Title of Invention

"3-CARBONYLOXY-1-ALKYL PYRROLIDINIUMS"

Abstract New 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidiniums having the chemical structure of general formula (I) are disclosed; as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
Full Text This invention relates to new therapeutically useful pyrrolidiniums, to some processes for their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
The novel structures according to the invention are antimuscarinic agents with a potent and long lasting effect. In particular, these compounds show high affinity for M3 muscarinic receptors. This subtype of muscarinic receptor is present in glands and smooth muscle and mediates the excitatory effects of the parasympathetic system on glandular secretion and on the contraction of visceral smooth muscle (Chapter 6, Cholinergic Transmission, in H.P. Rang etal., Pharmacology, Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1995).
M3 antagonists are therefore known to be useful for treating diseases characterised by an increased parasympathetic tone, by excessive glandular secretion or by smooth muscle contraction (R.M. Eglen and S.S. Hegde, (1997), Drug News Perspect., 10(8):462-469).
Examples of this kind of diseases are respiratory disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma, cough and rhinitis; urological disorders such as urinary incontinence, pollakiuria, neurogenic or unstable bladder, cystospasm and chronic cystitis; gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, spastic colitis, diverticulitis and peptic ulceration; and cardiovascular disorders such as vagally induced sinus bradycardia (Chapter 7, Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists, in Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 10th edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 2001).
The compounds of the invention can be used alone or in association with other drugs commonly regarded as effective in the treatment of these diseases. For example, they can be administered in combination with p2-agonists, steroids, antiallergic drugs, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors an/or leukotriene D4 (LTD4) antagonists for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of a respiratory disease.
The new pyrrolidiniums of the invention have the chemical structure of formula (I):

(Formula Removed)
B is a phenyl or biphenyl group;
R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a hydroxy, phenyl, -OR5, -SR5, -NR5R6, -NHCOR5, -CONR5R6, -CN, -NO2, -COOR5 or-CF3 group, or a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
or R1 and R2 together form a 5- to 14- membered aromatic ring or a C3-C8 alicyclic ring or a 5- to 10- membered heterocyclic group;
R5and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, or together form a C3-C8 alicyclic ring;
n is an integer from 0 to 4;
A represents a group selected from -CH2-, -CH=CR7-, -CR7=CH-, -CR7R8-, -CO-, -O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O)2- and -NR7-, wherein R7 and R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8alkyl group, or together form a C3-C8 alicyclic ring;
m is an integer from 0 to 8;
R4 represents a C1-C8 alkyl group;
D represents a group of formula i)
(Formula Removed)



wherein
R9 represents a group selected from phenyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl or 3-thienyl;
R10 represent a group selected from phenyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl;
and R11 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy, methyl, or -CH2OH group;
the cyclic groups represented by R9 and R10 being optionally substituted by one or two substituents selected from halogen, straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl, hydroxy, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, -CO2R12or-NR12R13, wherein R12 and R13 are identical or different and are selected from hydrogen and straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups;
X" represents a pharmaceutically acceptable anion of a mono or polyvalent acid; including all individual stereoisomers and mixtures thereof;
wherein said optionally substituted alkyl groups are unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms, hydroxy groups and C1-C8 alkoxy groups and said optionally substituted alkoxy groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atom;
with the proviso that in those compounds wherein B is phenyl, R9 is unsubstituted phenyl, R10 is unsubstitued phenyl or unsubstituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl, R11 is hydrogen or hydroxy, the sequence - (CH2)n - A - (CH2)m - is not one of methylene, ethylene or propylene.
Further objectives of the present invention are to provide pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of said pyrrolidiniums. Also described is the use of compounds of the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases susceptible of being improved by antagonism of M3 muscarinic receptors; processes for preparing said compounds; methods of treatment of diseases susceptible to amelioration by antagonism of M3 muscarinic receptors, which methods comprise the

administration of the pyrrolidinium compounds of the invention to a subject in need of treatment.
Certain 3-pyrrolidinol esters, including some pyrrolidinium derivatives, which fall outside the scope of the present invention, have been disclosed in US 2,956,062.
In the quaternary ammonium compounds of the present invention represented by formula (I), an equivalent of an anion (X") is associated with the positive charge of the N atom. X" may be an anion of various mineral acids such as, for example, chloride, bromide, iodide, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, or an anion of an organic acid such as, for example formate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, citrate, oxalate, succinate, tartrate, malate, mandelate, trifluoroacetate, methanesulphonate and p-toluenesulphonate. X" is preferably an anion selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, sulphate, nitrate, formate, acetate, maleate, oxalate, succinate or trifluoroacetate. More preferably X" is chloride, bromide, trifluoroacetate, formate or methanesulphonate and still more preferably chloride, bromide, trifluoroacetate or methanesulphonate.
As used herein, an alkyl group can be straight or branched, and is typically a lower alkyl group. A lower alkyl group contains 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 6 and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In particular it is preferred that such an alkyl group is represented by a methyl, ethyl, propyl, including i-propyl, or butyl including a n-butyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl group.
Optionally substituted lower alkyl groups mentioned herein include straight or branched alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8, preferably from 1 to 6, more preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms as mentioned above, which may be unsubstituted or substituted in any position by one or more substituents, for example by 1, 2 or 3 substituents. When two or more substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different. The substituent(s) are typically halogen atoms, preferebly fluoride atoms, and hydroxy or alkoxy groups.
Alkoxy groups mentioned herein are typically lower alkoxy groups, that is groups containing from 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 6 and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon chain being branched or straight and optionally substituted in any position by one or more substituents, for example by 1, 2 or 3 substituents. When two or more

substituents are present, each substituent may be the same or different. The r3ubstituent(s) are typically halogen atoms, most preferably fluoride atoms. Preferred optionally substituted alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, trifluoromethoxy and difluoromethoxy.
Cycloalkyl groups and alicyclic groups mentioned herein, unless otherwise specified, typically contain from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Cycloalkyl groups and alicyclic rings of 3 to 6 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. Cycloalkyl groups containing from 3 to 7 carbon atoms include Cycloalkyl groups of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and cycloheptyl.
As used herein an aromatic ring or group typically contains from 5 to 14, preferably 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of aromatic groups include phenyl and naphthalenyl.
A heterocyclic or heteroaromatic group mentioned herein is typically a 5 to 10 membered group, such as a 5, 6 or 7 membered group, containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, S and O. Typically, 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms are present, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms. A heterocyclic or heteroaromatic group may be a single ring or two or more fused rings wherein at least one ring contains a heteroatom. Examples of heterocyclic groups include piperidyl, pyrrolidyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolizinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolizinyl, isoquinolyl, quinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, quinuclidinyl, triazolyl, pyrazolyl, tetrazolyl and thienyl. Examples of heteroaromatic groups include pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, triazolyl and pyrazolyl.
As used herein a halogen atom includes a fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, typically a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom.
B may be unsubstituted or substituted with one, two or three groups (R1 to R3) which may be in any position on the ring.

In the preferred compounds of the invention R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a hydroxy, methyl, tert-butyl, -CH2OH, 3-hydroxypropyl, -OMe, -NMe2, -NHCOMe, -CONH2, -CN, -N02, -COOMe or-CF3 group. In the most preferred compounds R1, R2 and R3 are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or hydroxy.
Typically B is unsubstituted or substituted with one group, for example when B is a phenyl group it may be substituted in the 2, 3 or 4 position. Examples of substituted phenyl groups which may represent B are tolyl including o-, m- and p-tolyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 2-, 3-and 4-hydroxyphenyl and 2-, 3- and 4-fluorophenyl.
Preferred compounds of formula (I) are those wherein n = 0 or 1; m is an integer from 1 to 6, particularly 1, 2 or 3; and A represents a -CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CO-, -NMe-, -O- or -S-group. Most preferred compounds are those wherein A is a -CH2-, -CH=CH- or -O- group.
Further preferred compounds of formula (I) are those wherein the pyrrolidinium group is substituted on the nitrogen atom with a CrC4 alkyl group and another group selected from 3-phenoxypropyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenylallyl, phenethyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl, 2-benzyloxyethyl, 3-phenyiaminopropyi, 3-(methyiphenyiamino)propyi, 3-phenylsulphanylpropyl, 3-o-tolyloxypropyl, 3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl, 3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)-propyl, 3-(naphthalene-2-yloxy)propyl, 3-(naphthalene-1-yloxy)propyl, 3-(2-chlorophenoxy)propyl, 3-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-cyanophenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-cyanophenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-methoxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yloxy)propyl, 3-(2-carbamoylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-dimethylaminophenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-nitrophenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-nitrophenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-acetylaminophenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-methoxycarbonylphenoxy)propyl, 3-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)phenoxy]propyl, 3-(2-hydroxymethylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-hydroxymethylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-hydroxymethylphenoxy)propyl, 3-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-benzyloxypropyl, 6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl or 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyl.
Most preferred are those compounds wherein the pyrrolidinium group is substituted on the nitrogen atom with a C1-C4 alkyl group and another group selected from 3-phenoxypropyl,

2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenylallyl, phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-,4-fluorophenoxy)propyl, 2-benzyloxyethyl, 3-o-tolyloxypropyl, 3-(3-cyanophenoxy)propyl, 3-(methylphenylamino)propyl, 3-phenylsulphanylpropyl, 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyl, 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl, 3-(2-chlorophenoxy)propyl, 3-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yloxy)propyl.
Examples of especially preferred compounds are those wherein the pyrrolidinium group is substituted on the nitrogen atom with a C1-C4 alkyl group and another group selected from 3-phenoxypropyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenylallyl, phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl and 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl.
Further preferred compounds of formula (I) are those wherein D is a group of formula i), ' and wherein R9 is a group selected from phenyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 3-furyl or 2-furyl more preferably phenyl, 2-thienyl or 2-furyl; R10 is a group selected from phenyl, 2-thienyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 3-thienyl, cyclohexyl or cyclopentyl more preferably phenyl, 2-thienyl, cyclohexyl or cyclopentyl; and R11 is a hydroxy group.
The compounds of the present invention represented by formula (I) have at least two chirai centers: one at the carbon atom in position 3 of the pyrroiidinium ring and another at the N atom of the pyrrolidinium ring. Additionally, depending on the nature of group D they may also have an additional chiral center at the carbon atom of this group which is attached to the ester function. Each of these chiral centers may have R- or S-configuration. The single isomers and mixtures of the isomers fall within the scope of the invention.
Since the compounds have one or more chiral centers they may be obtained as pure isomers or as mixtures of the different enantioners or diastereomers.
In the present invention when no indication is given on the configuration of a chiral center, it is to be understood that reference is made to the mixture of all posible isomers at the corresponding chiral center.
When compounds with a specific configuration at a chiral center are meant, this is indicated in the name of the compound as follows:

• when the configuration at the chiral center is known, it is indicated by using the
Cahn-lngold-Prelog nomenclature attaching the letter R or S to the number
specifying the position of the chiral center in the molecule.
• when the chiral center has a specific configuration which is however unknown,
it is indicated by attaching an asterisc (*) to the number specifying the position
of the chiral center in the molecule.
Particular compounds of the invention include:
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl) pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-Ethyl-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-(2-Benzyloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-[3-(3-Cyanophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(naphthalen-1 -yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate 3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(methylphenylamino)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate 3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-ethyl-1-(3-phenylsulphanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate

1-[3-(2-Chlorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(3-
trifluoromethylphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-[3-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)propyl]-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1 -ethyl-1 -[3-(4-
methoxyphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-
tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]-1-
methylpyrrolidinium formate
1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium
chloride
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -ethyl-1 -(3-
phenyisuifanyipropyi)pyrroiidiniurn bromide
Particular mixtures of isomers of the compounds of the invention include:
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide (3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(2-phenoxyethy!)pyrrolidinium
bromide (3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium
bromide (3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium
bromide
(3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium
bromide
(3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-(3-
phenylsulphanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate

(3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cydohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydr/xyacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-(3-phenylsulphanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate (3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-34(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-3-[(2S)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyi-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-[(2S)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-1-[3-(3-Cyanophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(naphthalen-1 -yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-(methylphenylamino)propyl]pyrrolidinium chloride
(3R)-1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride
(3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-1-[3-(2-Chlorophenoxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride
3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-1-(2-Benzyloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide
Individual isomers of the compounds of the invention include:
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)

(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithieh-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(1*,3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1 *,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(1 *,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1) (1*,3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenyla!lyl)pyrro!idinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)
(1*,3S)-1-[3-(4-Fiuorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)
(1*,3S)-1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(1*, 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1 *,3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)

(1*,3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2/phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-ohenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1).
(1*, 3R)-1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2).
(1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1). (1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2).
Also described herein are processes for preparing the novel pyrrolidiniums of formula (I). These compounds may be prepared following two different procedures, illustrated below as method (a) and method (b).
Following method (a), the compounds of formula (I) are obtained by reaction of an alkylating agent of formula R4-W with intermediates of formula (II).
Method a
(Formula Removed)
Following method (b) the compounds of formula (I) are prepared by reaction of an alkylating agent of formula (IV) with intermediates of formula (111).



Method b

(Formula Removed)
In formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), m, n, A, B, D, R1, R2, R3 and R4 and X" are as defined above.
In formulae (IV) and R4-W, W represents any suitable leaving group, such a group X as defined above for the compounds of formula (I). Preferably, W represents a group X. When W represents a group other than X, the quaternary ammonium salt of formula (I) is produced from the product of method (a) or (b) by an exchange reaction according to standard methods to replace the anion W" with the desired anion X".
Methods (a) and (b) may be carried out by known experimental procedures in conventional synthesis, or using solid phase extraction methodologies, which allow the parallel preparation of several compounds .
The diastereomers of compounds of formula (I) may be separated by conventional methods, for example by chromatography or crystallisation.
The intermediates of formula (II) used in method (a) may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (V) with a compound of formula (VI) as shown in method (c) below


Method c

(Formula Removed)
In formulae (II), (V) and (VI), m, n, A, B, D, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above.
The pyrrolidinol esters of formula (II) may be converted to pharmaceutically acceptable salts by methods known in the art. Typically, an ester of formula (II) is treated with an inorganic or organic acid such as oxalic, fumaric, maleic, tartaric, succinic or hydrochloric acid.
The pyrrolidinol esters of formula (II) having one or more asymmetric carbons, include all the possible stereoisomers, single isomers and mixtures of isomers.
The diastereomers of compounds of formula (II) may be separated by conventional methods, for example by chromatography or crystallisation. Certain compounds of formula (II) are novel and are described herein, particularly:
2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-y! ester 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3~yl ester 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1- phenethylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester

The compounds of formula (III), used in method (b), may be prepared by reaction of a Compound of formula (V) with a compound of formula (VII) as described in method (d), illustrated below.
Method d
(Formula Removed)
In the compounds of formulae (V), (III), and (VII), D and R4 are as described above for compounds of formula (I); and L in formula (V) represents a leaving group. For example, L may be a chlorine atom, an imidazol-1-yl group or a lower alkoxy group, such as a methoxy group.
The intermediates of formula (V) may be prepared by methods described in the literature as shown in the experimental section below.
The pyrrolidinol esters of formula (III) having one or more asymmetric carbons, include all the possible stereoisomers, single isomers and mixtures of stereoisomers. The diastereomers of compounds of formula (III) may be separated by conventional methods, for example by chromatography or crystallisation.
The compounds of formula (VI), described in method (c), may be prepared by reaction of an alkylating agent of formula (IV), wherein W is an halogen or a sulphonate ester, with the corresponding pyrrolidinol of formula (VIII), as illustrated in method (e) below.


Method e
(Formula Removed)
In formulae (IV) and (VI) m, n, A, B, R1, R2, R3 and W are as defined above. Certain compounds of formula (VI) are novel and are described herein, particularly:
(3R)-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol
Those compounds of formula (VII), described in method (d), which are not commercially available may be prepared by synthesis according to standard methods, for example by reaction of a compound of formula (VIII) with the corresponding alkylating agent, or by reaction of a compound of formula (VIII) with the corresponding aldehyde and a reductive agent. A particular example is described as method (f) in the experimental part.
Examples of compounds of formula (VIII) which are commercially available are pyrrolidin-3-ol, (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol, (3S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol.
Those compounds of formula (IV), which are not commercially available have been prepared by synthesis according to standard methods. For example, compounds wherein n is 0 and A is one of -O-, -S- or -NR7, wherein R7 is as defined above, were obtained by reaction of the corresponding alcohol, thiol or amine derivative or its sodium or

potassium salt with an alkylating agent of formula Y-(CH2)m-W, wherein W is as defined (above and Y may be a halogen atom or a sulphonate ester. Other examples are compounds of formula (IV), wherein n is at least 1, which were synthesised from the corresponding alcohol derivative of formula (IX) by methods well known in the art.

(Formula Removed)
The following preparation examples are intended to illustrate, but no to limit the experimental procedures described above.
Method (a). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (I) Method (b). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (I) Methoc (c). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (II) Method (d). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (III) Method (e). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (VI) Method (f). A method illustrative of the preparation of compounds of formula (VII)
The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by 1H-NMR and MS. The NMR spectra were recorded using a Varian 300 MHz or a Bruker DPX-250 instrument. Chemical shifts are expressed as parts per million (8) from the internal reference tetramethylsilane. The purity of the compounds was determined by HPLC, using reverse phase chromatography on a Waters instrument. Optical rotations were obtained using a PERKIN-ELMER 241 MC Polarimeter and molecular ions were produced by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry on a Hewlett Packard instrument. Semi-preparative HPLC-MS experiments were performed on a Gilson instrument equipped with a binary pump (Gilson piston pump 321); a vacuum degasser (Gilson 864); an injector-fraction collector (Gilson liquid handler 215); two injection modules, analytical and preparative (Gilson 819); a valve (Gilson Valvemate 7000); a 1/1000 splitter (Acurate by LC Packings); a make-up pump (Gilson 307); a diode array detector (Gilson 170) and a MS detector (a Thermoquest Finnigan aQa, a quadrupole mass spectrometer with ES an APCI ionisation modes). The HPLC-MS instrument was controlled by an IBM PC.

Method (a)
Example 6
Preparation of (3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
0.3 g (0.00069 mol) of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester (Intermediate I-3) were dissolved in 4 ml of acetonitrile and 6 ml of CHCI3. To this solution 3.45 ml (0.00345 mol) of a 1 M solution of methyl bromide in acetonitrile were added. After stirring the mixture at room temperature under N2 atmosphere during 24 h, the solvents were evaporated. Ether was added to the residue and the mixture stirred to obtain a solid. This solid was treated with ether several times, filtered and washed with ether. The yield was 0.34 g (93.2 %) of the title compound as a mixture of two stereoisomers. 1H-NMR: mixture of diastereomers 55:45.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 1.95-2.20 (m, 3H), 2.60-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.94 and 3.10 (s, 3H), 3.20- 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.95 (m, 4H), 5.52 (m, 1H),1 6.90-7.05 (m, 4H), 7.10-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.55 (m, 3H). MS [M-Br]+: 448
Example 9
Preparation of (1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
Example 10
Preparation of (1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
Following the process described in Example 6, 1.6 g of (3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-
ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide, mixture of two
stereoisomers, (compound described in Example 8) were prepared from 2-Hydroxy-2,2-
dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester, Intermediate I-2, and
a 1M solution of methyl bromide in acetonitrile. The resulting compound was purified by
chromatography on silica gel performing a gradient elution using chloroform plus
isopropanol (50 -> 100%) as eluent. Appropiate fractions were combined and evaporated
to give the two title compounds. The structure was confirmed by 1H-NMR.

Diastereomer 1 (first eluted diastereomer)0.628 g (80.1 % based on single isomer) were
obtained.
m.p.: 86.2-89.6°C.
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 1H), 3.0 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.65 (m,
3H), 3.70-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.95 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 2H), 5.54 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 5H),
7.10-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.55 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]: 458
(* Configuration not assigned)
Diastereomer 2 (second eluted diastereomer) 0.559 g (71.3 % based on single isomer).
m.p.:87.1-89.0°C.
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) : δ 2.05-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 1H), 3.15 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.55 (m,
2H), 3.55-3.80 (m, 3H), 3.95 (m, 3H), 5.55 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 5H), 7.05-7.20 (m, 2H),
7.30-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.50 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 458
(* Configuration not assigned)
Method (b)
Example 7
Preparation of 3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
0.66 g (0.002 mol) of 2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid 1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester (Intermediate I-7) were dissolved in 9 ml of CHCI3 and 6 ml of acetonitrile. 1.6 ml of (3-bromopropoxy)benzene (2.15 g, 0.01 mol) were added and the mixture was stirred during 72 hours at room temperature under N2 atmosphere. Solvents were evaporated. Ether was added to the residue and the mixture stirred to obtain a solid. The solid was treated with ether several times, filtered and washed with ether. The yield was 0.75 g (69.4%) of the title compound as a mixture of four stereoisomers. mp: 55.3-56.8 °C.
1H-NMR : mixture of diastereomers 56:44
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.05-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.60-2.80 (m, 1H), 2.96 and 3.12 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.50 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.82 (m, 4H), 3.85-4.0 (m, 2H), 4.0-4.10 (m, 1H), 5.52 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.01 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.52 (m, 3H)

MS [M-Br]+: 458
Example 4
Preparation of (1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-
phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
Example 5
Preparation of (1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-
phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
2 g (0.00618 mol) of 2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester (Intermediate I-5) were dissolved in 40 ml of THF and 1.86 g (0.00927 mol) of (2-
bromoethoxy)benzene were added. The mixture was refluxed during 81 hours and stirred
64 hours at room temperature. During this process 2.46 g more of (2-
bromoethoxy)benzene (0.0122 mol), in several portions, were added. After this time the
reaction mixture was filtered and the solid obtained was washed with THF and ether. This
solid (1.5 g) was treated with THF at reflux temperature during 30 min., filtered without
cooling, and washed with THF and ether to give 0.850 g (52.5%, based on single isomer)
of diastereomer 1.
The mother liquors of the first filtration were refluxed for a further 40 hours. The solid
formed (diastereomer 1) was filtered, and the solution obtained was diluted with ether to
give an oily residue. Solvents were poured off and the oily residue was dissolved in CHCI3.
This solution was evaporated to give 801 mg of a brown foam that was purified by
chromatography on silica gel using CHCI3/isopropanol (50:50) as eluent. Appropiate
fractions were combined and evaporated to give 0.47 g (29 % based on single isomer) of
diastereomer 2.
Diastereomer 1. (First obtained diastereomer)
mp: 198.8-199.4°C
1H-NMR , diastereomer 1, 95:5.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.82 (m, 1H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.90 (m,
5H), 3.95-4.05 (m, 1H), 4.38 (m, 2H), 5.56 (m, 1H), 6.95-7.05 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.20 (m, 2H),
7.30-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.60 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 444
(* Configuration not assigned)
Diastereomer 2. (Second obtained diastereomer)
m.p.: 85.9-87.6°C

1H-NMR: diastereomer 2, 95:5
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.25 (m, 1H),'2.65-2.85 (m, 1H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.72 (m,
1H), 3.78-3.90 (m, 4H), 3.97-4.04 (m, 1H), 4.45 (m, 2H), 5.55 (m, 1H), 6.98-7.03 (m, 5H),
7.12-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.52 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 444
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 11
Preparation of (1*,3R)-1-Methyl-1-phenethyl-3-(9H-xanthen-9-
ylcarbonyloxy)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
Example 12
Preparation of (1*,3R)-1-Methyl-1-phenethyl-3-(9H-xanthen-9-
ylcarbonyloxyjpyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
0.7 g (0.00226 mol) of 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
(Intermediate I-8) were dissolved in 15 ml of THF and 0.63 g (0.46 ml, 0.0034 mol) of (2-
bromoethyl)benzene were added. The mixture was refluxed during 96 hours and stirred
72 hours at room temperature. During this process 1.26 g more of (2-bromoethyl)benzene
(0.92 ml, 0.0068 mol), in several portions, were added. After this time the reaction mixture
was filtered and the solid obtained was washed with THF and ether. The yield was 0.301
g (53.7 %, based on single isomer) of the diastereomer 1. The structure was confirmed by
1H-NMR .
The mother liquors were evaporated and the oily residue (0.450 g) was purified by
chromatography on silica gel performing a gradient elution using chloroform plus
isopropanol (25 -> 85 %) as eluent. Apropiate fractions were combined and evaporated to
give 0.193 g (34.5% based on single isomer) of the diastereomer 2.
Diastereomer 1. (First obtained diastereomer)
mp: 232.3-233.1°C
HPLC: diastereomer 1 , 92.5:7.5
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 2.0-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.55-2.70 (m, 1H), 3.0 (s, 3H), 3.0-3.10 (m, 2H),
3.45-3.75 (m, 5H), 3.85-3.92 (m, 1H), 5.30 (s, 1H), 5.36 (m, 1H), 7.10-7.50 (m, 13H).
MS[M-Br]+:414
(* Configuration not assigned)
Diastereomer 2. (Second obtained diastereomer)
mp: 79.6-81.2°C.

HPLC: diastereomer 2 , 98.8:1.2
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): .δ 2.0-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.55-2.70 (m, 1H), 3.0-3.10 (m, 2H), 3.17 (s, 3H),
3.45-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.75 (m, 3H), 3.85-3.92 (m, 1H), 5.24 (s, 1H), 5.38 (m, 1H), 7.0-
7.15 (m,4H), 7.25-7.50 (m, 9H).
MS[M-Br]+:414
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 29
(3R)-3-{[(9-hydroxy-9H-fluoren-9-yl)carbonyl]oxy}-1-methyl-1-(4-0X0-4-phenylbutyl)pyrrolidinium formate
0.575 g (1.858 mmol) of 9-Hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-
3-yl ester (Intermediate 1-10) and 1.018 g (5.576 mmol) of 4-chloro-1-phenylbutan-1-one
in 6 ml of THF were refluxed for 20 days. After this time THF was poured off, and the
residue was washed with THF in order to eliminate the alkylating agent. The product
obtained (234 mg) was purified by preparative HPLC-MS to give 65 mg (7%) of the title
compound (mixture of two stereoisomers) as a formate.
MS [M-HCOOT: 456.
Conditions used in the purification HPLC-MS:
Column: Symmetry C18, 100 A, 5 µm 19 x 100 mm, Waters.
Mobile phase: A (H2O 0.1% HCOONH
((*): Configuration not assigned). Method (c)
Compounds of formula (V) which are methyl esters may be prepared by standard methods of esterification described in the literature from the corresponding carboxilic acid, or following the procedures described in WO 01 / 04118 A2 , or according to procedures described in literature: FR 2012964; Larsson. L et al. Acta Pharm. Suec. (1974), 11(3), 304-308; Nyberg, K. et al. Acta Chem. Scand. (1970), 24, 1590-1596; Cohen, V.I. et al. J. Pharm. Sciences (1992), 81, 326-329; E. Atkinson et al. J. Med. Chem. (1977), 20 (12), 1612-1617.
Intermediate 1-1

Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester
1.33 g of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester (0.0052 mol) were dissolved in 40 ml of toluene. To this solution were added 1.08 g (0.0052 mol) of (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-15), and 0.104 g (0.0026 mol) of HNa (60% dispersion in mineral oil). The mixture was stirred 30 min at room temperature, refluxed for 45 minutes, and then refluxed with continuous removal of distillate with replacement with fresh toluene when necessary for 1.5 hours. The cooled mixture was extracted with 2N HCI acid, the aqueous layer basified with K2CO3 and extracted with CHCI3. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to yield 1.77 g of an oil which was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with chloroform/ethanol/NH4OH (200:8:1). Appropiate fractions were combined and evaporated to yield 1.22 g of the title product as an oil (54.7%). This product was solidified by formation of the oxalate salt.
2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester oxalate salt: 1.03 g (0.0024 mol) of the free base were treated with oxalic acid (0.216 g, 0.0024 mol) in acetone/ether. A white solid was obtained which was filtered and washed with ether. The yield was 0.91 g (73.4%). m.p. :134°C
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 1.80-1.95 (m, 1H), 2.20-2.35 (m, 1H), 2.90-3.25 (m, 5H), 3.25-3.35 (m, 1H), 4.16 (t, 2H), 5.33 (m, 1H), 6.95-7.0 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.50 (m, 2H). MS [M+1]+: 430
2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester may be prepared as described in Nyberg, K. et al. Acta Chem. Scand. (1970), 24, 1590-1596.
Intermediate I-2
Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester
Prepared as described in Intermediate 1-1 from 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester and (3R)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-16). The yield was 0.85 g (49%) of the title product as an oil. A portion of this product was solidified by formation of the oxalate salt.

2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)/1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester oxalate
salt: 0.3 g (0.000676 mol) of the free base were treated with oxalic acid (0.060g, 0.00067
mol) in acetone/ether. A solid was obtained which was filtered and washed with ether. The
yield was 0.24 g (67%).
m.p.:115.6-117.2°C
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 1.90-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.20-2.40 (m, 1H), 2.90-3.25 (m, 5H), 3.40-3.50
(m, 1H), 4.0 (t, 2H), 5.38 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.0 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H),
7.45-7.50 (m, 2H).
MS[M+1]+:444
Intermediate 1-3
Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-{3-thien-2-
ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester
Prepared as described in Intermediate 1-1 from 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester and (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-17). The yield was 0.83 g (49.1 %) of the title product as an oil. A portion of this product was solidified by formation of the oxalate salt.
2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-y!propyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl ester oxalate salt: 0.3 g (0.00069 mol) of the free base were treated with oxalic acid (0.062 g, 0.00069 mol) in acetone/ether. A solid was obtained which was filtered and washed with ether. The yield was 0.27 g (75%). m.p.: 112.6-114.1 °C
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 1.80-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.20-2.40 (m, 1H), 2.70-3.0 (m, 4H), 3.0-3.30 (m, 3H), 3.40-3.55 (m, 1H), 5.37 (m, 1H), 6.85-7.05 (m, 4H), 7.10-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.40 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.50 (m, 2H), 8-10 (broad band, 3H). MS[M+1]+: 434
Intermediate I-4
Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1- phenethylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester
Prepared as described in Intermediate 1-1 from 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester and (3R)-1-phenethylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-18). The yield was 0.98 g (50.5 %) of the title product. m.p.: 114.3-115.7°C

1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.85-1.95 (m, 1H), 2.20-2.35 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.62 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.82 (m, 6H), 2.85-3.0 (m, 1H), 4.92 (broad singlet, 1H, OH), 5.35 (m, 1H), 6.92-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.35 (m,9H) MS [M+1]+: 414
Method (d)
The preparation of the methyl ester derivatives of formula (V) has been described in method (c).
Intermediate I-5
Preparation of 2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester
1 g of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester (0.0039 mol) was dissolved in 30 ml of toluene. To this solution were added 0.394 g (0.0039 mol) of (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-19), and 0.078 g (0.00195 mol) of HNa (60% dispersion in mineral oil). The mixture was stirred 30 min at room temperature, refluxed for 1 hour, and then refluxed with continuous removal of distillate with replacement with fresh toluene when necessary for 2 hours. The cooled mixture was extracted with 2N HCI, the aqueous layer was washed with a small volume of ethyl acetate, basified with solid K2CO3 and extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated. The yield was 0.73 g (58%) of the title product (structure confirmed by 1H-NMR). This product was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with chloroform/ethanol/NH4OH (200:8:1). Appropiate fractions were combined and evaporated to give the title compound, m.p.: 84°C.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): 5 1.62-1.75 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.32 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.45-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.55-2.70 (m, 2H), 5.18 (m, 1H), 6.95-7.0 (m, 2H), 7.05-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.32 (s, 1H, OH), 7.45-7.50 (m, 2H). MS[M+1]+: 324
Intermediate I-6
Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester

Prepared as described in Intermediate 1-5 from 0.98 g (0.00385 mol) of 2-Hydroxy-2,2-
HJithien-2-ylacetic acid methyl ester in 30 ml of toluene, 0.39 g (0.00385 mol) of (3S)-1-
methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate I-20) and 0.108 g (0.0027 mol) of HNa (60% dispersion
in mineral oil). The yield was 0.31 g (25%) of the title product.
m.p.: 84°C
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ (Equivalent to I-5)
MS [M+1]+: 324
Intermediate 1-7
Preparation of 2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid 1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
Prepared as described in Intermediate I-5 from 2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetic acid
methyl ester and 1 -methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available). The yield was 0.96 g
(30%).
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ(Equivalent to I-5)
MS [M+1]+: 324
Intermediate I-8
Preparation of 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
2 g of 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxyiic acid (0.0088 mol) were dissolved in 30 mi of CHCI3 (ethanol free). The solution was cooled at 0°C and 1.08 ml (0.0123 mol) of oxalyl chloride and a drop of DMF was added. The mixture was stirred and allowed to warm to room temperature. After an hour at this temperature the solvents were evaporated and the residue was dissolved in CHCI3 and evaporated again. This procedure was repeated two times. The solid obtained (2.19 g) was dissolved in 20 ml of CHCI3 and added to a solution of 0.975 g (0.0097 mol) of (3R)-1 -methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-19) in 15 ml of CHCI3 cooled at 0-5°C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in toluene and extracted with HCI 2N. The aqueous layer was basified with K2CO3 and extracted with CHCI3. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to dryness to yield 2.53 g (93%) of the title product as an oil. 1H-NMR (CDCI3):δ 1.65-1.85 (m, 1H), 2.05-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.45-2.60 (m, 1H), 2.60-2.80 (m, 2H), 5.0 (s, 1H), 5.05-5.20 (m, 1H), 7.0-7.25 (m, 4H), 7.25-7.40 (m, 4H). MS[M+1]+:310 This product was solidified by formation of the oxalate salt.

9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester oxalate salt: 2.53 g 0.0082 mol) of the free base were treated with oxalic acid (0.74 g, 0.0082 mol) in acetone/ether. A solid was obtained which was filtered and washed with ether. The yield was 2.48 g (75.8%). m.p.: 155.0-155.8°C. MS[M+1]+:310
Intermediate I-9
Preparation of 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
This compound was prepared as described in Intermediate I-8 starting from 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic and (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate I-20). 9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester oxalate salt was prepared as is described for the oxalate salt of Intermediate I-8.
9H-Xanthene-9-carboxylic acid 1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester (sulphate salt) is described in B.V. Franko et al., J. Med. Pharm. Chem. , (1960), 2 (5), 523-540.
Intermediate 1-10
Preparation of 9-Hydroxy-9H-fiuorene-9-carboxyiic acid (3R)-1-methyipyrroiidin-3-
yl ester
0.980 g (0.0041 mol) of 9-Hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid methyl ester were dissolved in 30 ml of toluene. To this solution 0.412 g (0.0041 mol) of (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-19) and a catalitic amount of Na(0) were added and the mixture was refluxed using a Dean-Stark system for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, and extracted with HCI 2N. The aqueous layer was basified with K2CO3 and extracted with AcOEt (3 x 100 ml). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO4 and evaporated to dryness to yield a residue which was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with chloroform plus isopropanol ( 0%-> 20%). Appropiate fractions were combined and evaporated to give 0.390 g (31%) of the title compound as an oil.
1H-NMR (CDCI3) : δ 7.65 (d, 2H), 7.51 (d, 2H), 7.43 - 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.33 - 7.27 (m, 2H), 5.11 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.59 (m, 1H), 2.26-2.17 (m, 3H), 2.07-1.93 (m, 1H), 1.99(s, 3H), 1.57-1.45 (m, 1H). MS[M+1]+:310

9-Hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid methyl ester was prepared from 9-Hydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid by a standard method of esterification.
Intermediate 1-11
Preparation of 2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid (3R)-1-
methylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
5.0 g (0.021 mol) of 2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid methyl ester were dissolved in 150 ml of dry toluene. To this solution 2.12 g (0.021 mol) of (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-19) and 500 mg (0.021 mol) ofHNa were added and the mixture was refluxed using a Dean-Stark system for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, and extracted with HCI 2N. The aqueous layer was basified with K2CO3 and extracted with AcOEt (3 x 100 ml). The organic layers were combined, dried : over Na2SO4 and evaporated to dryness to yield a residue which was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with chloroform plus isopropanol ( 0%-> 10%). Appropiate fractions were combined and evaporated to give 1.37 g (21%) of the title . product as an oil.
1H-NMR (CDCI3) : δ 7.38 (s, 1H), 6.37 - 6.30 (m, 2H), 5.30 - 5.22 (m, 1H), 2.87 - 2.58 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.10 (m, 3H), 2.36 and 2.32 (s, 3H), 1.93 - 1,62 (m, 4H), 1.38 -1.07 (m, 7H). MS[M+1]+: 308
2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid methyl ester can be prepared according to methods described in WO 01 / 04118 A2
Intermediate 1-12
Preparation of 2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester
1 g (0.0042 mol) of 2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid methyl ester was dissolved in 12 ml of EtOH and 6 ml of a solution of NaOH 2N were added. This mixture was stirred at 60° for 1 hour. After this time, the EtOH was evaporated and the residue was acidified with HCI 10%. The aqueous solution was extracted with AcOEt (2 x 100 ml). The organic layers were combined, dried and evaporated to obtain a residue (2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid) which was used without further purification. The acid obtained was dissolved in dry DMF (12 ml) and 0.817 g (0.005 mol) of 1,1'-carbonildimidazol were added. The mixture was stirred for 1h at room temperature. After this time the sodium salt of 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-ol (prepared by addition of HNa (0.11 g,

0.0046 mol) to a solution of 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-ol (0.531g, 0.0046 mol) in 5 ml of dry UMF) was added. After stirring 15 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was treated with water, and the aqueous phase was extracted with Et20 (2 x 100 ml). The organic phases were combined, washed with water and dried. After removal of the solvent the product obtained was purified by chromatography on silica gel eluting with chloroform plus isopropanol ( 5%-> 15%). The yield was 460 mg (34% related to starting methyl ester) of the title product.
1H-NMR(CDCI3): .δ1.05 -1.45 (m, 10H), 1.60 - 2.10 (m,4H), 2.10- 2.35 (m, 2H), 2.40 - 2.75 (m, 5H), 2.85 - 3.0 (m, 1 H), 3.76 (bs, OH, 1 H), 5.27 (m, 1 H), 6.30 - 6.40 (m, 2H), 7.39(s, 1H). MS[M+1]+:322
2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetic acid methyl ester can be prepared according to methods described in WO 01/ 04118 A2 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-ol is commercially available.
Intermediate 1-13
(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (3R)-1 -methylpyrrolidin-3-yl
ester
0.545 g (0.0025 mol) of (2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid were dissolved in 8 ml of dry DMF. To this solution 0.481 g (0.003 mol) of 1,1'-carbonildiimidazol were added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. After this time, the mixture obtained was added to a suspension of (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol (Intermediate 1-19, 0.531 g, 0.0046 mol) and HNa (0.065 g, 0.0027 mol) in 3 ml of dry DMF. After stirring 26 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was treated with water and extracted two times with Et2O . The organic layers were combined, washed with water and dried. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol 0%-> 10%) to obtain 450 mg (60%) of the title product as an oil.
1H-NMR (CDCI3) : δ 7.60 - 7.56 (m, 2H), 7.29 - 7.15 (m, 3H), 5.19 - 5.11 (m, 1H), 3.77 (bs, OH, 1H), 2.92 - 2.79 (m, 1H), 2.79 - 2.16 (m, 5H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 1.85 - 1.72 (mTlH), 1.61 -1.18(m, 8H). MS [M+1]+: 304

(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid is described in M. Mitsuva et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem.. (1999), 7, 2555-2567.
Intermediate 1-14
(2R)-2-Cyclopentyi-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid 1 -ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl ester
0.655 g (0.00297 mol) of (2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid were dissolved in 8 ml of dry DMF. To this solution 0.580 g (0.0036 mol) of 1,1'-carbonildiimidazol were added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. After this time, the mixture obtained was added to a suspension (cooled at 0°C) of 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-ol (0.390 ml g, 0.0033 mol) and HNa (0.078 g, 0.0033 mol) in 4 ml of dry DMF . After stirring 15 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was treated with water and extracted three times with Et2O . The organic layers were combined, washed with water and dried. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol 0%->5%) to obtain 610 mg (65%) of the title product as an oil.
1H-NMR(CDCI3) : .5 1.05 -1.15 (m, 3H), 1.25- 1.95 (m, 10H), 2.10- 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.40-3.0 (m, 6H), 3.79 (bs, 1H, OH), 5.23 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.36 (m, 3H), 7.65-7.67 (m, 2H). MS[M+1]+ 318
(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid is described in M. Mitsuva et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem., (1999), 7. 2555-2567. 1-ethylpyrrolidin-3-ol is commercially available.
Method (e)
Intermediate 1-15
Preparation of (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol
0.5 g (0.0057 mol) of (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available) were dissolved in 15 ml of acetonitrile. To this solution were added 1 .32 g (0.0065 mol) of (2-bromoethoxy)benzene, 0.095 g (0.00057 mol) of Kl and 1 .57 g (0.01 14 mol) of K2CO3. This mixture was stirred during 72 h at room temperature. The solid was filtered and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. CHCI3 was added to the residue and the solution obtained was washed with water and brine, dried over Na2SO4 and the solvent was evaporated to obtain 1.43 g of an oil. This product was purified by chromatography on

silica gel eluting with chloroform/methanol/NH4OH (90:10:1). The yield was 1.08 g of the itle compound (91.5 %). MS [M+1]+: 208
1H-NMR (CDCI3):δ 1.80 (m, 1H), 2.20 (m, 1H), 2.40 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.75-3.10 (m, 4H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 6.95 (m, 3H), 7.30 (m, 2H). (3R)-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol is described in WO 9625417 A1.
Intermediate 1-16
Preparation of (3R)-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol
Prepared as in Intermediate 1-15 from (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available) and (3-
bromopropoxy)benzene. The yield was 2.26 g (71.3 %) of the title compound.
MS[M+1]+:222
1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.75 (m, 1H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.10-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.60-2.80
(m, 3H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 4.0 (t, 2H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 6.90 (m, 3H), 7.30 (m, 2H).
Intermediate 1-17
Preparation of (3R)-1-(3-thien-2-ylpropyl)pyrrolidin-3-ol
Prepared as in Intermediate 1-15 from (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available) and 2-
(3-bromopropyl)thiophene. The yield was 1.02 g (85%) of the title compound.
MS [M+1]+:212
1H-NMR (CDCI3):δ 1.65-2.0 (m, 3H), 2.10-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.40-2.60 (m, 3H), 2.70 (m, 1H),
2.80-3.0 (m, 3H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 6.80 (m, 1H), 6.90 (m,1H), 7.10 (m, 1H).
Intermediate 1-18
Preparation of (3R)-1-phenethylpyrrolidin-3-ol
Prepared as in Intermediate 1-15 from (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available) and (2-
bromoethyl)benzene. The yield was 0.91g (83.5%) of the title compound.
MS [M+1]+: 192
1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 1.65-1.85 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.90 (m,
5H), 2.90-3.05 (m, 1H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 7.10-7.40 (m, 5H).
1-phenethylpyrrolidin-3-ol is described in Zhu, Y-Q . et al, Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao (1981),
16(3), 199-210.
Method (ft

Intermediate 1-19
Preparation of (3R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol
15 g (0.172 mol) of (3R)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available) were dissolved in 240 ml of MeOH. This solution was cooled to 10-15°C, and formaldehyde (124.5 ml of a 36 % solution in water, diluted with'125 ml of MeOH ) and NaBH4 (16.27 g, 0.43 mol) were added in small portions, alternativately during 1h, maintaining the temperature at 10-15°C. After 20 min the mixture was warmed to room temperature and the reaction continued for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was acidified with HCI 2N, stirred during 20 minutes and neutralised with solid NaHCO3. MeOH and most of the water were evaporated and the residue was diluted with a small quantity of water, basified with solid K2CO3 and exhaustively extracted with CHCI3.The organic phases were combined and dried over Na2SO4. CHCI3 was evaporated to give an oil which was purified by Kugelrohr distillation at reduced pressure (0.2-0.3 mbar, 50-60°C oven) to give 14.91 g (85.6 %) of the title product.
1H-NMR (CDCI3):δ 1.60-1.80 (m, 1H), 2.10-2.40 (m, 5H), 2.40-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.75-2.95 (m, 1H), 4.20-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.40-4.50 (bs, 1H, OH).
A sample of 1 g of this material was treated with 1.5 g of (2R,3R)-tartaric acid in
MeOH/etherto obtain 2.3 g of the tartrate salt [α]D= +10.6° (c=1, H2O)1.
1 [α]22D = +11.1°(c=9.57, H2O), Sleevi et al. J.Med. Chem., (1991), Vol 34, n°4, 1314-
1328).
Intermediate I-20
Preparation of (3S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol
Prepared as in Intermediate 1-19 from 2 g of (3S)-pyrrolidin-3-ol (commercially available). The yield was 1.65 g (71.1%) of a pale yellow oil which was not necessary to purify by distillation .
This material was treated with 2.5 g of (2S,3S)-tartaric acid in MeOH/ether to obtain 3.65
g of the tartrate salt [α]D = -11.3° (c=1, H2O)2.
2[α]22D = -11.5°(c=1,H2O), Sleevi et al. J.Med. Chem., (1991), Vol 34, n°4, 1314-1328).
Also included within the scope of the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions which comprise, as the active ingredient, at least one pyrrolidinium derivative of formula (I)

in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. Preferably the composition is made up in a form suitable for oral administration.
The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluents which are mixed with the active compound or compounds, to form the composition of this invention are well-known per se and the actual excipients used depend inter alia on the intended method of administration of the composition.
Compositions of this invention are preferably adapted for oral administration. In this case, the composition for oral administration may take the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, liquid inhalant, powder inhalant and inhalation aerosol; all containing one or more compounds of the invention; such preparations may be made by methods well-known in the art.
The diluents which may be used in the preparations of the compositions include those liquid and solid diluents which are compatible with the active ingredient, together with colouring or flavouring agents, if desired. Tablets or film-coated tablets may conveniently contain between 1 and 500 mg, preferably from 5 to 300 mg of active ingredient. The inhalant compositions may contain between 1 jag and 1,000µg, preferably from 10 µg to 800 µg of active ingredient. In human therapy, the dose of the compound of formula (I) depend on the desired effect and duration of treatment; adult doses are generally between 3 mg and 300 mg per day as tablets and 10µg and 800 µg per day as inhalant composition.
Pharmacological Action
The results on human muscarinic receptors binding and in the test on bronchospasm in guinea pig, were obtained as described below.
Human muscarinic receptor studies.
The binding of [3H]-NMS to human muscarinic receptors was performed according to Waelbroeck et al (1990), Mol. Pharmacol., 38: 267-273. Assays were carried out at 25°C. Membrane preparations from stably transfected Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells (CHO) expressing the genes for the human M3 muscarinic receptors were used.

f'or determination of IC50l membrane preparations were suspended in DPBS to a final concentration of 89 µg/ml for the M3 subtype. The membrane suspension was incubated with the tritiated compound for 60 min. After incubation the membrane fraction was separated by filtration and the bound radioactivity determined. Non-specific binding was determined by addition of 10-4 M atropine. At least six concentrations were assayed in duplicate to generate individual displacement curves.
Our results show that the compounds of the present invention have high affinities for M3 muscarinic receptors, preferably human muscarinic receptors. Thus, the IC50 of the preferred compounds of the invention is lower than 35 nM. Most preferred compounds, such as the compounds of examples 1 to 8 described below, have an IC50 lower than 20 nM.
Test on bronchospasm in guinea pig
The studies were performed according to H. Konzett and F. Rb'ssler (1940), Arch. Exp. Path. Pharmacol. 195: 71-74. Aqueous solutions of the agents to be tested were nebulized and inhaled by anaesthetized ventilated male guinea pigs (Dunkin-Hartley). Bronchial response to intravenous acetylcholine challenge was determined before and after drug administration and the changes in pulmonary resistance at several time-points were expressed as percent of inhibition of bronchospasm.
The compounds of the present invention inhibited the bronchospasm response to acetylcholine with high potency and a long duration of action.
From the above described results one of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that the compounds of the present invention have excellent M3 antimuscarinic activity and thus are useful for the treatment of diseases in which the M3 muscarinic receptor is implicated, including respiratory disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma, cough and rhinitis; urological disorders such as urinary incontinence, pollakiuria, neurogenic or unstable bladder, cystospasm and chronic cystitis; gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, spastic colitis, diverticulitis and peptic ulceration; and cardiovascular disorders such as vagally induced sinus bradycardia.

The present invention further provides a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a compound of formula (I) for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body by therapy, in particular for the treatment of respiratory, urological or gastrointestinal disease or disorder.
The present invention further provides the use of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a compound of formula (1) for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a respiratory, urological or gastrointestinal disease or disorder.
Further, the compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) can be used in a method of treating a respiratory, urological or gastrointestinal disease or disorder, which method comprises administering to a human or animal patient in need of such treatment an effective, non-toxic, amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I).
Further, the compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutical compositions comprising-a compound of formula (1) can be used in combination with other drugs effective in the treatment of these diseases. For example with 32 agonists, steroids, antiallergic drugs, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors and/or leukotriene D4 (LTD4) inhibitors, for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of a respiratory disease.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples. The examples are given by way of illustration only and are not to be construed as a limiting.
Example 1
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-phenethylpyrrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of four stereoisomers according to method
(b) from Intermediate I-7.
The yield of the final step was 90 mg (30%).
MS [M-CF3COO]+: 428

Example 2
(3R)-3-{2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-phenethylpyrrolidinium
bromide
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of two stereoisomers according to method
(a) from Intermediate I-4. The yield of the final step was 0.31 g (84.7%).
m.p.: 143.7-158.6°C
HPLC: mixture of diastereomers 44:56.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.30 (m, 1HJ, 2.65-2.85 (m, 1H), 3.02-3.15 (m, 2H), 3.05 and
3.23 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.85 (m, 5H), 3.90-4.05 (m, 1H), 5.57 (m, 1H), 6.90-6.95 (m, 1H), 7.0-
7.05 (m, 1H), 7.05-7.22 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.42 (m, 5H), 7.42-7.60 (m, 3H)
MS [M-Br]+: 428
Example 3
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium
bromide
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of two stereoisomers according to method
(a) from Intermediate 1-1. The yield of the final step was 0.47g (81.6%).
m.p,: 54.9-65.3°C.
1H-NMR: mixture of diastereorners 50:50.
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ2.10-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.82 (m, 1H), 3.05 and 3.21 (s, 3H), 3.64-
4.10 (m, 6H), 4.40 and 4.46 (m, 2H), 5.56 (m, 1H), 6.97-7.04 (m, 5H), 7.13-7.17 (m, 2H),
7.33-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.54 (m, 3H)
MS [M-Br]+: 444
Example 4 (described in method (b))
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-5.
The yield of the final step was 0.85 g (52.5 % based on single isomer).
m.p.: 198.8-199.4°C.
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1, 95:5
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.82 (m, 1H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.90 (m,
5H), 3.95-4.05 (m, 1H), 4.38 (m, 2H), 5.56 (m, 1H), 6.95-7.05 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.20 (m, 2H),
7.30-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.60 (m, 3H).

MS [M-Br]+: 444
Configuration not assigned)
Example 5 (described in method (b))
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-5.
The yield of the final step was 0.47 g (29 % based on single isomer).
m.p.: 85.9-87.6°C
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2, 95:5
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.85 (m, 1H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 3.62-3.72 (m,
1H), 3.78-3.90 (m, 4H), 3.97-4.04 (m, 1H), 4.45 (m, 2H), 5.55 (m, 1H), 6.98-7.03 (m, 5H),
7.12-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.52 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 444
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 7 (described in method (b))
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-yiacetoxy)-1-rnethyi-1-\3-phenoxypropy!) pyrro!idiniurn bromide
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of four stereoisomers according to method
(b) from Intermediate 1-7. The yield of the final step was 0.75 g (69.4 %).
m.p.: 55.3-56.8°C.
1H-NMR, mixture of diastereomers 56:44
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.05-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.60-2.80 (m, 1H), 2.96 and 3.12 (s, 3H), 3.40-
3.50 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.82 (m, 4H), 3.85-4.0 (m, 2H), 4.0-4.10 (m, 1H), 5.52 (m, 1H), 6.90-
7.01 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.52 (m, 3H)
MS [M-Br]+: 458
Example 8
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of two stereoisomers according to method (a) from Intermediate I-2. The yield of the final step was 0.21 g (70%). HPLC: mixture of diastereomers 59:41

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.05-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 1H), 3.0 and 3.15 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.50 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.85 (m, 4H), 3.85-4.0 (m, 2H), 4.0-4.10 (m, 1H), 5.55 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 5H), 7.10-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.55 (m, 3H). MS [M-Br]+: 458
Example 9 (described in method (a))
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (a) from
Intermediate I-2.
The yield of the final step was 0.628 g (80.1 % based on single isomer).
m.p.:86.2-89.6°C.
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.10-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 1H), 3.0 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.65 (m,
3H), 3.70-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.95 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 2H), 5.54 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 5H),
7.10-7.20 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.55 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Brf: 458
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 10 (described in method (a))
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (a) from
Intermediate I-2.
The yield of the final step was 0.559 g (71.3 % based on single isomer).
m.p.: 87.1-89.0°C.
1H-NMR: diastereome.r 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.05-2.30 (m, 3H), 2.65-2.80 (m, 1H), 3.15 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.55 (m,
2H), 3.55-3.80 (m, 3H), 3.95 (m, 3H), 5.55 (m, 1H), 6.90-7.05 (m, 5H), 7.05-7.20 (m, 2H),
7.30-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.50 (m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 458
(* Configuration not assigned)

Example 13
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-5.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 2 h .
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CH2CI2 plus isopropanol
30%->80% ) gave 358 mg (44.2%) of the title compound (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.60 - 7.50 (m, 5H), 7.44 - 7.34 (m, 3H), 7.16 - 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.02
-6.98(m, 2H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 6.57 - 6.45 (m, 1HJ, 5.55 (m, 1H), 4.24 (d, 2H), 4.04-3.96
(m, 1 H), 3.74 - 3.64 (m, 3H), 2.97 (s, 3H), 2.79 - 2.67 (m, 1 H), 2.23 - 2.12 (m, 1 H).
MS [M-Br]+: 440
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 14
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-{3-
phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-5.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 2 h .
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CH2CI2 plus isopropanol
30%->80% ) gave 160 mg (19.8%) of the title compound (second eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.58 - 7.49 (m, 5H), 7.45 - 7.36 (m, 3H), 7.18 (dd, 1H), 7.13 (dd,
1H), 7.02 - 6.97 (m, 2H), 6.80 (d, 1H), 6.51 - 6.39 (m, 1H), 5.56 (m, 1H), 4.05 (d, 2H),
3.93 - 3.72 (m, 3H), 3.64 - 3.53 (m, 1H), 3.13 (s, 3H), 2.80 - 2.71 (m, 1H), 2.24 - 2.13 (m,
1H).
MS [M-Br]+: 440
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 16
(1*, 3R)-1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)

The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-5.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 13 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol
10%->90%) gave 187 mg (25%) of the title compound (only eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 8.10-8.04 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.51 (m, 3H), 7.38 (t, 2H), 7.18-7.13 (m,
2H), 7.03-6.99 (m, 2H), 5.53 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.70 (m, 3H), 3.65-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.16 (m, 2H),
2.99 (s, 3H), 2.79-2.64 (m, 1H), 2.22-2.02 (m, 3H).
MS [M-CI]+: 488
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 17
(1*, 3S)-1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-{2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-6.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 11 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gei, eiuent: CHCI3 pius isopropanoi
10%->85%) gave 309 mg (41.5%) of the title compound (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ7.54 - 7.51 (m, 3H), 7.17 - 7.11 (m, 4H), 7.03 - 6.93 (m, 4H), 5.53
(m, 1H), 4.02 (t, 2H), 3.95 - 3.38 (m, 6H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.80 - 2.67 (m, 1H), 2.24 - 2.12
(m, 3H).
MS [M-CIf: 476.
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 18
(1*, 3S)-1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from Intermediate I-6.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 11 days. Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol 10%->85%) gave 62 mg (8.5%) of the title compound (second eluted diastereomer).

1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer iTiot observed).
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.49 - 7.47 (m, 3H), 7.19 - 7.10 (m, 4H), 6.99 - 6.92 (m, 4H), 5.54
(m, 1H), 3.98 - 3.88 (m, 3H), 3.75 - 3.61 (m, 3H), 3.50 - 3.40 (m, 2H), 3.14 (s, 3H), 2.79 -
2.64 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.06 (m,3H).
MS [M-CI]+: 476.
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 19
(1*, 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-
phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-6.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 8 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol
10%->60%) gave 250 mg (31.2%) of the title compound (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed).
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6): δ 7.46-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.29 - 7.13 (m, 5H), 7.10 - 7.05 (m, 2H),
6.96 - 6.92 (m, 2H), 5.45 (m, 1H), 3.85 - 3.77 (m, 1H), 3.71 - 3.31 (m, 5H), 2.87 (s, 3H),
2.71 -2.58 (m, iH), 2.54 (t, 2H), 2.13- 1.90(m, 3H).
MS [M-Br]+: 442
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 20
(1 *, 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-
phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate I-6.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 8 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol
10%->60%) gave 169 mg (20.8%) of the title compound (second eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed).
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.54 - 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.50 (s, OH, 1H), 7.36 - 7.22 (m, 5H), 7.16
(dd, 1H), 7.11 (dd, 1H), 7.03-6.98 (m, 2H), 5.53 (m, 1H), 3.93 - 3.85 (m, 1H), 3.73 - 3.24
(m, 5H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.77 - 2.62 (m, 1H), 2.55-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.18 - 2.09 (m, 1H), 2.03 -
1.89(m,2H).

MS [M-Br]+: 442.
'(* Configuration not assigned)

Example 21
(3R)-1-(2-Benzyloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 1 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-11.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 5 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol
10%^50%) gave 169 mg (53.0%) of the title compound (first eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 1 of stereoisomers
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.62 (m, 1H), 7.37 - 7.32 (m, 5H), 6.43 - 6.39 (m, 2H), 6.01 (s,
OH, 1H),5.43(m, 1H), 4.54 (m, 2H), 3.94 - 3.20 (m, 8H), 3.10-3.05 (d, 3H), 2.76-2.62
(m, 1H), 2.24- 1.90(m, 2H), 1.74 -1.57 (m, 3H), 1.37- 1.11 (m, 7H).
MS [M-Br]+: 442.
Example 22
(3R)-1-{2-Benzyloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 2 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-11.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 5 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CHCI3 plus isopropanol
10%->50%) gave 125 mg (40.0%) of the title compound (second eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 2 of stereoisomers.
1H-NMR (DMSO-dd6): δ 7.58 (s,1H), 7.35 (m, 5H), 6.39 (m, 2H), 6.00 (s, OH, 1H), 5.44
(m, 1H), 4.55 (m, 2H), 3.91 - 3.20 (m, 8H), 3.20-3.04 (m, 3H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.23 - 1.86
(m,2H), 1.65 (m, 3H), 1.38-1.06 (m, 7H).
MS [M-Br]+: 442.

Example 23
(1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-{3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 63 hours.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CH2CI2 plus isopropanol
10%->30%) gave 248 mg (36.6%) of the title compound (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.59 (d, 2H), 7.38 - 7.28 (m, 5H), 6.98 - 6.91 (m, 3H), 5.85 (s, OH,
1H), 5.38 (m, 1H), 4.04 (t,2H), 3.91-3.51 (m, 6H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.98 - 2.84 (m, 1H),
2.71 -2.61 (m, 1H), 2.25-2.07 (m, 3H), 1.59- 1.16(m,8H).
MS [M-Br]+: 438
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 24
(1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-
phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The titie compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature ) was 63 hours.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent: CH2CI2 plus isopropanol
10%->30%) gave 428 mg (62.4%) of the title compound (second eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed).
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.57 (d, 2H), 7.36 - 7.18 (m, 5H), 7.00 - 6.94 (m, 3H), 5.84 (s,
OH, 1H), 5.40 (m, 1H), 4.05-3.42 (m, 8H), 3.13 (s,3H), 2.92 - 2.83 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.63
(m, 1H), 2.20-2.08 (m, 3H), 1.57- 1.13(m,8H).
MS [M-Br]+: 438
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 30
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(methylphenylamino)propyl]pyrrolidinium chloride (mixture 1 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b) from Intermediate 1-11.

The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 27 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%->50% ) gave 130 mg (27%) of the title product (first eluted mixture of stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 1 of stereoisomers
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.21 - 7.15 (m, 2H), 6.74 (d, 2H), 6.64 (t, 1H), 6.42 -
6.39 (m, 2H), 6.00 (s, OH, 1H), 5.43 (m, 1H), 3.90-3.30 (m, 6H), 3.05 - 3.01 (two singlets,
3H), 2.88 (s,3H), 2.73-2.59 (m, 1H), 2.25-1.85 (m, 4H), 1.73 - 1.57 (m, 3H), 1.37-1.06
(m, 7H).
MS [M-CI]+: 455
t
Example 31
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(methylphenylamino)propyl]pyrrolidinium chloride (mixture 2 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-11.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 27 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%->50% ) gave 125 mg (26%) of the title product (second eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 2 of stereoisomers
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.60 (s, 1H), 7.22 - 7.16 (m, 2H), 6.75 (d, 2H), 6.64 (t, 1H), 6.41
(m, 2H), 6.07 (m, OH, 1H), 5.44 (m, 1H), 3.94 - 3.85 (m, 1H), 3.75 - 3.32 (m, 5H), 3.10
(s, 3H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 2.72-2.60 (m, 1H), 2.25-1.85 (m, 4H), 1.73 - 1.57 (m, 3H), 1.37-
1.02 (m, 7H).
MS [M-CI]+: 455
Example 35
3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -ethyl-1 -(3-phenylsulfanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 1 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-12.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 14 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%-> 15%) gave 153mg (29.2%) of the title product (first eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).

1H-NMR: mixture 1 of stereoisomers
/
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.40 - 7.32 (m, 4H), 7.25 - 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.43 - 6.38 (m, 2H), 5.99 (s, OH, 1H), 5.41 (m, 1H), 3.87 - 3.18 (m, 6H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.25-1.90 (m,4H), 1.73-1.58 (m, 3H), 1.36-1.05 (m, 10H). MS [M-Brl]+: 472
Example 36
3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -ethyl-1 -(3-phenylsulfanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 2 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-12.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 14 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%->15% ) gave 226 mg (43.8%) of the title product (second eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 2 of stereoisomers
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.41 - 7.32 (m, 4H), 7.24 (m, 1H), 6.40 (m, 2H), 6.02
-6.00 (two singlets, OH, 1H), 5.42 (m, 1H), 3.88 - 3.80 (m, TH), 3.69 - 3.26 (m, 5H), 3.04
(m, 2H), 2.65-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.25-1.85 (m, 4H), 1.73 - 1.56 (m, 3H), 1.43 -1.02 (m,
10H).
MS [M-Brl]+: 472
Example 37
(1 *, 3R)-1 -[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-
phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 4 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%->20% ) gave 81 mg (27.7 %) of the title product (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.61 - 7.58 (m, 6H), 7.42 - 7.24 (m, 6H), 7.02 (d, 2H), 5.82 (s, OH,
1H), 5.39 (m, 1H), 4.12 - 4.08 (m, 2H), 3.91 - 3.55 (m, 6H), 3.07 (s, 3H), 2.95 - 2.65 (m,
2H), 2.27 - 2.09 (m, 3H), 1.61 -1.17(m, 8H).
MS[M-CI]+:514

(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 38
(1*, 3R)-1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-
phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 4 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
5%->20% ) gave 111 mg (38.3 %) of the title product (second eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed)
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6):δ 7.64 - 7.55 (m, 6H), 7.42 (t, 2H), 7.33 - 7.19 (m, 4H), 7.04 (d,
2H), 5.81 (s, OH, 1H), 5.40 (m, 1H), 4.10 - 4.06 (m, 2H), 3.90 (dd, 1H), 3.80-3.50 (m,
5H), 3.13 (s, 3H), 2.93 - 2.83 (m, 1H), 2.75 - 2.62 (m, 1H), 2.24 - 2.08 (m, 3H), 1.64 -
1.10(m, 8H).
MS[M-CI]+:514
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 33
(1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-
tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 5 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
0%->30% ) gave 93 mg (30.6%) of the title product (first eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 1 (diastereomer 2 not observed).
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.58 (d, 2H), 7.34 (t, 2H), 7.28 - 7.23 (m, 1H), 6.94 (d, 1H), 6.67
6.61 (m, 2H), 5.81 (s, OH, 1H), 5.37 (m, 1H), 3.97 (t, 2H), 3.85 (dd, 1H), 3.79 - 3.30 (m,
5H), 3.04 (s, 3H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 2.67 - 2.62 (m, 5H), 2.16 (m, 3H), 1.70 -1.23 (m, 12H).
MS [M-Br]+: 492
(* Configuration not assigned)

Example 40
(1*,3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
The title compound was obtained as a single isomer according to method (b) from
Intermediate 1-13.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 5 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
0%-»30% ) gave 163 mg (54.4%) of the title product (second eluted diastereomer).
1H-NMR: diastereomer 2 (diastereomer 1 not observed)
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6): δ 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.29 (t, 2H), 7.23 - 7.19 (m, 1H), 6.96 (d, 1H), 6.68
- 6.63 (m, 2H), 5.80 (s, OH, 1H), 5.39 (m, 1H), 3.97 (t, 2H), 3.89 (dd, 1H), 3.78 - 3.30 (m,
5H), 3.11 (s, 3H),2.87(m, 1H), 2.68 - 2.63 (m, 3H), 2.19 - 2.06 (m, 3H), 1.70-1.03 (m,
12H).
MS [M-Br]+: 492
(* Configuration not assigned)
Example 41
3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1 -ethyl-1 -[3-(4-
methoxyphenoxy)propy!]pyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 1 of stereoisomers)
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-14.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 19 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
0%->20% ) gave 202 mg (24.1%) of the title product (first eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 1 of steroisorners
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ7.58 (m, 2H), 7.39 - 7.24 (m, 3H), 6.86 (s, 4H), 5.84 (s, OH, 1H),
5.38 (m, 1H), 3.95 (t, 2H), 3.92-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.69 - 3.27 (m, 7H), 2.91 (m,
1H), 2.60 (m, 1H), 2.07 (m, 3H), 1.59-1.11 (m, 11H).
MS [M-Br]+: 482
Example 42
3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (mixture 2 of stereoisomers)

The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-14.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions:THF, reflux temperature) was 19 days.
Purification by column chromatography (silica gel, eluent CHCI3 plus isopropanol
0%->20% ) gave 384 mg (46.9 %) of the title product (second eluted mixture of
stereoisomers).
1H-NMR: mixture 2 of steroisomers
1H-NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 7.57 (d, 2H), 7.35 - 7.20 (m, 3H), 6.88 (s, 4H), 5.86 (s, OH, 1H),
5.39 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.84 (m, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.74 - 3.30 (m, 7H), 2.88 (m, 1H), 2.59
(m, 1H), 2.13-1.96 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.12 (m, 11H).
MS [M-Br]+: 482
Example 43
(3R)-1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-{2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of two stereoisomers according to method (b) from Intermediate I-5.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 24 days. After this time THF was poured off, and the residue was washed with THF in order to eliminate the alkylating agent. The product obtained (88 mg) was purified by preparative HPLC-MS (using the conditions described in Example 29) to give 30.1 mg of the title compound (mixture of two stereoisomers). MS [M-HCOOT: 488
Example 44
(3S)-3-{2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of two stereoisomers according to method
(b) from Intermediate I-6.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 19 days.
After this time, THF was evaporated, and a portion of the obtained residue was purified
by preparative HPLC-MS (using the conditions described in Example 29) to give 5.0 mg
of the title compound (mixture of two stereoisomers).
MS [M-HCOOT: 474

Example 45
(3R)-1-[3-(3-Cyanophenoxy)propyl]-3-{2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-11.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions: THF, reflux temperature) was 25 days.
After this time, THF was evaporated, and a portion of the obtained residue was purified
by preparative HPLC-MS (using the conditions described in Example 29) to give 65.6
mg of the title compound (mixture of stereoisomers).
MS [M-HCOOT: 467
Example 46
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(naphthalen-1 -
yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium formate
The title compound was obtained as a mixture of stereoisomers according to method (b)
from Intermediate 1-11.
The reaction time for the final step (conditions; THF, reflux temperature) was 25 days.
After this time, THF was evaporated, and a portion of the obtained residue was purified
by preparative HPLC-MS (using the conditions described in Example 29) to give 13.9
mg of the title compound (mixture of stereoisomers).
MS [M-HCOO-]+: 492
The following examples illustrate pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention and procedures for their preparation.
Example 47
Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition: tablets
Formulation:
Compound of the present invention 5.0 mg
Lactose 113.6mg
Microcrystalline cellulose 28.4 mg
Light silicic anhydride 1.5 mg
Magnesium stearate 1.5 mg

Using a mixer machine, 15 g of the compound of the present invention was mixed with 340.8 g of lactose and 85.2 g of microcrystalline cellulose. The mixture was subjected to compression moulding using a roller compactor to give a flake-like compressed material. The flake-like compressed material was pulverized using a hammer mill, and the pulverized material was screened through a 20 mesh screen. A 4.5 g portion of light silicic anhydride and 4.5 g of magnesium stearate were added to the screened material and mixed. The mixer product was subjected to a tablets making machine equipped with a die/punch system of 7.5 mm in diameter, thereby obtaining 3,000 tablets each having 150 mg in weight.
Example 48
Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition: coated tablets
Formulation:
Compound of the present invention 5.0 mg
Lactose 95.2 mg
Corn starch 40.8 mg
Polyvinylpyrrolidone K25 7.5 mg
Magnesium stearate 1.5mg
Hydroxypropylcellulose 2.3 mg
Polyethylene glycol 6000 0.4 mg
Titanium dioxide 1.1 mg
Purified talc 0.7 mg
Using a fluidized bed granulating machine, 15 g of the compound of the present invention was mixed with 285.6 g of lactose and 122.4 g of corn starch. Separately, 22.5 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone was dissolved in 127.5 g of water to prepare a binding solution. Using a fluidized bed granulating machine, the binding solution was sprayed on the above mixture to give granulates. A 4.5 g portion of magnesium stearate was added to the obtained granulates and mixed. The obtained mixture was subjected to a tablet making machine equipped with a die/punch biconcave system of 6.5 mm in diameter, thereby obtaining 3,000 tablets, each having 150 mg in weight. Separately, a coating solution was prepared by suspending 6.9 g of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910, 1.2 g of polyethylene glycol 6000, 3.3 g of titanium dioxide and 2.1 g of purified talc in 72.6 g of water. Using a High Coated, the 3,000 tablets

.prepared above were coated with the coating solution to give film-coated tablets, each having 154.5 mg in weight.
Example 49
Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition: liquid inhalant
Formulation:
Compound of the present invention 400 jag
Physiological saline 1 ml
A 40 mg portion of the compound of the present invention was dissolved in 90 ml of physiological saline, and the solution was adjusted to a total volume of 100 ml with the same saline solution, dispensed in 1 ml portions into 1 ml capacity ampoule and then sterilized at 115 °C for 30 minutes to give a liquid inhalant.
Example 50
Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition: powder inhalant
Formulation:
Compound of the present invention 200 µg
Lactose 4,000 µg
A 20 g portion of the compound of the present invention was uniformly mixed with 400 g of lactose, and a 200 mg portion of the mixture was packed in a powder inhaler for exclusive use to produce a powder inhalant.
Example 51
Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition: inhalation aerosol.
Formulation:
Compound of the present invention 200µg
Dehydrated (Absolute) ethyl alcohol USP 8,400µg 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane(HFC-134A) 46,810µg
The active ingredient concentrate is prepared by dissolving 0.0480 g of the compound of the present invention in 2.0160 g of ethyl alcohol. The concentrate is added to an appropriate filling apparatus. The active ingredient concentrate is dispensed into aerosol container, the headspace of the container is purged with Nitrogen or HFC-134A vapor

(purging ingredients should not contain more than 1 ppm oxygen) and is sealed with valve. 11.2344 g of HFC-134A propellant is then pressure filled into the sealed container.


