Title of Invention	A METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR NOZZLE JETTING OXYGEN INTO A SYNTHESIS REACTOR
Abstract	The invention relates to a method for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis reactor, namely for oxy-dehydration, for largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed. The oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with an inert gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the catalyst bed and is jetted on the catalyst surface through several exit openings configured in the ring distributor at an inclined angle away from the vertical, and in that the oxygen is jetted in alternating sequence to the adjacent exit openings.

Title of Invention

A METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR NOZZLE JETTING OXYGEN INTO A SYNTHESIS REACTOR

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis reactor, namely for oxy-dehydration, for largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed. The oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with an inert gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the catalyst bed and is jetted on the catalyst surface through several exit openings configured in the ring distributor at an inclined angle away from the vertical, and in that the oxygen is jetted in alternating sequence to the adjacent exit openings.

Full Text	The invention relates to a method and a device for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis reactor, e.g. for oxy-dehydration, with largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed. There are a series of catalytic methods, in which oxygen is additionally fed to the treating gas in a reactor, like in the so called oxy-dehydration of propane or butane, where the oxygen is mixed with the gas flowing in into the oxy-dehydration reactors before entering into the catalyst. It has been seen that especially the irregular through-mixing of the gas flowing into the catalyst with oxygen leads to unsatisfactory results, perhaps because of soot formation above the catalyst or due to insufficient material yield, like the yield of propylene. This is where this invention comes in with the task of clearly improving the mixing-in and mixing-through the oxygen above the catalyst particularly for oxy-dehydration process. This task is fulfilled according to the invention with the help of a method of the type described above, where the oxygen is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the catalyst bed and is nozzle-jetted on to the catalyst surface through several exit holes in the ring distributor at an angle inclined away from the vertical. The oxygen could be present in pure form, as air or mixed with inert gas or water vapour. It has been seen that with the help of this method a through-mixing can be achieved within a very short time of stoichicmetric oxygen concentrations and the non-catalytic reactions get minimised. As the mixing takes place in open air and the oxygen-rich mixing has no contact with walls or the catalyst, damage caused to materials due to the nozzle-jetted oxygen gets minimised. Extended designs of the invention can be obtained from the sub-claims. Depending on the reactor design it could be favourable to carry out jetting of the oxygen only in the direction of the reactor centre or only in the direction on to the reactor wall or even in tangential direction, whereby there is obviously a further variant, where these flow-in directions of the oxygen can be foreseen in one as well as also in the other direction simultaneously if required in different axial planes. With the different on-flow angles, while additionally equipping already existing plants one can adapt to the respective reactor design. A method has proved to be particularly favourable in which the jetting of oxygen takes place in tangential alignment and for each ring of the ring distributor in alternating alignment from ring to ring of the ring distributor. In another extension of the method the jetting of oxygen takes place in a plane approximately 50-300 mm above the catalyst bed, which ensures an oxygen dwelling time of <_1 second in the space above catalyst bed.> In order to fulfil the invention also foresees a device, which has the special feature of a ring distributor consisting of several concentric ring pipes, provided with exit holes above a catalyst bed, where the exit openings are designed to give off oxygen on to the catalyst surface at an angle inclined away from the vertical. The gas exit openings can be designed as holes or nozzles. At this juncture reference is being made to some literature from the state-of-the-art technology. Thus DE-OS 43 33 372 publishes a manufacturing methods for olefins from methane containing gas mixtures, or the document US-5 935 489 that shows a method and a device for producing synthesis gas with partial oxidation or the US-patent documents 2 518 583, 2 809 981 or 2 954 281. From the document US-2 584 391 one can learn about jetting of a reactant in directions deviating from the vertical in order to achieve a more effective contact between solid and gas particles in a fluidised reactor belt. Mechanisms for distributing fluids above or between catalyst beds are shown