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Mil&roCiftiia^: foJ^ producing Sui^faictt^modifioa vor]t:pi*ce«j"
The present invention relates to a processes for producing surface modified workpieces made from motor and/or one or more alloys to the workpieces produces by means of these processes and to processes for joining at least two such workpieces.
The direct coating of aluminium or alumium alloys by means of organic coating system is virtually impossible on account of the inadequate bonding of the organic coating systems to the aluminum. Therefore, to improve the bonding between the starting material and organic coating systems, it is known to subject aluminum or aluminum alloys to what is known as a boehumite treatment, in which hot water or hot steam, if. appropriate together with amino rile or amines, is brought into contact with the workpiece, so as to form or thicken an aluminium oxide or boehimite oxide or boehimite layer. This then allows an organic coating to be applied. EP 1, 142, 663 , A1 describes baehmite processes, in which deianisied water at temeperatures of approximately 100oC or steam at temperatures of 150oC is used to surface-modify aluminium parts US 3,945 ,899 has disclosed a boehmite treatment of aluminium parts with water at a temperature of from 65 to l00oC or steam at temeperature of 100 to 180oC, with the addition of amines and amonia further boosting the aluminium oxide layer.
It is also known from this document to subject aluminium or its alloys to a chemical surface treatment using aqueous solutions of chromates of phosphates , in order in this way firstly to increase the bonding hand and secondly to reduce the susceptibility to corrosion. This conversion treatment, as it is known is also; known from stolsenfels (Industrie-backierbatrieb,
ll.ndiiwtrial ';:;oatiri.^T;:op«arat:i
, frpin .20 t:o; 5:(5^'Ci, Ri^s:e>iMeye;r p.t :al\ (AluminiuiU' 13S'. :
•"^O./'J^r pagee; 1215-1221)' dt^scribeii cb?;i'mic&2 convor^Unv
r-reHWi^-ntK/ by' means': of'■'lla/c^rl-^forTnii.nQ' phc»sp>ia:!-ing ^tep.s '
iiind :c:*l;irc>xnig.t;ii:g ' ijteps,; ailiowinci the' coating boridin
/ aprr:^.6Bion'':re£:?istarice;'of;' aluminurii ' ,.woj:kpxece;»; .'■to': „ be ;
V ..iniprpv^iid..;'^ Accovdihg': Itb -this dooaroen^ ■. ;'tc?0,,, : ^it?^^'
,v:to:"30,^-'C"or ,3;0 J:o'40*^C-: ;.'■:., • '■ "
,;,,Howi|v«^-':'»'., ' 'tii^ ■: '.:v'ibove'mentibn«idi' i)Tot.ef^-^^B h^ve. ■ p;>: ovev:i : d.;lBis.c3v4:icag(2?ou6', ' iii^er-' :. :aii,a y on feacount of ■ ',• ^merb'V ' ■com^icJU^.r^.tionij.' Sinpe '"the'- workpi-acee:;, which are, ■tO;,};^^ ^ sTiodifife'^d :lji,ac'cbx-dc;.nc
■;cop?iici0r^^ble ■ h^ncSliitiff andj time axe; ' jf^^qxiired ipi^ " t.-,h'Ji'
; f::!U,r£act^ jriodific^tion of ^ .such v^orkp,iec;Qs. kpreyver, *;,hti!
Vsheped; bodi.ei' mac!)© from '^ ^luirtirmirt; ri>r lalviTalnvtin ^alloys:!
.■Which ;':rare;-cd :be'■ji:iOdified ,'ijv th^ pribx*;' a3:^t 'tand. rc;)W^:irf*^ iW^hSit; ite known a& cbatrsttii-'Ci'rain forTiiatadn^ on account 'oi'-;,t.Ua Blo^r- .aooXirig, process': cearriBd out ■ aftr.eir Uhay hri.ve?; bofitn jiro'duc&d.;.
, t;d , bQndii:tg a'nd/ox' '■ corrosion'■; ;resl(3Cawce ;;'at lower ■cost/'-, ■ A;n particivlar workpit^t^es ';whosJ^ ; ^cjryicrurer ijs di^iwisjguift'hei:: ;by; '/.."edvioed coars^^^ffrain forwitdop.', compared, /tp' . Gonventionally produced V^liW^lTiutn o:;'| '^lumn^un '. a-'iavy^ '■ iwi;ir3cpieee^ii5^ WhiAe having' s '\ cor'i!-o£ion, >:ei>istaJiC(: . imu
tri:i(^ prea^^nt inve^ntibri ■solv'ee' the, technlca].; problem 'or\:-\
■;■■ Which i.t-,; iB hkf^inai 'i:^y.ptOMi&ing -H pr:opQ.f^% ror p,T"iiiu
■\ji^urfac)ia-':[]tOdj.fied\>or;iec^e| rricaciist froin .aluminum ox'] tme
■■■'■■'■■■ '■:'■■ . , . ■ \ ''.■■ i L ■ ■! ■■■■■■
prp.vicitrjj;: .th.c3i iworkpiec©.:,wnich i^' to b&' n^odlSiad .anrif :u=:' ^pi:t ^a ir€i;rr:p^;ixaiV'.ur(^/Of froin .^0 t.o JOD'^^Cj preferably 'SC i:o 5iv0:^', xn particLilar ,:300 '1:0 ,55C*=*C, iaid t:.h&n t:reating
. A-f-: liTii^ifni ; on: moaifyitig' -ia^^'eibt' to obtjiiiin th^. ^xirt^c^ii-
^^bdifi'Cifl. :wO;i:')^]iiiece,: Uhe^iit; 'Iwiis.'^jt: onp 'Tabdifying' .aii^fSirit.
'toeing .'^\- "■ in '■ tei3i:ipetsj.|;va're ; "6f t^om^ r2G0'^C to ; iOO^O, fireferab", y: r»r jriost 60"C W(3 iin i>articul»r an: l^s^a&.L, D*^C!, preferably 2D: ro 65'^C. ' Thor^for^., th€^' invent::^.cm. .sojy^;:'^
■tSfetJ?. pn>bJ-em 0:1;: which it is J^iasoc'^ in p?u:l',lr;ulfir' by
v/Dr]vi,>;lfttrqi whoBft wurf^Ce ii? to bfe modi'fied and brin9li;i{j' :;it iMt.:c> conLat't w:i th sit:: lUiff^^o Oi^
i:£i «il:a lower l;.onpc?i:'atuirfi/ BO ; as pi'oduct;? a cu^-fc^cc:'
'rfocSifi^id workpiecic*. ■ ','■■'■;■
iln ■■,r:n(i5 ^coii'Ciax'; ^ 0^'. the ;:pre:Sf^'d bcfiy, i.«.' ,«r l>0dy' 6t: , d*.fih.ed ; form,/, or :a!'j;:':(t?rr-iflitiveiy aLisSO in the* fo^'jii of g2:fin:uiefe or c^ powdf^x', In inj p;r olcirred e;n\badiment, ; th0 wdrkpiece, i£i in the roTin. oii 5.. heat exchanger or a ;ei5.griif,ioemt c^C^rapo^f^nt thereofj'
XIV.a pretoXTe^S. e::ftJ^oc3imi!S';::lt:, bf: the; j>reseht inventipn, the;:. WrkpiecC' which i^ 1:;n; be ! ivtod,if i€Ki . .i^, cajviponi^-d. ', of " {v!lri.Tnihvitri, r\fAgn^isi\X!Xir. Cpy^per:' or :' one ox. more iili-mnihiim ?md/or mag:v)e;j«iu:Tn Biid/ot Qqppkr ailoy^/' i-.Q^, it cosir^iath o.£ alujfin,r:ura or one; or/ it^cj^e^., ialloyn' o,r ; It &vui>yi:.ant:la-!,.1 >^' c,;ipriip':ri5?ei) aluini'Ciuin or onii. '.ox] rt\ot^ e^lv^\\i.Tfiv^ alloys.,,,, for i^ixamplei; in airiountis of fit; leaet 50. 6L\\\7-Q, 80, 9.0, ^^i^, : ?ind in partlculrir 9.9% ;oy:w0i^ht, ifcasedloli zhe weUihtof
Ixi iitiii: i:; c&t- tci^f i gurat ion^;; :ciae invention pjrovid^i^ fpr 'tli«/ worXpiVico' v/ho/j.e ■surface' is ^to ■ ixi^'^'modifi*id ,tO':LHS'
;Xi'fii.;>:t..i.eulffir lOd : l:.o' 550,*C,': iprefer^ibly, 'I'^O to' ,5L)0^: nnd •
•fimixH'li-ment, thi^i cazr' be >.chif^vec!! by Ivfriuje of ijl^.^] -Uct
;U:ht^t 'the workpi'^ice^ is. ^uSddi accrordini^' itp'. the inv
i:v/hen . ■■.:'.i:;; is ■ B^zill 'hot' ; iimi'tedia^^e-ly' ■ iollowing iz;-^
■pracluctiori process, ': B.g'., / .^ft'^r iti ■ ;qmercp,:sj;'^ txoT^\\\b.
