Title of Invention

METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR ESTABLISHING A BEARER FOR A GSM NETWORK

Abstract A method for establishing a bearer for a GSM network is disclosed in embodiments of the present invention. The method includes: receiving, by a Media Gateway, a message for adding a wireless side end point, assigning an IP address and a port number for a call and transmitting a response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call; acquiring, by the Media Gateway, the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller via the Mobile Switching Center Server and establishing an IP bearer with the Base Station Controller. A device and a system for establishing a bearer for a GSM network are also disclosed in embodiments of the present invention. With the present invention, a full or part path transcoder-free operation may be realized, which can avoid quality reduction and transmission delay caused by multiple transcodings of voice and save TC resources and transmission resources.
Full Text Priority is hereby claimed to the Chinese Patent Application No. 200710006885.6 filed
February 2, 2007 and the Chinese Patent Application No. 200710105889.X filed June 1,2007,
which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to GSM network interface technology, particularly to a
method, a device and a system for establishing a bearer for a GSM network.
BACKGROUND
In a conventional Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) network system,
the Base Station Controller (BSC) side is required to convert the wireless side voice from
compressed codes (such as HR/FR/EFR codes) to non-compressed G.711 codes. The Media
Gateway (MGW) on the core network side is required to convert the non-compressed G.711
codes to Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) compressed codes. Furthermore, the MGW is required
to convert the bearer mode between TDM bearer on one side and IP bearer on the other side.
In order to realize these conversions, a Trans coder and Rate Adaption Unit (TRAU) or a
Trans Coder (TC) is typically inserted in the BSC of the GSM network system, and a TC is
inserted in the MGW, for corresponding conversions of voice codes and bearer modes. Such
conversions may lower voice quality, waste a lot of costly TC resources, and increase
equipment costs. At the same time, since G.711 coding is used in the A interface, each path
of the calls occupies a bandwidth of 64k, causing a waste of long-distance transmission
resources from the BSC to the MGW.
To save the TDM transmission resource between the BSC and the MGW, an
improved method presently proposed is to move the TRAU from the BSC side to the MGW
side to collocate the TRAU with the MGW, and an Ater interface is provided between the
BSC and the TRAU for transmitting voice and data in format of TRAU frames. Since each
call of the Ater interface occupies a bandwidth of only 16k, four calls may be multiplexed
into one TDM slot, saving the valuable long-distance transmission resource between the BSC
and the MGW.
Although the improved method mentioned above solves the problem of wasting the
long-distance transmission resource between the BSC and the MGW, TCs are still required to

be inserted in both the TRAU and the MGW for the conversion of bearer modes, which also
suffers voice quality deterioration and TC resource wasting due to multiple code conversions.
SUMMARY
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for establishing a bearer
for a GSM network to improve voice quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a base station control device to
improve voice quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a Media Gateway
device to improve voice quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a Mobile Switching
Center server to improve voice quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for
establishing a bearer for a GSM network to improve voice quality.
To achieve the above-mentioned objects, the technical solutions according to
embodiments of the present invention are specifically implemented as follows.
A method for establishing a bearer for a GSM network includes the following steps:
receiving, by a Media Gateway, MGW, a message for adding a wireless side end
point, assigning an IP address and a port number for a call, and transmitting a response
message comprising the IP address and the port number assigned for the call; and
acquiring, by the MGW, an IP address and a port number assigned for the call by a
wireless side Base Station Subsystem, BSS, and establishing an IP bearer with the wireless
side BSS.
A base station control device includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive an assignment message and transmit it to a
processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to receive the assignment message, acquire the IP
address and the port number of the Media Gateway contained in the message, assign the IP
address and the port number for a call, initiate the establishment of an IP bearer, and transmit
an assignment response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call by the equipment to a transmitting unit; and
a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmit the assignment response
message.

A Media Gateway includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a message for adding a wireless side end
point and a bearer and code type modify message, and transmit them to a processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to receive the message for adding a wireless side end
point, assign an IP address and a port number for a call, output a response message containing
the IP address and the port number assigned for the call to a transmitting unit; receive the
bearer and code type modify message, acquire information about the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the wireless side Base Station Subsystem contained in the
message, and establish IP bearer with the wireless side Base Station Subsystem; and
a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmit the response message.
A Mobile Switching Center Server includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a call request containing information about
the code types supported by a mobile station itself transmitted by the mobile station, a
response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call
returned by the Media Gateway and an assignment response message returned by the wireless
side Base Station Subsystem, and transmit them to the processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to establish a priority list of the code type according
to the call request message, transmit a message for adding a wireless side end point to the
transmitting unit; generate an assignment message according to the received response
message and the priority list of the code type, and output the assignment message to the
transmitting unit; conduct code type negotiation according to the received assignment
response message, and output information containing the IP address and the port number
assigned to the call by the wireless side Base Station Subsystem to the transmitting unit; and
a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmit to the Media Gateway the
message for adding a wireless side end point and the information containing the IP address
and the port number assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller output by the
processing unit; receive the assignment message output by the processing unit, and transmit it
to the wireless side Base Station Subsystem.
A system for establishing a bearer for a GSM network includes a Base Station
Controller, a Mobile Switching Center Server and a Media Gateway. The Mobile Switching
Center Server is further configured to implement IP-based interfaces between the Base
Station Controller and the Media Gateway, wherein:

the Mobile Switching Center Server is configured to receive a call request
message containing information about code types supported by the mobile station itself,
transmit a message for adding a wireless side end point to the Media Gateway, receive the
response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call
returned by the Media Gateway, transmit the assignment message to the Base Station
Controller; receive the assignment response message returned by the Base Station Controller,
conduct code type negotiation, and transmit the information containing the IP address and the
port number assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller to the Media Gateway;
the Media Gateway is configured to receive the message for adding a wireless side
end point transmitted by the Mobile Switching Center Server, return the response message
containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call returned by the Mobile
Switching Center Server; receive information about the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller, and establish IP bearer with the Base
Station Controller; and
the Base Station Controller is configured to transparently transmit a call request
message to the Mobile Switching Center Server, receive the assignment message transmitted
by the Mobile Switching Center Server, acquire the IP address and the port number of the
Media Gateway contained in the message, assign the IP address and the port number for the
call, initiate establishment of IP bearer, and transmit the assignment response message
containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by the Base Station
Controller to the Mobile Switching Center Server.
As can be seen from the technical solutions mentioned above, with the method,
equipment and system for establishing GSM network bearer in embodiments of the present
invention, by using IP bearer at the A interface between the BSC and the MGW to directly
transmit HR/FR/EFR compression voice codes at the A interface, wasting of TC resources is
effectively decreased, transcoder-free operation (TrFO) for full path or half path of the voice
channel between BSCs on the calling and called sides is realized, and the voice quality is
enhanced and equipment costs are saved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the GSM network architecture in the application of a
method embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the improved GSM network structure on the
calling/called side in the application of a method embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the GSM network with IP-based
interfaces according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another diagram illustrating the architecture of the BSC according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is another diagram illustrating the architecture of the BSC according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the MGW according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is another diagram illustrating the architecture of the MGW according to an
embodiment of the presentinvention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the MSC server according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the GSM network with an IP-
based A interface according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the hierarchical structure of the protocol stack of the
signaling plane and the bearer plane of the A interface of the system shown in Fig. 9
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the GSM network with an IP-
based A interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the voice message encapsulation structure at the Abis
interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating the 2G to 2G calling procedure according to the
second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating first architecture of the user plane protocol stack of
the Nb interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating a networking structure of interworking 2G and 3G
according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating second architecture of the user plane protocol stack at
the Nb interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating third architecture of the user plane protocol stack at
the Nb interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the GSM network with an IP-
based Ater interface according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the IP-based GSM network
according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the IP-based GSM network
according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a diagram illustrating the procedure of signaling processing with the TC
arranged at the BSC side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating the procedure of signaling processing with the TC
arranged at the MGW side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present
invention clearer, a detailed description of the present invention is provided below with
reference to the figures and embodiments.
The GSM system defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
standardization organization mainly consists of three parts: a Mobile Switching Subsystem
(MSS), a Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and a Mobile Station (MS). Fig. 1 is a diagram
illustrating the GSM network architecture in the application scenario of a method
embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the system includes an MSS, a BSS
and an MS. The MSS implements the main switching functions of GSM, and at the same time
manages subscriber data and a database required for mobility. The MSS also manages
communications between GSM mobile subscribers and communications between a GSM
mobile subscriber and a subscriber of another communication network. The MSS includes a
Mobile Switching Center (MSC) server and an MGW. The BSS includes a BSC and a Base
Transceiver Station (BTS). The BSC interfaces with the wireless network and is responsible
for the management of the wireless network and wireless resources. The BSC is also
responsible for managing the establishment, the connection and the releasing of calling/called
MSs and BTS wireless connections on the calling/called side, providing functions such as
voice coding, code type conversion and rate adaptation. The BTS performs conversion
between the BSC and the wireless channel, and performs wireless transmission over the air
interface between the BTS and MSs and realizes related control functions.

The interface between the BTS and the BSC is an Abis interface that transmits GSM
voice and data messages with Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) codes and Channel Codec
Unit (CCU) protocol frames. Each CCU channel occupies a bandwidth of 16k. Voice coding
formats include Half Rate (HR), Full Rate (FR) and Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) coding. The
interface between the BSS and the MSC server is an A interface. On the side of the MGW
where the MGW is connected with the BSC, the A interface between the BSC and the MGW
is an MGW wireless side end point that transmits voice and data with TDM G.711 protocol.
The coding method is G.711 and each call occupies a bandwidth of 64 kbps.
On the MSS side, the MSC server and the MGW use a mode of 3GPP R4 in which the
bearer and the control are separated. All signaling controls are processed by the MSC server,
and all bearers are processed by the MGW. An Nb interface is used between the MGW and
another MGW. The coding method is typically AMR coding. An Internet Protocol (IP)
transmission mode is used to increase transmission efficiency and save bandwidth. An Nc
interface is used between the MSC server and the MGW. An A interface is used between the
MSC server and the BSC for the bearing of messages such as messages about user's
connection requests and messages about disconnection commands by transmitting the Base
Station Subsystem Application Part (BSSAP) signaling. After being processed by the BSC,
the messages are sent to the BTS. The BSSAP messages are defined by the GSM08.08
specification. An Nc interface is used between the MSC server and another MSC server to
solve the problem of separate call controls and bearer controls using the Bearer Independent
Call Control (BICC) protocol. The bearing of call control signaling on various networks is
proposed for applications of telephone services, which may provide good transparency for
implementing services of existing circuit-switched telephone networks in NGN.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the improved GSM network structure on the
calling/called side in the application scenario of the method embodiment of the present
invention. As shown in Fig. 2, an Ater interface is used between the BSC and the TRAU to
transmit voice and data in format of TRAU frames. The original interfaces and bearer modes
between the TRAU and the MGW remain unchanged. Since each call at the Ater interface
occupies only a bandwidth of 16k, four calls may be multiplexed into one TDM slot, hence
saving the valuable long-distance transmission resources between the BSC and the MGW.
Embodiments of the present invention may effectively mitigate the wasting of TC
resources and achieve full path or half path TrFO for the telephone channel by realizing the

IP-based A interface between the BSC and the MGW and directly transmitting wireless side
compressed voice codes such as HR/FR/EFR codes.
The present invention proposes a system for establishing a bearer for a GSM network.
Changing interfaces of the GSM network into IP-based interfaces includes establishing an IP
bearer and implementing code type negotiation. Media services and signaling are transmitted
through the IP bearer, and the problem of voice quality deterioration due to the transcoding
TC is solved.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the system structure of the GSM network with IP-based
interfaces according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.3, the
system includes an MS, a BTS, a BSC, an MSC server and an MGW.
The MS is configured to transmit a call request message carrying information about
the code types it supports to the BSC and receive a message returned by the MSC server
indicating that the call is being processed.
The BTS is configured to transparently transmit the call request message sent by the
MS and the message sent by the MSC server indicating that the call is being processed.
The BSC is configured to establish an IP bearer with the MGW and implement code
type conversion, receive the call request message transmitted by the MS, transparently
transmit it to the MSC server, receive and forward the message transmitted by the MSC
server indicating that the call is being processed; and receive an assignment message
transmitted by the MSC server. If the interface between the BSC and the MGW is determined
to be an A interface, the IP address and the port number of the wireless side of the MGW is
obtained and the IP address and the port number of its own are assigned for the call, and an IP
bearer is established.
If the interface between the BSC and the MGW is determined to be an Ater interface,
the establishment of the Ater interface channel between the BSC and the MGW is negotiated
using in-band signaling of the bearer plane through TRAU signaling (the in-band signaling
between the BSC and the MGW may be established in advance). The IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the MGW are acquired and the IP address and the port
number of its own are assigned for the call. The MGW acquires the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the BSC via the Ater interface channel and an IP bearer is
established. Alternatively, the Ater interface between the BSC and the MGW is simulated as
an A interface, and the BSC receives the assignment message, acquires the IP address and the

port number of the wireless side of the MGW and assigns the IP address and the port number
of its own of the Ater interface side for the call, and an IP bearer is established.
An assignment message transmitted by the MSC server is received. A code type is
selected according to priority list of the code type or its own policy, and the code type
selected by the BSC is fed back to the MSC server through an assignment response message.
If the selected code type is consistent with the code type with the highest priority in the
priority list of the code type, the TrFO in this segment is realized and the transparent
transmission of media stream is accomplished; otherwise, a message for changing the code
type is received from the MSC server and code type conversion between the code type
selected by the BSC and the code type required by the MSC server is performed.
The MSC server separates the bearer and the control, and is configured to: process the
signaling control part, transmit IP bearer information such as the IP address and the port
number by extended BSSAP signaling, receive the call request message transmitted by the
MS, extract information about the code type in the call request message, find the intersection
with the code types it supports, and establish the priority list of the code type; transmit a
message to the MS indicating that the call is being processed, transmit a message to the
MGW for adding a wireless side end point, and receive the response message returned by the
MGW; transmit or receive a message carrying the priority list of the code type information to
or from other MSC servers, and accomplish code type negotiation for realizing TrFO;
transmit an assignment message to the BSC, and receive an assignment response message
containing information about the selected code type transmitted from the BSC; perform code
type negotiation and transmit a bearer and code type modify message to the MGW, where the
bearer and code type modify message carries the IP address and the port number information
assigned for the call by the BSC; and distribute the message for changing the code type to the
BSC or the MGW as necessary, if the code type conversion function is realized at the BSC.
The MGW is configured to: establish an IP bearer with the BSC and perform code
type conversion, receive a message for adding a wireless side end point transmitted by the
MSC server, transmit the response message containing the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call to the MSC server, receive the bearer and code type modify message
transmitted by the MSC server, acquire the IP address and the port number assigned for the
call by the BSC, and establish an IP bearer; modifies the code type for the corresponding end
point as instructed by the message.

In the system shown in Fig.3, the MGW(s) may be a same MSW or may be different
MGWs. When the MGWs are different MGWs, the process of establishing the IP bearer
connection for the A interface between the BSC on the other side and the MGW is similar to
that of the system shown in Fig. 3, and the description of the process will not be repeated.
Also, the MSC server(s) may be a same MSC server or may be different MSC servers.
When the MSC servers are different MSC servers, an Nc interface is used between the MSC
servers and an Nb interface is used between the MGWs. The MSC server at the calling side
transmits initialization (IAM) information to the MSC server at the called side, and the MSC
server at the called side returns IP bearer information to establish an IP bearer between the
Nb interface side of the MGW at the calling side and the Nb interface side of the MGW at the
called side. The BICC and the IP Bearer Control Protocol (IPBCP) may be referred to for
details. The process of establishing the IP bearer connection between the wireless side of the
MGW and the BSC on both the calling side and the called side is similar to the process of
establishing the IP bearer connection between the wireless side of the MGW and the BSC on
either the calling side or the called side, in which code type negotiation is required for the
establishment of TrFO and the establishment of the IP bearer. The difference is that: if both
sides are IP bearers, a full path TrFO negotiation for voice channel is required to be
performed; but if only one side is an IP bearer, only a voice channel with half path TrFO may
be established.
In Fig. 3, the assignment response message should include information such as
information about the code type selected by the BSC, the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call by the BSC.
In practical applications, alternatively, code type negotiation and modifying may be
performed after the establishment of the IP bearer by the BSC with the MGW. The specific
process is described as follows.
First, base station control devices such as the BSC remove the TRAU encapsulation
(i.e., the processing of TRAU termination) of the received wireless side data to obtain
payload data after voice compression coding. After that, the payload data after voice
compression coding is encapsulated in IP packets, passed to the MGW via the A interface
between the BSC and the MGW. The MGW continues to perform service transmission
processing.
In the implementation of the process of removing TRAU encapsulation described
above, the voice compression coding method of the current frame may be obtained according

to a certain bit in it. After that, the data is subject to corresponding processing according to
the acquired coding method. For example, for the FR coding method, an FR voice of 20 ms
has exactly 260 bits and Dl through D260 are the final voice compression coded payload
data. For the EFR coding method, the non-EFR coded voice data for Cyclic Redundancy
Check (CRC) in the 260 bits need to be removed to obtain the final 244 bits of data
corresponding to the EFR voice of 20 ms, and so on.
In practical applications, after the MGW receives the voice compression coded
payload data (i.e., payload data after compressed coding) transmitted via IP packets by the
BSC, at least one of the following two treatments may further be carried out:
(1) determining whether the compression coding method used for the voice
compression coded payload data is the same as the compression coding method used on the
receiving end side of the data (the Nb interface or the A interface on the other side); and
(2) determining whether the encapsulation method used for the voice compression
coded payload data is the same as the encapsulation method used on the receiving end side of
the data.
In the determinations described above, if the determination result is positive, the data
is directly passed to the receiving end of the data. Otherwise, at least one of the compression
coding method and the encapsulation method of the data that is determined to be different is
converted into the compression coding method and/or the encapsulation method used on the
receiving end side and then transmitted to the receiving end.
In order for the MGW to be able to identify and determine the compression coding
method used for the voice compression coded payload data, the corresponding processing
may be as follows. First, the BSC transmits the compression coding method used for the
received voice compression coded payload data to the MSC server. After that, the MSC
server transmits the compression coding method used for the data to the MGW, so that the
MGW knows the corresponding compression coding method.
Furthermore, in order for the MGW and BSC to learn the bearer information of the
received data, the bearer information used for the transmitted data may also be transmitted to
the MSC server by the BSC, and transmitted by the MSC server to the MGW. The bearer
information used for the transmitted data may alternatively be transmitted to the MSC server
by the MGW, and transmitted by the MSC server to the BSC.
The service transmission processes provided in embodiments of the present invention
includes a service transmission process in the Second Generation Mobile Communication

System and a service transmission process between the Second and the Third Generation
Mobile Communication Systems, which will be described respectively in the following.
In the Second Generation Mobile Communication System, for single rate coding,
service transmission between the MGW on the calling user side and the MGW on the called
user side is not realized with a user plane encapsulation method. In other words, the user
plane encapsulation operation is not conducted at the MGW.
In the Second Mobile Communication System and the Third Generation Mobile
Communication System, if a single rate coding is used between the MGW at the calling user
side and the MGW at called user side, service transmission between the two MGWs is not
realized with the user plane encapsulation method. In other words, the user plane
encapsulation operation is not conducted at the MGW. If a multiple rate coding is used, the
service transmission is realized with the user plane encapsulation method. In other words,
corresponding user plane encapsulation operation needs to be carried out at the MGW.
In the processing described above, a Real-time Transmission Protocol (RTP)
encapsulation method is used for the service transmission between the BSC and the MGW.
An example is as follows, in which the Abis interface between the BTS and the BSC
is a TDM bearer. At the BSC, only the conversion from TDM bearer to IP bearer and the
termination of TRAU, i.e., the processing of removing TRAU encapsulation, are performed,
without transcoding. In other words, transmitted between the BSC and the MGW are the
GSM compression coded data. The corresponding compression coding method may be HR
coding, FR coding, EFR coding or AMR (adaptive rate) coding. In the BSC, the GSM
compressed coded voice payload is encapsulated as RTP messages and transmitted to the
MGW. No codec conversion TC needs to be remained any longer in the BSC.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the BSC according to an
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.4, the BSC includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive an assignment message and transmit the
assignment message to a processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to receive the assignment message, acquire the IP
address and the port number of the wireless side end point of the Media Gateway contained in
the message, assign the IP address and the port number for a call, initiate the establishment of
an IP bearer, and transmit an assignment response message containing the IP address and the
port number assigned for the call by the equipment to a transmitting unit; and

a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmitting the assignment response
message.
After receiving the assignment message, the processing unit may further select a code
type according to the priority order in a priority list of the code type or a preset policy and
transmit the selected code type in the assignment response message to the MSC server via the
transmitting unit.
In practical applications, the BSC may also be configured to remove the TRAU
encapsulation of the received wireless side data to obtain the voice compression coded
payload data and encapsulate the voice compression coded payload data in IP packets. It may
also be configured to transmit information about the compression coding method used for
transmitting data in user plane and/or bearer information to the MSC server and the MSC
server transmits information about the compression coding method and/or the bearer
information of the data to the MGW. At the same time, it may also receive information about
the compression coding method and/or the bearer information transmitted by the MGW via
the MSC server.
Fig. 5 is another diagram illustrating the architecture of the BSC according to an
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.5, the BSC includes the following
units:
(1) a TRAU terminating unit, configured to remove TRAU encapsulation from the
received wireless side data to obtain the voice compression coded payload data;
(2) a data encapsulating unit, configured to encapsulate the voice compression
coded payload data obtained through processing by the TRAU terminating unit into IP
packets and transmit it to a first data transmitting unit; and
(3) a first data transmitting unit, configured to transmit the IP packets
encapsulated by the data encapsulating unit to the Media Gateway.
Optionally, the BSC further includes at least one of a compression coding method
transmitting unit, a first bearer information receiving unit and a first bearer information
transmitting unit.
The compression coding method transmitting unit is configured to transmit
information about the compression coding method used for the data transmitted in user plane
to the MSC server.
The first bearer information receiving unit is configured to receive the bearer
information used for the data passed by the MGW from the MGW via the MSC server.

The first bearer information transmitting unit is configured to transmit the bearer
information used for the data transmitted in user plane to the MSC server.
In practical applications, the Transcoder and Rate Adoption Unit, the terminating unit
and the data encapsulating unit may also be included in the processing unit as sub-units of the
processing unit.
In practical applications, the processing unit may further include a code converting
module for converting code types according to the code change message distributed by the
Mobile Switching Center Server.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the MGW according to an
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.6, the MGW includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a message for adding a wireless side end
point, receive a bearer and code type modify message, and transmit them to a processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to receive the message for adding a wireless side end
point, assign an IP address and a port number for a call, output a response message containing
the IP address and the port number assigned for the call to a transmitting unit; receive the
bearer and code type modify message, acquire the IP address and the port number assigned
for the call by the BSC, and establish the IP bearer with the BSC; and
a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmitting the response message.
In practical applications, the MGW may further be configured to continue the
transmitting of IP packets carrying voice compression coded payload data with TRAU
encapsulations removed after acquiring IP packets via the A interface between the base
station control device and the Media Gateway. It may further communicate with the MSC
server to acquire the compression coding method information from the MSC server which is
received from the BSC and learn the corresponding compression coding method. And, it
transmits the bearer information used for the locally transmitted data to the MSC server to
transmit the bearer information to the BSC via the MSC server. That is, it reports the bearer
information assigned for the call by the MGW at the wireless side end point to the MSC
server, and the bearer information is then distributed to the BSC to allow each of the MGW
and the BSC to establish a bearer between them after acquiring the bearer information from
each other.
Fig. 7 is another diagram illustrating the architecture of the MGW according to an
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.7, the MGW may include the
following units:

(1) a data receiving unit, configured to receive the voice compression coded
payload data contained in IP packets transmitted via the A interface;
(2) a conversion processing unit, configured to convert the compression coding
method and/or the encapsulation method of the data in the IP packets into the compression
coding method and/or the encapsulation method used on the receiving end side, and then
incorporate the data in IP packets, i.e., perform corresponding conversion processing between
two sides of the MGW; and
(3) a second data transmitting unit, configured to transmit the IP packets
processed by the conversion processing unit to the MGW where the receiving end of the data
is.
Optionally, the MGW may further include a determination processing unit for
determining whether the compression coding method and/or encapsulation method used for
the data in the IP packets are the same as the compression coding method and/or
encapsulation method used on the receiving end side of the data. If the compression coding
methods and/or encapsulation methods are the same, the IP packets are directly transmitted to
the data transmitting unit. Otherwise, the IP packets are transmitted to the conversion
processing unit. That is, the MGW may select to determine at least one of the compression
coding method and the encapsulation method used for corresponding data between two sides
of the MGW to perform a corresponding conversion processing according to the
determination result.
Optionally, the MGW may further include at least one of a compression coding
method receiving unit, a second bearer information transmitting unit and a second bearer
information receiving unit.
The compression coding method receiving unit is configured to receive from the MSC
server the compression coding method used for the data transmitted in user plane by the BSC
and provide the compression coding method to the compression coding method determining
unit.
The second bearer information transmitting unit is configured to transmit the bearer
information used for the data transmitted by the MGW to the MSC server to transmit the
bearer information to the BSC via the MSC server.
The second bearer information receiving unit is configured to receive from the MSC
server the bearer information used for the data transmitted by the BSC in user plane and
provide it to the data transmitting unit.

Optionally, the MGW may further include a bearer information negotiating unit for
negotiating bearer information used during data transmission with the MGW at the opposite
end.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the architecture of the MSC server according to an
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.8, the MSC server includes:
a receiving unit, configured to receive a call request containing information about
the code types supported by itself transmitted by the MS, a response message containing the
IP address and the port number assigned for the call returned by the MGW wireless side end
point and an assignment response message returned by the BSC, and transmit them to the
processing unit;
a processing unit, configured to establish a priority list of the code type according
to the call request message, transmit to the transmitting unit a message for adding a wireless
side end point; generate an assignment message according to the received response message
and the priority list of the code type, and output it to the transmitting unit; conduct code type
negotiation according to the received assignment response message and output a bearer and
code type modify message containing information on the IP address and the port number
assigned to the call by the Base Station Controller to the transmitting unit; and
a transmitting unit, configured to receive and transmit to the MGW wireless side
end point the message for adding a wireless side end point and the bearer and code type
modify message containing information on the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call by the Base Station Controller which is output by the processing unit; and receive the
assignment message output by the processing unit and transmit it to the BSC.
Based on the system shown in Fig. 3, seven embodiments are illustrated below to
describe in detail specific implementations of applications of the present invention during the
implementation of the GSM network with IP-based interfaces. In the diagrams showing
system structures of the seven embodiments of the present invention, broken lines denote
signaling information and solid lines denote bearer information.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the GSM network with an IP-based A
interface in the first embodiment of the present invention. By taking BTS, BSC, MSC server
and the MGW included on the calling side as an example, the present embodiment illustrates

that the transcoding TC is arranged on the BSC side and the A interface is IP-based. The IP-
based A interface on the called side is similar to that on the calling side and will not be
described in detail. Referring to Fig. 9, the interface between the BTS and the BSC is an Abis
interface, and the interface between the BSC and the MGW is an A interface. On the side of
the MGW where the MGW is connected with the BSC is the MGW wireless side end point.
The interface between the MGW and the MSC server is an Mc interface.
The A interface control plane is based on the Signal Transmission (Sigtran) protocol
specified in standards. In the present embodiment, in order to realize the IP-based A interface,
it is required to extend the function of the management of the IP-based voice resources of the
A interface control plane and to extend necessary BSSAP information. For example, the
extended BSSAP message has the ability to transmit IP bearer information such as IP
addresses and port numbers.
The MS initiates a call containing information on code types supported, which is
transmitted transparently via the BTS. The BSC receives the call request message and
transmits it to the MSC server via BSSAP signaling. The MSC server acquires information
about the code types supported by the calling side, finds the intersection with the code types
supported by the MSC server, and forms a priority list of the code type. The MSC server
transmits a message for adding a wireless side end point to the MGW via the Mc interface.
The MGW receives the message for adding a wireless side end point, assigns an IP address
and a port number for the call, and returns a response message for the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the MGW to the MSC server via the Mc interface. The MSC
server receives the response message from the MGW. The MSC server transmits the
assignment message containing the IP address, the port number assigned for the call by the
MGW and the priority list of the code type of the MSC server to the BSC via BSSAP
signaling. The BSC receives the assignment message, assigns the IP address and the port
number of its own side for the call and initiates the establishment of the IP bearer. At the
same time, the BSC selects code types according to the priority list of the code type
information or its own policy, and returns an assignment response message containing
information about the code type selected by the BSC and the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call by the BSC to the MSC server. The MSC server receives the assignment
response message, acquires from the message the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call by the BSC and transmits a bearer and code type modify message to the MGW
wireless side end point. The MGW wireless side end point may establish an IP bearer with

the BSC once it acquires the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by the BSC.
At the same time, the MSC server receives the assignment response message, acquires the
code type selected by the BSC from the message, places the code type selected by the BSC
on the calling side at the first position in the priority list of the code type and then transmits
the priority list of the code type to the MSC server on the called side. In the backward
transmission process, the code types of the end points related to the MGWs in the path is
indicated or changed to the optimum code type, namely the code type selected by the BSC.
The MSC server on the called side distributes the acquired priority list of the code type to the
BSC on the called side. If the BSC on the called side supports the code type selected by the
BSC on the calling side, and selects the optimum code type, a full path TrFO voice channel is
realized. Otherwise, the BSC on the called side feeds back the selected code type to the MSC
server on the called side with an assignment response message. The MSC server on the called
side then distributes a message for changing the code type to the BSC on the called side or to
the BSC on the calling side via the MSC server on the calling side. The BSC on the called
side, the MGW on the called side, the BSC on the calling side or the MGW on the calling
side conducts conversion between the code type selected on the calling side and that selected
on the called side after receiving the message for changing the code type.
If between the MGW on the called side and the BSC on the called side is a TDM
bearer, and the BSC on the called side supports the code type selected by the BSC on the
calling side and selects the optimum code type, the MSC server on the called side distributes
a bearer format conversion message to the MGW on the called side on which a bearer format
conversion from IP to TDM is accomplished. Here, the MSC server on the called side returns
the negotiated code type to the MSC server on the calling side and TrFO may be realized on
the called side. Otherwise, if the BSC on the called side does not support the code type
selected by the BSC on the calling side, the MSC server on the called side selects one code
type from the code types supported by the BSC on the calling side according to certain rules,
returns the selected code type to the MSC server on the calling side and distributes the
selected code type to the MGW on the called side with a code type modify message. The
code type conversion and the bearer format conversion from IP to TDM are achieved at the
same time at the MGW on the called side. Similarly, if between the MGW on the calling side
and the BSC on the calling side is a TDM bearer, the code type conversion and the bearer
format conversion from IP to TDM are achieved at the same time at the MGW on the calling
side. However, the code type negotiation processes between MSC servers are different. The

MSC server on the calling side indicates that the code type selected by the BSC on the called
side should be returned in the message sent to the MSC server on the called side. Therefore
the MSC server on the called side passes information about the code type selected by the
BSC on the called side to the MSC server on the calling side and modifies the code types of
the end points related to the MGW in the path into the code type selected by the BSC on the
called side. Then the MSC server on the calling side distributes information about the code
type selected by the BSC on the called side to the end points of the Nb interface of the MGW
on the calling side, namely end points on both sides of the core network. Thus it is ensured
that code types are the same for all IP bearer parts and TC is inserted into only the TDM to IP
conversion point.
Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the hierarchical structure of the protocol stack of the
signaling plane and the bearer plane of the A interface of the system shown in Fig. 9
according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 10, the bottom layer
of the A interface signaling plane protocol stack is a Media Access Control (MAC) layer. If
the protocol of the physical layer is not a hundred-megabit or gigabit Ethernet but a Packet
Over SONET/SDH/GE (Gigabit Ethernet) (POS) point-to-point protocol or IP over E1, the
bottom layer is a Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) layer. From here up, the second layer is an IP
layer, the third layer is a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) layer, the fourth layer
is an M3 User Adaptation (M3UA) layer, the fifth layer is a Skinny Client Control Protocol
(SCCP) layer and the top layer is a BSSAP layer. Signaling is transmitted sequentially among
the layers. In the present embodiment, the BSSAP protocol of the BSSAP layer and the
function of the management of the IP-based voice resources need to be extended accordingly.
If the IP interface is a hundred-megabit or gigabit Ethernet, the bottom layer of the A
interface bearer plane protocol stack is an MAC layer. If the IP interface is a POS interface or
an IP over E1 interface, the bottom layer is a PPP layer. From here up, the second layer is an
IP layer, the third layer is a User Data Protocol (UDP) layer, and the fourth layer is a Real-
time Transmission Protocol (RTP) layer. The bearer information is transmitted sequentially
among the layers.
In practical applications, voice frames based on IP protocol may also be transmitted
by changing the original TDM bearer of the Abis interface between the BTS and the BSC to
an IP bearer. This can further lower the time delay caused by the network bearer conversion
and increase utilization ratio of the transmission resources.

Also, MSC servers at the calling and called side in the embodiment may be a same
MSC server or may be different MSC servers. When the MSC servers are different MSC
servers, after acquiring the code type selected by the corresponding BSC, the MSC server on
one side negotiates coding with the MSC server on the other side. If there is no any consistent
code type which both the two sides accept, TC is inserted only in the BSC on one side for
transcoding.
As seen from the above-described embodiments of the present invention, an IP bearer
is established at the A interface between the BSC and the MGW through the MSC server,
which effectively decreases the number of conversions of voice coding formats and even
eliminates the necessity of such a conversion, decreases the delay of voice transmission,
increases the quality of voice transmission and saves TC resources. At the same time, since
an IP bearer is used, valuable long-distance transmission resources between the BSC and the
MGW are saved. For example, in the existing GSM network system, up to 4 TCs are required
between the BSCs on the calling and called sides for the conversion of different code types
and bearers. After the IP bearer is established at the A interface, no or only 1 TC is required
between the BSCs on the calling and called sides for the conversion of code types and no
bearer conversion is needed. If the Abis interface is further changed to be IP bearer, no bearer
conversion is needed along the entire call path between the MSs on the calling and called
sides.
In the first embodiment described above, TCs are disposed on the BSC side. In
practical applications, TCs may alternatively be disposed on the MGW side and an IP bearer
is implemented for the A interface. In the case that TCs are disposed on the MGW side,
TRAU frames may be terminated at the BSC side or at the MGW side. Specific
implementations will be explained below in connection with the second and third
embodiments respectively.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a GSM network with an IP-based A
interface in the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the
BTS, BSC, MSC server and the MGW included on the calling side are taken as an example.
The MSC servers and the MGWs on the calling side and the called side may be the same
MSC server and the same MGW, respectively. TCs are disposed on the MGW side and

TRAU frames are terminated at the BSC side. That is, between the BSC and the MGW is an
A interface which realizes IP bearer, and the encapsulation and transmission of services to be
transmitted are realized using an IP-based encapsulation method between the BSC and the
MGW. For example, services to be transmitted such as compression coded voice services are
encapsulated in IP messages, IP-based User Data Protocol messages or IP-based RTP
messages.
The A interface control plane is based on the Sigtran protocol bearer specified in
standards. The resources management function of the IP voice bearer needs to be extended.
The BSSAP information is extended to enable the extended BSSAP information to transmit
IP bearer information such as IP addresses and port numbers. The A interface service plane
utilizes an IP bearer.
The establishment of IP bearer connection at the A interface of the system shown in
Fig. 11 is similar to that of Fig. 9 with the difference that code type conversions are all
performed at the MGW instead of the BSC. After the BSC selects a code type, the BSC
incorporates the information on the code type selected by the BSC into the assignment
response message of the MSC server via BSSAP signaling and the MSC server is in charge of
code type negotiation. If the BSC on the called side supports the code type selected by the
BSC on the calling side, and the optimum code type is selected, TrFO of the voice channel is
realized. Otherwise, the MSC server on the called side receives the assignment response
message of the BSC on the called side and distributes the code type selected by the BSC on
the called side to the MGW wireless side end point on the called side via a code type modify
command through the Mc interface. Alternatively, the MSC server on the called side
forwards the code type selected by the BSC on the called side to the MSC server on the
calling side. The MSC server on the calling side distributes the code type selected by the BSC
on the called side to the Nb side end point of the MGW on the calling side via a code type
change command. After receiving the command, the MGW compares the code type with that
selected by the BSC on the calling side. If they are not the same, TCs are inserted.
The hierarchical structure of protocol stack on the A/Ater interface signaling plane is
the same as that shown in Fig. 10.
If only one side of the A interface on the calling/called sides is IP-based while the
other side is of TDM, the code type conversion always occurs at the MGW of which the A
interface is of TDM. The specific implementation is similar to that of the first embodiment.

Similarly, the original TDM bearer at the Abis interface between the BTS and the
BSC may also be replaced with an IP bearer to further reduce the time delay caused by
network bearer conversion and increase utilization ratio of transmission resources.
In the case that TCs are disposed on the MGW side and TRAU frames are terminated
on the BSC side, an embodiment of the present invention also provides detailed
implementation solutions for the A interface, Nb interface and Mc interface, which will be
described one by one below.
I. Voice Protocol Stack at the A interface
Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the voice message encapsulation structure at the Abis
interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 12,
no matter whether the Abis interface is based on IP or TDM, the TRAU in the BSC uniformly
encapsulates voice messages at the Abis interface into an RTP encapsulation format without
any user plane (UP), which includes from bottom to top an MAC or PPP protocol layer, an IP
layer, an UDP layer, an RTP layer and a payload layer.
The corresponding bottom layer is an MAC layer for an FE (Fast Ethernet) or a GE
(Gigabit Ethernet) interface and is a PPP layer for a POS and IP over El interface.
For a coding method of EFR, FR or HR, the Payload layer of the corresponding top
layer bears the payload of the voice messages. For its specific byte order encapsulation
format, the encapsulation method defined in the European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI) standard (ETSI ts_101318) may be used. For the AMR coding method, since
it is a variable rate voice coding with a process of adjusting in-band voice rate, the
encapsulation method defined in the Internet Engineering Task Force Request For Comments
(IETF RFC3267) standard is used for the corresponding Payload layer.
In embodiments of the present invention, to be in accordance with TRAU, the packet
time for voice service may be uniformly set as 20 ms specifically.
Taking GSM as an example, the coding methods often used include EFR, FR, HR or
AMR. Each of the clock rates for EFR and FR is 8000 Hz. The Payload Type (PT) for FR is a
static 3. The PT for EFR is dynamic (96-127).
In the case of FR coding method, corresponding processing is relatively simple due to
the static PT.

In the case of EFR coding method, due to the PT of EFR coding for A interface, the
BSSAP signaling needs to be extended so that the PT of EFR between the BSC and the
MGW is negotiated between the MSC server and the BSC. Alternatively, the corresponding
PT is preconfigured at the MSC server and then distributed to the BSC and the MGW via the
BSSAP message and the Mc message. Alternatively, the corresponding PT (with its value
ranging 96-127) is determined by configurations on the BSC and the MGW and it is enough
to keep both sides the same.
For other coding methods such as HR, it may be implemented with reference to the
PT determining method described above, for example, being consistent with EFR or using a
dynamic PT, for which detailed description is omitted.
Definitions of PT values corresponding to different coding methods and data services
may be the following values specifically:
FR:3;
EFR: 96-127;
HR: 96-127;
AMR: 96-127;
DATA(data service): 96-127;
RED(redundancy): 96-127;
For each of the EFR, HR, AMR or data services, the data redundancies are all
dynamic PTs with specific values collectively distributed to the MGW and the BSC by the
MSC server.
Corresponding PTIME (packet time): 20ms.
DTX (Discontinuous transmission): Both the BSS and the MGW need support.
II. Implementation of the Mc interface
The MSC server provides the bearer information of the A interface to the MGW via
the Mc interface.
Specifically, the BSC reports its own bearer information such as the IP address and
the port number to the MSC server via the extended BSSAP message, and the MSC server
distributes the bearer information from the BSC and the code type negotiation result to the
MGW. At the same time, the MSC server further receives the bearer information of MGW
transmitted from the MGW and distributes it to the BSC.

For different coding methods, the SDP (Session Description Protocol) message of the
bearer information distributed by the MSC server is defined as follows:
(1)FR coding
c= IN IP4 10.10.10.1;
m=audio 49120 RTP/AVP 3;
a=ptime:20;
Where c refers to the connection information, m refers to the media name and the
transmission address and a=ptime refers to the packet time.
(2) EFR coding
c= IN IP4 10.10.10.1;
m=audio 49120 RTP/AVP 98;
a=rtpmap:98 GSM-EFR/8000;
a=ptime:20;
Where a=rtpmap refers to the media attribute lines, namely coding name.
(3) HR coding
c= IN IP4 10.10.10.1;
m=audio 49120 RTP/AVP 98;
a=rtpmap:98 GSM-HR/8000;
a=ptime:20;
(4) AMR coding
See detailed definition in RFC3267.
c= IN IP4 10.10.10.1;
m=audio 49120 RTP/AVP 97;
a=rtpmap:97 AMR/8000/1;
a=fmtp:97 mode-set=0,2,5,7;
a=maxptime:20;
(5) Data service
c= IN IP4 10.10.10.1;
m=DATA 49120 RTP/AVP 97;
SERVER ensures that the above PTs are different from each other.
III. Implementation of the Nb interface

The corresponding PT is negotiated by the Nb interface using the IPBCP.
To realize TRFO, the processing at the Nb interface should be kept consistent with
that at the A interface as much as possible. For a 2G to 2G call, the encapsulation method
without UP is used whether it is a single rate coding or a multiple rate coding. For a 2G to 3G
call, an encapsulation method consistent with that at A interface is used for single rate coding
and an encapsulation method with UP is used in the case that both 2G and 3G use the AMR
coding.
(1) Calling procedure for single rate coding/decoding
Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating a 2G to 2G calling procedure according to the second
embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 13, the call from BSC1 to BSC2 is an
intra-office call and the call from BSC1 to BSC3 is an inter-office call. Whether intra- or
inter-office call, the UP encapsulation method is not used for single rate coding/decoding
(HR/FR/EFR). Instead, a mode in which voice messages are directly encapsulated with RTP
messages is used.
Fig. 14 is the first diagram illustrating the architecture of the user plane protocol stack
at the Nb interface according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring
now to Fig. 14, which is a single rate coding payload encapsulation method corresponding to
Fig. 13. There are from bottom to top: an MAC or PPP protocol layer, an IP layer, an UDP
layer, an RTP layer and a Payload layer. The Payload layer may include data of HR, FR or
EFR coding method specifically.
(2) Multiple rate coding/decoding
Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating a networking structure of interworking 2G and 3G
according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is the second diagram
illustrating the architecture of the user plane protocol stack at the Nb interface according to
the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring now to Fig.15, which shows also
a 2G to 2G call between BSC1 and BSC2. When the AMR coding/decoding is adopted, the
corresponding encapsulation format is the encapsulation method specified by the RFC3267
shown in Fig. 16 rather than the UP encapsulation format.
The call between BSC1 and RNC1 and the call between RNC2 and BSC2 in Fig. 15
are 2G to 3G calls. For a 2G to 3G call, in the case that AMR coding/decoding is used, the
corresponding UP encapsulation method is shown in Fig. 17. Fig. 17 is the third diagram
illustrating the architecture of the user plane protocol stack at the Nb interface according to
the second embodiment of the present invention. Different from Fig. 16, the AMR Payload in

Fig. 17 is the payload of AMR. When the subscriber of 2G is the calling party, the UP
direction at the Nb interface close to 2G side is CN/Outgoing (outgoing direction of the core
network). When the subscriber of 2G is the called party, the UP direction at the Nb interface
close to 2G side is CN/lncoming (incoming direction of the core network). That is, the MGW
on the 2G side is required to accomplish the conversion from the AMR encapsulation method
without UP (A interface) to the AMR encapsulation method with UP.
After the A interface becomes IP-based, if the inter-office Nb interface uses the AMR
mode with UP, the bearer information at the Nb interface for negotiation at the Nb interface
with the IPBCP is as follows:
c=INIP4.192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 96;
a=ptime:20;
a=rtpmap:96 VND.3GPP.IUFP/16000.
After the A interface becomes IP-based, if the Nb interface does not use the AMR
mode with UP, the IPBCP negotiation may be subject to but not limited to the following
extensions respectively according to coding methods and data service types:
(1) For a 2G to 2G call, if the inter-office Nb interface uses AMR without UP of
RFC3267 method, the bearer information negotiated with the IPBCP is:
c=INIP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 96;
a=ptime:20;
a=rtpmap:96 AMR/8000/1;
(2) If RF coding is used between offices, with its PT being a static PT, the bearer
information negotiated with the IPBCP is:
c=IN IP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 3;
a=ptime:20;
(3) If EFR coding is used between offices, the PT is a dynamic PT and the bearer
information negotiated with the IPBCP is:
c=IN IP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 97;
a=ptime:20;
a=rtpmap:96 GSM-EFR/8000;

(4) If HR coding is used between offices, the PT is a dynamic PT and the bearer
information negotiated with the IPBCP is:
c=IN IP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 97;
a=ptime:20;
a=rtpmap:96 GSM-HR/8000;
(5) For an inter-office data service with UP of 5ms, the bearer information negotiated
with the IPBCP is:
c=INIP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 96;
a=ptime:5;
a=rtpmap:96 VND.3GPP.IUFP/16000;
(6) For an inter-office G.711 data service of 20ms, the bearer information negotiated
with the IPBCP is:
c=IN IP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 0;
a=ptime:20;
or:
c=IN IP4 192.168.153.21;
m=audio 764 RTP/AVP 8;
a=ptime:20.
It should be noted that the specific IP address and the port number information in the
SDP information above are only examples and may vary in practical applications. If the load
type PT information of the RTP is dynamic PT in range of 96~127, it may vary similarly in
practical applications.
In embodiments of the present invention, the data encapsulation format at the Nb
interface may specifically be the following. For 2G to 2G data services, 20 ms packaging is
used and the mode of RFC2198 standard is used for redundancy. For 2G to 3G data services,
the G.711 encapsulation method with UP of 5ms is used.
Embodiment 3

Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating the system structure for the implementation of the IP-
based Ater interface in the GSM network according to the third embodiment of the present
invention. Fig. 18 is different from Fig. 11 in that, the TRAU frames transmitted by the
system shown in Fig. 18 are terminated at the MGW side. In other words, the interface
between the BSC and the MGW corresponds to the Ater interface in the original GSM system.
Since TRAU frames are terminated at the MGW side, the interface between the BSC
and the MGW is an Ater interface. And the A interface in the original GSM system has
shrunk into inside the MGW. Sigtran bearer is used for the A interface signaling. IP bearer
mode is used for the Ater interface signaling. Signaling between the BSC and the MSC server
may be communicated directly via IP or may be forwarded via IP by the MGW. There are
two ways for the MSC server to control the establishment of the circuit of the IP bearer plane
of the Ater interface:
(1) The MSC server does not control the establishment of the circuit of the IP bearer
plane of the Ater interface. With the in-band signaling mode of the bearer plane, the MGW
and the BSC negotiate to establish an Ater interface channel via TRAU signaling. The MGW
acquires the voice code type of the BSC by resolving the TRAU frames of the Ater interface
and compare it with the code type of core network. If the code types are not consistent with
each other, a TC is inserted for conversion of voice coding.
(2) The MSC server controls the establishment of the circuit of the IP bearer plane of
the Ater interface. The resource management function of IP voice bearer mode and
information related to the IP bearer of the BSSAP protocol are extended and the Ater
interface is simulated as an A interface in the original system. The establishment of the circuit
of the IP bearer plane of the Ater interface is similar to that of Fig. 9. The difference lies in
that, after the MGW and the BSC establish IP bearer, the MSC server acquires the code type
selected by the BSC and then distributes it to the end point of the MGW corresponding to the
BSC side, hence ensuring that the code type on the BSC side is consistent with the code type
of the end point of the MGW corresponding to the BSC. Then the MGW compares code
types on both sides for consistence. If they are consistent, TrFO of voice channel is realized.
Otherwise, a TC is inserted for transcoding.
Compared with Fig. 10, the fifth TRAU layer is added in the protocol stack of the
A/Ater interface bearer plane of the system shown in Fig. 18.

As can be seen from the above-described embodiments, neither TRAU frame
processing nor conversion of voice coding is required at the BSC, only the transparent
transmission of TRAU frames is performed.
In the first, second and third embodiments described above, the transmitted TRAU
frames are terminated by the BSC or the MGW. Further, TRAU frames may also be canceled
throughout the network, that is, IP-based voice frames are output directly at the BTS.
The specific implementations will be described below with the fourth and fifth
embodiments respectively.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the IP-based GSM network according
to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 19, the establishment of
IP bearer connection between the BSC and the MGW is similar to that of Fig. 9. The BSSAP
protocol needs to be extended as necessary for transmitting IP bearer information such as the
IP address and the port number. If the code type on the MGW side of the calling side BSC is
inconsistent with that on the called side of the called side BSC, a TC is inserted on the MGW
side for transcoding. After the IP bearer connection is established, the BTS outputs IP-based
voice frames, such as IP/UDP/RTP/VOICE messages and the BSC receives the voice frames
to forward them to the MGW.
In the above-described embodiment, since bearer mode conversion is not required, the
time delay of transmission is decreased and the quality of voice transmission is enhanced.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, after the IP bearer connection is
established, the BSC may alternatively not participate in the forwarding of voice frames, and
voice frames are communicated directly between the BTS and the MGW, which further
decreases the time delay caused by the voice frames forwarding at the BSC and saves the
processing capacity of the BSC, which is described specifically in the fifth embodiment.
Embodiment S
Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the IP-based GSM network according
to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The BSC communicates signaling with the
BTS and the MSC server via a signaling channel such as Link Access Procedure on the D

channel (LAPD) and a BSSAP, respectively, and does not participate in the forwarding of
voice frames on bearer plane. In the present embodiment, in order to establish the bearer
connection between the BTS and the MGW, the BSSAP protocol and the LAPD protocol
need to be extended with respect to IP bearer information. The establishment of the bearer
connection is similar to that of Fig. 9. The difference is as follows. The BSC receives the
assignment message and acquires the IP bearer information and then transmits it to the BTS
via LAPD signaling. The BTS acquires the IP address and the port number assigned for the
call by the MGW wireless side and assigns the IP address and the port number of its own side
BTS for the call. The BTS reports the IP bearer information (the IP address and the port
number) assigned for the call to the BSC. The BSC then transmits the IP address and the port
number assigned by the BTS carried in the assignment response message to the MSC server.
The MSC server then indicates them to the MGW. The BTS and the MGW may establish the
bearer if both of them know the IP address and the port number of each other. The code type
used by the BTS, i.e. the selected code type carried in the assignment response message by
the BSC, is completely controlled by the BSC. The MSC server distributes the BTS code type
selected by the wireless side to the MGW to ensure that the code type of the wireless side end
point of the MGW is always consistent with the code type used by the BTS. The MSC server
conducts code type negotiation for the full path of the voice channel. If the negotiation
succeeds, TrFO is realized. If the negotiation fails, the MGW on the calling side or the MGW
on the called side is selected into which a TC for code type conversion is inserted.
In practical applications, the MS may also switch among different BTSs. The BSC
transmits notifications to the MSC server to notify the MSC server of the new IP addresses
and the port numbers of the BTSs. The MSC server receives the notifications, distributes
notifications for changing the bearer of the MGW and accomplishes bearer switching.
The sixth and seventh embodiments are set forth below to explain the signaling
control procedure of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
Fig. 21 is a diagram illustrating the signaling procedure of arranging a TC at the BSC
side according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the TC
is disposed at the BSC, the BSC converts voice coding, and the IP bearer connection is

established at the calling party. Referring to Fig.21, the procedure includes the following
steps.
In step 211, the MS initiates a call that is forwarded to the MSC server via the BTS
and the BSC.
In step 212, the MSC server returns a message to the MS, indicating that the call
request is being processed.
In step 213, the MSC server transmits a message to the MGW for adding a wireless
side end point.
In steps 211-213, the call request message received by the MSC server contains
information about the code types supported by the MS itself. An intersection between the
code types and code types supported by the MSC server is found to form a priority list of the
code type and a wireless side end point is added at the MGW via the Mc interface.
In step 214, the MGW receives the message for adding a wireless side end point and
returns a response message.
In this step, the MGW receives the message for adding a wireless side end point,
assigns an IP address and a port number for the call, and the response message includes the IP
address and the port number assigned for the call by the MGW.
In step 215, the MSC server receives the response message and transmits an
assignment message to the BSC. The message contains the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call by the MGW and the MSC server priority list of the code type.
In step 216, the BSC receives the assignment message, returns an assignment
response message containing the assigned IP bearer information and the selected code type.
In this step, the BSC receives the response message, acquires the IP address and the
port number assigned by the MGW for the call, assigns the IP address and the port number of
its own side for the call and initiates the establishment of the IP bearer at the same time.
Selecting a code type by the BSC to be used by itself may be selecting a code type according
to the order of priority in the priority list of the code type provided by the MSC server or
according to its own policy. The BSC returns an assignment response message to the MSC
server which contains the code type selected by the BSC and the IP address and the port
number assigned by the BSC for the call. The MSC server initiates code type negotiation for
the full voice channel call via the following steps.
The BSC selects a code type and transmits the code type information to the MSC
server. The MSC server passes backwardly the code type selected by the BSC and places the

code type selected by the BSC on the calling side at the first position of the priority list of the
code type for distributing to the BSC on the called side. If the BSC on the called side
supports and selects the code type selected by the BSC on the calling side, a full path TrFO
voice channel may be realized. Otherwise, the code type selected by the BSC on the called
side is inconsistent with the priority order in the MSC server priority list of the code type,
code type conversion needs to be performed at the BSC on the called side. For example, the
calling party assigns FR/EFR, and the BSC on the calling side selects FR. The MSC server on
the calling side passes the FR backwardly. The called MS supports HR/FR/EFR. The MSC
server on the called side distributes FR/HR/EFR to the BSC on the called side. If the BSC on
the called side selects FR, then the code type selected by the BSC on the calling side is
consistent with the preferred code type recommended by the MSC server on the calling side,
and a full path TrFO voice channel may be realized without inserting any TC for code type
conversion. If the BSC on the called side selects HR which is fed back to the MSC server on
the called side via the assignment response message. The MSC server on the called side finds
out that TrFO cannot be realized in its own segment through analysis and judgment and
distributes a code type modify message to the BSC on the called side to instruct the BSC on
the called side to implement code type conversion between FR and HR.
In practical applications, after the IP bearer connection is established, if the BSC
needs to change the selected code type due to reasons such as wireless network capacity, the
BSC changes the selected code type by itself and reports it to the MSC server, and a code
type re-negotiation is initiated. The process is similar to the code type negotiation during the
call establishment. The difference is that, the case in which the MSC server on the called side
passes preferred code type to the MSC server on the calling side may occur. After the code
type of the BSC on one side changes, the TrFO of the full voice channel may be broken.
However, it is possible that the original non-TrFO call becomes a TrFO call through re-
negotiation.
Embodiment 7
Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating the signaling procedure of arranging a TC at the
MGW side according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig.22, the
procedure includes the following steps.

In step 221, the MS initiates a call that is forwarded to the MSC server via the BTS
and the BSC.
In step 222, the MSC server returns a message to the MS, indicating that the call
request is being processed.
In step 223, the MSC server transmits a message to the MGW for adding a wireless
side end point.
In steps 221-223, the call request message received by the MSC server contains
information about the code types supported by the MS itself, an intersection between the code
types and code types supported by the MSC server is found to form a priority list of the code
type and a wireless side end point is added at the MGW via the Mc interface.
In step 224, the MGW receives the message for adding a wireless side end point and
returns a response message.
In this step, the MGW receives the message for adding a wireless side end point,
assigns an IP address and a port number for the call, and the response message includes the IP
address and the port number assigned by the MGW for the call.
In step 225, the MSC server receives the response message and transmits an
assignment message to the BSC which contains the IP address and the port number assigned
by the MGW for the call and the MSC server priority list of the code type.
In step 226, the BSC receives the assignment message and returns an assignment
response message.
In this step, the BSC receives the assignment message, acquires from the assignment
message the IP address and the port number assigned by the MGW for the call, assigns the IP
address and the port number of its own party for the call and establishes the IP bearer.
Selecting a code type by the BSC used by itself may be selecting a code type according to the
order of priority in the priority list of the code type provided by the MSC server or according
to its own policy. An assignment response message containing information about the code
type selected by the BSC and the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by the
BSC is transmitted to the MSC server.
In step 227, the MSC server receives the assignment response message, acquires the
information on the IP address and the port number assigned by the BSC for the call, generates
a bearer and code type modify message and transmits it to the wireless side end point of the
MGW.

In step 228, the wireless side end point of the MGW receives the IP bearer
information and the code type modify message, performs corresponding processing and
returns a response message.
In this step, once the MGW obtains the wireless side IP bearer information specified
by the BSC, the MGW may initiate the establishment of bearer to the BSC/BTS on the
wireless side. The wireless side end point of the MGW receives the code type modify
message, modifies the code type of the end point according to the code type instructed in the
message and returns a response message to the MSC server.
The processing of signaling on the called side is similar to that on the calling side.
The code type of the wireless network side end point of the BSC is to be ensured consistent
with the code type of the BSC side end point of the MGW by the code type modify message.
The MGW is only required to compare the code types of the Nb interface and the A/Ater
interface for determining their consistence. If the code types are inconsistent, code type
converting TCs are inserted; otherwise, no code type converting TC is inserted and a full path
or half path TrFO voice channel is realized.
After the IP bearer connection is established, the BSC initiates a code type change
request when code types are required to be changed or switched. After changing the code
types of end points corresponding to all MGWs, the MSC server transmits code type change
response message to the BSC. The BSC changes code types.
In the embodiments of the present invention, by using IP transmission between the
BSS and the MSS, the object of saving transmission resources may be achieved with the
packet multiplexing feature of IP. In practical applications, the transmission efficiency may
be further increased with relevant techniques such as Compressed Real-Time Protocol
(CRTP), Real-Time Protocol Multiplexing (RTP Multiplex), Point to Point Protocol
Multiplex (PPPMUX) and IP header multiplex.
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are described
further in details in connection with the above preferred embodiments. It is understood that
exemplary embodiments provided above are only preferred embodiments of the present
invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications,
equivalent replacements and improvements within the principle of the present invention
should be contained in the scope of the present invention.

WE CLAIM:
1. A method for establishing a bearer for a GSM network, comprising:
receiving, by a Media Gateway, MGW, a message for adding a wireless side end
point, assigning an IP address and a port number for a call, and transmitting a response
message comprising the IP address and the port number assigned for the call; and
acquiring, by the MGW, an IP address and a port number assigned for the call by a
wireless side Base Station Subsystem, BSS, and establishing an IP bearer with the wireless
side BSS.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein before the receiving the message for adding a
wireless side end point, the method further comprises:
receiving, by a Mobile Switching Center, MSC, server, a call request message
transmitted by a mobile station; and
transmitting, by the MSC server, to the MGW the message for adding a wireless side
end point.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the call request message containing information
about code types supported by the mobile station itself; and
after the receiving the call request message transmitted by the mobile station, the
method further comprises:
establishing, by the MSC server, a priority list of code type according to the call
request message.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the acquiring the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the wireless side BSS comprises:
negotiating and establishing, by a Base Station Controller, BSC, and the MGW, an
Ater interface channel between the BSC and the MGW through coding and rate adaption unit
signaling in an in-band signaling mode on a bearer plane;
acquiring the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by the MGW and
assigning its own IP address and port number for the call; and

acquiring, by the MGW, the IP address and the port number assigned for the call by
the BSC through the Ater interface channel.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the acquiring the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the wireless side BSS comprises:
receiving, by the MSC server, the response message containing the IP address and the
port number assigned for the call returned by the MGW;
transmitting, by the MSC server, the IP address and the port number assigned by the
MGW for the call in an assignment message to a wireless side BSS;
assigning, by the wireless side BSS, an IP address and a port number for the call and
returning the IP address and the port number assigned for the call returned by the wireless
side BSS in an assignment response message to the MSC server; and
transmitting, by the MSC server, information containing the IP address and the port
number to the Media Gateway.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the acquiring the IP address and the port number
assigned for the call by the wireless side BSS comprises:
receiving, by a Base Station Controller, BSC, the assignment message; acquiring, by
the Base Station Controller, the IP address and the port number of the Media Gateway;
assigning, by the Base Station Controller, the IP address and the port number for the call;
initiating, by the Base Station Controller, the establishment of the IP bearer and transmitting
the assignment response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call by the BSC to the MSC Server;
or
transmitting, by the BSC, the IP address and the port number of the MGW to a Base
Station Transceiver via signaling after receiving the assignment message and acquiring the IP
address and the port number of the MGW; acquiring, by the Base Station Transceiver, the IP
address and the port number assigned for the call by the MGW, assigning, by the Base
Station Transceiver, an IP address and a port number of its own side for the call, reporting by
the Base Station Transceiver, the IP address and the port number assigned for the call to the

BSC; then incorporating, by the BSC, the IP address and the port number assigned by the
Base Station Transceiver in the assignment response message and transmitting the
assignment response message to the MSC server; and presenting, by the MSC server, the
assignment response message to the MGW.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the assignment message further contains priority
list of the code type, and the method further comprises:
selecting, by the wireless side BSS, a code type according to an order of priority in the
priority list of the code type or the BSS's own policy after receiving the assignment message,
and returning the assignment response message containing the code type selected by the
wireless side BSS to the MSC server;
performing, by the MSC server, code type negotiation according to the assignment
response message.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the performing code type negotiation according to
the assignment response message comprises:
receiving, by the MSC server, the assignment response message;
transmitting a bearer and code type modify message to the MGW, wherein the bearer
and code type modify message carries the IP address and the port number assigned by the
wireless side BSS for the call; and
receiving, by the MGW, the bearer and code type modify message transmitted by the
MSC server, modifying code type of the wireless side end point according to the code type
selected by the wireless side BSS, and establishing the IP bearer with the wireless side BSS.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the MSC server, the wireless side BSS and the
MGW in the claims 1 to 8 are on a calling side of the call, the performing code type
negotiation according to the assignment response message further comprises:
placing, by the MSC server on the calling side, the code type selected by the wireless
side BSS on the calling side at the first position in the priority list of the code type and then
transmitting the priority list of the code type backwardly to a MSC server on a called side;
and distributing, by the MSC server on the called side, the acquired priority list of the code
type to the BSC on the called side; and

if the wireless side BSS on the called side supports the code type selected by the
wireless side BSS on the calling side, the code type negotiation being successful; otherwise,
feeding back, by the wireless side BSS on the called side the selected code type to the MSC
server on the called side via the assignment response message, distributing, by the MSC
Server on the called side, a message for changing the code type to a BSC on the called side
or a MGW on the called side, or distributing, by the MSC Server on the called side, a
message for changing the code type to the BSC on the calling side or the MGW on the calling
side via the MSC Server on the calling side; accomplishing, by the BSC on the called side or
the MGW on the called side or the BSC on the calling side or the MGW on the calling side,
conversion between the code type selected by the wireless side BSS on the calling side and
the code type selected by the wireless side BSS on the called side.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein when between the MGW on the called side and
the BSC on the called side is a Time Division Multiplexing bearer, the method further
comprises:
accomplishing, by the MGW on the called side, the bearer format conversion from IP
to TDM.
11. The method of claim 5, wherein after the transmitting the IP address and the port
number assigned by the MGW for the call in an assignment message to a wireless side BSS,
the method further comprises: selecting, by the wireless side BSS, a code type; acquiring, by
the MGW, a voice code type of the BSC by adopting in-band signaling of bearer plane and
comparing the code type with the code type of core network, and, if not consistent, inserting
transcoders for conversion of voice coding; or
selecting, by the wireless side BSS, a code type, returning an assignment response
message containing the code type selected by the wireless side BSS to the MSC server;
distributing, by the MSC server, the code type selected by the wireless side BSS to the MGW
after obtaining the code type selected; comparing, by the MGW, the code type with the code
type of the core network for consistence and, if not consistent, inserting transcoders for
transcoding.

12. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: changing, by the
wireless side BSS, the code type;
when determining that transcoders are disposed on the wireless side BSS , changing,
by the wireless side BSS, the selected code type and reporting the selected code type to the
MSC server that initiates code type re-negotiation; or
when changing or switching the code type, initiating, by the wireless side BSS, a code
type change request; transmitting, by the MSC server, a code type change response message
to the wireless side BSS after finishing the change of the code type of corresponding end
point of the MGW; and changing, by the wireless side BSS, the code type according to the
received code type change response message.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining, by the wireless side BSS, voice compression coded payload data by
removing an coding and rate adaption unit encapsulation from the received wireless side data;
and
encapsulating the voice compression coded payload data in IP packets and
transmitting the IP packets to the MGW via an A interface between the wireless side BSS and
the MGW.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein after the MGW receives the compression coded
payload data, the method further comprises:
determining, by the MGW, a compression coding method and/or an encapsulation
method used for the voice compression coded payload data and determining whether the
compression coding method and/or the encapsulation method are the same as a compression
coding method and/or an encapsulation method used on a receiving end side of the voice
compression coded payload data; if they are the same, directly transmitting the data to the
receiving end of the data; otherwise converting the compression coding method and/or the
encapsulation method of the data into the compression coding method and/or the
encapsulation method on the receiving end side and transmitting the data to the receiving end.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the step of determining, by the MGW, the
compression coding method used for the voice compression coded payload data comprises:

transmitting, by the wireless side BSS, the compression coding method used for the
received voice compression coded payload data to the MSC server that transmits the
compression coding method used for the data to the MGW in turn.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
transmitting, by the wireless side BSS, bearer information of the data to the MSC
server; and transmitting, by the MSC server, the bearer information of the data to the MGW;
and/or
receiving, by the wireless side BSS, the bearer information of the data transmitted by
the MSC server, wherein the bearer information of the data is transmitted by the MGW to the
MSC.
17. The method of claim 13,14 or 15, further comprising:
in the Second Generation Mobile Communication System, for single rate coding,
performing service transmission between the MGW on the calling subscriber side and the
MGW on the called subscriber side, without using the user plane encapsulation method; and
in the Second Generation Mobile Communication System and the Third Generation
Mobile Communication System, if single rate coding is used between the MGW on the
calling subscriber side and the MGW on the called subscriber side, performing service
transmission without using the user plane encapsulation method, and if multiple rate coding is
used, performing service transmission by using the user plane encapsulation method.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein a real-time transmission protocol encapsulation
method is used for service transmission between the BSC and the MGW.
19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
establishing an IP bearer between the BSC and the Base Station Transceiver for the
transmitting of voice frames based on the IP protocol.
20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
switching a mobile station among different Base Station Transceivers of a same BSC;
and

acquiring, by the BSC, an IP address and a port number of a Base Station Transceiver
of the switched party, and initiating a notification event to the MSC server to notify the MSC
server of information on the IP address and the port number of the Base Station Transceiver
of the switched party; and changing, by the MSC server, the bearer of the Media Gateway
and completing switch of the bearer.
21. A base station control equipment, characterized by comprising a receiving unit, a
processing unit and a transmitting unit, wherein
the receiving unit is configured to receive an assignment message and transmit the
assignment message to the processing unit;
the processing unit is configured to receive the assignment message, acquire an IP
address and a port number of the Media Gateway contained in the message, assign an IP
address and a port number for a call, initiate the establishment of an IP bearer and transmit an
assignment response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the
call by the equipment to the transmitting unit; and
the transmitting unit is configured to receive and transmit the assignment response
message.
22. The equipment of claim 21, wherein the receiving unit is further configured to
receive wireless side data and the processing unit comprises:
an coding and rate adaption unit terminating module, configured to remove a coding
and rate adaption unit encapsulation from the received wireless side data to acquire voice
compression coded payload data; and
a data encapsulating module, configured to encapsulate the voice compression coded
payload data obtained by the coding and rate adaption unit terminating module in IP packets,
and output the IP packets to the transmitting unit.
23. The equipment of claim 22, wherein the processing unit further comprises:
a code converting module, configured to convert a code type according to a code type
modify message distributed by the Mobile Switching Center Server.
24. A Media Gateway, characterized by comprising a receiving unit, a processing unit
and a transmitting unit, wherein:

the receiving unit is configured to receive a message for adding a wireless side end
point and a bearer and code type modify message, and transmit the messages to the
processing unit;
the processing unit is configured to receive the message for adding a wireless side end
point, assign an IP address and a port number for a call, output a response message containing
the IP address and the port number assigned for the call to the transmitting unit; receive the
bearer and code type modify message, acquire, from the message, the IP address and the port
number assigned for the call by the wireless side BSS and establish an IP bearer with the
wireless side BSS; and
the transmitting unit is configured to receive and transmit the response message.
25. The Media Gateway of claim 24, wherein:
the receiving unit is further configured to receive IP packets transmitted via the A
interface, the IP packets containing the voice compression coded payload data with the
coding and rate adaption unit encapsulation removed;
the processing unit is further configured to convert the compression coding method
and/or the encapsulation method of the voice compression coded payload data in the IP
packets into the compression coding method and/or the encapsulation method used at the
receiving end and then incorporating the data in the IP packets; and
the transmitting unit is further configured to transmit the IP packets converted by the
processing unit.
26. A Mobile Switching Center Server, characterized by comprising a receiving unit,
a processing unit and a transmitting unit, wherein:
the receiving unit is configured to receive a call request message containing code
types supported by a mobile station itself from the mobile station, a response message
containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call returned by the Media
Gateway and an assignment response message returned by the wireless side BSS, and
transmitting them to the processing unit;
the processing unit is configured to establish a priority list of the code type according
to the call request message, transmit a message for adding a wireless side end point to the
transmitting unit; generate an assignment message according to the received response
message and the priority list of the code type and output the assignment message to the

transmitting unit; conduct code type negotiation according to the received assignment
response message and output to the transmitting unit information containing the IP address
and the port number assigned for the call by the wireless side BSS; and
the transmitting unit is configured to receive and transmit to the Media Gateway the
message for adding a wireless side end point and information containing the IP address and
the port number assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller output by the processing
unit; and receive the assignment message output by the processing unit and transmit the
assignment message to the wireless side BSS.
27. A system for establishing a bearer for a GSM network comprising a Base Station
Controller, a Mobile Switching Center server and a Media Gateway, wherein the Media
Gateway is configured to establish an IP bearer with the Base Station Controller, wherein
the Mobile Switching Center server is configured to transmit a message for adding a
wireless side end point to the Media Gateway, receive a response message returned by the
Media Gateway, transmit an assignment message to the Base Station Controller; receive the
assignment response message returned by the Base Station Controller, conduct code type
negotiation and transmit information containing the IP address and the port number assigned
for the call by the Base Station Controller to the Media Gateway;
the Media Gateway is further configured to receive the message for adding a wireless
side end point transmitted by the Mobile Switching Center server, return the response
message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for the call to the Mobile
Switching Center Server; receive information on the IP address and the port number assigned
for the call by the Base Station Controller and establish an IP bearer with the Base Station
Controller; and
the Base Station Controller is configured to receive the assignment message
transmitted by the Mobile Switching Center server, acquire the IP address and the port
number of the MGW wireless side end point contained in the message, assign the IP address
and the port number for the call, initiate establishment of the IP bearer and transmit to the
Mobile Switching Center server the assignment response message containing the IP address
and the port number assigned for the call by the Base Station Controller.
28. The system of claim 27, wherein the Base Station Controller is further configured
to receive wireless side data, remove a coding and rate adaption unit encapsulation from the

received wireless side data to obtain voice compression coded payload data, and encapsulate
the voice compression coded payload data in IP packets for transmission; and
the Media Gateway is further configured to acquire the voice compression coded
payload data encapsulated in the IP packets transmitted by the Base Station Controller via an
A interface between the Base Station Controller and the Media Gateway, for subsequent
transmission.

A method for establishing a bearer for a GSM network is disclosed in embodiments of
the present invention. The method includes: receiving, by a Media Gateway, a message for
adding a wireless side end point, assigning an IP address and a port number for a call and
transmitting a response message containing the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call; acquiring, by the Media Gateway, the IP address and the port number assigned for
the call by the Base Station Controller via the Mobile Switching Center Server and
establishing an IP bearer with the Base Station Controller. A device and a system for
establishing a bearer for a GSM network are also disclosed in embodiments of the present
invention. With the present invention, a full or part path transcoder-free operation may be
realized, which can avoid quality reduction and transmission delay caused by multiple
transcodings of voice and save TC resources and transmission resources.

Documents:

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Patent Number 279225
Indian Patent Application Number 2883/KOLNP/2009
PG Journal Number 03/2017
Publication Date 20-Jan-2017
Grant Date 16-Jan-2017
Date of Filing 10-Aug-2009
Name of Patentee HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Applicant Address HUAWEI ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, BANTIAN, LONGGANG DISTRICT, SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518129, P.R. CHINA
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 LUO, SHAOHUA HUAWEI ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, BANTIAN, LONGGANG DISTRICT, SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518129, P.R. CHINA
2 ZHANG, HAO HUAWEI ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, BANTIAN, LONGGANG DISTRICT, SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518129, P.R. CHINA
3 LIU, ZHENHUA HUAWEI ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, BANTIAN, LONGGANG DISTRICT, SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518129, P.R. CHINA
PCT International Classification Number H04W8/26; H04W8/00
PCT International Application Number PCT/CN2008/070249
PCT International Filing date 2008-02-02
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 200710105889.X 2007-06-01 China
2 200710006885.6 2007-02-02 China