Indian Patents. 253250:LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITION

Title of Invention	LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITION
Abstract	A laundry treatment composition which comprises a surfactant and from 0.0001 to 0.1wt% of a combination of dyes which together have a visual effect on the human eye as a single dye having a peak absorption wavelength in cotton of from 540 nm to 650 nm, preferably from 570 nm to 670 nm, the combination comprising a photostable dye which is substantive to cotton.

Full Text	FORM2 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) & The Patents Rules, 2003 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See section 10; rule 13) 1. Title of the invention. - LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITION 2. Applicant (a)NAME : HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED (b) NATIONALITY : An Indian Company (c) ADDRESS: Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai - 400 020. Maharashtra, India. 3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION The following specification particularly describes the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed. 1 AUG 2008 This application is divided out of Application No, 1399/MUMNP/2005 LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITIONS TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to laundry treatment compositions which comprise dye which is substantive to cotton. BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART Dyes have been included in laundry treatment products for many years. Perhaps the oldest use of dyes is to add a substantive coloured dye to coloured clothes which require rejuvenation of colour for example a substantive blue dye for rejuvenation of denim. These compositions usually contain a relatively high concentration of substantive dye. More recently non-substantive dyes have also been used to colour otherwise white laundry detergent compositions. In-the case of particulate detergents this has been in the form of so-called speckles to add colour to an otherwise white powder, however laundry detergent powders which are completely blue are also known. When dyes have been included in laundry treatment products in this way it was regarded as essential that non-substantive dyes were used to prevent undesired staining of washed fabrics. It is also known that a small amount of blue or violet dye impregnated into an otherwise 'white' fabric can appear to have enhanced whiteness as described in Industrial Dyes (K.Hunger ed Wiley-VCH 2003). Modern white fabrics' are sold with some dye in their material in order to enhance the 2 whiteness at the point of sale of the garment. This dye is often blue or violet thouch other colours ere used. Howeve: washed with a once these garments are worn and subsecuently cetercent composition tne cye is rapioly removed from the fabric often due to dissolution by a surfactant solution. Dye is also lost by reaction with bleach in the wash and fading due to light. This results in a gradual loss cf whiteness in addition to any other negative whiteness effects such as soiling. In many cases this leads to the, appearance of a yellow colour on the cloth. Accordingly, the present invention provides a laundry treatment composition according to claim 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION Unless otherwise stated, all percentages or parts are en a weight basis- Laundry treatment- compositions The present invention relates to compositions which are use; to reat launch items such as clothes. Such composition: are preferably laundry detergent compositions used for washing (especially particulate detergents, liquid detergents, laundry bars, pastes, gels or tablets), laundry fabric conditioners used for softening fabrics, pre-treatment products, post-treatment products, tumble dryer products, ironing products etc. Preferably they are laundry-treatment products which are applied in an aqueous . environment. The dyes may be incorporated into the treatment products in a wide variety of ways. For example dyes which are not sensitive to heat may be included in the slurry which is to be spray dried when the treatment product is a particulate detergent composition. Another way cf incorporating dyes into particulate detergent products is to add them to granules which are post-added to the main detergent powder. In this case there may be a concentration of dye in the granules which could present the dancer of spotting and dye damage on the clothes to be treated. This can be avoided if the concentration cf dye in the granules is less than 0.1%. For liquid products the dyes are simply added to the liquid and blended in substantially homcgeneously. Because" the dyes are substantive, only a small amount is required to provide the enhanced whiteness effect hence preferably the treatment composition comprises from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt%, preferably from 0.0005 to 0.-05 wt% of the dye, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.C-I wt%, most preferably from 0.002 to 0.008- wt%. The dyes The photostable dyes of the present invention are unusual in that they are substantive to cotton. It is preferred that the dye has a substantivity to cctton in a standard test cf greater than 7%, preferably.from 3 to SG%, more preferably from 10 to 60%, mest preferably from 15 to 40-c, wherein the standard test is with a dye concentration such that the solution has an optical density cf approximately I (5 cm pathlength) at the maximum absorption cf the eye in the 4 visible wavelengths (400-700nm), a surfactant concentration of 0.3 g/L and under wash conditions of a liquor to cloth ratio cf 45:1, temperature of 20CC, seak, times of 45 minutes, agitation time of 10 minutes. Hicher substantivities "are preferred as this means less dye must be added to the formulation to achieve the effect.. This is preferred for reasons cf cost and also because excess levels of eye in the formulation can lead to an unacceptable level of dye colour in the wash liquor and also in the powder. A photostable dye is a dye which does not quickly photodegrade in the presence of natural summer sunlight. A photostable dye in the current context may be defined as a dye which, when on cotton, does not degrade by more than 10% when subjected to 1 hour of irradiation by simulated Florida sunlight (42 W/m2 in UV and 343 W/m2 in visible). It is preferable that the dyes have a blue and/or violet shade. This can mean that the peak absorption frequency cf the dyes absorbed on the cloth lies within the range of from 540nm to 650nm, preferably from 570nm to S30nm. This effect can advantageously be achieved by a combination of dyes, each of which not necessarily having a peak absorption within these preferred ranges but together produce an effect on the human eye which is equivalent to a single dye with a peak absorption within one cf the preferred ranees. Organic dyes are described in Industrial Dyes (K.Hunger ed wiley-VCH 2003). A compilation of available dyes is the .Colour Index published by Society of Dyer and Colourists and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists 2002 (see http://www.colour-index.org) . Suitable dves for the current application may be taken front any of the chromophore types, e.g. azo, anthraquinone, triarylmethane netnine quinophthalone, azine, oxazine thiazine It is preferred that the dye does not contain a reactive group such as found in procion and reiriazol dyes. Due to the wider ranee available azo, anthraquinone and triaryiniethone eves are preferred. Azo dyes are especially Preferred. Dyes are conventionally defined as being reactive, cisoerse, direct, vat, sulphur, cationic, acid or solvent eves. For the purposes of the present invention, acid and/or direct dyes are preferred. For use in products which contain predominately anionic surfactants, dyes containing acid groups are preferred. For use in products which contain predominantly cationic surfactants, eyes containing basic grOUpS are ^referred. This is to prevent precipitation between the dye in surfactant. Suitable dyes for use in products containing oredoainately anionic.surfactants include' those listed in the Colour Index as Direct Violet Dyes (e.g. Direct Violet i-103), Direct Blue dyes, Acid Blue and Acid Violet dves. Suitable dyes for use in products containina predominately cationic surfactants include those listen in the Colour Index as Basic Blue and Basic Violet Dves. 6 To avoid shade chances caused by pick cr loss of a proton it is preferred that the eye does not have a pKa or pKb at or near the pH of the product. Most preferably no pKa or pKb ln the pH range of from 7 to II. It is preferred that the dye has a high extinction coefficient, so that a small amount of eye gives a large amount of colour. Preferably the extinction coefficient at the maximum absorption of the dye is greater than 1000 mol-1 L cm"1, preferably greater than 10,000 mol-1 L cm"1, more preferably greater than 50,000 mcl"1 L cm"1. Suitable dyes can be obtained from any major supplier such as Clariant, Ciba Speciality Chemicals, Dystar, Avecia cr Bayer. Laundry detergent compositions Detergent-active compounds {surfactants) may be chosen from soap and non-soap anionic, cationic, ncnionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic detergent-active compounds, and mixtures thereof. Many suitable detergent-active compounds are available and are fully described in the literature, for example, in "Surface-Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Ferry and Berch. The preferred detergent-active compounds that can be used are soaps and synthetic non-soap anionic and nonionic compounds. The total amount of surfactant present is suitably within the range of from 5 to 60 vt%, preferably from 5 to 40 wt% . Anionic surfactants are well-known to those skilled in the art. Examples include alkyibenzene sulphonates, particularly linear alkyibenzene sulphonates having an alkyl chain length of Cg-C15; primary and secondary aikylsulphates, particularly C9-C20 primary alkyl sulphates; alkyl ether sulphates; olefin sulphonates; alkyl xylene sulphonates; diaikyl sulphosuccinates; and fatty acid ester sulphonates. Sodium salts are generally preferred. Nonionic surfactants that may be used include the primary and secondary alcohol ethoxylates, especially the Cg-C20 aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average cf from 1 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and more especially the C10-C15 primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. Non-ethcxyiated nonionic surfactants include aikanoiamides, aikyipoiygiycosides, glycerol menoethers, and pelyhydroxyamides (glucamide). Cationic surfactants that may be used include quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula R1R2R3R4N+X-wherein the R groups are long or short hydrocarbyl chains, typically alkyl, hycroxyaikyl or ethoxylated alkyl groups, and X is a solubilising anion {for example, compounds in which ?'i is a C3-C22 slkyl group, preferably a C6-C10 or C12-C14 alkyl croup, R2 is a methyl group, and R3 and R4, which may be the same or different, are methyl or hydroxyethyl groups); and cationic esters (for example, chorine esters). 8 Amphoteric anc twittericnic surfactants that may be used include alkyl amine oxides, betaines and sulphobeteines. In accordance with the present invention the surfactant (a) more preferably comprises an amimiz suiphonate cr suiphonate surfactant optionally in admixture with cne or more staurfactants selected from ethcxylated nonionic surfaremants, non-ethoxvleted nonicnic surfactants, surfactants, caticnic etncxyiatec surphote anionic surfactants , theme thereof. exices, alkanolabides and combinations Surfactants are rreferably present in a total amount of from to 40 wt% . 5 tc €0 wt%, rr.c-re preferably from, 10 Laundry detergent compositions ::" the present invention preferably contain a detercerary builtor, althouph it is conceivable that formulations without any builder are possible. Laundry detergent compositions of the invention suitably contain from. is to 80% preferably from 15 to 70% by weight, of detergency outlier. Preferably, the quantity of builder is in the rar-re of from 15 to 50% by weight. Preferably the builder is selected from zeolite, sodium tripolyphosphete, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, layere silicate, ant combinations of these. The zeolite used as a builder may be the commercially available zeolite A (zeolite 4A) now widely used in laundry detergent powders. Alternatively, the zeolite may be 9 maximum aluminium zeolite ? (zeolite MAp) as described and claimed in EP 384 0105 (Unilever) , and commercially availabie as Doucii (Trade Mark) A24 from Ineos Silicas Lid, UK. Zeolite KAP is defined as an alkali metal aluminosilicate of zeolite P type having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.20. Especially Lreferred is zeolite MA? having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.07, more preferably about 1.00. The particle size of the zeolite is not critical. Zeolite A cr zeolite MAP of any suitable particle size may be used. ."Also preferred according to the present invention are phosphate builders, especially sodium tripclyphcsphate. This may be used in combination with sodium orthophosphate,. and/cr sodium pyrophosphate. Other inorganic builders that may be present additionally or alternatively include sodium carbonate, layered silicate, amorphous aiuminosilicates. Organic builders that may be present include poiycarboxylate polymers such as poiyacrylates and acrylic/maleic copolymers; poiyaspartates; monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, cxydisuccinates, glycerol monc-di-and trisuccinates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carbcxy- methyloxymalonates, dipicolinates, hydrcxyethyl- 10 iminodiacetates, alkyl- and alkenylmalonates and succinates; and sulphonated fatty acid salts. Organic builders may be used in minor amounts as supplements to inorganic builders such as phosphates and zeolites. Especially preferred supplementary organic builders are citrates, suitably used in amounts of from 5 to 30 wt %, preferably from 10 to 25 wt %; and acrylic polymers, more especially acrylic/maleic copolymers, suitably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 15 wt %, preferably from 1 to 10 wt%. Builders, both inorganic and organic, are preferably present