase column elating with 15% CH3CN-water
containing 0.1% TFA to obtain 32 mg (0.068 mmol, Y. 19%) of the title compound
Example 318 as amorphous powder (TFA salt). H-NMR indicates contamination of
about 30% of the isomeric product, 5-methylimidazolyl analog: MS (ES) m/e 473
(MH); 'H NMR (CD3OD) 8 ppm 2.25 (s), 2.51 (3H, s, CH3), 3.63 (4H, br, CH2N),
3.9 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.13 (3H, s, CH3O), 4.15 (s), 7.50 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.60 (s),
7.89 (1H, s), 8.03 (1H, s), 8.11 (s), 8.43 (1H, s), 9.35 (s), 9.42 (1H, s).
A mixture of precursor 4-81b (30 mg, 0.11 mmol; prepared from 7-(5-methyl-l,2,4-
triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole by the method used for the best mode-preparation
of Example 316), benzoylpiperazine hydrochloride (39 mg, 0.17 mmol),
triethylamine (200 mg, 1.9 mmol; 18 eq.), l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-
ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC; 77 mg, 0.45 mmol) in 1:1 DMF-NMP (1 mL)
was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 20 h. The mixture was concentrated in
vacuo to remove DMF and to the residue was added water and the mixture stirred to
form precipitates which were collected and dried to obtain 14 mg (0.030 mmol, Y.
27%) of the title compound Example 319 as amorphous powder: MS m/e 474 (MH);
JH NMR (DMSO-d6) 8 ppm 2.67 (3H, s, CH3), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br,
CH2N), 4.02 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.98 (1H, s), 8.21 (1H, s), 8.24
(1H, s), 12.57 (1H, s, NH).
A mixture of compound 4-81b (30 mg, 0.11 mmol; prepared from 7-(5-methyl-1,2,4-
triazolyl)-4-methoxy-6-azaindole by the method used for the best mode-preparation
of Example 316), 2R-methyl-l-benzoylpiperazine trifluoroacetate (54 mg, 0.17
mmol), triethylamine (200 mg, 1.9 mmol; 18 eq.), l-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-
ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC; 77 mg, 0.45 mmol) in 1:1 DMF-NMP (1 mL)
was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 20 h. More EDC (20 mg) was added to
the mixture and stirred for additional 6 h. The mixture was concentrated in vacua to
remove DMF and to the residue was added water and the product was extracted with
EtOAc twice. The EtOAc extracts were dried (MgSCW, filtered and concentrated.
The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with
5%MeOH-CH2Cl2 to obtain 10 mg (0.021 mmol, Y. 19%) of the title compound
Example 320 as amorphous powder: MS m/e 488 (MH); H NMR (CDC13) 5 ppm
1.33, 1.36 (3H, 2d, J=7Hz), 3.00 (3H, s, CH3), 3-4.6 (8H, m, CH2N), 4.05 (3H, s,
CH3O), 7.38-7.44 (5H, m, Ar-Hs), 7.81 (1H, s), 8.02 (1H, s), 8.16, 8.17, 8.18, 8.19
(lH,4s), 11.10 (lH,s,NH).
Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (6.0 g, 0.1 mol; Aldrich) and
thiopropionamide (8.92 g, 0.1 mol; TCI) was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath
temp.) for 2 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen. It was cooled and stored at room
temperature overnight. The solid reaction mixture was suspended in 20%
EtOAc/CH2Q2) removing insoluble solid and the filtrate was concentrated. The
residue was purified by column chromatography, eluting first with 50-80%
EtOAc/CH2Cl2, removing by-products, and then with 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2, collecting
5.4 g (0.056 mol, Y. 56 %) of the tide compound as a solid: MS (ESI -) m/z 96 (MH);
H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 1.37 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 2.88 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz), 8.06 (1H,
5-H), 9.4 (1H, br, NH).
A mixture of 4-methoxy-7-chloro-6-azaindole 2e (910 mg, 5.0 mmol),
potassium carbonate (1.38 g, 10 mmol, 2 eq.), copper powder (635 mg, 10 mmol, 2
eq.), and 3-ethyl-l,2,4-triazole (2.4 g, 25 mmol, 5 eq.) in a sealed tube was heated at
145-150°C (external oil bath temperature) for 52 h, by which time HPLC analysis
indicated no more reaction progressed. After cooling, MeOH was added, the
insoluble material (copper powder) was filtered through a Celite pad, and rinsed with
methanol. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua. The residue was purified by silica
gel column chromatography (50% EtOAc/CH2Cl2) to obtain 450 mg of the products
as an about 4:1 mixture of two regio-isomers. This was further separated by C-18
reverse phase silica gel (YMC, ODS-A 75 pin) eluted with 15% CH3CN/H2O
containing 0.1% TFA. The fractions containing the major isomer were concentrated
in vacuo to remove acetonitrile and the aqueous solution was extracted with CH2C12
after neutralizing with aqueous sodium bicarbonate to obtain the title compound 3-82
(305 mg, 1.25 mmol; Y. 25%): HPLC 97% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 244
(M+H); JH NMR (CDC13) Sppm 1.43 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz; CH3), 2.91 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz;
CH2), 4.05 (3H, s, OCH3), 6.71 (IH, dd, J=6, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.57 (IH, t, J=3 Hz, H-2),
7.57 (IH, s, H-5), 9.16 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 10.3 (IH, br, NH).
Preparation of 4-82
Procedure: AlCla (2.50 g, 18.8 mmol, 15 eq.) was dissolved in a solution
(8 mL) and nitromethane (2 mL) under dry nitrogen. To this solution was added
compound 3-82 (305 mg, 1.26 mmol) under stirring and under N2) followed by
methyl chlorooxoacetate (612 mg, 5.0 mol, 4 eq.). The mixture was stirred under N2
at room temperature for 1.5 h. The mixture was added drop-wise to a cold and stirred
solution of 20% aqueous ammonium acetate solution (120 mL). The mixture was
stirred for 30 min and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed thoroughly with
water and dried in vacua to obtain 320 mg (0.97 mmol, Y. 77%) of the title
compound 5-82 as a solid: HPLC purity 97% (AP at 254nm); LC/MS m/z 330
(M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-40 Sppm 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, CH3), 2.85 (2H3 q, J=7.5
Hz, CH2), 3.89 (3H, s, OCH3), 3.99 (3H, s, OCH3), 7.90 (IH, s, H-5), 8.35 (IH, s, H-
2), 9.25 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 12.4 (IH, brs, NH).
Procedure: To a suspension of the methyl ester 4-82 (315 mg, 0.957 mmol) in
MeOH (8 mL) was added 0.25M NaOH solution in water (7.6 mL, 1.9 mmol, 2 eq.)
at room temperature and the mixture stirred for 15 min by which time HPLC
indicated the hydrolysis was complete. The mixture was concentrated in vacua
quickly to remove MeOH, and to the residual solution was added water (-10 mL) and
IN HC1 (2 mL) with stirring to neutralize the mixture. The resultant fine precipitate
was filtered, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain 285 mg (0.904 mmol, Y.
94%) of the title compound 5-82 as off-white solid: HPLC purity >96% (AP at
254nm); LC/MS m/z 316 (M+H); H NMR (DMSO- Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 3.97 (3H, s, CH3O), 7.88 (1H, s, H-5), 8.30 (1H,
d, J=3 Hz, H-2), 9.24 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.28 (1H, s, NH).
A mixture of the acid 5-82 (126 mg, 0.4 mmol) and HATU (O-(7-
azabenzotriazol-l-yl)-N,N)N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafmorophosphonate, 228
mg, 0.6 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in a mixture of CHaCfe (2 mL) and DMF (2 mL) was stirred
for SOmin under N2. To this mixture was added a mixture of benzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride (136 mg, 0.60 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and DMAP (dimethylaminipyriduie, 147
mg,1.2 mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (2 mL), and the mixture ws stirred at room temperature
under N2 for 15 min, by which tune HPLC indicated the reaction was complete. The
mixture was quickly concentrated in vacua to remove DMF and all volatile materials,
and to the residue was added water (50 mL) under stirring and sonication. The
precipitates formed were collected, washed with water and dried in vacua to obtain
160 mg (0.328 mmol, Y. 82%) of the title compound Example 321 as off-white
solid: HPLC purity 100% (AP, at 254nm); LC/MS m/z 488 (M+H); :H NMR
(DMSO-J6) S ppm 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 3.43
(4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.00 (3H, s, CH30), 7.46 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs),
7.89 (1H, s, indole-H-5), 8.26 (1H, s, iadole-H-2), 9.25 (1H, s, triazole-H-5), 12.32
(1H, br.s, NH).
Procedure: A mixture of the acid 5-82 (79 mg, 0.25 mmol) and HATU (O-(7-
a2abenzotriazol-l-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurom'ura hexafluorophosphonate, 142
mg, 0.375 mmol; 1.5 eq.) in a mixture of CHaCla (1 mL) and DMF (1 mL) was stirred
for 30min under N2. To this mixture was added a mixture of benzoylpiperazine
hydrochloride (136 mg, 0.60 mmol; 1.5 eq.) and DMAP (dimethylaminipyridine, 92
mg, 0.75 mmol; 3 eq.) in DMF (1 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room
temperature under N2 for 15 min, by which time HPLC indicated the reaction was
complete. The mixture was quickly concentrated in vacua to remove all solvents,
CHada and DMF, and to the residue was added water (-25 mL) under stirring and
sonication. The resultant gum were further washed with water and collected by
decantation. The residual gum was dried in vacuo. The solution of this gum in
isopropanol was concentrated in vavuo to remove any residual water. Addition of
anhydrous diethyl ether and trituaration gave 90 mg (0.18 mmol, Y. 72%) of the title
compound Example 322 as off-white solid: HPLC purity -95% (AP, at 254nra);
LC/MS m/z 502 (M+H); JH NMR (DMSO-rfd) 5 ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d, J=6.6 Hz,
Me), 1.35 (3H, t, J=7.5 Hz, Me), 2.85 (2H, q, J=7.5 Hz, CH2), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N,
CHN), 3.99, 4.00 (3H, 2s,-CH3O), 7.45 (5H; br. s, Ph-Hs), 7.89 (IH, s, indole-H-5),
8.20, 8.25 (IH, 2s, indole-H-2), 9.24, 9.25 (IH, 2s, triazole-H-5), 12.29, 12.32 (IH,
2br.s,NH).
The following compounds, Example 323, and Example 324, were prepared by the
method described above using 3-(methoxymethyl)-l,2,4-triazole (10-83).
Procedure: To a mixture of methoxyacetonitrile (25 g, 0.35 mol: Aldrich) and
diethylamine (1 g, 8.6 mmol) was condensed H2S (50 mL), and the mixture was
sealed, and heated at 50°C for 14 hrs. After cooling volatile materials were
evaporated and the residue was dissolved in water, extracted with EtOAc several
times. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous
Na2SO4, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column
chromatography (EtOAc:CH2Cl2=l:10) to obtain 13 g (0.12 mol, Y. 35%) of the title
compound as a dark oil: GC/MS m/z 105 (M); H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 3.43 (3H, s,
CH3),4.26(2H,s,CH2).
Procedure: A solid mixture of formic hydrazide (4.58 g, 0.0763 mol) and
methoxythioacetamide (8.92 g, 0.1 mol) was heated with stirring at 150°C (oil bath
temp.) for 2 hrs with a gentle stream of nitrogen. It was cooled and stored at room
temperature overnight. The solid reaction mixture was suspended in 20%
EtOAc/CH2C12, removing insoluble solid and the filtrate was concentrated. The
residue was purified by column chromatography, eluting first with 50-80%
EtOAc/CH2Cl2, removing by-products, and then with 10% MeOH/CH2Cl2, collecting
3.8 g (0.034 mol, Y. 44 %) of the title compound 10-83 as a solid: JH NMR (CDC13)
5ppm 3.48 (3H, s, MeO), 4.67 (2H, s, CH2), 8.10 (1H, s, 5-H).
462
Y. 9 %: HPLC 98% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 260 (M+H); H NMR
(CDC13) 5ppm 3.53 (3H, s, MeO), 4.06 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 4.69 (2H, s, CH2), 6.73
(IH, dd, J=3, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.40 (IH, t, J=2.7 Hz, H-2), 7.58 (IH, s, H-5), 9.16 (IH,
s, triazole-H-5), 10.2 (IH, br, NH).
Compound 12-83
Y. 78 %: HPLC 100 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 346 (M+H); 'H NMR
(CD3OD) 8ppm 3.51 (3H, s, MeO), 3.94 (3H, s, MeO), 4.05 (3H, s, MeO), 4.71 (2H,
s, CH2), 7.87 (IH, s), 8.35 (IH, s), 9.33 (IH, s, triazole-H-5).
Compound 13-83
Y. 97 %: HPLC 98 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 332 (M+H); :H NMR
(CDC13) 5ppm 3.49 (IH, s, OH), 3.55 (3H, s, MeO), 4.10 (3H, s, MeO), 4.72 (2H, s,
CH2), 7.84 (IH, s, H-5), 9.13 (IH, d, J=3.3 Hz), 9.21 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 11.15 (IH,
br.NH).
Example 323
Example 323
OMe
Y. 79 %: HPLC 100 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) ra/z 504 (M+H); *H NMR
(DMSO-^s) 5ppm 3.39 (3H, s, MeO), 3.42 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N),
4.01 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 4.61 (2H, s, CH2), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.92 (IH, s), 8.27 (IH,
s), 9.36 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 12.42 (IH, br.s, NH).
Example 324
Example 324
Y. 69 %: HPLC97 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 518 (M+H); JH NMR
(DMSO-&) 5ppm 1.15, 1.22 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m, CH2N, CHN),
3.39 (3H, s, MeO), 4.00, 4.01 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 4.61 (2H, s, CH2), 7.4-7.5 (5H, m, Ph-
Hs), 7.92 (IH, s, indole-H-5), 8.21, 8.29 (IH, 2s, indole-H-2), 9.35, 9.36 (IH, 2s,
triazole-H-5), 12.4 (IH, br, NH).
The following compounds, Examples 325, 326, 327, and 328, were prepared by the
method described above using 4-methyl-l,2,3-triazole (19-84).
Procedure:
This compound 19-84 was prepared by the method described in M. Begtrup J. Chem
Soc., Perkin Transactions II, 1976,736.
A mixture of m-nitrobenzoyl azide (38.4 g, 0.200 mol; prepared from m-nitrobenzoyl
chloride and sodium azide following the procedure described in Org. Syn. Coll. Vol.
IV, 1963, p. 715) and l-triphenylphosphoranylidene-2-propanone (63.6 g, 0.200 mol:
Aldrich) in CHjQb (300 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The mixture
was concentrated in vacuo to obtain a solid. This solid was dissolved in MeOH, and
the solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 min, and the precipitates formed
were removed. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was extracted
with water (500 mL) containing TFA (17 mL). This solution was washed once with a
small amount of CHaCh to remove the most of triphenylphosphine, and the aqueous
phase neutralized with NaHCOS to pH 7 and extracted five times with CHaCla (total
of 500 mL). The combined extracts were dried over Na2SO4, concentrated to obtain
7.6 g (0.091 mol, Y. 46%) of the title compound 19-84 as a yellow oil: JH NMR
(CDC13) Sppm 2.37 (3H, s, Me), 7.50 (1H, s, 5-H), 10.41 (1H, br, NH).
Compound 20-84
Yield 5-9 %: HPLC purity 100% (RT 1.89mm, AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 230
(M+H); H NMR (CDC13) 8ppm 2.47 (3H, s, Me), 4.07 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 6.74 (1H, t,
J=2.7 Hz, H-3), 7.42 (1H, t, J=2.7 Hz, H-2), 7.62 (1H, s, H-5), 8.41 (1H, s, triazole-
H-5), 10.3 (1H, br, NH).
The structure was confirmed by a single X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Compound 21-84
Yield 11-14 %: HPLC purity 100% (RT 1.36min, AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z
230 (M+H); :H NMR (CDC13) 5ppm 2.48 (3H, s, Me), 4.06 (3H, s, 4-OCH3), 6.74
(IH, dd, J=3, 2.4 Hz, H-3), 7.39 (IH, t, J=3 Hz, H-2), 7.68 (IH, s, H-5), 7.72 (IH, br,
triazole-H-5), 10.25 (IH, br, NH).
Compound 22-84
Yield 79 %: HPLC purity 94% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 316 (M+H); 1R
NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.49 (3H, s, Me), 3.96 (3H, s, OMe), 4.07 (3H, s, OMe), 7.81
(IH, s, H-5), 8.38 (IH, d, J=3.3 Hz, H-2), 8.42 (IH, s, triazole-H-5), 11.07 (IH, br,
NH).
Compound 23-84
Yield 81 %: HPLC purity >95% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 316 (M+H); *H
NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.49 (3H, s, Me), 4.00 (3H, s, OMe), 4.05 (3H, s, OMe), 7.72
(IH, s, H-5), 7.89 (IH, br.s, triazole-H-5), 8.33 (IH, d, J=3 Hz, H-2), 11 (IH, br,
NH).
Compound 24-84
Yield 83 %: HPLC purity 98% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 302 (M+H); 'H
NMR (CD3OD) 8ppm 2.46 (3H, s, Me), 4.06 (3H, s, OMe), 7.89 (IH, s, H-5), 8.39
(IH, d, J=3.3 Hz, H-2), 8.58 (IH, s, triazole-H-5).
Compound 25-84
Yield 74 %: HPLC purity 100% (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 302 (M+H); :H
NMR (CD3OD) 6ppm 2.50 (3H, s, Me), 4.05 (3H, s, OMe), 7.84 (IH, s), 7.90 (IH,
s), 8.39 (IH, s).
Example 325
Example 325
Y. 76 %: HPLC 98 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 474 (M+H); XH NMR
(DMSO-40 5ppm 2.40 (3H, s, Me), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.02
(3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.96 (IH, s), 8.21 (IH, s), 8.68 (IH, s, triazole-
H-5), 12.72 (lH,br.s,NH).
Example 326
Y. 62 %: HPLC 97 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 488 (M+H); H NMR
(DMSO-^j) 5ppm 1.14,1.21 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.40 (3H, s, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m,
CH2N, CHN), 4.01, 4.02 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.96 (IH, s)/8.16,
8.23 (IH, 2s), 8.675, 8.68 (IH, 2d, J=2.5 Hz), 12.72 (IH, br.s, NH).
Compound Example 327
Example 327
Y. 73 %: HPLC 96 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 474 (M+H); JH NMR
(DMSO-4) 8ppm 2.45 (3H, s, Me), 3.44 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.68 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.01
(3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.46 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.93 (IH, s), 8.04 (IH, s), 8.24 (IH, d, J=3Hz,
H-2), 12.51 (IH, br.s, NH).
Example 328
Y. 74 %: HPLC 99 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 488 (M+H); :H NMR
(DMSO-40 8ppm 1.15,1.22 (3H, 2d, J=7 Hz, Me), 2.45 (3H, s, Me), 2.9-4.4 (7H, m,
CH2N, CHN), 4.00,4.01 (3H, 2s, CH30), 7.45 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.92 (IH, s), 8.03 (IH,
s), 8.18, 8.26 (IH, 2s), 12.5 (IH, br.s, NH).
Preparation of Example 329
A mixture of compound 5b (128 mg, 0.3 mmol), imidazole-4-propionic acid (1.26 g,
9 mmol; 30 eq.; prepared from urocanic acid by catalytic hydrogenation using 10%
Pd-C in acetic acid, following the procedure described in J. Altaian, N. Shoef, M.
Wilchek, and A. Warshawsky J. Ghent Soc., PerJdn Trans. I, 1984, 59), copper
powder (38 mg, 0.6 mmol; 2 eq.), potassium carbonate (83 mg, 0.6 mmol; 2 eq.) was
flushed with anhydrous nitrogen and heated in a sealed tube at 190°-200°C (oil bath
temp.) for 2 h. Upon cooling, to the mixture was added MeOH, and the insoluble
material was filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacua and purified by C-18
reverse phase column (YMC, eluting with 15% CHsCN-water containing 0.1% TFA)
to obtain 12 mg (0.023 mmol, Y. 7.5%) of the title compound Example 329 as
amorphous powder (about 1:1 mixture of two regio-isomers): HPLC purity 96% (AP,
at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 531 (M+H); H NMR (CD3OD) 6 ppm 2.74, 3.00 (2H,
2t, J=7 Hz), 2.82, 3.11 (2H, 2t, J=7 Hz), 3.59 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.79 (4H, br, CH2N),
.79,4.10 (3H, 2s, CH3O), 6.73 (s), 7.33 (s), 7.48 (5H, br. s, Ar-Hs), 7.93 (br.s), 8.00
(s), 8.10 (s), 8.40 (s), 8.77 (s), 9.43 (br.s).
The following compounds, Examples 330 and 331 were similarly prepared by
following the above procedure.
Example 330
Y. 10 % (150°C, 7h): HPLC 93 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 485 (M+H); XH
NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz) Sppm 3.63 (4H, br, CH2N), 3.84 (4H, br, CH2N), 4.05
(3H, s, 4-MeO), 7.32 (2H, m, pyr-Hs), 7.52 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.71 (IH, s), 8.06 (IH, t,
J=7.5 Hz, pyr-H), 8.48 (IH, d, J=4.5 Hz), 8.60 (IH, s).
Example 331
Y. 10 % (150°C, 7h): HPLC 93 % (AP at 254nm); MS (LC/MS) m/z 563 (M+H); XH
NMR (CDC13) Sppm 2.76 (3h. S, Me), 3.55 (4H, br, CHzN), 3.78 (4H, br, CH2N),
4.09 (3H, s, 4-MeO), 6.71 (IH, t, J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.43 (5H, s, Ph-Hs), 7.68 (IH, t,
J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.82 (IH, t, J=7 Hz, pyr-H), 7.91(1H, s), 8.15 (IH, s), 10.84 (IH, br,
A mixture of precursor 5w (71.5 mg, 0.17 mmol) in MeOH (1.5 mL) was cooled to
0°C, and saturated with hydrogen chloride gas over the course of 10 min. The
volatiles were then evaporated via blowing N2 overnight to provide precursor 5wa.
H NMR: (DMSO-d (s, 5H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.80 - 3.30 (b m, 8H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 436,
HPLCRt = 1.357 (Column G).
To a mixture of precursor 5wa (10 mg, 23 jimol) in acetic acid (0.4 mL) and acetic
anhydride (0.75 mL) at 0°C, was added NaNO2 (30 mg, 0.43 mmol). The reaction
mixture was stirred at 0°C for 30 min, and allowed to warm, to ambient temperature.
After stirring for an additional 1.5 hr, the mixture was filtered and the residue dried
under vacuum to give the desired compound 5wb an off-white solid. XH NMR:
(CD3OD) 5 8.44 (s, IH), 8.08 (s, IH), 7.48 (b s, 5H), 4.14-3.27 (m, 8H), 4.14 (s, 3H);
LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 437, HPLC Rt = 0.750 (Column G).
Precursor 5wc
A flask was charged with precursor 5wb (2.6 mg, 6.0 pmol), DMF (0.5 mL), tertbutyl
carbazate (1.2 mg, 8.9 jimol), DEPBT (5.4 mg, 18 nmol), and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine
(10 nL, 30 pmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to stir at
ambient temperature overnight. The product 5wc was separated using the following
reverse phase preparative HPLC method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient
time = 6min, Row Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pinl9x50mm,
Fraction Collection: 4.38 - 4.59 min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.29 (s, IH), 8.11 (s,
IH), 7.47 (b s, 5H), 4.11-3.28 (m, 8H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.50 (b s, 9H); LC/MS: (ES+)
m/z (M+H)+ = 551, HPLC Rt = 1.203 (Column G).
Precursor 5wd
To precursor 5wc (57 mg, 0.104 mmol) was added a solution of HC1 in 1,4-dioxane
(4 M, 0.25 mL), and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature.
The deprotection afforded the desired product precursor 5wd cleanly. The excess
reagent and solvent were evaporated via blowing Na, and the product dried under
vacuum. LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 451, HPLC Rt = 0.803 (Column G).
precursor 5we precursor 5wf
A solution of precursor Swe (106 mg, 0.25 mmol) in MeOH (2.5 mL) in a sealed
tube at 0°C was flushed with N2, and saturated with HC1 gas for 10 min. The tube
was closed and the reaction mixture was stirred at 70°C for 50 minutes. After
cooling to ambient temperature, the volatiles were evaporated in vacuo to give
precursor 5wf. H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.33, 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.13, 8.12 (s, 1H), 7.48-
7.44 (m, 5H), 4.60-3.10 (b m, 7H), 4.12, 4.11 (s, 3H) 4.06 (s, 3H), 1.35,1.29 (d, / =
6.5,7.0,3H); LC/MS: (ES+)m/z (M+H)+ = 465, HPLC Rt = 0.993 (Column G).
Precursor 5w%
To a solution of precursor 5wf (65 mg, 0.14 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) was added
NaOH (1.5 mL, 1N aq.~). The mixture was stirred for 2 hours, and upon which time
HC1 (1.5 mL, 1 N aq.) was added to quench the reaction. The volatiles were
evaporated in vacuo to give precursor 5wg. *H NMR: (TFA solvate, CDaOD) 8
8.54, 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.11 (b s, 1H), 7.57-7.48 (b s, 5H), 4.60-3.10 (b m, 7H), 4.17,4.16
(s, 3H), 1.37,1.33 (d, /= 6.5, 6.0, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 451, HPLC Rt
= 0.837 (Column G).
Precursor 5wh
To a mixture of precursor 5wg (22 mg, 0.048 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) were added
fcrt-butyl carbazate (14 mg, 0.11 mmol), DEPBT (53 mg, 0.18 mmol), and N,Ndiisopropylethylamine
(40 (iL, 0.23 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred
overnight, and the desired compound precursor 5wh was isolated via preparative
reverse phase HPLC using the following conditions: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100,
Gradient time = 6min, Flow Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS
5nml9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 4.37 - 4.98 min. 1H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.28,
8.26 (s, 1H), 8.08 (b s, 1H), 7.47-7.43 (m, 5H), 4.75-3.26 (m, 7H), 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.50
(b s, 9H), 1.36-1.27 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H) = 565, HPLC Rt = 1.207
(Column G).
Precursor 5wi
A mixture of precursor 5wh in a solution of HC1 in 1,4-dioxane (0.2 mL, 4 M) was
stirred for 3.5 hr at ambient temperature. The volatiles were evaporated in vacuo, and
the crude mixture was purified via reverse phase preparative HPLC using the
following method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time = 6mm, How Rate =
30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pinl9x50mm, Fraction Collection: 3.20 -
3.80 mia. *H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.74, 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.31, 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.47-7.44 (m,