^b;r^tK^ih,W tone, aftar 1:.herTt»a.i . joining ■ipi^-ccei:!^^^ ' or,, airt;^:::
;h,ea.ting In^ chi^Tra;?*?::; ftiri-iacesi, '.^ti as to, :c?xploit::' the; be.'U:' ,
capi&clty which ie present in!: t.hesf* workpiacet:. : The^
WQikpiece , w>]ic)i ia^ it : one ^:o£ the al)ovemc?.Dt:ionei?ci
bi*impfjrar.urt^ift/ fqr eXiUirttpl^s 'a' tc^iiYipcirAtluri* of'. from 80 :to^
:'i:iSO, in x^^'J'J^t.Jcal&x ,300;' ho' ^50
■ tre^^n.ted ly u,t,illazing :iti) .,exii.'E3f.ii-),g- elevated neinp
;!\e
■BuriB-ce-Tftodifyirj.^j .^gmit^ in sivsch a way , as ■ to, ■ aehi;evt? ;
..the- (:h^iK^i.re6 sirrface riocjif J'ca!tion; of the ^wcvx-kpieCr^f^.
:'Th&'.'fivxi'Cite modifidfiitloh which is ciea.ire
■ CQiiV'HtBiO'D'f i.e. tho : forniffiition :'of' a; .conveirwinn leiyej
: cind/or tbt4 formation ar thickening of' :a boehiTiite' iltfyc^^,
i'or' aliiminuTTt oxida^ layeir-/ In; ia pt'Sferrd'd^ embodiment,, ,th^
■ sliriiacG'. modi;!:icoition whlob . is i;desir^'c3. in accordance*
wich'uHe i;o,ve:atiO!;v may .^ilt^o; comprise ti}.^. IncorporcU^iOi'.
^of■ c(;-:i;'.ro2;^ioT.iriri.hibitiz:ig ji^ubBtennCes j.hto' rhe ^iilwu^iun '^•Kid-s Or ,bOH?toite layer; ; gLacJ/pr the, ■ production : cv:K ■CDnverfiiiion lesyerei by Chemipal*-piiysici?,i, jnocUfication; of :;piiift!:iMbly ' existing! flCxvIayers .
,i:-Q7: eya^.Ti(pii^, it. as' posetiDie; to provide for v^orkpiwcesi; ■Which^ ^lilre^^dy include k ■ CAB ifTux'Itiyer on aocoimt of' a ■ ipr'ecediiiig, QAB braz^i.n^jf pr
; ,x^.4 ^..■■*: .p.v ^Ji i.j,ivj;u trie i-.r^nsj i;:i^xtic\}l-^x ]V to, V::;, tod/or Uavia^y 'its^ opcygen. |cont«fnt incr(^]b}^^d..'_ I; .'I'he rr(:uiit:.mCiy;it: according,'t6 Ithfj! ;anv(^■n,t5.03-), resm^tsV.-iTitio;?' ;' al.l>^, ii- (iin improved rasisitsai^ce; to cpa'ro?3iori.
;; .:'rh(!? UB':: oi: lisi rriociifying .^g^rjU ^t IH low: tGrip^nratur,^,. '■:i.,n
;: :prc;if:t^';rab1,y 0 to 80^C. ,'JiairticuOarly.^ pr^ff^rfibly 20' [vty !;;65^*'C, ; vjhich ■ it> ■ 'preferred .in £icc!i;>rd;in::fi 'Wlcifi :,ihfe?:' ■ vi-'ivontion Ituids, ■ v^en . trcsiatjjzgi; a vrbirkplece tit '« .h:icih/-
temiiperature of from BO .tp :7D0^C, in; p;axv.;i.cultir 300 t.o!
Si^O'^C, to rapii d CQO] :t;n9-, of : the : worirp^ece^ m'iCi vhei^Qifr>Ti£i , .adv^i.ntagf'rcn.ivSly ta, ■ pr^eventiori": or iredv^ciion of ' tb^'i'
: t.hci rei-ail uing workpiic'tqes' Ondei" cer,t«..in c.ircun\sti:ance4:i ■ ' «;uJv;^i)'5tageou?!J.l.y differ :,:nVt:i^:£'ifts iC)£ theix $i-.ri.u;rur^s Xrotti; ■
■■■■■■':';■,. ii.
' pic"f(i,^?r
,^:sca:jy, : contiriUQu.':* and roun
i^^ycr OJ! tht^ c&.lujnlrj'inii ipart, , which 'dii'f.er.'i. f*:'om the
^ur;it:reaucM5'flux-c6eited'«ili.wi\xn;uii\ parts. "^
W) a :fux'vhe:r coitl:iguj;\nt,ion: oi ^ the j;;'5:esem. iiivmitionr tiii* pre/;tenv- techiiical: pro^lenr iffii 5olv:ed, by pr.ovid4J:!g! ■^.■^■■ proH'iys for profaucing,: sur^face-jtiidif ia);^ ;'v/orkpiecf2«, .^ incidt^ ■ ^I'roin a jiia't;ne modifynr.^ ; aofmt to obcaiXi
aso vCQ. 200^^0. . ■ ■': ' ' \ ■/■'■'.■ '"'
1)1 «:,hii¥ ccm:i:.:ig.rr^:^.t;;i-0)i ■ o;'*,' ttie ixyyerilion^f th&, workplace ; Which iS' to h&i juodiflftS inay b® at tfa teiivip'Jsr^ture of Ii'on'i .
IE' to 80'^C, in particular: 40 :l;^o GSl'^^C, but aUo i?0-ttv
.; 150^^0, M) 'particular ;2b; ^nci, 4.:)»ci;,, prej:6>rably 20 -to' ^^io.^Cy '
'or, £j-or^v ^0 'tQ[ 7:D0^C/: : ,prrferai,bl[y IQO to ' . lOOH:, '
. ■■CThit' canfig'u:r;at:ic?n' o;f -bl'usV'ijriSserjt iaventioii alfjo'. a.].lowsi '■the advct,:ntaa-c5oi;?j ■ Aur^fao^-modificatlpn-' of ■ ei worJcpiec^cii ;ln". juu:tic:u.lB.r 'tl^e)' ;produtjtiQp:, at 'ja : ihetal '.ox;v'(^^ ':oi: ;;h>Of^hn^itdd«^ ■ ■ ,6i* ^tooeMite' '.'liiy^x, ' :: the I iineorporation. .;o:f: ■ ■;CQrrc^;!it^n-i]-JiiJ:.)il:iilfi sub^tancesii into;
;I^';J1 lowing the siurfuce modifica.tiQr. iof the. worHqpioc^f, i
:t;:h(^^ worJcniici^coi^i can b
in pf^:r'ficu:i fiiz ■ l:>y baiji^r rinsed cind dri&a,: Of courstv.' i'^
I i;=? aJ^O possible ■ to caJrry cjut a! 'furtl^or vcoati^f;!'
■oy)^rrution, , £or ' example by, meciiis of /organic' ■■ coatiug ;
*:;ho, D5:'odv.iCtion procduct:ion■ c;ois15.' 'l!o-" wor>cpi.,^?ce«, to a riavliig on itinergy ■ an-^ resovirciA-.fi;^ in l!>artic\.\lar' by t;tilizlrjg| existing/ heat -capacitiafi D,f ■ th'^ , wor3ci>iet.Q>;,^ aticl'to th* raduced Use or' the? ?.voidance c;-;'. ;
fhe ^^■'^'*- ^^^' aggressive bhemitalje |for. tbf i-;ur,f ciO^V. tl.^refijit'ment.
eli^^-mente ,■ ,compounc,9V .oiixl^ureis: or;; othei'j ■^^'f>^'^^P^^"5'tibnS ■ia>\y bfii fir^uiwablV^ tot use *t..^tht-i!'modifyincj age)"?t. A mod;i fyiryy
atrervi: . which is; profer&biy' used is ■ .one or iwri?'
, ■ , . ■ I 1 ■ I , . ■ i ■
pCJ'rripounds , in piSirtioula::* ^ ^oijiei oi' irigre nttetai salts, ^f 'oiMb, or rx\0'r:^ c^'h^-rncr^o'itffi; frovYi t::i^,i! tranE-'J pion gpiouj^s of thtt, ra;-:., in pciirticuiar ■ trrfin^itiorL: gfpupiS;: iv cp^.vx of th
,'■■.■''
. Ir-: e-, further ; e^nitoodirriwt' of '/the ■ pi:feJ5.«int :lnvent.io/;.\,,. t:i'M?, ■inodiliving ■ ag^itv iTiay;;bfi» ox^e or; jnore, cortipow:,d?>, ■ '..in ,pca't:ic\x.la,r oae or' iiwr®; TTt^tti!!! aaltB oi' one or'wpre eti'(&mcn.ts' frDiT.1 jmin- gza\ii^^ '■!,[. IXr til, aiJ.a/o.r' IV oj; tl^e pax-iodic r;y$>t:f*]n of ' the; feiements, Ifor ex8jT.]^.3le,. a- (Ofti:nl: salt of ^eryi livlm/; :bari'Lii;-^, in pas^^tioulAr of macj,jrf5.^i lu.i
'■ ;in a fux't;he.r ■ ^saK.t i'nve^'ntion. , xl-^': mocli i]y i'ag agent imy b'e'one ois: rftore; coinpoxLvids of orjb or: moara 6?].©:w5int£ from' maln^ 'groups V, .yi, VXI arKl/oi :VI1I of the period.)c %st«jjti'of: the'.ti^le^nepit'is;
In 'A pref.err*sd' ^rit^odimeTit ■■ of ithe.^ invenr.i pr» r ■;.t;h.(S' abovt-nr\ontioftecl Tfie'talfe :may be,, in salt fc'i^n! with m'ato*; ■ :. SB;I, GCti?!d fjrom c>)t> ■ ffroup ':i:,ng of cbloxicKRS, ■. caxboi:ateji5,. : ill : ;'pa!ftjicvilci.i!' . hYi!i^oge:r^ . c^rbpnfttefJ, ■ nicratesy Biilfatev^^ pa?oxi(3'^es a.x}& . phosphat^!'^;. ■ 7T: 5)articu.Vc>r the mefca'I BAltft of i el
in a furth^-r pr^it eri'^etv emliodiirittx^it: ot tJie. invent ion ^ .t:h:f>=; : at lftaj;^t. one. iTiodifyir:-.g: agent, is a C^-flox C'cojittrolled ;
X , c?q;ualfi: 1 to 3 and'y ,*':4 to ^6, fo'r .example poti-iss'.J.urrt
:alarrdm3:^.t •hex&fluoride'and/or Cii^tAlFy/. ' ';,
Xrj a .{!urr;her prafearrtiS «trclbo(3inieM v.h«^'ifiodifyinp- '^vyein:, used 'i^ an. anuTKniiujn 'Baltv, such' a^ ^O^L' ff^xaiTiple ammpfiiiniv fluoride or airattouiunv cdrbcna;te, pot^Bsi\m fiuoTic'tji.,
,./?i.Qdiuin or , potassium : silic-atW, *?«:>da.uir. o?.: pot^sri'.iiun) borate/ socllum o:- pot5isS;ivarmp;).a'
.'orqinioitirconiunv.. or (!3rg5\)ncititaniuir., 6r orgarioiiil ici'm-
IT) i^ pi:irtic-o].S3rlY jrr^sferrBd ■e.Vnl>oCii:T!ien,tv the; C/%J? :fl"ii>:, ' ^; amjiiuniuji! ■ .Sell*:. '(Jtid/OJ':: :S>o,tat^,Bi\?!rrt flijgrlde ' ar« usfrc^ '■ iu.
prc':l:^riib;iy alki^lijie'- ^solutions; Qn: ^ikalinft vapor^> ;;0r ^ aeroHC'^lf/.. t^
'.tr^i^-3:l,tif>n groups, in; ^paa^ticul'^r t:)-!'fans';ii:ion 'grciupb >' IV ^to' VJ, A:>2; ^ijdi^' gx'DUps .■;!;,!' Il| IXJ I or JV,^ n&y l;3€>';:i,:a
phaf^e^i/ in partlculai-"' in: .Titi?xiid br- ga£.M-M:-?us . phafsc, ■prefcir'-mbly in aet05pl' 'forb -c^^' as a 'V^por.' The:'iwat;«i!:r :
' wh,ich i£^ unnd ■ for thei ^ dissolUvian is 'prtifi:.^r-7ih"i y
■■be: uHB^. a?ii inociitying; l;i(;>;n/A f;.', ■ii^ '.=l],.«f:r') i^inf^Sitf h.1,tf» ^iM- itrV'*?* o'u.K'i?kc©--foO;di:i'y-.ii-3CJ' agent ' u.A^^iiiiJ
tc>. be rMjL^eouf; solutionsr ;o£ '^SLmnionia, of aifiinptv,■ in.
partidis^ar pri]:nary, :.se*d^6ndairy lor te^rtiary aniines/; fpr^
■ excSiiriplA . mono-, ■ [ ■ '&i- ' ':OT ' \ tiriethtrnplumiticite,.;
:d,i!ncth^;l*t:hano3arnir):e^av ;;: organic, acibs^ or saltH; . iof ■aTnTr\onifflt> arnin/suj:, h^:icigG:fii5ttied o,rga.nic' ^compounds im
■jYii.xt.^'^ix-01^:5 of the* ci.bQvaJn,«i!4^tiosf^t?:Cl ikociif-yino ftQenty:/
•It ig preieriral^bs^; to uses k fsolution df '■0.1^ ^ 1% of, [.y^OH'
ancVor: 0.1 ." 1% of salt**; ;pf thti elemj^^i'xts of l--X"an,f3;i'ti.oii.
■g:roiiX>^!S' -i'V' to VI of' thift ■p^3B'in "dfeioni.z^d'^water. .',
In H pcn:tic\i).H:tly preferred ^n*ifeic>c3.imept; o£ the preiJ-:
workpicice' which ■r^svi.Xts ■■ti:oTti i, CAB ji^i^^s'.irit? pr.rjc;err.»^> and is tyt^ht&^Hj , ur.dftr the ■cohflit.iiin.^^ iae;nt:;;k)rj^6 a_bovfj,; v.\li;.h
■ one or iTioro 0* t2:i.e loodif'ying a'gei'Jts ;U$ie^d. Irj paruicul^^x
■ it: the .' BWrt^ak iri ■: treated ;: vath i watej: ' 6r; ; lAgucoiiJi;^ ,! itolvitj oniH, it; iie^' ,po£Mii'iX'>i^'■ r-O pbtftiinj ?4 niod;lfi
■ of Tfiddifying s^igent u^etd,; thtH ' r>urf fice muy ., ulsao ' "XJO '
cvtht'ir inodifying' fiigentK uf?«ii'^
i f 0>" the inrttari sfl,.Tl:, /thia C^ . f IUM , eumoniuj^^. siait ■ ar^cl/or potdB's"Uiiu fluoride . 6z'. ' another coneitituent Qt'. the'
■ -maV-vix oi c>rga,nic; an,rl/or inorganic Bplv^^nts. or ,'nixtn:r!^^ ■thereof, to tre^vt th^fi surf^cfii^ pf Uie^; wbrkpi^ce. In' tixis ; -caifle/': ■ th*".^ Mihrix ■'coht;aih's: organojne.ta], / iri particul3..r ■■,org'3tnoc;'i.1.icorj co^mpounds.: .■ \ln [p^rtii^ul^i, th,€^:. ■mi*"r;'-i ' ' coritai:\fA or,g&iiiic -aiid/oi:. ' iiior^anic^ ' yoly;u^r^', ' •' ;b^;' :ntlters'uitively :?i- : mi^iture--\ of U>^': ^ aboveme^nfioneq
Xii a parficulaily :j?x't:n:u(viUt of the modifying bigeuc \ to be usec5 in *i: d'Oncef;3nxrfi.tJ,on o;'! from ,1.0'ppm' txeftnrably: from 50 x>prt» i-0 10 000 "ppm ii-i th^^ txeattn^nt,
•i^hc? c:.t "least: One iftodifiyin^ agent i-; preferably, troucihr into contact with the workpietce': thau '.is to be laodiilf^c by ' th€i woj.'kpleico being , i^'mner£3^:|d ixx i. tha' nt leatjc ; oi"it ftgent cirid irnpi'egn^Ated Witi^ the' a^enjl or by it ;b'5i'irif r.'l ti^--6d pr fMoocia^d with 'thia/at ■l^.a.st otift; r*:icdifyix-4y a^t^r.t isnd T:.hur'a.yi3(ii !(j:r;to ■ lirhe ' v.^orXpiec^;j/, - in pfirticiAln.-f"' by frtCicinB Vot'■ ■wtot:' TK ■ kricWn a^s airliivi?.■
^j,i,-iom:U:'.
XJI' i\ pa3:t:iaular ejn):>ociiJ^
/tor., ih^y n>odi:f.ying agent/tp; ■'act :C^n th^'e ■:vj'orkE>:lcce at n
pr
t;ho -Q^se 0i £.i>3;:'&yincf,, in ^(aiaitidri t:o comi:ir
i;]!? alliJo poE'.iijible to' usri^v |oth^r yasej^-/' ■ £c>r . (fsryarripjie,:
oxygen^ riii:ro5?eu, fluoxiM*;. OK^On? ot stf^-'iTi^- . .;■
EKaJ.'npl^(-:; Qf ((letettl' ealt^- UBe{3, inclvde la'^ueoufa sc>lut.iM'ifs of Ca {N0:.[) 2 03: Zr iNO^^) 4, in ,p«*-;rticular : in ■ r;o.ncentr?ations :Of between 0.1% and 5%,^ ^th^ ' pH ;:of winch' is ■ prdf erftibly betv^^ael'^ 0,5 aad 7,5 to 8- Tht's t.f;;niipera,1:ure of uise i^? in ; lilus catici advcJntageoul?ly b^tve^;n 40^6 ^^pcJ, 60°C. . Und^kx',,' certain cii-cua'iSt;«iriCe.«j:, it/' :nay alsc b'e ./^vdvantagfeous i;:o' add from 0', DOi>%, .' to '.' 5%. 'of testi'aethylajranoniuTi ■
A'solution of ■■t.hi£' 'type i's,'uiSO^iS, in p^irticulAr tc> t^r^^.i'it:; ■
.■AccoxxVing ■ to '-^.ry adv-aiit^g3;^€! n^x>difying agent includes* a;;biocid.al 5ig(£nt .* By, why^ ■Of ^KfvmpO.(!J, it is.' ^ezix^loik. foir: a hijja't' excHangr^ar us
.fVccox'diny ■ to a fui:thQr adv
or pr.odv:c::inc( <: oxicssitioh ion the irurfaico by>
■'■.■'■■■:■'■:■ !';•,■ : , ■
iiieajiJ^ ot : the pxpcess ; i^aQOfOirig to .'t.hiffl invention,. AT:.
oxidai:-i on. inhibitor ■ is,; prpvicted, ilor ex^arnpl^, by ^ e
jnetaX oxidt; ox I:?oehJVi;it:e lifiiyieiX", '■
■.Of ,■ courjfie,. ' the inyentiori; , aliio rt-jlatftS^ to ' '^^urfactv!-; ii\oa±i:i^cl. workpiecesj ' , px.oduoejia by: ; :tieai.r.is , 'of , tly^
tioclifiii^O; hear:' ex.cihtocj'ersi■■ Wde from alvifni^nurr 03-' ■al'uni'i.r^vsn'H
i;u:j;'ther BUCip; th*;^ surif^^acs-tnodified workplace is provii^i^d /•;i;c:h one-,: or. more or^J^ixiii'; '0X_ morgimic -cOBtirig •^sjyl'^r.^nfi
and/or. IrrydrophiliC oi", hyd7:^opliotoic? jprdpni'tiefs, ' i:?; ■':L-i:; pc5sii:>;ie i'oir '\:hr=ise cpati-ngf' lay^ra to; b«? 'e-pplit'id v>*:i.r,h'or witirjo'uit sm ■;! vitei?::v
The invcaition :i£ , also :i^\plel^li:JrJ,t€id : by a ]>roceSi^i, ';fior ■ joining 'two or; Jiioirre'^workpie^oe^^^: as clii^'ime'd Irj' claim 54:^ A ..prpfr-uction: pirocesa vrt^ich',iy)blucles| t* proc^^is .'of; thiii. cypq? ^CBT) ije: carried :OU.ti\f3uit:kly, so Itliat ' ir. is' posiBi]:>lfe zo reduce xha- ifx^nuihct^i^ivig ^:costs'. ; Th:I ss appl;it!ii?: ■, iu particuXar co piroQtii^s'es ^ ^ ioaC' coh]&s;iv«'ly JDir:i:;nO ' ■a'-■plxrr.i'tlity oi ^woii'koi^ces i ::but XB also acihi-^iVGcV iri othex' rjoiuinci pr.oQesifKijj::^, siK^i^ ; as ^ for . ic^xairiple itifeich^^inic'^'i joining,; iitr .which; cas© ;Ui:^der -e^irtain, circumst^tic's^i-^'; i^r. :m^y be T;f?cea;b'
Tae ii-v«iitition is ais^C' i-^i-chj ^veci by ;'an app^'isxcituia So.r CQheBivaly joining ;$Ht lea?^:' tWo WDr;krE>i€jcGfw in w}:ii d)^r ^^ teuv{,>^^rat:uri!J-^:^oi:M:r6X ■ ': chifijirtbeiir !' ' ,for ^ .;'Corilxolli,ng : ■■ ;<::we ceiaperoicure ofv in pff che v ihisi. .cvwice for applyit a-s at l>t: ont'-' of thf^ ;workpieceS;. 'rt-ie; temp
l'he ; dp,iyii:^{r 'Si' sdrfftice-nioc?,? :ryinq agt^nr,. j.r; pxii-iarab;iy d^isig^'yed . ^$ «a,■ispr^y );io?.ile, the. remp^^r'S^fcure of ■ w.h.:iC:h car/ it,£;©l^' | pari;:;icului:ly ' pref ftir&bly; ^'Jj-e controlll&d ■ in , c>rd&r itor^ xh^ ipi:ocekB. Dct;ordirig;' to ,:t:Iie
invention to be carried out. It is equally possible for
the temperature of the surface-modifying agent to be controlled in a feedline of the device.
otherwise the.apparatus according to the invention may
under certain circumstances be constructed in a known
way, for example as a vaccum or continuous brazing
furnace.
Further advantageous configurations of the present
invention will emerge from the subclaims.
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