in alkali metal salt, especially sodium salt, form. As well as the surfactants and builders discussed above, the compositions may optionally contain bleaching components and other active ingredients to enhance performance and properties. These optional ingredients may include, but are not limited to, any one or more of the following': soap, peroxyacid and persalt bleaches, bleach activators, sequestrants, cellulose ethers and esters, other antiredeposition agents, sodium sulphate, sodium silicate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, other inorganic salts, proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases, other detergent enzymes, fluorescers, photobleaches, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, other dye transfer inhibiting polymers, foam controllers, foam boosters, acrylic and acrylic/maleic polymers, citric acid, soil release polymers, fabric conditioning compounds, coloured speckles and perfumer 11 Detergent compositions according to the invention may suitably contain a bleach system. The bleach system is preferably based on peroxy bleach compounds, for example, inorganic persalts or organic peroxyacids, capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution. Suitable peroxy bleach compounds include organic peroxides such as urea peroxide, and inorganic persalts such as the alkali metal perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates, persilicates and persulphates. Preferred inorganic persalts are sodium perborate.monohydrate and tetrahydrate, and sodium percarbonate. . Especially preferred is sodium percarbonate having a protective coating against destabilisation by moisture. Sodium percarbonate having a protective coating comprising sodium metaborate and sodium silicate is disclosed in GB 2 123 044B (Kao). The peroxy bleach compound is suitably present in an amount of from 5 to 35 wt%, preferably from 10 to 25 wt%. The peroxy bleach compound may be used in conjunction with a bleach activator (bleach precursor) to improve bleaching action at low wash temperatures. The bleach precursor is suitably present in an amount of from 1 to 8 wt%, preferably from 2 to 5 wt%. Preferred bleach precursors are peroxycarboxylic acid precursors, more especially peracetic acid precursors and peroxybenzoic acid precursors; and peroxycarbonic acid precursors. An especially preferred bleach precursor suitable for use in the present invention is N,N,N',N'-tetracetyl ethylenediamine (TAED). Also of interest are 12 peroxybenzoic acid precursors, in particular, N,N,N-trimethy1ammonium toluoyloxy benzene sulphonate. A bleach stabiliser {heavy metal sequestrant) may also be present. Suitable bleach stabilisers include ethylenediarr.ine tetraacetate (EDTA) and the polyphosphonates such as Dequest {Trade Mark), EDTMP. Although, as previously indicated, in one preferred embodiment of the invention enzymes are preferably absent, in other embodiments detergent enzymes may be present. Suitable enzymes include the proteases, amylases, cellulases, oxidases, peroxidases and lipases usable for incorporation in detergent compositions. In particulate detergent compositions, detergency enzymes are commonly employed in granular form in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt%. However, any suitable physical form of enzyme may be used in any effective amount. Antiredeposition agents, for example cellulose esters and ethers, for example sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, may also be present. The compositions may also contain soil release polymers, for example sulphonated and unsulphonated PET/POET polymers, both end-capped and non-end-capped, and polyethylene glycol/polyvinyl alcohol graft copolymers such as Sokolan (Trade Mark) HP22. Especially preferred soil release polymers are the sulphonated non-end-capped polyesters described and claimed in WO 95 32997A (Rhodia Chimie). 13 Powder detergent composition of low to moderate bulk density may be prepared by spray-drying a slurry, and optionally postdosing (dry-mixing) further ingredients. "Concentrated" or "compact" powders may be prepared by mixing and granulating processes, for example, using a high-speed mixer/granulator, or other non-tower processes. Tablets may be prepared by compacting powders, especially "concentrated" powders. Fabric conditioners Cationic softening material is preferably a quaternary ammonium fabric softening material. The quaternary ammonium fabric softening material compound has two C12-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups connected to the nitrogen head group, preferably via at least one ester link. It is more preferred if the quaternary ammonium material has two ester links present. Preferably, the average chain length of the alkyl or alkenyl group is at least C14, more preferably at least C16 Most preferably at least half of the chains have a length of C18. It is generally preferred if the alkyl or alkenyl chains are predominantly linear. The first group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by formula (I): 14 E(CH2}n(TR)]m R1-N1-[CH2)n(OH))3-m (T) wherein each R is independently selected from a C5-35 alkyl cr alkenyl group, R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl, C2-4 alkenyl o: a C1-4 hydroxyalkyl group. T is n is 0 or a number selected from 1 to 4, m is 1, 2 or 3 and :notes the number of moieties to which relates tnat pena directly from the N atom, and X is an anionic group, such as halides or alkyl sulphates, e.g. chloride, methyl sulphate or ethyl sulphate. Especially preferred materials within this formula are di-alkenyl esters of triethanol ammonium Methyl sulphate. Commercial examples include Tetranyl AK7-1 {di-hardened oleic ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 80% active), AT-1 (di-oleic ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 90% active), L5/90 (palm ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 90% active), all ex Kao. Other unsaturated Quaternary ammonium materials include Rewoouet 15 vEI5 (C10-C20 end C16-C18 unsaturated ratty acid reaction products with triethanoiamine dimethyl sulphate cuaternised 90 % active), ex Witco Corporation. The second group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by formula (II): I (R1)3N+ (CK2)n— CH X~ Formula (II) I CH2TR2 wherein each R group is independently selected from C1-4 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2-4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each 2 R croup is independently selected from C8-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5 and 7 and X are as defined above. Preferred materials of this class such as 1,2 bis [tallowoyloxy] -3- trimethylammonium propane chloride and 1,2-bis[oleyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride and their method of preparation are, for example, described in US 4137180 (Lever Brothers), the contents of which are incorporated herein. Preferably these materials also comprise small amounts of the corresponding monoester, as described in US 4137180. 16 A third group of cationic fabric softening co-pounds for us-in the invention is represented by formula (III): — R2 — 1CH2)n — T — R2 X (II wherein each R" croup is independently selected from C1-4 aikyl, or C2-4 aihenyl croups; and wherein each. R2 croup is independently selected from. C8-28- alkyl or alkenyl groups is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5 anc T and X are =s.defired above. A fourth group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by fomula (IV} : wherein each R1 croup is independently selected from C1-4 aikyl, or C2-3 alkenyl croups; and wherein each R2 group is 17 independently selected from C8-28 alky! or alkenyl croups; and X is as defined above. The iodine value of -he parent fatty acyl compound or acid from which the cationic softening itatsrial is formed is frc: 0 to 140, preferably from 0 to 100, more preferably from 0 to 60. It is especially preferred that the iodine value cf the parent compound is from 0 to 20, e.g. 0 to 4. Where the iodine value is 4 or less, the softening material provides excellent softening results and has improved resistance to oxidation and associated odour problems upon storage. when unsaturated hydrocarbyl chains are present, it is preferred that the cisitrans weight ratio of the material i: 50:50 cr more, more preferably 60:40 or more, most preferably 70:30 or more, e.g. 65:15 or more. The iodine value of the parent fatty acid or acyl compound is measured according to the method set out in respect cf parent fatty acids in WO-A1-01/46513. The softening material is preferably present in an amount c-from 1 to 60% by weight of the total composition, more preferably from 2 to 40%, most preferably from 3 to 30% by weight. The composition optionally comprises a silicone. Typical silicones for use in the compositions of the oresent 18 invention are siloxanes which have the general formula RaSiO(4-a)/2 wherein each R is the same or different and is selected from hydrocarbon and hydroxyl croups, a being from 0 to 3. In the bulk material, 'a' typically has an average value of from 1.85-2.2. The silicone can have a linear or cyclic structure." It is. particularly preferred that the silicone is cyclic as it is believed that cyclic silicones deliver excellent raster drying characteristics to fabrics. "Preferably, the silicone is a polydi-C1-5alkyl siloxane. Particularly preferred is polydimethyl siloxane. The siloxane is preferably end-terminated, if linear, either by a tri-C1-6 alkylsiiyl croup (e.g. trimethyisiiyl) or a hydroxy-di-C1-6 alkylsiiyl group (e.g. hydroxy-cimethyisilyl) croups, or by both. More preferably the silicone is a cyclic polymdimethyl siioxane. Suitable commercially available silicones include DC2 4 5 {poiydimethyicyclopentasiioxane also known as D5) , DC24S (polydimethylcyciohexasiioxane also known as 05), DC1134 (a pre-emulsified polydimethylpentasiloxane also known as L5) and DC347 {a pre-emulsified lOOcSt FDMS fluid) ail ex Dow Corninc. 19 The silicone may be received and incorporated into the composition either directly as an oil or ore-emulsified. pre-emulsification is typically required when the silicone is of a more viscous nature. Suitable emuisifiers include cationic emuisifiers, nonionic emuisifiers or mixtures thereof. The reference to the viscosity of the silicone denotes either the viscosity before emuisificaticn when the silicone is provided as an emulsion for incorporation into the fabric conditioning composition cr the viscosity of the silicone itself when provided as an oil for incorporation into the fabric conditioning composition. The silicone preferably has a viscosity (as measured on a Erookfieid RV4 viscometer at 25°C using spindle No.4 at 100 rpm) of from icSt to less than 10,000 centi-Stokes (cSt), -preferably from IcSt to 5,Q00cSt, more preferably from 2cSt to l,000cSt and most preferably 2cSt to lOOcSt. It has been found that drying time can be reduced using silicones having a viscosity of from 1 to 500,000 cSt. However, it is most preferred that the viscosity is from 1 to less than 10,OOOcSt. The silicone- active ingredient is preferably present at a level of from 0.5 to 20%, more prefer-ably from 1 to 12%, most preferably from 2 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. 20 Optionally and advantageously, one or more un-alkoxylated fatty alcohols are present in fabric conditioners of the present invention. Preferred alcohols have a hydrocarbyl chain length of from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 11 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably 15 to 19 carbon atoms. The fatty alcohol may be saturated or unsaturated, though saturated fatty alcohols are preferred as these have been found to deliver greater benefits in terms of stability, especially low temperature stability. Suitable commercially available fatty alcohols include tallow alcohol {available as Kydrenol S3, ex Sidobre Sinnova, and Laurex CS, ex Clariant). The fatty alcohol content in the compositions is from 0 to -10% by weight, more preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight, most preferably from 0.01 to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. It is particularly preferred that a fatty alcohol is present if the composition is concentrated, that is if more than 8% by weight of the cationic softening agent is present in the composition. It is preferred that the compositions further comprise a nonionic surfactant. Typically these can be included for the purpose of stabilising the compositions. Suitable nonionic surfactants include addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines. Any of the alkoxylated materials of the particular type described hereinafter can be used as the nonionic surfactant. Suitable surfactants are substantially water soluble surfactants of the general formula: R—Y—(C2H4O}2— C2H4OH where R is selected from the croup consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl and/or acyl hydrocarbyl croups; primary, secondery and branched chain alkenyl hydrocarbyi groups; and primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyi croups; the hydrocarbyi croups having a chain length of from 8 to about 25, preferably 10 to 20, e.g. 14 to IS carbon atoms. In the general formula for the aikoxylated nonionic surfactant, Y is typically: -0— , — C(O)O— , —C(0)N(R}-- or -C(O)N(H)R- in which R has the meaning given above or.can be hydrogen; 1 V'..; and Z is preferably from 8 to 40, more preferably from 10 to 30, most preferably from 11 to 25, e.g. 12 to 22. 22 The level ox alxoxylation, 2, denotes the average number of alkoxy groups per molecule. Preferably the nonicnic surfactant has an HL3 of from about 7 to about 20, more preferably from 10 to IS, e.g. 12 to 16. Examples of nonionic surfactants follow. In the examoies, the integer defines the number of ethoxy (EO) croups ,in the molecule. The deca-, undeca-, dodeca-, tetradeca, and pentadecaethcxylates of n-hexacecanol, and n-octadecanol having an KLB within the range recited herein are useful visccsity/cispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention. Exemplary ethoxylated primary alcohols useful herein as the viscosity/dispersibility modifiers of the compositions are C18 E0{10); and C18 £0(11). The ethcxvlates of mixed natural or synthetic alcohols in the "tallow" chain-length range are also useful herein. Specific examples of such materials include tallow alcohol-EO (11), tallow alcohol-EO(18)/ and tallow alcohol-EO (25), coco aicohol-EO(10), coco alcohoI-EO(15), coco alcohol-EO (20) and coco alcohol-EO(25). The deca-, undeca-,. dodeca-, tetradeca-, pentadeca-, octadeca-, and nonadeca-ethoxylates of 3-hexadecanol, 2-octadecanol, 4-eicosanoi, and 5-eicosanol having an HL3 within the range recited herein are useful viscosity and/or cispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention. Examplary ethoxyiated secondary alcohols useful herein as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the compositions are: C16 EQ(ll); C20 EO(li); and C15 E0(14). As in the case of the alcohol alkexyiates, the hexa- to octaceca-ethoxyiates of alkylated phenols, particularly monchydric alkylphenols, having an HLB within "he ranee recited herein are useful as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the instant compositions. The hexa- to octadeca-ethoxyiates of p-tri-decylphenol,"m-pentadecylphenol, and the like, are useful herein. Exemplary ethoxylated alkylphenols useful as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the mixtures herein are: p—tridecylphenoi £0(11) and p-pentadecyiphenol E0(18}- As used herein and as generally recognized in the art, a phenyiene group in the nonionic formula is the equivalent of an alkylene group containing from 2 to 4 carbon atom's. For present purposes, nonionics containing a phenyiene group are considered to contain an equivalent number of carbon atoms calculated as the sum cf the carbon atoms in the alkyl group plus about 3.3 carbon atoms for each phenyiene group. The aikenyl alcohols, both primary and secondary, and alkenyl phenols corresponding to those disclosed immediately hereinabove can be ethoxylated to an HLB within the range recited herein and used as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the instant compositions. Branched chain primary and secondary alcohols which are available from the well-known "0X0" process can be 24 ethoxylated and employed as the viscosity and/or cispersibriity modifiers of compositions herein. Suitable poiyol based surfactants include sucrose esters such sucrose monocleates, alkyl polyglucosides such as stearyl monoglucosides and stearyl tricluccside and aikyl polyglycerols. The above nonionic surfactants are useful in the present compositions alone or in combination, and the term "nonionic surfactant" encompasses mixed nonionic surface active agents. The nonionic surfactant is present in"an amount from 0.01 10%, more preferably 0.1 to 5%, most preferably 0.35 to 3.5%, e.g. 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight the composition. The fabric conditioner compositions of the invention preferably comprise one or more perfumes. It is well known that perfume is provided as a mixture of various components. Suitable components for use in the perfume include those described in "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals) by Steffen Arctander, publish by the author 195.9 Montciait, N.J. (US), reprinted 1st Apr 1S32 library of Ccncress Cataloa Number 75-91393. 25 The perfume is preferably present in an amount from 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 4.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. The liquid carrier employed in the instant compositions is at least partly water due to its low cost, relative availability, safety, and environmental compatibility. The level of water in the liquid carrier is mere than about 50%, preferably more than about 80%, more preferably more than about 85%, by weight of the carrier. The level of liquid carrier is greater than about 501, preferably greater than about 65%, more preferably greater than about 70%. Mixtures of water and a low molecular weight, e.g. Co-active softeners for the cationic surfactant may also be incorporated in an amount from 0.01 to 2C% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 10%, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferred co-active softeners include fatty esters, and fatty N-oxides. Preferred fatty esters include fatty monoesters, such as glycerol monostearate (hereinafter referred to as "GKS"). If GMS is present, then it is preferred that the level of 26 GMS in the composition is from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. The co-active softener may also comprise an oily sugar derivative. Suitable oily sugar derivatives, their methods of manufacture and their preferred amounts are described in WO-A1-01/4636I on page 5 line 16 to pace 11 line 20, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein. It is useful, though not essential, if the compositions comprise one or more polymeric viscosity control agents. Suitable polymeric viscosity control agents include nonionic and cationic polymers, such as hydrcphcbically modified cellulose ethers (e.g.'Natrosol Plus, ex Hercules), cationically modified starches {e.g. Softgel 5 DA and Softgel ED, both ex Avebe) . A particularly preferred viscosity control agent is a copolymer of methacryiate and cationic acrylamide available under the tradename Flosoft 200 (ex SNF Floerger). Nonionic and/or cationic polymers are preferably present in an amount of 0.01 to 5wt%, more preferably 0.G2 to 4wt%, based on the total weight of the composition. Other optional nonionic softeners, bactericides, soil- releases agents may also be incorporated in fabric ! conditioners of the invention. . ,. 27 The compositions may also contain one or mere optional ingredients conventionally included in fabric conditioning compositions such as pH buffering agents, perfume carriers fluorescers, colourants,, hydrotropes, a.otif oa~ing agents, antireceposition agents, polyelectrolytes, enzymes, optical brightening agents, peariescers, anti-shrinking agents, anti-wrinkle agents, anti-spotting agents, antioxidants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, crape imparting agents, preservatives, anti-static agents, ironing aids and other dyes. The product may be a liquid or solid. Preferably the product is a liquid which, in its undiluted state at ambient temperature, comprises an aqueous liquid, preferably en aqueous dispersion of the cationic softening material. When the product is an aqueous liquid, it preferably has a pH of greater than 1.5 and less than 5, more preferably greater than 2 and less than 4.5. The fabric conditioner composition is preferably used in the rinse cycle of a home textile laundering operation, where, it may be added directly in an undiluted state to a washing machine, e.g. through a dispenser drawer or, for a top-loading washing machine, directly into the drum. Alternatively, it can be diluted prior, to use. The compositions may also be used in a domestic hand-washing laundry operation. 28 To determine the substantivity of a range of eyes the following experiment was performed. A stock solution of 1.5g/L of a base washing powder in water was created. The washing powder contained 18% NaLAS, 73% salts {silicate, sodium tri-poiy-phesphate, sulphate, carbonate), 3% minors including perborate, fluorescer and enzymes, remainder impurities and water. - The solution was divided into 60ml aliquots and dye added to this to give a solution of optical density of approximately 1 (5 cm pathiencth) at the maximum absorption of the dye in the visible lengths, 4 00-7G0nm. The optical density was measured using a UV-visible spectrometer. 1 piece of bleached, non-mercerised, non-fluorescent woven cotton cloth (ex Phoer.ic Calico) weighing 1. 3g was placed in the solution at room temperature (20°C) .-This cloth represents a slightly yellow cotton. The cloth" was left to soak for 4 5 minutes then r.he solution agitated for 10 mins, rinsed and dried. Following this the optical density of the solution was re-measured and the amount of eye absorbed by the cloth calculated. This experiment was repeated for each dye and A replicates were done per dye. The dyes used and the % deposition is given in table 1. Table 2 gives the maximum extinction coefficient, eMAx in the wash solution and the peak absorption wavelength in solution and on cotton. All values are reported to 2 significant ficures. 29 Table 1 Dye \| % Deposition Acid Black 1 23 Food Black 1 0.50 Direct Blue 1 4S Direct Violet 51 69 Direct Blue 71 34 Acid Violet 9 2.1 Acid Blue 80 6.8 Acid Violet 17 18 Acid Red 88 47 Acid Red 150 33 Table 2 Dye Type [mol'aL cm"1] [nm] ' in solution, on cotton Acid Black 1 AZO 51000 620,. 630 Food Black 1 Azo 41000 570, 590 Direct Blue 1 Azo 120000 600, 640 Direct Violet 51 Azo 65000 550, 570 Direct 31ue 71 Azo 120000 590, 600 Acid Violet 9 Trieryl 46000 540 Acid Blue 80 Anthraquinone 270Q0 630, 630 1 Acid Violet 17 Triaryl 53000 520, 590 Acid Red 88 Azo 14400 510, 520 Acid Red 150 Azo 23600 520, 530 30 Examole 2 The experiment of example I was repeated except the eve level in the wash solution was decreased to i/10th so that the optical density was 0.1 (5 cm path length). Following the washes the Ganz whiteness of the cloth was measured {see "assessment of Whiteness and Tint of Fluorescent Substrates with Good Tnterinstrument Correlation" Colour Research and Application 19, 1994). The results are displayed in table 3, the ganz whiteness values are accurate to + /-5 units. Large increase in the measured Ganz whiteness are found for the substantive blue and violet dyes with λmax on cotton in the range 570 to 640. Table 3 Dye Ganz whiteness Control 150 Acid Black 1 171 Food Black 1 155 Direct Blue I 190 Direct Violet 51 203 Direct Blue 71 205 Acid Violet 5 153 Acid Blue SO 152 Acid Violet 17 17 0 Acid black:!, direct blue 1, direct violet 51, direct blue 71 and acid violet 17 gave the greatest increase in Ganz whiteness. Direct violet 51 and direct blue 71 gave a higher Ganz whiteness value than direct blue 1 and they, have the further 31 advantage over direct blue 1 that they are not metabolised in the body to give carcinogenic amine, unlike the huge number of cirect blue and violet dyes {e.g. cirect blue 1) which contain moieties which breakdown to give the carcinogenic benzidine, 3,3'dimethoxybenzidine or 3,3'-dimethylbenzicine. These dyes also have an advantage over many direct violet eyes which contain transition metals that are hazardous to the environment and to humans. Preferred direct dyes fell into two groups: The first group comprises tris-azo direct blue eves based on the structure: X—N where at least two of the A,B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group. The C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate croups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OK group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NKPh group. Non-limiting examples of these dyes are direct blue 34, 70, 71, 72, 75, 73, 82, 120. The second group comprises bis-azo direct violet dyes based on the structure 32 where Z is H or phenyl. The A ring is preferably substituted by a methyl and methoxy group at the positions indicated'by arrows.The A ring may also be a naphthyl ring. The Y group is a benzyl cr naphthyl ring, which is substituted by sulphate group and may be mono or cisubstituted by methyl croups. Non-limiting examples of these dyes are direct violet 5, 7, 11, 31, 51. The invention also comprises compositions including a single dye of the structure of the first or second group, or mixtures thereof, the dye or mixture having the defined peak absorption wavelength. Exemple 3 The experiment of example 1 was repeated except using dyes at lower concentrations, such that the optical density (5cm) was approximately 0.05 and 0.025 giving faintly coloured wash liquors (i.e. using dye levels 1/20 and l/40th of experiment 1). Following washing and drying the increase in whiteness was measured by a reflectometer and expressed in Ganz units. The Ganz values are accurate to +/- 5 units. The results are shown in the Table 3 below. 33 Table A dye Garz whiteness OD-0.05 0D-0.025 control Direct BLUE:- J Direct white_ 51 Direct BLUE- 156 163 153 171 156 175 - 164 155 Direct blue "1 gave the best results. Example 4 Example 3 was repeated but using the blue dye Acid Black 1, the red dyes Acid Red 88 and Acid Red 150, and mixtures . thereof. The results are shown in the tables below. Table 5 dye Genz whiteness OD-0.05 OD-0.025 control Acid Black 1 Acid Red 88 Acid Red 150 154 160 (A) 150 (C) 164 (Z) 154 160 (B) 152 (D) 160 (F) 34 Table 6 Dye Mixture Ganz whiteness control 154 (A)+(C) 173 (A)+(D) 175 (A3+0.5(D) 171 (A){E) 176 (A)+(F) 175 {A}-0.5{F} 169 The results show that mixtures of red and blue dyes gives a greater increase in whiteness than either alone. This is because the mixture produces a violet shade. 35 We claim: 1. A laundry treatment composition which comprises a surfactant and from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt% of a combination of dyes which together have a visual effect on the human eye as a single dye having a peak absorption wavelength on cotton of from 54 0 nm to 65 0 nm, preferably from 570 mn to 630 run, the combination comprising a photostable dye which is substantive to cotton, wherein the photostable dye is selected from the group comprising tris-azo direct blue dyes of the formula: where at least two of the A, B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group, the C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate groups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OH group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NHPh group. 2. A laundry treatment composition which comprises a surfactant and from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt% of a photostable dye which is substantive to cotton, the dye having a peak absorption wavelength on cotton of from 540 nm to 650 nm, preferably from 570 mn to 630 mn, and wherein the photostable dye is selected from the group comprising tris-azo direct blue dyes of the formula: 36 where at least two of the A, B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group, the C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate groups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OH group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NHPh group. 3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is a laundry detergent composition. 4. A composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is a laundry fabric conditioner. 5. A composition as claimed in claims 1 or 2, which comprises from 5 to 60 wt% of surfactant. Dated this 30th day of July 2008 Dr. Sanchita Ganguli Of S. Majumdar & Co. Applicant's Agent 37

Full Text

FORM2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10; rule 13)

1. Title of the invention. -

LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITION

2. Applicant
(a)NAME : HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED
(b) NATIONALITY : An Indian Company
(c) ADDRESS: Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation,
Mumbai - 400 020. Maharashtra, India.

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
The following specification particularly describes the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

1 AUG 2008

This application is divided out of Application No, 1399/MUMNP/2005
LAUNDRY TREATMENT COMPOSITIONS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to laundry treatment compositions which comprise dye which is substantive to cotton.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
Dyes have been included in laundry treatment products for many years. Perhaps the oldest use of dyes is to add a substantive coloured dye to coloured clothes which require rejuvenation of colour for example a substantive blue dye for rejuvenation of denim. These compositions usually contain a relatively high concentration of substantive dye. More recently non-substantive dyes have also been used to colour otherwise white laundry detergent compositions. In-the case of particulate detergents this has been in the form of so-called speckles to add colour to an otherwise white powder, however laundry detergent powders which are completely blue are also known. When dyes have been included in laundry treatment products in this way it was regarded as essential that non-substantive dyes were used to prevent undesired staining of washed fabrics.
It is also known that a small amount of blue or violet dye impregnated into an otherwise 'white' fabric can appear to have enhanced whiteness as described in Industrial Dyes (K.Hunger ed Wiley-VCH 2003). Modern white fabrics' are sold with some dye in their material in order to enhance the
2

whiteness at the point of sale of the garment. This dye is often blue or violet thouch other colours ere used. Howeve:

washed with a
once these garments are worn and subsecuently
cetercent composition tne cye is rapioly removed from the fabric often due to dissolution by a surfactant solution. Dye is also lost by reaction with bleach in the wash and fading due to light. This results in a gradual loss cf whiteness in addition to any other negative whiteness effects such as soiling. In many cases this leads to the, appearance of a yellow colour on the cloth.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a laundry treatment composition according to claim 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
Unless otherwise stated, all percentages or parts are en a weight basis-
Laundry treatment- compositions
The present invention relates to compositions which are use;

to reat launch

items such as clothes. Such composition:

are preferably laundry detergent compositions used for washing (especially particulate detergents, liquid detergents, laundry bars, pastes, gels or tablets), laundry fabric conditioners used for softening fabrics, pre-treatment products, post-treatment products, tumble dryer products, ironing products etc. Preferably they are laundry-treatment products which are applied in an aqueous . environment.

