Title of Invention	A METHOD FOR DESIGNING MINI RESOURCE UNIT AND TRANSMISSION FOR A DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNIT IN CONSIDERATION OF SPACE FREQUENCY BLOCK CODE
Abstract	A method and device for wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station, including exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th symbol includes: n1 pilots allocated per a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU. (Psc - n1) data subcarriers renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc- n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers grouped into LDRU, Lpair,1 pairs and renumbered 0 to LDRU, Lpair,1 -1, and logically contiguous formed tone pairs (i. Lpair,1; (i+1), Lpair,l-1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to mapp into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,...,LDRU-1.

Title of Invention

A METHOD FOR DESIGNING MINI RESOURCE UNIT AND TRANSMISSION FOR A DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNIT IN CONSIDERATION OF SPACE FREQUENCY BLOCK CODE

Abstract

A method and device for wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station, including exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th symbol includes: n1 pilots allocated per a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU. (Psc - n1) data subcarriers renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc- n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers grouped into LDRU, Lpair,1 pairs and renumbered 0 to LDRU, Lpair,1 -1, and logically contiguous formed tone pairs (i. Lpair,1; (i+1), Lpair,l-1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to mapp into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,...,LDRU-1.

Full Text	[description] [invention Title] A METHOD FOR DESIGNING MINI RESOURCE UNIT AND TRANSMISSION FOR A DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNIT IN CONSIDERATION OF SPACE FREQUENCY BLOCK CODE [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a wideband wireless mobile communication system supporting SFBC (Space Frequency Block Coding). [Background Art] Fading is the distortion that a carrier-modulated telecommunication signal experiences over certain propagation media. A fading channel is a communication channel that experiences fading. In wireless systems, fading is due to multi-path propagation and is sometimes referred to as multipath induced fading. In wireless communications, the presence of reflectors in the environment surrounding a transmitter and receiver creates multiple paths that a transmitted signal can traverse. As a result, the receiver sees the superposition of multiple copies of the transmitted signal, each traversing a different path. Each signal copy will experience differences in attenuation, delay and phase shift while traveling from the source to the receiver. This can result in either constructive or destructive interference, amplifying or attenuating the signal power seen at the receiver. Strong destructive interference is frequently referred to as a deep fade and may result in temporary failure of communication due to a severe drop in the channel signal-to-noise ratio. In telecommunications, a diversity scheme refers to a method for improving the reliability of a message signal by utilizing two or more communication channels with different characteristics. Diversity plays an important role in combating fading and co-channel interference and avoiding error bursts. Diversity exists because individual channels experience different levels of fading and interference. Multiple versions of the same signal may be transmitted and/or received and combined in the receiver. Alternatively, a redundant forward error correction code may be added and different parts of the message transmitted over different channels. Diversity techniques may exploit the multipath propagation, resulting in a diversity gain, often measured in decibels. Diversity scheme can be classified into time diversity, frequency diversity, space diversity, polarization diversity, multi-user diversity, and cooperative diversity. For time diversity among these, multiple versions of the same signal are transmitted at different time instants. Alternatively, a redundant forward error correction code is added and the message is spread in time by means of bit- interleaving before it is transmitted. Thus, error bursts are avoided, which simplifies the error correction. For frequency diversity, the signal is transferred using several frequency channels or spread over a wide spectrum that is affected by frequency-selective fading. In a broadband wireless mobile communication system, resources can be allocated in distributed manner for transmission to have frequency diversity gain. Strategies for distributed allocation of resources can be different according to the combinations of the number of DRUs (Distributed Resource Units) assigned to a user and the available bandwidth for forming DRUs for the user. The number of DRUs assigned to a user is proportional to the packet size allocated to the user, and the available bandwidth for forming DRUs is proportional to the number of LRUs (Logical Resource Units) allocated to the user. Fig. 1 illustrates possible combinations of a packet size and the number of LRUs (the available bandwidth) for forming DRUs. Region 1 of Fig. 1 represents the combination of small amount of available bandwidth and large packet size, and Region 3 represents the combination of large amount of available bandwidth and large packet size. In Region 1 and Region 3, performance difference between possible distributed resource allocation strategies is negligible because the packet size is large in these regions so that the packet is more likely to spread over frequency. However, even in region 4, performance difference between possible distributed resource allocation strategies would not be significant if the size of a fractional PRU (Physical Resource Unit) or MRU (Mini physical Resource Unit) is small, because a number of MRUs of small size can be allocated in the manner that the MRUs spread over frequency axis due to large available bandwidth for forming DRUs. Therefore, in terms of diversity gain, the smaller a MRU size is, the better a system performance becomes. Therefore, generally one sub-carrier as the minimum unit for forming the DRU can obtain more diversity gain than other structure for the minimum unit. However, designing a MRU as a minimum unit for forming a DRU should be approached in view of flexibility as well as diversity because a wireless mobile communication system may support various sub-frame configurations. For example, a communication system may adopt FFR (Fractional Frequency Reuse) and FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) of DRU and CRU (contiguous resource unit). Also in some configuration, there exist those sub-frame configurations where STBC (Space-Time Block Code) is not suitable for data transmission. STBC is not suitable for a sub-frame having "odd" number of symbols. In TDD (Time Division Duplexing) mode, a total of odd number of symbols may be allocated for an irregular sub-frames (5 symbols) for TTG (Transmission Transition Gap), for a sub-frame including preamble, for a sub-frame including mid-amble, for an irregular sub-frame with other CP (Cyclic Prefix) size (e.g., 7 symbols for 1/16 CP) , for a sub-frame including TDM MAP (Time Division Multiplexing), etc. In FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing) mode, a total of odd number of symbols may be allocated for a sub-frame including preamble, a sub-frame including mid- amble, an irregular sub-frame with other CP size (e.g., 7 symbols for 1/16 CP), a sub-frame including TDM MAP, etc. Although STBC is not suitable for many sub-frame configurations, SFBC (Spatial Frequency Block Coding) can support all the sub-frame configurations. Therefore, as discovered by the present inventors, a need has arisen to create a structure for the minimum unit for forming a DRU for replacing STBC by SFBC or to support both STBC and SFBC, in consideration of diversity gain performance. [Disclosure of Invention] [Technical Problem] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention concerns how to decide the size of the minimum unit for forming a DRU provides strong diversity gain and that supports a SFBC MIMO operations and to transmit the DRUs. [Technical Solution) In an aspect of the invention, there is a method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station. The method includes exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th OFDMA symbol includes n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining Ldru (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to LDRU • Lpair,1 -1, and the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,l ; (i + 1) • Lpair,1 _1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,..., Ldru-1- Ldru = number of DRUs, Psc = number of subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (Psc - n1)/2. In an aspect of the invention, there is a method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station. The method includes exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. For each 1-th OFDMA symbol in the subframe, the n1 pilots within each DRU are allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme. Denote the data subcarriers of DRUFpi[j] in the 1-th OFDMA symbol as SC_DRUFPi(j),1[n] , 0 and 0 frequency partition and LDRU,FPi indicates the number of DRUFPi[•]included in i-th frequency partition and Lsc,1 indicates the number of data subcarriers in 1-th OFDMA symbol within a PRU i.e., LSC,1 = Psc - n1 that Psc means the number of subcarrier within one OFDMA symbol of a PRU. Renumber the LDRU,FPi • LSC,1 data subcarriers of the DRUs in order, from 0 to LDRU/FPi • Lsc,1 -1. Group these contiguous and logically renumbered subcarriers into LDRU,FPi • LSP,1 pairs and renumber them from 0 to LDRU,FPi • Lsp,1-1, where LSP,1 indicates the number of data subcarrier-pairs in the 1-th OFDMA symbol within a PRU and is equal to Lsc,1/2 (LSP,1 = Lsc,1/2). The renumbered subcarrier pairs in the 1-th OFDMA symbol are denoted by RSPFPi,1[u] that equals {SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v], SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v+1]}, 0 LSP,1) and v=u mod LSP,1. The predetermined permutation formula map RSPFPi,1[u] into the s-th distributed LRUs, S = 0,1,..., LDRU,FPi -1. In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes transmitting the PRU from the base station to the mobile communication terminal. In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal from the base station. In another aspect, the predetermined permutation formula is pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1, t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 = 0, 1r ..., Nsym-1, where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair index of an mth tone pair (0 OFDMA symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame, s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeqO is a permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function or a lookup table. In another aspect, the predetermined permutation formula is given by SC_DRUFpi(i],i [m] = RSPFpi,i [k] , and k is Ldro,fpi • f (m, s)+g (PermSeqO , s,m, l,t) where is the m-th subcarrier pair in the 1-th OFDMA symbol in the s-th distributed LRU of the t-th subframe and m is the subcarrier pair index, 0 to LSP,i-l and t is the subframe index with respect to the frame. In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes for each 1th OFDMA symbol, allocating m pilots in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, renumbering the remaining LDRU • (Psc _ ni) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - rii) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDru * LPair,i tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to L dro ' Lpairri _1/ and mapping the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,i ; (i + D • Lpair,i -1) into ith distributed LRUs by applying a predetermined permutation formula, where i = 0, 1,..., LDru~1- In another aspect, there is a communications device configured to wirelessly communicate with another device. The communications device includes a memory; and a processor operatively connected to the memory and configured to exchange a physical resource unit (PRU) with the another device. The PRU has a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th OFDMA symbol includes: ni pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU ¦ (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDru • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to LDru • Lpair.1 -1, and the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,i ; (i+1) • Lpairii -1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1. In another aspect, the communications device is a base station in a mobile communications network, the base station being configured to encode and transmit the PRU. In another aspect, the communications device is a mobile communications terminal in a mobile communications network, the mobile communications terminal being configured to receive and decode the PRU. [Advantageous Effects] The minimum unit for forming a DRU according to the present invention has an advantageous effect on providing a diversity gain and supporting SFBC MIMO operations. [Brief Description of Drawings] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings: Fig. 1 illustrates a diagram for comparing performance in terms of diversity gain according to combinations of packet sizes and available bandwidths for a user. Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary DRU structures according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6A illustrates another exemplary DRU structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6B illustrates a method for forming the structures shown in Fig. 6A. Fig. 7 illustrates a structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 show other structures of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention.] Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a frame structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a subcarrier-to-DRU mapping according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 shows a structure of a wireless communication system capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs. 2-14 . Fig. 16 is a block diagram showing constitutional elements of a communication device capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs. 2-14. [Mode for Invention] Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description, which will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary embodiments of the present invention, rather than to show the only embodiments that can be implemented according to the invention. The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without such specific details. For example, the following description will be given centering on specific terms, but the present invention is not limited thereto and any other terms may be used to represent the same meanings. A DRU comprises sub-carriers spread across a resource allocation region. Although the minimum unit for forming the DRU may equal to one sub-carrier or a fraction of the DRU, the optimum size of the minimum unit may differ according to possible resource configurations. Hereinafter in this document, (x, y) denotes the size of a resource unit consisting of 'x' sub-carriers and 'y' OFDMA symbols. When deciding a size of a MRU constituting a DRU, diversity gain issue should be taken into consideration. A smaller "minimum DRU forming unit (Minimum-Resource Unit; MRU) " is preferred to a larger minimum DRU forming unit because a smaller minimum DRU forming unit can achieve larger diversity gain than the larger minimum DRU forming units. Meanwhile, when deciding a size of the MRU, the ability to support SFBC should be taken into consideration for those sub-frame configurations where STBC is not suitable for data transmission. For these sub-frame configurations, it is advantageous to use SFBC in place of STBC. Generally, at least two sub-carriers should be contiguous in order to replace STBC by SFBC, or to support both STBC and SFBC, or to support all the other sub-frame configurations. Considering the matters discussed above, the minimum DRU forming units introduced by the present invention may include two or more sub-carriers. Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention are described. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a DRU comprises 'k' MRUs. A MRU of a DRU may have a size of (2n, Nsym) if the size of PRU is (Psc, Nsym) , where 'PSc' denotes the number of sub-carriers constituting the DRU, 'Nsym' denotes the number of symbols constituting the DRU, Psc equals to k2n, '2n' represents the number of sub- carriers constituting the MRU, 'k' is a natural number denoting the number of MRUs included in the DRU, and 'n' is a natural number. With this MRU configuration, SFBC can be supported with the simplest permutation rule. Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary DRU structures according to an embodiment of the present invention. The exemplary DRU illustrated in (a) of Fig. 2 consists of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of the DRU is (18, 6). The DRU consists of nine (9) MRUs (k=9). The size of each MRU is (2, 6). The exemplary DRU illustrated in (b) of Fig. 2 consists of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of the DRU is (18, 6) . The DRU is comprised of three (3) MRUs (k=3). The size of each MRU is (6, 6). For the structures of Fig. 2, permutation may be conducted in units of 6 symbols. However, it should be noted that the permutation can be conducted in any units of symbols. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the size of a DRU is (PSc, Nsym) and the size of a MRU is (2n, 2m), where 'Psc' denotes the number of sub- carriers constituting the DRU, 'Nsym' denotes the number of symbols constituting the DRU, '2n' represents the number of sub-carriers constituting the MRU, '2m' represents the number of symbols constituting the MRU, 'n' is an integer satisfying 1=n=Psc/2, and 'm' is an integer satisfying 1=m=Nsym/2. With this MRU configuration, two-dimensional permutation can support both SFBC and STBC. Fig. 3 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 3, the DRU consists of 18 sub- carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of the DRU is (18, 6). The size of a MRU constituting the DRU is (2, 2). For the case of Fig. 3, 'm' and 'n' equal to '1', respectively. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the size of a DRU is (Psc, Nsym), and the size of a MRU is (2n, 1), where 'Psc' denotes the number of sub- carriers constituting the DRU, 'Nsym' denotes the number of symbols constituting the DRU, '2n' represents the number of sub-carriers constituting the MRU, PSc equals to k2n, 'n' is a natural number, and 'k' is a natural number denoting the number of MRUs included in an OFDMA symbol of the DRU. With this MRU configuration, two-dimensional permutation can support both SFBC and STBC. Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 4, the DRU consists of 18 sub- carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of the DRU is (18, 6) . The size of a MRU constituting the DRU is (2, 1). For the case of Fig. 4, 'n' equals to '1'. According to the present invention, MRU allocation can be performed before pilot allocation or after pilot allocation. According to one embodiment of the present invention, all of the MRUs include two sub-carriers which are contiguous both in the physical and logical domain, on the condition that pilots are two-tone-wise paired. Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 shows that every pilot symbol is paired with another pilot symbol on a physical resource structure, and all of the MRUs have the same size accordingly. From Fig. 5, it can be easily understood that a MRU can be allocated to a DRU or a set of DRUs both before and after pilot allocation (i.e., irrespective of allocation order of data sub-carriers and pilot sub-carriers). According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the MRUs consists of two sub- carriers which are logically contiguous but not necessarily physically contiguous for the situation where pilots are not two-tone-wise paired. If pilots are not two-tone-wise paired, two (2) sub-carriers constituting a MRU may or may not be contiguous on a physical frequency domain, although the two (2) sub-carriers are contiguous on a logical frequency domain. Fig. 6A illustrates another exemplary DRU structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6A shows that at least some pilot symbols are not paired with another pilot symbol. Therefore, there may be physical disconnection between two (2) data sub-carriers constituting a MRU. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the permutation rule for each 1th OFDMA symbol in a sub- frame is as follows, supposing that there are 'Ldru' LRUs (Logical Resource Units) in a distributed group (refer to Fig. 6B): For each 1th OFDMA symbol in the subframe: Step S1) Allocate the n1 pilots within each PRU; Step S2) Renumber the remaining Ldru · ( Psc — n1) data subcarriers in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1)- 1. Group these contiguous and logically renumbered subcarriers into LDRU • Lpair,1 pairs and renumber them from 0 to LDRU • Lpair,1 - 1; Step S3) Logically map contiguous tone-pairs [i • Lpair.ir (i + 1) • Lpair,]. - 1] into the ith distributed LRUs, i=0,l,..., LDRU -1 by applying a predetermined subcarrier permutation formula . For an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, the predetermined subcarrier permutation formula is given by: pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDru ' f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1, t), where 1 = 0,1,..., Nsym-1, where pair (s, m, 1, t) is the tone-pair index of the mth tone pair (0 (0 subframe; t is the subframe index with respect to the frame, 5 is the distributed LRU index (0 the tone pair index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeqO is a permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function or lookup table. For the exemplary DRUs of Fig. 6A, 'LDRU, FPi' equals to '6', 'n/ equals to '2', and 'PSc' equals to '18'. Accordingly, the permutation rule can be rewritten for Fig. 6 as follows: 1. Allocate 2 pilots in each OFDMA symbol within each PRU. 2. Renumber the remaining 6(18-2)=96 data sub-carriers in order, from index 0 to index [6(18 - 2)-l]=95. 3. The contiguous renumbered sub-carriers are grouped into [6(18 - 2)]/2 = 48 pairs/clusters to support SFBC. 4. Apply the permutation sequence PermSeq()for pairs/clusters. The concept of above described examples of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 can be extended and generalized for a larger size of MRU. That is, if a pilot design meets the following conditions; 1) pilots are paired into 2n contiguous sub- carriers (n=1, 2, ...) and 2) the number of remaining data sub-carriers after pilot allocation is always paired into 2n contiguous sub-carriers (n=1, 2, ...) ; then, a MRU consists of both physically and logically contiguous sub- carriers irrespective of allocation order. On the other hand, if pilot does not satisfy the conditions above, then, a MRU consists of logically contiguous sub-carriers after allocating pilot symbols, but it is not guaranteed that a MRU consist of physically contiguous sub-carriers. That is, two data sub-carriers of a MRU after pilot allocation sometimes are not physically contiguous (they might be split only by a pilot symbol). However, these physically split subcarriers may be logically joined as a single MRU. According to the present invention, a basic PRU may consist of one or more MRUs which are adjacent to each other in frequency axis or adjacent in time axis. Distributed allocation is supported in frequency axis when a basic PRU is divided along with frequency axis; on the other hand, distributed allocation is supported in time axis when a basic PRU is divided along with time axis. In the case that a basic PRU is divided into one or more MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time axis, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) methods such as SFBC/STBC are easy to implement because each of the MRUs has enough length in frequency axis accordingly. Preferably, a basic PRU may consist of 18 sub-carriers in frequency axis. In this case, each of the one or more MRUs may consist of even number of sub-carriers. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described supposing that a basic PRU consists of 18 sub-carriers in frequency axis. However, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited by a specific number of sub-carriers constituting a basic PRU. In this application, the term 'sub- channelization' means the procedure of dividing a basic PRU into one or more MRUs or the resultant resource structure of a basic PRU consisting of one or more MRUs. Sub-frames may be classified into regular sub-frames and irregular sub-frames according to the number of OFDMA symbols constituting a sub-frame. A regular sub-frame may consist of 6 OFDMA symbols and an irregular sub-frame may consist of 5 or 7 OFDMA symbols. Preferably, a basic PRU of the regular sub-frame may consist of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; on the other hand, a basic PRU of the irregular sub-frame may consist of 18 sub-carriers by 5 or 7 OFDMA symbols, respectively. In this case, a MRU constituting the basic PRU may consist of 'x' sub-carriers and 'y' OFDMA symbols, wherein 'x' is an integer value ranging from 1 to 18, and 'y' is the total number of OFDMA symbols contained in a sub-frame or a divisor of the total number of OFDMA symbols contained in a sub-frame, irrespective of the type of the sub-frame. A MRU may consist of pilot, data, and control sub-carrier. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited by the number of sub-carriers constituting a basic PRU. According to some embodiments of the present invention, a basic PRU may be divided into '18/x' MRUs in frequency axis to support distributed allocation scheme. 'x' may preferably have a value of two (2). If x=1, which leads to namely "tone-wise sub-channelization," it is difficult to implement SFBC. Therefore, for SFBC, it is required to pair two (2) sub-carriers as one unit. In other words, a basic PRU may preferably consist of 9 (= 18/2) MRUs, each of which consists of 2 sub-carriers (i.e., x=2) to support distributed allocation scheme. SFBC is applicable for a system supporting irregular sub-frames where implementing STBC is not feasible. However, in SFBC mode, distributed allocation scheme is difficult to implement when tone-wise sub-channelization (i.e., x=l) is adopted due to data sub-carrier pairing problem which is an inherent in SFBC. Therefore, according to the some embodiments of the present invention, 'x' may preferably have a value of 2, 3, 6, 9, or 18, and accordingly, the number of MRUs in a basic PRU may become 9, 6, 3, 2, or 1 for distributed allocation in the condition that all the MRUs forming the basic PRU have the same size. However, in case that all of the MRUs forming a basic PRU do not necessarily have the same size, 'x' may have any integer value ranging from 2 to 18. Fig. 7 illustrates a structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols, and a MRU consists of 6 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols. Therefore, the basic PRU of size (18, 6) consists of three (3) of the MRU of size (6, 6) which are adjacent to each other in frequency axis. Referring to Fig. 7, it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 tones (= 66) . In this document, the term 'tone' represents a resource specified by 1 sub-carrier by 1 OFDMA symbol. On the other hand, if a MRU is designed to have the size of (9, 6) so that a basic PRU of size (18, 6) consists of two (2) of the MRUs, sufficient frequency diversity may not be obtained. To the contrary, if a MRU structure is designed so that a basic PRU of size (18, 6) consists of four (4) or more of the MRUs, then overhead and/or the complexity of the system may be increased. In addition, if pilots are divided for more than as many as three (3) MRUs of a PRU, it is not feasible to support SFBC. Therefore, to optimize system performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 6) , it is preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into three (3) MRUs in frequency axis. Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 illustrate other structures of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention, respectively. In Fig. 8, the sub-channelization method is same as in Fig. 7 except that the basic PRU and the MRU consist of 5 OFDMA symbols, respectively. In Fig. 9, the sub-channelization method is same as in Fig. 7 except that the basic PRU and the MRU consist of 7 OFDMA symbols, respectively. Referring to Figs. 8 and Fig. 9, it is shown that a MRU consists of 30 or 42 tones (= 65 or 67), respectively. Fig. 10 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time axis. All of the three (3) MRUs have the same size of (18, 2) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 10, it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 tones (= 182) . On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic PRU of size (18, 6) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 3). However, in this case, enough time diversity may not be obtained. Therefore, to optimize system performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 6) , it is preferable to sub- channelize the basic PRU into three (3) MRUs in time axis. Fig. 11 illustrates other structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to other embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of 18 sub-carriers by 5 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time axis. Although it is preferable to make all of the three (3) MRUs in the basic PRU to have the same size, this is not possible for an irregular sub-frame consisting of five (5) OFDMA symbols. Therefore, two (2) of the MRUs have a size of (18, 2) and remaining one (1) of the MRUs has a size of (18, 1) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 11, it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 or 18 tones (= 182 or 181), respectively. On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic PRU of size (18, 5) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 3) and size (18, 2). However, in this case, enough time diversity may not be obtained. Therefore, to optimize system performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 5), it is preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into three (3) MRUs in time axis like this embodiment. Fig. 12 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of 18 sub-carriers by 7 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time axis. Although it is preferable to make all of the three (3) MRUs in the basic PRU to have the same size, this is not possible for an irregular sub-frame consisting of seven (7) OFDMA symbols. Therefore, two (2) of the MRUs have a size of (18, 2) and remaining one (1) of the MRUs has a size of (18, 3) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 12, it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 or 54 tones (= 182 or 18*3), respectively. On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic PRU of size (18, 7) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 4) and size (18, 3). However, in this case, enough time diversity may not be obtained. Therefore, to optimize system performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 7), it is preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into three (3) MRUs in time axis like this embodiment. As discussed above, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) methods such as SFBC/STBC may be implemented with the MRU structures of Fig. 10, Fig. 11, and Fig. 12 because each of the MRUs has enough length in frequency axis accordingly. In one embodiment of the present invention, the previously described physical resource unit (PRU) is transmitted by a base station to a mobile station. In another embodiment, the previously described physical resource unit (PRU) is transmitted by a mobile station to a base station. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a frame structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the system band 1301 is divided into N number of frequency partitions FP0, FP1, ..., FPi, ..., FPN-1. The frequency partitions may be used for fractional frequency reuse or other purposes. Frequency partition FPi 1302 comprises LDRU,FPi number of distributed resource units DRUFPi[j] (j=0 to LDRU/FPi-1) and/or at least one localized resource units although not shown in Fig. 13. The time duration of DRUFPi[j] may be the same as or shorter than the time duration of a subframe, a plurality of which constituting a frame. In this embodiment, the time duration of DRUFPi[j] is the same as or shorter than the time duration of a subframe. However, it should be understood that the present invention is also applicable when the time duration of DRUFPi[j] is shorter than the time duration of a subframe. t-th subframe and DRUFPi[j] is comprised of H number of OFDMA symbols. 1-th OFDM symbol 1304 is comprised of total Psc number of subcarriers, including ni number of pilot subcarriers and Lsc,1 ( = Psc-n1) number of data subcarriers. Without the n1 number of pilot subcarriers, 1-th OFDM symbol 1304 can be re-drawn as block 1305. SC_DRUFPi[j],1[n] (n=0, ..., Lsc,1-1) in block 1305 indicates n-th subcarrier of 1-th OFDM symbol of j-th DRU of i-th frequency partition of the system band. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing subcarrier-to-DRU mapping according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 (b) shows data subcarriers of 1-th OFDM symbol of the whole DRUs included in frequency partition FPi as shown in Fig. 14 (a) . Because each DRU includes Lsc,1 number of data subcarriers, frequency partition FPi includes LDRU,FPi· Lsc,1 number of data subcarriers in total. The Ldru, fpi • Lsc,1 number of subcarriers are renumbered in order from index 0 to LDRU,FPi • Lsc,1 -1. Then, these contiguous and logically renumbered data subcarrier subcarriers are grouped into LDrU, fpi • LSp, 1 pairs and renumber them from 0 to LDRU,FPi•LSP,1-1, where Lsp,1= Lsc,1/2. Each renumbered data subcarrier pair is denoted by RSPFPi,1[u] that indicates the subcarrier pair with index {SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v] , SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v+1]}, where, 0 Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 illustrate logical domain of the frame structure according to the present invention. The paired subcarriers RSPFPi,1[u] may be distributed and mapped to distributed LRUs of frequency partition FPi by a predetermined permutation formula. The distributed LRUs, which correspond to corresponding PRUs in physical domain, may be exchanged between a base station and a mobile communication terminal. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined permutation formula is given by SC_DRUFPi[j],1[m] = RSPFPi,1[k], and k is LDRU,FPi •f(m,s)+g(PermSeq(),s,m,l,t) where is the m-th subcarrier pair in the 1-th OFDMA symbol in the s-th distributed LRU of the t-th subframe and m is the subcarrier pair index, 0 to LSp,i-l and t is the subframe index with respect to the frame. FIG. 15 shows a structure of a wireless communication system capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs. 2-14, including the method of Fig. 6B. The wireless communication system may have a network structure of an evolved-universal mobile telecommunications system (E-UMTS). The E-UMTS may also be referred to as a long term evolution (LTE) system. The wireless communication system can be widely deployed to provide a variety of communication services, such as voices, packet data, etc. Referring to FIG. 15, an evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) includes at least one base station (BS) 20 which provides a control plane and a user plane. A user equipment (UE) 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as another terminology, such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, etc. The BS 20 is generally a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may be referred to as another terminology, such as an evolved node-B (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, etc. There are one or more cells within the coverage of the BS 20. Interfaces for transmitting user traffic or control traffic may be used between the BSs 20. Hereinafter, a downlink is defined as a communication link from the BS 20 to the UE 10, and an uplink is defined as a communication link from the UE 10 to the BS 20. The BSs 20 are interconnected by means of an X2 interface. The BSs 20 are also connected by means of an S1 interface to an evolved packet core (EPC), more specifically, to a mobility management entity (MME)/serving gateway (S-GW) 30. The SI interface supports a many-to- many relation between the BS 20 and the MME/S-GW 30. FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing constitutional elements of a device 50, that can be either the UE or the BS of Fig. 15, and that is capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs. 2-14. Device 50 includes a processor 51, a memory 52, a radio frequency (RF) unit 53, a display unit 54, and a user interface unit 55. Layers of the radio interface protocol are implemented in the processor 51. The processor 51 provides the control plane and the user plane. The function of each layer can be implemented in the processor 51. The processor 51 may also include a contention resolution timer. The memory 52 is coupled to the processor 51 and stores an operating system, applications, and general files. If device 50 is a UE, the display unit 54 displays a variety of information and may use a well-known element such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), etc. The user interface unit 55 can be configured with a combination of well-known user interfaces such as a keypad, a touch screen, etc. The RF unit 53 is coupled to the processor 51 and transmits and/or receives radio signals. Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network can be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communication system. A physical layer, or simply a PHY layer, belongs to the first layer and provides an information transfer service through a physical channel. A radio resource control (RRC) layer belongs to the third layer and serves to control radio resources between the UE and the network. The UE and the network exchange RRC messages via the RRC layer. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents, [industrial Applicability] The present invention is applicable to a wideband wireless mobile communication system supporting SFBC. [claims] [claim 1] A method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station, comprising: exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols, each 1th OFDMA symbol comprising: n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU • (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU • (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to LDRU • Lpair/1 -1, and the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ; (i + 1) LPair,1 -1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1, wherein LDRU = number of DRUs, Psc = number of subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (PsC - n1)/2. [CLAIM 2] The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of exchanging comprises: transmitting the PRU from the base station to the mobile communication terminal. [CLAIM 3] The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging comprises: receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal from the base station. [CLAIM 4] The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined permutation formula comprises: pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1, t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 = 0, 1, ..., Nsym-1, where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair index of an mth tone pair (0 symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame, s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function or a lookup table. [CLAIM 5] A method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station, comprising: exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols, the step of exchanging comprising: for each 1th OFDMA symbol, allocating n1 pilots in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, renumbering the remaining LDrU • (PSc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to Ldru • Lpair,1 -1, and mapping logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ; (i+1) • Lpair,1 -1) into ith distributed LRUs by applying a predetermined permutation formula, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU- 1, wherein LDRU = number of DRUs, Psc = number of subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (Psc - n1)/2. [CLAIM 6] The method of claim 5, wherein in the step of exchanging comprises: transmitting the PRU from the base station to the mobile communication terminal. [CLAIM 7] The method of claim 5, wherein the step of exchanging comprises: receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal from the base station. [CLAIM 8] The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined permutation formula comprises: pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDru • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1, t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 = 0, 1, ..., Nsym-1 where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair index of an mth tone pair (0 symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame, s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function or a lookup table. [CLAIM 9] A communications device configured to wirelessly communicate with another device, the communications device comprising: a memory; and a processor operatively connected to the memory and configured to exchange a physical resource unit (PRU) with the another device, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols, each 1th OFDMA symbol comprising: n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU • (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to Ldru • (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDru • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to LDRU " Lpair,1 -1, and the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ; (i+1) Lpair,1 -1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1, wherein Ldru = number of DRUs, Psc = number of subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair, 1 = (Psc - n1)/2. [CLAIM 10] The communications device of claim 9, wherein the communications device is a base station in a mobile communications network, the base station being configured to encode and transmit the PRU. [CLAIM 11] The communications device of claim 9, wherein the communications device is a mobile communications terminal in a mobile communications network, the mobile communications terminal being configured to receive and decode the PRU. [CLAIM 12] The communications device of claim 9, wherein the predetermined permutation formula comprises: pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU · f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1, t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 = 0, 1, ..., Nsym-1 where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair index of an mth tone pair (0 (0 is a subframe index with respect to the frame, s is a distributed LRU index (0 within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function or a lookup table. A method and device for wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station, including exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th symbol includes: n1 pilots allocated per a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU. (Psc - n1) data subcarriers renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc- n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers grouped into LDRU, Lpair,1 pairs and renumbered 0 to LDRU, Lpair,1 -1, and logically contiguous formed tone pairs (i. Lpair,1; (i+1), Lpair,l-1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to mapp into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,...,LDRU-1.

Full Text

[description]
[invention Title]
A METHOD FOR DESIGNING MINI RESOURCE UNIT AND
TRANSMISSION FOR A DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNIT IN
CONSIDERATION OF SPACE FREQUENCY BLOCK CODE
[Technical Field]
The present invention relates to a wideband wireless
mobile communication system supporting SFBC (Space
Frequency Block Coding).
[Background Art]
Fading is the distortion that a carrier-modulated
telecommunication signal experiences over certain
propagation media. A fading channel is a communication
channel that experiences fading. In wireless systems,
fading is due to multi-path propagation and is sometimes
referred to as multipath induced fading.
In wireless communications, the presence of reflectors
in the environment surrounding a transmitter and receiver
creates multiple paths that a transmitted signal can
traverse. As a result, the receiver sees the superposition
of multiple copies of the transmitted signal, each
traversing a different path. Each signal copy will
experience differences in attenuation, delay and phase
shift while traveling from the source to the receiver.
This can result in either constructive or destructive
interference, amplifying or attenuating the signal power
seen at the receiver. Strong destructive interference is
frequently referred to as a deep fade and may result in
temporary failure of communication due to a severe drop in
the channel signal-to-noise ratio.
In telecommunications, a diversity scheme refers to a
method for improving the reliability of a message signal by
utilizing two or more communication channels with different
characteristics. Diversity plays an important role in
combating fading and co-channel interference and avoiding
error bursts. Diversity exists because individual channels
experience different levels of fading and interference.
Multiple versions of the same signal may be transmitted
and/or received and combined in the receiver.
Alternatively, a redundant forward error correction code
may be added and different parts of the message transmitted
over different channels. Diversity techniques may exploit
the multipath propagation, resulting in a diversity gain,
often measured in decibels.
Diversity scheme can be classified into time diversity,
frequency diversity, space diversity, polarization
diversity, multi-user diversity, and cooperative diversity.
For time diversity among these, multiple versions of the
same signal are transmitted at different time instants.
Alternatively, a redundant forward error correction code is
added and the message is spread in time by means of bit-
interleaving before it is transmitted. Thus, error bursts
are avoided, which simplifies the error correction. For
frequency diversity, the signal is transferred using
several frequency channels or spread over a wide spectrum
that is affected by frequency-selective fading.
In a broadband wireless mobile communication system,
resources can be allocated in distributed manner for
transmission to have frequency diversity gain. Strategies
for distributed allocation of resources can be different
according to the combinations of the number of DRUs
(Distributed Resource Units) assigned to a user and the
available bandwidth for forming DRUs for the user. The
number of DRUs assigned to a user is proportional to the
packet size allocated to the user, and the available
bandwidth for forming DRUs is proportional to the number of
LRUs (Logical Resource Units) allocated to the user.
Fig. 1 illustrates possible combinations of a packet
size and the number of LRUs (the available bandwidth) for
forming DRUs.
Region 1 of Fig. 1 represents the combination of small
amount of available bandwidth and large packet size, and
Region 3 represents the combination of large amount of
available bandwidth and large packet size. In Region 1 and
Region 3, performance difference between possible
distributed resource allocation strategies is negligible
because the packet size is large in these regions so that
the packet is more likely to spread over frequency.
However, even in region 4, performance difference
between possible distributed resource allocation strategies
would not be significant if the size of a fractional PRU
(Physical Resource Unit) or MRU (Mini physical Resource
Unit) is small, because a number of MRUs of small size can
be allocated in the manner that the MRUs spread over
frequency axis due to large available bandwidth for forming
DRUs. Therefore, in terms of diversity gain, the smaller a
MRU size is, the better a system performance becomes.
Therefore, generally one sub-carrier as the minimum unit
for forming the DRU can obtain more diversity gain than
other structure for the minimum unit.
However, designing a MRU as a minimum unit for forming
a DRU should be approached in view of flexibility as well
as diversity because a wireless mobile communication system
may support various sub-frame configurations. For example,
a communication system may adopt FFR (Fractional Frequency
Reuse) and FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) of DRU and
CRU (contiguous resource unit). Also in some configuration,
there exist those sub-frame configurations where STBC
(Space-Time Block Code) is not suitable for data
transmission. STBC is not suitable for a sub-frame having
"odd" number of symbols. In TDD (Time Division Duplexing)
mode, a total of odd number of symbols may be allocated for
an irregular sub-frames (5 symbols) for TTG (Transmission
Transition Gap), for a sub-frame including preamble, for a
sub-frame including mid-amble, for an irregular sub-frame
with other CP (Cyclic Prefix) size (e.g., 7 symbols for
1/16 CP) , for a sub-frame including TDM MAP (Time Division
Multiplexing), etc. In FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing)
mode, a total of odd number of symbols may be allocated for
a sub-frame including preamble, a sub-frame including mid-
amble, an irregular sub-frame with other CP size (e.g., 7
symbols for 1/16 CP), a sub-frame including TDM MAP, etc.
Although STBC is not suitable for many sub-frame
configurations, SFBC (Spatial Frequency Block Coding) can
support all the sub-frame configurations. Therefore, as
discovered by the present inventors, a need has arisen to
create a structure for the minimum unit for forming a DRU
for replacing STBC by SFBC or to support both STBC and SFBC,
in consideration of diversity gain performance.
[Disclosure of Invention]
[Technical Problem]
The technical problem to be solved by the present
invention concerns how to decide the size of the minimum
unit for forming a DRU provides strong diversity gain and
that supports a SFBC MIMO operations and to transmit the
DRUs.
[Technical Solution)
In an aspect of the invention, there is a method of
wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication
terminal and a base station. The method includes
exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base
station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU
having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th OFDMA symbol
includes n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a
predetermined pilot allocation scheme, the remaining Ldru
(Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol
renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1) - 1, with
logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped
into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone pairs being
renumbered 0 to LDRU • Lpair,1 -1, and the logically
contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,l ; (i + 1) • Lpair,1 _1) having
a predetermined permutation formula applied to be permuted
and mapped into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,...,
Ldru-1- Ldru = number of DRUs, Psc = number of subcarriers
within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (Psc - n1)/2.
In an aspect of the invention, there is a method of
wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication
terminal and a base station. The method includes
exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base
station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU
having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. For each 1-th OFDMA
symbol in the subframe, the n1 pilots within each DRU are
allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot
allocation scheme. Denote the data subcarriers of DRUFpi[j]
in the 1-th OFDMA symbol as SC_DRUFPi(j),1[n] , 0 and 0 frequency partition and LDRU,FPi indicates the number of
DRUFPi[•]included in i-th frequency partition and Lsc,1
indicates the number of data subcarriers in 1-th OFDMA
symbol within a PRU i.e., LSC,1 = Psc - n1 that Psc means
the number of subcarrier within one OFDMA symbol of a PRU.
Renumber the LDRU,FPi • LSC,1 data subcarriers of the DRUs in
order, from 0 to LDRU/FPi • Lsc,1 -1. Group these contiguous and
logically renumbered subcarriers into LDRU,FPi • LSP,1 pairs and
renumber them from 0 to LDRU,FPi • Lsp,1-1, where LSP,1 indicates
the number of data subcarrier-pairs in the 1-th OFDMA
symbol within a PRU and is equal to Lsc,1/2 (LSP,1 = Lsc,1/2).
The renumbered subcarrier pairs in the 1-th OFDMA symbol
are denoted by RSPFPi,1[u] that equals {SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v],
SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v+1]}, 0 LSP,1) and v=u mod LSP,1. The predetermined permutation
formula map RSPFPi,1[u] into the s-th distributed LRUs,
S = 0,1,..., LDRU,FPi -1.
In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes
transmitting the PRU from the base station to the mobile
communication terminal.
In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes
receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal from
the base station.
In another aspect, the predetermined permutation
formula is pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(),
s, m, 1, t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe,
where 1 = 0, 1r ..., Nsym-1, where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a
tone-pair index of an mth tone pair (0 OFDMA symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame,
s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeqO is a
permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function
or a lookup table.
In another aspect, the predetermined permutation
formula is given by SC_DRUFpi(i],i [m] = RSPFpi,i [k] , and k is
Ldro,fpi • f (m, s)+g (PermSeqO , s,m, l,t) where is the m-th
subcarrier pair in the 1-th OFDMA symbol in the s-th
distributed LRU of the t-th subframe and m is the
subcarrier pair index, 0 to LSP,i-l and t is the subframe
index with respect to the frame.
In another aspect, the step of exchanging includes for
each 1th OFDMA symbol, allocating m pilots in accordance
with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme, renumbering
the remaining LDRU • (Psc _ ni) data subcarriers of the 1th
OFDMA symbol in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - rii) - 1, with
logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers being grouped
into LDru * LPair,i tone pairs and the tone pairs being
renumbered 0 to L
dro ' Lpairri _1/ and mapping the logically
contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,i ; (i + D • Lpair,i -1) into
ith distributed LRUs by applying a predetermined
permutation formula, where i = 0, 1,..., LDru~1-
In another aspect, there is a communications device
configured to wirelessly communicate with another device.
The communications device includes a memory; and a
processor operatively connected to the memory and
configured to exchange a physical resource unit (PRU) with
the another device. The PRU has a plurality of OFDMA
symbols. Each 1th OFDMA symbol includes: ni pilots
allocated in accordance with a predetermined pilot
allocation scheme, the remaining LDRU ¦ (Psc - n1) data
subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order,
from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous
renumbered subcarriers being grouped into LDru • Lpair,1 tone
pairs and the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to LDru • Lpair.1
-1, and the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,i ;
(i+1) • Lpairii -1) having a predetermined permutation
formula applied to be permuted and mapped into ith
distributed LRUs, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1.
In another aspect, the communications device is a base
station in a mobile communications network, the base
station being configured to encode and transmit the PRU.
In another aspect, the communications device is a
mobile communications terminal in a mobile communications
network, the mobile communications terminal being
configured to receive and decode the PRU.
[Advantageous Effects]
The minimum unit for forming a DRU according to the
present invention has an advantageous effect on providing a
diversity gain and supporting SFBC MIMO operations.
[Brief Description of Drawings]
The accompanying drawings, which are included to
provide a further understanding of the invention,
illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with
the description serve to explain the principle of the
invention.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates a diagram for comparing performance
in terms of diversity gain according to combinations of
packet sizes and available bandwidths for a user.
Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary DRU structures according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6A illustrates another exemplary DRU structure
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6B illustrates a method for forming the structures
shown in Fig. 6A.
Fig. 7 illustrates a structure of a MRU for a basic PRU
of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the
present invention.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 show other structures of a MRU for a
basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment
of the present invention.
Fig. 11 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one
embodiment of the present invention.]
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a frame structure
according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a subcarrier-to-DRU
mapping according to one embodiment of the present
invention.
Fig. 15 shows a structure of a wireless communication
system capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs.
2-14 .
Fig. 16 is a block diagram showing constitutional
elements of a communication device capable of exchanging
the data structures of Figs. 2-14.
[Mode for Invention]
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary
embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are
illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed
description, which will be given below with reference to
the accompanying drawings, is intended to explain exemplary
embodiments of the present invention, rather than to show
the only embodiments that can be implemented according to
the invention. The following detailed description includes
specific details in order to provide a thorough
understanding of the present invention. However, it will be
apparent to those skilled in the art that the present
invention may be practiced without such specific details.
For example, the following description will be given
centering on specific terms, but the present invention is
not limited thereto and any other terms may be used to
represent the same meanings.
A DRU comprises sub-carriers spread across a resource
allocation region. Although the minimum unit for forming
the DRU may equal to one sub-carrier or a fraction of the
DRU, the optimum size of the minimum unit may differ
according to possible resource configurations. Hereinafter
in this document, (x, y) denotes the size of a resource
unit consisting of 'x' sub-carriers and 'y' OFDMA symbols.
When deciding a size of a MRU constituting a DRU,
diversity gain issue should be taken into consideration. A
smaller "minimum DRU forming unit (Minimum-Resource Unit;
MRU) " is preferred to a larger minimum DRU forming unit
because a smaller minimum DRU forming unit can achieve
larger diversity gain than the larger minimum DRU forming
units.
Meanwhile, when deciding a size of the MRU, the ability
to support SFBC should be taken into consideration for
those sub-frame configurations where STBC is not suitable
for data transmission. For these sub-frame configurations,
it is advantageous to use SFBC in place of STBC. Generally,
at least two sub-carriers should be contiguous in order to
replace STBC by SFBC, or to support both STBC and SFBC, or
to support all the other sub-frame configurations.
Considering the matters discussed above, the minimum
DRU forming units introduced by the present invention may
include two or more sub-carriers. Hereinafter, embodiments
according to the present invention are described.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a
DRU comprises 'k' MRUs. A MRU of a DRU may have a size of
(2n, Nsym) if the size of PRU is (Psc, Nsym) , where 'PSc'
denotes the number of sub-carriers constituting the DRU,
'Nsym' denotes the number of symbols constituting the DRU,
Psc equals to k*2n, '2n' represents the number of sub-
carriers constituting the MRU, 'k' is a natural number
denoting the number of MRUs included in the DRU, and 'n' is
a natural number. With this MRU configuration, SFBC can be
supported with the simplest permutation rule.
Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary DRU structures according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
The exemplary DRU illustrated in (a) of Fig. 2 consists
of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the
size of the DRU is (18, 6). The DRU consists of nine (9)
MRUs (k=9). The size of each MRU is (2, 6).
The exemplary DRU illustrated in (b) of Fig. 2 consists
of 18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the
size of the DRU is (18, 6) . The DRU is comprised of three
(3) MRUs (k=3). The size of each MRU is (6, 6).
For the structures of Fig. 2, permutation may be
conducted in units of 6 symbols. However, it should be
noted that the permutation can be conducted in any units of
symbols.
According to another embodiment of the present
invention, the size of a DRU is (PSc, Nsym) and the size of
a MRU is (2n, 2m), where 'Psc' denotes the number of sub-
carriers constituting the DRU, 'Nsym' denotes the number of
symbols constituting the DRU, '2n' represents the number of
sub-carriers constituting the MRU, '2m' represents the
number of symbols constituting the MRU, 'n' is an integer
satisfying 1=n=Psc/2, and 'm' is an integer satisfying
1=m=Nsym/2. With this MRU configuration, two-dimensional
permutation can support both SFBC and STBC.
Fig. 3 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to another embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 3, the DRU consists of 18 sub-
carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of
the DRU is (18, 6). The size of a MRU constituting the DRU
is (2, 2). For the case of Fig. 3, 'm' and 'n' equal to '1',
respectively.
According to another embodiment of the present
invention, the size of a DRU is (Psc, Nsym), and the size of
a MRU is (2n, 1), where 'Psc' denotes the number of sub-
carriers constituting the DRU, 'Nsym' denotes the number of
symbols constituting the DRU, '2n' represents the number of
sub-carriers constituting the MRU, PSc equals to k*2n, 'n'
is a natural number, and 'k' is a natural number denoting
the number of MRUs included in an OFDMA symbol of the DRU.
With this MRU configuration, two-dimensional permutation
can support both SFBC and STBC.
Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to another embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 4, the DRU consists of 18 sub-
carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols; in other words, the size of
the DRU is (18, 6) . The size of a MRU constituting the DRU
is (2, 1). For the case of Fig. 4, 'n' equals to '1'.
According to the present invention, MRU allocation can
be performed before pilot allocation or after pilot
allocation.
According to one embodiment of the present invention,
all of the MRUs include two sub-carriers which are
contiguous both in the physical and logical domain, on the
condition that pilots are two-tone-wise paired.
Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary DRU structure according
to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows that every pilot symbol is paired with
another pilot symbol on a physical resource structure, and
all of the MRUs have the same size accordingly. From Fig. 5,
it can be easily understood that a MRU can be allocated to
a DRU or a set of DRUs both before and after pilot
allocation (i.e., irrespective of allocation order of data
sub-carriers and pilot sub-carriers).
According to another embodiment of the present
invention, at least part of the MRUs consists of two sub-
carriers which are logically contiguous but not necessarily
physically contiguous for the situation where pilots are
not two-tone-wise paired. If pilots are not two-tone-wise
paired, two (2) sub-carriers constituting a MRU may or may
not be contiguous on a physical frequency domain, although
the two (2) sub-carriers are contiguous on a logical
frequency domain.
Fig. 6A illustrates another exemplary DRU structure
according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6A shows that at least some pilot symbols are not
paired with another pilot symbol. Therefore, there may be
physical disconnection between two (2) data sub-carriers
constituting a MRU.
According to one embodiment of the present invention,
the permutation rule for each 1th OFDMA symbol in a sub-
frame is as follows, supposing that there are 'Ldru' LRUs
(Logical Resource Units) in a distributed group (refer to
Fig. 6B):
For each 1th OFDMA symbol in the subframe:
Step S1) Allocate the n1 pilots within each PRU;
Step S2) Renumber the remaining
Ldru · ( Psc — n1)
data subcarriers in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc - n1)-
1. Group these contiguous and logically renumbered
subcarriers into LDRU • Lpair,1 pairs and renumber them
from 0 to LDRU • Lpair,1 - 1;
Step S3) Logically map contiguous tone-pairs [i •
Lpair.ir (i + 1) • Lpair,]. - 1] into the ith distributed
LRUs, i=0,l,..., LDRU -1 by applying a predetermined
subcarrier permutation formula .
For an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, the
predetermined subcarrier permutation formula is given by:
pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDru ' f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s,
m, 1, t),
where 1 = 0,1,..., Nsym-1,
where pair (s, m, 1, t) is the tone-pair index of
the mth tone pair (0 (0 subframe; t is the subframe index with respect to the
frame, 5 is the distributed LRU index (0 the tone pair index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and
PermSeqO is a permutation sequence generated by a
predetermined function or lookup table.
For the exemplary DRUs of Fig. 6A, 'LDRU, FPi' equals to
'6', 'n/ equals to '2', and 'PSc' equals to '18'.
Accordingly, the permutation rule can be rewritten for Fig.
6 as follows:
1. Allocate 2 pilots in each OFDMA symbol within each
PRU.
2. Renumber the remaining 6*(18-2)=96 data sub-carriers
in order, from index 0 to index [6*(18 - 2)-l]=95.
3. The contiguous renumbered sub-carriers are grouped
into [6*(18 - 2)]/2 = 48 pairs/clusters to support SFBC.
4. Apply the permutation sequence PermSeq()for
pairs/clusters.
The concept of above described examples of Fig. 5 and
Fig. 6 can be extended and generalized for a larger size of
MRU. That is, if a pilot design meets the following
conditions; 1) pilots are paired into 2n contiguous sub-
carriers (n=1, 2, ...) and 2) the number of remaining data
sub-carriers after pilot allocation is always paired into
2n contiguous sub-carriers (n=1, 2, ...) ; then, a MRU
consists of both physically and logically contiguous sub-
carriers irrespective of allocation order. On the other
hand, if pilot does not satisfy the conditions above, then,
a MRU consists of logically contiguous sub-carriers after
allocating pilot symbols, but it is not guaranteed that a
MRU consist of physically contiguous sub-carriers. That is,
two data sub-carriers of a MRU after pilot allocation
sometimes are not physically contiguous (they might be
split only by a pilot symbol). However, these physically
split subcarriers may be logically joined as a single MRU.
According to the present invention, a basic PRU may
consist of one or more MRUs which are adjacent to each
other in frequency axis or adjacent in time axis.
Distributed allocation is supported in frequency axis when
a basic PRU is divided along with frequency axis; on the
other hand, distributed allocation is supported in time
axis when a basic PRU is divided along with time axis. In
the case that a basic PRU is divided into one or more MRUs
which are adjacent to each other in time axis, MIMO
(Multiple Input Multiple Output) methods such as SFBC/STBC
are easy to implement because each of the MRUs has enough
length in frequency axis accordingly. Preferably, a basic
PRU may consist of 18 sub-carriers in frequency axis. In
this case, each of the one or more MRUs may consist of even
number of sub-carriers. Hereinafter, embodiments of the
present invention will be described supposing that a basic
PRU consists of 18 sub-carriers in frequency axis. However,
it should be noted that the present invention is not
limited by a specific number of sub-carriers constituting a
basic PRU. In this application, the term 'sub-
channelization' means the procedure of dividing a basic PRU
into one or more MRUs or the resultant resource structure
of a basic PRU consisting of one or more MRUs.
Sub-frames may be classified into regular sub-frames
and irregular sub-frames according to the number of OFDMA
symbols constituting a sub-frame. A regular sub-frame may
consist of 6 OFDMA symbols and an irregular sub-frame may
consist of 5 or 7 OFDMA symbols. Preferably, a basic PRU of
the regular sub-frame may consist of 18 sub-carriers by 6
OFDMA symbols; on the other hand, a basic PRU of the
irregular sub-frame may consist of 18 sub-carriers by 5 or
7 OFDMA symbols, respectively. In this case, a MRU
constituting the basic PRU may consist of 'x' sub-carriers
and 'y' OFDMA symbols, wherein 'x' is an integer value
ranging from 1 to 18, and 'y' is the total number of OFDMA
symbols contained in a sub-frame or a divisor of the total
number of OFDMA symbols contained in a sub-frame,
irrespective of the type of the sub-frame. A MRU may
consist of pilot, data, and control sub-carrier. It should
be noted that the present invention is not limited by the
number of sub-carriers constituting a basic PRU.
According to some embodiments of the present invention,
a basic PRU may be divided into '18/x' MRUs in frequency
axis to support distributed allocation scheme. 'x' may
preferably have a value of two (2). If x=1, which leads to
namely "tone-wise sub-channelization," it is difficult to
implement SFBC. Therefore, for SFBC, it is required to pair
two (2) sub-carriers as one unit. In other words, a basic
PRU may preferably consist of 9 (= 18/2) MRUs, each of which
consists of 2 sub-carriers (i.e., x=2) to support
distributed allocation scheme.
SFBC is applicable for a system supporting irregular
sub-frames where implementing STBC is not feasible. However,
in SFBC mode, distributed allocation scheme is difficult to
implement when tone-wise sub-channelization (i.e., x=l) is
adopted due to data sub-carrier pairing problem which is an
inherent in SFBC. Therefore, according to the some
embodiments of the present invention, 'x' may preferably
have a value of 2, 3, 6, 9, or 18, and accordingly, the
number of MRUs in a basic PRU may become 9, 6, 3, 2, or 1
for distributed allocation in the condition that all the
MRUs forming the basic PRU have the same size. However, in
case that all of the MRUs forming a basic PRU do not
necessarily have the same size, 'x' may have any integer
value ranging from 2 to 18.
Fig. 7 illustrates a structure of a MRU for a basic PRU
of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment of the
present invention.
In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of
18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols, and a MRU consists of 6
sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols. Therefore, the basic PRU
of size (18, 6) consists of three (3) of the MRU of size (6,
6) which are adjacent to each other in frequency axis.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is shown that a MRU consists of 36
tones (= 6*6) . In this document, the term 'tone'
represents a resource specified by 1 sub-carrier by 1 OFDMA
symbol.
On the other hand, if a MRU is designed to have the
size of (9, 6) so that a basic PRU of size (18, 6) consists
of two (2) of the MRUs, sufficient frequency diversity may
not be obtained. To the contrary, if a MRU structure is
designed so that a basic PRU of size (18, 6) consists of
four (4) or more of the MRUs, then overhead and/or the
complexity of the system may be increased. In addition, if
pilots are divided for more than as many as three (3) MRUs
of a PRU, it is not feasible to support SFBC. Therefore,
to optimize system performance when a basic PRU size is (18,
6) , it is preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into
three (3) MRUs in frequency axis.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 illustrate other structures of a MRU
for a basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one
embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
In Fig. 8, the sub-channelization method is same as in
Fig. 7 except that the basic PRU and the MRU consist of 5
OFDMA symbols, respectively.
In Fig. 9, the sub-channelization method is same as in
Fig. 7 except that the basic PRU and the MRU consist of 7
OFDMA symbols, respectively.
Referring to Figs. 8 and Fig. 9, it is shown that a MRU
consists of 30 or 42 tones (= 6*5 or 6*7), respectively.
Fig. 10 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of regular sub-frame according to one embodiment
of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of
18 sub-carriers by 6 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists
of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time
axis. All of the three (3) MRUs have the same size of (18,
2) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 10, it is shown
that a MRU consists of 36 tones (= 18*2) .
On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic
PRU of size (18, 6) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 3).
However, in this case, enough time diversity may not be
obtained. Therefore, to optimize system performance when a
basic PRU size is (18, 6) , it is preferable to sub-
channelize the basic PRU into three (3) MRUs in time axis.
Fig. 11 illustrates other structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to other
embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of
18 sub-carriers by 5 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists
of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time
axis. Although it is preferable to make all of the three
(3) MRUs in the basic PRU to have the same size, this is
not possible for an irregular sub-frame consisting of five
(5) OFDMA symbols. Therefore, two (2) of the MRUs have a
size of (18, 2) and remaining one (1) of the MRUs has a
size of (18, 1) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 11,
it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 or 18 tones (= 18*2
or 18*1), respectively.
On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic
PRU of size (18, 5) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 3) and
size (18, 2). However, in this case, enough time diversity
may not be obtained. Therefore, to optimize system
performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 5), it is
preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into three (3)
MRUs in time axis like this embodiment.
Fig. 12 illustrates another structure of a MRU for a
basic PRU of irregular sub-frame according to one
embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, a basic PRU preferably consists of
18 sub-carriers by 7 OFDMA symbols. The basic PRU consists
of three (3) MRUs which are adjacent to each other in time
axis. Although it is preferable to make all of the three
(3) MRUs in the basic PRU to have the same size, this is
not possible for an irregular sub-frame consisting of seven
(7) OFDMA symbols. Therefore, two (2) of the MRUs have a
size of (18, 2) and remaining one (1) of the MRUs has a
size of (18, 3) in this embodiment. Referring to Fig. 12,
it is shown that a MRU consists of 36 or 54 tones (= 18*2
or 18*3), respectively.
On the other hand, it is possible to divide the basic
PRU of size (18, 7) into two (2) MRUs of size (18, 4) and
size (18, 3). However, in this case, enough time diversity
may not be obtained. Therefore, to optimize system
performance when a basic PRU size is (18, 7), it is
preferable to sub-channelize the basic PRU into three (3)
MRUs in time axis like this embodiment.
As discussed above, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple
Output) methods such as SFBC/STBC may be implemented with
the MRU structures of Fig. 10, Fig. 11, and Fig. 12 because
each of the MRUs has enough length in frequency axis
accordingly.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the
previously described physical resource unit (PRU) is
transmitted by a base station to a mobile station. In
another embodiment, the previously described physical
resource unit (PRU) is transmitted by a mobile station to a
base station.
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a frame structure
according to one embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the system band 1301 is divided
into N number of frequency partitions FP0, FP1, ..., FPi, ...,
FPN-1. The frequency partitions may be used for fractional
frequency reuse or other purposes. Frequency partition FPi
1302 comprises LDRU,FPi number of distributed resource units
DRUFPi[j] (j=0 to LDRU/FPi-1) and/or at least one localized
resource units although not shown in Fig. 13. The time
duration of DRUFPi[j] may be the same as or shorter than the
time duration of a subframe, a plurality of which
constituting a frame. In this embodiment, the time
duration of DRUFPi[j] is the same as or shorter than the
time duration of a subframe. However, it should be
understood that the present invention is also applicable
when the time duration of DRUFPi[j] is shorter than the time
duration of a subframe. t-th subframe and DRUFPi[j] is
comprised of H number of OFDMA symbols. 1-th OFDM symbol
1304 is comprised of total Psc number of subcarriers,
including ni number of pilot subcarriers and Lsc,1 ( = Psc-n1)
number of data subcarriers. Without the n1 number of pilot
subcarriers, 1-th OFDM symbol 1304 can be re-drawn as block
1305. SC_DRUFPi[j],1[n] (n=0, ..., Lsc,1-1) in block 1305
indicates n-th subcarrier of 1-th OFDM symbol of j-th DRU
of i-th frequency partition of the system band.
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing subcarrier-to-DRU mapping
according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 (b) shows data subcarriers of 1-th OFDM symbol
of the whole DRUs included in frequency partition FPi as
shown in Fig. 14 (a) . Because each DRU includes Lsc,1
number of data subcarriers, frequency partition FPi
includes LDRU,FPi· Lsc,1 number of data subcarriers in total.
The Ldru, fpi • Lsc,1 number of subcarriers are renumbered in
order from index 0 to LDRU,FPi • Lsc,1 -1. Then, these
contiguous and logically renumbered data subcarrier
subcarriers are grouped into LDrU, fpi • LSp, 1 pairs and renumber
them from 0 to LDRU,FPi•LSP,1-1, where Lsp,1= Lsc,1/2. Each
renumbered data subcarrier pair is denoted by RSPFPi,1[u]
that indicates the subcarrier pair with index
{SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v] , SC_DRUFPi[j],1[2v+1]}, where,
0 Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 illustrate logical domain of the
frame structure according to the present invention. The
paired subcarriers RSPFPi,1[u] may be distributed and mapped
to distributed LRUs of frequency partition FPi by a
predetermined permutation formula. The distributed LRUs,
which correspond to corresponding PRUs in physical domain,
may be exchanged between a base station and a mobile
communication terminal.
According to one embodiment of the present invention,
the predetermined permutation formula is given by
SC_DRUFPi[j],1[m] = RSPFPi,1[k], and k is LDRU,FPi
•f(m,s)+g(PermSeq(),s,m,l,t) where is the m-th subcarrier
pair in the 1-th OFDMA symbol in the s-th distributed LRU
of the t-th subframe and m is the subcarrier pair index, 0
to LSp,i-l and t is the subframe index with respect to the
frame.
FIG. 15 shows a structure of a wireless communication
system capable of exchanging the data structures of Figs.
2-14, including the method of Fig. 6B. The wireless
communication system may have a network structure of an
evolved-universal mobile telecommunications system (E-UMTS).
The E-UMTS may also be referred to as a long term evolution
(LTE) system. The wireless communication system can be
widely deployed to provide a variety of communication
services, such as voices, packet data, etc.
Referring to FIG. 15, an evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio
access network (E-UTRAN) includes at least one base station
(BS) 20 which provides a control plane and a user plane.
A user equipment (UE) 10 may be fixed or mobile, and
may be referred to as another terminology, such as a mobile
station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station
(SS), a wireless device, etc. The BS 20 is generally a
fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may be
referred to as another terminology, such as an evolved
node-B (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access
point, etc. There are one or more cells within the
coverage of the BS 20. Interfaces for transmitting user
traffic or control traffic may be used between the BSs 20.
Hereinafter, a downlink is defined as a communication link
from the BS 20 to the UE 10, and an uplink is defined as a
communication link from the UE 10 to the BS 20.
The BSs 20 are interconnected by means of an X2
interface. The BSs 20 are also connected by means of an S1
interface to an evolved packet core (EPC), more
specifically, to a mobility management entity (MME)/serving
gateway (S-GW) 30. The SI interface supports a many-to-
many relation between the BS 20 and the MME/S-GW 30.
FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing constitutional
elements of a device 50, that can be either the UE or the
BS of Fig. 15, and that is capable of exchanging the data
structures of Figs. 2-14. Device 50 includes a processor
51, a memory 52, a radio frequency (RF) unit 53, a display
unit 54, and a user interface unit 55. Layers of the radio
interface protocol are implemented in the processor 51.
The processor 51 provides the control plane and the user
plane. The function of each layer can be implemented in
the processor 51. The processor 51 may also include a
contention resolution timer. The memory 52 is coupled to
the processor 51 and stores an operating system,
applications, and general files. If device 50 is a UE, the
display unit 54 displays a variety of information and may
use a well-known element such as a liquid crystal display
(LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), etc. The
user interface unit 55 can be configured with a combination
of well-known user interfaces such as a keypad, a touch
screen, etc. The RF unit 53 is coupled to the processor 51
and transmits and/or receives radio signals.
Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and
the network can be classified into a first layer (L1), a
second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the
lower three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI)
model that is well-known in the communication system. A
physical layer, or simply a PHY layer, belongs to the first
layer and provides an information transfer service through
a physical channel. A radio resource control (RRC) layer
belongs to the third layer and serves to control radio
resources between the UE and the network. The UE and the
network exchange RRC messages via the RRC layer.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that
various modifications and variations can be made in the
present invention without departing from the spirit or
scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the
present invention cover the modifications and variations of
this invention provided they come within the scope of the
appended claims and their equivalents,
[industrial Applicability]
The present invention is applicable to a wideband
wireless mobile communication system supporting SFBC.
[claims]
[claim 1]
A method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile
communication terminal and a base station, comprising:
exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the
base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU
having a plurality of OFDMA symbols, each 1th OFDMA symbol
comprising:
n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined
pilot allocation scheme,
the remaining LDRU • (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the
1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU • (Psc -
n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers
being grouped into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone
pairs being renumbered 0 to LDRU • Lpair/1 -1, and
the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ; (i + 1)
LPair,1 -1) having a predetermined permutation formula
applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs,
where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1,
wherein LDRU = number of DRUs, Psc = number of
subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (PsC
- n1)/2.
[CLAIM 2]
The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of
exchanging comprises:
transmitting the PRU from the base station to the
mobile communication terminal.
[CLAIM 3]
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging
comprises:
receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal
from the base station.
[CLAIM 4]
The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined
permutation formula comprises:
pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1,
t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 =
0, 1, ..., Nsym-1, where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair
index of an mth tone pair (0 symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame,
s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a
permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function
or a lookup table.
[CLAIM 5]
A method of wirelessly communicating between a mobile
communication terminal and a base station, comprising:
exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the
base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU
having a plurality of OFDMA symbols, the step of exchanging
comprising:
for each 1th OFDMA symbol, allocating n1 pilots in
accordance with a predetermined pilot allocation scheme,
renumbering the remaining LDrU • (PSc - n1) data
subcarriers of the 1th OFDMA symbol in order, from 0 to LDRU
(Psc - n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered
subcarriers being grouped into LDRU • Lpair,1 tone pairs and
the tone pairs being renumbered 0 to Ldru • Lpair,1 -1, and
mapping logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ;
(i+1) • Lpair,1 -1) into ith distributed LRUs by applying a
predetermined permutation formula, where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-
1,
wherein LDRU = number of DRUs, Psc = number of
subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair,1 = (Psc
- n1)/2.
[CLAIM 6]
The method of claim 5, wherein in the step of
exchanging comprises:
transmitting the PRU from the base station to the
mobile communication terminal.
[CLAIM 7]
The method of claim 5, wherein the step of exchanging
comprises:
receiving the PRU at the mobile communication terminal
from the base station.
[CLAIM 8]
The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined
permutation formula comprises:
pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDru • f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1,
t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 =
0, 1, ..., Nsym-1 where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair
index of an mth tone pair (0 symbol (0 subframe; t is a subframe index with respect to the frame,
s is a distributed LRU index (0 index within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a
permutation sequence generated by a predetermined function
or a lookup table.
[CLAIM 9]
A communications device configured to wirelessly
communicate with another device, the communications device
comprising:
a memory; and
a processor operatively connected to the memory and
configured to exchange a physical resource unit (PRU) with
the another device, the PRU having a plurality of OFDMA
symbols, each 1th OFDMA symbol comprising:
n1 pilots allocated in accordance with a predetermined
pilot allocation scheme,
the remaining LDRU • (Psc - n1) data subcarriers of the
1th OFDMA symbol renumbered in order, from 0 to Ldru • (Psc -
n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers
being grouped into LDru • Lpair,1 tone pairs and the tone
pairs being renumbered 0 to LDRU " Lpair,1 -1, and
the logically contiguous tone pairs (i • Lpair,1 ; (i+1)
Lpair,1 -1) having a predetermined permutation formula
applied to be permuted and mapped into ith distributed LRUs,
where i = 0, 1,..., LDRU-1,
wherein Ldru = number of DRUs, Psc = number of
subcarriers within an OFDMA symbol in the PRU, Lpair, 1 = (Psc
- n1)/2.
[CLAIM 10]
The communications device of claim 9, wherein the
communications device is a base station in a mobile
communications network, the base station being configured
to encode and transmit the PRU.
[CLAIM 11]
The communications device of claim 9, wherein the
communications device is a mobile communications terminal
in a mobile communications network, the mobile
communications terminal being configured to receive and
decode the PRU.
[CLAIM 12]
The communications device of claim 9, wherein the
predetermined permutation formula comprises:
pair (s, m, 1, t) = LDRU · f(m,s) + g(PermSeq(), s, m, 1,
t), for an sth distributed LRU of a tth subframe, where 1 =
0, 1, ..., Nsym-1 where pair (s, m, 1, t) is a tone-pair index
of an mth tone pair (0 (0 is a subframe index with respect to the frame, s is a
distributed LRU index (0 within the 1th OFDMA symbol, and PermSeq() is a permutation
sequence generated by a predetermined function or a lookup
table.

A method and device for wirelessly communicating between a mobile communication terminal and a base station,
including exchanging a physical resource unit (PRU) between the base station and the mobile communication terminal, the PRU
having a plurality of OFDMA symbols. Each 1th symbol includes: n1 pilots allocated per a predetermined pilot allocation scheme,
the remaining LDRU. (Psc - n1) data subcarriers renumbered in order, from 0 to LDRU (Psc- n1) - 1, with logically contiguous renumbered subcarriers grouped into LDRU, Lpair,1 pairs and renumbered 0 to LDRU, Lpair,1 -1, and logically contiguous formed tone pairs
(i. Lpair,1; (i+1), Lpair,l-1) having a predetermined permutation formula applied to mapp into ith distributed LRUs, where i = 0,
1,...,LDRU-1.

Documents:

http://ipindiaonline.gov.in/patentsearch/GrantedSearch/viewdoc.aspx?id=XsbFZB92ulbF4DBFcvz/1w==&loc=wDBSZCsAt7zoiVrqcFJsRw==

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Patent Number

278250

Indian Patent Application Number

916/KOLNP/2010

PG Journal Number

53/2016

Publication Date

23-Dec-2016

Grant Date

19-Dec-2016

Date of Filing

11-Mar-2010

Name of Patentee

LG ELECTRONICS INC.

Applicant Address

20, YEOUIDO-DONG, YEONGDEUNGPO-GU, SEOUL 150-721 REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	CHOI, JIN SOO	LG INSTITUTE HOGYE 1(IL)-DONG, DONGAN-GU, ANYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 431-080 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
2	CHO, HAN GYU	LG INSTITUTE HOGYE 1(IL)-DONG, DONGAN-GU, ANYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 431-080 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
3	IHM, BIN CHUL	LG INSTITUTE HOGYE 1(IL)-DONG, DONGAN-GU, ANYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 431-080 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
4	LEE, WOOK BONG	LG INSTITUTE HOGYE 1(IL)-DONG, DONGAN-GU, ANYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 431-080 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
5	KWAK, JIN SAM	LG INSTITUTE HOGYE 1(IL)-DONG, DONGAN-GU, ANYANG-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 431-080 REPUBLIC OF KOREA

PCT International Classification Number

H04L 27/26

PCT International Application Number

PCT/KR2009/001814

PCT International Filing date

2009-04-08

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	61/047,417	2008-04-23	U.S.A.
2	61/044,059	2008-04-11	U.S.A.
3	61/054,461	2008-05-19	U.S.A.
4	61/051,359	2008-05-08	U.S.A.
5	10-2009-0028898	2009-04-03	U.S.A.