Title of Invention

A PROCESS FOR MAKING A CORE BOARD

Abstract

The present invention concerns a process for making a core board / cone / core liner paper, particularly kraft paper, in which fibres are pulped with water, starch gel and other compounds in a pulper in a batch process, cleaning, agitating, screening on paper machine and calendaring to obtain monolithic core paper. According to the present invention is characterized in that the core Board manufactured in accordance with this invention offers higher grammage monolithic board of up to 1500 grams per square meter in single layer, higher Ply Bond from 280 up to 1500 jules/m², higher horizontal and vertical compression strengths for spiral and parallel winding applications.

Full Text

FORM-2 THE PATENT ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) & THE PATENT RULES, 2003 PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION (See section 10 and Rule 13) CORE BOARD BILTUBE LIMITED An Indian Company of 1099B, Model Colony, Pune-411 016, Maharashtra, India THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION DESCRIBES THE INVENTION This invention relates to a novel core board/cone board and a process for making the core board. Particularly this invention relates to a core board/cone board made of paper, particularly kraft paper, and a process for making thereof. Hereinafter, use of the term core board, includes the use of expression cone board. Paper manufactured by the conventional process more commonly known as Kraft paper, can be produced up to a maximum of 250 GSM. Anything above 250 GSM is normally known as Kraft board and is normally manufactured by adhering / laminating 2 or more sheets of Kraft paper together to achieve the desired GSM of Kraft Board. Kraft Board has variety of applications including making of packaging containers, cones, spools, tubes among many others. Although the desired thickness and GSM can be achieved by multiple layers of Kraft paper adhered / laminated together, the products made from such Kraft Boards have the following key limitations: 1. Very low Ply bond strength. 2. Products made from Kraft Board have very low vertical and horizontal compression strengths. This invention provides a process for manufacturing of a novel monolithic Core Paper (below 250 GSM) and Core Board (above 250 GSM and up to 1500 GSM), which can be used for all applications where currently the Kraft paper and Kraft board are used with unique advantages of the product having significantly greater strengths due to unique manufacturing process leading to a monolithic Core Paper and Core Board having very high specific plybond strengths from 280 j/m2 to 1500 j/m2. The Core Boards so manufactured, have more preferably, significant value when used in the manufacture of high grade Yarn bobbins, Yarn Tubes, Paper Cones, Paper Cores and Film Cores, where the compression strengths and stability are very critical and are required to be very high. The tubes or cores act as a carrier to various products like synthetic yarns, cotton yarn, paper, film, etc. The tubes or yarn bobbins made out of this unique monolithic Core Board can perform on very high speed winders of as high as 6000 mpm, can sustain very high centrifugal pressure created during synthetic yarn winding, maintain dimensional stability of tubes, protect from transit damages and offer higher recyclability. 2 The Paper Cores made out of this Core Board provide exceptional beam strength, lowest shrinkage and minimal bending and ovality across the length. The Core Board manufactured in accordance with this invention offers three unique advantages. 1. Higher grammage monolithic board of up to 1500 grams per square meter in single layer 2. Higher Ply Bond from 280 up to 1500 jules/m2 3. Higher horizontal and vertical compression strengths (over 200% higher on comparable basis for products made from Kraft Board with equivalent GSM) for spiral and parallel winding applications Detailed Manufacturing process Pulper feeding: The starting point of process is the Pulping Section. Depending on the various parameters defined in the specifications of the Core Board, the furnish (raw material combination) is decided. The main raw material mainly based on fibrous material, which may consist of primary and secondary fibers. The primary fibers are obtained directly from plant raw materials, mainly from wood and annual non-wood plants. Secondary fibers are produced from recovered paper. Following grades are either imported or sourced locally. 1. Virgin Wood Pulp 2. Bamboo pulp 3. Hardwood 4. Softwood 5. Jungle wood 6. Cotton yarn 7. Hosiery cutting 8. wax paper 9. grease proof paper 10. rice straw 11. wheat straw 3 12.husk 13.sawai grass 14. Bleached pulp 15. Unbleached pulp 16. Double Sorted OCC (Old Corrugated Cartons) 17. Recovered Kraft (Old Corrugate Cartons) Paper 18. Straw Board 19. Chip Board 20.Bagasse 21. Jute pulp 22. Flax pulp 23. Hemp pulp 24. Sisal pulp 25. Rags (used textiles) 26. Laminated Paper 27.Tetra pack cartons/sheets pre-use 28.Tetra pack cartons post-use 29. New Double Lined Kraft Corrugated Cuttings (NDLK) 30. Brown (Mill Board) 31. Grey board 32. Carbon paper 33. Ribbed kraft 34. Manila paper 35. Color paper 36. Road Sweep 37. Sack kraft 38. Sand Paper 39. Tissue Paper 40. Mix Waste 41. White Ledger 42. Computer printouts 43. Office Record/Paper 44. Notebooks 45. Old News Print 46. Sorted Graphic Paper 47. White blank 48. Coated Groundwood 49. Printed Bleached Board cuttings 4 50. Manifold pre-consumer 51. Coated book stock 52. Mixed Paper 53. Box Board Cuttings 54. Magazines 55. Hard white envelop cuttings 56. White woodfree shavings 57. Hard white shavings 58. Unprinted Bleached Board 59. Ledger paper 60. Security paper 61. Currency paper 62. Azure wove Paper 63. Cheque paper 64. Bond paper The combination of the furnish is decided on the basis of Burst factor, Tensile strength, Ply Bond, COBB, Bulk, GSM, etc. defined either by the customer or recommended by in-house technical team based on the application. Conveyor: The furnish is loaded on to the conveyor, which carries the furnish in to the pulper. Various types of conveyors are used depending on the batch size, quality of furnish, space availability and height of the pulper from the bottom. The basic function of conveyor is only to feed the pulper and as such irrespective of the type of conveyor, it has no bearing on the end quality of the product. Pulper: Furnish is poured into the Pulper thru conveyor. The pulping process is a batch type process. You need to make sure that the combination desired is maintained for each pulper batch. Water is added together with certain amount of furnish. The water is added into sufficient quantity to maintain the consistency of the pulp at 2%-30%. Rotor inside the pulper ensures that the various furnish fed inside is pulped and mixed uniformly to develop the homogenous pulp of desired 5 consistency. The rotor keeps functioning till the fibers are separate at desired Degree SR. The Degree SR (Fiber Freeness) is very important for the process and is maintained between 10 and 40 in the pulper and between 45 and 75 at the Head box for GSM range of 250 plus (Core Board). Below250 GSM, the Degree SR is maintained between 20 and 55 at the pulper and between 40 and 80 at the Head box. The pulping process to achieve desired Degree SR may take minimum 2 minutes to up to 120 minutes depending upon the quality of the furnish. The pulping process thru rotor also ensure that other contaminations such as plastic, metal, aluminum, sand, thermocol, etc are completely separated from the paper fiber. Technical specifications • Batch Capacity: 1 m3 to 200 M3 • Operating consistency: 2% -30% • Speed of rotor: 40 - 400 MPM • Pulping time: 2 minutes to 150 minutes Various types of pulpers can be used for the process of pulping which include High Consistency Pulper, Medium Consistency Pulper, Low Consistency pulper, Horizontal pulper, Vertical pulper, Batch type pulper, Continuous pulper, etc. The basic purpose of pulper is to separate the fibers and as such any such type of pulper meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Decontaminator: The entire batch, then, passes thru a decontaminator during which most of the plastic and metal parts are separated from the pulp and cleaner pulp moves forward into storage chests. Required amount of water is added into the decontaminator to assist the cleaning process. Technical specifications • Operating capacity: 0.5 m3 - 12.0 m3 6 • Operating consistency: 3% - 10% • Speed of rotor: 50 MPM - 500 MPM • Perforation size: 3 mm - 15 mm The function of decontaminator is to separate the non-fibrous material from the fibrous material and remove it. And as such any type of such decontaminator meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Storage Chest: Accept furnish from the decontaminator passes on to the storage chest. The storage chest has an agitator, which while storage of pulp, continuously stirs it up and maintains uniform consistency at all levels. The consistency in storage chest is 3% to 10%. Agitator consists of aerofoil type propellers, which are widely used for agitation of fibrous stock suspensions in vertical and horizontal chests. The blade profile prevents the entanglement of long impurities like strings, plastic strips etc. Technical specifications • Impeller diameter: 100 - 2000 mm • Motor specification: 20 HP - 200 HP • RPM of Impeller: 50 - 1000 RPM High Density Cleaner and/or Low Density Cleaner: From the storage chest this pulp is passed thru High Density Cleaner (HDC) and/or Low Density cleaner. The function of HDC/LDC is to remove the heavier and lighter impurities such as glass, pins, sand, thermocol particles. These impurities settle down in a separate dirt vessel provided with two numbers of pneumatically operated pulp valves. Stock is fed tangentially into the inlet portion, which along with centrifugal action of specially designed rotor is forced downward. Technical specifications • Capacity: 500 - 5000 LPM • Operating consistency: 2%-6% • Motor specification: 2 HP - 30 HP 7 • Speed of rotor: 200-1200 RPM The function of HDC or LDC is to remove the unwanted material from the pulp. And as such any such type of HDC/LDC meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Turbo Separator: The cleaner pulp thus moves forward to pass thru Turbo separator. Turbo separator is used as a secondary Pulper and installed after HD cleaner. It eliminates light and heavy contraries such as corks, adhesive tapes etc from the stock. The stock is fed into the inlet chamber. The inlet chamber is having two separate outlets for light and heavy rejects. The light rejects is taken from the center of the door and whereas the heavy rejects which gets accumulated in the chamber is taken out tangentially at regular intervals and drained. The stock is screened with the help of specially designed rotor and the perforated plate. The accept is collected in the storage chest and the light rejects are taken in the Vibrating screen for fiber recovery. Technical Specifications • Operating consistency: 1% - 5% • Motor specification: 20 HP - 500 HP • Speed of rotor: 200 - 1200 RPM • Hole Size: 1 mm - 6 mm The function of Turbo Separator is to remove the unwanted material from the pulp. And as such any such type of Turbo Separator meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Storage chest: The cleaned pulp from the Turbo Separator passes thru another Storage Chest. The main function of chest is to store pulp, which is received from Turbo separator. Pulp Consistency in storage chest is 2-5%. The pulp, which is present in chest, kept under continuous agitation to achieve uniform consistency. Operating consistency is up to 5% 8 Chest agitator: Agitator consists of aerofoil type propellers, which are widely used for agitation of fibrous stock suspensions in vertical and horizontal chests. The blade profile prevents the entanglement of long impurities like strings, plastic strips etc. Technical specifications • Impeller diameter: 100 - 3000 mm • Motor specifications: 20 HP - 500 HP • RPM of Impeller: 50 - 1000 RPM Primary Pressure screen: Pressure screen is used for eliminating sand particles in thick stock preparation system. Operating consistency up to 5%. The unscreened stock is fed into the inlet chamber, which avoids heavyweight particles entering between rotor and screen basket, thereby avoiding damage to the equipment. Specially designed rotor is dynamically balanced and suitable for large flat shaped contaminants. Rotor edge is hard faced. The accept of this screen is feed to Thickener and heavy and light reject of the screen is collected in standpipe. Water is feed with high pressure pump for reject cleaning and dilution. Technical specifications • Operating consistency: up to 5.0% • Motor specification: 20 HP - 200 HP • Speed of rotor: 200 - 2000 RPM • Basket type: Slotted or perforated • Slot/Perforation Size: 0.1 mm - 1.0 mm The function of Pressure Screen is to remove the unwanted material from the pulp. And as such any such type of Pressure Screen meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Reject tank: It is used to collect the heavy and light reject of Primary Pressure Screen. It also consists of partition to separate sand from the heavy and light reject material. 9 Drain line is provided to drain the sand and unusable material. Dilution line is provided to maintain low consistency, which helps further cleaning. Operating consistency is maintained up to 4% Secondary Screen: The reject screen works in cycles with fully automatic operation. The stock to be processed is entered into the inlet chamber for a predetermined time (depending upon the contamination in the furnish). The specially designed drum rotor with foils rotates and cleans the fibers through a slotted basket with calibrated slots. Contaminants are stopped by this slotted basket, which is then washed during washing process to separate and further recover the good fibers. Reject is finally drained and the whole cycle repeats. The cycle time duration is adjusted depending upon the contaminants in the stock. The accepts of the screen is feed to thickener for thickening and light reject is feed to ETP and heavy reject is feed storage tank for further recovery. Operating consistency is maintained up to 3%. Technical specifications • Operating consistency: 0.2 -3.0% • Motor specification: 10 HP - 200 HP • Speed of rotor: 100 - 1000 RPM • Slot/Perforation Size: 0.1 mm - 1.0 mm The function of Secondary Screen is to remove the unwanted material from the pulp. And as such any such type of Secondary Screen meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Vibrating Screen: It is used for stock screening and the treatment of rejects coming from turbo cleaners and storage tank. The specially designed vibratory motor fixed on the cradle suspended on four heavy duty helical springs provides controlled vibration to the perforated screen plate to screen the stock and reduces fiber loss. Technical specifications 10 • Operating consistency: up to 4.0% • Motor specification: 1 HP - 100 HP • Slot/Perforation Size: 0.1 mm - 1.0 mm The function of Vibrating Screen is to recover the fiber. And as such any such type of Vibrating Screen meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Thickener: In the process of cleaning of pulp, water is added at various point and pulp consistency goes down. To bring consistency to requisite levels, the thickener is used. Thickener removes water from the pulp stock and increases the pulp consistency. Input consistency up to 3.0% and output consistency of up to 7.0%. The Thickener is driven with motor. Accept material from Thickener is feed to storage chest for storage. The function of Thickener is to dehydrate the pulp stock and increase the consistency. And as such any such type of Thickener meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Technical specifications • Motor specification: 1 HP - 100 HP • Thickener rotation: 2-50 RPM • Wire mesh: 40x45 Storage chest: The thickened pulp from the thickener is passed into the storage chest. The main function of chest is to store pulp, which is received from Thickener. Pulp Consistency in storage chest is up to 7%. The pulp, which is present in chest, kept under continuous agitation to achieve uniform consistency. Chest agitator: Agitator consists of aerofoil type propellers, which are widely used for agitation of fibrous stock suspensions in vertical and horizontal chests. The blade profile 11 prevents the entanglement of long impurities like strings, plastic strips etc. Operating consistency is up to 7%. Refiner: The function of refiner is to increase the degree SR of the pulp. By increasing the degree SR, we can increase the Bursting strength of paper. Length of fiber will reduce by means of abrasion action between discs. Tri disc refiner consists of three discs in which two are fixed and one is moving. Technical specifications • Operating consistency: up to 6% • Motor specification: 20 HP to 500 HP • Disc diameter: 2" - 34" • Inlet pressure: 1.0 to 5.0 Kg/cm2 The function of Refiner is to increase the degree SR. And as such any such type of Refiner meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Storage chest: The main function of chest is to store pulp, which is received from 60 m3 chest. Pulp Consistency in storage chest is up to 7%. The pulp, which is present in chest, kept under continuous agitation to achieve uniform consistency Chest agitator: Agitator consists of aerofoil type propellers, which are widely used for agitation of fibrous stock suspensions in vertical and horizontal chests. The blade profile prevents the entanglement of long impurities like strings, plastic strips etc. Operating consistency is maintained up to 7%. Consistency Regulator and Controller (CRC): 12 The main function of the CRC is to control the consistency and maintain the uniform consistency against set point. The set point consistency material from CRC is feed to machine chest. It will not increase any consistency if the in feed consistency of material is low the set point. If the in feed consistency is higher than set point then dilution water is added through control valve. The control valve get signal from equipment. Chest Specifications Inlet Consistency: 1.0% - 5.0% Outlet Consistency: 0.8% - 4.5% Machine chest: Stock received from CRC is stored in machine chest with set point consistency. Suspension is kept under continuous agitation. Machine chest level always kept under constant head. Chest agitator: Agitator consists of aerofoil type propellers, which are widely used for agitation of fibrous stock suspensions in vertical and horizontal chests. The blade profile prevents the entanglement of long impurities like strings, plastic strips etc. Operating consistency is maintained up to 7%. Constant level box: The main function of constant level box is to maintain constant flow of stock to fan pump. It consist of three compartments, first one is Inlet flow from machine chest pump, second is outlet line to Fan pump and third is overflow line to machine chest. Chemical section: The following chemical are used during manufacturing paper 1) Aluminum Sulphate Ferric Liquid or any acidic organic compound to reduce the pH value of the pulp 2) Rosin or any sizing agent 3) Krofta or any retention aid 13 4) Starch or any strengthening agent 5) Silicates including Magnesium silicate, sodium silicate, calcium silicate, Potassium Silicate, Nano Silicate or any kind of silicate. 6) Urea or Melamine Formaldehyde or Resorcinol Formaldehyde, or any other strengthening agent 7) Formaldehyde or Sodium Benzoate or any kind of preservative 8) HCL or any kind of acid 9) Defoaming agents or deaerators like Aqueous Emulsions, Synthetic Oils, Mineral Oils, etc. 10) Dyes and Pigments Aluminum Sulphate Ferric Liquid: Aluminum sulphate ferric liquid is basically used as a sizing agent, which is important for web formation at the wire table. It also reduces the pH value of the pulp. The pH of the pulp may be 6.5 tp 10.0. With the help of Alum, the pH value is brought down between 5.0 and 7.0. Specifications • pH: 2.0 to 4.0 (10% Solution) • Alumina content: >6% • Specific gravity: 1.25 to 1.40 Alum is dosed at the wet end i.e. in pulper or any of the chest or the suction lines feeding the Head Box. Rosin: Rosin is used as a binder. Rosin is alkaline and it further helps the sizing of pulp and formation of web on the wire table. Specifications • pH: 7.5.0 to 13.0 • Solid content: >30% • Specific gravity: 1.06 to 1.25 Rosin is dosed at the wet end i.e. in pulper or any of the chest or the suction lines feeding the Head Box. 14 Krofta Chemical: • Krofta is used as retention agent. • It improves retention of chemical and fibers on the wire. Krofta Chemical is dosed at the wet end i.e. in pulper or any of the chest or the suction lines feeding the Head Box. Specifications • PH:-4.0 to 7.0 • Viscosity:- > 1200 cps by Brook field Viscometer Starch: Starches are applied in the papermaking process at several stages by several different methods to achieve desired results. Following types of starches and adhesives are used to achieve internal fiber bonding. 1. Potato 2. Corn 3. Guar gum 4. Tapioca 5. Wheat 6. Rice 7. Cassava 8. Sago 9. Tamarind seed 10. British gums 11. Casein 12. Acrylic based 13. Synthetic Adhesive 14. Polyvinyl Acetate 15. Dextrin 16. cationic polymers I5 17. Polyvinylamine 18. Vegetable gums 19. Locust bean gum 20. Polyacrylamide Resins 21.Polyvinylformamide (PVF) / Polyvinylamine Resins (PVAm) 22. Melamine-Formaldehyde Resins 23. Urea-Formaldehyde Resins 24. Epoxidised Polyamide Resins 25. Glyoxalated Polyacrylamide Resins 26. Polyethylenimine (PEI) 27. Polyvinylamines 28. Polysocyanate 29. Dialdehyde starch The starches used are in native, cationic or modified form. 'Starch gel' is prepared and mixed with the pulp. It helps improving ply bond, burst factor, sizing, retention and formation. Starch infusion ratio depends upon which ply bond grade paper is being produced. Starch gel is added into the process in concentrations of 5% to 35% of the total end product weight depending on the required ply bond (internal fiber bonding) range between 300 jules/m2 and 1500 jules/m2 and other dry strength improvement requirements. The starch gel is prepared by cooking the starch along with Gelling Solution before infusion. Method of Preparation of Liquid Starch gel • Take the required amount of normal water (untreated or treated but preferably of lower hardness) in a steam jacketed SS vessel. • Place an agitator or homogenizer. The speed of Agitator / homogenizer to be adjusted according to the amount of starch to be added resulting in a varying viscosity • Depending on the specific plybond strength required in the board, add specified amount of starch (720-1440 kg) Slowly in the vessel with the agitator / homogenizer in ON position 16 • Add 5%-30% of gelling solution as a percentage of starch (with continuous stirring). • The gelling solution is a mix of 200-800 kgs of Silicates, 5-30 kgs of strengthening agent like Urea, 5-35 kgs of Formalin, 0.5-12 kgs of HCL homogenized with the help of stirrer at 30-65° Celsius. • Heat the mixture with the help of steam. Control temperature between 40 -50° for the 1st 30 minutes followed by increasing the temperature between 55 - 65° for the rest of the time period till the mixture gets partially gelatinized. Specifications of starch • PH: 2.0 to 4.0 (10% Solution) • Viscosity: 32 to 60 Sec/50 ml • Moisture: Max 16% • Ash: Max 2.0% • Acidity: 0.80 to 1.0 ml of 0.1 NaoH solution The starch gel is dosed into the pulper or in blending chest or thru suction line of Fan Pump or at the head box or sprayed on the paper web passing thru the wire table. In case of mould machine or former machine, it can be dosed at the wet end. In case of single layer or multi layer wire machine, it can be dosed either of the above mentioned points. On the wire part the excess water is removed from the pulp thru Forming Board, Table rolls, Hydro foils, Low vacuum boxes, Suction boxes and Suction couch. The starch gel, spread uniformly within the pulp, acts as a retention agent and ensures minimum drainage of fiber along the dewatering process. Towards the end of the wire, steam shower is installed with following specifications. Steam Shower Specifications • Steam pressure: 4kg - 7kg • Distance of shower from the wire: 50 mm - 200 mm depending on the GSM and thickness of Core Board and Core Paper • Number of shower: up to 20 • Number of steam holes : 60 - 150 17 Due the steam shower towards the end of the wire, the temperature of Pulp on the wire goes up from 40°C - 48°C to 43°C - 60°C. The partially gelatinized starch within the pulp gets fully gelatinized. The molecular weight of the starch increases and the chain becomes longer. The expanded chain binds the fibers within the pulp and creates a stronger web. This strongly linked web enables extensive hydrogen bonding with fiber surfaces and gives extra bonding strength to the finished Core Board. The mechanism of dry strength improvement by wet-end starch is based on inter-fiber bonding. Here its free glucose hydroxyl groups participate in hydrogen bonding with fiber surface cellulose molecules, which means a chemical hydration of the fiber compound system. Starches provide more uniformly distributed fiber-fiber bonds by hydrogen bonding. Paper Machine Section Pressure screen: Medium consistency vertical centrifugal outward flow type pressure screen is used to disintegrate the lumps present in the pulp. Operating consistency between 0.5 -3.0% with counter sung hole drilled basket. Operating consistency is maintained up to 0.5% -3.0%. The basic purpose of pressure screen is to ensure homogenous mixing of chemicals into pulp and prevent impurities from going on to the main machine. And as such any such type of Pressure Screen meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Head box: To receive the stock supplied by fan pump and evenly distribute across the whole width of the paper m/c. To maintain uniformity of fibrous suspension with the help of holey rolls. Supply of stock on the paper m/c in the form of wider stream of uniform thickness without local flow disturbances to give uniform basis weight, head box can consist of multiple spindles at regular pitch and there is a possibility of adjustment of each spindle for better Cross Direction profile. 18 The basic purpose of Head box is to release the pulp at desired consistency and with minimum turbulence for equal pulp spread across the wire part in cross direction and machine direction and as such any such type of Head box meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Wire part: Its function is to wave and dewater the stock in such a way that paper web formed is sufficient strong to run through the process. A typical wire part consist of six parts from which dewatering takes place. Parts NOS. Consistency Inlet (%) 1. Forming Board 01 - 05 0.50 - 1.80 2. Table rolls 02- 08 2.00 - 3.00 3. Hydro foils 03-09 3.00 - 4.00 4. Low vacuum boxes 02- 10 4.00 - 5.00 5. Suction boxes 03 - 16 7.0- 18.0 6. Suction couch 01 15.0 - 25.0 The basic purpose of Wire Table is to ensure the gradual removal of water from the pulp and web formation. And as such any such type of Wire meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Though the comments explain the process on the wire part, in specific, the end results can also be achieved on any kind of Paper Machines of past or present technologies including single layer and multi-layer wires, former machines, single mould or multi-mould machines, etc. Vacuum System: Paper web after table rolls or stationary drainage elements passes to Hydro foils, low vacuum boxes suction boxes, Suction couch and in press section. Dewatering at each stage takes place under the effect of vacuum created by vacuum pumps continuously. Pumps continuously remove water and air from the box, which is sucked from the web. 19 The basic purpose of Vacuum system is to help release water from the wire table in gradual manner. And as such any such type of Vacuum System meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Press part: The paper web formed on the wire part passes onto press section, Pressing of web on paper m/c follows entering of wet web through the nip of two rolls running under pressure. Under the effect of pressure b/w the two rolls further water removal of paper is obtained and its compactness and strength is increased. Our press part consists of two presses called first press and Second press. The nip load of first press is less compared to second press and also depending upon GSM and thickness of paper. The basic purpose of Press part is removal of water and formation of bulk. And as such any such type of Presses meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Drying process: The paper web formed on the press section passes onto dryer section and the moisture inside the paper is gradually removed thru the steam within dryer. The steam dryers are divided into different groups and they are operated different pressures and temperatures depending on the GSM of the Core Board Core Paper, furnish and chemical composition, environmental conditions, the speed of the machine and the moisture percentage required within Core Board/Paper at the point of winding. The basic purpose of drying process is removal of water from the paper and bring it to desired moisture content before winding. And as such any such type of dryers meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. Calendar section: Calendar is mainly used to achieve the surface finish of paper and required surface finish is obtained by passing paper in single nip or multiple nip. Fine adjustment of calendar pressure is done to have uniformity in thickness of paper. 20 The basic purpose of Calendar Section is surface smoothening. And as such any such type of Calendar meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper. POPE reeler: The function of the POPE reeler is to wind the paper in the semi-finished form at required diameter and deckle size before passing on to the Rewinder and/or slitter for finished product as per customer specifications. The basic purpose of POPE reeler is winding of continuous sheets of paper coming out of dryer and calendar section. And as such any such type of Head box meeting this functionality can serve for the making of Core Board or Core Paper in accordance with this invention. The invention will be described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a graph of the flat crush strength of the spiral wound tube made from the board in accordance with this invention in comparison with conventionally made boards; Figure 2 shows a table representing the values related to the flat crush strength; Figure 3 shows a graph of the incremental flat crush strength of the spiral wound tube made from the board in accordance with this invention in comparison with conventionally made boards; and Figure 4 shows a table representing the values related to the incremental crush strength. While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the steps and reactant compounds of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many permutations and combinations of the process steps and the composition can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred scheme without departing from the principles of the invention. These and other changes in the preferred process steps as well as other steps of the process of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation. 21 Dated this 26tn day of June 2006. Mohan Dewan of R. K. Dewan & Co Applicant's Patent Attorneys 22.

Documents:

1000-mum-2006-abstract-1.jpg

1000-mum-2006-cancelled pages(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-claims(granted)-(07-02-2008).doc

1000-mum-2006-claims(granted)-(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-correspondance-received.pdf

1000-mum-2006-correspondence(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-MUM-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(17-3-2011).pdf

1000-mum-2006-correspondence(ipo)-(09-01-2009).pdf

1000-mum-2006-description (provisional).pdf

1000-mum-2006-drawing(08-12-2006).pdf

1000-mum-2006-drawings.pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 1(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 13(04-04-2007).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 13(17-3-2011).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 18(02-01-2007).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 2(granted)-(07-02-2008).doc

1000-mum-2006-form 2(granted)-(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 26(26-06-2006).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 3(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 3(26-06-2006).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 5(07-02-2008).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 5(08-12-2006).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form 9(19-12-2006).pdf

1000-mum-2006-form-1.pdf

1000-mum-2006-form-2.doc

1000-mum-2006-form-2.pdf

abstract1.jpg