The dyes may be incorporated into the treatment products in a wide variety of ways. For example dyes which are not sensitive to heat may be included in the slurry which is to be spray dried when the treatment product is a particulate detergent composition. Another way cf incorporating dyes into particulate detergent products is to add them to granules which are post-added to the main detergent powder. In this case there may be a concentration of dye in the granules which could present the dancer of spotting and dye damage on the clothes to be treated. This can be avoided if the concentration cf dye in the granules is less than 0.1%. For liquid products the dyes are simply added to the liquid and blended in substantially homcgeneously.
Because" the dyes are substantive, only a small amount is required to provide the enhanced whiteness effect hence preferably the treatment composition comprises from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt%, preferably from 0.0005 to 0.-05 wt% of the dye, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.C-I wt%, most preferably from 0.002 to 0.008- wt%.
The dyes
The photostable dyes of the present invention are unusual in that they are substantive to cotton. It is preferred that the dye has a substantivity to cctton in a standard test cf greater than 7%, preferably.from 3 to SG%, more preferably from 10 to 60%, mest preferably from 15 to 40-c, wherein the standard test is with a dye concentration such that the solution has an optical density cf approximately I (5 cm pathlength) at the maximum absorption cf the eye in the
4

visible wavelengths (400-700nm), a surfactant concentration of 0.3 g/L and under wash conditions of a liquor to cloth ratio cf 45:1, temperature of 20CC, seak, times of 45 minutes, agitation time of 10 minutes. Hicher substantivities "are preferred as this means less dye must be added to the formulation to achieve the effect.. This is preferred for reasons cf cost and also because excess levels of eye in the formulation can lead to an unacceptable level of dye colour in the wash liquor and also in the powder.
A photostable dye is a dye which does not quickly photodegrade in the presence of natural summer sunlight. A photostable dye in the current context may be defined as a dye which, when on cotton, does not degrade by more than 10% when subjected to 1 hour of irradiation by simulated Florida
sunlight (42 W/m2 in UV and 343 W/m2 in visible).
It is preferable that the dyes have a blue and/or violet shade. This can mean that the peak absorption frequency cf the dyes absorbed on the cloth lies within the range of from 540nm to 650nm, preferably from 570nm to S30nm. This effect can advantageously be achieved by a combination of dyes, each of which not necessarily having a peak absorption within these preferred ranges but together produce an effect on the human eye which is equivalent to a single dye with a peak absorption within one cf the preferred ranees.
Organic dyes are described in Industrial Dyes (K.Hunger ed wiley-VCH 2003). A compilation of available dyes is the .Colour Index published by Society of Dyer and Colourists and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists 2002

(see http://www.colour-index.org) . Suitable dves for the current application may be taken front any of the chromophore types, e.g. azo, anthraquinone, triarylmethane netnine quinophthalone, azine, oxazine thiazine It is preferred that the dye does not contain a reactive group such as found in procion and reiriazol dyes. Due to the wider ranee available azo, anthraquinone and triaryiniethone eves are preferred. Azo dyes are especially Preferred.
Dyes are conventionally defined as being reactive, cisoerse, direct, vat, sulphur, cationic, acid or solvent eves. For the purposes of the present invention, acid and/or direct dyes are preferred.
For use in products which contain predominately anionic surfactants, dyes containing acid groups are preferred. For use in products which contain predominantly cationic surfactants, eyes containing basic grOUpS are ^referred. This is to prevent precipitation between the dye in surfactant.
Suitable dyes for use in products containing oredoainately anionic.surfactants include' those listed in the Colour Index as Direct Violet Dyes (e.g. Direct Violet i-103), Direct Blue dyes, Acid Blue and Acid Violet dves.
Suitable dyes for use in products containina predominately cationic surfactants include those listen in the Colour Index as Basic Blue and Basic Violet Dves.
6

To avoid shade chances caused by pick cr loss of a proton it is preferred that the eye does not have a pKa or pKb at or near the pH of the product. Most preferably no pKa or pKb ln the pH range of from 7 to II.
It is preferred that the dye has a high extinction coefficient, so that a small amount of eye gives a large amount of colour. Preferably the extinction coefficient at the maximum absorption of the dye is greater than 1000 mol-1 L cm"1, preferably greater than 10,000 mol-1 L cm"1, more preferably greater than 50,000 mcl"1 L cm"1.
Suitable dyes can be obtained from any major supplier such as Clariant, Ciba Speciality Chemicals, Dystar, Avecia cr Bayer.
Laundry detergent compositions
Detergent-active compounds {surfactants) may be chosen from soap and non-soap anionic, cationic, ncnionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic detergent-active compounds, and mixtures thereof. Many suitable detergent-active compounds are available and are fully described in the literature, for example, in "Surface-Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Ferry and Berch. The preferred detergent-active compounds that can be used are soaps and synthetic non-soap anionic and nonionic compounds. The total amount of surfactant present is suitably within the range of from 5 to 60 vt%, preferably from 5 to 40 wt% .

Anionic surfactants are well-known to those skilled in the art. Examples include alkyibenzene sulphonates, particularly linear alkyibenzene sulphonates having an alkyl
chain length of Cg-C15; primary and secondary
aikylsulphates, particularly C9-C20 primary alkyl sulphates;
alkyl ether sulphates; olefin sulphonates; alkyl xylene sulphonates; diaikyl sulphosuccinates; and fatty acid ester sulphonates. Sodium salts are generally preferred. Nonionic surfactants that may be used include the primary
and secondary alcohol ethoxylates, especially the Cg-C20
aliphatic alcohols ethoxylated with an average cf from 1 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, and more
especially the C10-C15 primary and secondary aliphatic
alcohols ethoxylated with an average of from 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. Non-ethcxyiated nonionic surfactants include aikanoiamides, aikyipoiygiycosides, glycerol menoethers, and pelyhydroxyamides (glucamide).
Cationic surfactants that may be used include quaternary
ammonium salts of the general formula R1R2R3R4N+X-wherein
the R groups are long or short hydrocarbyl chains, typically alkyl, hycroxyaikyl or ethoxylated alkyl groups, and X is a
solubilising anion {for example, compounds in which ?'i is a C3-C22 slkyl group, preferably a C6-C10 or C12-C14 alkyl
croup, R2 is a methyl group, and R3 and R4, which may be the
same or different, are methyl or hydroxyethyl groups); and cationic esters (for example, chorine esters).
8

Amphoteric anc twittericnic surfactants that may be used include alkyl amine oxides, betaines and sulphobeteines. In accordance with the present invention the surfactant (a) more preferably comprises an amimiz suiphonate cr suiphonate surfactant optionally in admixture with cne or more staurfactants selected from ethcxylated nonionic surfaremants, non-ethoxvleted nonicnic surfactants,

surfactants, caticnic
etncxyiatec surphote anionic
surfactants , theme thereof.
exices, alkanolabides and combinations

Surfactants are rreferably present in a total amount of from

to 40 wt% .
5 tc €0 wt%, rr.c-re preferably from, 10

Laundry detergent compositions ::" the present invention preferably contain a detercerary builtor, althouph it is conceivable that formulations without any builder are possible.
Laundry detergent compositions of the invention suitably contain from. is to 80% preferably from 15 to 70% by weight, of detergency outlier. Preferably, the quantity of builder is in the rar-re of from 15 to 50% by weight.
Preferably the builder is selected from zeolite, sodium tripolyphosphete, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, layere silicate, ant combinations of these.
The zeolite used as a builder may be the commercially available zeolite A (zeolite 4A) now widely used in laundry detergent powders. Alternatively, the zeolite may be
9

maximum aluminium zeolite ? (zeolite MAp) as described and claimed in EP 384 0105 (Unilever) , and commercially availabie as Doucii (Trade Mark) A24 from Ineos Silicas Lid, UK.
Zeolite KAP is defined as an alkali metal aluminosilicate of zeolite P type having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.33, preferably within the range of from 0.90 to 1.20. Especially Lreferred is zeolite MA? having a silicon to aluminium ratio not exceeding 1.07, more preferably about 1.00. The particle size of the zeolite is not critical. Zeolite A cr zeolite MAP of any suitable particle size may be used.
."Also preferred according to the present invention are phosphate builders, especially sodium tripclyphcsphate. This may be used in combination with sodium orthophosphate,. and/cr sodium pyrophosphate.
Other inorganic builders that may be present additionally or alternatively include sodium carbonate, layered silicate, amorphous aiuminosilicates.
Organic builders that may be present include poiycarboxylate polymers such as poiyacrylates and acrylic/maleic copolymers; poiyaspartates; monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, cxydisuccinates, glycerol monc-di-and trisuccinates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates, carbcxy-
methyloxymalonates, dipicolinates, hydrcxyethyl-
10

iminodiacetates, alkyl- and alkenylmalonates and succinates; and sulphonated fatty acid salts.
Organic builders may be used in minor amounts as supplements to inorganic builders such as phosphates and zeolites. Especially preferred supplementary organic builders are citrates, suitably used in amounts of from 5 to 30 wt %, preferably from 10 to 25 wt %; and acrylic polymers, more especially acrylic/maleic copolymers, suitably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 15 wt %, preferably from 1 to 10 wt%. Builders, both inorganic and organic, are preferably present in alkali metal salt, especially sodium salt, form.
As well as the surfactants and builders discussed above, the compositions may optionally contain bleaching components and other active ingredients to enhance performance and properties.
These optional ingredients may include, but are not limited to, any one or more of the following': soap, peroxyacid and persalt bleaches, bleach activators, sequestrants, cellulose ethers and esters, other antiredeposition agents, sodium sulphate, sodium silicate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, other inorganic salts, proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases, other detergent
enzymes, fluorescers, photobleaches, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, other dye transfer inhibiting polymers, foam controllers,
foam boosters, acrylic and acrylic/maleic polymers, citric acid, soil release polymers, fabric conditioning compounds,
coloured speckles and perfumer
11

Detergent compositions according to the invention may suitably contain a bleach system. The bleach system is preferably based on peroxy bleach compounds, for example, inorganic persalts or organic peroxyacids, capable of yielding hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution. Suitable peroxy bleach compounds include organic peroxides such as urea peroxide, and inorganic persalts such as the alkali metal perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates, persilicates and persulphates. Preferred inorganic persalts are sodium perborate.monohydrate and tetrahydrate, and sodium percarbonate. . Especially preferred is sodium percarbonate having a protective coating against destabilisation by moisture. Sodium percarbonate having a protective coating comprising sodium metaborate and sodium silicate is disclosed in GB 2 123 044B (Kao).
The peroxy bleach compound is suitably present in an amount of from 5 to 35 wt%, preferably from 10 to 25 wt%.
The peroxy bleach compound may be used in conjunction with a bleach activator (bleach precursor) to improve bleaching action at low wash temperatures. The bleach precursor is suitably present in an amount of from 1 to 8 wt%, preferably from 2 to 5 wt%.
Preferred bleach precursors are peroxycarboxylic acid precursors, more especially peracetic acid precursors and peroxybenzoic acid precursors; and peroxycarbonic acid precursors. An especially preferred bleach precursor suitable for use in the present invention is N,N,N',N'-tetracetyl ethylenediamine (TAED). Also of interest are
12

peroxybenzoic acid precursors, in particular, N,N,N-trimethy1ammonium toluoyloxy benzene sulphonate.
A bleach stabiliser {heavy metal sequestrant) may also be present. Suitable bleach stabilisers include ethylenediarr.ine tetraacetate (EDTA) and the polyphosphonates such as Dequest {Trade Mark), EDTMP.
Although, as previously indicated, in one preferred embodiment of the invention enzymes are preferably absent, in other embodiments detergent enzymes may be present. Suitable enzymes include the proteases, amylases, cellulases, oxidases, peroxidases and lipases usable for incorporation in detergent compositions.
In particulate detergent compositions, detergency enzymes are commonly employed in granular form in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 3.0 wt%. However, any suitable physical form of enzyme may be used in any effective amount.
Antiredeposition agents, for example cellulose esters and ethers, for example sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, may also be present.
The compositions may also contain soil release polymers, for example sulphonated and unsulphonated PET/POET polymers, both end-capped and non-end-capped, and polyethylene glycol/polyvinyl alcohol graft copolymers such as Sokolan (Trade Mark) HP22. Especially preferred soil release polymers are the sulphonated non-end-capped polyesters described and claimed in WO 95 32997A (Rhodia Chimie).
13

Powder detergent composition of low to moderate bulk density may be prepared by spray-drying a slurry, and optionally postdosing (dry-mixing) further ingredients.
"Concentrated" or "compact" powders may be prepared by mixing and granulating processes, for example, using a high-speed mixer/granulator, or other non-tower processes.
Tablets may be prepared by compacting powders, especially "concentrated" powders.
Fabric conditioners
Cationic softening material is preferably a quaternary ammonium fabric softening material.
The quaternary ammonium fabric softening material compound has two C12-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups connected to the nitrogen head group, preferably via at least one ester link. It is more preferred if the quaternary ammonium material has two ester links present.
Preferably, the average chain length of the alkyl or alkenyl group is at least C14, more preferably at least C16 Most
preferably at least half of the chains have a length of C18.
It is generally preferred if the alkyl or alkenyl chains are predominantly linear.
The first group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by formula (I):

14

E(CH2}n(TR)]m

R1-N1-[CH2)n(OH))3-m

(T)

wherein each R is independently selected from a C5-35 alkyl cr alkenyl group, R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl, C2-4 alkenyl o: a C1-4 hydroxyalkyl group.

T is

n is 0 or a number selected from 1 to 4, m is 1, 2 or 3 and

:notes the number of moieties to which

relates tnat pena

directly from the N atom, and X is an anionic group, such
as halides or alkyl sulphates, e.g. chloride, methyl sulphate or ethyl sulphate.
Especially preferred materials within this formula are di-alkenyl esters of triethanol ammonium Methyl sulphate. Commercial examples include Tetranyl AK7-1 {di-hardened oleic ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 80% active), AT-1 (di-oleic ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 90% active), L5/90 (palm ester of triethanol ammonium methyl sulphate 90% active), all ex Kao. Other unsaturated Quaternary ammonium materials include Rewoouet
15

vEI5 (C10-C20 end C16-C18 unsaturated ratty acid reaction
products with triethanoiamine dimethyl sulphate cuaternised 90 % active), ex Witco Corporation.
The second group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by formula (II):
I
(R1)3N+ (CK2)n— CH X~ Formula (II)
I
CH2TR2
wherein each R group is independently selected from C1-4
alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or C2-4 alkenyl groups; and wherein each
2
R croup is independently selected from C8-28 alkyl or
alkenyl groups; n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5 and 7 and X are as defined above.
Preferred materials of this class such as 1,2 bis [tallowoyloxy] -3- trimethylammonium propane chloride and 1,2-bis[oleyloxy] -3-trimethylammonium propane chloride and their method of preparation are, for example, described in US 4137180 (Lever Brothers), the contents of which are incorporated herein. Preferably these materials also comprise small amounts of the corresponding monoester, as described in US 4137180.
16

A third group of cationic fabric softening co-pounds for us-in the invention is represented by formula (III):

— R2 — 1CH2)n — T — R2 X (II

wherein each R" croup is independently selected from C1-4
aikyl, or C2-4 aihenyl croups; and wherein each. R2 croup is
independently selected from. C8-28- alkyl or alkenyl groups
is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5 anc T and X are =s.defired above.
A fourth group of cationic fabric softening compounds for use in the invention is represented by fomula (IV} :

wherein each R1 croup is independently selected from C1-4 aikyl, or C2-3 alkenyl croups; and wherein each R2 group is
17

independently selected from C8-28 alky! or alkenyl croups; and X is as defined above.
The iodine value of -he parent fatty acyl compound or acid from which the cationic softening itatsrial is formed is frc: 0 to 140, preferably from 0 to 100, more preferably from 0 to 60.
It is especially preferred that the iodine value cf the parent compound is from 0 to 20, e.g. 0 to 4. Where the iodine value is 4 or less, the softening material provides excellent softening results and has improved resistance to oxidation and associated odour problems upon storage.
when unsaturated hydrocarbyl chains are present, it is preferred that the cisitrans weight ratio of the material i: 50:50 cr more, more preferably 60:40 or more, most preferably 70:30 or more, e.g. 65:15 or more.
The iodine value of the parent fatty acid or acyl compound is measured according to the method set out in respect cf parent fatty acids in WO-A1-01/46513.
The softening material is preferably present in an amount c-from 1 to 60% by weight of the total composition, more preferably from 2 to 40%, most preferably from 3 to 30% by weight.
The composition optionally comprises a silicone. Typical silicones for use in the compositions of the oresent
18

invention are siloxanes which have the general formula RaSiO(4-a)/2 wherein each R is the same or different and is selected from hydrocarbon and hydroxyl croups, a being from 0 to 3. In the bulk material, 'a' typically has an average value of from 1.85-2.2.
The silicone can have a linear or cyclic structure." It is. particularly preferred that the silicone is cyclic as it is believed that cyclic silicones deliver excellent raster drying characteristics to fabrics.
"Preferably, the silicone is a polydi-C1-5alkyl siloxane.
Particularly preferred is polydimethyl siloxane. The siloxane is preferably end-terminated, if linear, either by
a tri-C1-6 alkylsiiyl croup (e.g. trimethyisiiyl) or a
hydroxy-di-C1-6 alkylsiiyl group (e.g. hydroxy-cimethyisilyl) croups, or by both.
More preferably the silicone is a cyclic polymdimethyl siioxane.
Suitable commercially available silicones include DC2 4 5 {poiydimethyicyclopentasiioxane also known as D5) , DC24S (polydimethylcyciohexasiioxane also known as 05), DC1134 (a pre-emulsified polydimethylpentasiloxane also known as L5) and DC347 {a pre-emulsified lOOcSt FDMS fluid) ail ex Dow Corninc.
19

The silicone may be received and incorporated into the composition either directly as an oil or ore-emulsified.
pre-emulsification is typically required when the silicone is of a more viscous nature.
Suitable emuisifiers include cationic emuisifiers, nonionic emuisifiers or mixtures thereof.
The reference to the viscosity of the silicone denotes either the viscosity before emuisificaticn when the silicone is provided as an emulsion for incorporation into the fabric conditioning composition cr the viscosity of the silicone itself when provided as an oil for incorporation into the fabric conditioning composition.
The silicone preferably has a viscosity (as measured on a Erookfieid RV4 viscometer at 25°C using spindle No.4 at 100 rpm) of from icSt to less than 10,000 centi-Stokes (cSt), -preferably from IcSt to 5,Q00cSt, more preferably from 2cSt to l,000cSt and most preferably 2cSt to lOOcSt.
It has been found that drying time can be reduced using silicones having a viscosity of from 1 to 500,000 cSt. However, it is most preferred that the viscosity is from 1 to less than 10,OOOcSt.
The silicone- active ingredient is preferably present at a level of from 0.5 to 20%, more prefer-ably from 1 to 12%, most preferably from 2 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
20

Optionally and advantageously, one or more un-alkoxylated fatty alcohols are present in fabric conditioners of the present invention.
Preferred alcohols have a hydrocarbyl chain length of from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 11 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably 15 to 19 carbon atoms.
The fatty alcohol may be saturated or unsaturated, though saturated fatty alcohols are preferred as these have been found to deliver greater benefits in terms of stability, especially low temperature stability.
Suitable commercially available fatty alcohols include tallow alcohol {available as Kydrenol S3, ex Sidobre Sinnova, and Laurex CS, ex Clariant).
The fatty alcohol content in the compositions is from 0 to -10% by weight, more preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight, most preferably from 0.01 to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
It is particularly preferred that a fatty alcohol is present
if the composition is concentrated, that is if more than 8%
by weight of the cationic softening agent is present in the
composition.
It is preferred that the compositions further comprise a nonionic surfactant. Typically these can be included for the purpose of stabilising the compositions.