5H), 4.46-3.35 (m, 7H), 4.18, 4.10 (s, 3H), 1.38-1.22 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 465, HPLC R, = 0.850 (Column G).
Example 333 and Example 334
Example 334
Thioacetamide (2 mg, -22 jumol) was added to Example 333 (10 ing, 20 [unol, HC1
salt) in a round-bottom flask. The mixture was heated to 150°C for 20 minutes, after
which it was cooled to ambient temperature, and diluted with MeOH. Purification of
the desired compound Example 334 was performed via preparative reverse phase
HPLC using the following method: Start %B = 0, Final %B = 100, Gradient time =
6min, Flow Rate = 30mL/min, Column: Xerra Prep MS CIS 5pm.l9x50mm, Fraction
Collection: 3.47 - 3.86 min. H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.64, 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.04 (b s, 1H),
7.49-7.44 (m, 5H), 4.37-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.36-1.32 (m,
3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 488, HPLC Rt = 0.973 (column G).
The following examples were prepared in a similar manner as above.
Example 335
Preparation of Example 335
H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.60, 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, / = 3,1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.59-
7.54 (m, 4H), 7.50-7.46 (m, 5H), 4.37-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 1.37, 1.33 (d,
J= 6.5, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 550, HPLC Rt = 1.283(column G).
Example 336
Example 336
H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.66, 8.64 (s, IH), 8.04 (d, 7=3, IH), 7.49-7.40 (m, 5H), 4.41-
3.44 (m, 7H), 4.16,4.14 (s, 3H), 3.00 (q, /= 7.5, 2H), 1.46 (t, J = 7.5, 3H), 1.36-1.32
(m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 502, HPLC Rt = 1.007(coluron G).
Example 337
Example 337
H NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.59, 8.57 (s, IH), 8.11 (b d, IH), 7.48-7.40 (m, 9H), 4.46-3.39
(m, 7H), 4.16, 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 1.40-1.29 (m, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z
(M+H)+ = 564, HPLC Rt = 1.363 (column G).
Example 338
Example 338
JH NMR: (CD3OD) 5 9.62 (s, IH), 9.11 (s, IH), 8.82 (d, J = 5.5, IH), 8.47 (d, J =
8.5, IH), 8.19 (s, IH), 7.98 (s, IH), 7.49-7.46 (m, 5H), 4.64-3.35 (m, 7H), 4.14, 4.13
(s, 3H), 1.37, 1.32 (d, J = 7, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 551, HPLC Rt =
1.090 (column G).
Example 339
Example 339
H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.50 (s, IH), 8.17 (b d, IH), 7.53-7.45 (m, 9H), 4.64-3.35 (m,
7H), 4.14, 4.13 (s, 3H), 1.37, 1.32 (d, /= 6.5, 7, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ =
584, HPLC Rt = 1.427 (column G).
Example 340
Example 340
H NMR: (CD3OD) 6 8.56, 8.55 (s, IH), 8.36 (s, IH), 8.10 (s, IH), 7.72 (s, IH),
7.48-7.45 (m, 5H), 7.09 (s, IH), 4.64-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.15, 4.14 (s, 3H), 1.36-1.32 (m,
3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 540, HPLC Rt = 1.133 (column G).
Example 341
Example 341
*H NMR: (CD3OD) 5 8.54, 8.51 (s, IH), 8.20 (s, IH), 8.14 (s, IH), 7.48-7.39 (m,
5H), 4.71-3.44 (m, 7H), 4.14, 4.13 (s, 3H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 1.37-1.29 (m, 3H); LC/MS:
(ES+) m/z (M+H)+ = 571, HPLC Rt = 1.450 (column G).
Example 342
Example 342
XH NMR: (CD3OD) 8 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 5H), 4.16 (s, 3H), 3.92-3.39
(m, 8H), 2.64 (s, 3H); LC/MS: (ES+) m/z (M+H)* = 474, HPLC Rt = 0.903 (column
G).
Examples 343 and 344
Example 344
Precursor 5b (60 mg, 0.14 mmol), 4-fluoropyrazole (0.30 mL) (prepared as described
inMolines, H.; Wakselman, C. J. Org. Chem. 1989,54, 5618-5620), copper(O) (8.0
mg, 0.13 mmol), K2C03 (15 mg, 0.11 mmol) and EtOH (0.30 mL) were combined in
a sealed tube flushed with nitrogen and heated at 170 °C with microwave irradiation
for 1.5h. The reaction was cooled, filtered and concentrated. The residue was
purified by preparative HPLC under the standard conditions described above to
provide (6.6 mg,0.014 mmol) of Example 343 as a yellow solid and Example 344
(3.1 mg. 0.006 mmol) as a greenish solid.
Example 343: H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 8 8.56 (d, / = 4.3 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H),
7.82-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.47 (br s, 5H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 3.97-3.45 (m, 8H). MS m/z: (M+H)+
calcd for C24H2iEN6O2: 477.16; found 477.16. HPLC retention time: 1.45 minutes
(column G).
Example 344: H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 11.16 (br s, 1H), 8.59 (s 1H), 8.19 (s,
1H), 7.78-7.62 (m, 2H), 7.43 (br s, 5H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.987-3.40 (m, 8H). MS ni/z:
(M+H)+ calcd for C24H2iClN6O2: 493.13; found 493.12. HPLC retention time: 1.59
minutes (column G).
Example 353
Example 353 was prepared from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 2-
tributyl stannyl pxazole via the standard Stille coupling conditions described above.
The 7-cbloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R)
methyl piperazine benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 353, 4-
azaindole-7-(2'-oxazole): H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.68 (s, 0.5H), 8.67 (s,
0.5H), 8.45 (s, 0.5H), 8.43 (s, 0.5H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, / = 4.9 Hz, 0.5H), 7.85 (d,
7=4.9 Hz, 0.5H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 5H), 4.45-3.06 (m, 7H), 1.48 (d, J = 6.7
Hz, 1.5H) 1.24 (d, J=6.7 Hz, 1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C24H22N5O4: 444.16;
found 444.23. HPLC retention time: 0.90 minutes (column G).
Example 354
Example 354 was prepared from the corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 2-
tributyl stannyl thiazole via the standard Stille coupHng conditions described above.
The 7-chloro precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R)
methyl piperazine benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 354: 4-
azaindole-7-(2'-thiazole): *H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.80 (s, 0.5H), 8.74-8.71
(m, 1.5H), 8.35 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.35 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.26 (d, J = 3.5 Hz,
0.5H), 8.25 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 0.5H), 8.14 (d, J = 3.1 Hz, 0.5H), 8.14 (d, / = 3.1 Hz,
0.5H), 7.50-7.42 (m, 5H), 4.48-3.08 (m, 7H), 1.36 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32 (d, / =
6.7 Hz, 1.5H). MS mfc (M+H)+ calcd for CnHbNsQiS: 460.14; found 460.20.
HPLC retention time: 0.94 minutes (column G).
Example 355
Example 355
Example 355 was prepared via the procedure used for Example 205 from the
corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and l,2,3,triazole. The 7-chloro precursor
was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine
benzamide (precursor 17b) was utilized. Example 355, 4-azaindole-7-(2'-triazole) :
B NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.79-8.76 (m, IB), 8.78 (s, 0.5H), 8.70 (s, 0.5H),
8.44 (d, 7 = 5.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.43 (d, 7 = 5.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.38 (s, IB), 8.38 (s, IB), 7.51-
7.42 (m, 5H), 4.50-3.21 (m, 7H), 1.37 (d, / = 6.7 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32 (d, / = 6.7 Hz,
1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H) calcd for C23H22N7O3: 444.17; found 444.26. HPLC
retention time: 0.90 minutes (column G).
Example 356 was prepared via the procedure used for Example 205 from the
corresponding 7-chloro precursor 5mn and 3-methyl pyrazole. The 7-chloro
precursor was prepared similarly to precursor 5d except that 2-(R) methyl piperazine
benzamide(precursor 17b)was utilized. Example 356,4-azaindole-7-(3'-methyl-2'-
pyrazole): 'HNMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.73-8.71 (m, IH), 8.70 (s, 0.5H), 8.63 (s,
0.5H), 8.64-8.60 (m, IH), 8.06 (s, 0.5H), 8.04 (s, 0.5H), 7.52-7.42 (m, 5H), 6.68 (s,
0.5H), 6.67 (s, 0.5H), 4.61-3.21 (m, 7H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.5 Hz, 1.5H) 1.32
(d, /= 6.5 Hz, 1.5H). MS m/z: (M+H)+ calcd for C^H^N^: 457.19; found 457.33.
HPLC retention time: 1.04 minutes (column G).
Biology
" means micromolar;
"mL" means milliliter,
"nl" means microliter;
"mg" means milligrara;
