| Title of Invention | A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING THE FUNGUS, PLEUROTUS SAJOR-CAJU |
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| Abstract | Microbial synthesis of nanomaterials is gaining momentum due to its eco-friendliness and stability of the nanomaterials. Among the various alternate methods explored, use of fungus (Pleurotus sajor-caju) grown on the safflower stalks was found to be promising. The full-grown fungus on the safflower stalks was incubated with the 3 millimolar silver nitrate solution under dark condition. The colour was changed to yellow and then to pink from 24 hours onwards. Incubation for 10 days resulted in the maximum absorbance (at 436 nm wavelength) and hence the highest yield of silver nanoparticles. The treated solution was purified filtration followed by centrifugation. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the dried powder of silver nanoparticles confirmed the formation of metallic silver. The transmission electron microscopic analysis of this solution showed the uniform distribution of nanoparticles, having the average size of 30.5+- 4.0 nm. The characteristic fluorescence at 436 nm wavelength was observed for the silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were found to be stable in solution at room temperature for more than three months. These nanoparticles, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, will be of more useful for the industries. |
| Full Text | FORM 2 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (SECTION 10) " A process for the production of silver nanoparticles using the fungus, Pleurotus sojar-caju " Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Government of India, Adenwala Road, Matunga, Mumbai-19, Indian Nationality, India. The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed: Introduction Recently nanomaterials of noble metals have drawn considerable attention due to their unique magnetic, electrical, optical and catalytic properties. Biological synthesis of nanomaterials is gaining momentum due to its eco-friendliness and stability of the nanomaterials. Many biological systems tend to produce metal nanostructures through a combination of mechanisms like accumulation, reduction and solubilization to protect themselves from the toxic effects of these metallic ions. The nucleation and growth of these inorganic structures are mostly controlled by the proteins [Klaus, T., Joerger, R., Olsson, E. and Granqvist, C. G. 1999 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96(24) 13611-13614] and other biomacromolecules [Cha, J. N. et al. 1999 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 361-365]. Inspiration from nature comes from the magnetotactic bacteria synthesizing magnetite nanoparticles, diatoms synthesizing siliceous materials and S-layer bacteria producing gypsum and calcium carbonate layers [Pum, D. and Sleytr, U.B. 1999 Trends Biotechnol. 17 8]. Most of face centered cubic structured metals (including silver) tend to nucleate and grow into twinned and multiply twinned particles with their surfaces bounded by the lowest-energy {111} facets [Allpress, J. G. and Sanders, J. V. 1967 Surf. Sci. 7 1]. Recently, synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus, Verticillium sp. and gold nanoparticles using the actinomycete, Thermomonospora sp. were reported [Sastry, M., Ahmad, A., Khan, I. And Kumar, R. 2003 Curr. Sci. 85(2) 162-170]. These methods reported the synthesis of nanoparticles by using fungus and actinomycetes in which the large-scale production is very difficult due to the problem in handling pure cultures of these microorganisms. In this work, the silver nanoparticles were produced by using the fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju grown on safflower stalks and hence it is amenable for scaling-up for large-scale production. Process The safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) stalks were cut into pieces of size 3 cm and soaked in water. To this, 2.0 % calcium carbonate and 1.0 % calcium sulfate were added. This material was then autoclaved at 15 pounds pressure for 30 minutes. After autoclaving, safflower stalks were inoculated with the fungal culture (Pleurotus sajor-caju) and incubated at room temperature (37°C) till the full mycelial growth was obtained. The full-grown fungus on the safflower stalks was removed and added to the silver nitrate solution prepared in deionized water. The solution was incubated at room temperature (37°C), in dark for ten days. The colour changed to yellow and then to pink from 24 hours onwards. Incubation for ten days resulted in the maximum absorbance at 436 ran wavelength and hence the highest yield of silver nanoparticles. At the end of tenth day, the solution was filtered and centrifuged to get the pure solution of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis (Figure 1) of the dried powder of this solution exhibited the peaks for (111), (200), (220) and (311) which confirmed formation of silver nanoparticles. Thus produced silver nanoparticles had the following characteristics: the fluorescence (emission) activity was observed at 436 ran wavelength; particle size ranged from Abstract Microbial synthesis of nanomaterials is gaining momentum due to its eco-friendliness and stability of the nanomaterials. Among the various alternate methods explored, use of fungus (Pleurotus sajor-caju) grown on the safflower stalks was found to be promising. The full-grown fungus on the safflower stalks was incubated with the 3 millimolar silver nitrate solution under dark condition. The colour was changed to yellow and then to pink from 24 hours onwards. Incubation for 10 days resulted in the maximum absorbance (at 436 ran wavelength) and hence the highest yield of silver nanoparticles. The treated solution was purified by filtration followed by centrifugation. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the dried powder of silver nanoparticles confirmed the formation of metallic silver. The transmission electron microscopic analysis of this solution showed the uniform distribution of nanoparticles, having the average size of 30.5 + 4.0 nm. The characteristic fluorescence at 436 nm wavelength was observed for the silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were found to be stable in solution at room temperature for more than three months. These nanoparticles, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, will be of more useful for the industries. Claims 1. A process has been developed for preparation of silver nanoparticles by incubating 3 millimolar silver nitrate solution with the fungus, Pleurotus sajor-caju 2. As claimed in claim (1), the fungus grown on stalks of the plant, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) was used for the preparation of silver nanoparticles 3. As claimed in claim (1), the incubation carried out in the dark for ten days resulted in the maximum yield of silver nanoparticles 4. As claimed in claim (1), the prepared silver nanoparticles had the average size of 30.5 ± 4.0 nanometer 5. As claimed in claim (1), the silver nanoparticles were found to be stable at room temperature for more than three months 6. As claimed in claim (1), the silver nanoparticles produced had the maximum absorbance at 436 nm wavelength Date: 11 July 2005 Place: Mumbai For Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, |
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824-MUM-2005-ABSTRACT(17-11-2009).pdf
824-mum-2005-abstract(complete)-(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-abstract(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-mum-2005-cancelled pages(17-11-2009).pdf
824-MUM-2005-CLAIMS(AMANDED)-(17-11-2009).pdf
824-mum-2005-claims(complete)-(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-claims(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-mum-2005-correspondence(17-11-2009).pdf
824-mum-2005-correspondence(ipo)-(25-8-2010).pdf
824-mum-2005-description(complete)-(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-description(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-MUM-2005-DRAWING(17-11-2009).pdf
824-mum-2005-drawing(complete)-(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-drawing(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-mum-2005-form 1(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-form 18(14-5-2008).pdf
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824-mum-2005-form 2(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-MUM-2005-FORM 2(TITLE PAGE)-(17-11-2009).pdf
824-mum-2005-form 2(title page)-(complete)-(11-7-2005).pdf
824-mum-2005-form 2(title page)-(granted)-(19-8-2010).pdf
824-mum-2005-form 3(11-7-2005).pdf
824-MUM-2005-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT(17-11-2009).pdf
824-MUM-2005-SPECIFICATION(AMANDED)-(17-11-2009).pdf
| Patent Number | 242246 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Indian Patent Application Number | 824/MUM/2005 | ||||||||||||||||||
| PG Journal Number | 35/2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Publication Date | 27-Aug-2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Grant Date | 19-Aug-2010 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Date of Filing | 11-Jul-2005 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Name of Patentee | CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON COTTON TECHNOLOGY | ||||||||||||||||||
| Applicant Address | Adenwala Road, Matunga, Mumbai. | ||||||||||||||||||
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| PCT International Classification Number | C09D5/00,C23C10/02 | ||||||||||||||||||
| PCT International Application Number | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||
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