WE CLAIM:
1 . A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alky!-pyrrolidinium of formula (I):



(Formula Removed)
wherein
B is a phenyl or biphenyl group;
R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a hydroxy, phenyl, -OR6, -SR6, -NR6R9, -NHCOR6, -CONRSR6, -CN, -NO2, -COOR5 or -CF3 group, or a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
or R1 and R2 together form a 5- to 14- membered aromatic ring or a C3-C8 alicyclic ring or a 5- to 10- membered heterocyciic group;
R6and R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, or together form a C3-C8 alicyclic ring;
n is an integer from 0 to 4;
A represents a group selected from -CH2-. -CH=CR7-, -CR7=CH-, -CR7R8-, -CO-, -O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O)2- and -NR7-, wherein R7 and R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 aikyl group, or together form a
C3-C8 alicyclic ring;
m is an integer from 0 to 8;
R4 represents a C,-C8 alkyl group;
D represents a group of formula i)

(Formula Removed)
wherein
R9 represents a group selected from phenyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl or 3-thienyl;
R10 represent a group selected from phenyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl;
and R11 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy, methyl, or -CH2OH group;
the cyclic groups represented by R9 and R10 being optionally substituted by one or two substituents selected from halogen, straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl, hydroxy, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, -CO2R12 or -NR12R13, wherein R12 and R13 are identical or different and are selected from hydrogen and straight or branched, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups;
X" represents a pharmaceutically acceptable anion of a mono or polyvalent acid;
including all individual stereoisomers and mixtures thereof,
wherein said optionally substituted alkyl groups are unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms, hydroxy groups and C1-C8 alkoxy groups and said optionally substituted alkoxy groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atom;
with the proviso that in those compounds wherein B is phenyl, R9 is unsubstituted phenyl, R10 is unsubstitued phenyl or unsubstituted C3-C7 cycloalkyl, R11 is hydrogen or hydroxy, the sequence - (CH2)n - A - (CH2)m - is not one of methylene, ethylene or propylene.
2. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 1, wherein A represents a group selected from -CO-, -O-, -S- and -S(O)-.

3. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein B represents a
phenyl group.
4. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of the preceding claims
wherein R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a
hydroxy, methyl, tert-butyl, -CH2OH, 3-hydroxypropyt, -OMe, -NMe2, -NHCOMe, -CONH2l
-CN, -NO2) -COOMe or -CF3 group.
5. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 4, wherein R1, R2 and R3 each
independently represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or hydroxy.
6. A 3-carbonyloxy-t-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 3 to 6
wherein n = 0 or 1; m is an integer from 1 to 6; and A represents a -CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CO-,
-NMe-, -O- or -S- group.
7. A 3-carbonyioxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 6, wherein A is a -CH2-, -
CH=CH- or -O- group.
8. A 3-carbonyloxy-l-aikyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pyrrolidinium
group is substituted on the nitrogen atom with a C1-C4alkyl group and another group
selected from 3-phenoxypropyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenylallyl, phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyi,
3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl, 2-benzyloxyethyl, 3-o-
tolyioxypropyl, 3-(3-cyanophenoxy)propyl, 3-(methylphenylamino)propyl, 3-
phenylsulphanylpropyl, 4-oxo-4-phenyibutyl, 4-{4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl, 3-(2-
chlorophenoxy)propyl, 3-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)propyl, 3-{4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl and 3-
{benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yloxy)propyl.
9. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 8 wherein the pyrrolidinium
group is substituted on the nitrogen atom with a C1-C4 alkyl group and another group
selected from 3-phenoxypropyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenylallyl, phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyl,
3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl, 3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl and 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl.
10. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alky!-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of the preceding claims
wherein R9 is a group selected from phenyl, 2-thienyl and 2-furyl; R10 is a group selected
from phenyl, 2-thienyl, cyclohexyl and cydopentyl; and R11 is a hydroxy group.

11. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of the preceding claims
wherein X" is chloride, bromide, trifluoroacetate or methanesulphonate.
12. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of the preceding claims
wherein the carbon at the 3-position of the pyrrolidinium ring has R configuration.
13. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyi-pyrrolidiniurn as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein
the carbon at the 3-position of the pyrrolidinium ring has S configuration.
14. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidiniurn as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 wherein
the carbon substituted by R9, R10 and Rt1 has R configuration.
15. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13 wherein
the carbon substituted by R9, R10 and R11 has S configuration.
16. A 3-carbonyloxy~1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
which is a single isomer.
17. A 3-carbony!oxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 1 which is one of:
3~(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien~2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-yiacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2~dithien-2-yiacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl) pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -{-3-phenylaliyl)pynrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-y!acetoxy)~1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-Ethyi-3- trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[6-(4-phenylbutoxy)hexyl]pyrrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
1-(2-Ben2yloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium
trifluoroacetate
1-[3-(3-Cyanophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclohexyi-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate

3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -[3-(naphthalen-1 -
yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidiniumtrifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyciohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-
(methylphenyiamino)propynpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1 -ethyI-1 -{3-
phenylsulphanylpropy!)pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Gyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pynrolidinium
bromide
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-pheny!acetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-(2t4,6-
trimethylphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-[3-(2-Chlorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-
methylpyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-methyi-1-{3-(3-
trifluoromethylphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
1-[3-(Biphenyl-4~yloxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-
methyipyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-[3-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)propyl]-1-
methylpyrrolidiniurn trifluoroacetate
3-{2-Cyctopentyl -2-hydroxy-2 phenylacetoxy) 1 ethyl'1-[3 (4 methoxyphenoxyjpropyi]-
pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Cyclopentyi-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-(5,6,7l8-
tetrahydronaphthaien-2-yloxy)propyi]pyrrolidinium trifluoroacetate
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyl]-1-
methylpyrroiidinium formate
1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium
chloride
3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyf-1 -(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
3-(2-Cyciohexyl-2-fur-2-yt-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-ethyl-1-(3-
phenylsulfanylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
18. A 3-carbony!oxy-1-alky!-pyrrolidinium as claimed in claim 1 which is one of:
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide (3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide

(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyi)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-yiacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yi-2-hydroxyacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-(3-phenylsulphanylpropyl)pyrrolidiniumtrifluoroacetate (3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yi-2-hydroxyacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-{3-phenylsulphanylpropyl)pyrro!idiniumtrifluoroacetate (3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-K2R)-2-Cyclopentyl~2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyH-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrroiidinium bromide
(3R)-3-[(2S)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide
(3S)-3-[(2S)-2-Cyclop6ntyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidin!um bromide
(3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-{3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)propyi]-1-methylpyrroiidinium formate
(3R)-1-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-rnethylpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-1-[3-(3-Cyanophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yi-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-[3-{naphthalen-1-yloxy)propyilpyrrolidinium formate
(3R)-3-(2-Cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-I3-(methyiphenylamino)propyl]pyrrolidinium chloride
(3R)-1-[3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyi-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride
(3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-rnethyl-1-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide

(3R)-1-[3-(2-Chlorophenoxy)propy!]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride
3-[{2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-ethyl-1-[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide
(3R)-1-(2-Benzyloxyethyl)-3-(2-cyclohexyl-2-fur-2-yl-2-hydroxyacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide
19. A 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidiniurn as claimed in claim 1 which is one of:
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -phenethylpyrrolidinium bromide (dlastereomer 1)
(1 *, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-rnBthyl-1-phenethytpyrrolidiniurn bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1- (1*,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(r,3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1 *,3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-yiacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1)
(I'.3R(-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-!-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(r,3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1) (1*,3S)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxyj-1-methyl-l-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1}
(1*. 3R)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenylallyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-1-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl]-3-
(1*,3S)-1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylac©toxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1)
(1*,3S)-1-[3-(4-Fluorophenoxy)propyi]-3-(2-hydroxy-2,2-d!{hien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2)
(1 *, 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide {diastereomer 1)
(1*. 3S)-3-(2-Hydroxy-2,2-dithien-2-ylacetoxy)-1-methyl-1-(3-phenylpropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*,3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenyiacetoxy]-1-methyi-1-(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1) (1 *. 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1 -methyl-1 -(3-phenoxypropyl)pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2)
(1*, 3R)-1-f3-{Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-[(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-rnethylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 1).
(1 *, 3R)-1-{3-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)propyl]-3-t(2R)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxyl-1 -metriylpyrrolidinium chloride (diastereomer 2).
(1*, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy]-1-methyl-1-[3-(5.6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 1). (1 *, 3R)-3-[(2R)-2-Cyc!opentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenyiacetoxy]-1-methyl-1 -[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphtnaien-2-yloxy)propyl]pyrrolidinium bromide (diastereomer 2).
20. A pharmaceutical composition whenever incorporating the 3-carbonyioxy~1-alkyl-
pyrrolidinium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.
21. A combination product comprising
(i) a 3-carbonyloxy-1-alkyl-pyrrolidinium according to any one of claims 1 to 19;
and
(ii) another compound effective in the trearnent of a respiratory, urological or
gastrointestinal disease or disorder, wherein said another compound is a 32
agonist, steroid, antiallergic drug, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor and/or
leukotriene D4 (LTD4) antagonist
for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the treatment of a respiratory disease,
wherein the ratio of (i) and (ii) is as herein defined.

Documents:

3157-DELNP-2004-Abstract-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Abstract-19-05-2008.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-abstract.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Claims-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Claims-19-05-2008.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-claims.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Correspondence-Others-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Correspondence-Others-19-05-2008.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-correspondence-others.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Description (Complete)-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Description (Complete)-19-05-2008.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-description (complete).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Form-1-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-delnp-2004-form-1.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Form-13-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-delnp-2004-form-18.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Form-2-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Form-2-19-05-2008.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-form-2.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Form-3-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-delnp-2004-form-3.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-form-5.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-GPA-(13-02-2008).pdf

3157-delnp-2004-gpa.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-marked up pages of (complete) specification.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-220.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-301.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-304.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-306.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-332.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-401.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-402.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-409.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-request form.pdf

3157-delnp-2004-pct-search report.pdf

3157-DELNP-2004-Petition-137-(13-02-2008).pdf

abstract.jpg


Patent Number 220898
Indian Patent Application Number 3157/DELNP/2004
PG Journal Number 31/2008
Publication Date 01-Aug-2008
Grant Date 10-Jun-2008
Date of Filing 13-Oct-2004
Name of Patentee ALMIRALL PRODESFARMA AG
Applicant Address DORFSTRASSE 38, 6340 BAAR, SWITZERLAND
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 MARIA DOLORS FERNANDEZ FORNER
2 MARIA PRAT QUINONES
PCT International Classification Number C07D 409/14
PCT International Application Number PCT/EP03/03786
PCT International Filing date 2003-04-11
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 200200889 2002-04-16 Spain