Title of Invention	HYDROENTANGLED TEXTILE AND USE IN A PERSONAL CLEANSING IMPLEMENT
Abstract	A non-woven hydroentangled textile formed in cross-section with a central area of low mass fiber density surrounded on both sides by areas of higher mass fiber density.

Full Text

WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 The invention concerns a new non-woven textile, and use of 5 this textile in a personal cleansing implement. Hydroentanglement is a process utilized to form non-woven fabrics. The conventional process involves delivery of a loose, random assembly of relatively open fibers to a hydroentanglement unit via a series of fiber card machines. 10 The loose, random assembly of fibers is conveyed through a series of high-velocity water jets aimed at curling and entangling the loose assembly of fibers about each other. Entanglement therefore provides strength and dimensional stability. 15 The primary method of structure development to achieve a surface texture occurs on a forming belt or screen onto which the loose fibers are deposited. These forming belts or screens are constructed of woven metal or plastic wires, usually in plain weave configuration. For screens with 2 0 large diameter wires, an open screen structure is created. Water jet forces onto the open screen structures at the wire intersections or knuckles move fiber away creating an opening or aperture in the subsequent non-woven structure. Open areas within the screen permit fiber entangling to 2 5 occur. Hydroentanglement can either consolidate a fibrous web to impart strength, modify surface texture or act as both a web consolidation and surface texturing mechanism. WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 2 - Certain types of personal care products require use of a non-woven substrate. These are applied to the skin delivering a lathering surfactant. In this context, there has been a need for a non-woven substrate with areas of low-5 mass fiber density surrounded by areas of greater-mass fiber density. In particular, a non-woven structure was sought based on a bonded fibrous assembly with improved coverage and loft. In a first aspect, a non-woven hydroentangled textile is 10 provided formed in cross-section with a central area of low mass fiber density surrounded above and below (i.e. sandwiched) by areas of higher mass fiber density. Furthermore, there is provided a personal care cleansing product formed from: 15 (i) a non-woven hydroentangled textile formed in cross- section with a central area of low mass fiber density surrounded above and below by areas of higher mass fiber density; and (ii) a personal cleansing composition comprising 20 lathering surfactant deposited onto, impregnated into or at least being partially enclosed by the textile. Still further, there is provided a process for the manufacture of a non-woven hydroentangled textile which 25 includes: (i) feeding a fibrous screen modifying textile substrate into a hydroentangling unit; WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 3 - (ii) feeding a loose random assembly of fibers into the hydroentangling unit, a portion of the assembly of fibers being deposited over and another portion of the assembly of fibers being deposited under the 5 screen modifying textile substrate thereby forming a layered fibrous assembly; (iii) applying a high velocity water jet to the layered fibrous assembly within the hydroentangling unit; and 10 (iv) transporting a resultant hydroentangled layered fibrous assembly to a drying area. Further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from consideration of the drawing, in which Figure 1 is the sole figure illustrating the process 15 according to the present invention. Now there has been developed a non-woven hydroentangled water-insoluble fabric which is a bonded fibrous assembly with improved coverage and loft. This textile has in cross-section an area of low mass fiber density (apertured) , 20 surrounded by areas of greater mass fiber density on either side. This modified hydroentangled arrangement is achieved by incorporating a screen modifying substrate in the normal hydroentangling process. In this system an apertured screen is utilized to obtain a non-apertured non-woven. 25 Conventional web formation techniques utilize a series of card machines to present a random loose fibrous assembly to the high velocity water jets. A screen modifying substrate labeled by some as a "scrim" according to the present WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 4 - invention is incorporated between two card machines. This results in a layered fibrous assembly comprised of both staple and continuous filament fibers. The presence of the fiber screen modifying substrate allows a certain amount of 5 staple fibers to be entangled with a screen modifying substrate over the forming wire intersections (knuckles). This reduces the aperture forming capabilities"of the forming belt or screen. Some embodiments may utilize four or more card machines and may even have more than one scrim. 10 The fibrous screen modifying substrate can be one comprised of randomly laid bonded continuous fibers. These fibers may be formed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP) , polyamide (PA),"polyethylene (PE) and fiber combinations thereof. The fiber denier may range from about 0.1 to about 15 15, preferably from about 1 to about 7 denier. Substrate basis weight may range from about 5 to about 50 g/m2. 2 preferably from about 10 to about 25 g/m, optimally from about 12 to about 18 g/m2 . A larger mass density above the screen modifying substrate 20 improves product texture. The resultant non-woven structure is thereby comprised of areas of low-mass fiber density surrounded by areas of greater-mass fiber density. Larger mass density below the screen modifying substrate allows greater control in terms of aperture. The basis weight of 25 loose, random assembly of fibers used above the screen 2 modifying substrate may range from about 5 to about 100 g/m, 2 preferably from about 20 to about 60 g/m, optimally from WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 5 - about 35 to about 45 g/m2 . Similarly, the basis weight of loose, random assembly of fibers used below the screen modifying substrate may range from about 5 to about 100 g/m, preferably from about 20 to about 60 g/m2, optimally from 5 about 35 to about 45 g/m2 . Advantageously the total amount of the basis weight of fiber deposited above and below the . central area {screen modifying substrate) may range from 2 about 20 to about 150 g/m, more preferably from about 30 to 2 about 100 g/m2 , and optimally from about 40 to about 85 g/m. 10 In a preferred embodiment, the basis weight above and below the screen modifying substrate may range respectively in a ratio from about 3:1 to about 1:3, preferably about 2:1 to about 1:2, but optimally is substantially identical in a ratio of about 1:1. 15 Advantageously the amount of total basis weight (above and below the central area) to that of the screen modifying substrate may range from about 10:1 to about 1:2, preferably from about 6:1 to about 1:1, optimally from about 4:1 to about 2:1. 2 0 The hydroentangled textiles of the present invention may include a textured pattern, especially on an outer surface which has been in direct contact with the forming belt (screen) . Peak to valley ratios may vary widely. Variation can be a function of the amount of loose random fibers 25 deposited onto the scrim. Other factors include the degree of entanglement energy {water jet pressure against loose WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 6 - random fiber assembly applied prior to the hydroentangling unit) and the aperturing energy (water jet pressure within the hydroentangling unit) . Still further, topography can be dependent upon the size of aperture openings within the 5 forming belt (screen). Forming belts or screens utilized during hydroentangling can be constructed of woven metal or plastic wires usually in plain weave configuration. Forming belts with open screen structures are incorporated during product manufacture. The 10 degree of screen structure openings can be varied to modify product texture and form. Smaller screen structures (or openings) will decrease the variable mass fiber density obtained in product structures. Water jet pressures during the hydroentanglement may range 15 from about 50 to about 5,000 psi, preferably from about 200 to about 3,000 psi, optimally from about 1000 to about 2,000 psi. Figure 1 illustrates the process for producing the non-woven textile according to the present invention. Card machines 20 2, 4 serve as a storage and dispensing reservoir of loose, random fibers (e.g. polypropylene) . A delivery role 6 feeds a non-woven spunlaced web 8 serving as the fibrous screen modifying substrate. This substrate is fed into a hydroentangling unit 10. Simultaneously a stream of loose 25 random fibers 12, 14 are delivered from respective card machines 2, 4 above and below substrate 8. Together the combination entering the hydroentangling unit 10 is a layered fibrous assembly 16. WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 7 - Prior to entering the hydroentangling unit lo, optionally there may be a pre-entangling step wherein water jet pressure is applied to the layered fibrous assembly 16 in order to add strength thereto. Within the hydroentangling 5 unit, the layered fibrous assembly 16 is subjected to a high velocity water spray from jets 18 as the layered fibrous assembly 16 is supported on a forming belt (screen) 20. The forming belt 20 then transports the hydroentangled layered " fibrous assembly to a drying unit 22. Therein water is 10 removed, and the resultant hydroentangled textile is completed. The non-woven textile of the present invention although constructed of a fibrous screen modifying substrate 8 and sandwiched between a random assembly of fibers 12, 14 is 15 considered to be a single layered substrate. The reason is that subsequent to hydroentanglement, the textile cannot be separated into its component parts {i.e. substrate 8 and fibers 12, 14) without destruction of the textile. The basis weight for the textile of this invention may range 20 from about 15 to about 200 g/m2 , preferably from about 60 to about 150 g/m , and optimally from about 80 to about 110 g/m2 . For purposes of this invention, the fibroua screen modifying substrate 8 may be either a spunlace or a Carded/chemically 25 bonded spunbond non-woven water-insoluble material. Sources for the substrate 8 can be spunbonded scrim available from Reemay Corporation of Tennessee, Superior Nonwovens of South Carolina, and PGI Corporation of South Carolina. The loft WO 2004 / 059062 PCT/EP2003/0I3638 - 8 - of textiles according to the present invention may range from a density of from about 0.00 0 05 to about 0.1 g/cm , preferably from about 0.001 to about 0.09 g/cm3 and a thickness from about 0.1 to about 5 cm. 5 As used herein, "non-woven" means that the layer does not comprise fibers which are woven into a fabrirc but the layer, need not comprise fibers at all, e.g. formed films, sponges, foams or scrims. When the layer comprises fiber, the fibers can either be random (i.e. randomly aligned) or they can be 10 carded (combed to be oriented in primarily one direction) . Textiles of the present invention may be utilized as implements in personal care cleansing products which may be appropriate for single use purposes. In these products, the textile may be impregnated or coated with a lathering 15 surfactant and optionally skin conditioners. Representative of this technology are disclosures found in U.S. Patent 6,280,757 (McAtee et al.) , U.S. Patent 5,98o;931 {Fowler et al.), WO 00/42961 (Smith) and WO 01/08542 (cen et al.), all herein incorporated by reference. 20 Alternatively, the textile can be incorporated into a sachet with at least one wall of the sachet formed from a textile of the present invention, and optionally other walls of the sachet formed from a variety of other water-insoluble woven or non-woven fabrics. A lathering surfactant and oDtionally 25 conditioners may in dry particulate form be enclosed within the sachet. These products are exemplified and described in U.S. Patent 6,063,390 (Farrell et al.) herein incorporated by reference. WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 9 _ An advantage of textiles according to the present invention in the context of personal cleansing sachets or pillows as described in U.S. Patent 6,063,390 is that powdered surfactant and other powdered ingredients are prevented 5 during dry storage from escaping through apertures in the textile. These apertures are sufficiently small to retain powder, but sufficiently large to allow water to penetrate the sachet to activate surfactant and other ingredients : {such as effervescent compounds) in the personal cleansing 10 wash process. Additionally, the textile of the present invention on its outer surface exhibits a looser high loft structure with advantages for enhancing lathering of the surfactant and a softer feel when rubbed on the skin. A preferred embodiment of a personal cleansing article using the textile of the present invention is one which includes: (i) an effervescent cleansing composition capable of generating foam upon contact with water; and 20 (ii) a pouch formed of first and second water-insoluble substrates, at least one being water permeable, the first and second water-insoluble substrates forming therebetween an area housing the cleansing composition, and at least one of the substrates being a textile of construction according to the present invention. Effervescent cleansing compositions which may be deposited into the pouch of the pillow typically include a first component which is an acidic material, and a second component which is an alkaline material. The acidic 30 material is preferably citric acid, and the alkaline WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 10 - material is preferably a bicarbonate such as sodium bicarbonate. Amounts of the acid and alkaline materials may each range from about 1 % to about 80 %, preferably from about 15 % to about 40 % by weight of the total composition 5 within the sachet. A wide" variety of lathering surfactants may be used with the textile of this invention in any of its personal cleansing embodiments. Useful lathering surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium lauroyl 10 sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl taurate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium alkyl amido propyl betaine, sodium C14-C16 olefin sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate and any combinations thereof. The lathering surfactants may be of the anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic varieties and any 15 combinations thereof. Amounts of the surfactant may range from about 0.1 % to about 3 0 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 25 %, optimally from about 8 % to about 20 % by weight of the total composition placed onto or in combination with the textile in personal cleansing products. 20 Conditioners, whether water-soluble or water insoluble or combinations thereof, may be included in the composition used with the textile implement according to the present invention. Suitable conditioners may include natural or synthetic esters, silicone oils, hydrocarbons, starches, 25 fatty acids, cationic polymers and mixtures thereof. Typically the conditioners may range in amount from about 0.1 % to about 35 % by weight of the total composition. WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 11 -Examples Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material ought to be 5 understood as modified by the word "about". The term "comprising" is meant not to be limiting to any subsequently stated elements but rather to encompass non-specified elements of major or minor functional importance. In other words the listed steps, elements Qr options need 10 not be exhaustive. Whenever the words "including" or "having" are used, these terms are meant to be equivalent to "comprising" as defined above. Example 1 Personal cleansing pillows were constructed similar to those 15 described in WO 03/022230, the entire content of which is specifically herein incorporated by reference. A powder similar to that described under Table II of the aforementioned patent application was placed as a powdered substance within the pouch of the pillows. A water-20 permeable wall of the aforementioned pillow was constructed with a non-woven hydroentangled textile according to the present invention. This example correlates the Air Permeability of hydroentangled textiles with different weight ratios of fiber for high (total above and below) to 25 low mass fiber density areas, and to evaluate Lather Release. For these experiments, the amounts of high mass WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 12 - density fiber was about equivalent in the areas above and below the low mass density fiber of the central area. Sample Weight Ratio (high/low) Total Weight (g/m2) Air Permeability* I 3 82 266 II 2.5 71.5 477 III 1.5 51 678 IV 4 102 371 V 4.1667 103 348 VI 2.875 102 250 VII 3.375 61 52 9 * Measured according to ASTM D737-96. 5 Lather Release was measured in the following manner. A thermometer was attached to a sink faucet to read water temperature. The temperature of the water was then adjusted to 100°F (38°C) and maintained at that temperature. A sample pillow was taken in hand, and placed in a stream of 10 water for 3 seconds. The pillow was rotated in the hands so that both sides of the pillow would be exposed. Again the pillow was held in the water stream for another 3 seconds. As the pillow left the water stream, a timer was set to measure length of time required for full lather release. 15 These times were noted and visual observations recorded. "Lather Release" was rated on the following scale: Very good =0.2 seconds and represents full Lather Release instantaneously on both sides of the pillow; moderate billowing pressure should be 20 noted; WO 2004/059062 PCT/EP2003/013638 - 13 - Good = 1-2 second with full Lather Release on both sides of the pillow; Fair = 2-4 seconds with slower Lather Release and different release rates seen from one side to 5 another ,- Poor = 3-6 seconds with slow Lather Release, and • high billowing internal pillow pressure. The above procedure for each sample was repeated for 3-5 pillows of the same type. A combination of time and 10 consensus from an expert panel based on the above procedure was utilized to provide the Lather Release description in the Table below. Sample Air Permeability Lather Release I 266 Poor II 477 Good III 678 Very Good IV 371 Fair V 348 Fair VI 250 Poor VII 529 Very Good Best Performance was achieved with Samples III and VII, 15 These correlated with the highest level of Air Permeability. Consequently, the non-woven textile of the present invention should have a structure with an Air Permeability above 250, preferably at least 300 and optimally at least 500. The preferred range is from about 300 to about 1,000. It is to 2 0 be noted that if the system becomes too Air Permeable, a A personal cleansing article comprising: a) a non-woven hydroentangled textile formed in cross-section with a central area surrounded on both sides by areas of higher basis weight; and (to) a personal cleansing composition comprising a lathering surfactant deposited onto, impregnated into or at least being partially enclosed by the textile. The article according to claim 1 wherein the lathering surfactant is present in amount from 0.1 co 30% by weight of the composition. The article according to claims 1 or claim 2 wherein the personal cleansing composition further comprises from 0.1 % co 35* by weight of a water-soluble or water-insoluble skin conditioning agent. The article according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the personal cleansing composition further comprises effervescent ingredients capable of generating a foam upon contact wich water. The article according to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the eftervescent ingredients comprise an acid and a bicarbonate salt. The article according to any of claims 1 to S wherein the areas of higher basis weight on both sides relativo to 15 the central area have a. basis weight ratio ranging from 10:1 to 2:1. The article according to claim s whs-rein the ratio ranaes from 6:1 to 2:1. The article according to any of the preceding claims having Air permeability ranging from 300 to 1,000. The article according to any of the preceding claims wherein the central area has a basis weight in the range trom 5 to 50 g/m3 and the areas of higher basis weight on both sides have basis weights in the range from 5 to 100 g/W . The article according to any of uhe preceding claims wherein -he central area has a basis weight in the range from 1C to 2S g/m2 and the areas of higher basis weight on both sides have basis weights in the range from 20 to 60 g/m2. The article according to any of the preceding claims wherein the central area has a basis weight in the range from 12 to 18 g/m2 and the areas of higher basis weight on both side^ have basis weights in the range from 35 to RAJU KUMAR (of S Majumdar & Co) Applicant"s Agent 16 J6819 FORM - 2 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) & The Patents Rules, 2003 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See Section 10 and Rule 13) HYDROENTANGLED TEXTILE AND USE IN A PERSONAL CLEANSING IMPLEMENT HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED, a company incorporated under the Indian Companies Act, 1913 and having its registered office at Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai -400 020, Maharashtra, India The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Documents:

663-mumnp-2005-abstract1.jp2

663-mumnp-2005-assignment.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-claims(cancelled).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-claims-epo.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-claims.doc

663-mumnp-2005-claims.pdf

663-MUMNP-2005-CORRESPONDENCE(8-2-2012).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-correspondence(ipo).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-correspondence.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-description(granted).doc

663-mumnp-2005-description(granted).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-drawing.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form 2(granted).doc

663-mumnp-2005-form-1.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-18.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-2(granted).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-2(title page).pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-3.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-5.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-form-pto-1449.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-general power of attorney.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-other.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-pct-examination report.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-pct-ib-306.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-pct-ipea-409.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-pct-ipea-416.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-pct-isa-210.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent and trademark office-08-11-2005.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent and trademark office-20-01-2005.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent and trademark office-21-08-2003.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent and trademark office-22-07-2005.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent-17-10-2005.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-us-patent-21-06-2005.pdf

663-mumnp-2005-wo-international publication report-a1.pdf