Suitable nonionic surfactants include addition products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids and fatty amines.
Any of the alkoxylated materials of the particular type described hereinafter can be used as the nonionic surfactant.
Suitable surfactants are substantially water soluble surfactants of the general formula:
R—Y—(C2H4O}2— C2H4OH
where R is selected from the croup consisting of primary, secondary and branched chain alkyl and/or acyl hydrocarbyl croups; primary, secondery and branched chain alkenyl hydrocarbyi groups; and primary, secondary and branched chain alkenyl-substituted phenolic hydrocarbyi croups; the hydrocarbyi croups having a chain length of from 8 to about 25, preferably 10 to 20, e.g. 14 to IS carbon atoms.
In the general formula for the aikoxylated nonionic surfactant, Y is typically:
-0— , — C(O)O— , —C(0)N(R}-- or -C(O)N(H)R-
in which R has the meaning given above or.can be hydrogen;
1 V'..;
and Z is preferably from 8 to 40, more preferably from 10 to 30, most preferably from 11 to 25, e.g. 12 to 22.
22

The level ox alxoxylation, 2, denotes the average number of alkoxy groups per molecule.
Preferably the nonicnic surfactant has an HL3 of from about 7 to about 20, more preferably from 10 to IS, e.g. 12 to 16.
Examples of nonionic surfactants follow. In the examoies, the integer defines the number of ethoxy (EO) croups ,in the molecule.
The deca-, undeca-, dodeca-, tetradeca, and pentadecaethcxylates of n-hexacecanol, and n-octadecanol
having an KLB within the range recited herein are useful visccsity/cispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention. Exemplary ethoxylated primary alcohols useful herein as the viscosity/dispersibility modifiers of the
compositions are C18 E0{10); and C18 £0(11). The ethcxvlates of mixed natural or synthetic alcohols in the "tallow" chain-length range are also useful herein. Specific examples of such materials include tallow alcohol-EO (11), tallow alcohol-EO(18)/ and tallow alcohol-EO (25), coco aicohol-EO(10), coco alcohoI-EO(15), coco alcohol-EO (20) and coco alcohol-EO(25).
The deca-, undeca-,. dodeca-, tetradeca-, pentadeca-, octadeca-, and nonadeca-ethoxylates of 3-hexadecanol, 2-octadecanol, 4-eicosanoi, and 5-eicosanol having an HL3 within the range recited herein are useful viscosity and/or cispersibility modifiers in the context of this invention. Examplary ethoxyiated secondary alcohols useful herein as

the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the compositions are: C16 EQ(ll); C20 EO(li); and C15 E0(14).
As in the case of the alcohol alkexyiates, the hexa- to octaceca-ethoxyiates of alkylated phenols, particularly monchydric alkylphenols, having an HLB within "he ranee recited herein are useful as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the instant compositions. The hexa- to octadeca-ethoxyiates of p-tri-decylphenol,"m-pentadecylphenol, and the like, are useful herein. Exemplary ethoxylated alkylphenols useful as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the mixtures herein are: p—tridecylphenoi £0(11) and p-pentadecyiphenol E0(18}-
As used herein and as generally recognized in the art, a phenyiene group in the nonionic formula is the equivalent of an alkylene group containing from 2 to 4 carbon atom's. For present purposes, nonionics containing a phenyiene group are considered to contain an equivalent number of carbon atoms calculated as the sum cf the carbon atoms in the alkyl group plus about 3.3 carbon atoms for each phenyiene group.
The aikenyl alcohols, both primary and secondary, and alkenyl phenols corresponding to those disclosed immediately hereinabove can be ethoxylated to an HLB within the range recited herein and used as the viscosity and/or dispersibility modifiers of the instant compositions.
Branched chain primary and secondary alcohols which are available from the well-known "0X0" process can be
24

ethoxylated and employed as the viscosity and/or cispersibriity modifiers of compositions herein.
Suitable poiyol based surfactants include sucrose esters such sucrose monocleates, alkyl polyglucosides such as stearyl monoglucosides and stearyl tricluccside and aikyl polyglycerols.
The above nonionic surfactants are useful in the present compositions alone or in combination, and the term "nonionic surfactant" encompasses mixed nonionic surface active agents.
The nonionic surfactant is present in"an amount from 0.01 10%, more preferably 0.1 to 5%, most preferably 0.35 to 3.5%, e.g. 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight the composition.
The fabric conditioner compositions of the invention preferably comprise one or more perfumes.
It is well known that perfume is provided as a mixture of various components. Suitable components for use in the perfume include those described in "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals) by Steffen Arctander, publish by the author 195.9 Montciait, N.J. (US), reprinted 1st Apr 1S32 library of Ccncress Cataloa Number 75-91393.
25

The perfume is preferably present in an amount from 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, most preferably 0.5 to 4.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
The liquid carrier employed in the instant compositions is at least partly water due to its low cost, relative availability, safety, and environmental compatibility. The level of water in the liquid carrier is mere than about 50%, preferably more than about 80%, more preferably more than about 85%, by weight of the carrier. The level of liquid carrier is greater than about 501, preferably greater than about 65%, more preferably greater than about 70%. Mixtures of water and a low molecular weight, e.g. Co-active softeners for the cationic surfactant may also be incorporated in an amount from 0.01 to 2C% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 10%, based on the total weight of the composition. Preferred co-active softeners include fatty esters, and fatty N-oxides.
Preferred fatty esters include fatty monoesters, such as glycerol monostearate (hereinafter referred to as "GKS"). If GMS is present, then it is preferred that the level of
26

GMS in the composition is from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
The co-active softener may also comprise an oily sugar derivative. Suitable oily sugar derivatives, their methods of manufacture and their preferred amounts are described in WO-A1-01/4636I on page 5 line 16 to pace 11 line 20, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein.
It is useful, though not essential, if the compositions comprise one or more polymeric viscosity control agents. Suitable polymeric viscosity control agents include nonionic and cationic polymers, such as hydrcphcbically modified cellulose ethers (e.g.'Natrosol Plus, ex Hercules), cationically modified starches {e.g. Softgel 5 DA and Softgel ED, both ex Avebe) . A particularly preferred viscosity control agent is a copolymer of methacryiate and cationic acrylamide available under the tradename Flosoft 200 (ex SNF Floerger).
Nonionic and/or cationic polymers are preferably present in an amount of 0.01 to 5wt%, more preferably 0.G2 to 4wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.
Other optional nonionic softeners, bactericides, soil-
releases agents may also be incorporated in fabric
! conditioners of the invention. . ,.
27

The compositions may also contain one or mere optional ingredients conventionally included in fabric conditioning compositions such as pH buffering agents, perfume carriers fluorescers, colourants,, hydrotropes, a.otif oa~ing agents, antireceposition agents, polyelectrolytes, enzymes, optical brightening agents, peariescers, anti-shrinking agents, anti-wrinkle agents, anti-spotting agents, antioxidants, sunscreens, anti-corrosion agents, crape imparting agents, preservatives, anti-static agents, ironing aids and other dyes.
The product may be a liquid or solid. Preferably the product is a liquid which, in its undiluted state at ambient temperature, comprises an aqueous liquid, preferably en aqueous dispersion of the cationic softening material.
When the product is an aqueous liquid, it preferably has a pH of greater than 1.5 and less than 5, more preferably greater than 2 and less than 4.5.
The fabric conditioner composition is preferably used in the rinse cycle of a home textile laundering operation, where, it may be added directly in an undiluted state to a washing machine, e.g. through a dispenser drawer or, for a top-loading washing machine, directly into the drum. Alternatively, it can be diluted prior, to use. The compositions may also be used in a domestic hand-washing laundry operation.
28

To determine the substantivity of a range of eyes the following experiment was performed. A stock solution of 1.5g/L of a base washing powder in water was created. The washing powder contained 18% NaLAS, 73% salts {silicate, sodium tri-poiy-phesphate, sulphate, carbonate), 3% minors including perborate, fluorescer and enzymes, remainder impurities and water. - The solution was divided into 60ml aliquots and dye added to this to give a solution of optical density of approximately 1 (5 cm pathiencth) at the maximum absorption of the dye in the visible lengths, 4 00-7G0nm. The optical density was measured using a UV-visible spectrometer. 1 piece of bleached, non-mercerised, non-fluorescent woven cotton cloth (ex Phoer.ic Calico) weighing 1. 3g was placed in the solution at room temperature (20°C) .-This cloth represents a slightly yellow cotton. The cloth" was left to soak for 4 5 minutes then r.he solution agitated for 10 mins, rinsed and dried. Following this the optical density of the solution was re-measured and the amount of eye absorbed by the cloth calculated. This experiment was repeated for each dye and A replicates were done per dye.
The dyes used and the % deposition is given in table 1. Table 2 gives the maximum extinction coefficient, eMAx in the wash solution and the peak absorption wavelength in solution and on cotton. All values are reported to 2 significant ficures.
29

Table 1

Dye | % Deposition
Acid Black 1 23
Food Black 1 0.50
Direct Blue 1 4S
Direct Violet 51 69
Direct Blue 71 34
Acid Violet 9 2.1
Acid Blue 80 6.8
Acid Violet 17 18
Acid Red 88 47
Acid Red 150 33
Table 2

Dye Type [mol'aL cm"1] [nm] ' in solution, on cotton
Acid Black 1 AZO 51000 620,. 630
Food Black 1 Azo 41000 570, 590
Direct Blue 1 Azo 120000 600, 640
Direct Violet 51 Azo 65000 550, 570
Direct 31ue 71 Azo 120000 590, 600
Acid Violet 9 Trieryl 46000 540
Acid Blue 80 Anthraquinone 270Q0 630, 630
1 Acid Violet 17 Triaryl 53000 520, 590
Acid Red 88 Azo 14400 510, 520
Acid Red 150 Azo 23600 520, 530
30

Examole 2
The experiment of example I was repeated except the eve level in the wash solution was decreased to i/10th so that the optical density was 0.1 (5 cm path length). Following the washes the Ganz whiteness of the cloth was measured {see "assessment of Whiteness and Tint of Fluorescent Substrates with Good Tnterinstrument Correlation" Colour Research and Application 19, 1994). The results are displayed in table 3, the ganz whiteness values are accurate to + /-5 units. Large increase in the measured Ganz whiteness are found for
the substantive blue and violet dyes with λmax on cotton in the range 570 to 640.
Table 3

Dye Ganz whiteness
Control 150
Acid Black 1 171
Food Black 1 155
Direct Blue I 190
Direct Violet 51 203
Direct Blue 71 205
Acid Violet 5 153
Acid Blue SO 152
Acid Violet 17 17 0
Acid black:!, direct blue 1, direct violet 51, direct blue 71 and acid violet 17 gave the greatest increase in Ganz whiteness.
Direct violet 51 and direct blue 71 gave a higher Ganz whiteness value than direct blue 1 and they, have the further
31

advantage over direct blue 1 that they are not metabolised in the body to give carcinogenic amine, unlike the huge number of cirect blue and violet dyes {e.g. cirect blue 1) which contain moieties which breakdown to give the carcinogenic benzidine, 3,3'dimethoxybenzidine or 3,3'-dimethylbenzicine. These dyes also have an advantage over many direct violet eyes which contain transition metals that are hazardous to the environment and to humans.
Preferred direct dyes fell into two groups: The first group comprises tris-azo direct blue eves based on the structure:
X—N

where at least two of the A,B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group. The C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate croups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OK group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NKPh group.
Non-limiting examples of these dyes are direct blue 34, 70, 71, 72, 75, 73, 82, 120.
The second group comprises bis-azo direct violet dyes based on the structure
32

where Z is H or phenyl. The A ring is preferably substituted by a methyl and methoxy group at the positions indicated'by arrows.The A ring may also be a naphthyl ring. The Y group is a benzyl cr naphthyl ring, which is substituted by sulphate group and may be mono or cisubstituted by methyl croups.
Non-limiting examples of these dyes are direct violet 5, 7, 11, 31, 51. The invention also comprises compositions including a single dye of the structure of the first or second group, or mixtures thereof, the dye or mixture having the defined peak absorption wavelength.
Exemple 3

The experiment of example 1 was repeated except using dyes at lower concentrations, such that the optical density (5cm) was approximately 0.05 and 0.025 giving faintly coloured wash liquors (i.e. using dye levels 1/20 and l/40th of experiment 1). Following washing and drying the increase in whiteness was measured by a reflectometer and expressed in Ganz units. The Ganz values are accurate to +/- 5 units. The results are shown in the Table 3 below.
33

Table A

dye Garz whiteness

OD-0.05 0D-0.025
control Direct BLUE:- J Direct white_ 51 Direct BLUE- 156 163 153 171 156
175
-
164 155
Direct blue "1 gave the best results.
Example 4
Example 3 was repeated but using the blue dye Acid Black 1, the red dyes Acid Red 88 and Acid Red 150, and mixtures . thereof. The results are shown in the tables below.
Table 5

dye Genz whiteness

OD-0.05 OD-0.025
control Acid Black 1 Acid Red 88 Acid Red 150 154 160 (A) 150 (C) 164 (Z) 154 160 (B) 152 (D) 160 (F)
34

Table 6

Dye Mixture Ganz whiteness
control 154
(A)+(C) 173
(A)+(D) 175
(A3+0.5(D) 171
(A){E) 176
(A)+(F) 175
{A}-0.5{F} 169
The results show that mixtures of red and blue dyes gives a greater increase in whiteness than either alone. This is because the mixture produces a violet shade.
35

We claim:
1. A laundry treatment composition which comprises a surfactant and from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt% of a combination of dyes which together have a visual effect on the human eye as a single dye having a peak absorption wavelength on cotton of from 54 0 nm to 65 0 nm, preferably from 570 mn to 630 run, the combination comprising a photostable dye which is substantive to cotton, wherein the photostable dye is selected from the group comprising tris-azo direct blue dyes of the formula:

where at least two of the A, B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group, the C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate groups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OH group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NHPh group.
2. A laundry treatment composition which comprises a surfactant and from 0.0001 to 0.1 wt% of a photostable dye which is substantive to cotton, the dye having a peak absorption wavelength on cotton of from 540 nm to 650 nm, preferably from 570 mn to 630 mn, and wherein the photostable dye is selected from the group comprising tris-azo direct blue dyes of the formula:
36

where at least two of the A, B and C napthyl rings are subsituted by a sulphonate group, the C ring may be substituted at the 5 position by an NH2 or NHPh group, X is a benzyl or napthyl ring substituted with upto 2 sulphonate groups and may be substituted at 2 position with a OH group and may also be substituted with an NH2 or NHPh group.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is a laundry detergent composition.
4. A composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is a laundry fabric conditioner.
5. A composition as claimed in claims 1 or 2, which comprises from 5 to 60 wt% of surfactant.
Dated this 30th day of July 2008
Dr. Sanchita Ganguli Of S. Majumdar & Co. Applicant's Agent
37

Documents:

1654-mumnp-2008-abstract.doc

1654-mumnp-2008-abstract.pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-ANNEXURE TO FORM 3(17-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(17-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(28-5-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CLAIMS(MARKED COPY)-(17-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CLAIMS(MARKED COPY)-(28-5-2012).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-claims.doc

1654-mumnp-2008-claims.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-correspondence 1(26-8-2009).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-correspondence 2(13-5-2009).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CORRESPONDENCE(29-4-2010).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CORRESPONDENCE(30-9-2009).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-CORRESPONDENCE(6-11-2008).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-correspondence.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-description(complete).doc

1654-mumnp-2008-description(complete).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-EP DOCUMENT(17-2-2012).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-form 1.pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 13(7-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 18(6-11-2008).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-form 2(title page).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-form 2.doc

1654-mumnp-2008-form 2.pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(12-8-2011).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(15-2-2011).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(15-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(24-2-2010).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(4-8-2010).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-FORM 3(8-8-2012).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-form 3.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-form 5.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-pct-ipe-237.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-pct-ipe-409.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-pct-isa-210.pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-pct-isa-237.pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-PETITION UNDER RULE 137(28-5-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT(17-2-2012).pdf

1654-MUMNP-2008-REPLY TO HEARING(28-5-2012).pdf

1654-mumnp-2008-wo international publication report a1.pdf

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Patent Number

253250

Indian Patent Application Number

1654/MUMNP/2008

PG Journal Number

28/2012

Publication Date

13-Jul-2012

Grant Date

06-Jul-2012

Date of Filing

01-Aug-2008

Name of Patentee

HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED

Applicant Address

HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED, UNILEVER HOUSE, B.D. SAWANT MARG, CHAKALA, ANDHERI EAST, MUMBAI -400 099

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	SORZE, ANDREA, DIAS	UNILEVER BRAZIL-HPC LA HEAD OFFICE ANASTACIO, AV. MANOEL DOMINGOS PINTO 481, 052120-000 SAO PAULO.
2	BARBIZAN, DANIELLE, SANTINHO	UNILEVER BRAZIL-HPC LA HEAD OFFICE ANASTACIO, AV. MANOEL DOMINGOS PINTO 481, 052120-000 SAO PAULO.
3	BATCHELOR, STEPHEN, NORMAN	UNILEVER R & D PORT SUNLIGHT, QUARRY ROAD EAST, BEBINGTON, WIRRAL MERSEYSIDE CH63 3JW.
4	GRIGOLON, LISANNE, BEATRIZ	UNILEVER BRAZIL-HPC LA HEAD OFFICE ANASTACIO, AV. MANOEL DOMINGOS PINTO 481, 052120-000 SAO PAULO.
5	STEEL, ANDREW, THOMAS	UNILEVER R & D PORT SUNLIGHT, QUARRY ROAD EAST, BEBINGTON, WIRRAL MERSEYSIDE CH63 3JW.

PCT International Classification Number

C11D3/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/EP2004/006085

PCT International Filing date

2004-06-04

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	0314210.6	2003-06-18	U.K.