Title of Invention

ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR

Abstract ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR. (2213/MAS/96) ABSTRACT. The present invention relates to a new apparatus for use with liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons molecular excitations with microwaves causing changes in the molecular orientations, changes in the translational, rotational ,vibrational and electronic motions of the molecules resulting in changes in the molecular energy levels, full or partial ionization ,plasma catalysis/energy catalysis resulting in rearrangements, fragmentation, ions, radicals formation, resonant electron capture favouring changed fluid and gas characteristics that cause changed kinetics of combustion in the internal combustion engines when mixed with air and ignited yielding reduced emissions, enhanced engine performance including in other external combustion systems. The apparatus is a common electronic catalytic convenor for all fuek or all fluids and all gases. It is also used in other applications such as heat engines, refrigeration, inline heating,
Full Text

ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR
Technical field
This invention relates to change of properties of fuels, liquids and gases used for combustion and heat transfer, reducing the emissions from the combustion, improving the performance of all internal combustion engines and all heat engine cycles. This invention is directed to novel construction of electronic catalytic converter for use in heat engine cycles of all internal combustion engines, turbines, heat pumps, refrigeration cycles and all external combustion equipments.
Background and prior art
Combustion emissions are mostly controlled by post treatment of the wasted exhaust with an oxidation or reduction catalysts or combination of both through an exhaust catalytic converter. An exhaust catalytic converter works only with unleaded petrol. Exhaust catalytic convertors cannot be used for the diesel due to the high sulphur content. The soot and the particulates even from the ultra low sulphur diesel clogs the exhaust catalytic convertors or soot traps causing severe back pressure necessitating frequent regeneration of soot or cleaning of the post treatment systems. The exhaust catalytic convertors when used with lower cubic capacity engines cause back pressure and reduces the engine efficiency. No single device is known to pre treat all the fuels for use as a common catalytic converter enabling clean combustion by exciting the molecules and by changing the kinetics of combustion for reduced emissions without using a chemical, noble metal, catalyst or an additive and also for producing hydrogen rich fliels or hydrogen from the materials that stores or contain hydrogen.
Objects of the invention
The primary object of the invention is to invent a device which control the exhaust emissions of internal combustion engines, external combustion equipments.

Another object of the invention is to invent a device which reduces the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engines.
Another object of the invention is to invent a device which works on unleaded gasoline, leaded gasoline, diesel ,bio-diesel, kerosene, ethanol blends, methanol blends, vegetable oils, any hydrocarbon fuels,, gaseous fuels.
Another object of the invention is to invent a device which influences the kinetics of the combustion, heat transfer rate, condensation of gases and the efficiency of all heat engines cycles including refirigeration cycles, heat pumps and external combustion equipments.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a device which when fitted in the flow line, excite the molecules to yield hydrogen rich fluid or gas.
Summary of the invention
The invention relates to change of properties of fuels, liquids and gases used for combustion, reducing the emissions from the combustion, improving the performance of all internal combustion engines, heat transfer and condensation in all heat engine cycles. This invention is directed to novel construction of electronic catalytic convertor for use in heat engine cycles of all internal combustion engines, turbines, heat pumps, refrigeration cycles and ail external combustion equipments and used to produce partiy or fially ionized liquid with changed volume fraction or gas or hydrogen rich fluid or a small fraction of hydrogen gas through excitation of the molecules and the cold plasma..
The above objectives are achieved with an electronic catalytic convertor comprising a central open ended conduit (1) as means for transporting material(s) and acting as an inlet and an outiet, wave guide and an applicator of microwave heat to the flowing material; a hollow bigger diameter conduit (2) with its ends closed by bushes(6) enclosing and supporting the conduit(l);the conduits(l) and (2) are positioned on the same axis as their centers; plurality of coils (3) being wound over the

conduit (2) to make it an electroma^etic source, a magnetron, microwave cavity resonator and a non thermal plasma generator cum accelerator with the application of an electric potential; the co-axial system comprising conduits (1) and (2) is enclosed by anotiier conduit (4) with either ends closed by a metal washer to hold the conduits (1) ,(2) and (4) in the same axis when supported by the insulated bushes (5) and bushes (6); the cavity between the outer surface of conduit (2) over which plurality of coils are wound and the inner surface of conduit (4) being filled with air or insulating or dielectric material; the conduit (4) acting as heat sink and as a cathode, the co-axial system with conduit (1) and (2) acting as anode, facilitating electrons oscillations ,photon emissions from the surfaces of the plurality of wire turns and from the cold plasma established and the system facilitating electrons movements in non circular orbits around the wire turns and within the cavities during excitations.
Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the ensuing description.
Detailed description of die invendon
Fig 1 shows in elevation cross sectional view of the electronic catalytic convertor.
Fig 2 shows in elevation the electronic catalytic convertor having fluid, gas or material passage conduit wound in the form of coil.
Fig 3 shows in elevation electronic catalytic convertor having an enclosure over it's outer surface in order to absorb the convective heat for cooling the convertor as well as to make use of the absorbed heat.
The present invention comprises a conduit (1) for carrying the material- liquid, gas or both;

the conduit (1) is enclosed by another bigger diameter conduit (2) with its ends closed by bushes (6) acting as supports for holding conduit (1) and also keeping both the conduits (1) & (2) on the same axis as their centers;
an insulated copper, aluminum or any conducting material with plurality of wire turns (3) for flow of current are wound over the metal conduit (2) and the conduit (2) is magnetized by applying an electric potential;
a co-axial system comprising conduit (1) and conduit (2) is enclosed by another conduit (4) with its ends closed by metal disk or plate having hole at the center similar to a washer with insulated bushes (5) for holding the co-axial conduit (1) and conduit (2) system also at its center ensuring that the center lines of all the three conduits are in the same axis and the whole system acts as a magnetron, co-axial wave guide, cavity resonator and as a cold plasma generator cum plasma accelerator when excited with power source and during material flow;
The hollow cavity of conduit (2) may contain air or any gas or any dielectric material, insulation or made vacuum and the space between conduit (2) and cavity of conduit (4) is filled with air at atmospheric pressure or with any gas or with any dielectric, insulation material or made vacuum;
the ends of the insulated wire turns are connected to an electric potential to magnetize the conduit (2) and to resonate electromagnetic waves inside the cavity of conduit (2) where the modes of propagation and frequency is dependant upon the diameter, length of the cavity in conduit (2) for single cavity and dependent upon the diameters and lengths of conduits (2) and (1) for a co-axial cavity;
a casing (7) having a fluid flow passage (8) and serving as a means for cooling the device from over heating as also for increasing the temperature of fluid or gas or any material flowing through conduit (1) as shown in figure 3;
The functional features of the device of the present invention is further explained in the form of following embodiments:

The presence of conduit (1) in the same axis of conduit (2) make a co-axial cavity resonator and tlfc '* i frequency of electromagnetic waves or microwaves or any other waves generated and propagated through it depends upon the inner diameters of the conduit (1) and the inner diameter of conduit (2), the lengths of both conduit (1) and conduit (2). Depending upon the material of conduit (1) and the dielectric property and material of bushes at the ends of conduit (2), the electric potential of conduit (1) and the magnetic and electrical behavior of conduit (1) could be altered other than conduit (2) or kept as the same as conduit (2). Conduit (1) also acts as a wave-guide for electromagnetic waves with various modes and other waves or oscillations generated. When an electric potential is applied to the ends of the insulated wire turns and conduit (2) becomes magnetized, there is an axial field created by external coils and an azimuthal field created by internal conductors with a current value resulting in plasma contained between the concentric cylinders and the loss along field lines is prevented by an electric potential created by annular grids at the ends of the cylinder biased to negative potential by grounding to earth either through brackets used to hold and clamp the electronic catalytic convertor or by other means or kept at positive potential as the case may be and the electromagnetic waves starts resonating inside the cavities of conduit (4), conduit (2) conduit (1) due to co-axial construction or at least in any one of them, the electrons originating from the conduction band of the material of the co-axial conduits due to thermal ionization, electromagnetic ionization are excited, conduit (2) becomes a positive potential and conduit (1) too depending upon the end bush material and it's dielectric property and the electrons are radially confined by the positive potential of the conduit (2) and conduit (1) and orbit around it in low angular momentum, non circular orbits and the electrons would be adiabatically compressed into the interaction region where the radial electric field would be large. This increase the electron density as well as the ratio of their perpendicular to parallel energy and electrons would rapidly transit the interaction region where they would resonantiy transfer their energy to the radiation fields. This result in microwave amplification by stimulated emission radiation and an electron beam is produced whose distribution function is optimized for the power level requirements of the apparatus and the axis of the electron beam coincides with that of the wave guide conduit (1). When the fuel, liquid, gas flows through conduit (1), the magnetic fields cause magneto hydrodynamic conditions along with excitation of the electrons in the conduction band of the material of the conduit (1) and a plasma pinch is formed at the center line of flow with initialization of ionization and the microwaves or other waves act with the plasma pinch creating electron collisions and electron impact for fiirther ionization with neo classical transport effect.

The properties of the material flowing through conduit (1) is altered under dynamic conditions oi under steady state condition depending upon the material. Although for a detailed working of th( device, a simple configuration with drawing is highlighted, the device could also be made of a straight conduit of any cross section other than hollow circular sections such as a hollow square section or hollow rectangular section or hollow elliptical section, hollow triangle section or hollow hexagon, pentagon or octagon sections or a combination of all hollow sections for varying the field characteristics and modes of propagation of electromagnetic waves and other types of waves and the cut off frequencies depending upon applications and end use.
In certain applications, the heat generated by the device due to microwave radiation, heating of the coil used for magnetization, heat released due to work done by electric fields within the wave guides to rotate polar molecules etc. could also be utilized by the liquid or gas or material moving within the convertor by covering the major length of the outer conduit (4) by a casing (7) having a fluid flow passage (8) and such arrangement serving as a means for cooling the device from over heating as also for increasing the temperature of liquid, gas or material flowing through conduit (1) as shown in figure 3.
It is abundantiy clear from the foregoing description that the conduit (1) apart from a mere material carrying media has also multi various functions. It acts as a component of cavity resonator. It further acts as a wave-guide. Further the said conduit (1) acts as an applicator for transmission of microwaves, heat, electric and magnetic fields generated, resonator cum cavity reflector for other forms and types of waves and emissions, part of the anode of the magnetron, plasma pinch generator containing ionized liquid or gas.
Another bigger diameter conduit (2) and the enclosure pipe (4) acts as cavity resonator and wave guide. The complete co-axial system with conduit (1), conduit (2) and conduit (4) having the same common axis represent a co-axial resonator for microwaves and any other waves for propagation and resonance and also fimction as a magnetron, as a cold plasma generator cum plasma accelerator.
The conduit (1) as envisaged in the invention is either built into the device so as to be part of the electronic catalytic convertor or a conventional conduit used in the conventional flow line can be readily substituted in place of aforesaid built in conduit (1). The structural arrangements may be

incorporated in the electronic catalytic convertor, which allows the possibilities of using the i^ conventional flow lines for replacement of the conduit (1).
Though the embodiment of the invention as envisaged is described with respect to electronic catalytic convertor, the invention with all its ramifications find acceptance in various areas of applications such as internal combustion engines, outer combustion equipments fluid flow lines, process flow lines of chemical equipments for heating the fluids or in fluid flow lines as an inline electronic catalytic convertor or as a heat pump in any heat conversion equipments such as an internal combustion engine, combustion equipment, heat transfer equipments, refrigeration equipments and in the flow lines of exhaust gas of any combustion equipments or in the exhaust gas lines of internal combustion engines for further emission reduction and conversion of burnt and unbumt emissions for further use.
The device is installed before the engine carburetor, fuel injection system for altering the properties of the hydrocarbon fuel or other fuels for better combustion efficiency, reduced fuel consumption and lesser emissions either as a separate device in the fluid flow lines or integrated as a component in the assembly of equipments or fuel systems such as the fuel injection system, carburetor, fiiel pump., fuel filter etc. as a pre engine device. This electronic catalytic convertor excites the molecules and the electrons of the materials contained within it to cause charge transfer resulting in any one or all of the following namely change of the molecular structure, bond orientations, bond strength, changes in the translational, rotational ,vibrational and electronic motions of the molecules resulting in changes in the molecular energy levels ,physical property, chemical property. It has no moving parts and the device is fixed in the flow line either at the input or at the output or in between the flow lines to obtain maximum benefit.
The device is fitted to any hydrocarbon fuels- petrol, diesel, kerosene, white kerosene, aviation fuel bio-diesel, vegetable oils, ethainol or methanol mixed blends, naptha, gas operated engines, turbines or combustion systems very easily without any alterations to the engine within few hours.
The device makes use of some of the properties of matter such as "Electro Negativity", "Influence of lone Pairs of Atoms", "Strains & Conformation" to change bonding angles of molecules, affinity

of oxygen atoms, ionization, plasma or energy catalysis resulting in separation of Macro Molecules under magneto hydrodynamics(MHD) and electro hydrodynamics(EHD) Influence resulting in reformulated or hydrogen rich fuel, dia and Param^netic Anisotropy of Macro molecules, magnetic orientation of molecules for altering the molecular properties including activation enei^ level, chemical rate constants of the hydrocarbon fuel or liquid or gas flowing through it before mixing with air for ignition in the engine facilitating changed kinetics of the combustion and volume fraction of the end products of combustion or kinetics of the condensation in the case of heat transfer process.
Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Lubricating Oil refined from crude oil belong to Alkanes group of hydrocarbons with different boiling points and can be used as fijel The physical and chemical properties of alkanes are a function first of the number of carbon atoms it contains and second of it's specific structure. The excitation of the fuel in the presence of a suitable catalj^t cause Ring Strain and make the alkanes loose a hydrogen atom The H - H bond is weakened and a reactive hydrogen atom adds to the double bond or to Lone Pairs of atoms. The trace of moisture and additives in the fuels cause Electro negativity which under external field excitation make oxygen also bond with Lone Pairs of Atoms altering the molecular structure of the fuel, it's physical and chemical properties including Activation Energy Level, volatility, fuel quality and chemical rate constants.
A lean mbrture is a definite answer for reduced pollution and fuel economy. A lean mixture burns slowly and yields hi^er thermal efficiency due to ratio of specific heat approaching that of air and with less dissociation loss due to lower combustion temperature with lesser nitrogen oxides emissions, lower losses to cooling water and air. However a lean mixture is very difficult to ignite and engines operating with lean mixture require higjb compression ratio or high-octane fuel. The field excitation cause rearrangement of molecular clusters and molecular bonding with liberation of ions, radicals making the fuel hydrogen rich enabling heterogeneous gas phase combustion which is an efficient way of burning a lean mixture outside the flammability limits without forming pollutants. Gas phase ignition of hydrogen rich hydrocarbon increase flame velocity and reduce minimum ignition energy The ions, radicals due to plasma catalysis/energy catalysis along with the hydrogen content controls the reaction rate instead of the normal fuel.

Emission of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon are related to air tuel ratio, m a vehicle fitted with a catalytic convertor, the air fuel ratio is around 15:1 or less for less emission whereas with the invented device, the air fuel ratio is above 16:1 to 22:1 depending upon engine condition which results in fuel economy and less emission.
The ability of the engine to start with a lean mixture (with increased air input) reduced fuel consumption and less emission, less engine knocking (smoothness of engine working), less engine temperature are indicative of the physical and chemical property changes of the fuel due to molecular structure change made by the invented device.
It is evident that the device according to invention makes use of various scientific principles as enumerated in the body of the specification The precision of the device is an important criteria to augment the working results and to achieve optimum operating results. The embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawing is to explain the active principles involved in the construction and the operation of the device and the combined or otherwise synergistic effect of various active principles and components in the said device.
The invention is further explained in the form of following Examples. However, the following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
APPLICATION NO.l-AUTOMOBILE ENGINE EMISSION CONTROL AND ENGINE PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT:
In the automobiles or with any internal combustion engines, the electronic catalytic convertor is used as a pre engine pre combustion device. The microwaves and Plasma cause electrons migrations resulting in fuel molecules with re arranged structures, changed volume fractions due to bond alternations, hydrogen rich fuel, density and viscosity variations resulting in improved fiiel quality having enhanced octane or cetane values for the gasoline and diesel fuels respectively, resulting in the following benefits: 1. Mileage increase by 5% to 25% depending upon engine conditions.

2. Reduced emissions and lower pollution for clean environment.
3. Improved engine performance due to automatic de-carbonizing and removal of varnish deposits in engine.
4. Optimum performance approximately 3000 kilometers after installation due to self de-carbonizing and elimination of most of the accumulated engine varnish in used vehicles.
5. Installation in few hours.
6. No additives to fuel or altering of the engine.
7. Saves petroleum fiiel for the user and the nation.
8. Suitable for Two wheelers, three wheelers Autos, Cars, Tempos, Jeeps, Diesel engines, Diesel and petrol driven electric power generators, LPG systems. Fishing Trawlers, Agricultural diesel pump sets. Power Tillers and Tractors.
APPLICATION N0.2-REFRIGERATI0N AND COOLING APPLICATION:
In the refrigeration systems, the electronic catalytic convertor is installed inline in the refrigerant flow to add additional heat energy for enhancing the refrigerant cycle performance for better cooling or for reducing the compressor energy demand for lowering the power consumption. In smaller cooling systems and portable cooling units, the refrigerant compressor is replaced with the electronic catalytic convertor installed in it's place and the electronic catalytic convertor could carry out the job of heating the refrigerant instead of the compressor by using microwave heat before expanding the gas and the cooling system will fiinction with a non moving and non wearing electronic catalytic convertor doing the function of a compressor consuming less power.
The electric field effects created in the electronic catalytic convertor wave guide can be used for enhancing or accelerating the process of condensation of the refrigerants by installing it before the flow line of the condenser.
A stationary or portable system making use of the heat generated for heating any material along with simultaneous cooling of any material can be fabricated using the electronic catalytic convertor as a thermal energy source.
APPUCATION N0.3-PREVENTI0N OF FLUID FREEZING IN THE PIPE LINES IN EXTREME WEATHER CONDITIONS:
In extreme cold weather conditions, fluid freezing within the pipes and pipe cracking due to flow getting chocked is common. To avoid uninterrupted fluid flow and to prevent fluid freezing, the

electronic catalytic converter is installed in line and the microwave heat keep the fluid warm preventing fluid free2ing including maintaining the fluid viscosity facilitating easier pumping without resistance build up in the flow line.
APPLICATION N0.4: PREVENTION OF SCALE FORMATION IN PIPE LINES OF SUGAR SYRUPS, HARD WATER LINES:
The ionization of molecules by the microwave fields prevents the scale formation by hard water in the internal flow passages of hard water lines and also in the sugar syrup lines. This lessens the pressure required for pumping the liquids and also saves the heating and electrical energy pumping costs.
APPLICATION N0.5-HYDR0GEN RICH FUEL GENERATION FROM DIESEL, BIO-DIESEL, VEGETABLE OILS,GASOLINE, METHANOL AND ETHANOL:
The electronic catalytic converter excites the weak C-H bonds present in the hydrocarbons, Bio-diesel. Vegetable oils, other fliels and many OH bonds resulting in radicals, PLASMA CATALYSIS/ENERGY CATALYSIS producing hydrogen or hydrogen rich fuels for clean combustion, reduced emissions, improved engine smoothness and enhanced power and performance..
APPLICATION N0.6-AS A HEAT PUMP WITH NON MOVING PARTS USING MICROWAVE ENERGY:
The microwave heat absorbed by the material flowing through the electronic catalytic converter makes it an ideal heat pump with no moving parts for adding energy input to any thermodynamic cycles for enhancing the thermal efficiency. Example is use in refrigeration cycle with or without the compressor,
APPLICATION N0.7-AS A MAGNETIC AGITATOR WITH NO MOVING PARTS:
When the ends of the coil turns connected to the positive and negative potential terminals of the power supply(s) are reverses frequently through any forward /reverse switch or mechanism ,timer or programmer, the fluid flow vortices in the conduit (1) collapse due to flow reversal due to change of poles of magnetism resulting in agitation action for better mixing.

It will be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and it is not intended that the practical applications of the invention be limited thereto to internal combustion engines, combustion technology only. Many other specific embodiments of the present invention and related practical applications will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure. All substitutions, alterations and modifications of the present invention, which come within the scope of the following claims, are to which the present invention is readily susceptible without departing from the spirit of the invention.


I Claim:
1. An electronic catalytic convertor comprising a central open ended conduit (1) as means for
transporting material(s) and acting as an inlet and an outlet, wave guide and an applicator of
microwave heat to the flowing material; a hollow bigger diameter conduit (2) with
its ends closed by bushes(6) enclosing and supporting the conduit(l);the conduits(l) and (2) are positioned on the same axis as their centers; plurality of coils (3) being wound over the conduit (2) to make it an electromagnetic source, a magnetron, microvrave cavity resonator and a non thermal plasma generator cum accelerator with the application of an electric potential; the co-axial system comprising conduits (1) and (2) is enclosed by another conduit (4) with either ends closed by a metal washer to hold the conduits (1) ,(2) and (4) in the same axis when supported by the insulated bushes (5) and bushes (6); the cavity between the outer surface of conduit (2) over which plurality of coils are wound and the inner surface of conduit (4) being filled with air or insulating or dielectric material; the conduit (4) acting as heat sink and as a cathode, the co-axial system with conduit (1) and (2) acting as anode, facilitating electrons oscillations .photon emissions from the surfaces of the plurality of wire turns and from the cold plasma established and the system facilitating electrons movements in non circular orbits around the wire turns and within the cavities during excitations.
2. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in Claim 1 in which the co-axial system of the
conduit(l),conduit{2) and conduit (4) allow excitation to be initiated when the ends of the
plurality of turns of the coil or coils are connected to an electric potential enabling flow of
current making conduit (2) to become magnetized with an axial field created by external coils
and an azimuthal field created by the internal conductors with a current value resulting in
plasma contained between the concentric conduits and the loss along field lines is prevented

by an electric potential created by annular grids at the ends of the conduits biased to negative potential by grounding to earth and to resonate electromagnetic waves inside the cavity of conduit (2) ,conduit (l),conduit (4) also exciting the dielectric or any other material or vacuum or gas above the coil turns and in between the annulus of the coaxial wave guides cum conduits (2) and (4) through heating of the coil and also by ihe electron waves encircling the coil enabling plasma acceleration, emission of photons due to electron-hole plasma mechanism responsible for gain at room temperature resulting in microwave amplification stimulated emission radiation( maser) and light amplification stimulated emission radiation (laser action).
3. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the co-axial system comprising Conduits (1) and (2) is enclosed by another conduit (4) with its ends closed by a metal disk having a means to hold conduit(l) and (2) at the center with insulated bushes (5) and bushes (6).
4. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cavity spaces between Conduit (1) and conduit (2) is filled with air at atmospheric pressure or with any gas or with any dielectric or insulation material or made vacuum depending upon the output requirement and end use of the electronic catalytic convertor.
5. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the permitivity of the dielectric insulator is varied from full insulation to partial insulation having semiconductance depending upon the frequency of waves used for interaction with the material passed through the wave guide cum conduit (1).

6. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein an outer enclosure (7) over conduit (4) with a fluid flow point (8) be provided for cooling the electronic catalytic convertor and also for increasing the temperature of the material.
7. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the outer enclosure (7) over conduit (4) may have one or more fluid flow point (8) so as to facilitate using few as the inlet for allowing different fluids inside the outer enclosure (7) and the other few as the outlet for taking out the heated fluid for other use or using it for flow into the conduit cum wave guide (1) through external additional conduit and pipe fittings.
8. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the conduit (1) is made of a thin walled metal capable of acting as wave guide and conduit (2) is magnetized or capable of being magnetized upon connecting the ends of the plurality of wire turns being wound over it with an electric potential and means being provided for clamping and grounding.
9. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein depending upon the material and insulation characteristics of the Bushes (6) on either end of the conduit (2),the conduit (1) become magnetized or non magnetized and acts as positive potential (anode) or negative potential (cathode)- elements of the magnetron.
10. The electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulated coil turns are
selected from copper, aluminum or any conducting material or in the form of a cylindrical
printed circuit board over conduit (2) from one single length wire of same diameter or metal link of same continuity for using one end of the coil for connection to positive potential and the other end of the coil to negative potential of an electric voltage.

11. The electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim l,wherein the coil turns being wounct/" over the conduit (2) could be with different lengths of wires of same diameter or of different diameters or metal link having electrical continuity to form different coils each suitable for connection to one positive and one negative terminals of the same electric potential from the same source or from different sources or to different electric potentials, the split coils formation facilitating equal load sharing or different types of electromagnetic waves
generation ,propagation ,mixing of waves.
12 An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ends of the wire turns are
connected to power supply from same or different sources as inputs at the same time or at
programmed times by connecting the different ends of each coil turn to each different power
sources for producing complex excitations and complex waves propagation.
13. An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the connection of the ends of same or different diameter coil turns are done in series or in parallel or with different electric potential or to different polarities of the electric potential(s) manually or through program logic controllers for reversing of the poles of magnetization of the conduit (2) and conduit (1) or any one of them as and when desired or more frequentiy in a cyclic fashion for altering the heating ,waves generation, propagation ,oscillations and agitating the fluid flow vortices, changing the direction of flow of the vortices in the wave guide cum conduit (1).
14. An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the center conduit (1) and the conduit (2) on which insulated wire turns are wound acts as a positive potential (anode), wave guide, co-axial resonator and the outer hollow tube(4) enclosing them and insulated with bush (5) acts as a co-axial resonator ,wave guide, plasma generator cum accelerator enclosing the insulator or the dielectrics within the annulus and having negative potential behaving as cathode or bias , a configuration in which the amplification, the modes of propagation.

intensity and pattern of distribution of the magnetic and electric fields in the radial and
longitudinal directions within the cavities and the frequency of the electromagnetic waves
and other waves interacting with the liquid, gas or any material are dependant upon the
parameters selected from
diameters of the circular hollow section of the inner and the outer pipes,
the lengths of the pipes,
the thickness of the pipes,
the geometry of the cross section of the pipes and their dimensions in case of non
circular sections,
number of turns of insulated copper or current carrying wire and their diameter
current and voltage through the insulated wire turns incase of direct current and
additionally another parameter namely
frequency in case of alternating current,
permitivity of the cavity medium and
permeability of the material of pipes.
15. An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the co-axial system acts as a magnetron, plasma generator cum accelerator and the constructional features enable radial confinement of electrons when an electric potential is applied to the ends of the insulated coil turns wound over conduit (2) acting as positive potential or anode and the outer hollow pipe acting as negative potential or cathode resulting in an axial magnetic field with an azimuthal field by internal conductors with a current value resulting in plasma, the electrons orbit around it in low angular momentum non circular orbits with high frequency, adiabatically compressed into the interaction region where the radial electric field is large so that the adiabatic compression increases the electron density as well as their perpendicular to parallel energy facilitating resonant energy transfer to the radiation fields producing fast waves with rich harmonics resulting in microwave amplification by stimulated emission radiation with or without photon emissions.

16. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the condu
acting as a co-axial cavity resonator of hollow circular cross section is enclosed by
another hollow circular cross section tube as enclosure cum wave guide for all or any one or a combination of the electro magnetic waves selected from microwaves, millimeter waves, ultrasonic waves, sound waves, surface waves, plasma waves, alfen waves, longitudinal electrostatic wiggler, space charge waves, electro static ion-cyclotron waves, electron waves generation, amplification, propagation and interaction of these waves with liquid, gas or chemicals passing within it.
17. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the co-axial system ensures
that the centerlines of all the three conduits of the device are in the same axis and the whole
system acts as a magnetron ,a cold plasma generator cum accelerator, co-axial cavity antenna
or wave guide facilitating changes in the kinetics of combustion, reduced emissions, changes
in the physical and chemical properties of materials, and used as a pre combustion device
installed inline/onboard the fuel system as a common convertor to pre treat all the fiiels used
for combustion , for enhancing the performance of heat engine cycles, refrigeration
cycles, as a heat pump, vortex flow reverser cum agitator, for enhancing condensation of gases ,crystal growth, control of flame propagation due to the electric field effects of the wave guide cum conduit(s).
18. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said device acting as a magnetron for microwave generation, a co-axial cavity resonator, plasma generator cum accelerator, wave guide and as an applicator for transmitting the microwave and it's heat to the flowing material is constructed from conduits of any geometry sections other than circular section including a combination of several geometry cross section of conduits, ionizes the material.
19. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1 wherein said device having
a center conduit (1) for flow of material through it and the flow of the material taking place in the presence of catalyst or without catalyst and the material of the cavity may or may not be acting as a catalyst depending upon the material processed.

20. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1,wherein the said device having a center conduit for flow of material and built into the device so as to be part of the device is replaced by a conventional pipe used in the conventional flow line retaining the structural arrangements incorporated in the electronic catalytic convertor, allowing the possibilities of using the conventional flow line itself as a part of the co-axial system, wave guide and an applicator and the remaining structural arrangement inserted into an existing conventional pipe line carrying the material.
21. An electronic cataljrtic convertor according to claim 1, wherein the said device is flexibly retrofitted for the control of an automotive exhaust emissions and is positioned optimally at any of the desired locations selected from:

- either before the carburetor or within the carburetor,
- before the fuel injector, within the injector or after the injector,
- before the fiiel injection pump,
- in the fuel intake manifold and
- any where before engine fuel intake or in the fiiel return line, fuel lines connecting the engine and the fuel tank or within the fuel tank itself

22. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, incorporated with any internal combustion engines, external combustion equipments burning diesel, bio-diesel, leaded, unleaded petrol, blended fuels with ethanol or any other additives, kerosene, naptha, vegetable oils, gaseous fuels, other liquid fuels or a combination of more than one fuel for reducing the exhaust emissions alone or also for reducing the fiiel consumption.
23. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, retrofitted as an inline heater in the fluid lines of industrial and automobiles for viscosity, density control, prevention of freezing, scale formation.
24. An electronic catalytic convertor as claimed in claim 1, vaporizing gasoline , diesel or other liquids with the generated microwave heat..

25. An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1, retrofitted as heat pump in the
refrigeration, heat engine cycles, chemical processes.
26. An electronic catalytic converter as claimed in claim 1, retrofitted as a power invertor with
alternating current voltage as output at the conduit (1) when fed with direct current voltage as
input to the ends of the plurality of coil turns.


Documents:

2213-mas-1996 abstract.pdf

2213-mas-1996 claims duplicate.pdf

2213-mas-1996 claims.pdf

2213-mas-1996 correspondence-others.pdf

2213-mas-1996 correspondence-po.pdf

2213-mas-1996 description (complete).pdf

2213-mas-1996 description provisional duplicate.pdf

2213-mas-1996 description provisional.pdf

2213-mas-1996 description(complete) duplicate.pdf

2213-mas-1996 drawings duplicate.pdf

2213-mas-1996 drawings.pdf

2213-mas-1996 form-1.pdf


Patent Number 196319
Indian Patent Application Number 2213/MAS/1996
PG Journal Number 20/2006
Publication Date 19-May-2006
Grant Date 27-Jan-2006
Date of Filing 09-Dec-1996
Name of Patentee SRINIVASAN GOPALAKRISHNAN
Applicant Address MANAGING DIRECTOR, HYDRODRIVE SYSTEMS AND CONTROLS PVT.LTD, PLOT NO.69, INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, PERUNGUDI, CHENNAI 600 096
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 SHRI. SRINIVASAN GOPALAKRISHNAN MANAGING DIRECTOR, HYDRODRIVE SYSTEMS AND CONTROLS PVT.LTD, PLOT NO.69, INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, PERUNGUDI, CHENNAI 600 096
PCT International Classification Number H01H51/34
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA