Title of Invention

A GASKET FOR A FLUID SYSTEM, A FLUID CONNECTION AND A COMPRESSOR SYSTEM HAVING SAID GASKET

Abstract A gasket for a fluid system, said gasket comprising: (a) a sheet of deformable material enclosed within an outer periphery, said outer periphery defining outwardly extending portions having concave segments between adjacent pairs of said outwardly extending portions; (b) fastener holes formed through said gasket, said fastener holes disposed in said outwardly extending portions of said gasket; and (c) a central opening disposed within an inner periphery of said gasket, said inner periphery of said gasket characterised in that it has a double curvature, in a first instance being curved around said central opening and in a second instance being curved toward said central opening.
Full Text FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
[39 OF 1970]
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [See Section 10 and Rule 13]
A GASKET FOR A FLUID SYSTEM, A FLUID.CONNECTION AND A COMPRESSOR SYSTEM HAVING SAID GASKET"
WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION, of 1001 Air Brake Avenue, Wilmerding, Pennsylvania 15148, United States of America, a Delaware company,
The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:-

The present invention relates to a gasket for a fluid system, fluid connection and a compressor system having said gasket.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The compressors employed in airbrake systems used in locomotives generally liave air pressure connections having rectangular flanges with gaskets clamped therebetween. A prior art flange and gasket as employed in a locomotive air comp'ressor is shown in Figure 1. The flange 10 includes a port 11 for fluid communication with an air conduit (not shown) . Flange 10 has a plurality of holes 14 to accommodate bolts for attaching flange 10 to a similar flange (not shown) which receives the compressed air. The prior art gasket 12 is compressed between flange 10 and a second flange (not shown) by tension in the bolts to prevent air loss between the flanges. A plurality of holes 15 are provided for the bolts. The air pressure in port 11 presses outward on inner edge 16 of gasket 12. This pressure is sufficient to cause tensile stresses at regions island 20 of gasket 12 and compressive stresses at region 22. These stresses tend to cause failure of gasket 12.
SUMMARY OP THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention is. a gasket for a fluid system containing a pressurized fluid. The fluid system includes' a first rectangular flange having a first port for communicating the pressurized fluid to a second port in a second rectangular

flange. The first flange is attached to the second flange by a predetermined number of fasteners passing through first flange fastener holes in the first flange and through second flange fastener holes in the second flange. The gasket consists of a i sheet of deformable material enclosed within an outer periphery. The outer periphery defining outwardly extending portions with concave segments between adjacent pairs of such outwardly extending portions. The gasket has a plurality of gasket fastener holes disposed in the outwardly extending portions. A central opening is
Idi disposed within an inner periphery of the gasket. Such inner periphery is curved toward the central opening. The central opening enables passing the pressurized fluid from the first port to the second port. When the gasket is assembled between the first flange and the second flange to seal between the first flange and
ii the second flange and the fluid system contains the pressurized fluid, a pressure of the fluid exerted on the inner periphery of the 'gasket is at least in part reacted by hoop tension in the gasket.
In another aspect, the present invention is a fluid connection
for connecting a first fluid passage in a first pressure
containment structure to a second fluid passage in a second pressure containment structure. The fluid connection has a first flange having a first port. The first flange being for attachment to the first pressure containment structure so that the first port
p$ is in fluid communication with the first fluid passage. The fluid connection also has a second flange having a second port. The


second flange being for attachment to the second pressure
containment structure so that the second port is in fluid
communication with the second fluid passage. A gasket is disposed
between the first flange and the second flange to seal between the
first flange and the second flange. A plurality of fasteners
compress the gasket between the first flange and the second flange. The gasket has a central opening defined within an inner periphery of the gasket, the inner periphery being curved toward the central opening. The central opening provides fluid communication between
the first port and the second port. The gasket has a plurality of outwardly extending portions having gasket fastener holes enclosing the fasteners and it has an outer periphery having concave portions between adjacent pairs of the outwardly extending portions so that an area of the gasket is substantially less than an area of the
ii first flange and is substantially less than an area of the second flange.
In another aspect, the invention is a compressor system for supplying compressed air. It has at least one pressure connection having rectangular flanges and a gasket clamped between the flanges
to prevent air loss between the flanges. The gasket has a round central opening and a periphery with concave portions.
OBJECTS OP THE INVENTION It is therefore one of the primary objects of the present invention to provide a gasket for locomotive air compressors which
is less prone to failure than prior art gaskets.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gasket for locomotive air compressors which resists air pressure by hoop tension in an inner portion of the gasket.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a $ gasket for locomotive air compressors which eliminates localized stress concentrations.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a gasket for locomotive air conpressors which does not rely on friction between the clamping flanges to react the forces due to pressure on the gasket.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an improved combination of flange and gasket for pressurized fluid systems which provides high clamping pressures on the gasket.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a gasket for pressurized fluid systems in which stresses in the gasket due to the fluid pressure are minimized.
Still yet another object of the present invention is to
provide a gasket for pressurized fluid systems having square
flanges in which stresses in the gasket due to the fluid pressure
are minimized.
Yet still another object of the present invention is to provide a gasket and flange combination for pressurized fluid systems in which the clamped area of the gasket is minimized to increase clamping pressure. Yet an additional object of the present invention is to provide a gasket and flange combination for pressurized fluid

system which presents a smooth continuous surface to the fluid to reduce turbulence in the fluid.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a gasket for a fluid system, said gasket comprising:
(a) a sheet of deformable material enclosed within an outer periphery, said outer periphery defining outwardly extending portions having concave segments between adjacent pairs of said outwardly extending portions;
(b) fastener holes formed through said gasket, said fastener holes disposed in said outwardly extending portions of said gasket; and
(c) a central opening disposed within an inner periphery of said gasket, said inner periphery of said gasket characterised in that it has a double curvature, in a first instance being curved around said central opening and in a second instance being curved toward said central opening.
The present invention also provides a fluid connection having the aforesaid a gasket, said fluid connection for connecting a first fluid passage in a first pressure containment structure to a second fluid passage in a second containment structure, said fluid connection being provided with:

(a) a first flange having a first port, said first flange for attachment to said first pressure containment structure so that said first port is in fluid communication with such first fluid passage
(b) a second flange having a second port, said second flange for attachment to said second pressure containment structure so that said second port is in fluid communication with such fluid passage;
(c) said gasket disposed between said first flange and said second flange to seal between said first flange and said second flange.
The present invention also provides a compressor system having the aforesaid gasket, said compressor system having a pressure connection joins a low pressure cylinder to a low pressure conduit leading to an intercooler.
In addition to the various objects and advantages of the present invention which have been generally described above, there will be various other objects and advantages of the invention that will become more readily apparent to those persons who are skilled in the relevant art from the following more detailed description of the invention, particularly, when the detailed description is taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures and with the appended claims.

Figure i is a perspective view of a prior art rectangular flange and gasket.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a rectangular flange with a presently preferred embodiment of the gasket of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the gasket of the invention illustrated in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is. a plan view of a rectangular flange and the presently preferred gasket of the invention.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a rectangular flange for attachment to the flange of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a side view of a pressure connection employing the flanges and gasket of Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 7 is a plan view of a gasket and flange combination which accommodates six fasteners.


Figure 8 is a plan view of a flange for attachment to the flange of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a side view of the flange of Figure 8 attached to the gasket and flange of Figure 7. Figure 10 is an isometric view of a compressor system according to the present invention.
Figure 11 is a cutaway view of the compressor system shown in
Figure 10 and showing an aftercooler outlet.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY
PREFERRED AND VARIOUS ALTERNATIVE
EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Prior to proceeding to the much more detailed description of
the present invention, it should be noted that identical components
which have identical functions have been identified with identical
reference numerals throughout the several views illustrated in the drawing figures for the sake of clarity and understanding of the invention.
Attention is now directed to Figure 2 and 3 which show a rectangular flange 10 and a gasket, generally designated 30,
according to the presently preferred embodiment of the invention. Gasket 3 0 has an outer periphery 36 which encloses four outwardly extending portions 38 having fastener holes 15. Outer periphery 36 has concave segments 3 7 between adjacent pairs of the outwardly extending portions 38. Preferably, concave segments 37 are
substantially arcuate. These concave segments 37 serve to reduce the area of gasket 30. In the presently preferred embodiment, the fastener holes 15 in gasket 3 0 are disposed on the corners 33 of a

square 31, seen in Figure 2. Such a gasket is employed for the case in which flange 10 is square.
Gasket 30 has a central opening 32 disposed within an inner periphery 34 of gasket 30. Inner periphery 34 is curved toward central opening 32. In the presently preferred einbodiment shown, central opening 32 is circular. A person skilled in the art will recognize that fluid pressure exerted in an outward direction on inner periphery 34 of gasket 3Q is, at least in part, reacted by hoop tension along tension lines 40, which are seen in Figure 2.
10 Figures 4,5 and 6 show a fluid pressure connection, generally designated 80, consisting of flange 10 attached to a like flange 50 with gasket 3 0 disposed therebetween. Fasteners 13, preferably bolts, pass through flange fastener holes 14 and gasket fastener holes 15. Fasteners 13 compress gasket 3 0 between flange 10 and
flange 50.
In use, flange 10 and flange 50 are usually welded to or formed integrally with fluid containment structures. Figure 6 shows flange 10 welded to first conduit 64 having first passage 63, and it shows flange 50 welded to second conduit 74 having second
?p passage 73. Port 11 in flange 10 communicates with the first passage 63 and port 51 in flange 50 communicates with second passage 73. Preferably, central opening 32 in gasket 30 (Figure 3) has the same diameter as ports 11 and 51 in flanges 10 and 50, respectively
E5 The amount of clamping force available from the fasteners is limited by the size and grade of the fasteners. Therefore, to

increase the clamping pressure on gasket 3 0 (Figure 3) , its area is
reduced so as to be substantially less than the areas of flanges 10
and 50. That is the purpose of the concave segments 37 in the
outer periphery 36 of gasket 30. Preferably, when a gasket 30,
according to the present invention, is used to replace a specific
prior art gasket 12 (Figure 1) , the area of gasket 3 0 should be less than or equal to the area of gasket 12.
Attention is now directed to Figures 7, 8 and 9. Figure 7 shows a flange 60 having holes 14 for fasteners 13 and a gasket 66
having holes 15 for fasteners 13 . Preferably, the fastener holes 14 and 15 are located on corners 69 of a regular polygon 68. In the embodiment shown, polygon 68 is a regular hexagon. Preferably, holes 14 in flange 60 and holes 15 in gasket 66 are round. In Figure 9, a fluid pressure connection, generally designated 90, is
shown, which employs flange 60 and gasket 66 assembled with the flange 70. Typically, flange 60 is attached to the first fluid pressure containment structure 64 so that port 61 in flange 60 communicates with first fluid passage 63. Flange 70 is attached to second fluid pressure containment structure 74 so that port 71 in
flange 70 communicates with second fluid passage 73,
To provide a seal between flange 60 and flange 70, gasket 66 is clamped therebetween by bolts 13. To increase the clamping pressure, outer periphery 75 of gasket 66 has concave portions 67. Gasket 66 has an inner periphery 34 enclosing central opening 32.
Central opening 32, preferably, is circular. It permits fluid communication between port 61 in flange 60 and port 71 in the

flange 70, so that first fluid passage 63 communicates with second fluid passage 73.
Figure 10 shows a presently preferred embodiment of - the invention, which is a compressor system, generally designated 100. $ Compressor system 100 has low pressure cylinders 102 and 103. Low pressure cylinder 102 has inlet 104 to which an air filter {not shown) would be attached. Low pressure cylinder 102 has outlet 106 which employs rectangular flanges 10 and SO, and gasket 30 according to the present invention. Air from outlet 106 of low
pressure cylinder 102 is received by low pressure conduit 108 which conveys the air to intercooler 110. Inlet 109 of intercooler 110 likewise preferably employs the square flanges 10 and 50 as well as gasket 30, according to the present invention. Outlet 112 of intercooler 110 also preferably employs square flanges 10 and 50 as
i$ well as gasket 30, according to the present invention. A T-shaped piping connection 114 receives air from intercooler 110 and a second intercooler ill which receives air from a second low pressure cylinder 103.
The T-shaped piping connection 114 supplies air to inlet 116
of high pressure cylinder 118. Inlet 116 of the high pressure cylinder 118, preferably, also employs flanges 10 and 50 as well as gasket 30 of the present invention. Outlet 120 of high pressure cylinder 118 also, preferably, employs square flanges 10 and 50 as well as gasket 30, in accordance with the present invention. High
pressure conduit 121 conveys air from high pressure cylinder 120 to inlet 122 of aftercooler 124. Inlet 122, preferably, also employs

square flanges 10 and 50 as well as gasket 30, according to the present invention.
Figure 11 shows a view of compressor system 100 which has some portions cut away to show internals of low pressure cylinders 102 and 103 and the high pressure cylinder 118. This figure also shows an outlet 126 of aftercooler 124. Outlet 126, preferably, also employs square flanges 10 and 50 as well as gasket 30, according, to the present invention.
While a presently preferred and various additional alternative embodiments of the instant invention have been described in detail above in accordance the patent statutes, it should be recognized that various other modifications and adaptations of the invention may be made by those persons who are skilled in the relevant art without departing from either the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.


WE CLAIM:
1. A gasket for a fluid system, said gasket comprising:
(a) a sheet of deformable material enclosed within an outer periphery, said outer periphery defining outwardly extending portions having concave segments between adjacent pairs of said outwardly extending portions;
(b) fastener holes formed through said gasket, said fastener holes disposed in said outwardly extending portions of said gasket; and
(c) a central opening disposed within an inner periphery of said gasket, said inner periphery of said gasket characterised in that it has a double curvature, in a first instance being curved around said central opening and in a second instance being curved toward said central opening.

2. A gasket as claimed in claim 1, wherein said central opening is circular.
3. A gasket as claimed in claim 1, wherein said concave segments of said outer periphery are arcuate.
4. A gasket as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gasket fastener holes are circular.

5. A gasket as claimed in claim 4, wherein centers of said gasket fastener holes form a rectangle.
6. A gasket as claimed in claim 5, wherein said(^ctangle is square.
7. A fluid connection having a gasket as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, said fluid connection for connecting a first fluid passage in a first pressure containment structure to a second fluid passage in a second containment structure, said fluid connection being provided with:

(a) a first flange having a first port, said first flange for attachment to said first pressure containment structure so that said first port is in fluid communication with such first fluid passage
(b) a second flange having a second port, said second flange for attachment to said second pressure containment structure so that said second port is in fluid communication with such fluid passage;
(c) said gasket disposed between said first flange and said second flange to seal between said first flange and said second flange.

8. A fluid connection as claimed in claim 7, wherein said gasket is provided with(six of Said outwardly extending portions, six of said gasket fastener holes, and wherein said outer periphery has six of said concave portions.



9. A fluid connection as claimed in claim 7, wherein said first port . is circular, and said second port is circular, said first port having a diameter equal to a diameter of said second port.
10. A fluid connection as claimed in claim 9, wherein said central opening in said gasket is circular and has a diameter equal to said diameter of said first and said second ports.


11. A compressor system having a gasket as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, said compressor system having a pressure connection joins a low pressure cylinder to a low pressure conduit leading to an intercooler.
12. The compressor system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said , pressure connection joins a low pressure conduit to an inlet of an



intercooler.
13. The compressor system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said pressure connection is disposed at an outlet of an intercooler,
14. The compressor system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said ^ pressure connection is disposed at an inlet to a high pressure cylinder.
15. The compressor system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pressure connection is disposed at an outlet of a high pressure cylinder.

16. The compressor system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pressure connection is disposed at an inlet of an aftercooler.
17. The compressor system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said pressure connection is disposed at an outlet of an aftercooler.
18. A gasket for a fluid system substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figures 2 to 11 of the accompanying drawings.
19. A fluid connection substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figures 2 to 11 of the accompanying drawings.
20. A compressor system substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figures 2 to 11 of the accompanying drawings.

Dated

this

7 day of February,

2001.


(B. KOMBI)
OF REMFRY 8B SAGAR
AGENT FOR THE APPLICANT

Documents:

136-mum-2001-cancelled pages(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-claims(granted)-(29-12-2004).doc

136-mum-2001-claims(granted)-(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-correspondence(31-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-correspondence(ipo)-(22-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-drawing(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 1(7-2-2001).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 13(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 19(1-8-2003).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 2(granted)-(29-12-2004).doc

136-mum-2001-form 2(granted)-(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 3(17-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 3(7-2-2001).pdf

136-mum-2001-form 5(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-petition under rule 137(17-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-petition under rule 137(7-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-petition under rule 138(17-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-petition under rule 138(29-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-power of authority(17-12-2004).pdf

136-mum-2001-power of authority(7-2-2001).pdf

136-mum-2001-power of authority(8-12-2004).pdf

abtract1.jpg


Patent Number 197834
Indian Patent Application Number 136/MUM/2001
PG Journal Number 42/2008
Publication Date 17-Oct-2008
Grant Date 13-Jan-2006
Date of Filing 07-Feb-2001
Name of Patentee WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
Applicant Address 1001 AIR BRAKE AVENUE, WILMERDING, PENNSYLVANIA 15148, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 RONALD J. SHAFFER 2321 COLLINS ROAD, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA-15235, U.S.A.
PCT International Classification Number N/A
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 09/512,538 1995-01-30 U.S.A.