The materials and experimental procedures used to obtain the results reported
in Tables 1-5 are described below.
Cells:
Virus production-Human embryonic Kidney cell line, 293, propagated in
Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD)
containing 10% fetal Bovine serum (FBS, Sigma, St. Louis , MO).
• Virus infection- Human epithelial cell line, HeLa, expressing the HTV-1 receptors
CD4 and CCR5 was propagated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Life
Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) containing 10% fetal Bovine serum (FBS,
Sigma, St. Louis , MO) and supplemented with 0.2 mg/mL Geneticin (Life
Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) and 0.4 mg/mL Zeocin (Invitrogen, Carlsbad,
CA).
Virus-Single-round infectious reporter virus was produced by co-transfecting human
embryonic Kidney 293 cells with an HIV-1 envelope DNA expression vector and a
proviral cDNA containing an envelope deletion mutation and the luciferase reporter
gene inserted in place of HIV-1 nef sequences (Chen et al, Ref. 41). Transfections
were performed using lipofectAMINE PLUS reagent as described by the
manufacturer (life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD).
Experiment
1. Compound was added to HeLa CD4 CCR5 cells plated in 96 well plates at a cell
density of 5 X 104 cells per well in 100 Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium
containing 10 % fetal Bovine serum at a concentration of 20
2. 100 ul of single-round infectious reporter virus in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle
Medium was then added to the plated cells and compound at an approximate
multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 , resulting in a final volume of 200 fJl per
well and a final compound concentration of 10
3. Samples were harvested 72 h after infection.
4. Viral infection was monitored by measuring luciferase expression from viral
DNA in the infected cells using a luciferase reporter gene assay kit (Roche
Molecular Biochemicals, Indianapolis, IN). Infected cell supematants were
removed and 50 jol of Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (without phenol red)
and 50 pi of luciferase assay reagent reconstituted as described by the
manufacturer (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Indianapolis, IN) was added per
well. Luciferase activity was then quantified by measuring luminescence using a
Wallac microbeta scintillation counter.
5. The percent inhibition for each compound was calculated by quantifying the level
of luciferase expression'in cells infected in the presence of each compound as a
percentage of that observed for cells infected in the absence of compound and
subtracting such a determined value from 100.
6. An ECso provides a method for comparing the antiviral potency of the compounds
of this invention. The effective concentration for fifty percent inhibition (ECso)
was calculated with the Microsoft Excel Xlfit curve fitting software. For each
compound, curves were generated from percent inhibition calculated at 10
different concentrations by using a four paramenter logistic model (model 205).
The ECso data for the compounds is shown in Tables 2-4. Table 1 is the key for
the data in Tables 2-4.
Cytoxicity assays were conducted with the same HeLa using methodology well
known in the art. This method has been described in the literature (S Weislow, R
Kiser, DLFine, J Bader, RH Shoemaker and MR Boyd: New soluble-formazan assay
for HTV-1 cytopathic effects: application to high-flux screening of synthetic and
natural products for ADDS-antiviral activity. Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
81(8):577-586,1989.
Cells were incubated in the presence of drug for six days, after which cell viability
was measured using a dye reduction assay (MTT) and determined as a CC50. This
assay measures the intracellular reducing activity present in actively respiring cells.
(Figure Removed) Method for extrapolating % inhibition at IPuM
The compounds of Table 5 below were all found to be very potent in the assay
described above using % inhibition as a criteria. In Table 5, Xa, Xi etc. indicates the
point of attachment The vast majority of the compounds exhibited greater than 98%
inhibition at a concentration of lOuM. The data at 10(jM was calculated in the
following manner:
Method for extrapolating % inhibition at
The data in Table 5 was obtained using the general procedures above and by f
the following methods. Data is not reported for all compounds since data for all the
compounds is reported by the alternate method hi the previous Tables 1-4. The
percent inhibition for each compound was calculated by quantifying the level of
luciferase. expression in cells infected in the presence of compound as a percentage of
that observed for cells infected in the absence of compound and subtracting such a
determined value from 100. For compounds tested at concentrations less than 10 |JM,
the percent inhibition at 10 uM was determined by extrapolation using the XLfit
curve fitting feature of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software. Curves were
obtained from 10 data points (% inhibition determined at 10 concentrations of
compound) by using a four parameter logistic model (XLfit model 205: y = A + ((BA)/(
l+((C/x)D))), where, A = minimum y, B = maximum y, C = logECso, D = slope
factor, and x and y are known data values. Extrapolations were performed with the A
and B parameters unlocked.
Thus the compounds of this invention are all potent antiviral inhibitors based
on this assay.
(Figure Removed)Other Compounds of the invention:
The 5-aza inhibitors shown in Table 6 should also be active antiviral agents. They
are also part of the invention and could be prepared from precursors la or 2s or the
corresponding 7-desbromo-7-chloro precursors which are prepared analogously and
the methods herein or by using other methods described herein.
(Table Removed)The compounds in the following Tables exemplify without restriction some of the
many additional inhibitors which could be prepared by using methodology contained
herein or exemplified in the preparation of the compounds of the invention.
(Table Removed)Metabolic Stability Studies of compounds in Liver Microsomes. The metabolic
stability of compounds were investigated in pooled liver microsomes from humans.
The human liver microsomes were obtained from BD Gentest (Lot #16, Woburn,
MA) with a protein concentration of 20 mg/ml and a total cytochrome P450 (CYP)
concentration of 0.55 nmol/mg protein.
A stock solution of drug was prepared in acetonitrile at 1 mM. An aliquot of the
stock solution was added to the incubation media to give a final concentration of 3
pM of drug, and the acetonitrile concentration not exceeding 1% in the incubation.
The incubation media consisted of potassium phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4), liver
microsomes (final concentration 0.9 mg/ml), magnesium chloride (0.033 mM), and a
NADPH-regenerating system. The cof actors of the NADPH-regenerating system
consisted of NADPH (final concentration 0.425 mg/ml), glucose-6-phosphate (final
concentration 0.512 mg/ml), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (final
concentration 0.6 unit/ml). The test compound was pre-incubated in the media for 2
min. The reaction was initiated by the addition of the cofactors. The incubation was
carried out at 37°C for 10 min. The reaction was terminated by drawing an aliquot of
100 L from the incubation and adding into 200 fiL of acetonitrile containing a
reference compound as an external analytical standard. Following vortex-mixing and
centrifugation, an aliquot of 10 pL of the supernatant was analyzed by LC/MS.
GUIDELINES can be used to categorized test substances as low, intermediate or
highly cleared compounds.
Rate (nmol/min/mg) Clearance Estimate
0 - 0.100 Low
0.101 - 0.200 Intermediate
0.201 - 0.300 High
Rat Pharmacokinetic Studies:
For the IV and PO pharmacokinetic studies of compounds in rats, the compound was
dissolved in PEG-400/ethanol (90/10) as a solution.
Rat Male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g, Hilltop Lab Animals, Inc., Scottdale,
PA) with cannulas implanted in the jugular vein were used. The rats were fasted
overnight in the PO pharmacokinetic studies. Blood samples of 0.3 ml were collected
from the jugular vein in EDTA-containing microtainer tubes (Becton Dickinson,
Franklin Lakes, NJ), and centrifuged to separate plasma.
In the IV study, the test compound was delivered at 1 mg/kg as a bolus over 0.5 min
(n = 3). Serial blood samples were collected before dosing and 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60,
120, 240, 360, 480, and 1440 min after dosing.
In the PO study of the test compound, the rats (n = 3) received an oral dose of 5
mg/kg of BMS-585248. Serial blood samples were collected before dosing and 15,
30,45, 60, 120,240,360,480, and 1440 min after dosing.
Quantitation of Compounds in Plasma. Aliquots of plasma samples from rat,
studies were prepared for analysis by precipitating plasma proteins with two volumes
of acetonitrile containing an internal standard of a similar compound. The resulting
supernates were separated from the precipitated proteins by centrifugation for 10
minutes and transferred to autosampler vials. Samples were either prepared
manually, or with the use of the Tomtec automated liquid handler.. An aliquot of 5
uL was injected for analysis.
The HPLC system consisted of two Shimadzu LC10AD pumps (Columbia, MD), a
Shimadzu SDL-HTC autosampler (Columbia, MD), and a Hewlett Packard Series
1100 column compartment (Palo Alto, CA). The column was a YMC Pro CIS (2.0 x
50 mm, 3 nm particles, Waters Co., Milford, MA), maintained at 60°C and a flow
rate of 0.3 ml/min. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mM ammonium formate and
0.1% formic acid in water (A) and 100% 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1%
formic acid in methanol (B). The initial mobile phase composition was 95% A.
After sample injection, the mobile phase was changed to 15% A/85% B over 2
minutes and held at that composition for an additional 1 minute. The mobile phase
was then returned to initial conditions and the column re-equilibrated for 1 minute.
Total analysis time was 4 minutes.
The HPLC was interfaced to a Micromass Quattro LC. Ultra high purity nitrogen
was used as the nebulizing and desolvation gas at flow rates of 100 Uhi for
nebulization and 1100 L/hr for desolvation. The desolvation temperature was 300°C
and the source temperature was 150°C. Data acquisition utilized selected reaction
monitoring (SRM). Ions representing the (M+H)+ species for the compound and the
internal standard were selected in MSI and collisionally dissociated with argon at a
pressure of 2 x 10"3 torr to form specific product ions which were subsequently
monitored by MS2.
The compounds of the present invention may be administered orally,
parenterally (including subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular,
intrasternal injection or infusion techniques), by inhalation spray, or rectally, in
dosage unit formulations containing conventional non-toxic pharmaceuticaUyacceptable
carriers, adjuvants and vehicles.
Thus, in accordance with the present invention there is further provided a
method of treating and a pharmaceutical composition for treating viral infections such
as HIV infection and AIDS. The treatment involves administering to a patient in
need of such treatment a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical
carrier and a therapeutically-effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
The pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of oraUy-administrable
suspensions or tablets; nasal sprays, sterile injectable preparations, for example, as
sterile injectable aqueous or oleagenous suspensions or suppositories.
When administered orally as a suspension, these compositions are prepared
according to techniques well-known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and may
contain microcrystalline cellulose for imparting bulk, alginic acid or sodium alginate
as a suspending agent, methylcellulose as a viscosity enhancer, and
sweetners/flavoring agents known in the art. As immediate release tablets, these
compositions may contain macrocrystalline cellulose, dicalcium phosphate, starch,
magnesium stearate and lactose and/or other excipients, binders, extenders,
disintegrants, diluents and lubricants known in the art.
The injectable solutions or suspensions may be formulated according to
known art, using suitable non-toxic, parenterally-acceptable diluents or solvents, such
as mannitol, 1,3-butanediol, water, Ringer's solution or isotonic sodium chloride
solution, or suitable dispersing or wetting and suspending agents, such as sterile,
bland, fixed oils, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides, and fatty acids, including
oleic acid.
The compounds of this invention can be administered orally to humans in a
dosage range of 1 to 100 mg/kg body weight in divided doses. One preferred dosage
range is 1 to 10 mg/kg body weight orally in divided doses. Another preferred dosage
range is 1 to 20 mg/kg body weight orally in divided doses. It will be understood,
however, that the specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particular
patient maybe varied and will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity
of the specific compound employed, the metabolic stability and length of action of
that compound, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, mode and time of
administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular
condition, and the host undergoing therapy.
Scheme 41a depicts methodology for converting a carboxylic acid to an
alkynyl ketone. The alkynyl ketone precursors can then be converted to pyrazoles or
isoxazoles upon reaction withhydrazines or hydroxyl amines, respectively.
The invention is intended to cover isomers, diasteroisomers, stereoisomers,
and enantiomers of the depicted formulas when one or more asymmetric carbons are
present in the molecules. An asymmetric carbon is one hi which the carbon is
attached to four different substitutions. In particular, the invention is intended to
cover isomers or a single enantiomer especially when one enantiomer displays
superior properties. Enantiomers differ from one another in that the spatial
arrangement of the substituents around the chiral centers of the asymmetric carbons
result in each molecule being a nonsuperimposable mirror image of the other. In this
application, the configuration of the substitaents around an asymmetric carbon are
defined unambiguously as either (R) which is a standard representation which stands
for Latin rectus, right or (S) which is the standard representation for Latin sinister,
left in the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog nomenclature system which has been in use since the
1960s. Standard rules for defining the configuration of these centers are found in any
basic organic chemistry textbook. In particular, for this application and based on
initial examples, when W contains a single methyl group as depicted below, when the
carbon bearing the methyl group is in the (R) configuration it may show a potency
advantage over the (S) enantiomer. Occasionally the (R)-methyl piperazine may
show a potency advantage over the unsubstituted piperazine. These observations are
compound specific effect and are not always present The unsubstituted piperazine
and (S) enantiomers are still potent antiviral compounds despite occasionally being
less potent than the (R) enantiomer.
When the configuration of a methyl piperazine shown as below is (R) the
methyl group may improve the metabolic stability of the adjacent amide as compared
to the (S) methyl piperazine or the unsubstituted piperazine. However, the metabolic
stability of the amide bond is compound specific and a methyl substituent is not
necessarily required for optimal properties.
It has now also been surprisingly found that compounds of Formula la, in
which specifically R4 is an N-linked triazolyl group, attached at the 1-nitrogen
position, are particularly effective for inhibiting HIV. This is discussed more fully
below.
The effective treatment of HIV and other viruses requires compounds that are
potent inhibitors of the virus, are selective for the virus, and have the properties
which allow them to safely achieve and maintain plasma level concentrations which
are a maximum number multiples above the concentration required to minimally
inhibit the virus. Higher exposures suppress viral replication and reduced rates of
replication mean that strains of virus with resistance to the drug treatment will
develop at a slower rate. Potent drugs exhibit equivalent activity from a lower