in the documents US-262 692, US-3 208 833 or US- 3 685 971. A spiral-shaped distributor is shown in WO 01/76731-A 1. Design extensions of the invention can be obtained from the sub-claims relating to the device. Further features, details and advantages of the invention can be obtained on the basis the following description as well as the drawing. The following are shown: Fig. 1 A very simplified depiction of a device according to the invention; and Fig. 2 a detailed enlargement as sectional drawing of the ring distributon systm for oxygen introduction; and Fig. 3 & 4 Principle sketches of the flow-up direction of two jets of oxygen particles on to the catalyst bed for different meeting angles. The oxy-reactor depicted schematically in section in Fig. 1 and generally denoted by the reference sign 1 has a gas inlet pipe 2 that centrically penetrates a horizontally arranged catalyst 3, where a gas dome 4 is formed above the catalyst bed in the reactor. The centric gas inlet pipe 2 is surrounded by a ring distributor 5 for oxygen in pure form, as air or mixed with inert gas or water vapour, where this ring pipe 5 feeds several ring pipes 7 equipped with exit openings 6 that are arranged above the catalyst 3. the exit openings 6 are arranged in such a way that the respective oxygen jet meets the catalyst surface at an angle deviating from the vertical, whereby in Fig. 3 the vertical meeting situation is depicted and in Fig. 4 a situation according to the invention. In Fig. 1 the oxygen entry into the ring distributor 5 is indicated only by the arrows 8; even the gas exit of the reactor is only indicated and bears the reference sign 9. With the help of the inclined meeting direction of the oxygen jet on to the catalyst bed as indicated also in Fig. 4. among other things one can prevent a large-spaced circulation of the oxygen containing gas. As indicated in Fig. 3 in case of vertical flow adjacent jets meet the catalyst on one another, whereby one can achieve a preventive circulation. Of course the example of the invention can still be changed in several respects without departing form the basic idea; especially the meeting angle can be selected according to the type of the reactor or in some other way. WE CLAIM: 1. A method for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis reactor» namely for oxy-dehydration, for largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed characterized in that the oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with an inert gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the catalyst bed amd is jetted on to the catalyst surface through several exit openings configured in the ring distributor at an inclined angle away from the vertical, and in that the oxygen is jetted in alternating sequence to the adjacent exit openings. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxygen is jetted to the reactor in one of a direction for example the reactor center and the reactor wall and wherein the jetting direction can be selected in a tangential alignment. 3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the jetting of the oxygen takes place in a plane 50-300 mm above the catalyst bed* which ensures an oxygen dwelling time of 4. A device for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis- reactor, namely for oxy—dehydration, with largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed, in particular for carrying out the method as claimed in claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a ring distributor (5) having a plurality of concentric ring pipes openings (6) above a catalyst bed (3)* in that the exit openings (6) are configured for jetting the oxygen on the catalyst surface at an angle inclined away from the vertical* and in that the gas exit openings (6) are aligned in an alternating sequence. 5. The device as claimed in claim 4* comprising central gas inlet pipe (2) that centrally penetrates the catalyst bed (3), and a mixing dome (4> above the catalyst bed (3) wherein the ring pipes (7) surround the centric gas guid- ing pipe (2). 6. The device as claimd in claim 4 or 5» wherein the ring distributor (5) is formed with said plurality of co-axially positioned ring pipes (7> with gas exit openings that a gas flow is injected onto the reactor in one of a direction for example the reactor center and reactor wall* amd whereim the jetting direction cam be selected in a tangential alignment. 7. The device as claimed in any of claims 4 to 6» wherein the adjacent gas exit openings (6) have different flow outlet directions. 8. The device as claimed in claims 1 to 7, wherein the gas exit openings (6) are configured as holes or nozzles. The invention relates to a method for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis reactor, namely for oxy-dehydration, for largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed. The oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with an inert gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the catalyst bed and is jetted on the catalyst surface through several exit openings configured in the ring distributor at an inclined angle away from the vertical, and in that the oxygen is jetted in alternating sequence to the adjacent exit openings.

Full Text

The invention relates to a method and a device for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis
reactor, e.g. for oxy-dehydration, with largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a
catalyst bed.
There are a series of catalytic methods, in which oxygen is additionally fed to the treating
gas in a reactor, like in the so called oxy-dehydration of propane or butane, where the
oxygen is mixed with the gas flowing in into the oxy-dehydration reactors before entering
into the catalyst. It has been seen that especially the irregular through-mixing of the gas
flowing into the catalyst with oxygen leads to unsatisfactory results, perhaps because of
soot formation above the catalyst or due to insufficient material yield, like the yield of
propylene.
This is where this invention comes in with the task of clearly improving the mixing-in
and mixing-through the oxygen above the catalyst particularly for oxy-dehydration
process.
This task is fulfilled according to the invention with the help of a method of the type
described above, where the oxygen is fed to a ring distributor system arranged above the
catalyst bed and is nozzle-jetted on to the catalyst surface through several exit holes in
the ring distributor at an angle inclined away from the vertical. The oxygen could be
present in pure form, as air or mixed with inert gas or water vapour.
It has been seen that with the help of this method a through-mixing can be achieved
within a very short time of stoichicmetric oxygen concentrations and the non-catalytic reactions get minimised. As
the mixing takes place in open air and the oxygen-rich mixing has no contact with walls
or the catalyst, damage caused to materials due to the nozzle-jetted oxygen gets
minimised.
Extended designs of the invention can be obtained from the sub-claims. Depending on
the reactor design it could be favourable to carry out jetting of the oxygen only in the
direction of the reactor centre or only in the direction on to the reactor wall or even in
tangential direction, whereby there is obviously a further variant, where these flow-in
directions of the oxygen can be foreseen in one as well as also in the other direction
simultaneously if required in different axial planes. With the different on-flow angles,
while additionally equipping already existing plants one can adapt to the respective
reactor design.
A method has proved to be particularly favourable in which the jetting of oxygen takes
place in tangential alignment and for each ring of the ring distributor in alternating
alignment from ring to ring of the ring distributor.
In another extension of the method the jetting of oxygen takes place in a plane
approximately 50-300 mm above the catalyst bed, which ensures an oxygen dwelling
time of <_1 second in the space above catalyst bed.> In order to fulfil the invention also foresees a device, which has the special feature of a
ring distributor consisting of several concentric ring pipes, provided with exit holes above
a catalyst bed, where the exit openings are designed to give off oxygen on to the catalyst
surface at an angle inclined away from the vertical.
The gas exit openings can be designed as holes or nozzles.
At this juncture reference is being made to some literature from the state-of-the-art
technology. Thus DE-OS 43 33 372 publishes a manufacturing methods for olefins from
methane containing gas mixtures, or the document US-5 935 489 that shows a method
and a device for producing synthesis gas with partial oxidation or the US-patent
documents 2 518 583, 2 809 981 or 2 954 281. From the document US-2 584 391 one can
learn about jetting of a reactant in directions deviating from the vertical in order to
achieve a more effective contact between solid and gas particles in a fluidised reactor
belt. Mechanisms for distributing fluids above or between catalyst beds are shown in the
documents US-262 692, US-3 208 833 or US- 3 685 971. A spiral-shaped distributor is
shown in WO 01/76731-A 1.
Design extensions of the invention can be obtained from the sub-claims relating to the
device.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention can be obtained on the basis the following description as well as the drawing. The following are shown:
Fig. 1 A very simplified depiction of a device according to the invention; and
Fig. 2 a detailed enlargement as sectional drawing of the ring distributon systm
for oxygen introduction; and
Fig. 3 & 4 Principle sketches of the flow-up direction of two jets of oxygen particles
on to the catalyst bed for different meeting angles.
The oxy-reactor depicted schematically in section in Fig. 1 and generally denoted by the
reference sign 1 has a gas inlet pipe 2 that centrically penetrates a horizontally arranged
catalyst 3, where a gas dome 4 is formed above the catalyst bed in the reactor.
The centric gas inlet pipe 2 is surrounded by a ring distributor 5 for oxygen in pure form,
as air or mixed with inert gas or water vapour, where this ring pipe 5 feeds several ring
pipes 7 equipped with exit openings 6 that are arranged above the catalyst 3. the exit
openings 6 are arranged in such a way that the respective oxygen jet meets the catalyst
surface at an angle deviating from the vertical, whereby in Fig. 3 the vertical meeting
situation is depicted and in Fig. 4 a situation according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 the oxygen entry into the ring distributor 5 is indicated only by the arrows 8;
even the gas exit of the reactor is only indicated and bears the reference sign 9.
With the help of the inclined meeting direction of the oxygen jet on to the catalyst bed as
indicated also in Fig. 4. among other things one can prevent a large-spaced circulation of
the oxygen containing gas.
As indicated in Fig. 3 in case of vertical flow adjacent jets meet the catalyst on one
another, whereby one can achieve a preventive circulation.
Of course the example of the invention can still be changed in several
respects without departing form the basic idea; especially the meeting angle can be
selected according to the type of the reactor or in some other way.
WE CLAIM:
1. A method for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis
reactor» namely for oxy-dehydration, for largely axial flow
of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed characterized in
that
the oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with
an inert gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor
system arranged above the catalyst bed amd is jetted on to
the catalyst surface through several exit openings configured
in the ring distributor at an inclined angle away from the
vertical, and in that the oxygen is jetted in alternating
sequence to the adjacent exit openings.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxygen is
jetted to the reactor in one of a direction for example the
reactor center and the reactor wall and wherein the jetting
direction can be selected in a tangential alignment.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the
jetting of the oxygen takes place in a plane 50-300 mm above
the catalyst bed* which ensures an oxygen dwelling time of
4. A device for nozzle-jetting oxygen into a synthesis-
reactor, namely for oxy—dehydration, with largely axial flow
of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed, in particular
for carrying out the method as claimed in claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that a ring distributor (5) having a
plurality of concentric ring pipes openings (6) above a catalyst bed (3)* in that the exit
openings (6) are configured for jetting the oxygen on the
catalyst surface at an angle inclined away from the
vertical* and in that the gas exit openings (6) are aligned
in an alternating sequence.
5. The device as claimed in claim 4* comprising central
gas inlet pipe (2) that centrally penetrates the catalyst
bed (3), and a mixing dome (4> above the catalyst bed (3)
wherein the ring pipes (7) surround the centric gas guid-
ing pipe (2).
6. The device as claimd in claim 4 or 5» wherein the ring
distributor (5) is formed with said plurality of co-axially
positioned ring pipes (7> with gas exit openings that a gas flow is injected onto the reactor in one of a
direction for example the reactor center and reactor wall*
amd whereim the jetting direction cam be selected in a
tangential alignment.
7. The device as claimed in any of claims 4 to 6» wherein
the adjacent gas exit openings (6) have different flow outlet
directions.
8. The device as claimed in claims 1 to 7, wherein the gas
exit openings (6) are configured as holes or nozzles.

The invention relates to a method for nozzle-jetting oxygen
into a synthesis reactor, namely for oxy-dehydration, for
largely axial flow of the gas mixture through a catalyst bed.
The oxygen in pure form as air or the oxygen mixed with an inert
gas or water vapour is fed to a ring distributor system arranged
above the catalyst bed and is jetted on the catalyst surface
through several exit openings configured in the ring distributor
at an inclined angle away from the vertical, and in that the
oxygen is jetted in alternating sequence to the adjacent exit
openings.

A METHOD AND A DEVICE FOR NOZZLE JETTING OXYGEN INTO A SYNTHESIS REACTOR

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