Title of Invention | IMPROVED BLIND DECODING IN A MOBILE ENVIRONMENT |
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Abstract | Providing for modified rate-matching of modulated data to convey mobile network system information is described herein. By way of example, a rate-matching state, such as a data offset, can be introduced into a coded data stream that is modulated to resources of a wireless signal. The state can further be correlated to a state of the network system, such as transmit antenna configuration. Terminals receiving the wireless signal can analyze the signal to identify the rate-matching stale and obtain the correlated network system state. Components of the terminal can then be configured according to the particular network system state, resulting in improving access point detection, and in some cases improved channel throughput and reliability. |
Full Text | COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See section 10; rule 13) 'IMPROVED BLIND DECODING IN A MOBILE ENVIRONMENT" Qualcomm Incorporated, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of Delaware, USA, of Attn: International IP Administration, 5775 Morehouse Drive, San Diego, California 92121-1714 USA. The following specification particularly describes the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed: IMPROVED BLIND DECODING IN A MOBILE ENVIRONMENT Claim of Priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 [0001 ] The present Application for Patent claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/970,508 entitled METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ENABLING EFFICIENT ANTENNA AND P-BCH BUND DECODING IN E-UTRAN filed September 6. 2007 and to U.S. Provisional Application No, 60/992,668 entitled METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ENABLING EFFICIENT ANTENNA AND P-BCH BLIND DECODING IN E-UTRAN filed December 5, 2007. each of which are assigned to the assignee hereof and hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein. BACKGROUND I. Field [0002] The following relates generally to wireless communication, and more specifically to facilitating blind decoding of system information at a user terminal. II. Background [0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide remote devices with various types of communication content such as. e.g.. voice content, data content, and so on. These wireless communication systems can be multiple-access systems capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g.. bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiple-access systems can include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) systems, third generation partnership project 2 (3GPP2) ultra mobile broadband (UMB) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, and like systems. [0004] Generally, a wireless multiple-access communication system can simultaneously support communication for multiple wireless terminals. Each terminal can communicate with one or more base stations via wireless transmissions on forward and reverse links. The forward link (or downlink) refers to the communication link from base stations to terminals, and the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communication link from terminals to base stations. Further, communication between the terminals and base stations can be established via single-input single-output (SISO) systems, multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, and so forth. [0005] A MIMO system employs multiple (AV) transmit antennas and multiple (Nn) receive antennas for data transmission. A MIMO channel formed by the Nj transmit and A^ receive antennas can be decomposed into Ns independent channels (also referred, e.g., as spatial channels) where Ns channels corresponds to a dimension, The MIMO system can provide improved performance {e.g.., higher throughput and/or greater reliability) if the additional dimensionalities created by the multiple transmit and receive antennas are utilized. [0006] A MIMO system supports time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) systems. In a TDD system, the forward and reverse link transmissions are on a same frequency region, enabling estimation of the forward link channel from the reverse Sink channel by way of reciprocity principles. This estimation enables an access point (e.g., base station) to extract transmit beamforming gain on the forward link when multiple antennas are available at the access point. SUMMARY [0007] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects, This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Us sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later. [0008] The subject disclosure provides for conveying network system information by adjusting rate-matching of modulated signals included in a wireless transmission. In at least one aspect of the subject disclosure, a data offset can be introduced into a coded data stream that is modulated to resources of the wireless signal. The data offset can represent a state of the network system. As one specific example, one or more data offsets can represent one or more transmission antenna configuration states {e.g., as part of a multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] transmission system). For instance, a first data offset can represent a single transmission antenna configuration, a second data offset can represent a dual transmission antenna configuration, or a third data offset can represent a quad transmission antenna configuration, or a combination thereof or of the like. Furthermore, wireless terminals can he configured to analyze incoming wireless signals to identify modified rate- matching associated with a demodulated data stream. A rules map can correlate system information with particular rate-matching modifications. Receive antennas of the terminal can then be configured according to the particular system information, improving access point detection and channel throughput and reliability. [0009] According to some aspects of the subject disclosure, provided is a method of wireless communications. The method can comprise segmenting a wireless signal into multiple resources. The method can further comprise conveying wireless network system information by employing at least one distinct data offset in rate matching a data stream to resources of the wireless signal. [0010] In other aspects, provided is an apparatus configured for wireless communications. The apparatus can comprise a signal parser that segments a wireless signal into multiple resources. Additionally, the apparatus can comprise a signal processor that conveys wireless network system information by employing at least one distinct data offset in rate matching a data stream to resources of the wireless signal. Moreover, the apparatus can comprise memory coupled to the signal processor, [0011] According to one or more other additional aspects, disclosed is another apparatus configured for wireless communications. Such other apparatus can comprise means for segmenting a wireless signal into multiple resources. Moreover, such other apparatus can comprise means for conveying wireless network system information by employing at least one distinct data offset in rate matching a data stream to resources of the wireless signal. [0012] In still other aspects, provided is a processor configured for wireless communications. The processor can comprise a first module that segments a wireless signal into multiple resources. Additionally, the processor can comprise a second module that conveys wireless network system information by employing at least one distinct data offset in rate matching a data stream to resources of the wireless signal, [0013] According to at least one aspect of the disclosure, provided is a computer program product (also referred to as device) comprising a computer-readable medium comprising code (also referred to as, instructions) configured for wireless communications. The instructions can be executable by at least one device to segment a wireless signal into multiple resources. The instructions can further be executable by the at least one device to convey wireless network system information by employing at least one distinct data offset in rate matching a data stream to resources of the wireless signal. [0014] According to further aspects of the disclosure, provided is a method of detecting a wireless access point (AP). The method can comprise identifying at least one distinct data offset in one or more resources of a received wireless signal. Moreover, the method can comprise mapping the at least one distinct data offset to an offset rules map to ascertain network system information from the received wireless signal. [0015] According to additional aspects, disclosed is a user terminal (UT) configured for deleting a wireless AP. The UT can comprise a receiver module that identifies at least one distinct data offset in one or more resources of a received wireless signal. Additionally, the UT can comprise an offset rules map that correlates data offsets to network system information and memory for storing the offset rules map. In addition to the foregoing, the UT can comprise a correlation module that ascertains a state of the network system by comparing the at least one distinct data offset to (he offset rules map. [0016] In one or more other aspects, provided is an apparatus for detecting a wireless AP. The apparatus can comprise means for identifying at least one distinct data offset in one or more resources of a received wireless signal. Further, the apparatus can comprise means for correlating data offsets to network system information. Moreover, the apparatus can comprise means for ascertaining a state of the network system from the at least one distinct data offset. [0017] According to further aspects, disclosed is a processor configured to detect a wireless AP. The processor can comprise a first module that identifies at least one distinct data offset in one or more resources of a received wireless signal. Additionally, the processor can comprise a second module that maps the at least one distinct data offset to an offset rules map to ascertain network system information from the received wireless signal, [0018] In addition to the foregoing, disclosed is a computer program product (also referred to as device) comprising a computer-readable medium comprising code (also referred to as. instructions) in some aspects of the subject disclosure. The instructions can be executable by at least one device to identify at least one distinct daia offset in one or more resources of a received wireless signal. Moreover, the instructions can be further executable by the at least one device to map the at least one distinct data offset to an offset rules map to ascertain network system information from the received wireless signal. [0019] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the one or more aspects. These aspects arc indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects can be employed and the described aspects are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0020] Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an example system that provides wireless communication in accordance with aspects set forth herein. [0021] Fig, 2 depicts a block diagram of an example communication apparatus for employment with a wireless communication environment. [0022] Fig. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an example system that conveys network system stale utilizing modified rate-matching. [0023] Fig. 4 depicts a block diagram of an example system providing modified rate-matching to convey network system state. [0024] Fig. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an example rate-matching apparatus that conveys txmit antenna stale via modified rate-matching of broadcast data streams. [0025] Fig. 6 depicts a block diagram of a sample user terminal (UT) configured lo identity modified rate-matching of demodulated streams and determine network state. [0026] Fig. 7 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station thai conveys transmission antenna configurations by employing rate-matching data offsets. [0027] Fig. 8 depicts a flowchart of an example methodology for conveying network state by modified rate-matching of broadcast data streams. [0028] Fig. 9 illustrates a flowchart of an example methodology for broadcasting txmit antenna configuration via modified rate-matching of broadcast data streams. [0029] Fig. 10 depicts a flowchart of an example methodology for identifying modified rate-matching and extracting txmit system state at a receiver. |0030] Pig. 11 illustrates a flowchart of a sample methodology for blind decoding of txmit antenna configuration via identifying data offsets in demodulated data streams, [0031] Fig. 12 illustrates a block diagram of an example system that provides wireless communication between remote devices according to aspects disclosed herein. [0032] Fig. 13 depicts a block diagram of an example system that conveys system information utilizing modified rate-matching according to aspects of the disclosure. [0033] Fig. 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example system that blind decodes txmit antenna state according to modified rate-matching of received signals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0034] Various aspects are now described with reference to the drawings, wherein iike reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects. It can be evident, however, that such aspect(s) can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more aspects. [0035] In addition, various aspects of the disclosure are described below. It should be apparent that the teaching herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function disclosed herein is merely representative. Based on the teachings herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that an aspect disclosed herein can be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus can be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, an apparatus can be implemented and/or a method practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to or other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein. As an example, many of the methods, devices, systems and apparatuses described herein are described in the context of providing secure tracking and reporting of wireless resource usage at a terminal device. One skilled in the art should appreciate that similar techniques could apply to other communication environments. [0036] To facilitate communication with remote terminals in a mobile networking arrangement, network base stations broadcast wireless signals that include synchronization and/or acquisition signals, The signals vary from one system to another (e.g., an LTE system can utilize a primary synchronization channel [PSC] and secondary synchronization channel |SSC|, whereas a UMB system can utilize TDM1, TDM2, and TDM3 acquisition pilots), but typically include data that facilitates various functions pertinent to mobile communications. Examples of such functions include identifying a base station broadcasting a wireless signal and a type of system associated with the base station (e.g., LTE, UMB, etc.), providing initial timing and/or frequency data for demodulating the signal, conveying initial system parameters concerning the system (e.g., whether synchronous or asynchronous, what time division duplex |TDD| partitioning is used), and so on. In addition, wireless signals comprise control channels that provide configuration information utilized by remote terminals to register on the mobile network and communicate with the network. Paging services, utilized to notify a terminal of an inbound call, are one example of functions performed with control channel information in some systems. [0037] Control channel and pilot information are often provided in dedicated resources (e.g., time, frequency) of a wireless signal. This provides an advantage in that receiving devices can reliably analyze predetermined resources to obtain demodulation and synchronization data concerning the wireless signal. One drawback, however, is that additional resources might not be available for other information pertinent to initial acquisition or signal synchronization. For instance, where a standard governing a mobile system provides specific resources for pilot and control information, the signal might have limited capacity to accommodate advancements in the network architecture after the standard is established. Thus, for instance, where a system evolves to have multiple acquisition/control states, transmission states, or the like, not envisioned by the standard, it can be difficult to convey system stale information. [0038] One particular problem is illustrated by blind decoding. When a mobile device first enters a macro network, system and/or channel information from the network may be necessary in order to communicate with the network, However, if the mobile device is not already acclimated with the network, some o( the information might have to be decoded blindly, or without specific instruction on how to decode a channel or where system information exists within a received signal. One mechanism for blind decoding is to analyze (he received signal according to multiple known stales. Where a particular known state is well correlated with analyzed signals, it can be assumed that the particular state corresponds with the signal, However, this assumption can lead to faise alarms, where multiple stales sufficiently correlate to the analyzed signal, Multiple correlations can occur, for instance, where high signal to noise (SNR) is prevalent. [0039] To address the foregoing problem, the subject disclosure provides for modified rale-matching techniques for broadcast signals which can be utilized lo convey system information. Broadcast signals, as utilized herein, refer lo downlink wireless resources that convey information to all remote devices that receive the signals. Examples of broadcast signals can include a broadcast channel (BCH), primary broadcast channel (PBCH), broadcast control channel (BCCH), downlink control channel (DL-CCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and/or like broadcast signals. By employing modified rate-matching to convey system information, additional broadcast channel resources are typically not required. Thus, for instance, a data offset can be utilized in rate-matching information that is to be blind decoded, resulting in reduced probability of false alarms, discussed above. Accordingly, the subject disclosure can be utilized with legacy mobile network modulation as well as future released mobile standards and architectures. [0040] As one example of the foregoing, a network's transmit antenna configuration for sending a downlink signal can be conveyed utilizing modified rate-matching. This can alleviate problems with base station detection and/or blind decoding of base station signals in radio access networks. For instance, in E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network), a user terminal blindly detects a number of transmit antennas at initial signal acquisition. The number of antennas is linked to transmit diversity modes used in sending a PBCH. For single antenna configuration, there is no transmit diversity; the signal is mapped to consecutive tones of the wireless signal. For a dual antenna configuration, space-frequency block coding scheme (SFBC) is employed to pair signals together and send each signal of the pair over one of the dual channels utilizing different tones. For a quad antenna configuration, SFBC is utilized along with frequency switch transmit diversity (FSTD) to send signals over four antennas. For different cyclic prefix and frame structure combinations, the following table shows PBCH configuration: Configuration Values of index / Frame structure type 1 Frame structure type 2 Normal cyclic prefix if = 15 kHz. .j in slot 0 of subframe 0 In subframe 0 in 3, 4. the first half-5, 6 frame of a radio frame . in slot 1 of subframe 0 Extended cyclic prefix Af - 1 5 tvH* ^ in slot 0 of subframe 0 In subframe 0 in 3, 4, the first half-5. 6 frame of a radio frame [0041] In order to properly decode a signal and utilize communication features provided in MIMO and related systems, a user terminal typically first determines how many transmit antennas are utilized by the transmitter to send the signal. Where the number of transmit antennas is not explicitly specified in a wireless signal, a user terminal will blind decode the number of transmit antennas. Blind decoding involves correlating aspects of a received signal to parameters associated with various antenna configurations, When the user terminal identifies a configuration that is well correlated with the received signal, the terminal assumes that configuration is the proper configuration. Thus, for instance, where a received signal is well correlated with parameters associated with a dual antenna configuration, the terminal assumes a dual transmit antenna configuration, [0042] In certain wireless environments, e.g.. where a receiver obtains the wireless signal with high signal to noise ratio (SNR), multiple configurations can be well correlated with the signal, even though only one actual configuration is present. Accordingly, the terminal might decode the wrong antenna configuration in a blind decoding scenario. Thus, some explicit signaling of antenna configuration can be beneficial to improve system configuration decoding at a receiver. [0043] Typical rate-matching of broadcast data streams (e.g.. PBCH) to a wireless signal assumes the same starting frequency tone regardless of system configuration (e.g., number of transmit antennas). The subject disclosure provides for modified rate-matching to convey system configuration information. In one aspect, an offset tone (e.g., for FDMA systems), offset code (e.g., for CDMA systems), or a like resource offset can be implemented in rate-matching. Rate-matching involves coding one or more data streams into a coded stream and mapping the coded stream to resources of a wireless signal. A rate-matching offset can be implemented in various manners when mapping the coded stream to the wireless signal resources, As an example, different starling frequency tones of the coded signal can be mapped to a first resource of the wireless signal. Thus, as a specific example, modified rale-matching can map one of a first, tenth or twentieth frequency tone to the first resource, States of a system can be related to which tone is mapped to the first resource, providing additional system information to a receiver without requiring additional signaling resources. As an alternative example, the starting frequency lone of the coded signal can be mapped to different resources of the wireless signal. As a more particular example, the first frequency tone can be mapped to a first resource, a tenth resource or twentieth resource, to represent the three different states of the system. \\ should be appreciated that additional states can be conveyed by incorporating other offset states (e.g., a single offset can represent two states, three offsets can represent four states, and so on) in addition to the examples articulated above. Accordingly, the subject disclosure should not be limited to the above articulated examples; rather, other rate-matching modifications made known to one of skill in the art by way of the context provided herein are incorporated into the subject disclosure. [0044] In another example, for instance in third generation partnership project long term evolution {3GPP LTE) or other suitable networks, modified rate-matching can be implemented to provide system data in conjunction with PDCCH blind decoding, With certain PDCCH payload sizes (e.g.. 48 bit payload). multiple decoding hypothesis can be successfully decoded in some circumstances (e.g., where high SNR is observed at a receiver). Such a result can lead to selection of an incorrect hypothesis, causing problems in system operation. Accordingly, the disclosed subject matter can link modified rate-matching, such as a data offset described in more detail below, to the number of tones employed by a PDCCH. The modified rate-matching can be more readily identified by the mobile device, facilitating significant reduction in false alarms relating to the payload size of the PDCCH or other PDCCH-related system parameters. 072319 1 I [0045] By employing rate-matching data offsets, or other means for modified rate-matching, a broadcast data stream decoded at a user terminal can have very low correlation values to non-existent system states. Thus, even in high SNR environments, it can be very unlikely to decode an improper antenna configuration. Accordingly, by modified rate-matching, improved blind decoding is provided without requiring that additional signal resources be allocated to PBCH or downlink broadcast channel (DBCH) streams. [0046] The techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communication systems such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA (single carrier FDMA) and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" arc often used interchangeably. A CDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CMDA2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and other variants of CDMA. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. A TDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM®, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). LTE is an upcoming release of UMTS that uses E-UTRA. which employs OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). [0047] As used in the subject disclosure, the terms "component," "system," "module" and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, software, software in execution, firmware, middle ware, microcode, and/or any combination thereof. For example, a module can be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, a device, and/or a computer. One or more modules can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a module can be localized on one electronic device and/or distributed between two or more electronic devices. Further, these modules can execute from various computer-readable media having various data structures stored thereon, The modules can communicate by way of local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the Internet with other systems by way of the signal). Additionally, components or modules of systems described herein can be rearranged and/or complemented by additional components/modules/systems in order to facilitate achieving the various aspects, goals, advantages, etc., described with regard thereto, and are not limited to the precise configurations set forth in a given figure, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. [0048] Furthermore, various aspects are described herein in connection with a user terminal - UT. A UT can also be called a system, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, mobile station, mobile, mobile communication device, mobile device, remote station, remote terminal, access terminal (AT), user agent (UA). a user device, or user equipment (UE). A subscriber station can be a cellular telephone, a cordless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device having wireless connection capability, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem or similar mechanism facilitating wireless communication with a processing device. [0049] In one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or any suitable combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any physical media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer storage media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive...), or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. In addition, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave. then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blue-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. 10050] For a hardware implementation, the processing units' various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or performed within one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), discrete gale or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, general purpose processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but, in the alternative. the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine, A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g.. a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration. Additionally, at least one processor can comprise one or move modules operable to perform one or more of the steps and/or actions described herein. [0051] Moreover, various aspects or features described herein can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. Further, the steps and/or actions of a method or algorithm described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. Additionally, in some aspects, the steps and/or actions of a method or algorithm can reside as at least one or any combination or set of codes and/or instructions on a machine-readable medium and/or computer-readable medium, which can be incorporated into a computer program product. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device or media. t [0052] Additionally, the word "exemplary" is used herein lo mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, Rather, use of the word exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive 'or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context. "X employs A or B" is intended lo mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed lo a singular form. [0053] As used herein, the terms to "infer" or "inference" refer generally to the process of reasoning about or inferring states of the system, environment, and/or user from a set of observations as captured via events and/or data. Inference can be employed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate a probability distribution over slates, for example. The inference can be probabilistic-that is, the computation of a probability distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of data and events. Inference can also refer lo techniques employed for composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, whether or not the events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and data come from one or several event and data sources. [0054] Referring now to the drawings. Fig. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 with multiple base stations 110 and multiple terminals 120. such as can be utilized in conjunction with one or more aspects. A base station (110) is generally a fixed station that communicates with the terminals and can also be called an access point, a Node B, or some other terminology. Each base station 1 10 provides communication coverage for a particular geographic area or coverage area, illustrated as three geographic areas in Fig. 1, labeled 102a, 102b, and 102c. The term "cell" can refer to a base station and/or its coverage area depending on the context in which the term is used. To improve system capacity, a base station geographic area/coverage area can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas (e.g., three smaller areas, according lo cell 102a in Fig. I), f04a. 104b, and 104c. Each smaller area (104a. 104b, 104c) can be served by a respective base transceiver subsystem (BTS), The term "sector" can refer to a BTS and/or its coverage area depending on the context in which the term is used. For a sectorized cell, the BTSs for all sectors of that cell are typically co-located within the base station for the cell. The blind decoding techniques described herein can be used for a system with sectorized ceils as well as a system with multiple un-sectorized cells (e.g.. a plurality of cells of a larger geographic area). For simplicity, in the following description, unless specified otherwise, the term "base station" is used generically for a fixed station that serves a sector as well as a fixed station that serves a cell. In addition, the term "cell" is used generically to refer to a geographic cell comprising multiple sectors, ov a geographic area comprising multiple cells. [0055] Terminals 120 are typically dispersed throughout the system, and each terminal 120 can be fixed or mobile, Terminals 120 can also be called a mobile station, user equipment, a user device, of some other terminology, as discussed above. A terminal 120 can be a wireless device, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem card, and so on. Each terminal 120 can communicate with zero, one, or multiple base stations 110 on the downlink and uplink at any given moment. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base stations to the terminals, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the terminals to the base stations. As used herein, a base station with which a terminal 120 maintains an active communication or an active registration is termed a "serving base station". [0056] For a centralized architecture, a system controller 130 couples to base stations I 10 and provides coordination and control for base stations 1 10. For a distributed architecture, base stations 110 can communicate with one another as needed (e.g., employing a backhaul network, not depicted). Data transmission on the forward link often occurs from one access point to one access terminal at or near the maximum data rate that can be supported by the forward link and/or the communication system. Additional channels of the forward link (e.g.. control channel) can be transmitted from multiple access points to one access terminal. Reverse link data communication can occur from one access terminal to one or more access points. [0057] Fig. 2 is an illustration of an ad hoc or unplanned/semi-planned wireless communication environment 200, in accordance with various aspects. System 200 can comprise one or move base stations 202 in one or move cells and/ov sectors that receive, transmit, repeat, etc., wireless communication signals to each other and/or to one or more mobile devices 204. As illustrated, each base station 202 can provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area, illustrated as four geographic areas, labeled 206a. 206b, 206c and 206d. Each base station 202 can comprise a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, each of which can in turn comprise a plurality of components associated with signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, and so forth.}, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. Mobile devices 204 can be, for example, cellular phones, smart phones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs, and/or any other suitable device configured for wireless data exchange with a remote device. It should be appreciated that mobile devices 204 can also receive, transmit, repeat, etc., wireless communication signals to each other and/or to the one or more base stations 202 of system 200, System 200 can be employed in conjunction with various aspects described herein in order to facilitate detection of base stations and decoding system (200) configuration parameters, as set forth herein. [0058] Fig. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an example system 300 that provides modified rate-matching to convey system information according to aspects of the subject disclosure. System 300 can comprise a rate-matching apparatus 302 that receives a coded broadcast data stream 304A (e.g., PBCH. DBCH, or the like) and outputs a modulated broadcast data stream 304B. In some aspects, the modulated output 304B can be modified as compared with a baseline output (e.g., see Fig. 4, infra) to represent different network states. Accordingly, a receiving device can identify a slate of the system with great accuracy as compared with the baseline output only. [0059] Resources of a modulated output stream 304B can be provided by a signal parser 304 that segments a wireless signal into multiple resources. Resources can comprise time, frequency or code divisions, sub-divisions thereof, or a combination of the foregoing or of the like, as suited to a particular communication network (e.g., CMDA or CDMA200, LTE, GSM, UMTS, etc.). A signal processor 306 can map bits of a coded bit stream 304A to the resources of the wireless signal provided by signal parser 304. In a typical baseline mapping, the first tone/code/bit of the coded stream 304A is mapped to the first resource of the wireless signal, and subsequent bits of the coded stream 304-A are mapped to consecutive resources of the wireless signal. In some cases, the data stream is mapped only to resources of the wireless signal that arc allocated to a type of traffic, regardless if whether the resources are partially or wholly non-consecutive. Thus, for instance, if the data stream involves acquisition or synchronization data, signal processor 306 can map the tones/codes/bits to resources of the wireless signal allocated to acquisition or synchronization data, and skip resources not allocated to such data. As another example, if the data stream involves control channel information, signal processor 306 can map the tones/codes/bills to resources of the wireless signal allocated to control channel information, skipping non-control channel resources in the mapping, and so on. [0060] In modified rate-matching, signal processor 306 departs from the baseline mapping, described above, in a distinct manner, The modified mapping can comprise several stales, which can be mapped to states of a network (e.g., transmit antenna configuration, position, orientation, number, etc.). By identifying distinct mapped states, a receiver can determine a particular network stale with high probability. [0061] One example of distinct mapping states can comprise one or more data offsets. The data offsets can be relative the coded data stream 304A, the modulated output data stream 304B, or a combination thereof. For instance, mapping a first tone/code/bit of the coded stream 304A to a first resource of the output stream 304B can comprise a baseline offset (e.g., a non-offset). Mapping a different tone/code/bit of the coded stream 304A other than the first (e.g., the second bit, fifth hit, tenth bit. etc.) to the first resource of the output stream 304B can represent a first non-baseline offset. Mapping a third bit, other than the first bit and different bit, of the coded stream 304A to the first resource of the output stream 304B can represent a second non-baseline offset, providing three offset states in total (e.g., baseline, first offset, second offset). In a general sense, the offsets can be represented by variables QQ, QJ and Q2 where the offset variables represent the bit/tone/code position of the coded stream 304A that is mapped to the first resource of the output stream 304B. Offsets can be stored in memory 310 for reference by the signal processor 308. Further, updated offset values Qo. Q; and C^can be written to the stored offsets to change data offset configurations (e.g., mapping of bits/tones/codes to resources) implemented by the signal processor 308. Further, memory 310 can store a modified rate-matching parameter specifying various types of rate-matching (e.g.. offset relative the code stream 304A, offset relative the output stream 304B) to be employed by the signal processor 308. By updating the rate-matching parameter, signal processor 308 can switch from one type of modified rate-matching to another. [0062] In an alternative example, data offsets can be relative the output stream 304B rather than the coded stream 304A. Thus, for example, a first bit/tone/code of the coded stream 304A can be mapped to the first resource of the output stream 304B for a baseline slate. The first bit/tone/code of the coded stream 304A can be mapped to a different resource of the output stream 304B (e.g., second, third, etc.) to provide a first non-baseline state. Additionally, the first bit/lone/code of stream 304A can be mapped to a third resource, other than the first and different resources, of the output stream 304B to provide a second non-baseline state, three states in total. By providing data offsets in rale-matching the coded stream 304A to the modulated output stream 304B, a receiver can distinguish different system states of a decoded stream with greater accuracy than utilizing only a baseline state (e.g., non-offset state) with transmission parameters of the different system states (e.g., correlation values for single antenna, dual antenna and quad antenna configurations). It should be appreciated that the foregoing examples are not lo be construed as limiting the disclosure to the aspects articulated above. Rather, various other data offset relations or mechanisms of modified rate-matching, known in the art or made known to one of skill in the art by way of the context provided herein, are contemplated as pair of the subject disclosure. [0063] Once modified rate-matching stales are established by signal processor 308, network system states can be correlated lo those vale-matching states. Thus, for instance, a number of transmit antennas, 1, 2, 4, etc., can be correlated lo a like number of data offsets, baseline, first non-baseline, second non-baseline, etc. The correlation can be described in a rate-matching rules map stored in memory 310. Once the modified output signal 304B is generated, the signal can be provided to a transmitter 312 for transmission to remote terminals (not depicted). The remote terminals can also employ the rules map in decoding the signal once received. Thus, in decoding the wireless signal and determining a rate-matching state, a correlated system state (e.g.. number of transmit antennas) can also be determined with reference lo the rules map, Accordingly, system 300 can facilitate improved detection of transmitter 312 and. in some cases, improved communication quality, throughput and reliability as a result. [0064] Fig. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an example system 400 that provides rate-matching for signal data streams in an E-UTRAN environment according lo aspecls of the subject disclosure. More specifically, system 400 can encode one or more input data streams and map a resulting coded data stream to a modulated output signal that can be transmitted by a wireless transmitter (e.g., as described by 3GPP TS Specification 36.212 v2,0.0 |2007-09|, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference, and particularly sections 5.1.4.2, 5.1.4.2.1, and 5.1.4.2.2). It should be appreciated that aspects of the subject disclosure are applicable to other access network technologies, and the disclosure should not be limited to the particular E-UTRAN example described below. [0065] As depicted at Fig. 4, 'N' broadcast channel input streams D'f', 0\u, ..,, /XVt, where N is a positive integer, can be received at various sub-block interleaves 402, 404, 406. The input streams comprise k bits from 0, 1 k~\. The sub-block interleaves can encode the input streams lo provide a number (e.g.. N) of output streams. In one example, encoding can comprise generating a matrix having C columns (e.g.. where C = 32) and R rows, where R is an integer such that k |.'VI, etc.) can be written to the R x C matrix row by row stalling with yo in column 0 of row 0, such that y:V , k - Df . where k = 0. ! d- i. The matrix can be described as indicated below: Vr vv- .Vo-1 y2 -V02 C-] >'2C-i V, v !«-])-■(" Sili-]y--C+\ .>{ li~\)*C + 2 " .Vl'/?-f-!; Next, an inter-column permutation can be performed on the R x C matrix. In one example, as indicated in the 3GPPTS 36.212 v 2.0.0 specification, the inter-column permutation can be based on the pattern (p(j)) ,0 r ,, shown in Table I below: Number of columns C Inter-column permutation pattern
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Patent Number | 278226 | ||||||||||||||||
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Indian Patent Application Number | 755/CHENP/2010 | ||||||||||||||||
PG Journal Number | 53/2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Publication Date | 23-Dec-2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Grant Date | 19-Dec-2016 | ||||||||||||||||
Date of Filing | 09-Feb-2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Name of Patentee | Qualcomm Incorporated | ||||||||||||||||
Applicant Address | Attn: International IP Administration, 5775 Morehouse Drive, San Diego, California 92121-1714 USA. | ||||||||||||||||
Inventors:
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PCT International Classification Number | H04L 1/00 ,H04B 7/06 | ||||||||||||||||
PCT International Application Number | PCT/US2008/075292 | ||||||||||||||||
PCT International Filing date | 2008-09-04 | ||||||||||||||||
PCT Conventions:
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