Title of Invention

AN IMPROVED FLOAT-SINK APPARATUS TO EVALUATE THE EFFICIENCY AND OUTPUT QUALITY OF IRON-ORE BENEFICIATION

Abstract According to the invention there is provided an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore benification process, comprising a fluidization column receiving water via a homogeneous chamber from a water tank by means of an electrically operated pump.The water flow-rate to the fluidization column is monitored and controlled by a rotameter, and a bypass line provided with a plurality of valves.A plurality of pressure transducers operably disposed at different levels across the length of the fluidization coloumn. The transducers are connected to a data acquisition device to measure pressure at the plurality of levels. A plurality of sample tapping points including a corresponding number of sample tapping lines is provided at the plurality of levels across the fluidization coloumn. The number of the pressure transducers and the sample tapping points as identical. The sample tapping lines each is provided with an electronically operated valve , and one funnel with a top screen. The separated particles are manually collected from the screens out of the slurry discharged by the sample tapping lines .
Full Text -2-
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to iron ore beneficiation. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improved float-sink apparatus to evaluate the yield of iron-ore beneficiation processes. The invention further relates to a method of testing washability of raw material in an improved float-sink apparatus.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Iron ore beneficiation is traditionally confined to size reduction of the ore through crushing followed by screening and classification of the crushed ore at different size ranges. This simple method of beneficiation of iron ore although produces concentrate of desired grade, but from a high-grade feed. In the recent years, state -of-the-art beneficiation equipment are being introduced in iron ore beneficiation to produce desired grade concentrate, particularly from a relatively low-grade feed. All such equipment are optimized based on chemical analysis of feed, its concentrate and reject. However,

-3-
this kind of optimization of the equipment constitutes an indirect method of process evaluation. Such optimization method does not either portray a theoretical yield or a separation efficiency based on the tromp curve. The direct and traditional method (involving float-sink analysis) applicable to other process evaluation cannot be pursued in case of the iron ore due to lack of availability of heavy liquids specifically required for the purpose. The only liquid presently used for this purpose is very costly and not safe to handle and thus cannot be used on regular basis. Thus, there exists a need to provide an improved apparatus to evaluate the efficiency of iron-ore beneficiation process.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to propose an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore beneficiation processes, which eliminates the disadvantages of prior art.

-4-
Another object of the invention is to propose an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore beneficiation processes which is operable with cheaper fluid.
A further object of the invention is to propose an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore beneficiation processes which is operable with liquid that can be safely handled.
A still further object of invention is to propose a method of testing iron-ore materials received as feed for beneficiation process.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore benification process, comprising a fluidization column receiving water via a homogeneous chamber from a water tank by means of an electrically operated pump . The water

-5-
flow-rate to the fluidization column is monitored and controlled by a rotameter, and a bypass line provided with a plurality of valves . A plurality of pressure transducers operably disposed at different levels across the length of the fluidization coloumn. The transducers are connected to a data acquisition device to measure pressure at the plurality of levels. A plurality of sample tapping points including a corresponding number of sample tapping lines is provided at the plurality of levels across the fluidization coloumn. The number of the pressure transducers and the sample tapping points as identical. The sample tapping lines each is provided with an electronically operated valve , and one funnel with a top screen. The separated particles are manually collected from the screens out of the slurry discharged by the sample tapping lines .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Fig. 1- schematically shows an improved float-sink apparatus according to the present invention.

-6-
Fig. 2- shows a flow-chart depicting the steps of the testing method according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The improved float-sink apparatus according to the invention is basically a fluidization column. Water is used as fluid. Water enters into the fluidization column (FC) through a homogenization chamber (1). Water is pumped to the fluidization column (FC) from a water tank (2). Water flow-rate (l/min) to the fluidization column (FC) is controlled by a bypass line (4) and a valve (3). The flow-rate is monitored from the readings of a rotameter (5). Superficial water velocity is calculated from the flow-rate and the cross-sectional area of the column. A plurality of pressure transducers (PTO-PT6) is operably disposed across the length of the fluidization column (FC). Preferably seven transducers could be used which are connected to a data acquisition device (6) to measure pressure at seven different levels across the fluidization column (FC). A corresponding number of sample tapping lines (STU-STU) are placed across the length of the fluidization column (FC). A plurality of sample tapping points (STP0-

-7-
STP6) are configured in respect of the sample tapping lines (STL0-ST6), which discharge the slurry to the respective screens (SRo-SRe) provided on respective funnels (F0-F6). The sample tapping lines (STU-STU) are arranged at the same levels at which the pressure transducers (PT0-PT6) are disposed. All the sample tapping lines (STU-STU) are each provided with an electronically-operable valve (ECV0-ECV6). The separated particles are collected manually from the screen top. The clean water goes back to the water tank (2). A fresh water line (FWL) is connected to the tank (2) to supply the fresh water via an electrically operated pump (8) before each test. The fluidization column (FC) is made up of steel and Perspex cylindrical section. The valves (3) and the pressure transducers (PT3) are disposed in the steel section. The balance portion of the apparatus is made up of Perspex. The different sections of the apparatus are fixed through threaded joints (9). Teflon ribbon is used along the threaded joints (8) while fixing the sections so as to stop any water leakage.

-8-Testing Methods
The float-sink apparatus can be used for testing feed particles, for example, -10.0 mm material. The material is tested as per the flowchart shown in Figure 2.
The material will be first screened to different (say 4 nos.) size fractions. The first size fraction (XiD) will be subjected to fluidization tests. In the test, the first step is to fluidize the particles and the complete fluidization will be ensured by a steady pressure drop across the pressure transducers (PT0 and PT6). The pressure drop will be noted down across the pressure transducers (PT0-PT3 and PT3-PT6). In the next step, the electronic valves (ECV0 & ECV3) for the transducers (TP3 and TP6 ) will be operated to collect fluidized samples. These samples are X1DH and X1DL. Volume of the samples will be measured using a measuring cylinder. Volume of the fluidized column (FC) for which the sample will be collected can also be

-9-
measured as height of the portion and the cross-sectional area of the section can be measured. These two values will provide the voidage (#E) for the X1DH and X1DL when they are fluidized. Therefore, the testing method will give the following values; pressure drop across certain height, the height, voidage in the fluidized solids. The density of the fluid is known. Using these values, specific gravity of the solids can be measured.

-10-
WE CLAIM:
1. An improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore benification process, comprising:
- a fluidization column (FC) receiving water via a
homogeneous chamber (1) from a water tank (2) by
means of an electrically operated pump (8), water flow-
rate to the fluidization column (FC) being monitored and
controlled by a rotameter (5), and a bypass line (4)
provided with a plurality of valves (3);
- a plurality of pressure transducers (PT0- PT6) operably
disposed at different levels across the length of the
fluidization coloumn (FC), the transducers (PT0-PT6) being
connected to a data acquisition device (6) to measure
pressure at said plurality of levels;
-
-11-
- a plurality of sample tapping points (STP0-STP6) including
a corresponding number of sample tapping lines (STL0-
STU) configured and provided at said plurality of levels
across the fluidization coloumn (FC), the number of the
pressure transducers and the sample tapping points being
identical; and
- the sample tapping lines (STL0-STU) each provided with
an electronically operated valve (ECV0-ECV6), and one
funnel (F0-F6) with a top screen (SCRo-SCR6), the
separated particles being manually collected from the
screens out of the slurry discharged by said sample
tapping lines (STU-STU).
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluidizatiqn coloumn (FC) comprises a first section formed of steel, and a second section made of Perspex, the two sections being affixed via threaded joints (9).

-12-
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of
pressure transducers (PT0-PT6) comprises seven pressure
transducers.
4. A method of testing materials in an improved float-sink
apparatus, the material being separated by adapting fluidization
of particles, the method comprising the steps of:
(A)- screening the materials to a plurality of size fractions (XiD, X2D, X3D, X4D);
(B)- subjecting a first size fraction (XiD) to fluidization test which
comprises:
(i) fluidizing the particles till complete fluidization being ensured by initially observing a steady pressure drop (Ap) in the plurality of pressure transducers (PT0.PT6), followed by a further observation across the first to fourth transducers (PT0-PT3), and across the fourth to seventh transducers (PT3-PT6),
(ii) operating the fourth to seventh electronic valves (ECV3-ECV6) and collecting fluidized samples (X1DH and X1DL);

-13-
(iii) measuring the volume of the collected samples (X1DH, X1DL) including the volume of the corresponding fluidized column, the two values providing a voidage measure (e) for the samples (X1DH, X1DL) when fluidized,
(C )- determining the specific gravity (ps) based on values obtained in respect of pressure drop (Ap), voidage (e), and the known density of the fluid;
(D)- subjecting the samples (X1DH, X1DL) to further fluidization tests to obtain at least four different density classes (D1-D4);
(E)- repeating the steps (A) to (D) for the remaining size fractions (X2D, X3D, X4D); and
(F)- determining weight of each density class (D1- D4) by adapting
the device relationship of:n n

-14-
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the volume of the
samples (X1DH/ X1DJ is measured using a measuring cylinder, and
wherein the volume of the fluidized column (FC) is measured as a
height of the proportion (h) and a cross-sectional area (A) of the
section of the fluidized column (FC).
6. The method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the pressure drop
(Ap) across the fluidized column (FC) is

wherein,
Ap= pressure drop across a certain height
h= height of the column across which pressure drop is measure
s= voidage in fluidized state
A= cross-sectional area of the fluidize column
ps= Specific gravity of solid particles

-15-
pf= Specific gravity of fluid used g= acceleration due to gravity.
7. An improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the
efficiency and output quality of iron-ore benification process as
substantially described and illustrated herein with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
8. A method of testing materials in an improved float-sink apparatus,
the material being separated adapting an iron-ore benification
processe, as substantially described and illustrated herein with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
9. This float-sink apparatus finds its use in chromite ore beneficiation.
10. This float-Sink apparatus also finds its use in beneficiation of
Ilmenite, Monazite, Zircon, Garnet and Sillimanite beneficiation.


According to the invention there is provided an improved float-sink apparatus adaptable to evaluate the efficiency and output quality of iron-ore benification process, comprising a fluidization column receiving water via a homogeneous chamber from a water tank by means of an electrically operated pump.The water flow-rate to the fluidization column is monitored and controlled by a rotameter, and a bypass line provided with a plurality of valves.A plurality of pressure transducers operably disposed at different levels across the length of the fluidization coloumn. The transducers are connected to a data acquisition device to measure pressure at the plurality of levels. A plurality of sample tapping points including a corresponding number of sample tapping lines is provided at the plurality of levels across the fluidization coloumn. The number of the pressure transducers and the sample tapping points as identical. The sample tapping lines each is provided with an electronically operated valve , and one funnel with a top screen. The separated particles are manually collected from the screens out of the slurry discharged by the sample tapping lines .

Documents:

00307-kol-2007-correspondence-1.1.pdf

00307-kol-2007-correspondence-1.2.pdf

00307-kol-2007-form-1-1.1.pdf

00307-kol-2007-form-18.pdf

0307-kol-2007 abstract.pdf

0307-kol-2007 assignment.pdf

0307-kol-2007 claims.pdf

0307-kol-2007 correspondence others.pdf

0307-kol-2007 description(complete).pdf

0307-kol-2007 drawings.pdf

0307-kol-2007 form1.pdf

0307-kol-2007 form2.pdf

0307-kol-2007 form3.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(03-04-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(03-04-2012)-AMANDED CLAIMS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(03-04-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-AMANDED CLAIMS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-DRAWINGS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECIEVED.PDF

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-FORM 1.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-FORM 2.pdf

307-KOL-2007-(16-01-2012)-OTHERS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-CORRESPONDENCE 1.1.pdf

307-KOL-2007-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

307-KOL-2007-EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

307-KOL-2007-FORM 18.pdf

307-KOL-2007-FORM 3.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GPA.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-CLAIMS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-DRAWINGS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-FORM 1.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-FORM 2.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-LETTER PATENT.pdf

307-KOL-2007-GRANTED-SPECIFICATION.pdf

307-KOL-2007-OTHERS.pdf

307-KOL-2007-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf


Patent Number 252774
Indian Patent Application Number 307/KOL/2007
PG Journal Number 22/2012
Publication Date 01-Jun-2012
Grant Date 30-May-2012
Date of Filing 01-Mar-2007
Name of Patentee TATA STEEL LIMITED
Applicant Address JAMSHEDPUR 831001, INDIA AN INDIAN COMPANY
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 MR. ASIM KUMAR MUKHERJEE R&D DIVISION, TATA STEEL LIMITED, JAMSHEDPUR 831001 INDIA,
PCT International Classification Number B03B5/28,13/00
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA