Title of Invention

"A PROCESS FOR THE DYEING OF COIR WITH NATURAL DYES"

Abstract A process for dyeing coir with natural dyes comprising the steps of a) subjecting the coir to the step of dyeing with natural dyes.
Full Text

FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a process of dyeing coir. In particular, this invention relates to a
Process of dyeing coir with natural dyes.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Coir is a fibre extracted from coconut husk by retting or mechanical extraction. It is a natural fibre having highest amount of lignin among all the natural fibres. Due to its high strength and golden colour, it has a niche in the market of floor coverings, door mats etc. Such products are normally dyed or printed with synthetic coal tar dyestuffs, a few of which have been found to be carcinogenic.
During the extraction of coir fibres from coconut, double the quantity of coir pith is generated. Coir pith is a corky material having high amount of lignin and tannins in it. This is considered as a waste.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to propose a process for the dyeing of coir with natural
dyes.

Another object of this invention is to propose a process for the dyeing of coir with natural dyes, which has a reasonably good fastness to light and wash.
Still another object of this invention is to propose a process for the dyeing of coir with natural dyes, which impart richness and aesthetic appearance.
Yet another object of this invention is to propose a process for the dyeing of coir with natural dyes, which no longer uses dyes, which are carcinogenic.
A further object of this invention is to propose a process for the dyeing of coir with natural dyes, which is efficient.
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a process for dyeing of coir with natural dyes comprising the steps of:
a) removing the phenolic compounds present in coir pith;
b) subjecting the coir to the step of dyeing with natural dyes.

It is generally known that coir pith contains coloured matter which is phenolic in nature. Thus, it has now been found that the pith ought to be subjected to a treatment with alkali so as to allow a removal of the coloured material present in pith. Thus, simply dyeing the coir with a natural dye is not sufficient, as one of the properties achieved by the process is the fixation of the dye to the coir.
Such a removal of the coloured material contained or present in pith is effected by treatment preferably with an alkali. Preferably, the alkali is sodium hydroxide and present in an amount of 2 to 10% by weight. Thus, the coir is soaked in an alkali bath containing preferably 8 to 10% by weight of coir between the temperature range of 50’C to 80°C.
The coloured material present in coir is phenolic in nature. Thus, in the presence of sodium hydroxide, sodium salts are formed which are soluble in nature and consequentially can be easily removed.
The treatment with alkali is carried out preferably for a period of 10 to 30 minutes. Besides sodium hydroxide, KOH may be used as the alkali. However, calcium hydroxide will not form a soluble colour.

Preferably, the treatment with alkali is carried out at room temperature. If effected at an elevated temperature, then the extraction becomes faster. However, if a strong alkali is employed, colour degradation is effected and a loss in colour intensity.
The next step comprises in introducing the coir into a eyebaths. For this purpose, the plant containing the dye is boiled in water and then filtered to provide the dye liquor. The coir is introduced into such a dye bath and maintained at a temperature of 70 to 100°C. In certain instances, a mordant selected from oxalic acid, ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride or calcium hydroxide may be added to the dye bath or treated in a separate bath.
The material to liquor (m:l) ratio is 1:15 to 1:20. The treatment with the mordant is carried out at room temperature.
Further objects and advantages of this invention will be more apparent from the ensuing examples. In the ensuing example relate only to the step of dyeing.

EXAMPLE 1
The required quantity (15-20%) of red sandal in powdered form is boiled in water for 1 hour with stirring and filtered. The filtered solution is heated after adjusting the m:l ratio to 1:15 and oxalic acid added (10%) on the weight of coir with stirring. Coir is introduced into the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 2
Either powder available in market or turmeric in raw form is ground to fine powder. The required quantity (10-15%) of powdered turmeric is boiled in water for 1 hour with stirring and filtered. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15 and heated to 80°C. Coir to the bath and maintained at temperature of 80°C for 1 hour. After giving a cold wash to the material yellow colour is obtained.
To get bright shade, the turmeric treated coir is treated with calcium hydroxide (1:1) solution for 1 hour at room temperature. The calcium hydroxide solution is prepared from collecting the supernatant clear solution by dissolving 250 g of lime in water which is kept undisturbed for 30 minutes. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.

EXAMPLE 3
It is a mixture of barks of 4 trees known as Nalpamara (Arayal, Peral, Athi & Athi). The required quantity (15-20%) of Nalpamara in powdered form is boiled in water for 1 hour with stirring and filtered. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15 and add oxalic acid (10%) with stirring. Heated to 80°C and coir is entered to the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 4
The required quantity (15-20%) of gall nut in powdered form is boiled in water for 1 hour with stirring and filtered. Heated the filtrate after adjusting the m:l ratio to 1:15 and coir is entered in to the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treatment is carried out with ferrous sulphate (1-5%) at room temperature for 1 hour.
The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 5
The required quantity of fifes teak leaf is ground into fine paste and boiled for 1 hour and
filtered. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15 heat to 80°C and oxalic acid (10%)
is added with stirring. Maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash
and dried at room temperature.

EXAMPLE 6
The required quantity (15-20%) of green label brand coffee powder is boiled in water for 1 hour and filtered. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15 heat to 80°C and coir introduced into the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature. EXAMPLE 7
The required quantity (15-20%) of red label brand tea powder is boiled in water for 1 hour and filtered. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heat to 80°C and enter coir is entered into the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 8
The required quantity (15-20%) of the flower is ground into fine paste and filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth. Filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and coir is entered into the bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treatment is carried out with stannous chloride (1%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperatxire.

EXAMPLE 9
The required quantity (15-20%) of outer skin (exocarp) surrounding the seed is made into a slurry, filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth. Made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and coir is entered in to the bath and maintain at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treated with copper sulphate (2%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 10
The required quantity (15-20%) of the fruit of curcuma is groomed into paste/slurry form, filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth and made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and the coir is entered into bath, maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treated with copper sulphate (2%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 11
The required quantity (15-20%) of the outer skin of the pomegranate is groomed into paste form, filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth and made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and the coir is entered into bath and maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.

Post treated with copper sulphate (2%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 12
The required quantity (15-20%) of the material is powdered and boiled with water and filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and coir is entered into bath, maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treated with ferrous sulphate (1%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 13
The required quantity (15%) of peelings of onion was ground into paste form, filtered by squeezing through cotton cloth and made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and the coir is entered into bath, maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treated p’th stannous chloride (15%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.

EXAMPLE 14
The required quantity (15%) of fresh leaves of hibiscus is ground into fine paste filtered by squeezing through a cotton cloth. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and the coir is entered into bath, maintained at 80°C for 1 hour.
Post treated with oxalic acid (10%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 15
The required quantity (30-40%) of the fresh leaves of Henna is made into a fine paste
form filtered by squeezing through a cotton cloth. The filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of
1:15, heated to 80°C and the coir is entered into bath. Maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The
material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.
EXAMPLE 16
The required quantity (20%) of flower and seeds of Kankathali are made into a fine paste,
filtered and the filtrate is made up to a m:l ratio of 1:15. Heated to 80°C and the coir is
entered into bath, maintained at 80°C for 1 hour. The material is given a cold wash.
Post treated with oxalic acid (10%) for 30' at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried.

EXAMPLE 17
The required quantity of coir pith (15 kg) is mixed with sodium hydroxide (2% on the weight of coir pith), adding sufficient water (15 litres) and cooked for 30' to squeeze the cooked coir pith through cotton cloth till a liquor with a m:l ratio of 1:15 is obtained and neutralized. Oxalic acid (10%) is added simultaneously and stirred well to dissolve. Heated to boil and the coir is entered into the bath and maintained the temperature at 80 °C for 1 hour and thereafter the bath is kept ovemight at room temperature. The material is given a cold wash and dried at room temperature.








WE CLAIM:
1. A process for dyeing of coir with natural dyes comprising the steps of:
a) Subjecting the coir to the step of dyeing with natural dyes.
2. Removing the phenolic compounds present in coir pith by a process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pith is treated with an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide or KOH, for removal of phenolic compounds,
3. A process as claimed in claims 1 and 2 wherein the alkali is present in an amount of 2 to 10% by weight.
4. A process as claimed in claims 1 to 3 wherein the treatment with alkali is carried out for a period of 10 to 30 minutes.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the treatment in the dye bath is carried out at a temperature of 70 to 100°C.
6. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein a mordant, such as oxalic acid, is added to the dye bath.
7. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the treatment with the mordant is carried out in a separate dye bath.
8^ A process as claimed in claims 6 and 7 wherein the mordant is selected from oxalic acid, ferrous sulphate, stannous chloride and calcium hydroxide.

9. A process for dyeing of coir with natural dyes substantially as herein described.


Documents:

1369-che-2005 abstract 14-08-2009.pdf

1369-che-2005 abstract.pdf

1369-che-2005 claims 14-08-2009.pdf

1369-che-2005 claims.pdf

1369-che-2005 correspondance others.pdf

1369-CHE-2005 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 11-01-2010.pdf

1369-che-2005 description (complete) 14-08-2009.pdf

1369-che-2005 description(complete).pdf

1369-che-2005 form-2 14-08-2009.pdf

1369-che-2005 form-26.pdf

1369-che-2005 form-3.pdf

1369-che-2005-claims.pdf

1369-che-2005-correspondnece-others.pdf

1369-che-2005-description(complete).pdf

1369-che-2005-form 1.pdf


Patent Number 241328
Indian Patent Application Number 1369/CHE/2005
PG Journal Number 27/2010
Publication Date 02-Jul-2010
Grant Date 29-Jun-2010
Date of Filing 28-Sep-2005
Name of Patentee CENTRAL COIR RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Applicant Address AN INDIAN INSTITUTE OF P.O KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST. ALAPPUZHA.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 U.S. SARMA ALL INDIAN NATIONALS OF P.O. KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST ALAPPUZHA.
2 P.K. RAVI ALL INDIAN NATIONALS OF P.O. KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST ALAPPUZHA, KERALA
3 V.A. SEBASTIAN ALL INDIAN NATIONALS OF P.O. KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST ALAPPUZHA, KERALA
4 S.KUMAR ALL INDIAN NATIONALS OF P.O. KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST ALAPPUZHA, KERALA
5 I.R. ANTO ALL INDIAN NATIONALS OF P.O. KALAVOOR 688 522, DIST ALAPPUZHA, KERALA
PCT International Classification Number C09B
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA