Title of Invention	METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR TESTING A PROTECTIVE DEVICE PROCESSING DIGITAL SAMPLING DATA
Abstract	The invention relates, among other things, to a method for testing a protective device that processes digital sampling data.The aim of the invention is to create a method which allows protective devices to be tested in a particularly simple fashion regarding the serviceability thereof. Said aim is achieved by loading a stored fault record (DU, DI) of at least one converter into a testing device (50), forming, by means of the data of said fault record, digital sampling values which correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter during the fault recording process, embedding the formed digital sampling values into digital network-compatible data packets (Dtest), transmitting said network-compatible data packets (Dtest) to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the protective device (60), and evaluating the reaction of the protective device to the transmitted digital sampling value.

Title of Invention

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR TESTING A PROTECTIVE DEVICE PROCESSING DIGITAL SAMPLING DATA

Abstract

The invention relates, among other things, to a method for testing a protective device that processes digital sampling data.The aim of the invention is to create a method which allows protective devices to be tested in a particularly simple fashion regarding the serviceability thereof. Said aim is achieved by loading a stored fault record (DU, DI) of at least one converter into a testing device (50), forming, by means of the data of said fault record, digital sampling values which correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter during the fault recording process, embedding the formed digital sampling values into digital network-compatible data packets (Dtest), transmitting said network-compatible data packets (Dtest) to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the protective device (60), and evaluating the reaction of the protective device to the transmitted digital sampling value.

Full Text	Description Method and arrangement for testing a protective device processing digital sampling data The invention relates to a method for testing a protective device which processes digital sampling data, in particular for testing a protective device for electrical installations such as energy transfer systems. A protective device for energy transfer systems is sold, for example, by Siemens AG under the product name SIPROTEC In the case of this protective device, the method of operation of the protective device can be changed from the outside using a network or data bus connection by reparameterizing the device. During operation of the previously known protective device, digital sampling data are fed into the protective device and are evaluated. If, during this evaluation, the protective device determines that the sampling data indicate a fault, a fault or alarm signal is generated. The invention is based on the object of specifying a method which can be used to test the functionality of protective devices, which process digital sampling data, in a particularly simple manner. According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention are specified in subclaims. According thereto, the invention provides for a stored fault value record of at least one converter - that is to say a current or voltage converter, for example - to be loaded into a testing device, for the data of the fault value record to be used to form digital samples which correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter while the fault values are being recorded, for the digital samples formed to be embedded in digital network-compatible data packets, for the network-compatible data packets to be transmitted to a network-compatible interface of the protective device, and for the response of the protective device to the transmitted digital samples to be evaluated. The term network is understood below as meaning all types of data connection, in particular external data connections (for example in the form of an external data bus, an external Ethernet network or the Internet) or internal data connections (internal data bus inside a device or a device arrangement, internal networks inside a device or a device arrangement). A fundamental advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the protective device can be tested using any desired fault value records; this is because, according to the invention, the protective device is not tested using converter signals which are actually physically generated "afresh" but rather using "preserved" signal profiles instead which have been formed at any desired earlier times by any desired electrical converters. Performance of the method according to the invention thus requires considerably less outlay on devices or hardware than a method in which "real" converter data are used; this is because the converter data are generated solely in terms of software using "old" stored fault value records which are taken from fault value libraries or the like and therefore do not have to be generated afresh. The method according to the invention therefore makes it possible to provide digital samples in a very simple manner for the purpose of systematic and automated protective testing, for example on the basis of the IEC 61850- 9-2 standard. Another fundamental advantage of the method according to the invention is that it can also be used to qualitatively compare digital converters, which output digital converter data, and analog converters, which output analog converter signals, by evaluating the response of the protective device to be tested to the network-compatible data packets, which have been fed in, on the basis of the source from which the data packets originally stem. During testing of the device, a fault value record of an analog converter is preferably processed using analog converter data and is used to form the network-compatible data packets. That is to say, if the fault value record of the converter is stored in Comtrade format, for example, the Comtrade-compatible signals are first of all converted into digital samples. Ethernet-compatible data packets are preferably formed as network-compatible data packets and are transmitted using an Ethernet-compatible network. For example, the Ethernet- compatible data packets are formed according to the IEC61850-9- 2 standard. According to one particularly preferred variant of the method, the stored fault value records of at least two converters whose converter data have been recorded in time-correlated fashion are loaded into the testing device. The converter data of the fault value records are used to form converter-related digital samples for each of the converters. The converter-related samples formed are embedded in sampling-time-related data packets which each relate to the same sampling time, and the response of the protective device to the sampling-time-related data packets transmitted is evaluated. The samplinc-time-related data packets are formed, for example, in a manner compatible with the real-time Ethernet standard, with the IEC 61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588 standard. In order tc test the protective device, at least one fault value record which describes a fault which should be detected by the protective device according to a stipulation can be loaded, for example, into the testing device. After the network-compatible data packets have been transmitted, a status signal which indicates that the protective device has correctly detected the fault or has wrongly not detected the fault is then preferably generated. In order to form the status signal, monitoring can be carried out, for example, in order to determine whether or not the protective device has generated a fault or alarm signal after the network-compatible data packets have been transmitted. A multiplicity of different or identical test sequences are preferably transmitted, test sequence by test sequence, to the protective device and are tested there as part of the operation of testing the device in order to be able to obtain a statement on the method of operation of the protective device which is as consolidated as possible. For the rest, in the case of a test sequence which describes a fault, the testing device can be used to measure the triggering or response time of the protective device. For example, the testing device can also be used to determine the "quality" of the protective device by evaluating the measured triggering or response times of the protective device and forming a measured quality value on the basis of the measured values. The triggering times can also be measured in the form of triggering characteristic curves on the basis of the voltage and/or current values which have been transmitted to the protective device as converter data. It is also considered to be particularly advantageous if the testing device is configured or controlled via the network using a separate operating device. This makes it possible, for example, to accommodate the testing device in a "merging unit" or in a plurality of "merging units" which can be synchronized using the testing device in such a manner that even complex system disturbances can be represented. It is known that the function of a "merging unit" is to process phase-conductor- related samples of analog instrument transformers and to use them to forrr. data messages which can be processed further by a protective device which processes digital sampling data. The invention also relates to an arrangement having a protective device and a testing device, which is connected to the protective device via a network, for testing the protective device. In this respect, the invention is based on the object of specifying an arrangement which can be used to test protective devices, which process digital sampling data, in a particularly simple manner. According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of an arrangement having the features of claim 15. Advantageous refinements of the arrangement according to the invention are specified in subclaims. As regards the advantages of the arrangement according to the invention and its advantageous refinements, reference is made to the statements made above in connection with the method according to the invention. In this context, it is only emphasized that a separate operating device which is connected to the testing device via the network and is suitable for controlling the sequence of the testing operation and/or configuring the testing device is considered to be very advantageous. A database, from which test sequences can be either directly transmitted to the testing device or can first of all be transmitted to the operating device and can be transmitted from there to the testing device, is also preferably connected to the network. For example, the operating device and/or the testing device is/are Internet-compatible and can communicate with the Internet in such a manner that a stored fault value record or test sequences can be loaded via the Internet, can be processed further by the testing device and can be used further to test the protective device. A field device for an electrical installation to be monitored, having an input for feeding in an analog or digital measurement signal which relates to the electrical installation to be monitored, and an evaluation device which is connected to the input and, in the event of the input-side measurement signal being applied, evaluates the latter and generates a fault signal if the measurement signal indicates a fault in the electrical installation to be monitored, is also considered to be an invention. Field devices may be formed, for example, by protective devices or power quality measuring devices. With regard to such a field device, the invention is based on the object of providing a simple but nevertheless reliable possible way of testing the field device. According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue of the fact that the field device has a device-internal testing device which is connected to the evaluation device and is suitable for generating a digital test signal itself or further processing an externally applied digital test signal, and for feeding the digital test signal into the evaluation device as a measurement signal after a test mode has been started in order to test the field device. A fundamental advantage of the field device according to the invention is that it makes it possible to test the device with very little outlay since a testing device for testing the field device has already been integrated in the latter according to the invention. There is therefore no need to first of all procure a separate testing device, which would give rise to additional costs, and to connect it to the field device before it is possible to test the field device. Another fundamental advantage of the field device according to the invention can be seen in the fact that: it uses digital test signals directly for testing. This makes it possible to test the digital testing algorithms implemented in the evaluation device without converter errors, which could arise when converting an analog test signal into a digital test signal, falsifying the test result. The method of operation of the evaluation device alone can therefore be tested without having to take into account the influence of a converter. It is considered to be particularly advantageous if the field device has a trigger input which is connected to the device- internal testing device, the testing device being configured in such a manner that it starts the test mode for testing the field device when a trigger signal is applied to the trigger input. This is because such a trigger input makes it possible to test an arrangement having a plurality of field devices in a synchronized manner by starting a temporally matched testing sequence for the entire arrangement by applying suitable trigger signals. As regards the use of stored or preserved fault value records which are stored, for example, in a database, it is considered to be advantageous if the device-internal testing device is suitable for loading an external fault value record and using the latter to form the digital test signal or for directly using the loaded fault value record further as a digital test signal. For example, the testing device is configured in such a manner that it uses the data of the external fault value record to form digital samples which correspond to converter data of at least one converter, which have been recorded while recording the fault values, and uses said samples to test the field device. The testing device is preferably also suitable for processing a fault value record of an analog converter using analog converter data and for using the latter to form the digital test signal. The testing device is preferably also suitable for further processing an external fault value record in Comtrade format. It is considered to be advantageous if the field device can carry out a test mode in network-compatible form; for this purpose, the testing device is preferably configured in such a manner that it embeds the digital test signal in digital network-compatible data packets, and transmits the network- compatible data packets to a device-internal network-compatible interface of the evaluation device via a device-internal network. The device-internal network can be formed, for example, by an Ethernet-compatible network or by a data bus according to the SPI or CAN standard. However, other network cards or types of data bus may also be suitable depending on the application. As regards temporally matched triggering of a plurality of field devices, it is considered to be advantageous if the device-internal testing device of the field devices can further process a time signal, which is applied to the trigger input, as a trigger signal by starting the respective test mode at a time defined by the time signal. Time signals thus allow, for example, the individual field devices to be started in a targeted manner in succession or in cascaded fashion rather than simultaneously. The field device preferably has a communication interface, in particular a network connection, the trigger input preferably being formed by this communication interface. If the evaluation device has a plurality of digital signal inputs, it is considered to be advantageous if a configuration file can be loaded into the testing device, said file stipulating that digital signal input of the evaluation device to which the digital test signal should be applied by the testing device. The testing device is preferably configured in such a manner that it can simultaneously apply a plurality of digital test signals to the evaluation device, the configuration file being able to be used to stipulate how the test signals should be assigned to the signal inputs of the evaluation device. As regards test results which are as reliable as possible, it is considered to be advantageous if the testing device is configured in such a manner that it feeds a digital test signal into the evaluation device repeatedly, in particular periodically repeatedly, in order to test the field device. Different scaling factors may be used, for example, in the event of the digital test signal being repeatedly fed in. For the purpose of logging the tests, it is considered to be advantageous if the testing device is configured in such a manner that it stores the test signal applied to the evaluation device and the corresponding response of the field device to said signal in the form of a fault recording while carrying out the test mode. The field device preferably has a fault signal output which can be disconnected and is intended to externally output the fault signal, the testing device being configured in such a manner that it disconnects or deactivates the fault signal output in the case of the test mode. Disconnecting or deactivating the fault signal output makes it possible to prevent an electrical installation, which is connected to the field device, or parts of said installation being inadvertently influenced by the field device during a test. If an external communication interface, for example an external network connection, forms the fault signal output of the field device, the evaluation device can generate, for example, a coded fault signal, which indicates the performance of a test, at the fault signal output in the case of the test mode. The invention also relates to a method for testing a field device arrangement having at least two field devices. In this respect, the invention is based on the object of specifying a test method which makes it possible to simulate even complex fault situations in electrical installations for test purposes. According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue of the fact that the field devices of the field device arrangement are tested in synchronized fashion. A fundamental advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that it can be used to simulate even very complex fault situations, as can arise in complex electrical installations, in the form of "test patterns" for testing the field devices. For example, different temporal sequences are individually controlled or triggered inside the connected field devices. An output signal (for example fault signal, trigger signal, test results, intermediate results during the test, other evaluation signals) from another field device is preferably fed into at least one of the field devices in order to simulate and test intercorrelations between field devices. Such feeding in of output signals from other field devices may be expedient, for example, for testing a differential protective arrangement. For example, the field devices may use the output signal from other field devices further as a digital test signal or may use it to form their digital test signal. It is also possible for the field devices to use the output signal from other field devices further as a trigger signal or to use it to form their own trigger signal. The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments in which, by way of example: figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention having a protective device, a testing device and a separate operating device; the arrangement is also used by way of example to explain the method according to the invention; figures 2 and 3 show, by way of example, fault value records which are intended to be used to test the protective device according to figure 1; figure 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a field device according to the invention; and figure 5 shows an arrangement having a plurality of field devices according to figure 4, which is used by way of example to explain an exemplary embodiment of a test method according to the invention. Figure 1 shows an Ethernet network or an Ethernet data bus 10 which is compatible with the IEC61850-9-2 standard, with the real-time Ethernet standard, with the IEC 61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588 standard and can be operated according to these standards. The network connection A20 of a merging unit 20 is connected to the Ethernet network 10. Analog voltage and current converters which are connected to an energy transfer system (not shown in any further detail in figure 1) and record analog current and voltage measured values U and I of the energy transfer system and transmit them to the merging unit 20 are connected to the merging unit 20. For the sake of clarity, the analog voltage and current converters are shown only diagrammatically in figure 1 and are denoted using the reference symbols 30 and 40. The voltage and current converters 30 and 40 are connected to the merging unit 20 by means of analog 1/5 A or 100 V interfaces E20a and E20b, for example. As can also be gathered from figure 1, a testing device 50 which is connected to a control device (for example microprocessor device) 20' of the merging unit 20 or is integrated therein is integrated in the merging unit 20; the method of operation of the testing device 50 is explained further below. A protective device 60, a database 70 and an operating device 80 for operating, controlling and configuring the testing device 50 of the merging unit 20 are also connected to the Ethernet network 10. The arrangement according to figure 1 is operated as follows: Before the protective device 60 is used to monitor the energy transfer system, the testing device 50 is used to check the correct method of operation of the protective device 60. For fault value records stored in Comtrade format are read from the database 70 using the operating device 80 and are transmitted to the testing device 50. Figures 2 and 3 show, by way of example and only diagrammatically, fault value records in the form of analog voltage and current profiles U(t) and I(t) within a fault value recording interval At. A fault value record U(t) and I(t) thus comprises a multiplicity of individual measured values at different times t within the respective fault value recording interval At. The testing device 50 receives the fault value records as data packets DU and DI and converts them into digital samples which correspond to the converter signals recorded by the fault value recording converters during the respective fault value recording process. The testing device 50 then embeds the samples formed in this manner from the fault value records in digital network- compatible test data packets Dtest according to the IEC61850-9- 2 standard and transmits them, via its network connection A20, to a network-compatible interface D60 of the protective device 60. In this case, the test data packets Dtest are preferably transmitted in such a manner that the protective device 60 does not need to distinguish them from other data packets of the merging unit 20 which are formed during subsequent "normal operation" of the merging unit 20 using the analog current and voltage measured values U and I of the analog voltage and current converters 30 and 40. The operating device 80 is preferably used to transmit fault value records, which indicate faults which should be detected by the protective device 60, to the testing device. In this case, the operating device 80 monitors whether the protective device 60 detects the respective faults and generates corresponding fault signals F. If this is the case, the protective device 60 is operating correctly and can be used to monitor the energy transfer system and to evaluate the analog current and voltage measured values U and I of the voltage and current converters 30 and 40; in contrast, if the protective device 60 is not operating correctly, suitable maintenance or replacement work should be carried out. In addition, it is possible to quantitatively detect the quality of the protective device 60 by measuring and evaluating the response or triggering times of the protective device 60 on the basis of the current and/or voltage values of the fault value records that have been fed in. For example, in order to assess the quality, the triggering times may be recorded in the form of triggering characteristic curves on the basis of the voltage and/or current values which have been fed in. As regards testing of the protective device 60 which is as comprehensive as possible, a multiplicity of fault value records may, for the rest, be fed into the protective device 60 in the form of repetitively transmitted test sequences and the response of the protective device may be recorded as described. In the exemplary embodiment according to figure 1, the testing device 50 is accommodated in the merging unit 20, for example. Alternatively, the testing device 50 may also be integrated in the operating device 80, which is formed, for example, by a data processing system, for example a personal computer or the like, or in the protective device 60. Instead of this, it is also possible to directly connect the testing device 50 to the Ethernet network 10 as an independent device; the testing device 50 may be formed, for example, by an appropriately programmed data processing system such as a personal computer or the like. A corresponding situation applies to the operating device 80: in the exemplary embodiment according to figure 1, the operating device 80, which is formed, for example, by an appropriately programmed data processing system such as a personal computer or the like, is directly connected to the Ethernet network 10 as an independent device. Alternatively, the operating device 80 may also be integrated in the merging unit 20 or in the protective device 60. For the rest, the operating device 80 and the database 70 need not be directly connected to the Ethernet network 10; instead of this, these components may also be connected to the Ethernet network 10, and to the devices connected to the latter, via the Internet. In other words, it is thus conceivable to download test sequences for testing the protective device 60 from databases which are connected to the Internet and to use them for testing. Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a field device according to the invention. The field device is a protective device which is denoted using the reference symbol 200 in figure 4. The protective device 200 has a multiplicity of analog inputs for feeding in analog measurement signals; three of these inputs are illustrated by way of example in figure 4 and are denoted using the reference symbols E200a, E200b and E200c. Each of these analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c is respectively connected to digital signal inputs S220 of a digitally operating evaluation device 220, that is to say an evaluation device which processes digital input signals, via an A/D converter unit 210. When the analog measurement signals are applied to the analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c, the evaluation device 220 evaluates them following analog/digital conversion and generates a fault signal F if the applied digital measurement signals indicate a fault in an electrical installation which is connected to the analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c and is not illustrated in figure 4 for the sake of clarity. In order to output the fault signal F, the evaluation device 220 is connected to an external communication interface 230 which forms, inter alia, a fault signal output of the protective device 200. In addition, the external communication interface 230 forms an input for feeding digital measurement signals into the evaluation device 220. For this purpose, the external communication interface 230 is connected to the digital signal inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220, to be precise via a device-internal connecting device 240. The device-internal connecting device 240 may be, for example, an internal data bus (for example SPI or CAN standard) or an internal network (for example Ethernet) or the like. The external communication interface 230 thus makes it possible to feed digital measurement signals, which may likewise relate to an electrical installation which is connected to the protective device 200, for example to the same electrical installation which has been or is connected to the analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c, into the evaluation device 220. The protective device 200 thus makes it possible to evaluate both analog and digital measurement signals. In order to make it possible to test the protective device 200 in a simple manner, it additionally has a device-internal testing device 250 which is connected to both the evaluation device 220 and the external communication interface 230 via the device-internal connecting device 240 and enables a test mode of the protective device. During the test mode, the device-internal testing device 250 is able to feed digital test signals Te into the evaluation device 220 via the device-internal connecting device 240; it uses the digital signal inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220 for this purpose. As part of the test mode, the evaluation device 220 evaluates the test signals Te applied to the input side, to be precise exactly like the digital measurement signals applied during normal operation or measurement signals of the connected electrical installation which have been subjected to analog/digital conversion, and generates a fault signal F at the external communication interface 230 if the digital test signals indicate a fault. In order to be able to influence the protective device 200 from the outside in such a manner that the test mode is triggered at quite particular times, the protective device 200 has a trigger input which is likewise formed by the external communication interface 230. It is thus possible to feed a trigger signal Tr into the protective device 200 and thus into the testing device 250 from the outside and to trigger the test mode of the protective device. When the trigger signal Tr is present at a connection A250 of the testing device 250, the latter generates the digital test signals Te which are used to test the evaluation device 220. The digital test signals Te may be predefined or set in advance from the outside. It is thus possible, for example, to transmit specific digital test signals Te to the testing device 250 from the outside via the external communication interface 230 and to store them in said testing device so that the testing device 250 can feed the digital test signals Te into the evaluation device 220 as digital measurement signals at a later time. The digital test signals Te may have been formed, for example, by simulating or evaluating fault value records which have been recorded in real electrical installations. Alternatively, it is possible to directly transmit digital or analog fault value records to the testing device 250 via the communication interface 230 so that the testing device 250 can use them to generate the digital test signals Te themselves. It is also possible to transmit control signals ST, which trigger particular test patterns which have been preinstalled in the testing device 250, to the testing device 250 via the external communication interface 230. In such a case, the control signal ST thus stipulates which test signals Te should be transmitted to the evaluation device 220. As part of such control signal transmission, scaling factors or the like may also be concomitantly transmitted, for example, which scaling factors indicate the manner in which the test patterns which have been preinstalled in the testing device 250 should be rescaled in order to obtain the desired digital test signals Te. If fault value records are transmitted to the testing device 250 via the communication interface 230, this is preferably carried out in the so-called Comtrade format (Common Format for Transient Data - IEEE C37.111 - 1999). In order to stipulate which internal digital signal inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220 should process the digital test signals Te further, a configuration file may also be transmitted to the testing device 250 via the communication interface 230, which file stipulates how the digital test signals Te should be assigned to the individual signal inputs of the evaluation device 220. In this manner, it is possible, for example, to address and test each of the digital signal inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220 separately in order to ensure that each individual signal input of the digital signal inputs S220 is operating correctly. In order to avoid a fault signal F, which is generated during a test mode or test cycle using the protective device 200, resulting in triggering of a safety response, for example disconnection of an electrical installation which is connected to the protective device 200, the protective device 200 is configured in such a manner that, during a test mode, an indication is additionally given when outputting the fault signal F via the external communication interface 230 that it is a fault signal generated as part of a test mode. Alternatively, during the test mode, the fault signal output formed by the communication interface 230 may also be disconnected in terms of hardware in order to suppress undesirable output of the fault signal F. The evaluation device 220 is preferably configured in such a manner that it stores the analog or digital measurement signals applied to the input side as well as the fault signals generated on the basis of these measurement signals in the form of fault recordings (for example in Comtrade format) in order to subsequently make it possible to read out and further process these data. The communication interface 230, for example, may be used for this purpose. The evaluation device 220 preferably generates such fault recordings both for the normal operating mode, in which a real electrical installation is monitored metrologically and "real" fault signals are generated, and for the test mode in which the digital test signals Te of the testing device 250 are processed for test purposes and test fault signals are generated. In the exemplary embodiment according to figure 4, it was assumed, for example, that the testing device 250 and the evaluation device 220 are separate subcomponents; alternatively, the testing device 250 and evaluation device 220 may also be formed by a single control device (for example a microprocessor arrangement) in which the testing device 250 and the evaluation device 220 are implemented in terms of software in the form of software modules. In this case, the testing device 250 and the evaluation device 220 may be formed by installing an appropriate computer program product in the microprocessor arrangement. Figure 5 illustrates a field device arrangement having two field devices which can be used to simulate even complex system disturbances and can thus be used for test purposes. Figure 5 shows an electrical installation 300 to which two protective devices 310 and 320 are connected. The design, for example, of the two protective devices 310 and 320 may correspond to that of the protective device 200 according to figure 4. The analog inputs E310a, E310b and E310c and E320a, E320b and E320c, which correspond to the inputs E200a, E200b and E200c according to figure 4, of the two protective devices 310 and 320 are respectively connected to the electrical installation 300 in such a manner that analog measurement signals Mai to Ma6 are fed into the two protective devices 310 and 320. These signals are converted into digital measurement signals by A/D converter units contained in the protective devices and are then evaluated by an evaluation device of the respective protective device. In this respect, reference is made to the statements made above in connection with figure 4. Figure 5 also shows a device-external network 330 which connects communication interfaces K310 and K320 of the two protective devices 310 and 320, which respectively correspond to the communication interface 230 according to figure 4, to one another. An external operating device 340 which can be used to control the two protective devices 310 and 320 from the outside is also connected to the device-external network 330. The operating device 340 thus allows a trigger signal Tr1 to be fed into the protective device 310 and a further trigger signal Tr2 to be fed into the protective device 320. The two trigger signals Tr1 and Tr2 may be fed into the two protective devices at the same time if the latter are intended to be switched into a test mode at the same time. Alternatively, it is possible to generate the two trigger signals Trl and Tr2 with a temporal offset in order to change the two protective devices to their test mode at different times but nevertheless in synchronized fashion. In addition, the operating device 340 allows the digital test signals Tel and Te2 which are to be used for the test mode to be transmitted to the respective protective devices 310 and 320 via the device-external network 330. Instead of the digital test signals Tel and Te2 which are intended to be used for the test mode, files, for example in the form of fault value records in Comtrade format, may also be transmitted to the protective devices and are used by the protective devices to form the definitive test signals Tel and Te2 themselves. In such a case, the trigger signals Trl and Tr2 are preferably generated only when the test signals Tel and Te2 to be used for the test mode have already been fully implemented in the protective devices 310 and 320 via the network 330 and have been prepared therein. As soon as the trigger signals Trl and Tr2 have triggered the test mode in their respective associated protective device 310 and 320, the device-internal testing devices contained in the two protective devices 310 and 320 respectively generate the digital test signals Tel and Te2 previously defined using the operating device 340 and feed them into the respective associated evaluation device. As regards the interaction between the testing device and the evaluation device in each of the two protective devices 310 and 320, reference is made to the statements made above in connection with the protective device 200 according to figure 4. In addition to solely external triggering of the two protective devices 310 and 320 using the operating device 340, it is also possible to operate the two protective devices in such a manner that they communicate with one another. It is thus possible, for example, for one of the two protective devices (for example the protective device 310) to trigger another protective device (for example the protective device 320) via the device-external network 320.. The time for such triggering by the protective device may be dependent, for example, on whether and when trigger states (for example ascertainment of a fault, exceeding of predefined measured value limits, etc.) predefined in the triggering protective device are determined. It is also possible for one of the two protective devices (for example the protective device 310) to feed measurement signals, evaluation signals generated by itself or externally predefined evaluation signals, intermediate signals generated by itself or the like into the other protective device (for example the protective device 320) via the device-external network 320, with the result that the other protective device can use the received signals further as test signals Te2 or can use them to form its own test signals Te2. In this case, the protective devices would "cooperate" and would be tested as a unit, as a result of which even very complex fault situations can be simulated and used for test purposes. Patent claims 1. A method for testing a protective device (60) which processes digital sampling data, characterized in that a stored fault value record (DU, DI) of at least one converter is loaded into a testing device (50), the data of the fault value record are used to form digital samples which correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter while the fault values are being recorded, the digital samples formed are embedded in digital network-compatible data packets (Dtest), the network-compatible data packets (Dtest) are transmitted to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the protective device (60), and the response of the protective device to the transmitted digital samples is evaluated. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a fault value record of an analog converter is processed using analog converter data and is used to form the network- compatible data packets (Dtest). 3. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fault value record of the converter is stored in Comtrade format and is accordingly processed further. 4. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Ethernet-compatible data packets are formed as network-compatible data packets (Dtest) and are transmitted using an Ethernet-compatible network (10). 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the Ethernet-compatible data packets are formed according to the IEC61850-9-2 standard and are transmitted using the Ethernet-compatible network. 6. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stored fault value records of at least two converters whose converter data have been recorded in time-correlated fashion are loaded into the testing device (50), the converter data of the fault value records are used to form converter-related digital samples for each of the converters, the converter-related samples formed are embedded in sampling-time-related data packets which each relate to the same sampling time, and the response of the protective device to the sampling- time-related data packets transmitted is evaluated. 7. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sampling-time-related data packets are formed in a manner compatible with the real-time Ethernet standard, with the IEC 61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588 standard. 8. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to test the protective device (60), at least one fault value record which describes a fault which should be detected by the protective device according to a stipulation is loaded into the testing device (50), and in that, after the network-compatible data packets have been transmitted, a status signal which indicates that the protective device has correctly detected the fault or has wrongly not detected the fault is generated. 9. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, in order to form the status signal, monitoring is carried out in order to determine whether the protective device (60) generates a fault or alarm signal (F) after the network-compatible data packets (Dtest) have been transmitted. 10. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a multiplicity of different or identical test sequences are transmitted, test sequence by test sequence, to the protective device and are tested there as part of the operation of testing the device. 11. The method as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, in the case of a test sequence which describes a fault, the testing device is used to measure the triggering or response time of the protective device. 12. The method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the testing device is used to determine the quality of the protective device (60) by evaluating the measured triggering or response times of the protective device and forming a quality value on the basis of the measured values. 13. The method as claimed in either of the preceding claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the triggering or response times are measured in the form of triggering characteristic curves on the basis of the voltage and/or current values which have been transmitted to the protective device as converter data. 14. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the testing device (50) is configured or controlled via the network (10) using an operating device (80). 15. An arrangement having a protective device (60) and a testing device (50), which is connected to the protective device via a network (10), for testing the protective device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14. 16. The arrangement as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that there is an operating device (80) which is connected to the testing device (50) via the network (10) and is suitable for controlling the sequence of the testing operation and/or configuring the testing device. 17. The arrangement as claimed in either of the preceding claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the testing device is part of a merging unit (20). 18. The arrangement as claimed in one of the preceding claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a database (70), from which test sequences are either directly transmitted to the testing device or are first of all transmitted to the operating device and are transmitted from there to the testing device, is connected to the network. 19. The arrangement as claimed in one of the preceding claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the operating device (80) and/or the testing device (50) is/are Internet-compatible and can communicate with the Internet in such a manner that a stored fault value record or test sequences is/are loaded via the Internet, is/are processed further by the testing device and can be used further to test the protective device. 20. A field device (200, 310, 320), in particular a protective device, for an electrical installation (300) to be monitored, having an input (E200a, E200b, E200c) for feeding in an analog or digital measurement signal (Ma1, Ma2, Ma3, Ma4, Ma5, Ma6) which relates to the electrical installation to be monitored, and an evaluation device (220) which is connected to the input and, in the event of the input-side measurement signal being applied, evaluates the latter and generates a fault signal (F) if the measurement signal indicates a fault in the electrical installation to be monitored, characterized in that the field device has a device-internal testing device (250) which is connected to the evaluation device and is suitable for generating a digital test signal (Te) itself or further processing an externally applied digital test signal, and for feeding the digital test signal into the evaluation device as a measurement signal after a test mode has been started in order to test the field device. 21. The field device as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that the field device has a trigger input (230) which is connected to the device-internal testing device (250), - the testing device being configured in such a manner that it starts the test mode for testing the field device when a trigger signal is applied to the trigger input. 22. The field device as claimed in claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the device-internal testing device (250) is suitable for loading an external fault value record and using the latter to form the digital test signal or for directly using the loaded fault value record further as a digital test signal. 23. The field device as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it uses the data of the external fault value record to form digital samples which correspond to converter data of at least one converter, which have been recorded while recording the fault values, and uses said samples to test the field device. 24. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 22-23, characterized in that the testing device is suitable for processing a fault value record of an analog converter using analog converter data and for using the latter to form the digital test signal. 25. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 22-24, characterized in that the testing device is suitable for further processing an external fault value record in Comtrade format. 26. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-25, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it embeds the digital test signal in digital network- compatible data packets, and transmits the network-compatible data packets to a device- internal network-compatible interface of the evaluation device via a device-internal network (240). 27. The field device as claimed in claim 26, characterized in that the device-internal network (240) is formed by an Ethernet-compatible network or by a data bus according to the SPI or CAN standard. 28. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 21-27, characterized in that the device-internal testing device (50) is configured in such a manner that it further processes a time signal, which is applied to the trigger input, as a trigger signal by starting the test mode at a time defined by the time signal. 29. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 21-28, characterized in that the field device has a communication interface (230), in particular a network connection, and the trigger input is formed by the communication interface, in particular the network connection. 30. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-29, characterized in that the evaluation device has a plurality of digital signal inputs (S200), and in that a configuration file can be loaded into the testing device, said file stipulating that digital signal input of the evaluation device to which the digital test signal should be applied by the testing device. 31. The field device as claimed in claim 30, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it can simultaneously apply a plurality of digital test signals to the evaluation device, the configuration file being able to be used to stipulate how the test signals should be assigned to the signal inputs of the evaluation device. 32. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-31, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it feeds a digital test signal into the evaluation device repeatedly, in particular periodically repeatedly, in order to test the field device. 33. The field device as claimed in claim 32, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it uses different scaling factors in the event of the digital test signal being repeatedly fed in. 34. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-33, characterized in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it stores the test signal applied to the evaluation device and the corresponding response of the field device to said signal in the form of a fault recording while carrying out the test mode. 35. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-34, characterized in that the field device has a fault signal output which can be disconnected and is intended to externally output the fault signal, and in that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it disconnects or deactivates the fault signal output in the case of the test mode. 36. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims 20-35, characterized in that a communication interface (230) of the field device forms a fault signal output for externally outputting the fault signal, and - in that the evaluation device is configured in such a manner that it generates a coded fault signal, which indicates the performance of a test, at the external communication interface (230) in the case of the test mode. 37. A method for testing a field device arrangement having at least two field devices (310, 320) as claimed in one of the preceding claims 21 to 36, characterized in that the field devices of the field device arrangement are tested in synchronized fashion. 38. The method as claimed in claim 37, characterized in that a trigger signal (Tr1, Tr2) is respectively applied to each of the field devices in such a manner that the field devices carry out their respective test mode in time-correlated fashion with respect to one another. 39. The method as claimed in claim 37 or 38, characterized in that an output signal from another field device is fed into at least one of the field devices. 40. The method as claimed in claim 39, characterized in that the at least one field advice uses the output signal from the other field device further as a digital test signal or uses it to form its digital test signal. 41. The method as claimed in claim 39 or 40, characterized in that the at least one field device uses the output signal from the other field device further as a trigger signal or uses it to form its trigger signal. The invention relates, among other things, to a method for testing a protective device that processes digital sampling data.The aim of the invention is to create a method which allows protective devices to be tested in a particularly simple fashion regarding the serviceability thereof. Said aim is achieved by loading a stored fault record (DU, DI) of at least one converter into a testing device (50), forming, by means of the data of said fault record, digital sampling values which correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter during the fault recording process, embedding the formed digital sampling values into digital network-compatible data packets (Dtest), transmitting said network-compatible data packets (Dtest) to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the protective device (60), and evaluating the reaction of the protective device to the transmitted digital sampling value.

Full Text

Description
Method and arrangement for testing a protective device
processing digital sampling data
The invention relates to a method for testing a protective
device which processes digital sampling data, in particular for
testing a protective device for electrical installations such
as energy transfer systems.
A protective device for energy transfer systems is sold, for
example, by Siemens AG under the product name SIPROTEC In the
case of this protective device, the method of operation of the
protective device can be changed from the outside using a
network or data bus connection by reparameterizing the device.
During operation of the previously known protective device,
digital sampling data are fed into the protective device and
are evaluated. If, during this evaluation, the protective
device determines that the sampling data indicate a fault, a
fault or alarm signal is generated.
The invention is based on the object of specifying a method
which can be used to test the functionality of protective
devices, which process digital sampling data, in a particularly
simple manner.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of
the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous
refinements of the method according to the invention are
specified in subclaims.
According thereto, the invention provides for a stored fault
value record of at least one converter - that is to say a
current or voltage converter, for example - to be loaded into a
testing device, for the data of the fault value record to be
used to form digital samples which

correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter
while the fault values are being recorded, for the digital
samples formed to be embedded in digital network-compatible
data packets, for the network-compatible data packets to be
transmitted to a network-compatible interface of the protective
device, and for the response of the protective device to the
transmitted digital samples to be evaluated.
The term network is understood below as meaning all types of
data connection, in particular external data connections (for
example in the form of an external data bus, an external
Ethernet network or the Internet) or internal data connections
(internal data bus inside a device or a device arrangement,
internal networks inside a device or a device arrangement).
A fundamental advantage of the method according to the
invention can be seen in the fact that the protective device
can be tested using any desired fault value records; this is
because, according to the invention, the protective device is
not tested using converter signals which are actually
physically generated "afresh" but rather using "preserved"
signal profiles instead which have been formed at any desired
earlier times by any desired electrical converters. Performance
of the method according to the invention thus requires
considerably less outlay on devices or hardware than a method
in which "real" converter data are used; this is because the
converter data are generated solely in terms of software using
"old" stored fault value records which are taken from fault
value libraries or the like and therefore do not have to be
generated afresh. The method according to the invention
therefore makes it possible to provide digital samples in a
very simple manner for the purpose of systematic and automated
protective testing, for example on the basis of the IEC 61850-
9-2 standard.

Another fundamental advantage of the method according to the
invention is that it can also be used to qualitatively compare
digital converters, which output digital converter data, and
analog converters, which output analog converter signals, by
evaluating the response of the protective device to be tested
to the network-compatible data packets, which have been fed in,
on the basis of the source from which the data packets
originally stem.
During testing of the device, a fault value record of an analog
converter is preferably processed using analog converter data
and is used to form the network-compatible data packets. That
is to say, if the fault value record of the converter is stored
in Comtrade format, for example, the Comtrade-compatible
signals are first of all converted into digital samples.
Ethernet-compatible data packets are preferably formed as
network-compatible data packets and are transmitted using an
Ethernet-compatible network. For example, the Ethernet-
compatible data packets are formed according to the IEC61850-9-
2 standard.
According to one particularly preferred variant of the method,
the stored fault value records of at least two converters whose
converter data have been recorded in time-correlated fashion
are loaded into the testing device. The converter data of the
fault value records are used to form converter-related digital
samples for each of the converters. The converter-related
samples formed are embedded in sampling-time-related data
packets which each relate to the same sampling time, and the
response of the protective device to the sampling-time-related
data packets transmitted is evaluated.

The samplinc-time-related data packets are formed, for example,
in a manner compatible with the real-time Ethernet standard,
with the IEC 61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588 standard.
In order tc test the protective device, at least one fault
value record which describes a fault which should be detected
by the protective device according to a stipulation can be
loaded, for example, into the testing device. After the
network-compatible data packets have been transmitted, a status
signal which indicates that the protective device has correctly
detected the fault or has wrongly not detected the fault is
then preferably generated. In order to form the status signal,
monitoring can be carried out, for example, in order to
determine whether or not the protective device has generated a
fault or alarm signal after the network-compatible data packets
have been transmitted.
A multiplicity of different or identical test sequences are
preferably transmitted, test sequence by test sequence, to the
protective device and are tested there as part of the operation
of testing the device in order to be able to obtain a statement
on the method of operation of the protective device which is as
consolidated as possible.
For the rest, in the case of a test sequence which describes a
fault, the testing device can be used to measure the triggering
or response time of the protective device. For example, the
testing device can also be used to determine the "quality" of
the protective device by evaluating the measured triggering or
response times of the protective device and forming a measured
quality value on the basis of the measured values.
The triggering times can also be measured in the form of
triggering characteristic curves on the basis of the voltage

and/or current values which have been transmitted to the
protective device as converter data.
It is also considered to be particularly advantageous if

the testing device is configured or controlled via the network
using a separate operating device. This makes it possible, for
example, to accommodate the testing device in a "merging unit"
or in a plurality of "merging units" which can be synchronized
using the testing device in such a manner that even complex
system disturbances can be represented. It is known that the
function of a "merging unit" is to process phase-conductor-
related samples of analog instrument transformers and to use
them to forrr. data messages which can be processed further by a
protective device which processes digital sampling data.
The invention also relates to an arrangement having a
protective device and a testing device, which is connected to
the protective device via a network, for testing the protective
device.
In this respect, the invention is based on the object of
specifying an arrangement which can be used to test protective
devices, which process digital sampling data, in a particularly
simple manner.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of
an arrangement having the features of claim 15. Advantageous
refinements of the arrangement according to the invention are
specified in subclaims. As regards the advantages of the
arrangement according to the invention and its advantageous
refinements, reference is made to the statements made above in
connection with the method according to the invention.
In this context, it is only emphasized that a separate
operating device which is connected to the testing device via
the network and is suitable for controlling the sequence of the
testing operation and/or configuring the testing device is
considered to be very advantageous.

A database, from which test sequences can be either directly
transmitted to the testing device

or can first of all be transmitted to the operating device and
can be transmitted from there to the testing device, is also
preferably connected to the network.
For example, the operating device and/or the testing device
is/are Internet-compatible and can communicate with the
Internet in such a manner that a stored fault value record or
test sequences can be loaded via the Internet, can be processed
further by the testing device and can be used further to test
the protective device.
A field device for an electrical installation to be monitored,
having an input for feeding in an analog or digital measurement
signal which relates to the electrical installation to be
monitored, and an evaluation device which is connected to the
input and, in the event of the input-side measurement signal
being applied, evaluates the latter and generates a fault
signal if the measurement signal indicates a fault in the
electrical installation to be monitored, is also considered to
be an invention. Field devices may be formed, for example, by
protective devices or power quality measuring devices.
With regard to such a field device, the invention is based on
the object of providing a simple but nevertheless reliable
possible way of testing the field device.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue
of the fact that the field device has a device-internal testing
device which is connected to the evaluation device and is
suitable for generating a digital test signal itself or further
processing an externally applied digital test signal, and for
feeding the digital test signal into the evaluation device as a
measurement signal after a test mode has been started in order
to test the field device.

A fundamental advantage of the field device according to the
invention is that it makes it possible to test the device

with very little outlay since a testing device for testing the
field device has already been integrated in the latter
according to the invention. There is therefore no need to first
of all procure a separate testing device, which would give rise
to additional costs, and to connect it to the field device
before it is possible to test the field device.
Another fundamental advantage of the field device according to
the invention can be seen in the fact that: it uses digital test
signals directly for testing. This makes it possible to test
the digital testing algorithms implemented in the evaluation
device without converter errors, which could arise when
converting an analog test signal into a digital test signal,
falsifying the test result. The method of operation of the
evaluation device alone can therefore be tested without having
to take into account the influence of a converter.
It is considered to be particularly advantageous if the field
device has a trigger input which is connected to the device-
internal testing device, the testing device being configured in
such a manner that it starts the test mode for testing the
field device when a trigger signal is applied to the trigger
input. This is because such a trigger input makes it possible
to test an arrangement having a plurality of field devices in a
synchronized manner by starting a temporally matched testing
sequence for the entire arrangement by applying suitable
trigger signals.
As regards the use of stored or preserved fault value records
which are stored, for example, in a database, it is considered
to be advantageous if the device-internal testing device is
suitable for loading an external fault value record and using
the latter to form the digital test signal or for directly
using the loaded fault value record further as a digital test
signal.

For example, the testing device is configured in such a manner
that it uses the data of the external fault value record to
form digital samples which correspond to converter data of at
least one converter, which have been recorded while recording
the fault values, and uses said samples to test the field
device.
The testing device is preferably also suitable for processing a
fault value record of an analog converter using analog
converter data and for using the latter to form the digital
test signal. The testing device is preferably also suitable for
further processing an external fault value record in Comtrade
format.
It is considered to be advantageous if the field device can
carry out a test mode in network-compatible form; for this
purpose, the testing device is preferably configured in such a
manner that it embeds the digital test signal in digital
network-compatible data packets, and transmits the network-
compatible data packets to a device-internal network-compatible
interface of the evaluation device via a device-internal
network.
The device-internal network can be formed, for example, by an
Ethernet-compatible network or by a data bus according to the
SPI or CAN standard. However, other network cards or types of
data bus may also be suitable depending on the application.
As regards temporally matched triggering of a plurality of
field devices, it is considered to be advantageous if the
device-internal testing device of the field devices can further
process a time signal, which is applied to the trigger input,
as a trigger signal by starting the respective test mode at a
time defined by the time signal. Time signals thus allow, for
example, the individual field devices to be started in a

targeted manner in succession or in cascaded fashion rather
than simultaneously.

The field device preferably has a communication interface, in
particular a network connection, the trigger input preferably
being formed by this communication interface.
If the evaluation device has a plurality of digital signal
inputs, it is considered to be advantageous if a configuration
file can be loaded into the testing device, said file
stipulating that digital signal input of the evaluation device
to which the digital test signal should be applied by the
testing device. The testing device is preferably configured in
such a manner that it can simultaneously apply a plurality of
digital test signals to the evaluation device, the
configuration file being able to be used to stipulate how the
test signals should be assigned to the signal inputs of the
evaluation device.
As regards test results which are as reliable as possible, it
is considered to be advantageous if the testing device is
configured in such a manner that it feeds a digital test signal
into the evaluation device repeatedly, in particular
periodically repeatedly, in order to test the field device.
Different scaling factors may be used, for example, in the
event of the digital test signal being repeatedly fed in.
For the purpose of logging the tests, it is considered to be
advantageous if the testing device is configured in such a
manner that it stores the test signal applied to the evaluation
device and the corresponding response of the field device to
said signal in the form of a fault recording while carrying out
the test mode.
The field device preferably has a fault signal output which can
be disconnected and is intended to externally output the fault
signal, the testing device being configured in such a manner
that

it disconnects or deactivates the fault signal output in the
case of the test mode. Disconnecting or deactivating the fault
signal output makes it possible to prevent an electrical
installation, which is connected to the field device, or parts
of said installation being inadvertently influenced by the
field device during a test.
If an external communication interface, for example an external
network connection, forms the fault signal output of the field
device, the evaluation device can generate, for example, a
coded fault signal, which indicates the performance of a test,
at the fault signal output in the case of the test mode.
The invention also relates to a method for testing a field
device arrangement having at least two field devices.
In this respect, the invention is based on the object of
specifying a test method which makes it possible to simulate
even complex fault situations in electrical installations for
test purposes.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by virtue
of the fact that the field devices of the field device
arrangement are tested in synchronized fashion.
A fundamental advantage of the method according to the
invention can be seen in the fact that it can be used to
simulate even very complex fault situations, as can arise in
complex electrical installations, in the form of "test
patterns" for testing the field devices. For example, different
temporal sequences are individually controlled or triggered
inside the connected field devices.
An output signal (for example fault signal, trigger signal,
test results,

intermediate results during the test, other evaluation signals)
from another field device is preferably fed into at least one
of the field devices in order to simulate and test
intercorrelations between field devices. Such feeding in of
output signals from other field devices may be expedient, for
example, for testing a differential protective arrangement.
For example, the field devices may use the output signal from
other field devices further as a digital test signal or may use
it to form their digital test signal. It is also possible for
the field devices to use the output signal from other field
devices further as a trigger signal or to use it to form their
own trigger signal.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary
embodiments in which, by way of example:
figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an
arrangement according to the invention
having a protective device, a testing
device and a separate operating device; the
arrangement is also used by way of example
to explain the method according to the
invention;
figures 2 and 3 show, by way of example, fault value
records which are intended to be used to
test the protective device according to
figure 1;
figure 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a field
device according to the invention; and
figure 5 shows an arrangement having a plurality of
field devices according to figure 4, which
is used by way of example to explain an

exemplary embodiment of a test method
according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows an Ethernet network or an

Ethernet data bus 10 which is compatible with the IEC61850-9-2
standard, with the real-time Ethernet standard, with the IEC
61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588 standard and can be
operated according to these standards.
The network connection A20 of a merging unit 20 is connected to
the Ethernet network 10. Analog voltage and current converters
which are connected to an energy transfer system (not shown in
any further detail in figure 1) and record analog current and
voltage measured values U and I of the energy transfer system
and transmit them to the merging unit 20 are connected to the
merging unit 20. For the sake of clarity, the analog voltage
and current converters are shown only diagrammatically in
figure 1 and are denoted using the reference symbols 30 and 40.
The voltage and current converters 30 and 40 are connected to
the merging unit 20 by means of analog 1/5 A or 100 V
interfaces E20a and E20b, for example.
As can also be gathered from figure 1, a testing device 50
which is connected to a control device (for example
microprocessor device) 20' of the merging unit 20 or is
integrated therein is integrated in the merging unit 20; the
method of operation of the testing device 50 is explained
further below.
A protective device 60, a database 70 and an operating device
80 for operating, controlling and configuring the testing
device 50 of the merging unit 20 are also connected to the
Ethernet network 10.
The arrangement according to figure 1 is operated as follows:
Before the protective device 60 is used to monitor the energy
transfer system, the testing device 50 is used to check the
correct method of operation of the protective device 60. For

fault value records stored in Comtrade format are read from the
database 70 using the operating device 80 and are transmitted
to the testing device 50.
Figures 2 and 3 show, by way of example and only
diagrammatically, fault value records in the form of analog
voltage and current profiles U(t) and I(t) within a fault value
recording interval At. A fault value record U(t) and I(t) thus
comprises a multiplicity of individual measured values at
different times t within the respective fault value recording
interval At.
The testing device 50 receives the fault value records as data
packets DU and DI and converts them into digital samples which
correspond to the converter signals recorded by the fault value
recording converters during the respective fault value
recording process.
The testing device 50 then embeds the samples formed in this
manner from the fault value records in digital network-
compatible test data packets Dtest according to the IEC61850-9-
2 standard and transmits them, via its network connection A20,
to a network-compatible interface D60 of the protective device
60.
In this case, the test data packets Dtest are preferably
transmitted in such a manner that the protective device 60 does
not need to distinguish them from other data packets of the
merging unit 20 which are formed during subsequent "normal
operation" of the merging unit 20 using the analog current and
voltage measured values U and I of the analog voltage and
current converters 30 and 40.
The operating device 80 is preferably used to transmit fault
value records, which indicate faults which should be detected
by the protective device 60, to the testing device. In this

case, the operating device 80 monitors whether the protective
device 60

detects the respective faults and generates corresponding fault
signals F. If this is the case, the protective device 60 is
operating correctly and can be used to monitor the energy
transfer system and to evaluate the analog current and voltage
measured values U and I of the voltage and current converters
30 and 40; in contrast, if the protective device 60 is not
operating correctly, suitable maintenance or replacement work
should be carried out.
In addition, it is possible to quantitatively detect the
quality of the protective device 60 by measuring and evaluating
the response or triggering times of the protective device 60 on
the basis of the current and/or voltage values of the fault
value records that have been fed in. For example, in order to
assess the quality, the triggering times may be recorded in the
form of triggering characteristic curves on the basis of the
voltage and/or current values which have been fed in.
As regards testing of the protective device 60 which is as
comprehensive as possible, a multiplicity of fault value
records may, for the rest, be fed into the protective device 60
in the form of repetitively transmitted test sequences and the
response of the protective device may be recorded as described.
In the exemplary embodiment according to figure 1, the testing
device 50 is accommodated in the merging unit 20, for example.
Alternatively, the testing device 50 may also be integrated in
the operating device 80, which is formed, for example, by a
data processing system, for example a personal computer or the
like, or in the protective device 60. Instead of this, it is
also possible to directly connect the testing device 50 to the
Ethernet network 10 as an independent device; the testing
device 50 may be formed, for example, by an appropriately
programmed data processing system such as a personal computer
or the like.

A corresponding situation applies to the operating device 80:
in the exemplary embodiment according to figure 1, the
operating device 80, which is formed, for example, by an
appropriately programmed data processing system such as a
personal computer or the like, is directly connected to the
Ethernet network 10 as an independent device. Alternatively,
the operating device 80 may also be integrated in the merging
unit 20 or in the protective device 60.
For the rest, the operating device 80 and the database 70 need
not be directly connected to the Ethernet network 10; instead
of this, these components may also be connected to the Ethernet
network 10, and to the devices connected to the latter, via the
Internet. In other words, it is thus conceivable to download
test sequences for testing the protective device 60 from
databases which are connected to the Internet and to use them
for testing.
Figure 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a field device
according to the invention. The field device is a protective
device which is denoted using the reference symbol 200 in
figure 4.
The protective device 200 has a multiplicity of analog inputs
for feeding in analog measurement signals; three of these
inputs are illustrated by way of example in figure 4 and are
denoted using the reference symbols E200a, E200b and E200c.
Each of these analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c is
respectively connected to digital signal inputs S220 of a
digitally operating evaluation device 220, that is to say an
evaluation device which processes digital input signals, via an
A/D converter unit 210.
When the analog measurement signals are applied to the analog
inputs E200a, E200b and E200c, the evaluation device 220

evaluates them following analog/digital conversion and
generates a fault signal F if the applied digital measurement
signals indicate a fault in an electrical installation which is
connected

to the analog inputs E200a, E200b and E200c and is not
illustrated in figure 4 for the sake of clarity.
In order to output the fault signal F, the evaluation device
220 is connected to an external communication interface 230
which forms, inter alia, a fault signal output of the
protective device 200.
In addition, the external communication interface 230 forms an
input for feeding digital measurement signals into the
evaluation device 220. For this purpose, the external
communication interface 230 is connected to the digital signal
inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220, to be precise via a
device-internal connecting device 240. The device-internal
connecting device 240 may be, for example, an internal data bus
(for example SPI or CAN standard) or an internal network (for
example Ethernet) or the like.
The external communication interface 230 thus makes it possible
to feed digital measurement signals, which may likewise relate
to an electrical installation which is connected to the
protective device 200, for example to the same electrical
installation which has been or is connected to the analog
inputs E200a, E200b and E200c, into the evaluation device 220.
The protective device 200 thus makes it possible to evaluate
both analog and digital measurement signals.
In order to make it possible to test the protective device 200
in a simple manner, it additionally has a device-internal
testing device 250 which is connected to both the evaluation
device 220 and the external communication interface 230 via the
device-internal connecting device 240 and enables a test mode
of the protective device.

During the test mode, the device-internal testing device 250 is
able to feed digital test signals Te into the evaluation device
220 via the device-internal connecting device 240; it uses the
digital signal inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220 for
this purpose. As part of the test mode, the evaluation device
220 evaluates the test signals Te applied to the input side, to
be precise exactly like the digital measurement signals applied
during normal operation or measurement signals of the connected
electrical installation which have been subjected to
analog/digital conversion, and generates a fault signal F at
the external communication interface 230 if the digital test
signals indicate a fault.
In order to be able to influence the protective device 200 from
the outside in such a manner that the test mode is triggered at
quite particular times, the protective device 200 has a trigger
input which is likewise formed by the external communication
interface 230. It is thus possible to feed a trigger signal Tr
into the protective device 200 and thus into the testing device
250 from the outside and to trigger the test mode of the
protective device. When the trigger signal Tr is present at a
connection A250 of the testing device 250, the latter generates
the digital test signals Te which are used to test the
evaluation device 220.
The digital test signals Te may be predefined or set in advance
from the outside. It is thus possible, for example, to transmit
specific digital test signals Te to the testing device 250 from
the outside via the external communication interface 230 and to
store them in said testing device so that the testing device
250 can feed the digital test signals Te into the evaluation
device 220 as digital measurement signals at a later time. The
digital test signals Te may have been formed, for example, by
simulating or evaluating fault value records which have been
recorded in real electrical installations.

Alternatively, it is possible to directly transmit digital or
analog fault value records to the testing device 250 via the
communication interface 230 so that the testing device 250 can
use them to generate the digital test signals Te themselves.
It is also possible to transmit control signals ST, which
trigger particular test patterns which have been preinstalled
in the testing device 250, to the testing device 250 via the
external communication interface 230. In such a case, the
control signal ST thus stipulates which test signals Te should
be transmitted to the evaluation device 220. As part of such
control signal transmission, scaling factors or the like may
also be concomitantly transmitted, for example, which scaling
factors indicate the manner in which the test patterns which
have been preinstalled in the testing device 250 should be
rescaled in order to obtain the desired digital test signals
Te.
If fault value records are transmitted to the testing device
250 via the communication interface 230, this is preferably
carried out in the so-called Comtrade format (Common Format for
Transient Data - IEEE C37.111 - 1999).
In order to stipulate which internal digital signal inputs S220
of the evaluation device 220 should process the digital test
signals Te further, a configuration file may also be
transmitted to the testing device 250 via the communication
interface 230, which file stipulates how the digital test
signals Te should be assigned to the individual signal inputs
of the evaluation device 220. In this manner, it is possible,
for example, to address and test each of the digital signal
inputs S220 of the evaluation device 220 separately in order to
ensure that each individual signal input of the digital signal
inputs S220 is operating correctly.

In order to avoid a fault signal F, which is generated during a
test mode or test cycle using the protective device 200,
resulting in triggering of a safety response, for example
disconnection of an electrical installation which is connected
to the protective device 200, the protective device 200 is
configured in such a manner that, during a test mode, an
indication is additionally given when outputting the fault
signal F via the external communication interface 230 that it
is a fault signal generated as part of a test mode.
Alternatively, during the test mode, the fault signal output
formed by the communication interface 230 may also be
disconnected in terms of hardware in order to suppress
undesirable output of the fault signal F.
The evaluation device 220 is preferably configured in such a
manner that it stores the analog or digital measurement signals
applied to the input side as well as the fault signals
generated on the basis of these measurement signals in the form
of fault recordings (for example in Comtrade format) in order
to subsequently make it possible to read out and further
process these data. The communication interface 230, for
example, may be used for this purpose. The evaluation device
220 preferably generates such fault recordings both for the
normal operating mode, in which a real electrical installation
is monitored metrologically and "real" fault signals are
generated, and for the test mode in which the digital test
signals Te of the testing device 250 are processed for test
purposes and test fault signals are generated.
In the exemplary embodiment according to figure 4, it was
assumed, for example, that the testing device 250 and the
evaluation device 220 are separate subcomponents;
alternatively, the testing device 250 and evaluation device 220
may also be formed by a single control device (for example a
microprocessor arrangement) in which the testing device 250 and

the evaluation device 220 are implemented in terms of software
in the form of software modules. In this case,

the testing device 250 and the evaluation device 220 may be
formed by installing an appropriate computer program product in
the microprocessor arrangement.
Figure 5 illustrates a field device arrangement having two
field devices which can be used to simulate even complex system
disturbances and can thus be used for test purposes.
Figure 5 shows an electrical installation 300 to which two
protective devices 310 and 320 are connected. The design, for
example, of the two protective devices 310 and 320 may
correspond to that of the protective device 200 according to
figure 4.
The analog inputs E310a, E310b and E310c and E320a, E320b and
E320c, which correspond to the inputs E200a, E200b and E200c
according to figure 4, of the two protective devices 310 and
320 are respectively connected to the electrical installation
300 in such a manner that analog measurement signals Mai to Ma6
are fed into the two protective devices 310 and 320. These
signals are converted into digital measurement signals by A/D
converter units contained in the protective devices and are
then evaluated by an evaluation device of the respective
protective device. In this respect, reference is made to the
statements made above in connection with figure 4.
Figure 5 also shows a device-external network 330 which
connects communication interfaces K310 and K320 of the two
protective devices 310 and 320, which respectively correspond
to the communication interface 230 according to figure 4, to
one another.
An external operating device 340 which can be used to control
the two protective devices 310 and 320 from the outside is also
connected to the device-external network 330. The operating
device 340 thus allows a trigger signal Tr1 to be fed into the

protective device 310 and a further trigger signal Tr2

to be fed into the protective device 320. The two trigger
signals Tr1 and Tr2 may be fed into the two protective devices
at the same time if the latter are intended to be switched into
a test mode at the same time. Alternatively, it is possible to
generate the two trigger signals Trl and Tr2 with a temporal
offset in order to change the two protective devices to their
test mode at different times but nevertheless in synchronized
fashion.
In addition, the operating device 340 allows the digital test
signals Tel and Te2 which are to be used for the test mode to
be transmitted to the respective protective devices 310 and 320
via the device-external network 330. Instead of the digital
test signals Tel and Te2 which are intended to be used for the
test mode, files, for example in the form of fault value
records in Comtrade format, may also be transmitted to the
protective devices and are used by the protective devices to
form the definitive test signals Tel and Te2 themselves. In
such a case, the trigger signals Trl and Tr2 are preferably
generated only when the test signals Tel and Te2 to be used for
the test mode have already been fully implemented in the
protective devices 310 and 320 via the network 330 and have
been prepared therein.
As soon as the trigger signals Trl and Tr2 have triggered the
test mode in their respective associated protective device 310
and 320, the device-internal testing devices contained in the
two protective devices 310 and 320 respectively generate the
digital test signals Tel and Te2 previously defined using the
operating device 340 and feed them into the respective
associated evaluation device. As regards the interaction
between the testing device and the evaluation device in each of
the two protective devices 310 and 320, reference is made to
the statements made above in connection with the protective
device 200 according to figure 4.

In addition to solely external triggering of the two protective
devices 310 and 320 using the operating device 340, it is also
possible to operate the two protective devices in such a manner
that they communicate with one another. It is thus possible,
for example, for one of the two protective devices (for example
the protective device 310) to trigger another protective device
(for example the protective device 320) via the device-external
network 320.. The time for such triggering by the protective
device may be dependent, for example, on whether and when
trigger states (for example ascertainment of a fault, exceeding
of predefined measured value limits, etc.) predefined in the
triggering protective device are determined.
It is also possible for one of the two protective devices (for
example the protective device 310) to feed measurement signals,
evaluation signals generated by itself or externally predefined
evaluation signals, intermediate signals generated by itself or
the like into the other protective device (for example the
protective device 320) via the device-external network 320,
with the result that the other protective device can use the
received signals further as test signals Te2 or can use them to
form its own test signals Te2. In this case, the protective
devices would "cooperate" and would be tested as a unit, as a
result of which even very complex fault situations can be
simulated and used for test purposes.

Patent claims
1. A method for testing a protective device (60) which
processes digital sampling data,
characterized in that
a stored fault value record (DU, DI) of at least one
converter is loaded into a testing device (50),
the data of the fault value record are used to form
digital samples which correspond to the converter data
recorded by the converter while the fault values are being
recorded,
the digital samples formed are embedded in digital
network-compatible data packets (Dtest),
the network-compatible data packets (Dtest) are
transmitted to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the
protective device (60), and
the response of the protective device to the transmitted
digital samples is evaluated.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a
fault value record of an analog converter is processed using
analog converter data and is used to form the network-
compatible data packets (Dtest).
3. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the fault value record of the converter
is stored in Comtrade format and is accordingly processed
further.
4. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that Ethernet-compatible data packets are
formed as network-compatible data packets (Dtest) and are
transmitted using an Ethernet-compatible network (10).

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that
the Ethernet-compatible data packets are formed according to
the IEC61850-9-2

standard and are transmitted using the Ethernet-compatible
network.
6. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the stored fault value records of at least two converters
whose converter data have been recorded in time-correlated
fashion are loaded into the testing device (50),
the converter data of the fault value records are used to
form converter-related digital samples for each of the
converters,
the converter-related samples formed are embedded in
sampling-time-related data packets which each relate to
the same sampling time, and
the response of the protective device to the sampling-
time-related data packets transmitted is evaluated.
7. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the sampling-time-related data packets
are formed in a manner compatible with the real-time Ethernet
standard, with the IEC 61850 standard and/or with the IEEE 1588
standard.
8. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
in order to test the protective device (60), at least one
fault value record which describes a fault which should be
detected by the protective device according to a
stipulation is loaded into the testing device (50), and
in that, after the network-compatible data packets have
been transmitted, a status signal which indicates that the
protective device has correctly detected the fault or has
wrongly not detected the fault is generated.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that,
in order to form the status signal, monitoring is carried out

in order to determine whether the protective

device (60) generates a fault or alarm signal (F) after the
network-compatible data packets (Dtest) have been transmitted.
10. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that a multiplicity of different or identical
test sequences are transmitted, test sequence by test sequence,
to the protective device and are tested there as part of the
operation of testing the device.
11. The method as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that,
in the case of a test sequence which describes a fault, the
testing device is used to measure the triggering or response
time of the protective device.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that
the testing device is used to determine the quality of the
protective device (60) by evaluating the measured triggering or
response times of the protective device and forming a quality
value on the basis of the measured values.
13. The method as claimed in either of the preceding claims 11
and 12, characterized in that the triggering or response times
are measured in the form of triggering characteristic curves on
the basis of the voltage and/or current values which have been
transmitted to the protective device as converter data.
14. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the testing device (50) is configured or
controlled via the network (10) using an operating device (80).
15. An arrangement having a protective device (60) and a
testing device (50), which is connected to the protective
device via a network (10), for testing the protective device
according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14.

16. The arrangement as claimed in claim 15, characterized in
that there is an operating device (80) which is connected to
the testing device (50) via the network (10) and is suitable
for controlling the sequence of the testing operation and/or
configuring the testing device.
17. The arrangement as claimed in either of the preceding
claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the testing device is
part of a merging unit (20).
18. The arrangement as claimed in one of the preceding claims
15 to 17, characterized in that a database (70), from which
test sequences are either directly transmitted to the testing
device or are first of all transmitted to the operating device
and are transmitted from there to the testing device, is
connected to the network.
19. The arrangement as claimed in one of the preceding claims
15 to 18, characterized in that the operating device (80)
and/or the testing device (50) is/are Internet-compatible and
can communicate with the Internet in such a manner that a
stored fault value record or test sequences is/are loaded via
the Internet, is/are processed further by the testing device
and can be used further to test the protective device.
20. A field device (200, 310, 320), in particular a protective
device, for an electrical installation (300) to be monitored,
having
an input (E200a, E200b, E200c) for feeding in an analog or
digital measurement signal (Ma1, Ma2, Ma3, Ma4, Ma5, Ma6)
which relates to the electrical installation to be
monitored, and
an evaluation device (220) which is connected to the input
and, in the event of the input-side measurement signal
being applied, evaluates the latter and generates a fault

signal (F) if the measurement signal indicates a fault

in the electrical installation to be monitored,
characterized in that
the field device has a device-internal testing device
(250) which is connected to the evaluation device and is
suitable
for generating a digital test signal (Te) itself or
further processing an externally applied digital test
signal, and
for feeding the digital test signal into the evaluation
device as a measurement signal after a test mode has
been started in order to test the field device.
21. The field device as claimed in claim 20, characterized in
that
the field device has a trigger input (230) which is
connected to the device-internal testing device (250),
- the testing device being configured in such a manner that
it starts the test mode for testing the field device when
a trigger signal is applied to the trigger input.
22. The field device as claimed in claim 20 or 21,
characterized in that the device-internal testing device (250)
is suitable for loading an external fault value record and
using the latter to form the digital test signal or for
directly using the loaded fault value record further as a
digital test signal.
23. The field device as claimed in claim 22, characterized in
that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it
uses the data of the external fault value record to form
digital samples which correspond to converter data of at least
one converter, which have been recorded while recording the
fault values, and uses said samples to test the field device.

24. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
22-23, characterized in that the testing device is suitable for
processing a fault value record of an analog converter using
analog converter data and for using the latter to form the
digital test signal.
25. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
22-24, characterized in that the testing device is suitable for
further processing an external fault value record in Comtrade
format.
26. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-25, characterized in that the testing device is configured
in such a manner that
it embeds the digital test signal in digital network-
compatible data packets, and
transmits the network-compatible data packets to a device-
internal network-compatible interface of the evaluation
device via a device-internal network (240).
27. The field device as claimed in claim 26, characterized in
that the device-internal network (240) is formed by an
Ethernet-compatible network or by a data bus according to the
SPI or CAN standard.
28. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
21-27, characterized in that the device-internal testing device
(50) is configured in such a manner that it further processes a
time signal, which is applied to the trigger input, as a
trigger signal by starting the test mode at a time defined by
the time signal.
29. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
21-28, characterized in that the field device has a
communication interface (230), in particular a network

connection, and the trigger input is formed by the
communication interface, in particular the network connection.

30. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-29, characterized in that
the evaluation device has a plurality of digital signal
inputs (S200), and
in that a configuration file can be loaded into the
testing device, said file stipulating that digital signal
input of the evaluation device to which the digital test
signal should be applied by the testing device.
31. The field device as claimed in claim 30, characterized in
that
the testing device is configured in such a manner that it
can simultaneously apply a plurality of digital test
signals to the evaluation device,
the configuration file being able to be used to stipulate
how the test signals should be assigned to the signal
inputs of the evaluation device.
32. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-31, characterized in that the testing device is configured
in such a manner that it feeds a digital test signal into the
evaluation device repeatedly, in particular periodically
repeatedly, in order to test the field device.
33. The field device as claimed in claim 32, characterized in
that the testing device is configured in such a manner that it
uses different scaling factors in the event of the digital test
signal being repeatedly fed in.
34. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-33, characterized in that the testing device is configured
in such a manner that it stores the test signal applied to the
evaluation device and the corresponding response of the field
device to said signal in the form of a fault recording while
carrying out the test mode.

35. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-34, characterized in that
the field device has a fault signal output which can be
disconnected and is intended to externally output the
fault signal, and
in that the testing device is configured in such a manner
that it disconnects or deactivates the fault signal output
in the case of the test mode.
36. The field device as claimed in one of the preceding claims
20-35, characterized in that
a communication interface (230) of the field device forms
a fault signal output for externally outputting the fault
signal, and
- in that the evaluation device is configured in such a
manner that it generates a coded fault signal, which
indicates the performance of a test, at the external
communication interface (230) in the case of the test
mode.
37. A method for testing a field device arrangement having at
least two field devices (310, 320) as claimed in one of the
preceding claims 21 to 36, characterized in that the field
devices of the field device arrangement are tested in
synchronized fashion.
38. The method as claimed in claim 37, characterized in that a
trigger signal (Tr1, Tr2) is respectively applied to each of
the field devices in such a manner that the field devices carry
out their respective test mode in time-correlated fashion with
respect to one another.
39. The method as claimed in claim 37 or 38, characterized in
that an output signal from another field device is fed into at
least one of the field devices.

40. The method as claimed in claim 39, characterized in that
the at least one field advice uses the output signal from the
other

field device further as a digital test signal or uses it to
form its digital test signal.
41. The method as claimed in claim 39 or 40, characterized in
that the at least one field device uses the output signal from
the other field device further as a trigger signal or uses it
to form its trigger signal.

The invention relates, among other things, to a method for
testing a protective device that processes digital sampling
data.The aim of the invention is to create a method which
allows protective devices to be tested in a particularly simple
fashion regarding the serviceability thereof. Said aim is
achieved by loading a stored fault record (DU, DI) of at least
one converter into a testing device (50), forming, by means of
the data of said fault record, digital sampling values which
correspond to the converter data recorded by the converter
during the fault recording process, embedding the formed digital
sampling values into digital network-compatible data packets
(Dtest), transmitting said network-compatible data packets
(Dtest) to a network-compatible interface (D60) of the
protective device (60), and evaluating the reaction of the
protective device to the transmitted digital sampling value.

Documents:

02738-kolnp-2008-abstract.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-claims.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-correspondence others.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-description complete.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-drawings.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-form 1.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-form 2.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-form 3.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-form 5.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-gpa.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-international publication.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-international search report.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-pct request form.pdf

02738-kolnp-2008-translated copy of priority document.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(08-10-2014)-ABSTRACT.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(08-10-2014)-CLAIMS.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(08-10-2014)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(08-10-2014)-FORM-1.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(08-10-2014)-FORM-2.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(09-05-2014)-CLAIMS.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(09-05-2014)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(09-05-2014)-OTHERS.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-(10-07-2013)-PETITION UNDER RULE 137.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-CORRESPONDENCE 1.1.pdf

2738-kolnp-2008-form-18.pdf

2738-KOLNP-2008-OTHERS.pdf

abstract-02738-kolnp-2008.jpg

« Previous Patent

Next Patent »

Patent Number

265867

Indian Patent Application Number

2738/KOLNP/2008

PG Journal Number

13/2015

Publication Date

27-Mar-2015

Grant Date

20-Mar-2015

Date of Filing

07-Jul-2008

Name of Patentee

SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Applicant Address

WITTELSBACHERPLATZ 2, 80333 MUNCHEN

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	GERHARD LANG	VOGELWEIDE 15 14557 WILHELMSHORST
2	STEFAN SCHWABE	BAVARIARING 35 80336 MÜNCHEN
3	VOLKER WENZEL	THEODOR-STORM-STR. 35 16540 HOHEN NEUENDORF
4	NORBERT SCHUSTER	LEO HÄMMERLE STR. 7A 90584 ALLERSBERG

PCT International Classification Number

G01R 31/28,H02H 3/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/DE2006/000179

PCT International Filing date

2006-02-01

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	PCT/DE2006/000052	2006-01-12	Germany