Title of Invention

A GREASE COMPOSITION AND A METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME

Abstract The present invention relates to a grease composition comprising a base oil and a thickener, which grease additionally comprises from 0.05% to 30% by weight of sodium thiosulphate and at least 0.1 % by weight of one or more additives (A) selected from the group comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium sulphonate, based on the total grease composition. The invention also relates to a method of preparing the same.
Full Text

The present invention relates to a grease composition and a method of preparing the same. The grease composition has improved rust prevention and abrasion resistance properties.
Extreme pressure greases have many uses, because of their excellent abrasion resistance and their ability to withstand loads, for example in bearings and gears in the automobile, iron and steel, railway, and various other, industrial mechanical devices.
Typical extreme pressure grease compositions are in general those which contain, in various types of grease, additives such as olefin sulphides, sulphides of fats and oils, sulphur-phosphorus-based extreme pressure agents, molybdenum disulphide, organomolybdenum compounds, lead compounds and zinc dithiophosphate.
Recent art has disclosed grease compositions containing sodium thiosulphate, which have excellent extreme pressure properties: in the Specifications of Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No.3-131690 and Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 11-35965.
However, the abrasion resistance in these prior art documents is unsatisfactory and there is the further possibility that rusting will be induced because sodium thiosulphate has the property of absorbing moisture. In particular, since bearings and gears of steel equipment and foodstuff machinery are lubricated under conditions where there are large quantities of water, the production of rust is promoted and problems with respect to lubrication are readily produced.

It is therefore highly desirable to be able to provide grease compositions in which the extreme pressure properties of grease compositions which contain sodium thiosulphate are retained well, whilst the production of rust is inhibited and abrasion resistance is also improved.
The present invention provides a grease composition comprising a base oil and a thickener, which grease additionally comprises from 0.05% to 30% by weight of sodium thiosulphate and at least 0.1% by weight of one or more additives (A) selected from the group comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium sulphonate, based on the total grease composition.
In a preferred embodiment, the grease composition of the present invention further comprises at least 0.1% by weight of a benzotriazole compound (B) , based on the total grease composition.
In the grease compositions according to the present invention, the thickener may be agents such as urea compounds, lithium soaps, lithium complex soaps and aluminium complex soaps, which may be used singly or as mixtures. In addition to compounds having urea bonds, the urea compounds may naturally be compounds containing both urea bonds and urethane bonds. Diurea, triurea and/or tetraurea thickener may be conveniently used. Urea-imido compounds may also be conveniently employed as thickeners.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, from 2 to 35% by weight of thickener is used, based on the total grease composition.
The base oils used according to the invention may employ vegetable oils; mineral oils; and synthetic oils, such as ester oils, ether oils and hydrocarbon oils.

example, Desilube 88, Desilube Technology Incorporated, USA) .
The amount of sodium thiosulphate added is preferably in the range of from 0.2% to 20% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.2% to 10% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.2% to 8% by weight and most preferably in the range of from 0.5% to 6% by weight, based on, the total grease composition.
Preferably, the one or more additives (A) selected from the group comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium sulphonate are each present in an amount in the range of from 0.1% to 5% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.2% to 3% by weight, based on the total grease composition.
The benzotriazole compound (B) is preferably present in an amount in the range of from 0.1% to 5% by weight, more preferably in the range of from 0.2% to 3% by weight, based on the total grease composition.
When there is less than 0.1% by weight of the aforementioned additive (A), the rust prevention effect is inadequate and, when there is less than 0.1% by weight of the aforementioned additive (B), the abrasion resistance promoting effect is inadequate.
When there is more than 5% by weight of either additive, there is limited or no further increase in their effects.
Examples of the aforementioned benzotriazoles (B) include 1,2,3-benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-[2'-hydroxy-3'-

(3", 4", 5", 6"-tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl.) -5' -methylphenyl]benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tertiary-butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2' -hydroxy-5'-tertiary-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2- (2' -hydroxy-3' , 5' -di-tertiary-amylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-[2-hydroxy-3,5-
bis(a,a-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl]-2#-benzotriazole and 2-(2' -hydroxy-3'-undecyl-5' -me"thylphenyl)benzotriazole.
The grease composition of the present invention may further comprise additional additives, for example, antioxidants, such as amines and phenols; extreme pressure additives, such as olefin sulphides and fat and oil sulphides; extreme pressure/abrasion resistance agents, such as phosphites and phosphates; thickeners, such as polybutenes and polymethacrylates; solid lubricants, such as boron nitride and molybdenum disulphide; and various other additives.
Grease compositions according to the present invention may be prepared either by pre-mixing the sodium thiosulphate, one or more additives (A) selected from the group comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium sulphonate and any further additives to be incorporated in base oil and adding the mixture to a base grease comprising base oil and thickener, or by incorporating each additive into the base grease individually. This may be achieved via hot or cold mixing followed by homogenisation to ensure uniform dispersion of additive components.
The grease composition of the present invention may be conveniently employed in bearings, gears and joints such as constant velocity joints.
The invention will now be described with reference to the following Examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

EXAMPLES
Preparation of Grease Compositions
The Example and Comparative Example greases were obtained according to the formulations given in Tables 1 to 9 by adding the additives corresponding to the aforementioned (A) and (B), or other additives, to the base greases and treating these with a three-roll mill. The compositions of the base greases are given below.
I. Urea Base Grease
Diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (295.2 g) and octylamine (304.8 g) were reacted in purified mineral oil
(kinematic viscosity, approximately 15 mm^/s at 100°C; 5400 g); the urea compound obtained was dispersed uniformly, so that a urea base grease of consistency 289 (at 25°C, 60W) and dropping point 263°C was obtained. The urea compound content was 10% by weight.
II. Lithium Soap Base Grease
A lithium soap base grease of consistency 268 (at 25°C, 60W) and dropping point 199°C was obtained by dispersing lithium 12-hydroxystearate (600 g) uniformly, by dissolving it, in purified mineral oil (kinematic
viscosity, approximately 15 mm^/s at 100°C; 5400 g). The lithium soap content was 10% by weight.
III. Lithium Complex Soap Base Grease
12-Hydroxystearic acid (350 g) and lithium hydroxide
(50.5 g) were reacted in a purified mineral oil
(kinematic viscosity, approximately 11 mm^/s at 100°C; 4165 g), after which a compound lithium soap base grease of consistency 281 (at 25°C, 60W) and dropping point 259°C was obtained by reacting azelaic acid (120.65 g) and lithium hydroxide (59.0 g) and by uniform dispersion

treatment. The lithium complex soap content was 10.4% by
weight.
IV. Aluminium Complex Soap Base Grease
Benzoic acid (158.22 g) and stearic acid (334.8 g) were dissolved 'in purified mineral oil (kinematic
viscosity, approximately 11 mm^/s at 100°C; 4272 g), after which a compound aluminium soap base grease of consistency 279 (at 25°C/ 60W) and dropping point 258°C was obtained by carrying out a reaction by adding commercial cyclic aluminium oxide propylate lubricating fluid [Trade Name: Arugoma (Algomer) , manufactured by Sengen Fain Kemikaru (Sengen Fine Chemicals) K.K.]; the soap produced was treated to uniformly disperse it. The aluminium complex soap content was made 11% by weight. The molar ratio of the benzoic acid (BA) and the stearic acid (FA) was taken as BA/FA = 1.1:1 and the molar ratio of the benzoic acid plus stearic acid to the aluminium was taken as (BA + FA)/Al = 1.9:1.
The rust prevention, extreme pressure and abrasion properties were ascertained by carrying out rust prevention tests (humidity tests) and four-ball tests (EP tests and abrasion resistance tests). Humidity tests
Samples of the greases were uniformly coated onto the whole surface of test pieces, in such a way that the amount of the grease coated onto the surface of a test piece was 0.30 g ± 0.05 g, as prescribed according to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) K2220 5.17 humidity tests. The steel plates to which a grease had been applied were suspended in a humidity cabinet at a temperature of 49°C and a relative humidity of at least 95% and the degree of rusting after 2 weeks was expressed as a JIS K2246 grading.


EP Tests
Expansion loads (N) were tested by four-ball tests according to ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) D2596. Test Conditions:
Abrasion Resistance Tests
The diameters of abrasion marks on the balls used in the four-ball tests were measured according to ASTM D22 66. Test Conditions: Rate of rotation: 1200 ± 50 rpm
Additives
In the Tables below, *1 to *10 are as follows:
Desilube 88, *1, is a Trade Name of Desilube Technology Incorporated, for an inorganic S-P additive containing sodium thiosulphate.
The products below correspond to the aforementioned 'additive (A) according to the invention.
SAP001, *2, is a Trade Name of Infineum Limited, for calcium salicylate.

SAP007, *3, is a Trade Name of Infineum Limited, for magnesium salicylate.
OLOA219, *4, is a Trade Name of Oronaito Japan (K.K), for calcium phenate.
NA-SUL 729, *5, is a Trade Name of King Industries Incorporated for calcium sulphonate.
The products below correspond to the aforementioned additive (B) according to the invention.
BT-120, *6, is a Trade Name of Shirokita* Kagaku (Shirokita Chemicals) (K.K.) for 1,2,3-benzotriazole.
The following are additives other than (A) and (B) .
NA-SUL ZS, *7, is a Trade Name of King Industries Incorporated for zinc sulphonate.
Dailube Z-500, *8, is a Trade Name of Dainippon Inki Kagaku Kogyo (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) (K.K), for zinc naphthenate diluted in mineral oil (5% of zinc metal) .
NA-SUL SS, *9, is a Trade Name of King Industries Incorporated for sodium sulphonate.
NA-SUL 7 07, *10, is a Trade Name of King Industries Incorporated for lithium sulphonate.



















Effects of the Invention
As is clear from the Examples in Tables 1 to 5 and the Comparative Examples in Tables 6 to 9, the grease compositions according to the invention in which the aforementioned additives (A) are added to grease compositions into which sodium thiosulphate has been compounded have excellent extreme pressure properties and their rust prevention performance is greatly increased. Grease compositions in which the aforementioned additives (A) and the aforementioned benzotriazole compounds (B) are added to greases into which sodium thiosulphate has been compounded also have excellent extreme pressure and rust prevention properties and additionally have excellent abrasion resistance. The increase in abrasion resistance is particularly marked in urea greases, lithium soap greases and lithium complex soap greases. Sodium thiosulphate has been recognised for a long time as a foodstuff additive and, since it is also known as a detoxifying agent, it is an additive which is not only gentle on the human body, but also on the global environment. The compositions according to the invention are therefore excellent greases which are compatible with the environment.



WE CLAIM:
1. A grease composition comprising a base oil and a thickener, which grease
additionally comprises from 0.05% to 30% by weight of sodium thiosulphate and at least 0.1% by weight of one or more additives (A) selected from the group comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium sulphonate, based on the total grease composition.
2. The grease composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said one or more additives (A) are each present in an amount in the range of from 0.1% to 5% by weight, based on the total grease composition.
3. The grease composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said one or more additives (A) are each present in an amount in the range of from 0.2% to 3% by weight, based on the total grease composition.
4. The grease composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said composition comprises at least 0.1% by weight of a benzotriazole compound (B), based on the total grease composition.

5. The grease composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein said benzotriazole compound (B) is present in an amount in the range of from 0.1% to 5% by weight, based on the total grease composition.
6. The grease composition as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein said benzotriazole compound (B) is present in an amount in the range of from 0.2% to 3% by weight, based on the total grease composition.

7. The grease composition as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein said
benzotriazole compound (8) is selected from 1,2,3-benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-
methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2-[2'-hydroxy-3,-(3", 4", 5", 6"-
tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl)-5'-methylphenyl]benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-
tertiary-butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tertiary-
octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2,-hydroxy-3'55t-di-tertiary-amylphenyl)benzotriazole92-
[2-hydroxy-3,5-bis(a,a-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole and 2(2'-hydroxy-
3'-undecyl-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole.
8. The grease composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the thickener is one or more urea compounds, one or more lithium soaps and/or lithium complex soaps, or one or more aluminium complex soaps.
9. A method of improving rust prevention and abrasion resistance with the grease composition claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method of preparing a grease composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
wherein sodium thiosulphate and one or more additives (A) selected from the group
comprising calcium salicylate, magnesium salicylate, calcium phenate and/or calcium
sulphonate, are pre-mixed and the mixture added to base grease comprising base oil
and thickener, or wherein sodium thiosulphate and said one or more additives (A) are
incorporated individually into said base grease.


Documents:

228-chenp-2003-abstract.pdf

228-chenp-2003-claims duplicate.pdf

228-chenp-2003-claims original.pdf

228-chenp-2003-correspondnece-others.pdf

228-chenp-2003-correspondnece-po.pdf

228-chenp-2003-description(complete) duplicate.pdf

228-chenp-2003-description(complete) original.pdf

228-chenp-2003-form 1.pdf

228-chenp-2003-form 26.pdf

228-chenp-2003-form 3.pdf

228-chenp-2003-form 5.pdf

228-chenp-2003-other documents.pdf

228-chenp-2003-pct.pdf


Patent Number 205985
Indian Patent Application Number 228/CHENP/2003
PG Journal Number 26/2007
Publication Date 29-Jun-2007
Grant Date 13-Apr-2007
Date of Filing 06-Feb-2003
Name of Patentee M/S. SHELL INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B. V
Applicant Address BYLANDTLAAN 30, NL-2596
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 OZAKI ,TAKAHIRO, SHINODA ,NORIAKI FRONTIER BUILDING , 2-3-2 DAIBA, MINATO-KU,TOKYO 35,
2 NOKAZAWA,KOUICHI FRONTIER BUILDING , 2-3-2 DAIDA, MINATA-KU TOKYO 35
PCT International Classification Number CIOM141/00
PCT International Application Number PCT/EP01/09347
PCT International Filing date 2001-08-10
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 242911/00 2000-08-10 Kazakhstan