Indian Patents. 245502:"CARBAMOYL SUBSTITUTED COMPOUNDS USEFUL FORαLß2 INHIBITION OF INTEGRIN MEDIATED CELL ADHESION"

Title of Invention	"CARBAMOYL SUBSTITUTED COMPOUNDS USEFUL FORαLß2 INHIBITION OF INTEGRIN MEDIATED CELL ADHESION"
Abstract	The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), useful for the inhibition of αLß2 integrin mediated cell adhesion wherein R is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group or carbamoyl group, and n is 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Full Text	Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compound of the formula (I): (Formula Removed) The present invention relates to novel compounds that are potent inhibitors of αLß2 integrin mediated cell adhesion which could be useful for the treatment of αLß2 integrin mediated inflammatory conditions. Description of Related Art Leukocyte integrins and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) play pivotal roles in leukocyte adhesion to target cells and extracellular matrices. The ß2 (CD18) integrin subfamily has four members, each consisting of a related but distinct α-chain noncovalently paired with CD18: αLß2 integrin (LFA-1, CDlla/CD18) , αMß2 integrin (Mac-1, CDllb/CD18) ,αXß2 integrin (pl50/95, CDllc/CD18) , and αDß2 integrin (CDlld/CD18) (Bochner ed., Adhesion Molecules in Allergic Disease, Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp 1-24 (1997)). Among them, LFA-1 has been shown to be central to the cell adhesion and transendothelial migration of T cells, eosinophils, and other leukocytes into inflamed tissues (Garmberg, Curr. Opin. Cell Biology, 9, 643-650 (1997); Panes et al., Br. J. Pharmacology, 126, 537-550 (1999)). LFA-1 binds to the ICAM family (ICAM-1, -2, -3, -4, -5) of molecules expressed on multiple cell types such as vascular endothelial cells, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, macrophage and T lymphoblasts (Dustin et al., J. Immunology, 137, 245-254 (1986)). In addition, LFA-l/ICAM-1 and LFA-1/ICAM-3 interactions can act as co-stimulatory signals required for T cell activation (Wingren et al., Crit. Rev. in Immunology, 15, 235-253 (1995)). Cell migration and T cell co-activation are important processes in a number of inflammatory disease states. A dominant role of LFA-1 in mediating inflammatory events is shown in several different animal models of inflammatory diseases in which antibodies to LFA-1 or ICAM-1 significantly inhibit development of therapeutic end points (Rothlein et al., Kidney International, 41, 617 (1992); Iigo et al., J. Immunology, 147, 4167 (1991); Bennet et al., J. Pharmacol, and Exp. Therapeutics, 280, 988 (1997)). In addition, a humanized monoclonal antibody to CDlla (the alpha chain of LFA-1) has shown efficacy in patients with psoriasis (Gottlieb et al., J. Am. Acad. Dermatology, 42, 428-35 (2000)). Moreover, it has been shown that antibodies against LFA-1 suppress rejection after organ transplantation (Poston et al., Transplantation 69, 2005-2013 (2000); Nakakura et al. Transplantation 62, 547-552 (1996)). WO 94/04188 discloses the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against αLß2 integrin for all transplantations. STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I): (Formula Removed) wherein R is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, or carbamoyl group, and n is 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Detailed Description of the Invention The desired compounds of the present invention may exist in the form of optical isomers based on asymmetric atoms thereof, and the present invention also includes these optical isomers and mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the present invention, the steric configuration of a bond need not be fixed. The compounds of the present invention may be a compound with a sole configuration or a mixture with several different configurations. In a preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydrogen atom. In another preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydroxyl group. In still another preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is carbamoyl group. In a more preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), n is 1. In another more preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), n is 2. In a further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydrogen atom and n is 1. In another further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydroxyl group and n is 1. In still another further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is carbamoyl group and n is 2. Most preferred compounds of the present invention are selected from the following compounds: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3 , 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-acetylamino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione; (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2- hydroxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione; (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-carbamoylpropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. The characteristic of the present compounds is the combination of the acylamino group at 7-position and the 4-cyanobenzyl group at 5-position of 1,3- diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane nucleus, where such characteristic is not specifically described in prior publications. The compounds of the present invention have potent inhibitory activity against both LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion and LFA-1 mediated T cell co-activation, and also show excellent bioavailability after oral administration which reflects the overall improvement in (a) plasma protein binding, (b) aqueous solubility and (c) lipophilicity. The compounds of the present invention therefore show excellent in vivo efficacy against the unfavorable conditions caused by LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion. In addition, the compounds of the present invention have potent antagonistic activity on substance P receptor, i.e., Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, as well. Substance P receptor antagonists are considered to be useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cystitis, and other gastric disorders (Kraneveld et al., Int. Immunopharmacology, 1, 1629-1650 (2001); Swain et al., Ann. Rep. Med. Chem., 34, 51-60 (1999); Ohnmacht Jr. et al., Ann. Rep. Med. Chem., 33, 71-80 (1998)). Thus the compounds of the present invention has excellent therapeutic potential against the unfavorable conditions caused or mediated by substance P. Also, the compounds of the present invention may show excellent effects on the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases due to the dual activities of LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion inhibition and substance P receptor antagonism. Moreover, the compounds of formula (I) have reduced cytotoxicity and low cytochrome P450 inhibitory activity as compared with those described previously, and therefore, the compounds of the present invention may have reduced side effect potential. The compounds of the present invention may be clinically used either in a free form or in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include an acid-addition salt with an inorganic acid or an organic acid, and a salt with an inorganic base, an organic base or an amino acid. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include an intramolecular salt thereof, or a solvate or hydrate thereof. The compounds of the present invention may be formulated into a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compound as defined above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent may be, for example, binders (e.g., syrup, gum arabic, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, polyvinylpyrrolidone), excipients (e.g., lactose, sucrose, corn starch, potassium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine), lubricants (e.g., magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol, silica) disintegrators (e.g., potato starch), wetting agents (e.g., sodium laurylsulfate), and the like. The desired compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may be administered either orally or parenterally, and it may be used as a suitable pharmaceutical preparation. These pharmaceutical preparations may be in the form of a solid preparation such as a tablet, a granule, a capsule, and a powder, or in the form of a liquid preparation such as solution, suspension, and emulsion, when administered orally. When administered parenterally, the pharmaceutical preparation may be in the form of suppository, an injection preparation or an intravenous drip preparation using distilled water for injection, a physiological salt solution, an aqueous glucose solution, and so on, and an inhalation by a conventional process. The dose of the desired compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof vary depending on an administration method, age, sex, body weight, and condition of a patient, but, in general, the daily dose is preferably about 0.1 tp 100 mg/kg/day, particularly preferably 1 to 100 mg/kg/day. The compounds of the present invention can be used for treating or preventing LFA-1 mediated conditions in a patient, for example, a human patient. The compounds of the present invention can be also used for the treatment of a patient suffering from or susceptible to LFA-1 mediated conditions. Examples of LFA-1 mediated conditions include inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and allergic diseases. The compounds of the present invention can also be used for the treatment or prevention of conditions caused or mediated by substance P in a patient, as well as for the treatment of a patient suffering from or susceptible to such conditions. Examples of the conditions may be inflammatory diseases. The compounds of the present invention may be used for treatment or prevention of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergy conditions, adult respiratory distress syndrome, AIDS, cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, harmful platelet aggregation, reocclusion following thrombolysis, reperfusion injury, skin inflammatory diseases (e.g., psoriasis, eczema, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis), osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis including transplantation-associated arteriosclerosis, neoplastic diseases including metastasis of neoplastic or cancerous growth, wound, detaching retina, Type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ophthalmic inflammatory conditions, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), cystitis, gastric disorder, regional enteritis, Sjogren's Syndrome, and other autoimmune diseases. The compounds of the present invention may also be used for the rejection (i.e., chronic rejection and acute rejection) after organ transplantation, including allograft rejection (host vs. graft disease) and graft vs. host disease. The compounds of the present invention may be preferably used for treatment or prevention of psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, Sjogren's syndrome, and rejection after organ transplantation (allograft rejection and graft vs. host disease). The compounds of the present invention may be further preferably used for treatment or prevention of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and rejection after organ transplantation. The compounds of the present invention may also be further preferably used for treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases such as asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, cystitis and other gastric disorders. According to the present invention, the desired compounds (I) can be prepared in accordance with one of the following methods -. Method A: Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-a): (Formula Removed) wherein n is the same as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing a compound of formula (II): (Formula Removed) or a salt thereof, with a compound of formula (Ill-a): H- (CH2)n-COOH (Ill-a) wherein n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a reactive derivative thereof, followed by converting the resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if desired. The salt of compounds (II) and (Ill-a) may be, for example, a salt with an inorganic or organic acid (e.g., trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride, sulfate), or a salt with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt or a potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt such as a barium salt or calcium salt). The condensation reaction of the compound (II) or a salt thereof with the compound (Ill-a) or a salt thereof can be carried out in the presence of a condensing reagent, with or without a base in a suitable solvent. The condensing reagent can be selected from conventional condensing reagents which can be used for a peptide synthesis, for example, B0P-C1, BOP reagent, DCC, EDC or CDI. The condensing reagent can be preferably used with an activator (e.g., HOBT). The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., DIEA, Et3N) , a cyclic amine (e.g., DBU, DBN, 4-methyltnorpholine) , and pyridines (e.g., pyridine, DMAP), and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) , an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHC03) , an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., NaOH, KOH), and the like. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, DME, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), CH3CN, DMSO, and H20, and a mixture of these solvents. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -50°C to 50°C, preferably from 0°C to room temperature. The condensation reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with the reactive derivative of compound (Ill-a) is carried out in the presence or absence of a base in a suitable solvent or without solvent. . Examples of the reactive derivative of the compound (III-a) are an acid halide (e.g., an acid chloride), a reactive ester (e.g., an ester with p-nitrophenol), an anhydride thereof, a mixed anhydride with other carboxylic acid (e.g., a mixed anhydride with isobutyric acid), and the like. The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., DIEA, Et3N) , a cyclic amine (e.g., DBU, DBN, 4-methylmorpholine), and pyridines (e.g., pyridine, DMAP), and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) , an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHC03) , an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., NaOH, KOH), and the like. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), CH3CN, DMSO, and H20, and a mixture of these solvents. The condensation reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -30 °C to room temperature. Method B: Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-b): (Formula Removed) wherein n is the same as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing compound (II) or a salt thereof with a compound of formula (III-b): RxO- (CH2)n-COOH (Ill-b) wherein R10 is a protected or unprotected hydroxyl group, and n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a reactive derivative thereof, followed by removing the protecting group, and further converting the resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if necessary. The salt of compound (III-b) may be, for example, a salt with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt and a potassium salt, and an alkaline earth metal salt such as a barium salt and a calcium salt). The protecting group for the hydroxyl group can be selected from conventional protecting groups for a hydroxyl group which can be easily removed by a conventional method. Examples of such protecting groups include a trialkylsilyl group (e.g., trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, and t-butyldimethylsilyl group), a benzyl group, a methyl group and a tetrahydropyranyl group. The condensation reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with compound (III-b) wherein R1O is a protected hydroxyl group, a salt thereof or a reactive derivative thereof can be carried out in a similar procedure as described in Method A. The removal of the protecting group can be carried out by a usual method which is selected according to the protecting group to be removed, for example, hydrolysis, acid treatment, BBr3 treatment, and catalytic reduction. The hydrolysis can be carried out by using an inorganic base such as an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., LiOH, NaOH, and KOH) in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, and THF), alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH), CH3CN, DMSO, H20, and the like at room temperature or with heating. The acid treatment can be carried out by using an inorganic acid or an organic acid such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, THF), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) , CH3CN, DMSO, H20, and the like at room temperature or with heating. The catalytic reduction can be carried out by using a catalyst such as palladium on activated carbon and Raney-nickel under a hydrogen atmosphere at room temperature or with heating in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, THF), esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH), CH3CN, AcOH, H20, and the like. The treatment with BBr3 for the demethylation can be carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF, CH2C12, AcOH) at a temperature of -78 °C to 50 °C. In case that compound (Ill-b) wherein R1O is a hydroxyl group is used for the condensation reaction, the hydroxyl group of compound (Ill-b) should be protected in situ prior to the condensation reaction. The protection of the hydroxyl group can be carried out by reacting compound (Ill-b) with a trialkylsilyl halide in a suitable solvent with the presence of a base. Examples of the trialkylsilyl halide include trimethylsilyl chloride, triethylsilyl chloride, and t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride. The base can be selected from conventional bases which are used for the hydroxyl group protection, for example, triethylamine, imidazole, and pyridine. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, DME, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone) , CH3CN, DMSO, and a mixture of these solvents. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -50°C to 50°C, preferably from 0°C to room temperature. The protected compound can be isolated in a usual procedure, if necessary. Method C: Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-c): (Formula Removed) wherein n is the same as defined above, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing compound (II) with a compound of formula (III-c) : H2NC(=0) -(CH2)n-COOH (III-c) wherein n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a reactive derivative thereof, followed by converting the resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if desired. The salt of compounds (III-c) may be, for example, a salt with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt or a potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt such as a barium salt or a calcium salt). The reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with compound (III-c) or a salt thereof can be carried out in a similar method as described in Method A. The starting compound of formula (II) can be prepared in accordance with the description of WO 01/30781 or the following scheme: Scheme 1. (Scheme Removed) (In the above scheme, X is a C1-€ alkyl group or a benzyl group, and tBDMSO is tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy group.) Step (a): Compound (IV) can be prepared by reacting 4-hydroxyproline C1-€ alkyl or benzyl ester with 3,5-dichlorophenylisocyanate in the presence of a base in a suitable, solvent. The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., Et3N, DIEA) and pyridine, and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal hydrocarbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHCO3) and an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) . The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, CH2C12, DME, THF, DMF, HMPA or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature. Step (b): Compound (V) can be prepared by protecting the hydroxyl group of compound (IV). The protection can be carried out by a usual manner, for example, by reacting compound (IV) with tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride in the presence of imidazole in a suitable solvent such as CH3CN. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to boiling point of the solvent, preferably at room temperature. Step (c): Compound (VI) can be prepared by cyclizing compound (V). The cyclization can be carried out in the presence or absence of a base in a suitable solvent. The base can be selected from conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal alkoxide (e.g., NaOEt, NaOMe), an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., K2C03, Na2C03) and an alkali metal hydrocarbonate (e.g., NaHC03) , and conventional organic bases such as pyridine, DMAP, Et3N, and DIEA. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the cyclization reaction, for example, toluene, DME, CH2C12, THF, CH3CN, DMF, alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) or a mixture thereof. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to boiling point of the solvent, preferably at 50 °C to 100 °C. Step (d): Compound (VII) can be prepared by condensing compound (VI) with a compound of formula (XI): (Formula Removed) wherein Y is a leaving group. The leaving group may be selected from a halogen atom (e.g., a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom), p-toluenesulfonyloxy group, and methanesulfonyloxy group. The condensation reaction can be carried out in the presence of a base in a suitable solvent. The base can be selected from conventional bases such as an alkali metal amide (e.g., LDA, KHMDS with or without LiCl). The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, diethyl ether, DME, THF, DMF, HMPA or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature. Step (e): Compound (VIII) can be prepared by deprotecting compound (VII). The deprotection can be carried out by a usual method, for example, treating the compound with HF/pyridine, n-Bu4NF, or an acid (e.g., HC1, AcOH, TFA, p-TsOH) in a suitable solvent or without a solvent. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, CH3CN, THF, DMF alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature. Step (f) : Compound (IX) can be prepared by reacting compound (VIII) with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a base in a suitable solvent. The base can be selected from conventional bases such as Et3N, DIEA, pyridine, NaHC03, KHC03, Na2C03, K2C03, and KHC03. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, CH2C12, THF, DMF, CH3CN, toluene. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -20 °C to 50 °C. Step (g): Compound (X) can be prepared by reacting compound (IX) with an alkali metal azide (e.g., NaN3) . The substitution reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to 100 °C in an organic solvent. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, CH2C12, THF, DMF, CH3CN, and toluene. Step (h) : Compound (II) can be prepared by reducing compound (X) . The reduction can be carried out under catalytic hydrogenation conditions, for example, in the presence of a Pd or Pt catalyst (e.g., Pd-C, PtO2) in a suitable solvent under a H2 atmosphere at room temperature. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, EtOAc, MeOH, and EtOH. In the present description and the claims, the C1-6 alkyl group means a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, etc., preferably one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Abbreviat ions AcOEt: Ethyl acetate (=EtOAc) AcOH: Acetic acid B0P-C1: Bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride BOP reagent:' Benzotriazol-1-yloxy- tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate BSA: Bovine serum albumin CDI: Carbonyldiimidazole DBN: 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene DBU: 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene DCC: 1,3 -Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide DIEA: Diisopropyl ethyl amine DMAP: 4-Dimethylaminopyridine DME: Dimethoxyethane DMF: Dimethyl formamide DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide EDC: 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride Et: Ethyl EtOH: Ethanol HBSS: Hank's balanced salt solution HMPA: Hexaraethylphosphoramide HOBT: 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate HSA: Human serum albumin KHMDS: Potassium hexamethyldisilazide (=Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide) LDA: Lithium diisopropylamide Me: Methyl MeOH: Methanol n-Bu: n-Butyl tBDMS: tert-Butyldimethylsilyl THF: Tetrahydrofuran TFA: Trifluoroacetic acid p-TsOH: p-toluenesulfonic acid Examples The compounds of the present invention are exemplified by the following examples but not limited thereby. Example 1. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7 -acetylamino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione To a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (78.5 mg) in THF (5 mL) was added acetic anhydride (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at 45 °C, and the mixture was concentrated and purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography (silica gel; CH2C12) to afford the titled compound (84 mg) . MS (m/z) 478.8 (MNa+) . Example 2. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyi)-7- [ (3-carbamoylpropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione A mixture of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (82.7 mg), succinamic acid (45.86 mg), EDC (93.12 mg), HOBT (61.24 mg) and DIEA (104.79 µL) in THF (5 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Beckman 5µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%) /0.1% TFA) to give 72 mg of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 53 6 (MNa+) . Example 3. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7- [ (2-carbamoylacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione A mixture of (5S, 13)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (200 mg), malonamic acid (59.5 mg), EDC (112 mg), HOBT (97.5 mg) and DIEA (168 µL) in THF (5 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was evaporated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 212 mg of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 500 (MH+) . Example 4. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[ (3-hydroxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione Step 1: A mixture of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo [3.3.0]octane-2,4- dione (0.300 g) , 3-methoxypropionic acid (0.209 µL) , EDC (0.224 g) , HOBT (0.221 g) and DIEA (0.38 µL) in THF (15 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was evaporated. The residue was purified by HPLC [Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH] to give a foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.259 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-methoxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo [3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 501 (MH+) . Step 2: BBr3 (3 mL, 1M in CH2C12) was added to a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-methoxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (0.16 g) in CH2C1 (15 mL) at -78 °C and the mixture was stirred for 8 hours at -78 °C. The mixture was evaporated, and the residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 \|i C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH) to give foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.119 g of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 4 87 (MH+) . Example 5. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-hydroxyacetyl) amino]-1, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4- dione Step 1: To a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diasabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (15 0 mg) and DIEA (189 µL) in THF (4 mL) was added a solution of benzyloxyacetyl chloride (57 µL) in THF (2 mL) and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was taken up in EtOAc. The resulting solution was washed with brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH) to give a foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.135 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-benzyloxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 563.4 [MH+] . Step 2: Hydrogen was bubbled through a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-benzyloxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 1 (0.125 g) in EtOH (10 mL) containing Pd/C (5%, 15 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The mixture was recharged with additional 5% Pd/G (10 mg) and stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through a bed of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% TFA) to give 0.023 g of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 473 [MH+] and 495 [MNa+] . Reference Example 1: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione The titled compound was prepared in accordance with the following scheme: Scheme 2 (Scheme Removed) (In the above scheme, tBDMSO is tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy group, and MsO is methanesulonyloxy group.) Step-1: p-Toluene sulfonic acid (50.6 g) was added to a suspension of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline (25.25 g) in a mixture of benzyl alcohol (100 mL) and benzene (250 mL) and the mixture was heated under a Dean Stark trap for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated and diethyl ether was added to precipitate the solid. The solid was filtered, washed with additional diethyl ether and dried to yield 75 g of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester. Step-2: To a suspension of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester p-toluene sulfonic acid salt from step 1 (40.43 g) in THF (500 mL) and DIEA (51.3 mL) was added 3,5-dichlorophenylisocyanate (22.1 g) . After stirring overnight, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with 0.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated in EtOAc/hexane (1:1) and the white solid was filtered and purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 2:1) to yield (2S, 4R) -2- [ (3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-hydroxyproline benzyl ester (33.07 g) . Step-3: To a suspension of (2S, 4R)-2-[(3,5- dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-hydroxyproline benzyl ester (33.07 g) in CH3CN (800 mL) was added imidazole (11 g) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (13.64 g) . After stirring for 48 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with 0.5 N HC1, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 2:1) to give (2S, 4R)-2- [ (3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)proline benzyl ester (44.45 g). Step-4: To a solution of the (2S, 4R)-2-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-(tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)proline benzyl ester (23.49 g) in CH3CN (500 mL) was added DIEA (34.44 mL) and the mixture was heated to reflux. After refluxing for 24 hours the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane to hexane/EtOAc 1:1) to separate the two diastereomers of 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy) -1, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. Diastereomer A: 7.46 g, MS: m/z 415 (M+); and Diastereomer B: 10.66 g, MS: m/z 415 (M+) . Step-5: The compound from step 4, diastereomer A or B, (12.73 g) was benzylated as follows. n-Butyl lithium (30 mL, 1.6 M in hexane) was added with stirring to a solution of di- isopropylamine (6.5 mL) in THF (100 mL) at -78 °C under a N2 atmosphere. The mixture was maintained at that temperature for additional 30 minutes. The mixture was added via cannula to a solution of 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (12.73 g) in dry THF (100 mL) at -78 °C under a N2 atmosphere. After stirring at -7 8 °C for 3 0 minutes, 4-cyano-a-bromotoluene (9.08 g) in THF (100 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 2.5 hours, then slowly warmed up to room temperature and allowed to stand at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was dissolved in EtOAc. The EtOAc solution was washed with 0.5 N HC1, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 24:1 to 3:1) to give (5S, 7R)- and (5R, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. (5S, 7R) isomer: 7.6 g, MS: m/z 530 (M+) ; and (5R, 7R) isomer: 1.8 g, MS: m/z 530 (M+) Step-6: To a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (1.0 g) in THF (1 mL) was added 70% HF/pyridine (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours and then evaporated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; MeOH/CH2Cl2 2-7%) to give (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (0.52 g). MS (m/z) 416 [MH+] . Step 7: To a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 6 (0.52 g) in CH2C12 (8 mL) at 0 °C was added DIEA (0.45 mL) followed by methanesulfonyl chloride (0.15 mL) and the mixture stirred for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 and the resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution followed by brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated to give 0.76 g of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-methanesulfonyloxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. This compound was used as is for the next step. MS (m/z) 501 [MH+] . Step 8: NaN3 was added to a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-methanesulfonyloxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 7 (0.7G g) in DMF (5 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic solution was washed with brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; CH2C12) to give 0.46 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-azido-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 441 [MH+] . Step 9: Hydrogen was bubbled through a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-azido-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 8 (0.42 g) in EtOH (15 mL) containing Pd/C (5%, 15 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through a bed of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% TFA)to give 0.21 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 415 [MH+] . Reference Example 2: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amlno-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione Step 1: 3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert- butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione was prepared by following similar procedures as described in Reference Example 1, steps 1 through 4, but replacing L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester p-toluene sulfonic acid salt with L-4-trans-hydroxyproline methyl ester hydrochloride. Step 2: 3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 1 was treated in similar procedures as described in Reference Example 1, steps 5 through 9 to afford the titled compound. Cell Adhesion Protocol Cell Adhesion The recombinant protein ICAM-l•Fc was constructed from the 5 extracellular domains of human ICAM-1 and fusion with the constant region of human IgG. ICAM-l•Fc was purified by Protein A affinity chromatography and stored in aliquots at -20°C, Immobilized ICAM-l•Fc was prepared by dilution of the protein in PBS pH 7.5, transfer of 100 µl/well to Falcon Probind III plates and overnight incubation at 4°C. Wells coated with BSA served as a measure of non-specific background adhesion. Washed plates were blocked with a solution of 0.25% ovalbumin in PBS for 1 h at 37°C. HBSS washed Jurkat cells were suspended to a final concentration of 2.5xl0s/ml in TBSg adhesion buffer (24 mM Tris pH 7.4, 0.14 M NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 2 mM glucose, 0.1% HSA) . A 100 µl volume of cells was added to the blocked and washed ICAM-1•Fc coated plates that contained 100 µ1 of plate buffer (TBSg, 10 mM MgCl2, 2% DMSO). Adhesion was for 1 h at 37°C. Non-adherent cells were removed using the EL404 plate washer (BioTek. Instruments; Highland Park, VT). The number of adherent cells was quantified by measuring enzymatic activity of endogenous N-acetyl-hexosaminidase using the enzyme substrate p- nitrophenol-N-acetyl-ß-D-glucoseaminide, pNAG. The amount of liberated p-nitrophenol was measured by reading the optical density at 405 nm using a vertical pathway spectrophotometer to quantify cell attachment (VMAX Kinetic Microplate Reader, Molecular Devices, Menlo Park, CA) . For competition studies the compounds from 100% DMSO stock solutions were diluted in plate buffer at 2-fold the required testing concentration prior to transfer to the ICAM-1-Fc coated plate and serial dilution. WE CLAIM: 1. A carbaomyl substituted compound of the formula (I), useful for αLß2 (Formula Removed) inhibition of integrin mediated cell adhesion, wherein R is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group or carbamoyl group, and n is 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The compound or salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the following compounds: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-acetylamino-l, 3- diazabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-2, 4-dione, (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichloropheny l)-7- [(2-hydroxy acetyl) amino]-l, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2, 4-dione, (5S, 7S)- 5 -(4-Cyanobenzyl)- 3 -(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)- 7 -[(3-carbamoylpropionul)amino-l, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2, 4-dione. 3. A compound of the formula substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples.

Full Text

Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a compound of the
formula (I):
(Formula Removed)
The present invention relates to novel compounds that are potent inhibitors of αLß2 integrin mediated cell adhesion which could be useful for the treatment of αLß2 integrin mediated inflammatory conditions.
Description of Related Art
Leukocyte integrins and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) play pivotal roles in leukocyte adhesion to target cells and extracellular matrices. The ß2 (CD18) integrin subfamily has four members, each consisting of a related but distinct α-chain noncovalently paired with CD18: αLß2 integrin (LFA-1, CDlla/CD18) , αMß2 integrin (Mac-1, CDllb/CD18) ,αXß2 integrin (pl50/95, CDllc/CD18) , and αDß2 integrin (CDlld/CD18) (Bochner ed., Adhesion Molecules in Allergic Disease, Marcel Dekker, Inc. pp 1-24 (1997)). Among them, LFA-1 has been shown to be central to the cell adhesion and transendothelial migration of T cells, eosinophils, and other leukocytes into inflamed tissues (Garmberg, Curr. Opin. Cell Biology, 9, 643-650 (1997); Panes et al., Br. J. Pharmacology, 126, 537-550 (1999)). LFA-1 binds to the ICAM family (ICAM-1, -2, -3, -4, -5) of molecules expressed on multiple cell types such as vascular endothelial cells, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, macrophage and T lymphoblasts (Dustin et al., J. Immunology, 137, 245-254 (1986)). In addition, LFA-l/ICAM-1 and LFA-1/ICAM-3 interactions can act as co-stimulatory signals required for T cell activation (Wingren et al., Crit. Rev. in Immunology, 15, 235-253 (1995)).

Cell migration and T cell co-activation are important processes in a number of inflammatory disease states. A dominant role of LFA-1 in mediating inflammatory events is shown in several different animal models of inflammatory diseases in which antibodies to LFA-1 or ICAM-1 significantly inhibit development of therapeutic end points (Rothlein et al., Kidney International, 41, 617 (1992); Iigo et al., J. Immunology, 147, 4167 (1991); Bennet et al., J. Pharmacol, and Exp. Therapeutics, 280, 988 (1997)). In addition, a humanized monoclonal antibody to CDlla (the alpha chain of LFA-1) has shown efficacy in patients with psoriasis (Gottlieb et al., J. Am. Acad. Dermatology, 42, 428-35 (2000)).
Moreover, it has been shown that antibodies against LFA-1 suppress rejection after organ transplantation (Poston et al., Transplantation 69, 2005-2013 (2000); Nakakura et al. Transplantation 62, 547-552 (1996)). WO 94/04188 discloses the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against αLß2 integrin for all transplantations.
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel compounds of formula (I):
(Formula Removed)
wherein R is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, or carbamoyl group, and n is 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The desired compounds of the present invention may exist in the form of optical isomers based on asymmetric atoms thereof, and the present invention also includes these optical isomers and mixtures thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the steric configuration of a bond need not be fixed. The compounds of the present invention may be a compound with a sole configuration or a mixture with several different configurations.
In a preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydrogen atom.
In another preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydroxyl group.
In still another preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is carbamoyl group.
In a more preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), n is 1.
In another more preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), n is 2.
In a further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydrogen atom and n is 1.
In another further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is hydroxyl group and n is 1.
In still another further preferred embodiment of the compounds of formula (I), R is carbamoyl group and n is 2. Most preferred compounds of the present invention are selected from the following compounds: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3 , 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-acetylamino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione; (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-
hydroxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione; (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-carbamoylpropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione.

The characteristic of the present compounds is the combination of the acylamino group at 7-position and the 4-cyanobenzyl group at 5-position of 1,3-
diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane nucleus, where such characteristic is not specifically described in prior publications.
The compounds of the present invention have potent inhibitory activity against both LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion and LFA-1 mediated T cell co-activation, and also show excellent bioavailability after oral administration which reflects the overall improvement in (a) plasma protein binding, (b) aqueous solubility and (c) lipophilicity. The compounds of the present invention therefore show excellent in vivo efficacy against the unfavorable conditions caused by LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion.
In addition, the compounds of the present invention have potent antagonistic activity on substance P receptor, i.e., Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, as well. Substance P receptor antagonists are considered to be useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cystitis, and other gastric disorders (Kraneveld et al., Int. Immunopharmacology, 1, 1629-1650 (2001); Swain et al., Ann. Rep. Med. Chem., 34, 51-60 (1999); Ohnmacht Jr. et al., Ann. Rep. Med. Chem., 33, 71-80 (1998)). Thus the compounds of the present invention has excellent therapeutic potential against the unfavorable conditions caused or mediated by substance P. Also, the compounds of the present invention may show excellent effects on the treatment or prevention of inflammatory diseases due to the dual activities of LFA-1 mediated cell adhesion inhibition and substance P receptor antagonism.
Moreover, the compounds of formula (I) have reduced cytotoxicity and low cytochrome P450 inhibitory activity as compared with those described previously, and therefore, the

compounds of the present invention may have reduced side effect potential.
The compounds of the present invention may be clinically used either in a free form or in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include an acid-addition salt with an inorganic acid or an organic acid, and a salt with an inorganic base, an organic base or an amino acid. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include an intramolecular salt thereof, or a solvate or hydrate thereof.
The compounds of the present invention may be formulated into a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compound as defined above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent may be, for example, binders (e.g., syrup, gum arabic, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, polyvinylpyrrolidone), excipients (e.g., lactose, sucrose, corn starch, potassium phosphate, sorbitol, glycine), lubricants (e.g., magnesium stearate, talc, polyethylene glycol, silica) disintegrators (e.g., potato starch), wetting agents (e.g., sodium laurylsulfate), and the like.
The desired compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may be administered either orally or parenterally, and it may be used as a suitable pharmaceutical preparation. These pharmaceutical preparations may be in the form of a solid preparation such as a tablet, a granule, a capsule, and a powder, or in the form of a liquid preparation such as solution, suspension, and emulsion, when administered orally. When administered parenterally, the pharmaceutical preparation may be in the form of suppository, an injection preparation or an intravenous drip preparation using distilled water for injection, a physiological salt solution, an aqueous glucose

solution, and so on, and an inhalation by a conventional process.
The dose of the desired compounds of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof vary depending on an administration method, age, sex, body weight, and condition of a patient, but, in general, the daily dose is preferably about 0.1 tp 100 mg/kg/day, particularly preferably 1 to 100 mg/kg/day.
The compounds of the present invention can be used for treating or preventing LFA-1 mediated conditions in a patient, for example, a human patient. The compounds of the present invention can be also used for the treatment of a patient suffering from or susceptible to LFA-1 mediated conditions. Examples of LFA-1 mediated conditions include inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and allergic diseases.
The compounds of the present invention can also be used for the treatment or prevention of conditions caused or mediated by substance P in a patient, as well as for the treatment of a patient suffering from or susceptible to such conditions. Examples of the conditions may be inflammatory diseases.
The compounds of the present invention may be used for treatment or prevention of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergy conditions, adult respiratory distress syndrome, AIDS, cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis, harmful platelet aggregation, reocclusion following thrombolysis, reperfusion injury, skin inflammatory diseases (e.g., psoriasis, eczema, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis), osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis including transplantation-associated arteriosclerosis, neoplastic diseases including metastasis of neoplastic or cancerous growth, wound, detaching retina, Type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ophthalmic

inflammatory conditions, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), cystitis, gastric disorder, regional enteritis, Sjogren's Syndrome, and other autoimmune diseases.
The compounds of the present invention may also be used for the rejection (i.e., chronic rejection and acute rejection) after organ transplantation, including allograft rejection (host vs. graft disease) and graft vs. host disease. The compounds of the present invention may be preferably used for treatment or prevention of psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, Sjogren's syndrome, and rejection after organ transplantation (allograft rejection and graft vs. host disease).
The compounds of the present invention may be further preferably used for treatment or prevention of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and rejection after organ
transplantation.
The compounds of the present invention may also be
further preferably used for treatment or prevention of
inflammatory diseases such as asthma, inflammatory bowel
disease, cystitis and other gastric disorders.
According to the present invention, the desired compounds
(I) can be prepared in accordance with one of the following
methods -.
Method A:
Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-a):

(Formula Removed)
wherein n is the same as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing a compound of formula (II):

(Formula Removed)
or a salt thereof, with a compound of formula (Ill-a):
H- (CH2)n-COOH (Ill-a)
wherein n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a
reactive derivative thereof, followed by converting the
resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, if desired.
The salt of compounds (II) and (Ill-a) may be, for example, a salt with an inorganic or organic acid (e.g., trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride, sulfate), or a salt with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt or a potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt such as a barium salt or calcium salt).
The condensation reaction of the compound (II) or a salt thereof with the compound (Ill-a) or a salt thereof can be carried out in the presence of a condensing reagent, with or without a base in a suitable solvent.
The condensing reagent can be selected from conventional condensing reagents which can be used for a peptide synthesis, for example, B0P-C1, BOP reagent, DCC, EDC or CDI. The

condensing reagent can be preferably used with an activator (e.g., HOBT).
The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., DIEA, Et3N) , a cyclic amine (e.g., DBU, DBN, 4-methyltnorpholine) , and pyridines (e.g., pyridine, DMAP), and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) , an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHC03) , an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., NaOH, KOH), and the like.
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, DME, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), CH3CN, DMSO, and H20, and a mixture of these solvents. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -50°C to 50°C, preferably from 0°C to room temperature.
The condensation reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with the reactive derivative of compound (Ill-a) is carried out in the presence or absence of a base in a suitable solvent or without solvent.
. Examples of the reactive derivative of the compound (III-a) are an acid halide (e.g., an acid chloride), a reactive ester (e.g., an ester with p-nitrophenol), an anhydride thereof, a mixed anhydride with other carboxylic acid (e.g., a mixed anhydride with isobutyric acid), and the like.
The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., DIEA, Et3N) , a cyclic amine (e.g., DBU, DBN, 4-methylmorpholine), and pyridines (e.g., pyridine, DMAP), and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) , an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHC03) , an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., NaOH, KOH), and the like.

The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), CH3CN, DMSO, and H20, and a mixture of these solvents.
The condensation reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -30 °C to room temperature.
Method B:
Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-b):

(Formula Removed)
wherein n is the same as defined above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing compound (II) or a salt thereof with a compound of formula (III-b):
RxO- (CH2)n-COOH (Ill-b)
wherein R10 is a protected or unprotected hydroxyl group, and n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a reactive derivative thereof, followed by removing the protecting group, and further converting the resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if necessary.
The salt of compound (III-b) may be, for example, a salt with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a sodium salt and a potassium salt, and an alkaline earth metal salt such as a barium salt and a calcium salt).
The protecting group for the hydroxyl group can be selected from conventional protecting groups for a hydroxyl

group which can be easily removed by a conventional method. Examples of such protecting groups include a trialkylsilyl group (e.g., trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, and t-butyldimethylsilyl group), a benzyl group, a methyl group and a tetrahydropyranyl group.
The condensation reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with compound (III-b) wherein R1O is a protected hydroxyl group, a salt thereof or a reactive derivative thereof can be carried out in a similar procedure as described in Method A.
The removal of the protecting group can be carried out by a usual method which is selected according to the protecting group to be removed, for example, hydrolysis, acid treatment, BBr3 treatment, and catalytic reduction.
The hydrolysis can be carried out by using an inorganic base such as an alkali metal hydroxide (e.g., LiOH, NaOH, and KOH) in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, and THF), alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH), CH3CN, DMSO, H20, and the like at room temperature or with heating.
The acid treatment can be carried out by using an inorganic acid or an organic acid such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, acetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, THF), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) , CH3CN, DMSO, H20, and the like at room temperature or with heating.
The catalytic reduction can be carried out by using a catalyst such as palladium on activated carbon and Raney-nickel under a hydrogen atmosphere at room temperature or with heating in a suitable solvent such as ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, dioxane, THF), esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH), CH3CN, AcOH, H20, and the like.

The treatment with BBr3 for the demethylation can be carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF, CH2C12, AcOH) at a temperature of -78 °C to 50 °C.
In case that compound (Ill-b) wherein R1O is a hydroxyl group is used for the condensation reaction, the hydroxyl group of compound (Ill-b) should be protected in situ prior to the condensation reaction.
The protection of the hydroxyl group can be carried out by reacting compound (Ill-b) with a trialkylsilyl halide in a suitable solvent with the presence of a base. Examples of the trialkylsilyl halide include trimethylsilyl chloride, triethylsilyl chloride, and t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride. The base can be selected from conventional bases which are used for the hydroxyl group protection, for example, triethylamine, imidazole, and pyridine. The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene), halogenoalkanes (e.g., CHC13, CH2C12) , ethers (e.g., diethyl ether, THF, DME, dioxane), amides (e.g., DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone) , CH3CN, DMSO, and a mixture of these solvents. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -50°C to 50°C, preferably from 0°C to room temperature. The protected compound can be isolated in a usual procedure, if necessary.
Method C:
Among the compounds of the present invention, a compound of formula (I-c):

(Formula Removed)
wherein n is the same as defined above, or pharmaceutically
acceptable salt thereof, can be prepared by condensing
compound (II) with a compound of formula (III-c) :
H2NC(=0) -(CH2)n-COOH (III-c)
wherein n is the same as defined above, a salt thereof, or a
reactive derivative thereof, followed by converting the
resulting compound into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt
thereof, if desired.
The salt of compounds (III-c) may be, for example, a salt
with an inorganic base (e.g., an alkali metal salt such as a
sodium salt or a potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt
such as a barium salt or a calcium salt).
The reaction of compound (II) or a salt thereof with
compound (III-c) or a salt thereof can be carried out in a
similar method as described in Method A.
The starting compound of formula (II) can be prepared in accordance with the description of WO 01/30781 or the following scheme: Scheme 1.
(Scheme Removed)
(In the above scheme, X is a C1-€ alkyl group or a benzyl group, and tBDMSO is tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy group.)
Step (a): Compound (IV) can be prepared by reacting 4-hydroxyproline C1-€ alkyl or benzyl ester with 3,5-dichlorophenylisocyanate in the presence of a base in a suitable, solvent.
The base can be selected from conventional organic bases such as an alkylamine (e.g., Et3N, DIEA) and pyridine, and conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal hydrocarbonate (e.g., NaHC03, KHCO3) and an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., Na2C03, K2C03) .
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, CH2C12, DME, THF, DMF, HMPA or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature.

Step (b): Compound (V) can be prepared by protecting the hydroxyl group of compound (IV). The protection can be carried out by a usual manner, for example, by reacting compound (IV) with tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride in the presence of imidazole in a suitable solvent such as CH3CN. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to boiling point of the solvent, preferably at room temperature.
Step (c): Compound (VI) can be prepared by cyclizing compound (V). The cyclization can be carried out in the presence or absence of a base in a suitable solvent.
The base can be selected from conventional inorganic bases such as an alkali metal alkoxide (e.g., NaOEt, NaOMe), an alkali metal carbonate (e.g., K2C03, Na2C03) and an alkali metal hydrocarbonate (e.g., NaHC03) , and conventional organic bases such as pyridine, DMAP, Et3N, and DIEA.
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the cyclization reaction, for example, toluene, DME, CH2C12, THF, CH3CN, DMF, alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) or a mixture thereof. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to boiling point of the solvent, preferably at 50 °C to 100 °C.
Step (d): Compound (VII) can be prepared by condensing compound (VI) with a compound of formula (XI):
(Formula Removed)
wherein Y is a leaving group.
The leaving group may be selected from a halogen atom (e.g., a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom), p-toluenesulfonyloxy group, and methanesulfonyloxy group. The condensation reaction can be carried out in the presence of a base in a suitable solvent.

The base can be selected from conventional bases such as an alkali metal amide (e.g., LDA, KHMDS with or without LiCl).
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, diethyl ether, DME, THF, DMF, HMPA or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature.
Step (e): Compound (VIII) can be prepared by deprotecting compound (VII). The deprotection can be carried out by a usual method, for example, treating the compound with HF/pyridine, n-Bu4NF, or an acid (e.g., HC1, AcOH, TFA, p-TsOH) in a suitable solvent or without a solvent.
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the condensation reaction, for example, CH3CN, THF, DMF alcohols (e.g., MeOH, EtOH) or a mixture thereof. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -78 °C to room temperature.
Step (f) : Compound (IX) can be prepared by reacting compound
(VIII) with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a base
in a suitable solvent.
The base can be selected from conventional bases such as Et3N, DIEA, pyridine, NaHC03, KHC03, Na2C03, K2C03, and KHC03.
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, CH2C12, THF, DMF, CH3CN, toluene. The reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -20 °C to 50 °C.
Step (g): Compound (X) can be prepared by reacting compound
(IX) with an alkali metal azide (e.g., NaN3) .
The substitution reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to 100 °C in an organic solvent.

The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, CH2C12, THF, DMF, CH3CN, and toluene.
Step (h) : Compound (II) can be prepared by reducing compound (X) . The reduction can be carried out under catalytic hydrogenation conditions, for example, in the presence of a Pd or Pt catalyst (e.g., Pd-C, PtO2) in a suitable solvent under a H2 atmosphere at room temperature.
The solvent can be selected from any one which does not disturb the reaction, for example, EtOAc, MeOH, and EtOH.
In the present description and the claims, the C1-6 alkyl group means a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, etc., preferably one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Abbreviat ions
AcOEt: Ethyl acetate (=EtOAc)
AcOH: Acetic acid
B0P-C1: Bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride
BOP reagent:' Benzotriazol-1-yloxy-
tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate
BSA: Bovine serum albumin
CDI: Carbonyldiimidazole
DBN: 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene
DBU: 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene
DCC: 1,3 -Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
DIEA: Diisopropyl ethyl amine
DMAP: 4-Dimethylaminopyridine
DME: Dimethoxyethane
DMF: Dimethyl formamide
DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide

EDC: 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide
hydrochloride
Et: Ethyl
EtOH: Ethanol
HBSS: Hank's balanced salt solution
HMPA: Hexaraethylphosphoramide
HOBT: 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate
HSA: Human serum albumin
KHMDS: Potassium hexamethyldisilazide (=Potassium
bis(trimethylsilyl)amide)
LDA: Lithium diisopropylamide
Me: Methyl
MeOH: Methanol
n-Bu: n-Butyl
tBDMS: tert-Butyldimethylsilyl
THF: Tetrahydrofuran
TFA: Trifluoroacetic acid
p-TsOH: p-toluenesulfonic acid
Examples
The compounds of the present invention are exemplified by the following examples but not limited thereby.
Example 1. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7 -acetylamino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
To a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (78.5 mg) in THF (5 mL) was added acetic anhydride (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at 45 °C, and the mixture was concentrated and purified by preparative thin-layer chromatography (silica gel; CH2C12) to afford the titled compound (84 mg) . MS (m/z) 478.8 (MNa+) .

Example 2. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyi)-7- [ (3-carbamoylpropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
A mixture of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (82.7 mg), succinamic acid (45.86 mg), EDC (93.12 mg), HOBT (61.24 mg) and DIEA (104.79 µL) in THF (5 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Beckman 5µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%) /0.1% TFA) to give 72 mg of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 53 6 (MNa+) .
Example 3. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7- [ (2-carbamoylacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
A mixture of (5S, 13)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (200 mg), malonamic acid (59.5 mg), EDC (112 mg), HOBT (97.5 mg) and DIEA (168 µL) in THF (5 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was evaporated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 212 mg of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 500 (MH+) .
Example 4. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[ (3-hydroxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
Step 1: A mixture of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-l,3-diazabicyclo [3.3.0]octane-2,4-

dione (0.300 g) , 3-methoxypropionic acid (0.209 µL) , EDC (0.224 g) , HOBT (0.221 g) and DIEA (0.38 µL) in THF (15 mL) was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was evaporated. The residue was purified by HPLC [Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH] to give a foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.259 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-methoxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo [3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 501 (MH+) .
Step 2: BBr3 (3 mL, 1M in CH2C12) was added to a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(3-methoxypropionyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (0.16 g) in CH2C1 (15 mL) at -78 °C and the mixture was stirred for 8 hours at -78 °C. The mixture was evaporated, and the residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 |i C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH) to give foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.119 g of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 4 87 (MH+) .
Example 5. (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-hydroxyacetyl) amino]-1, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-
dione
Step 1: To a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diasabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (15 0 mg) and DIEA (189 µL) in THF (4 mL) was added a solution of benzyloxyacetyl chloride (57 µL) in THF (2 mL) and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The

reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was taken up in EtOAc. The resulting solution was washed with brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% AcOH) to give a foam. It was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated to give 0.135 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-benzyloxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 563.4 [MH+] .
Step 2: Hydrogen was bubbled through a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-[(2-benzyloxyacetyl)amino]-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 1 (0.125 g) in EtOH (10 mL) containing Pd/C (5%, 15 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The mixture was recharged with additional 5% Pd/G (10 mg) and stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through a bed of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% TFA) to give 0.023 g of the titled compound. MS (m/z) 473 [MH+] and 495 [MNa+] .
Reference Example 1: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
The titled compound was prepared in accordance with the following scheme: Scheme 2

(Scheme Removed)
(In the above scheme, tBDMSO is tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy group, and MsO is methanesulonyloxy group.)
Step-1: p-Toluene sulfonic acid (50.6 g) was added to a suspension of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline (25.25 g) in a mixture of benzyl alcohol (100 mL) and benzene (250 mL) and the mixture was heated under a Dean Stark trap for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated and diethyl ether was added to precipitate the solid. The solid was filtered, washed with additional diethyl ether and dried to yield 75 g of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester.
Step-2: To a suspension of L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester p-toluene sulfonic acid salt from step 1 (40.43 g) in THF (500 mL) and DIEA (51.3 mL) was added 3,5-dichlorophenylisocyanate (22.1 g) . After stirring overnight, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with 0.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous

NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated in EtOAc/hexane
(1:1) and the white solid was filtered and purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 2:1) to yield
(2S, 4R) -2- [ (3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-hydroxyproline benzyl ester (33.07 g) .
Step-3: To a suspension of (2S, 4R)-2-[(3,5-
dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-hydroxyproline benzyl ester (33.07 g) in CH3CN (800 mL) was added imidazole (11 g) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (13.64 g) . After stirring for 48 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with 0.5 N HC1, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 2:1) to give (2S, 4R)-2- [ (3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)proline benzyl ester (44.45 g).
Step-4: To a solution of the (2S, 4R)-2-[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-4-(tert-
butyldimethylsilyloxy)proline benzyl ester (23.49 g) in CH3CN (500 mL) was added DIEA (34.44 mL) and the mixture was heated to reflux. After refluxing for 24 hours the reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane to hexane/EtOAc 1:1) to separate the two diastereomers of 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy) -1, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. Diastereomer A: 7.46 g, MS: m/z 415 (M+); and Diastereomer B: 10.66 g, MS: m/z 415 (M+) .
Step-5: The compound from step 4, diastereomer A or B, (12.73 g) was benzylated as follows. n-Butyl lithium (30 mL, 1.6 M in hexane) was added with stirring to a solution of di-

isopropylamine (6.5 mL) in THF (100 mL) at -78 °C under a N2 atmosphere. The mixture was maintained at that temperature for additional 30 minutes. The mixture was added via cannula to a solution of 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (12.73 g) in dry THF (100 mL) at -78 °C under a N2 atmosphere. After stirring at -7 8 °C for 3 0 minutes, 4-cyano-a-bromotoluene (9.08 g) in THF (100 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 2.5 hours, then slowly warmed up to room temperature and allowed to stand at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was dissolved in EtOAc. The EtOAc solution was washed with 0.5 N HC1, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified via flash column chromatography (silica gel; hexane/EtOAc 24:1 to 3:1) to give (5S, 7R)- and (5R, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. (5S, 7R) isomer: 7.6 g, MS: m/z 530 (M+) ; and (5R, 7R) isomer: 1.8 g, MS: m/z 530 (M+)
Step-6: To a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (1.0 g) in THF (1 mL) was added 70% HF/pyridine (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 hours and then evaporated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and the resulting solution was washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution, brine, dried (Na2S04) and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; MeOH/CH2Cl2 2-7%) to give (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione (0.52 g). MS (m/z) 416 [MH+] .

Step 7: To a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-hydroxy-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 6 (0.52 g) in CH2C12 (8 mL) at 0 °C was added DIEA (0.45 mL) followed by methanesulfonyl chloride (0.15 mL) and the mixture stirred for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 and the resulting mixture was washed with saturated aqueous NaHC03 solution followed by brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated to give 0.76 g of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-methanesulfonyloxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. This compound was used as is for the next step. MS (m/z) 501 [MH+] .
Step 8: NaN3 was added to a solution of (5S, 7R)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-methanesulfonyloxy-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 7 (0.7G g) in DMF (5 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic solution was washed with brine, dried (Na2S04) , filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel; CH2C12) to give 0.46 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-azido-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 441 [MH+] .
Step 9: Hydrogen was bubbled through a solution of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-azido-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 8 (0.42 g) in EtOH (15 mL) containing Pd/C (5%, 15 mg) and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight under a H2 atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through a bed of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by HPLC (Beckman 5 µ C18 column; eluted with a gradient of H20/MeCN (10-100%)/0.1% TFA)to give 0.21 g of (5S, 7S)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amino-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione. MS (m/z) 415 [MH+] .

Reference Example 2: (5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-7-amlno-l,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione
Step 1: 3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-
butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione was prepared by following similar procedures as described in Reference Example 1, steps 1 through 4, but replacing L-4-trans-hydroxyproline benzyl ester p-toluene sulfonic acid salt with L-4-trans-hydroxyproline methyl ester hydrochloride.
Step 2: 3-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-7-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-1,3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2,4-dione from step 1 was treated in similar procedures as described in Reference Example 1, steps 5 through 9 to afford the titled compound.
Cell Adhesion Protocol
Cell Adhesion The recombinant protein ICAM-l•Fc was constructed from the 5 extracellular domains of human ICAM-1 and fusion with the constant region of human IgG. ICAM-l•Fc was purified by Protein A affinity chromatography and stored in aliquots at -20°C, Immobilized ICAM-l•Fc was prepared by dilution of the protein in PBS pH 7.5, transfer of 100 µl/well to Falcon Probind III plates and overnight incubation at 4°C. Wells coated with BSA served as a measure of non-specific background adhesion. Washed plates were blocked with a solution of 0.25% ovalbumin in PBS for 1 h at 37°C. HBSS washed Jurkat cells were suspended to a final concentration of 2.5xl0s/ml in TBSg adhesion buffer (24 mM Tris pH 7.4, 0.14 M NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 2 mM glucose, 0.1% HSA) . A 100 µl volume of cells was added to the blocked and washed ICAM-1•Fc coated plates that contained 100 µ1 of plate buffer (TBSg, 10 mM MgCl2, 2% DMSO). Adhesion was for 1 h at 37°C. Non-adherent cells

were removed using the EL404 plate washer (BioTek. Instruments; Highland Park, VT). The number of adherent cells was quantified by measuring enzymatic activity of endogenous N-acetyl-hexosaminidase using the enzyme substrate p-
nitrophenol-N-acetyl-ß-D-glucoseaminide, pNAG. The amount of liberated p-nitrophenol was measured by reading the optical density at 405 nm using a vertical pathway spectrophotometer to quantify cell attachment (VMAX Kinetic Microplate Reader, Molecular Devices, Menlo Park, CA) . For competition studies the compounds from 100% DMSO stock solutions were diluted in plate buffer at 2-fold the required testing concentration prior to transfer to the ICAM-1-Fc coated plate and serial dilution.

WE CLAIM:
1. A carbaomyl substituted compound of the formula (I), useful for αLß2

(Formula Removed)
inhibition of integrin mediated cell adhesion, wherein R is hydrogen atom,
hydroxyl group or carbamoyl group, and n is 1 or 2, or a pharmaceutically
acceptable salt thereof.

2. The compound or salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound is
selected from the following compounds:
(5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)-7-acetylamino-l, 3-
diazabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-2, 4-dione,
(5S, 7S)-5-(4-Cyanobenzyl)-3-(3, 5-dichloropheny l)-7- [(2-hydroxy acetyl) amino]-l, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2, 4-dione,
(5S, 7S)- 5 -(4-Cyanobenzyl)- 3 -(3, 5-dichlorophenyl)- 7 -[(3-carbamoylpropionul)amino-l, 3-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-2, 4-dione.
3. A compound of the formula substantially as herein described with reference
to the foregoing examples.

Documents:

2224-delnp-2004-abstract.pdf

2224-DELNP-2004-Cancelled Claims.pdf

2224-DELNP-2004-Claims.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-complete specification (as filed).pdf

2224-delnp-2004-complete specification (granted).pdf

2224-delnp-2004-correspondence-others.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-correspondence-po.pdf

2224-DELNP-2004-Description (Complete)-.pdf

2224-DELNP-2004-Description (Complete).pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-1.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-13.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-19.pdf

2224-DELNP-2004-Form-2.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-26.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-3.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-4.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-form-5.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-101.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-210.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-220.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-304.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-308.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-401.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-409.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-pct-416.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-petition-137.pdf

2224-delnp-2004-petition-138.pdf

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Patent Number

245502

Indian Patent Application Number

2224/DELNP/2004

PG Journal Number

04/2011

Publication Date

28-Jan-2011

Grant Date

21-Jan-2011

Date of Filing

30-Jul-2004

Name of Patentee

TANABE SEIYAKU CO. LTD

Applicant Address

2-10 DOSHO-MACHI 3-CHOME, CHUO-KU, OSAKA 541-8505, JAPAN.

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	SIRCAR, ILA	4832 RIDING ROAD, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92130, U.S.A.
2	MORNINGSTAR, MARSHALL	16R HODDER LANE, FRAMINGHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 01702, USA.
3	KAKUSHIMA, MASATOSHI	6-23, AZAMINO-MINAMI 3-CHOME, AOBA-KU, YOKOHAMA-SHI, KANAGAWA-KEN, 225-0012, JAPAN.
4	KAJI, HIDEFUMI	4-20-809, KAWAGISHI 1-CHOME, TODA-SHI, SAITAMA-KEN, 335-0015, JAPAN.
5	KAWAGUCHI, TAKAYUKI	24-5-2005, KITA-OHTSUKA 2-CHOME, TOSHIMI-KU, TOKYO 170-0004, JAPAN.
6	KUME, TOSHIYUKI	1151-2, OOAZA-NAKAO, SAITAMA-SHI, SAITAMA 336-0932, JAPAN.

PCT International Classification Number

A61K 31/4188

PCT International Application Number

PCT/US04/036539

PCT International Filing date

2004-11-01

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	60/354,309	2003-02-06	U.S.A.