concentration or lower dose than that needed to achieve the same effect from a less
potent drag. Drugs which intrinsically produce higher exposures from an equivalent
dose in animal models or patients (as determined by pharmacokrnetic measurements
such as AUC (the sum of the concentration of drug over a particular time), Cmax, or
Cmin will also provide greater benefit to the patient. Drugs which have higher
stability in the presence of metabolizing pathways and enzymes will maintain their
concentrations longer and thus require less frequent dosing or dosing of smaller
quantities. In animals or people the rate of clearance is a frequently measured
parameter to assess this property but mean retention time is also used. For accuracy,
the determined measure of viral inhibition is an EC50; but the minimum plasma
concentrations which should be maintained in a patient is generally believed to be at
least four or five fold higher. Thus the antiviral or anti, HTV drug candidates which
will be most likely to provide maximum benefits in patients and those that preclinical
research programs strive to identify will exhibit 1) maximum potency 2) no general
cytotoxicity vs the cell line used for the assay 3) low predicted rates of metabolism in
human based on in vitro models 4) high exposure after oral dosing. Many other
properties of potential drug candidates are evaluated in order to determine which
compounds will have the best chance of showing optimal utility in human patients
but the compounds of this invention were evaluated initially in part by determining:
1) Potency vs HIV as determined by an EC50 in an initial pseudotype assay as
described in the biology section.
2) Lack of general cytotoxicity vs a Hela cell line. >100uM was used as an arbitrary
cut off for safety.
3) Measurement of the rate of metabolism vs human liver microsomal preparations
and from this data projecting human rate of clearance. Lower is better.
4) Estimating potential exposure in man by measuring parameters such as AUC and
rate of clearance by oral and iv dosing in rats. High exposure and low clearance was
desired.
Aazaindole oxoacetic piperazine amides have been disclosed in two series of
patent applications. The first series discloses azaindole derivatives which have
promising potential as antiviral agents (hereinafter called, reference 94) Wang, Tao et
al, U.S. patent 6476034 and WO 0162255 Al, filed January 19,2001, published
August 30,2001. The second series (hereinafter called, reference 106) Wang, Tao, et
al discloses HIV Antiviral Activity of Substituted Azaindoleoxoacetic Piperazine
Derivatives in U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/214,982 filed August 7,
2002, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Serial Number 10/038,306
filed January 2, 2002 (corresponding to PCT Lit. Appl. (PCT/US02/00455), WO
02/062423 Al, filed January 2,2002, published August 15, 2002. All of the
references for these two series are incorporated by reference herein. Reference 106
describes in part C-7 heteroaryl, aryl or substituted 4,5,6,or 7-azaindoles as antiviral
agents and is the most relevant prior art.
We have evaluated the properties of many compounds covered within the
scope of references 94 and 106 and have found that the compounds having C-7, Nlinked
triazole groups are surprisingly and unexpectedly superior.
We initially evaluated compounds to determine which showed maximum
potency or the lowest EC50 using the pseudotype assay described in the biology
section of this application. In our case compounds with ECSOs less than 0.20 nM
were considered of most interest since this covered the most potent compounds and
accounted for assay variability of our initial screen. The stability of compounds were
also evaluated to determine metabolic stability when incubated in in vitro
preparations of human liver microsomes (HIM). This is one commonly used
predictive system for evaluating the potential for human metabolism and projecting
clearance rates in man. Compounds with low clearance rates were most desireable.
Intermediate and high clearance compounds would be more likely to have difficulty
achieving feasible dosing regimen's in man vs low clearance compounds.
Compounds for which accurate determinations could not be made were also not
advanced.
Surprisingly, when the most promising compounds from the potency and
metabolic stability criterias were evaluated in rats to measure their pharmacokinetic
properties, one class of C-7 substituents, N linked triazoles of Formula la showed
very low clearance and very high AUCs (exposure) when compared to the
compounds of references 94 and 106.
The compounds I having Formula la are described below:
wherein:
R2 is methoxy, fluoro or chloro;
R4is
D is hydrogen or Q-Ca alkyl;
E is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (Ci-CaJalkyl, O(Ci-C3)alkyl or
CH2OCH3.
R11 is either hydrogen or methyl in which the configuration to which the methyl is
attached is (R) with the proviso that when R4 is 1,2,3-triazole, then R11 is hydrogen.
The C-7 N-linked triazoles thus showed surprising properties as they were
essentially, equivalent in potency to the most potent compounds covered by references
94 and 106 that we have evaluated to date. They showed metabolic stability in
human liver microsomes that was equivalent to the best compounds from the
application. Unexpectedly, they showed clearance rates in rats that were much
lower, usually 10 fold lower than the best compounds from those described in the
applications of reference 94 and were the best of any compounds evaluated hi
reference 106. Even more surprisingly, they were the only class of compounds to
show significantly increased exposure in rats as shown by their AUCs.
In summation, these N-linked triazoles exhibited a surprising combination of
properties that would not be obvious to one skilled in the art relying on the disclosure
of references 94 and 106. Only a single triazole is disclosed in WO 02/06423. This
compound has an R4 substiuent which is a C-Iinked triazole, and not an N-linked
triazole, and exhibited potency which was not comparable to the N-linked triazoles.
No N-linked triazoles were described in the examples of the published PCT
application from reference 106.
The following data tables summarize the potency, predicted human clearance
based on human liver microsomes, and the AUC and clearance determined by
pharmacokinetic studies in rats for these N-linked triazoles of the invention herein
compared with representative compounds and close analogs contained in PCT
application WO 02/062423 Al, filed January 2,2002, published August 15,2002 and
the published applications and patents contained in reference 94. As seen in the
following tables the N linked triazoles herein identified as most preferred groups
exhibit surprising superiority especially in terms of displaying maximum potency,
metabolic stability equivalent to best in class and uniquely a high AUC (exposure)
and low clearance in rats which is determined by oral and iv dosing at 5mg/kg and
Img/kg respectively. The rat model is an initial model used to assess potential for
exposure in man.
The utility of compounds in the triazole class is surprisingly very dependent
on the substituion patterns as depicted. For example the 1,2,3 triazoles attached at the
2-position nitrogen atom have to date shown significantly reduced AUC (exposure) in
rats compared to the compounds depicted. In addition, moving the E group when E is
methyl, in the 1,2,4-N-linked triazole from position 3 to 5 provides compounds with
significantly reduced potency. As can be seen in Table A2, the N-linked triazoles
specified showed high potency in an initial antiviral assay.
As evidenced by Tables A3-A8 of Comparator compounds, the metabolic
stability of the N-linked triazole compounds la of the invention is surprisingly
equivalent to or better than any of the compounds covered in either series of
published azaindole applications (i.e. references 94 and 106).
As dramatically shown in the tables, the low clearance and high exposure seen
in rats for the compounds in table A2 was surprising and unexpected since the prior
art taught compounds did not exhibit these properties as one would have expected.
In the tables that follow these terms have the following in meanings:
TSTT" meant not tested.
"Difficulties" means results could not be interpreted (i.e. in HLM test).
(Table Removed)

WE CLAIM:
1. A compound l-(4-benzoylpiperazin-l-yl)-2-(4-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-lH-l,2,4-triazol-l-
yl)-lH-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)ethane-l,2-dione of formula (B), including
pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof,
(Formula Removed)
2. the compound as claimed in claim 1, as & when used in the prepration of a pharmaceutical compositon.

Documents:

1838-DELNP-2007-Abstract-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-abstract.pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Claims-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-claims.pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Correspondence Others-(07-06-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-Correspondence Others-(08-06-2011).pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Correspondence Others-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-correspondence-others-1.pdf

1838-delnp-2007-correspondence-others.pdf

1838-delnp-2007-description (complete).pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Form-1-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-form-1.pdf

1838-delnp-2007-form-18.pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Form-2-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-form-2.pdf

1838-delnp-2007-Form-3-(08-06-2011).pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Form-3-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-form-3.pdf

1838-delnp-2007-form-5.pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-GPA-(07-06-2011).pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-GPA-(18-07-2011).pdf

1838-delnp-2007-Petition-137-(08-06-2011).pdf

1838-DELNP-2007-Petition-137-(18-07-2011).pdf

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Patent Number

254115

Indian Patent Application Number

1838/DELNP/2007

PG Journal Number

39/2012

Publication Date

28-Sep-2012

Grant Date

20-Sep-2012

Date of Filing

08-Mar-2007

Name of Patentee

BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY

Applicant Address

P.O.BOX 4000, ROUTE 206 AND PROVINCE LINE ROAD,PRINTCETON, NEW JERSEY 08543-4000, USA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	TAO WANG	1312 TOWN BROOKE MIDDLETOWN, CT 06457, USA
2	ZHONGXING ZHANG	14 MARTLESHAMHEATH LANE, MADISON, CONNECTICUT 06443, USA
3	NICHOLAS A. MEANWELL	15 VALLI DRIVE EAST HAMPTON, CONNECTICUT 06424, USA
4	JOHN F.KADOW	9 QUARRY RUN, WALLINGFORD, CT 06492, USA
5	ZHIWEI YIN	234 SHERMAN AVENUE APT., 80 MERIDEN, CT 06450, USA
6	QIUFEN MAY XUE	75, BARRINGTON WAY, GLASTONBURY, CT 06033, USA
7	ALICIA REGUEIRO-REN	69 GREENVIEW, TERRACE, MIDDLETOWN, CT 06457, USA
8	JOHN D. MATISKELLA	130 HIGH HILL ROAD, WALLINGFORD, CT 06492, USA
9	YASUTSUGU UEDA	46 OLDE ORCHARD ROAD, CLINTON, CT 06413, USA

PCT International Classification Number

C07D 471/04

PCT International Application Number

PCT/US2003/024415

PCT International Filing date

2003-08-04

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	10/214,982	2002-08-07	U.S.A.