Title of Invention

A BIODIGESTER FOR DEGRADATION OF HUMAN WASTE AT HIGH ALTITUTE

Abstract This invention relates to a biodiester for degradation of human waste at high altitude comprising of a cylindrical main tank, a dome shaped cover at the top end; said main tank divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a metallic partitioning wall; said partition wall in the tank keeps the treated and untreated waste separated; the first chamber having an inlet pipe, said inlet pipe extending outside of said cylindrical tank; the said second chamber having an outlet pipe extending outside the tank; said dome of fitted with a gas pipe having a gas valve and nozzle fitted therewith.
Full Text FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a biodigester for degradation of human waste at high altitude where the temperature in winters is very low.
PRIOR ART
Biological treatment of organic wastes is an old and well established technology. Both aerobic and anaerobic processes are being used for treatment of sewage.
Anaerobic fermentation of organic waste is a well-known process carried out by different groups of bacteria. This process is carried out in specially designed vessel or chamber generally known as biodigester. A number of biodigesters have been developed and described in the art for the biodegradation of various types of organic wastes like sheep/goal wastes, cow dung, human wastes etc.
Traditional biogas plants like Khadi and Village Industrial corporation (KVIC). Deenbandhu, Janatha type etc., utilizing various processes like activated sludge process, up-flow fixed film process and fluidized bed reactor process, for the purpose of biodegradation of human and animal wastes have been described in the art. These are specifically manufactured for the production of biogas.
One of the major disadvantage of these known biodigesters is that they operate at mesophilic temperatures only and biodegradation process becomes ineffective at Another disadvantage is that the bacteria present in human waste are adapted to ambient temperatures or above, activity of these bacteria capable of biodegradation decreases exponentially with decrease in temperature.
Yet another disadvantage of the biodigester described in the art is that it requires heating of the slurry for proper biodegradation.
Still another disadvantage is that during cold climatic conditions, these biodigesters fail to function or its efficiency is drastically reduced due to souring ie fall in pH (increase in acidity) and accumulation of volatile fatty acids.


Further disadvantage is that the acidity developed within the biodigester leads to corrosion and other physico-chemical changes thus leading to leakage of contents including inflammable biogas thereby polluting the atmosphere and neighboring areas.
Yet another disadvantage is that the size and structure of the biodigester limits its transportation to nigh attitudes.
Another disadvantage is that the population at high altitude locations is scattered which limits the size of the biodigester.
Further disadvantage is the non-availability of conventional energy source for heating of the slurry and treatment process like agitation and circulation.
Yet another disadvantage is that the biodigesters described in the art does not have partition tables to separate treated and untreated slurry.
OBJECTS OF PRESENT INVENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester capable of anaerobically biodegrading human waste at high altitude areas.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester capable of anaerobically biodegrading human waste at high altitude areas which is easy to use and maintain and is cost effective.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a biodigesfer which is sustainable in various different environment.

Further object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester which is an eco-friendly treatment system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester for the degradation of human waste, that does not require external source of energy for the continued degradation process.
Yet another object of the present Investigation is to provide a biodigester which can degrade i 90% solid human waste.
Yet another object of the present investigation is to provide a biodigester which can convert the human waste into odorless and inflammable biogas.
Further object of the present investigation is to provide a biodigester where the untreated waste is separated from the treated waste, avoiding the pollution of the surrounding areas.
The other object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester where the effluent from the biodigester has less than 10% inert waste material.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a biodigester which inactivates the pathogenic bacteria during fermentation process.
ABSTRACT OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a biodigester for continuous degradation of human wastes by anaerobic bacteria in high altitude areas. The biodigester of the present invention is a cylindrical structure of mild steel comprising of a dome shaped top, working chamber fitted with a partition, an inlet and an out let pipe, a

gas pipe fitted with an operation valve and a gas nozzle for release of biogas generated at the site. The inlet pipe is directly connected to the toilet's commode and the out let pipe is connected to the soak pit. The partition plate fitted in the working chamber prevents mixing of treated and untreated waste. The dome shaped top of the biodigester provides maximum space for biogas as well as working space for the treatment. The diodigester is coated with enamel paint after shot blasting and coating of lead oxide. The shot blasting followed by enamel paint provides minimum corrosion of the biodigester thus increases the life of biodigesters.
For the human waste degradation, the bacterial consortium is inoculated into the biodigester chamber which has complete anaerobic condition (devoid of oxygen), which is the ideal environment for the functioning of the bacteria.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF INENTION
According to this invention there is provided a biodiester for degradation of human waste at high altitude comprising of a cylindrical main tank (1), a dome shaped cover (2) at the top end; said main tank (1) divided into a first chamber (9) and a second chamber (10) by a metallic partitioning wall (5); said partition wall (5) in the tank (1) keeps the treated and untreated waste separated; the first chamber (9) having an inlet pipe (3), said inlet pipe (3) extending outside of said cylindrical tank (1); the said second chamber (10) having an outlet pipe (4) extending outside the tank (1); said dome (2) of (1) fitted with a gas pipe (6) having a gas valve (7) and nozzle (8) fitted therewith.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention now is being illustrated with the help of accompanying drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of the present invention. It is to be


noted that the principles and features of the invention may be incorporated in different embodiments without departing from the scope of present invention.
Figure 1- shows the overall view of biodigester Figure 2- shows the cross section view of biodigester Figure 3- shows the isometric view of biodigester
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION WITH RESPECT TO DRAWINGS:
Referring to figure (1),(2) and (3) the biodigester of the present invention comprises of a cylindrical main tank (1) made up of mild steel with working volume of 2 -2.5M3. The main tank (1) has a diameter of 1.5 to 1.7M and height of 1.8 - 2.0M. The main tank (1) is divided in to two chambers (9) and (10) with a 4 - 5mm thick and 1 - 1.1 M high partition of mild steel (5). The partition (5) covers the whole diameter of main tank (1) leaving 6-12 cm gap at the bottom. The inlet pipe (3) and outlet pipe (4) made up of mild steel and having a diameter of 7 - 8 cm, are fixed in the chambers (9) and (10) respectively, of (he main tank (1) at a height of 1-1.2 M and are placed exactly opposite each other. The inlet (3) and outlet (4) pipes are fitted in such a manner that they project inside the main tank (1) to a depth of approximately 50 -60 cm and are at a distance of 0.25 - 0.3 M from the partition (5). Dome (2) having a height of 0.2 - 0.3M at the center, is fixed on the top of the main tank (1). One gas pipe (6) having a diameter of 1-1.3 cm and a height of 1.2 - 1.5 M is fixed at the top of the dome (2). The gas pipe (6) is fitted in dome (2) in such a manner that at least 2 - 3 cm of gas pipe (6) is projecting inside the dome (2). The gas pipe (6) is fitted with a gas valve (7) and a nozzle (8).
All the joints of the biodigester are leak proof as the whole assembly can withstand this test at 5 psi. The biodigester is coated with 2 layers of enamel paint after shot blasting and one coating of lead oxide.

It is to be understood that the present invention is susceptible to modifications, changes and adaptations by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, changes, adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the present invention which is further set forth under the following claims:-






WE CLAIM:
1. A biodiester for degradation of human waste at high altitude
comprising of a cylindrical main tank (1), a dome shaped cover (2)
at the top end; said main tank (1) divided into a first chamber (9)
and a second chamber (10) by a metallic partitioning wall (5); said
partition wall (5) in the tank (1) keeps the treated and untreated
waste separated;
the first chamber (9) having an inlet pipe (3), said inlet pipe (3) extending outside of said cylindrical tank (1);
the said second chamber (10) having an outlet pipe (4) extending outside the tank (1);
said dome (2) of (1) fitted with a gas pipe (6) having a gas valve (7) and nozzle (8) fitted therewith.
2. A biodigester for degradation of human waste at high altitude as claimed in claim 1 wherein said gas pipe (6) with needle valve (7) and nozzle (8) is used for collection of biogas.
3. A biodiester for degradation of human waste at high altitude substantially as described and illustrated herein.

Documents:

1405-DEL-2004-Abstract-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-del-2004-abstract.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Claims-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-del-2004-claims.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Correspondence-Others (09-02-2010).pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Correspondence-Others-(11-03-2010).pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Correspondence-Others-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Correspondence-Others.pdf

1405-del-2004-correspondence-po.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Description (Complete)-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-del-2004-description(complete).pdf

1405-del-2004-drawings.pdf

1405-del-2004-form-1.pdf

1405-del-2004-form-18.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Form-2-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-del-2004-form-2.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-Form-3-(31-03-2009).pdf

1405-del-2004-form-3.pdf

1405-DEL-2004-GPA-(09-02-2010).pdf

abstract 1.jpg

abstract.jpg


Patent Number 246343
Indian Patent Application Number 1405/DEL/2004
PG Journal Number 09/2011
Publication Date 04-Mar-2011
Grant Date 24-Feb-2011
Date of Filing 28-Jul-2004
Name of Patentee DIRECTOR GENERAL,DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION
Applicant Address DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION MINISTRY OF DEFENCE, GOVT OF INDIA WEST BLOCK-VIII, WING-1 SECTOR-1, RK PURAM NEW DELHI-110066.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 LOKENDRA SINGH DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT, GWALIOR,
2 MUKESH KUMAR AGARWAL DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT, GWALIOR,
3 SYED IMTEYAZ ALAM DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT, GWALIOR,
4 KRISHNAMURTY SEKHAR DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHMENT, GWALIOR,
PCT International Classification Number C02F 3/28
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA