Title of Invention

A SCARF

Abstract

A scarf consisting of a first and a second fabric layer (2, 4) which are inteiwoven along the edges (6, 8), the scarf having colors and patterns (18, 20, 22) which are fonned by means of weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) by spaced- lout insertions between warp threads (10, lOa, lOb, 10c) of the same color, characterized in that the warp threads (10, lOa, lOb, 10c) consist of a textured yam composed of chemical fibers, at least a number of the weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) consists of acrylic staple fibers, and the scarf has a lettering region (18) and a picture region (20), the weft threads (12) of which are different in terms of fineness and material.

Full Text

Technical Field The invention relates to a scarf. Such a scarf is suitable, in particular, as a fan"s scarf for associations, clubs, companies and the like. Prior Art Scarves, in particular fan scarves, are known in large numbers. One way of producing such scarves is by knitting a scarf web which is then folded over itself and stitched together along a longitudinal side. Such a scarf then has to be overturned so that the good side is outward. The scarf has soft edges and can be produced from various materials. However, such a scarf has only a very low thread or stitch density, with the result that only rough patterns can be produced. It is not possible to individualize from one scarf to the next. Any fringes have to be produced separately and stitched on at the ends of the scarf Another known way of producing such scarves is by weaving with the warp-and-weft effect. The scarf is produced from two fabric layers which are woven with multicolored warp threads and multicolored weft threads. These layers are interwoven at the edges. The scarves are cut mechanically along the longitudinal edges and stitched over with an overlook seam, in order to prevent fraying. Such scarves produced with the warp-and-weft effect have only low warp density and weft density and therefore make it possible to have only rough pattems with insufficient definition. It is not possible for the scarves to be individualized during the production method. Fringes are formed by means of projecting warp threads in the course of the production of the scarf, but the fringes are ugly since they are multicolored. A scarf of the type initially mentioned is known from IT-1 292 000 A and is illustrated in the present figures 1 to 4. This scarf has single-colored warp threads and the patterning is formed by means of multicolored weft threads by spaced-out insertions between the single-colored warp threads. Such a scarf makes it possible to have patterns with good definition and a good purity of the colors and patterns. Presentation of the Invention The object of the invention is to improve further a scarf of the type initially mentioned. This object is achieved, according to the invention, by: - the scarf as described herein; - the method for producing the scarf as described herein; and - a weaving machine for carrying out the method as described herein. Accordingly the present invention provides a scarf consisting of a first and a second fabric layer which are interwoven along the edges, the scarf having colors and patterns which are formed by means of weft threads by spaced-out insertions between warp threads of the same color, characterized in that the warp threads consist of a textured yam composed of chemical fibers at least a number of the weft threads consists of acrylic staple fibers, and the scarf has a lettering region and a picture region, the weft threads of which are different in terms of fineness and material. The textured warp threads give the scarf attractive full fringes which come close to those of a knitted scarf. Moreover, the scarf itself acquires a fuller handle. Such a scarf may, in principle, be produced from a single web, but it is more advantageous to have at least two-web production on a weaving machine and the separation of the interconnected scarves by means of a separating device. An efficient production of the scarf can thereby be implemented. A weaving machine suitable for producing the scarf is described herein. Advantageous refinements of the invention for the scarf, for the method and for the weaving machine, are described herein. Various textured yams are suitable for the warp threads, such as, for example, tortionally textured yams, shoved and crimped yams, curled monofilaments textured via a knife edge, air jet-textured loop yams and the like. It is particularly preferred, however, to have a yam, which has essentially nontwisted fibers lying open in parallel and which is swirled at defined intervals. Such yams, despite having high stability in the longitudinal direction which is advantageous for fabric stability, nevertheless have a textured bulky appearance which is suitable for the fringes. The swirling of the fibers of the textured yam may fluctuate within wide ranges, but a range of between 0.8 and 1.2 cm is particularly preferred. A wide range is also possible for the fineness of the yam of the warp threads, preferred results being obtained with the fineness of 160 to 180 dtex. Particularly in the case of a yam of the abovementioned type, optimum patteming possibilities with warp entities or weft densities are obtained. Yams composed of chemical fibers of the most diverse possible types may be used for the scarf, the warp threads preferably consisting of polyester or polyamide. Particularly suitable weft threads consist, of acrylic, preferably acrylic staple fibers. Although the patterning of the scarf is formed basically by the weft threads and their spaced-out insertion between the warp threads, it may be expedient, if appropriate, to provide the scarf with an additional weave-related patterning by means of the warp threads. It is possible, admittedly, to produce each fabric layer so as to be individually patterned. A refinement is particularly advantageous, however, since the same weft threads can then be used for both fabric layers for patterning purposes. This affords the further advantage that, by the weft threads being changed from one fabric layer to the other, the individual fabric layers are interconnected in regions, with the result that the scarf acquires some stability which improves the serviceability and handle of the scarf The scarf may have both a word region and a picture region, the weft threads of the two regions being different, the weft threads preferably having greater fineness in the picture region. It is advantageous if the scarf has an individually configurable pattern region, so that such a scarf can be provided during the weaving operation, for example, with the signature of the future user or of a particular idol. The unraveling of the scarf or a reworking of the scarf, for example by the edges being stitched together, can be avoided if the scarf is constructed. The fringes along the transverse edges are formed, by the warp threads. In specific instances, it may be advantageous if the scarf also has fringes along the longitudinal edges. The scarf being constructed roughened, it acquires a full velvet-like appearance and a corresponding pleasant handle and good wearing properties. Accordingly the present invention also provides a method for producing a scarf as described hereinabove, characterized in that at least two scarves are produced in one piece, parallel and next to one another, from two webs on a weaving machine, and the scarves thus connected are separated from one another along the longitudinal edges by means of a separating device. The separation of a plurality of scarves produced, multicolored, may be carried out by means of various separating devices. Thus, a mechanical separating device is possible. A thermal separating device is particularly effective, but usually leaves behind along the cut edges brows which may be sharp-edged and saw tooth-like and, as a rule, have to be eliminated, so that they are not detrimental to the wearability of the scarf for the user. It is particularly advantageous, therefore, in order to separate the webs, to use, an ultrasonic separating device which makes it possible to treat the cut edges even during cutting. To produce the fringes along the longitudinal edges, it is advantageous, not to arrange any warp threads in the region provided for forming the fringes and by means of a separating device to cut the continuous weft threads to the length of the fringes to be formed. In principle, all the separating methods may be carried out in separate operations after the weaving machine, but it is more advantageous if the separating operations are carried out directly on the weaving machine It is also advantageous to subject the scarves to thermosetting after weaving and separation on the weaving machine, in order to eliminate stresses in the fabric "and set the fabric. Advantageously, the scarves can be cut off to the desired length from the running scarf web on the weaving machine. Accordingly the present invention also provides a weaving machine for carrying out the method as described hereinabove, characterized in that it has a jacquard or heddle frame device for shedding, a weft insertion device with a thread selection device, a cloth holding-down device or a temple, a separating device in the longitudinal direction, a cloth take-up and a computer controller. Brief Description of the Drawings The nearest prior art is illustrated in figures 1 to 4 and exemplary embodiments are described below in figures 5 to 9 with the aid of the drawings in which: figure 1 shows a diagrammatical illustration of a known scarf with fringes; figure 2 shows the scarf of figure 1 in a reversed illustration and without fringes; figure 3 shows a detail of the central region of the known scarf in cross section and on a larger scale; figure 4 shows a detail of the edge region of the known scarf in cross section and on a larger scale; figure 5 shows a plan view of the scarf according to the invention; figure 6 shows a detail of the scarf according to the invention in cross section and on a larger scale; figure 7 shows a warp thread on a larger scale; figure 8 shows the two-web production of a scarf with fringes along the longitudinal edges in a diagrammatic illustration; and figure 9 shows a weaving machine for producing the scarf according to the invention in a diagrammatic illustration and in vertical section. Ways of implementing the invention Figures 1 to 4 show the prior art which is also relevant for the present invention and on which the present invention is based. The scarf illustrated in the figures contains a first fabric layer 2 and a second- fabric layer 4 which are interwoven along the longitudinal edges 6 and along the transverse edges 8 and thus form a tube closed all-round. Each of the two fabric layers 2, 4 is formed by single-colored warp threads 10, which are independent of the colours to be produced on the scarf, and by multicolored weft threads 12. As can be gathered particularly from figure 3, the weft threads 12 are inserted, spaced out, between the warp threads 10, that is to say the weft thread, only in the case of specific warp threads 10a, is crossed with these and, in the case of the warp threads 10b located between them, lies over these, that is to say covers the warp threads 10b and lies into the region above the warp threads which are to form the pattern. The weave of the weft threads at the warp threads travels on laterally from pick to pick by the amount of at least one warp thread. The warp threads 10 thus appear on the surface at solely spatial and pre¬programmed intervals and are at the same time dominated by the weft threads, so that the latter indicate the color and pattern of the fabric and force the warp threads into the background. Figure 4 shows a detail of a longitudinal edge 6 of the scarf along which the fabric layers 2, 4 are interwoven. In this case, the weft thread portions 12a of the first fabric layer are connected to warp threads 10 of the second fabric layer 4 and weft thread portions 12b of the second fabric layer 4 are connected to warp threads of the first fabric layer 2. The weft threads determine the color and pattern on the good sides of the fabric layer 2, 4. Along the transverse edges 8, the warp threads 10 are free of weft threads and thus form fringes 14. Preceding from the prior art outlined above, improvements of the present invention, as compared with this prior art, are described in figures 5 to 9. The reference symbols used in figures 1 to 4 are also used below. Figure 5 describes a scarf according to the invention, in which the fabric layers 2, 4 are interwoven along the longitudinal edges 6 and along the transverse edges 8. Along the longitudinal edges, in each case, at least the outer warp threads are designed as adhesive warp threads 10c which connect the crossing weft threads 12 to the warp threads 10. In a similar way, at least the first and the last weft thread along the transverse edges 8 are designed as adhesive weft threads 12c. For illustrative reasons, figure 5 illustrates the adhesive warp threads 10c and the adhesive weft threads 12c at some distance from the verge, but, in actual fact, they form the outer verge of the longitudinal edges 6 and of the transverse edges 8, as may be gathered from figure 6. The warp threads 10 form the fringes 14 along the transverse edges. In the present example, fringes 16 are likewise present along the longitudinal edges 6, said fringes being formed by weft threads 12 which project above the longitudinal edges 6 to the desired length and are free of warp threads. The scarf illustrated in figure 5 has three different pattern regions. A first pattern region 18 is a lettering region which is reserved, for example, for the name of an association, club, company or the like, such as, for example, here, the football club BENFICA. A second pattern region 20 is a picture region which may contain, for example, the coat of arms or other design. The third pattern region 22 is an individual region which may, for example, be changed from scarf to scarf, with the first and second pattern regions 18, 20 otherwise being the same, and may contain, for example. the name of the wearer or the name of a sportsperson or the like. While a rougher screen definition may be envisaged for the first pattern region 18, the second pattern region 20 and the third pattern region 22 require a finer screen definition which can be achieved, for example, by means of thinner warp threads and a higher weft density. It is possible, in principle, for the patterning of the individual fabric layers 2, 4 to be carried out individually for each fabric layer, as shown, for example, by reference to figure 3. It is more advantageous, however, if the patterns of the first fabric layer 2 and of the second fabric layer 4 are combined with one another, so that the pattern-forming weft threads 12d and 12e run, at the end of a pattern part, from one fabric layer to the other fabric layer. As a result, the negative image of the first fabric layer is formed on the second fabric layer, and, at the same time, the fabric layers are connected to one another during the change of the pattern parts, as may be gathered from figure 6. The warp threads are expediently formed from a textured yarn according to figure 7 which has fibers 24 lying essentially open in parallel and connected to one another at specific intervals by swirling 26. These swirlings may have intervals of 0.5 to 5 cm, but an interval of 0.8 to 1.2 cm is preferred. The warp threads may have a fineness of 55 to 550 dtex, but particularly good results have been achieved with finenesses of 160 to 180 dtex. The warp density is 40 to 60, preferably 48 threads per cm. The weft density advantageously amounts, in each fabric layer, to 20 to 3 6 threads per cm. Yarns composed of polyester or polyamide are preferably used as warp threads. Yarns composed of acrylic, preferably of acrylic staple fibers, have proved appropriate for the weft threads. The production of a scarf of the present type may take place from a single web on weaving machines. A two-web and multiweb production of the scarves, as indicated in figure 8, is preferred. Figure 8 shows the two-web production of scarves which have fringes 16 along the longitudinal edges 6. The scarves 28a and 28b are produced in one piece, the weft threads 12 running continuously over both scarves 28a and 28b. In the region where the fringes 16 are to be formed, the warp threads 10 are cut out. A cutting devices 30 cuts the continuous weft threads 12 between the scarves 28a, 28b, in order to obtain the fringes 16 of the desired length. When scarves without fringes 16 along the longitudinal edges 6 are to be produced, the scarves are interwoven and the fabric is severed between the scarves by means of a corresponding cutting device 30. The cutting operation may be carried out by means of a cutting device of the most diverse possible types, such as, for example, by means of mechanical or thermal cutting devices or ultrasonic cutting devices. The latter are preferred, since they make it possible to have a reliable cutting operation and at the same time deliver smooth cut edges, in contrast to a thermal cutting device which directly delivers sharp brows. Figure 9 shows a diagrammatical illustration of a weaving machine for producing the scarves 28a, 28b of figure 8. Warp threads 10 are fed via a warp beam 32 to a shedding device 34. The latter contains a jacquard device 36 which can be controlled according to the pattern by a computer control 38. The jacquard device 36 contains heddles 40 which control the individual warp threads 10 via eyes 42. Weft threads 12 are inserted via a weft insertion device, not illustrated in anymore detail, into the weaving shed 44 opened by the shedding device 34. The weft insertion device is assigned a thread selection device 46 which is connected to the computer control 38 and which feeds threads 48a, 48b, 48c in the desired color to the weft insertion device. By means of a weaving reed 50, the weft threads 12 are beaten up at the cloth verge 52. The weaving reed SO contains reed dents 54 which are arranged in parallel and ensure a parallel guidance of the warp threads 10 in the desired warp thread density. The scarves thus produced run through a temple 56, in order to maintain them at the desired width. The temple 56 is followed by a separating device 30 in order to separate the scarves 28a, 28b from one another, as indicated by reference to figure 8. A cloth take-up 58 ensures the necessary longitudinal tension of the scarves at the weaving machine and take"s them up. A thermosetting device 60 makes the scarves 28a, 28b stress-free before they leave the cloth take-up. A following cross-separation device 62 severs the finished scarves to the desired length. WE CLAIM : 1. A scarf consisting of a first and a second fabric layer (2, 4) which are interwoven along the edges (6, 8), the scarf having colors and patterns (18, 20, 22) which are formed by means of weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) by spaced-out insertions between warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) of the same color, characterized in that the warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) consist of a textured yam composed of chemical fibers, at least a number of the weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) consists of acrylic staple fibers, and the scarf has a lettering region (18) and a picture region (20), the weft threads (12) of which are different in terms of fineness and material. 2. The scarf as claimed in claim 1, wherein the textured yam of the warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) has non twisted fibers which lie open in parallel and which are all swirled for 0.5 to 5 cm, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 cm. 3. The scarf as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) have a fineness of 55 to 550 dtex, preferably 160 to 180 dtex. 4. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein it has a warp density of 40 to 60, preferably 48 threads/cm and, in each fabric layer, a weft density of 20 to 36 threads/cm. 5. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) consist of polyester or polyamide. 6. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, during the color change and pattern change of a pattem part, the weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e) run from one fabric layer (2) to the other fabric layer (4) so as to connect these. 7. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein it has an individually configured pattern region (22). 8. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least the outer wall thread (10c) along the longitudinal edges (6) is an adhesive warp thread (10c) which connects the crossing weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e) and which preferably consists of thermoplastic material. 9. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least the first and the last weft thread (12c) along the transverse edges (8) is an adhesive weft thread (12c) which connects the crossing warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c) and which preferably consists of thermoplastic material. 10. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein it has along its transverse edges (8) fringes (14) formed by means of the warp threads (10, 10a, 10b, 10c). 11. The scarf as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein it has along its longitudinal edges fringes (16) formed by projecting weft threads (12, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e).

Documents:

0091-chenp-2003-abstract.jpg

0091-chenp-2003-abstract.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-claims-duplicate.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-claims.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-correspondence-others.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-correspondence-po.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-description-(complete)-duplicate.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-description-(complete).pdf

0091-chenp-2003-drawings-duplicate.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-drawings.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-form-1.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-form-19.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-form-26.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-form-3.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-form-5.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-other-document.pdf

0091-chenp-2003-pct.pdf