Title of Invention	METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING INFORMATION, MANAGING A DEFECTIVE AREA IN A DATA AREA OF AN OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM
Abstract	An optical disc of write once type a method and an apparatus of an managing detect information optical disc of write once type, e.g a BD WO are provided with a temporary detect barrengement areas (TDMA). The method include preparing the temporary defect management area (TDMA) in which a temporary defect list (TDFL) is recorded as defected managment information for managing a defecting area of the optical disc recording the most recent temporary detect list cumulatively with the previous temporary detect list in the temporary defect management area and recording position information the indicating a position of the most resents temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area along with along with the temporary detect list to more effectively manage the temporary detect list.

Title of Invention

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECORDING INFORMATION, MANAGING A DEFECTIVE AREA IN A DATA AREA OF AN OPTICAL RECORDING MEDIUM

Abstract

An optical disc of write once type a method and an apparatus of an managing detect information optical disc of write once type, e.g a BD WO are provided with a temporary detect barrengement areas (TDMA). The method include preparing the temporary defect management area (TDMA) in which a temporary defect list (TDFL) is recorded as defected managment information for managing a defecting area of the optical disc recording the most recent temporary detect list cumulatively with the previous temporary detect list in the temporary defect management area and recording position information the indicating a position of the most resents temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area along with along with the temporary detect list to more effectively manage the temporary detect list.

Full Text	WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 1 OPTICAL DISC OF WRITE ONCE TYPE, METHOD, AND APPARATUS FOR MANAGING DEFECT INFORMATION ON THE OPTICAL DISC Tchnical Field The present invention relates to a method for managing a defective area on a high density optical disc, and more particularly to a write once optical disc, an apparatus and a method for managing a defective area on a high density optical disc such as a Blu-ray Disc Write Once (BD-WO). Background Art Optical discs on which a large capacity of data can be written as optical recording media have widely been used. Among them, a new HD-DVD (High- Density Digital Versatile Disc) on which video data and audio data can be written and stored in high quality and in large quantities, e.g., a BD (Blu-ray Disc), has been recently developed. The Blu-ray disc, which belongs to the next-generation HD-DVD technology, is the next-generation optical recording solution that can strikingly surpass the data recording capability of existing DVDs. The Blu-ray disc world standards of HD-DVD that have recently been established include the use of a celadon laser having a wavelength of 405nm that is mush denser than a red laser of existing DVD technology having a wavelength of 650nm. Accordingly, a greater amount of data than the existing DVD technology can be stored on the BD that has a thickness of 1.2 mm, a diameter of 12 cm, and an optical transmission layer having a thickness of 0.1 mm. As various kinds of standards related to the BD (Blu-ray Disc) are being WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 2 developed, various lands of standards for BD-RE (BD Rewritable disc) and BD- WO (BD Write Once disc) are being developed. One of the new high density optical discs, on which high quality video and audio data. can be written, erased and rewritten for long periods of time, is a Blu-ray Disc Re-'writable (BD-RE) that is currently being developed. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of a recording area of a BD- RE. The BD-RE of FIG. 1 shows the structure of the recording area of a disc having one recording layer. Seen from the inner periphery of the disc, the recording area is divided into a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area. An inner spare area ISAO and sri outer spare area OSAO for replacement of a, defective area are provided on the inner and outer peripheries of the data, area, and a user data area for recording user data is provided in the center of the data area. If a defective area exists in a user data area during recording of data on a BD-RE, the data recorded in the defective area is shifted to and recorded in a spare area as replacement data. Also, position information relating to the defective area and the replacement data, recording area is recorded in defect management areas DMA 1, DMA. 2, DMA 3 and DMA 4 provided in the lead-in and lead-out areas. The position information serves as management information for the defective area to perform defect management for the optical disc. In the case of the BD-RE, since rewriting is possible in any area of the disc, the whole area of the disc can randomly be used irrespective of its recording mode. The Blu-ray Disc write-Once (BD-WO) is another type of high density optical disc that is being developed where a high quality of data can be recorded and reproduced to and from the disc. As the name may suggest, data can be written only once on the BD-WO and is net re-writable on the BD-WO. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 3 However, the BD-WO can be read repeatedly. As a result, the BD-WO is useful where the rewritability of data on a recording medium is not desired or essential. Discussions on the standardization of high-density optical discs, e.g., such as BD-WO, have recently been underway. In this regard, a disc structure, a method and an apparatus for managing defective areas of the BD-WO are seeded, which accommodate and consider the unique characteristics and intended operations of the BD-WO. Such techniques will render the BD-WO commercially marketable and operationally feasible. In the BD-WO (Blu-ray Disc Write Once), since only a single recording of data in a specified area of the disc is possible, the recording mode is greatly restricted. Accordingly, it is difficult to randomly use the whole area of the disc due to its management difficulty. Also, in a high-density optical disc of write once type, such as the BD-WO, me management of the defective area becomes an important aspect of data, recording. Accordingly, the optical disc of write once type requires a unified standard of management for defect information on optical discs of this type. Disclosure oflavention Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an optical disc of write once type and a method and apparatus for managing defect information on the optical disc that substantially obviate one or mote problems and/or disadvantages of the background art. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of identifying a defective area and a method of managing the defective area. One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 4 accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium haying at laast one defective area in a user data area, the method comprising recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area. One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium having at least one defective area in a user data area, the method comprising recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the temporary defective management area; and recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates at bast a position of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area. One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are accomplished by a recording medium comprising a user data area within a data area; a temporary defect management area for recording defect management information, wherein the defect management information is provided fot managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data i area of the recording medium; a first defect management area being provided in the temporary defect management area; and a second defect management area being provided in the temporary defect managemeint area for recording position WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 5 information that indicates a position of the most recent defect list. One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are accomplished by a recording medium comprising a user data area within a data area; a temporary defect management area, for recording defect management information, wherein the defect management information is provided for managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data area of the recording medium, a temporary defect last in fee temporary defect management area, wherein the temporary defeat list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and at least one temporary defect list pointer containing position information, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area. One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are accomplished by an apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at least one temporary defect management area, and a space area in a data area, the apparatus comprising a device for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and for recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area and the temporary defect list One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are further accomplished by An apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area in a data area, the apparatus comprising a device for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 6 least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; for separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the temporary defective management area; and for recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates at leaat a position, of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area. Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. Brief Description of theDrawings Further objects and advantages of the invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 illustrates the structure of a rewritable optical disc of the related art; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and/or reproducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIGs. 3A and 3B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO and a dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention; WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 7 FIG, 4 illustrates the structure of an optical disc of write once type according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIGs. 5 A and 5B illustrate examples of the structure of TDFL and TDDS applied to an optical disc of write once type according to the present invention; FIGs. 6A and 6B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIGs. 7A and 7B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIGs, 8A and 8B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to a third embodiment of the present invention; and FlGs. 9A and 9B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Best mode for Carrying Out the Invention Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which ere illustrated in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and/or reproducing device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The optical disc recording and/or reproducing device 20 (hereinafter optical disc recording/reproducing device) includes an optical pickup 22 for writing and reading data to and from an optical recording medium 21, a servo unit 23 for WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 8 controlling the pickup 22 to maintain a distance between an objective lens of the pickup 22 and the recording medium 21 and for tracking relevant tracks on the recording medium 21, a data processor 24 for processing and supplying input data to the pickup 22 for writing, and for processing data read from, the recording medium 21, an interface 25 for exchanging data and/or commands with any external host 30, a memory or storage 27 for storing information and data therein including defect management data associated with the recording medium 21, and a microprocessor or controller 26 for controlling the operations and elements of the recording/reproducing device 20. Data to be written or read to or from the recording medium 21 may also be stored in the memory 27. All the components of the recording/reproducing device 20 are operatively coupled. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the recording medium 21 is a recording medium of write-once type, e.g., such as a BD-WO. FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO and a dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS, 3A and 3B, the BD-WO can have one or two recording layers. In FIG. 3A, a BD-WO having only a single recording layer (Layer 0) includes a single recording layer composed of a lead-in area (LIA), a data area, and a lead-out area (LOA), and is referred to herein as a single layer disc. In FIG. 3B, a dual layer BD-WO includes two recording layers (Layers 0 and 1) and is referred to hereinafter as a dual layer disc. The first recording layer (Layer 0) includes a LIA, a data area, and an outer zone. The second recording layer (Layer 1) includes a LOA, a data area and an outer zone. Generally a data writing occurs in the direction shown with the dotted arrow in the dual layer disc. The single layer disc can have a capacity of 23.3, 25.0 or WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 9 27.0 Gbytes, whereas the dual layer disc can have a capacity of 46.6, 50.0, or 54.0 Gbytes. It should be noted that all the different embodiments of the present invention, e.g., various methods discussed hereinafter, are applicable to any type of an optical disc, such as a single layer BD-WO, a dual layer BD-WO or a BD- RE. Further, although the use of the recording/reproducing device 20 of FIG. 2 is discussed below in conjunction with the methods of the invention, the invention is not limited to such and encompasses other recording/reproducing devices as long as they are configured to implement the present methods. A detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be provided hereinafter with reference to an exemplary BD-WO (Blu-ray Disc Write Once). FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of an optical disc of write once type, e.g., a BD-WO, and the method of recording disc management information according to the present invention. The optical disc of write once type of FIG, 4 is a single-layer disc having one recording layer. This optical disc includes spare areas, e.g., inner and outer spare areas ISA0/OSA0, for recording of replacement data of a defective area, and one or more TDMAs (Temporary Defect Management Area) for managing information relating to the defective area, e.g,, in order to manage a physical defect In the case of a general rewritable optical disc, data can be repeatedly written and erased from a DMA (Defect Management Area) even if the DMA has a limited size, end thus a. DMA of a large size is not required. However, in the case of an optical disc of write once type, e.g., a BD-WO, an area that has data recorded thereon cannot be used for recording data again, and a management area of a larger size is requited with this type of recording medium. If no former recording is made on the optical disc of write once type, the final or latest TDMA (Temporary Defect Management Area) information is required to WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 10 be transferred to and recorded in the DMA (Defect Management Area), and thus it is referred to as the TDMA (Temporary DMA) in distinction from the DMA. In FIG. 4, a TDMAL is provided in a lead-in area with, a fixed size and a TDMA2 having a size variable or associated with a size of the respective outer spare area (OSA0) in which it is provided e.g., as seen in FIGs. 4-5B, P = (N*256)/4 is provided. The respective TDMA serves to store therein a TDFL (Temporary Defect List) and a TDDS (Temporary Disc Definition Structure) for defect management The TDFL is an entry list containing information for managing a series of processes for replacement of data in a defective area of the data area in the spare area. The size of ihe TDFL varies according to the size of the defective area, e.g., in the case of a single layer disc, the TDFL is prepared with a size of between 1-4 clusters, and in the case of a dual layer, the TDFL is prepared with, a size of between 1-8 clusters. The TDDS may he prepared in the unit of a single cluster, or both the TDDS and the TDFL are prepared in the unit of a single cluster. The TDDS includes information for management of the optical disc of write once type and information relating to the defect management required in the present invention. The defect management information is information located partially within the TDFL and the TDDS. Hereinafter, the detailed contents of 1he TDFL and the TDDS will be explained with reference to FIGs. 5A and 5B. FIG. 5A illustrates an. example of the structure of the TDFL. applied to the present invention. The TDFL is generally divided into three parts; a TDFL header, a defect entry list (Defect_eatry_List) and an indicator for the termination of the TDFL (TDFL terminator). WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 11 The TDFL header is at the leading portion of the TDFL and is used for recognizing the TDFL during defect management The TDFL header includes a TDFL identifier, a TDFL update count field that increases a count by 1 whenever the TDFL is updated, a field for the number of defect entries that exist in the corresponding TDFL (number of TDFL entries), and a field containing the number of entry types (number of first to N-th entry types). The defect entry list (Defect_entry_List) actually includes the contents that makeup the TDFL, e.g., the defect entry list is for managing position information of the defective area and the replacement area for each defective area in a single entry or location. Each entry is made up of 8 bytes of data, and the structure of a each entry includes an entry type (status 1), position information of the defective area (Defective cluster First PSN), and position information of the replacement area for replacement data (replacement cluster First PSN) recorded in order within the entry. The TDFL terminator incudes information that indicates the termination of the defect entry list (Defect_entry_List). In the case of a dual-layer disc, the defect entry list (Defect_entry_List) occupies 8 clusters at a maximum, and in the case of a single-layer disc, the defect entry list CDefect_entry_List) occupies 4 clusters at a maximum. In FIG. 5B, the TDFL has the same structure as that of FIG. 5A, but the TDDS is now recorded along with TDFL information, e.g, the TDDS may be recorded in a different location than the TDFL (as shown in FIG. 5A), and/or may be recorded in the same cluster along with the TDFL (FIG. 5B). In the TDDS, a variety of informatiuon may be recorded. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the TDDS should indude position information of the latest TDFL (First PSN of latest TDFL), In the optical disc of write once type, the position in which the latest TDFL is recorded WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 12 is changed whenever the TDFL is updated with respect to the defective area. Accordingly, it is necessary to manage the latest TDFL position information at all times. The position in which the latest TDFL is recorded may be referred to as a TDFL pointer, since it contains information that indicates the position information of the latest TDFL. However the quantity of latest TDFL position information may be changed according to the recording method of the TDFL, which will be explained in greater detail hereinafter. The term First PSN used in the present invention and shown in the accompanying figures refers to the first physical sector number of a cluster. In the case of a BD-WO, the minimum recording unit is defined as one duster, and since 32 sectors generally exist in a. single cluster, the First PSN refers to the position information of the leading sector in the corresponding cluster. Consequently, the First PSN refers to the position information of the corresponding cluster, e.g., defective cluster First PSN for the first physical sector number of me defective cluster. A method of recording a TDFL and a method of recording a TDFL pointer according to the various embodiments of the present invention will be explained in greater detail hereinafter, The defect entry list (Defect_entry_List) is expressed as TDFLl, TDFLlc, TDFL21, TDFL32, etc, to assist in the following description of FIGs. 6A-6B. TDFLl refers to entries prepared at the first stage (stagel), and TDFLlc refers to TDFLl after it has been cumulatively recorded. TDFL21 refers to first entries prepared at the second stage (stage2), and TDFL32 refers to second entries prepared at the third stage (stage3). The TDFL terminator has been omitted in FIGs. 6A and 6B to reduce the complexity of these figures, and the latest TDFL position information (TDFL pointer) recorded in the TDDS is expressed as P1, P2, P3, , , respectively. Also, the cluster that is the recording unit is illustrated with a thick solid line to WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 13 more prominently mark the contents of the TDMA. FIGs. 6A and 6B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to the fiist embodiment of the present invention. According to the method of managing defect information according to the first embodiment of the present invention as shown, in. FIG. 6A, tie latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded, cumulatively with the previous TDFL. Accordingly, only one TDFL header and one TDFL pointer are used with respect to the TDFL of the camulatively repeated 1-4 clusters (or 1 - 8 clusters), respectively. The TDFL header and the TDFL are recorded and managed in the unit of single cluster. In the case of a single layer (SL) disc, the size of the TDFL varies from 1 cluster to 4 clusters and in the case of a double layer (DL) disc, the size of the TDFL varies from 1 to 8 clusters. At the first stage (stagel), a part of the TDFL information, a TDFL headerl and a TDFLl are recorded in a single cluster in the exemplary sequence shown. In the TDDS, information (TDDS 1) that indicates the position of the latest defect management information is recorded. In FIG. 6A, the information that indicates the position of the latest defect management information, e.g., the TDLF pointer is expressed as P1 as described above. The position information indicated by this pointer is the first PSN, i.e., address of the corresponding cluster. For example, in FIG, 6A, the pointer P1 indicates the position of the TDFLheaderl. At the second stage (stage2) shown in FIG. 6A, TDFL21 and TDFL22 are further recorded during an update operation. The defect management information is recorded in a once-iecordable state in the recording unit of a single cluster on the disc. During the recording of the defect management information at the second stage stage2, TDFL21 and TDFL22 (corresponding to new TDFL information obtained during the present update operation), and the WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 14 previously recorded TDFL information (TDFL1c that is identical to TDFLl), are recorded along with, the corresponding TDFL headed and TDDS2. That is, the TDFL information is cumulatively recorded at each update stage along with any new TDFL informastion. The second. stage (stage 2) refers to the recording method in the case that the list information of the defect management area exceeds a single cluster, but is less than 2 clusters. For example, TDFL header2 + TDFLlc + TDFL21 equals a single cluster in size. Therefore, when the TDFL22 is recorded this TDFL occupies a partial area of the second successive cluster, and TDFL beader2 contains the contents of the TDFLlc, TDFL21 and TDFL22. The pointer value recorded in the TDDS2 shows that the latest defect information position P2- is recorded, the PSN of TDFL Header 2. Since the defect management information is cumulatively recorded, only the latest PSN is necessary as a pointer. In this embodiment, only one TDPL header and one TDDS having the TDFL pointer are generated and recorded at every stage. In each stage, a sorting to sort the existing TDBLs can he performed. The sorting can be done based on certain, predetermined criteria. For instance, the TDFLs can be sorted first based on status 1 (see FIG. 5B) and can be further sorted based on the first PSN of the TDFL. Obviously other criteria can be used. The defect management information after a sorting has been performed is shown as an exampls at the third stage (stage 3). Here, the defect management information is sorted according to the PSN of the TDFL entry and based on the TDFL entry type (status 1). From a viewpoint of the second stage (stage 2), the sorting is performed under the assumption that a new TDFL entry is produced to be included in a P2x position. If a new TDFL entry to be recorded is produced, the new TDFL should WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 15 to recorded by reflecting the list information of the defective area sorted according to the sorting rule as described above. The third stage (stage 3) shows this. Since all the information of TDFLlc, TDFL21 and TDFL22 are changed through sorting by the P2x, the changed defect management area list information is recorded as the TDFL31, TDFL32, etc. and for TDFL header3 corresponding to the TDFL31, TDFL32, etc. is recorded in the lead of the corresponding information. In the TDDS3, the position information P3 of the latest defect management information is recorded. The TDFL31 occupies a single cluster, and the TDFL32 occupies less than a single cluster, following the TDFL31. Accordingly, at the third stage, the defective area management information exceeds a single cluster, but is less than 2 clusters. In summary, according to the method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the TDFL is cumulatively recorded in the recording unit of a single cluster whenever it is updated. The TDDS then expresses the position of the latest defect management information (TDFL) with one pointer only. Also, in the case that the defect management information is changed according to a sorting rule, it can adaptively cope with such a change. In FIG, 6A, the TDFL header has the information that indicates the number of clusters currently used. This means that a flag for representing how many clusters are used for representing the defect management area list can be employed since the size of the defect management information is variable. It is also possible to record the information for representing the number of clusters currently used in not only the TDFL header, but also the TEDS. FIG. 6B shows a table that represents the change of the TDFL pointer by stages according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 16 embodiment, it can be recognized that only one pointer is required for each stage. FIGs. 7A and 7B illustrate a method of managing defect information cm an optical disc of write once type according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to the method of managing defect information according to the second embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 7A, the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with the previous TBFL. Therefore, only one TDFL header and one TPFL pointer are used for each cluster with respect to the TDFL of the cumulatively repeated 1- 4 clusters (or 1 - 8 clusters). The TDFL recorded for each stage is the same as that in the first embodiment In the second embodiment, one TDFL pointer is used for the corresponding cluster with respect to the TDFL size that increases by stages. Accordingly, even if a defect is identified during the recording of the cluster indicated by TDFL pointer P3 at the second stage (stage2), the defect is overcome through re-recording of only the cluster corresponding to that defect, i.e., the cluster including or beginning with TDFL22, The pointer can be changed to point to the re-recorded area. If it is re-recorded, the defect can be overcome through the change of only the pointer indicated by P3. Thus, the TDMA required for the preparation of the TDFL can be reduced, FIG, 7E shows a table that represents, the change of the pointer of the TDFL as the TDFL is updated by stages according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, eight pointers may be required at maximum, and pointers that were not used at the respective stages are set to zero. In this example, the first TDFL pointer points to the P1 location, P2 location and P4 location at stages 1, 2, 3, respectively. The second TDFL pointer points to P3 and P4 locations at stages 2 and 3, respectively. The second TDFL pointer can indicate a pointer change form the first or previous WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 17 TDFL pointer location, which may be due to the re-recording of certain cluster due to a defect as discussed above. FIGs. 8A and 8B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to the third embodiment of the present invention. According to the method of managing defect information according to the third embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG- 8A, the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with the previous TDFL in a single cluster, but the TDFL is also separately recorded for each cluster, and position information of the latest TDEL is recorded in each recorded duster in the TDDS. At the first stage (stage l), it is assumed that the TDFL headerl and the TDFLl are recorded in a single cluster, in the TDDS, information that indicates the position of the latest TDFL; is recorded, and in FIG, 8A, this is expressed as P1. The position information indicated by this pointer is the first PSN of this cluster, i.e, address of the corresponding cluster in the optical disc structure. In FIG. SA, the pointer P1 indicates the first position of the TDFL headerl. In the case of a SL disc, the recording unit, e.g., 1 cluster, of the defect management information may the varied from 1 cluster to 4 clusters, and thus 4 pointers are required, In the case of a DL disc, the recording unit of the defect management information may be varied up to 8 clusters, and up to 8 pointers are required. At the second stage (stage 2) in FIG. 8A, new TDFL21 and TDFL 22 are further recorded along with the cumulative recording of previous TDFLs (which is represented as TDFL1c) during an update operation. The defect management information is recorded in a once-recordable state in the recording unit of a single cluster on the optical disc of write once type. During the recordation of the defect managemeat information at the second stage (stage 2), new TDFL21 WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 18 and TDFL22, and the cumulative TDFLlc that is identical to TDFL1, are recorded along with the corresponding TDFL header 2 and TDFL header 3 and TDDS2. The second stage (stage 2) refers to the recording method in the case that the list information of the defect management area exceeds a single cluster; but is less than 2 clusters. For example, the TDFL header 2 + TDFLlc + TDEL21 equals a single cluster of data, and the TDFL22 is therefore recorded occupying only a partial area of the second successive cluster. The corresponding TDFL header 3 is recorded, and the pointer value recorded in the TDDS2 shows that the latest defect information positions are recorded and identified by TDFL pointers P2 and P3. At the third stage (stage 3), new TDFL31 and TDFL32 are further recorded along with the cumulative recording of previous TDFLs (which. is. represented as TDFL22cc) during the update operation. The defect management information is recorded in a single recording in the recording unit of a single cluster on the optical, disc of write once type as described above. During the recordation of the defect management information at the third stage (stage3), TDFL31 and TDFL32, an the cumulative TDFL22c that is identical to TDFL22, are recorded along with the corresponding TDFL header 4, TDFL header 5 and TDDS3, The TDFL header 2, the corresponding TDFLlc and the TDFL21 are not newly recorded, but information that indicates their position P2 is recorded in the TDDS3, so that an unnecessary, repetitive recording is prevented. Therefore, the recording area of the disc is efficiently used and available space for defect management and recording is increased. If the TD7L22C, TDFL31 and TDFL32 information exceeds a single cluster, but is less than 2 clusters, i.e., the combination of TDFL header 4 + TDFL22c + TDFL31 equals a single cluster, the TDFL32 is recorded occupying WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 19 a partial area of the second successive cluster along with the corresponding TDFL header 5. The pointer value recorded in the TDDS3 shows that the latest defect information positions P2, P4 and. P5 are recorded at stage 3. The latest TDFL information can be obtained using P2, P4 and P5, e.g., the positions of the latest defect management information recorded in the TDDS3. The TDFL header 2, TDFLlc and TDFL21 information can be obtained using the P2 position information indicated by the first TDFL pointer, and the TDFL header 4, TDFL22c and TDFL31 information can be obtained using the P4 position information mdicated by the second TDFL pointer. The TDEL header5 and TDPL32 inf ormation can be obtained using the P5 position information indicated by the third TDFL pointer. As discussed in the previous embodiment, a sorting can be performed to sort TDFLs in some order at each stage, for example, at the fourth stage (stage 4), the defect management information after the sorting is performed is shown. Here, the defect management information is sorted according to the PSN of the TDFL entry and based on the TDFL entry type (status 1). From a viewpoint of the third stage (stage 3), the sorting is performed raider the assumption that a new TDFL entry is produced to be included in the P2x position. Since all the information of TDFLlc, TDFL2l, TDFL22c, TDFL31 and TDFL32 are changed through sorting by the P2x the changed TDFL information is recorded as the TDFL41, TDFL42 and TDFL42, and the corresponding TDFL header 6, TDFL header7 and TDFL header 8 are recorded along with a new TDDS4. Here, in the TDDS4, P6, P7 and P8 which is a position information of the latest defect management information is recorded. The TDFL header 6 and the TDFL41 occupy a single cluster, the TDFL header 7 and the TDFL42 oqcupy a single cluster; and the TDFL header8 and the WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 20 TDFL43 occupy less than a single cluster. Accordingly, at the fourth stage, the defective area management information exceeds two cluster but is less than three clusters. In summary, according to the method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the TDFL header and the TDFL are recorded in the recording unit of a single cluster whenever the TDFL is updated. If the TDDS expresses the position of the latest defect management information, and the recording is performed in excess of a single cluster, repeated recordings are minimized using the information that represents the position of the latest defect management information, and the latest defect management information can be efficiently and promptly obtained. Meanwhile, in FIG. 8A, the defect management information may be obtained when the corresponding header has information with respect to the corresponding TDFL contents. Alternatively, the defect management information may be obtained when the latest TDFL header includes all of the TDFL information. For example, at the second stage (stage2), the TDFL header 2 only has information with respect to the contenis of the TDFL1C and TDFL21, and the TDFL header 3 only has information on the contents of the TDFL22. Therefore, all the information related to the corresponding defective area can be obtained by processing all entry information of all the headers indicated by the position of the latest defect management information. However, the TDFL header 5 includes information on the entire contents of the TDFLlc, TDFL21, TDFL22c, TDFL31, and TDFL32. In this case, all the information relating to the entire defective area can be obtained by the contents of only the latest TDFL header, In FIG. 8A, the TDFL header also has information that indicates the WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 21 number of clusters currently used. A flag for representing how many clusters are used in representing the defect management area list can be employed. Sines the size of the defect ntanagement information is variable, this flag can be particularly helpful. It is also possible to record information representing the number of clusters currently used, in not ooly the TDFL header, but also in the TDDS. FIG. 8B shows an example of table that represents the change of the TDFL pointers by stages according to the third embodiment of the present information. In the third embodiment, eight pointers are required at a maximum, and the pointers that are not -used at the respective stages are set to zero. The concept of FIG, 8B is identical to that of FIG. 7B and thus is not discussed in further detail hereinafter. FIGs. 9A and 9B illustrate a method of managing defect information on an optical disc of write once type according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. According to the method of managing defect information according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 9A, the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with, the previous TDFL in one cluster. However, the TDFL is separately recorded for each cluster, and position information of the latest TDFL is recorded in each recorded cluster in the TDDS. In comparison to the third or other previous embodiments, the header that indicates the TDFL is not placed in the leading edge of the TDFL, but is placed in the TDDS. This can prevent complecated rules for recording the TDFL header information by recording the TDFL header in the TDDS. In this configuration a TDFL header may not be needed for each, cluster, but can be provided once at each update stage. The TDDS is typically composed of 2048 bytes, the TDFL header of about 60 bytes, and the existing TDDS information usually does not exceed 100 bytes. Accordingly, there is no trouble in WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 22 performing the recording in the TDDS. FIG, 9B shows an example of a table that represents the change of the pointer of the TDFL by stages according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, eight pointers are required at a maximum in the same manner as the third embodiment, and the pointers that are not used at the respective stages are set to zero. XXX XXX As described above, a unified standard of management for defect information is disclosed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 23 What Is claimed Is: 1. A method for managing an optical recording medium having at least one defective area in a user data area, said method comprising: recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporal defect management area and the temporary defect list. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical recording medium is a write-once optical disc. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the write-once optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a recording size of the temporary defect list is at least one cluster. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the recording size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein, the BD-WO optical disc is a single layer BD-WO. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 24 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list pointer contains a single physical sector number irrespective of the size of the temporary defect list. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list pointer contains a single physical sector number for each cluster in which the temporary defect list is recorded. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list has a recording size of at least one cluster, and the temporary defect list further includes information that indicates the number of clusters currently used. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list includes a header for identifying the corresponding temporary defect list. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a single header is provided unrespective of the size of the temporary defect list 13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area. 14. A method for managing an optical recording medium having at least one defective area in a user data area, said method comprising: WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 25 recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the temporary defective management area; and recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the optical recording medium is a write-once optical disc. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the write-once optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc. 17. The method according to claim 14, wherein a recording size of the temporary defect list is at least one cluster. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the recording size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters. 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a single layer BD-WO. 20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 26 21. The method according to claim 14, wherein the temporary defect list includes a header for identifying the temporary defect list. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein a single header is provided inrespective of the size of the temporary defect list 23. The method according to claim 14, wherein a header for identifying the temporary defect list is recorded in a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS) area of the temporary defective management area. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the header is not provided for each cluster unit. 25. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area in a single recording unit. 26. A recording medium comprising; a user data area within a data area; a temporary defect management area for recording defect management information, wherein the defect management information is provided for managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data area of the recording medium; a first defect management area being provided in the temporary defect management area; and WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 27 a second defect management area being provided in the temporary defect management area for recording position information that indicates a position of the most recent defect list 27. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first area for defect management and the second area for defect management are recorded together in the same recording unit. 28. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first defect management area is a temporary defect list (TDFL), 29. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the second defect management area is a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS). 30. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the optical recording medium is a write-once optical disc 31. The recording medium, according to claim 30, wherein the write-once optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc. 32. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein a recording size of the temporary defect list is at least one cluster. 33. The recording medium according to claim 32, wherein the recording size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters. 34. The recording medium according to claim 31, wherein the BD-WO WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 28 optical disc is a single layer BD-WO. 35. The recording medium according to claim 31, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO. 36. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the temporary defect list includes a header for identifying the temporary defect list. 37. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first defect management area is for recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a previous defect list as the defect management information. 38. A recording medium comprising: a user data area within a data area; a temporary defect management area for recording defect management information, wherein the defect management information is provided for managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data area of the recording medium; a temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area, wherein the temporary defect list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and at least one temporary defect list pointer containing position information, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area. 39. The recording medium according to claim 38, wherein the optical recording medium is a write-once optical disc. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 29 40. The recording medium according to claim 39, wherein the write-once optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc. 41. The recording medium according to claim 39, wherein, a recording size of the temporary defect list is at least out cluster. 42. The recording medium according to claim 41, wherein the recording size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight cheers. 43. The recording medium according to claim 40, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a single layer BD-WO. 44. The recording medium according to claim 40, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO. 45. The recording medium according to claim 38, wherein the temporary defect list pointer contains a single physical sector number irrespective of the size of the temporary defect list. 46. The recording medium according to claim 38; wherein the temporary defect list painter contains a single physical sector number for each cluster in which the temporary defect list is recorded 47. The recording medium according to claim 33, wherein the most recent temporary defect list is cumulatively recorded with a previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area. WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 30 48. An apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area in a data area, said apparatus comprising: means for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area wherein the at least one temporary defect list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and means for recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area and the temporary defect list 49. The apparatus for claim 48, further comprising: means for recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area. 50. An apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area in a data area, said apparatus comprising: means for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; means for separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the temporary defective management area; and WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026 31 means for recording position information as at least one temporary defect list pointer wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area. 51. The apparatus for claim 50, further comprising; means for recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a previous temporary defect list is the teropatary defect management area in a single recording unit An optical disc of write once type a method and an apparatus of an managing detect information optical disc of write once type, e.g a BD WO are provided with a temporary detect barrengement areas (TDMA). The method include preparing the temporary defect management area (TDMA) in which a temporary defect list (TDFL) is recorded as defected managment information for managing a defecting area of the optical disc recording the most recent temporary detect list cumulatively with the previous temporary detect list in the temporary defect management area and recording position information the indicating a position of the most resents temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area along with along with the temporary detect list to more effectively manage the temporary detect list.

Full Text

WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026
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OPTICAL DISC OF WRITE ONCE TYPE, METHOD, AND APPARATUS
FOR MANAGING DEFECT INFORMATION ON THE OPTICAL DISC
Tchnical Field
The present invention relates to a method for managing a defective area
on a high density optical disc, and more particularly to a write once optical disc,
an apparatus and a method for managing a defective area on a high density
optical disc such as a Blu-ray Disc Write Once (BD-WO).
Background Art
Optical discs on which a large capacity of data can be written as optical
recording media have widely been used. Among them, a new HD-DVD (High-
Density Digital Versatile Disc) on which video data and audio data can be
written and stored in high quality and in large quantities, e.g., a BD (Blu-ray
Disc), has been recently developed.
The Blu-ray disc, which belongs to the next-generation HD-DVD
technology, is the next-generation optical recording solution that can strikingly
surpass the data recording capability of existing DVDs. The Blu-ray disc world
standards of HD-DVD that have recently been established include the use of a
celadon laser having a wavelength of 405nm that is mush denser than a red laser
of existing DVD technology having a wavelength of 650nm. Accordingly, a
greater amount of data than the existing DVD technology can be stored on the
BD that has a thickness of 1.2 mm, a diameter of 12 cm, and an optical
transmission layer having a thickness of 0.1 mm.
As various kinds of standards related to the BD (Blu-ray Disc) are being

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developed, various lands of standards for BD-RE (BD Rewritable disc) and BD-
WO (BD Write Once disc) are being developed. One of the new high density
optical discs, on which high quality video and audio data. can be written, erased
and rewritten for long periods of time, is a Blu-ray Disc Re-'writable (BD-RE)
that is currently being developed.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of a recording area of a BD-
RE. The BD-RE of FIG. 1 shows the structure of the recording area of a disc
having one recording layer. Seen from the inner periphery of the disc, the
recording area is divided into a lead-in area, a data area, and a lead-out area. An
inner spare area ISAO and sri outer spare area OSAO for replacement of a,
defective area are provided on the inner and outer peripheries of the data, area,
and a user data area for recording user data is provided in the center of the data
area.
If a defective area exists in a user data area during recording of data on a
BD-RE, the data recorded in the defective area is shifted to and recorded in a
spare area as replacement data. Also, position information relating to the
defective area and the replacement data, recording area is recorded in defect
management areas DMA 1, DMA. 2, DMA 3 and DMA 4 provided in the lead-in
and lead-out areas. The position information serves as management
information for the defective area to perform defect management for the optical
disc. In the case of the BD-RE, since rewriting is possible in any area of the
disc, the whole area of the disc can randomly be used irrespective of its
recording mode.
The Blu-ray Disc write-Once (BD-WO) is another type of high density
optical disc that is being developed where a high quality of data can be recorded
and reproduced to and from the disc. As the name may suggest, data can be
written only once on the BD-WO and is net re-writable on the BD-WO.

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However, the BD-WO can be read repeatedly. As a result, the BD-WO is
useful where the rewritability of data on a recording medium is not desired or
essential.
Discussions on the standardization of high-density optical discs, e.g.,
such as BD-WO, have recently been underway. In this regard, a disc structure,
a method and an apparatus for managing defective areas of the BD-WO are
seeded, which accommodate and consider the unique characteristics and
intended operations of the BD-WO. Such techniques will render the BD-WO
commercially marketable and operationally feasible.
In the BD-WO (Blu-ray Disc Write Once), since only a single recording
of data in a specified area of the disc is possible, the recording mode is greatly
restricted. Accordingly, it is difficult to randomly use the whole area of the
disc due to its management difficulty. Also, in a high-density optical disc of
write once type, such as the BD-WO, me management of the defective area
becomes an important aspect of data, recording. Accordingly, the optical disc of
write once type requires a unified standard of management for defect
information on optical discs of this type.
Disclosure oflavention
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an optical disc of write
once type and a method and apparatus for managing defect information on the
optical disc that substantially obviate one or mote problems and/or
disadvantages of the background art.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of identifying a
defective area and a method of managing the defective area.
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are

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accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium haying at
laast one defective area in a user data area, the method comprising recording at
least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein
the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management
information for managing the at least one defective area; and recording position
information as at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary
defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the temporary defect list for a
respective recording unit of the temporary defect management area.
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are
accomplished by a method for managing an optical recording medium having at
least one defective area in a user data area, the method comprising recording at
least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein
the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management
information for managing the at least one defective area; separately recording
the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the
temporary defective management area; and recording position information as at
least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer
indicates at bast a position of the temporary defect list for a respective recording
unit of the temporary defect management area.
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are
accomplished by a recording medium comprising a user data area within a data
area; a temporary defect management area for recording defect management
information, wherein the defect management information is provided fot
managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data
i area of the recording medium; a first defect management area being provided in
the temporary defect management area; and a second defect management area
being provided in the temporary defect managemeint area for recording position

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information that indicates a position of the most recent defect list.
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are
accomplished by a recording medium comprising a user data area within a data
area; a temporary defect management area, for recording defect management
information, wherein the defect management information is provided for
managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data
area of the recording medium, a temporary defect last in fee temporary defect
management area, wherein the temporary defeat list is recorded as defect
management information for managing the at least one defective area; and at
least one temporary defect list pointer containing position information, wherein
the temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most recent
temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area.
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are
accomplished by an apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having
at least one temporary defect management area, and a space area in a data area,
the apparatus comprising a device for recording at least one temporary defect list
in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary
defect list is recorded as defect management information for managing the at
least one defective area; and for recording position information as at least one
temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list pointer indicates
at least a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect
management area and the temporary defect list
One or more of these and other objects of the present invention are
further accomplished by An apparatus for managing an optical recording
medium having at least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area
in a data area, the apparatus comprising a device for recording at least one
temporary defect list in a temporary defect management area, wherein the at

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least one temporary defect area list is recorded as defect management
information for managing the at least one defective area; for separately recording
the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for each recording unit of the
temporary defective management area; and for recording position information as
at least one temporary defect list pointer, wherein the temporary defect list
pointer indicates at leaat a position, of the temporary defect list for a respective
recording unit of the temporary defect management area.
Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become
apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be
understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating
preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only,
since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the
invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed
description.
Brief Description of theDrawings
Further objects and advantages of the invention can be more fully
understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates the structure of a rewritable optical disc of the related
art;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and/or reproducing
device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGs. 3A and 3B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO and a
dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an embodiment of the
present invention;

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FIG, 4 illustrates the structure of an optical disc of write once type
according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGs. 5 A and 5B illustrate examples of the structure of TDFL and TDDS
applied to an optical disc of write once type according to the present invention;
FIGs. 6A and 6B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to a first embodiment of the present
invention;
FIGs. 7A and 7B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to a second embodiment of the
present invention;
FIGs, 8A and 8B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to a third embodiment of the present
invention; and
FlGs. 9A and 9B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to a fourth embodiment of the
present invention.
Best mode for Carrying Out the Invention
Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the
present invention, examples of which ere illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an optical disc recording and/or reproducing
device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The optical
disc recording and/or reproducing device 20 (hereinafter optical disc
recording/reproducing device) includes an optical pickup 22 for writing and
reading data to and from an optical recording medium 21, a servo unit 23 for

WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026
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controlling the pickup 22 to maintain a distance between an objective lens of the
pickup 22 and the recording medium 21 and for tracking relevant tracks on the
recording medium 21, a data processor 24 for processing and supplying input
data to the pickup 22 for writing, and for processing data read from, the recording
medium 21, an interface 25 for exchanging data and/or commands with any
external host 30, a memory or storage 27 for storing information and data therein
including defect management data associated with the recording medium 21, and
a microprocessor or controller 26 for controlling the operations and elements of
the recording/reproducing device 20.
Data to be written or read to or from the recording medium 21 may also
be stored in the memory 27. All the components of the recording/reproducing
device 20 are operatively coupled. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the
recording medium 21 is a recording medium of write-once type, e.g., such as a
BD-WO.
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate a structure of a single layer BD-WO and a
dual layer BD-WO optical disc, respectively, according to an embodiment of the
present invention. As shown in FIGS, 3A and 3B, the BD-WO can have one or
two recording layers. In FIG. 3A, a BD-WO having only a single recording
layer (Layer 0) includes a single recording layer composed of a lead-in area
(LIA), a data area, and a lead-out area (LOA), and is referred to herein as a
single layer disc.
In FIG. 3B, a dual layer BD-WO includes two recording layers (Layers 0
and 1) and is referred to hereinafter as a dual layer disc. The first recording
layer (Layer 0) includes a LIA, a data area, and an outer zone. The second
recording layer (Layer 1) includes a LOA, a data area and an outer zone.
Generally a data writing occurs in the direction shown with the dotted arrow in
the dual layer disc. The single layer disc can have a capacity of 23.3, 25.0 or

WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026
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27.0 Gbytes, whereas the dual layer disc can have a capacity of 46.6, 50.0, or
54.0 Gbytes.
It should be noted that all the different embodiments of the present
invention, e.g., various methods discussed hereinafter, are applicable to any type
of an optical disc, such as a single layer BD-WO, a dual layer BD-WO or a BD-
RE. Further, although the use of the recording/reproducing device 20 of FIG. 2
is discussed below in conjunction with the methods of the invention, the
invention is not limited to such and encompasses other recording/reproducing
devices as long as they are configured to implement the present methods. A
detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be provided hereinafter
with reference to an exemplary BD-WO (Blu-ray Disc Write Once).
FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of an optical disc of write once
type, e.g., a BD-WO, and the method of recording disc management information
according to the present invention. The optical disc of write once type of FIG,
4 is a single-layer disc having one recording layer. This optical disc includes
spare areas, e.g., inner and outer spare areas ISA0/OSA0, for recording of
replacement data of a defective area, and one or more TDMAs (Temporary
Defect Management Area) for managing information relating to the defective
area, e.g,, in order to manage a physical defect
In the case of a general rewritable optical disc, data can be repeatedly
written and erased from a DMA (Defect Management Area) even if the DMA
has a limited size, end thus a. DMA of a large size is not required. However, in
the case of an optical disc of write once type, e.g., a BD-WO, an area that has
data recorded thereon cannot be used for recording data again, and a
management area of a larger size is requited with this type of recording medium.
If no former recording is made on the optical disc of write once type, the final or
latest TDMA (Temporary Defect Management Area) information is required to

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be transferred to and recorded in the DMA (Defect Management Area), and thus
it is referred to as the TDMA (Temporary DMA) in distinction from the DMA.
In FIG. 4, a TDMAL is provided in a lead-in area with, a fixed size and a
TDMA2 having a size variable or associated with a size of the respective outer
spare area (OSA0) in which it is provided e.g., as seen in FIGs. 4-5B, P =
(N*256)/4 is provided. The respective TDMA serves to store therein a TDFL
(Temporary Defect List) and a TDDS (Temporary Disc Definition Structure) for
defect management
The TDFL is an entry list containing information for managing a series of
processes for replacement of data in a defective area of the data area in the spare
area. The size of ihe TDFL varies according to the size of the defective area,
e.g., in the case of a single layer disc, the TDFL is prepared with a size of
between 1-4 clusters, and in the case of a dual layer, the TDFL is prepared with,
a size of between 1-8 clusters.
The TDDS may he prepared in the unit of a single cluster, or both the
TDDS and the TDFL are prepared in the unit of a single cluster. The TDDS
includes information for management of the optical disc of write once type and
information relating to the defect management required in the present invention.
The defect management information is information located partially within the
TDFL and the TDDS.
Hereinafter, the detailed contents of 1he TDFL and the TDDS will be
explained with reference to FIGs. 5A and 5B. FIG. 5A illustrates an. example
of the structure of the TDFL. applied to the present invention. The TDFL is
generally divided into three parts; a TDFL header, a defect entry list
(Defect_eatry_List) and an indicator for the termination of the TDFL (TDFL
terminator).

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The TDFL header is at the leading portion of the TDFL and is used for
recognizing the TDFL during defect management The TDFL header includes
a TDFL identifier, a TDFL update count field that increases a count by 1
whenever the TDFL is updated, a field for the number of defect entries that exist
in the corresponding TDFL (number of TDFL entries), and a field containing the
number of entry types (number of first to N-th entry types).
The defect entry list (Defect_entry_List) actually includes the contents
that makeup the TDFL, e.g., the defect entry list is for managing position
information of the defective area and the replacement area for each defective
area in a single entry or location. Each entry is made up of 8 bytes of data, and
the structure of a each entry includes an entry type (status 1), position
information of the defective area (Defective cluster First PSN), and position
information of the replacement area for replacement data (replacement cluster
First PSN) recorded in order within the entry.
The TDFL terminator incudes information that indicates the termination
of the defect entry list (Defect_entry_List). In the case of a dual-layer disc, the
defect entry list (Defect_entry_List) occupies 8 clusters at a maximum, and in
the case of a single-layer disc, the defect entry list CDefect_entry_List) occupies
4 clusters at a maximum.
In FIG. 5B, the TDFL has the same structure as that of FIG. 5A, but the
TDDS is now recorded along with TDFL information, e.g, the TDDS may be
recorded in a different location than the TDFL (as shown in FIG. 5A), and/or
may be recorded in the same cluster along with the TDFL (FIG. 5B).
In the TDDS, a variety of informatiuon may be recorded. However, in a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the TDDS should indude
position information of the latest TDFL (First PSN of latest TDFL), In the
optical disc of write once type, the position in which the latest TDFL is recorded

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is changed whenever the TDFL is updated with respect to the defective area.
Accordingly, it is necessary to manage the latest TDFL position information at
all times. The position in which the latest TDFL is recorded may be referred to
as a TDFL pointer, since it contains information that indicates the position
information of the latest TDFL. However the quantity of latest TDFL position
information may be changed according to the recording method of the TDFL,
which will be explained in greater detail hereinafter.
The term First PSN used in the present invention and shown in the
accompanying figures refers to the first physical sector number of a cluster. In
the case of a BD-WO, the minimum recording unit is defined as one duster, and
since 32 sectors generally exist in a. single cluster, the First PSN refers to the
position information of the leading sector in the corresponding cluster.
Consequently, the First PSN refers to the position information of the
corresponding cluster, e.g., defective cluster First PSN for the first physical
sector number of me defective cluster.
A method of recording a TDFL and a method of recording a TDFL
pointer according to the various embodiments of the present invention will be
explained in greater detail hereinafter, The defect entry list (Defect_entry_List)
is expressed as TDFLl, TDFLlc, TDFL21, TDFL32, etc, to assist in the
following description of FIGs. 6A-6B. TDFLl refers to entries prepared at the
first stage (stagel), and TDFLlc refers to TDFLl after it has been cumulatively
recorded. TDFL21 refers to first entries prepared at the second stage (stage2),
and TDFL32 refers to second entries prepared at the third stage (stage3).
The TDFL terminator has been omitted in FIGs. 6A and 6B to reduce the
complexity of these figures, and the latest TDFL position information (TDFL
pointer) recorded in the TDDS is expressed as P1, P2, P3, , , respectively.
Also, the cluster that is the recording unit is illustrated with a thick solid line to

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more prominently mark the contents of the TDMA.
FIGs. 6A and 6B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to the fiist embodiment of the
present invention. According to the method of managing defect information
according to the first embodiment of the present invention as shown, in. FIG. 6A,
tie latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded, cumulatively with the previous TDFL.
Accordingly, only one TDFL header and one TDFL pointer are used with respect
to the TDFL of the camulatively repeated 1-4 clusters (or 1 - 8 clusters),
respectively. The TDFL header and the TDFL are recorded and managed in the
unit of single cluster. In the case of a single layer (SL) disc, the size of the
TDFL varies from 1 cluster to 4 clusters and in the case of a double layer (DL)
disc, the size of the TDFL varies from 1 to 8 clusters.
At the first stage (stagel), a part of the TDFL information, a TDFL
headerl and a TDFLl are recorded in a single cluster in the exemplary sequence
shown. In the TDDS, information (TDDS 1) that indicates the position of the
latest defect management information is recorded. In FIG. 6A, the information
that indicates the position of the latest defect management information, e.g., the
TDLF pointer is expressed as P1 as described above. The position information
indicated by this pointer is the first PSN, i.e., address of the corresponding
cluster. For example, in FIG, 6A, the pointer P1 indicates the position of the
TDFLheaderl.
At the second stage (stage2) shown in FIG. 6A, TDFL21 and TDFL22
are further recorded during an update operation. The defect management
information is recorded in a once-iecordable state in the recording unit of a
single cluster on the disc. During the recording of the defect management
information at the second stage stage2, TDFL21 and TDFL22 (corresponding to
new TDFL information obtained during the present update operation), and the

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previously recorded TDFL information (TDFL1c that is identical to TDFLl), are
recorded along with, the corresponding TDFL headed and TDDS2. That is, the
TDFL information is cumulatively recorded at each update stage along with any
new TDFL informastion. The second. stage (stage 2) refers to the recording
method in the case that the list information of the defect management area
exceeds a single cluster, but is less than 2 clusters. For example, TDFL
header2 + TDFLlc + TDFL21 equals a single cluster in size. Therefore, when
the TDFL22 is recorded this TDFL occupies a partial area of the second
successive cluster, and TDFL beader2 contains the contents of the TDFLlc,
TDFL21 and TDFL22. The pointer value recorded in the TDDS2 shows that
the latest defect information position P2- is recorded, the PSN of TDFL Header 2.
Since the defect management information is cumulatively recorded, only the
latest PSN is necessary as a pointer. In this embodiment, only one TDPL
header and one TDDS having the TDFL pointer are generated and recorded at
every stage.
In each stage, a sorting to sort the existing TDBLs can he performed.
The sorting can be done based on certain, predetermined criteria. For instance,
the TDFLs can be sorted first based on status 1 (see FIG. 5B) and can be further
sorted based on the first PSN of the TDFL. Obviously other criteria can be
used.
The defect management information after a sorting has been performed is
shown as an exampls at the third stage (stage 3). Here, the defect management
information is sorted according to the PSN of the TDFL entry and based on the
TDFL entry type (status 1). From a viewpoint of the second stage (stage 2), the
sorting is performed under the assumption that a new TDFL entry is produced to
be included in a P2x position.
If a new TDFL entry to be recorded is produced, the new TDFL should

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to recorded by reflecting the list information of the defective area sorted
according to the sorting rule as described above. The third stage (stage 3)
shows this. Since all the information of TDFLlc, TDFL21 and TDFL22 are
changed through sorting by the P2x, the changed defect management area list
information is recorded as the TDFL31, TDFL32, etc. and for TDFL header3
corresponding to the TDFL31, TDFL32, etc. is recorded in the lead of the
corresponding information.
In the TDDS3, the position information P3 of the latest defect
management information is recorded. The TDFL31 occupies a single cluster,
and the TDFL32 occupies less than a single cluster, following the TDFL31.
Accordingly, at the third stage, the defective area management information
exceeds a single cluster, but is less than 2 clusters.
In summary, according to the method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to the first embodiment of the
present invention, the TDFL is cumulatively recorded in the recording unit of a
single cluster whenever it is updated. The TDDS then expresses the position of
the latest defect management information (TDFL) with one pointer only. Also,
in the case that the defect management information is changed according to a
sorting rule, it can adaptively cope with such a change.
In FIG, 6A, the TDFL header has the information that indicates the
number of clusters currently used. This means that a flag for representing how
many clusters are used for representing the defect management area list can be
employed since the size of the defect management information is variable. It is
also possible to record the information for representing the number of clusters
currently used in not only the TDFL header, but also the TEDS.
FIG. 6B shows a table that represents the change of the TDFL pointer by
stages according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first

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embodiment, it can be recognized that only one pointer is required for each stage.
FIGs. 7A and 7B illustrate a method of managing defect information cm
an optical disc of write once type according to the second embodiment of the
present invention. According to the method of managing defect information
according to the second embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG.
7A, the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with the previous
TBFL. Therefore, only one TDFL header and one TPFL pointer are used for
each cluster with respect to the TDFL of the cumulatively repeated 1- 4 clusters
(or 1 - 8 clusters). The TDFL recorded for each stage is the same as that in the
first embodiment
In the second embodiment, one TDFL pointer is used for the
corresponding cluster with respect to the TDFL size that increases by stages.
Accordingly, even if a defect is identified during the recording of the cluster
indicated by TDFL pointer P3 at the second stage (stage2), the defect is
overcome through re-recording of only the cluster corresponding to that defect,
i.e., the cluster including or beginning with TDFL22, The pointer can be
changed to point to the re-recorded area. If it is re-recorded, the defect can be
overcome through the change of only the pointer indicated by P3. Thus, the
TDMA required for the preparation of the TDFL can be reduced,
FIG, 7E shows a table that represents, the change of the pointer of the
TDFL as the TDFL is updated by stages according to the second embodiment of
the present invention. In the second embodiment, eight pointers may be
required at maximum, and pointers that were not used at the respective stages are
set to zero. In this example, the first TDFL pointer points to the P1 location, P2
location and P4 location at stages 1, 2, 3, respectively. The second TDFL
pointer points to P3 and P4 locations at stages 2 and 3, respectively. The
second TDFL pointer can indicate a pointer change form the first or previous

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TDFL pointer location, which may be due to the re-recording of certain cluster
due to a defect as discussed above.
FIGs. 8A and 8B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to the third embodiment of the
present invention. According to the method of managing defect information
according to the third embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG- 8A,
the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with the previous TDFL in
a single cluster, but the TDFL is also separately recorded for each cluster, and
position information of the latest TDEL is recorded in each recorded duster in
the TDDS.
At the first stage (stage l), it is assumed that the TDFL headerl and the
TDFLl are recorded in a single cluster, in the TDDS, information that
indicates the position of the latest TDFL; is recorded, and in FIG, 8A, this is
expressed as P1. The position information indicated by this pointer is the first
PSN of this cluster, i.e, address of the corresponding cluster in the optical disc
structure. In FIG. SA, the pointer P1 indicates the first position of the TDFL
headerl. In the case of a SL disc, the recording unit, e.g., 1 cluster, of the
defect management information may the varied from 1 cluster to 4 clusters, and
thus 4 pointers are required, In the case of a DL disc, the recording unit of the
defect management information may be varied up to 8 clusters, and up to 8
pointers are required.
At the second stage (stage 2) in FIG. 8A, new TDFL21 and TDFL 22 are
further recorded along with the cumulative recording of previous TDFLs (which
is represented as TDFL1c) during an update operation. The defect management
information is recorded in a once-recordable state in the recording unit of a
single cluster on the optical disc of write once type. During the recordation of
the defect managemeat information at the second stage (stage 2), new TDFL21

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and TDFL22, and the cumulative TDFLlc that is identical to TDFL1, are
recorded along with the corresponding TDFL header 2 and TDFL header 3 and
TDDS2.
The second stage (stage 2) refers to the recording method in the case that
the list information of the defect management area exceeds a single cluster; but
is less than 2 clusters. For example, the TDFL header 2 + TDFLlc + TDEL21
equals a single cluster of data, and the TDFL22 is therefore recorded occupying
only a partial area of the second successive cluster. The corresponding TDFL
header 3 is recorded, and the pointer value recorded in the TDDS2 shows that the
latest defect information positions are recorded and identified by TDFL pointers
P2 and P3.
At the third stage (stage 3), new TDFL31 and TDFL32 are further
recorded along with the cumulative recording of previous TDFLs (which. is.
represented as TDFL22cc) during the update operation. The defect
management information is recorded in a single recording in the recording unit
of a single cluster on the optical, disc of write once type as described above.
During the recordation of the defect management information at the third stage
(stage3), TDFL31 and TDFL32, an the cumulative TDFL22c that is identical to
TDFL22, are recorded along with the corresponding TDFL header 4, TDFL
header 5 and TDDS3, The TDFL header 2, the corresponding TDFLlc and the
TDFL21 are not newly recorded, but information that indicates their position P2
is recorded in the TDDS3, so that an unnecessary, repetitive recording is
prevented. Therefore, the recording area of the disc is efficiently used and
available space for defect management and recording is increased.
If the TD7L22C, TDFL31 and TDFL32 information exceeds a single
cluster, but is less than 2 clusters, i.e., the combination of TDFL header 4 +
TDFL22c + TDFL31 equals a single cluster, the TDFL32 is recorded occupying

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a partial area of the second successive cluster along with the corresponding
TDFL header 5. The pointer value recorded in the TDDS3 shows that the latest
defect information positions P2, P4 and. P5 are recorded at stage 3.
The latest TDFL information can be obtained using P2, P4 and P5, e.g.,
the positions of the latest defect management information recorded in the
TDDS3. The TDFL header 2, TDFLlc and TDFL21 information can be
obtained using the P2 position information indicated by the first TDFL pointer,
and the TDFL header 4, TDFL22c and TDFL31 information can be obtained
using the P4 position information mdicated by the second TDFL pointer. The
TDEL header5 and TDPL32 inf ormation can be obtained using the P5 position
information indicated by the third TDFL pointer.
As discussed in the previous embodiment, a sorting can be performed to
sort TDFLs in some order at each stage, for example, at the fourth stage
(stage 4), the defect management information after the sorting is performed is
shown. Here, the defect management information is sorted according to the
PSN of the TDFL entry and based on the TDFL entry type (status 1). From a
viewpoint of the third stage (stage 3), the sorting is performed raider the
assumption that a new TDFL entry is produced to be included in the P2x
position.
Since all the information of TDFLlc, TDFL2l, TDFL22c, TDFL31 and
TDFL32 are changed through sorting by the P2x the changed TDFL
information is recorded as the TDFL41, TDFL42 and TDFL42, and the
corresponding TDFL header 6, TDFL header7 and TDFL header 8 are recorded
along with a new TDDS4. Here, in the TDDS4, P6, P7 and P8 which is a
position information of the latest defect management information is recorded.
The TDFL header 6 and the TDFL41 occupy a single cluster, the TDFL header 7
and the TDFL42 oqcupy a single cluster; and the TDFL header8 and the

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TDFL43 occupy less than a single cluster. Accordingly, at the fourth stage, the
defective area management information exceeds two cluster but is less than
three clusters.
In summary, according to the method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to the third embodiment of the
present invention, the TDFL header and the TDFL are recorded in the recording
unit of a single cluster whenever the TDFL is updated. If the TDDS expresses
the position of the latest defect management information, and the recording is
performed in excess of a single cluster, repeated recordings are minimized using
the information that represents the position of the latest defect management
information, and the latest defect management information can be efficiently and
promptly obtained.
Meanwhile, in FIG. 8A, the defect management information may be
obtained when the corresponding header has information with respect to the
corresponding TDFL contents. Alternatively, the defect management
information may be obtained when the latest TDFL header includes all of the
TDFL information. For example, at the second stage (stage2), the TDFL
header 2 only has information with respect to the contenis of the TDFL1C and
TDFL21, and the TDFL header 3 only has information on the contents of the
TDFL22. Therefore, all the information related to the corresponding defective
area can be obtained by processing all entry information of all the headers
indicated by the position of the latest defect management information.
However, the TDFL header 5 includes information on the entire contents
of the TDFLlc, TDFL21, TDFL22c, TDFL31, and TDFL32. In this case, all
the information relating to the entire defective area can be obtained by the
contents of only the latest TDFL header,
In FIG. 8A, the TDFL header also has information that indicates the

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number of clusters currently used. A flag for representing how many clusters
are used in representing the defect management area list can be employed.
Sines the size of the defect ntanagement information is variable, this flag can be
particularly helpful. It is also possible to record information representing the
number of clusters currently used, in not ooly the TDFL header, but also in the
TDDS.
FIG. 8B shows an example of table that represents the change of the
TDFL pointers by stages according to the third embodiment of the present
information. In the third embodiment, eight pointers are required at a maximum,
and the pointers that are not -used at the respective stages are set to zero. The
concept of FIG, 8B is identical to that of FIG. 7B and thus is not discussed in
further detail hereinafter.
FIGs. 9A and 9B illustrate a method of managing defect information on
an optical disc of write once type according to the fourth embodiment of the
present invention. According to the method of managing defect information
according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG.
9A, the latest TDFL is repeatedly recorded cumulatively with, the previous
TDFL in one cluster. However, the TDFL is separately recorded for each
cluster, and position information of the latest TDFL is recorded in each recorded
cluster in the TDDS. In comparison to the third or other previous embodiments,
the header that indicates the TDFL is not placed in the leading edge of the TDFL,
but is placed in the TDDS. This can prevent complecated rules for recording
the TDFL header information by recording the TDFL header in the TDDS. In
this configuration a TDFL header may not be needed for each, cluster, but can be
provided once at each update stage. The TDDS is typically composed of 2048
bytes, the TDFL header of about 60 bytes, and the existing TDDS information
usually does not exceed 100 bytes. Accordingly, there is no trouble in

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performing the recording in the TDDS.
FIG, 9B shows an example of a table that represents the change of the
pointer of the TDFL by stages according to the fourth embodiment of the present
invention. In the fourth embodiment, eight pointers are required at a maximum
in the same manner as the third embodiment, and the pointers that are not used at
the respective stages are set to zero.
XXX XXX
As described above, a unified standard of management for defect
information is disclosed.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications
and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the
spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention
cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come
within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

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What Is claimed Is:
1. A method for managing an optical recording medium having at least
one defective area in a user data area, said method comprising:
recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect
management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect list is recorded as
defect management information for managing the at least one defective area; and
recording position information as at least one temporary defect list
pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of
the most recent temporary defect list in the temporal defect management area
and the temporary defect list.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optical recording
medium is a write-once optical disc.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the write-once optical disc
is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a recording size of the
temporary defect list is at least one cluster.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the recording size of the
temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein, the BD-WO optical disc is a
single layer BD-WO.

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7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the BD-WO optical disc is a
dual layer BD-WO.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list
pointer contains a single physical sector number irrespective of the size of the
temporary defect list.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list
pointer contains a single physical sector number for each cluster in which the
temporary defect list is recorded.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list
has a recording size of at least one cluster, and the temporary defect list further
includes information that indicates the number of clusters currently used.
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary defect list
includes a header for identifying the corresponding temporary defect list.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein a single header is
provided unrespective of the size of the temporary defect list
13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a
previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area.
14. A method for managing an optical recording medium having at least
one defective area in a user data area, said method comprising:

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recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary defect
management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is recorded
as defect management information for managing the at least one defective area;
separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate defect lists for
each recording unit of the temporary defective management area; and
recording position information as at least one temporary defect list
pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of
the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary defect
management area.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the optical recording
medium is a write-once optical disc.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the write-once optical
disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein a recording size of the
temporary defect list is at least one cluster.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the recording size of the
temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the BD-WO optical disc
is a single layer BD-WO.
20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the BD-WO optical disc
is a dual layer BD-WO.

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21. The method according to claim 14, wherein the temporary defect list
includes a header for identifying the temporary defect list.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein a single header is
provided inrespective of the size of the temporary defect list
23. The method according to claim 14, wherein a header for identifying
the temporary defect list is recorded in a temporary disc definition structure
(TDDS) area of the temporary defective management area.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the header is not provided
for each cluster unit.
25. The method according to claim 14, further comprising:
recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with a
previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area in a
single recording unit.
26. A recording medium comprising;
a user data area within a data area;
a temporary defect management area for recording defect management
information, wherein the defect management information is provided for
managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data
area of the recording medium;
a first defect management area being provided in the temporary defect
management area; and

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a second defect management area being provided in the temporary defect
management area for recording position information that indicates a position of
the most recent defect list
27. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first area
for defect management and the second area for defect management are recorded
together in the same recording unit.
28. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first defect
management area is a temporary defect list (TDFL),
29. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the second
defect management area is a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS).
30. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the optical
recording medium is a write-once optical disc
31. The recording medium, according to claim 30, wherein the write-once
optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc.
32. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein a recording
size of the temporary defect list is at least one cluster.
33. The recording medium according to claim 32, wherein the recording
size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight clusters.
34. The recording medium according to claim 31, wherein the BD-WO

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optical disc is a single layer BD-WO.
35. The recording medium according to claim 31, wherein the BD-WO
optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO.
36. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the temporary
defect list includes a header for identifying the temporary defect list.
37. The recording medium according to claim 26, wherein the first defect
management area is for recording the most recent temporary defect list
cumulatively with a previous defect list as the defect management information.
38. A recording medium comprising:
a user data area within a data area;
a temporary defect management area for recording defect management
information, wherein the defect management information is provided for
managing replacement data of at least one defective area within the user data
area of the recording medium;
a temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area, wherein
the temporary defect list is recorded as defect management information for
managing the at least one defective area; and
at least one temporary defect list pointer containing position information,
wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position of the most
recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area.
39. The recording medium according to claim 38, wherein the optical
recording medium is a write-once optical disc.

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40. The recording medium according to claim 39, wherein the write-once
optical disc is a Blu-ray Write-Once (BD-WO) optical disc.
41. The recording medium according to claim 39, wherein, a recording
size of the temporary defect list is at least out cluster.

42. The recording medium according to claim 41, wherein the recording
size of the temporary defect list ranges from one cluster to eight cheers.
43. The recording medium according to claim 40, wherein the BD-WO
optical disc is a single layer BD-WO.

44. The recording medium according to claim 40, wherein the BD-WO
optical disc is a dual layer BD-WO.
45. The recording medium according to claim 38, wherein the temporary
defect list pointer contains a single physical sector number irrespective of the
size of the temporary defect list.
46. The recording medium according to claim 38; wherein the temporary
defect list painter contains a single physical sector number for each cluster in
which the temporary defect list is recorded
47. The recording medium according to claim 33, wherein the most
recent temporary defect list is cumulatively recorded with a previous temporary
defect list in the temporary defect management area.

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48. An apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at
least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area in a data area, said
apparatus comprising:
means for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary
defect management area wherein the at least one temporary defect list is
recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one
defective area; and
means for recording position information as at least one temporary defect
list pointer, wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position
of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management
area and the temporary defect list
49. The apparatus for claim 48, further comprising:
means for recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively
with a previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area.
50. An apparatus for managing an optical recording medium having at
least one temporary defect management area, and a spare area in a data area, said
apparatus comprising:
means for recording at least one temporary defect list in a temporary
defect management area, wherein the at least one temporary defect area list is
recorded as defect management information for managing the at least one
defective area;
means for separately recording the temporary defect lists as separate
defect lists for each recording unit of the temporary defective management area;
and

WO 2004/068476 PCT/KR2003/002026
31
means for recording position information as at least one temporary defect
list pointer wherein said temporary defect list pointer indicates at least a position
of the temporary defect list for a respective recording unit of the temporary
defect management area.
51. The apparatus for claim 50, further comprising;
means for recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively
with a previous temporary defect list is the teropatary defect management area
in a single recording unit

An optical disc of write once type a method and an apparatus of an managing detect information optical disc of write once type, e.g a BD WO are provided with a temporary detect barrengement areas (TDMA). The method include preparing the temporary defect management area (TDMA) in which a temporary defect list (TDFL) is recorded as defected managment information for managing a defecting area of the optical disc recording the most recent temporary detect list cumulatively with the previous temporary detect list in the temporary defect management area and recording position information the indicating a position of the most resents temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area along with along with the temporary detect list to more effectively manage the temporary detect list.

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Patent Number

259544

Indian Patent Application Number

1371/KOLNP/2005

PG Journal Number

12/2014

Publication Date

21-Mar-2014

Grant Date

17-Mar-2014

Date of Filing

15-Jul-2005

Name of Patentee

LG ELECTORNICS INC.,

Applicant Address

20, YOIDO-DONG, YOUNGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL 150-721, REPUBLIC OF KOREA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	PARK YONG CHEOL	215-204, JUGONG APT, WONMUN-DONG, GWACHON-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 427-030 REPUBLIC OF KOREA
2	KIM SUNG DAE	1110-1406, JUGONG APT, SANBON1(IL)-DONG, GUNPO-SI, GYEONGGI-DO 435-746, REPUBLIC OF KOREA

PCT International Classification Number

G11B 7/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/KR2003/002026

PCT International Filing date

2003-10-01

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	10-2003-0008564	2003-02-11	Republic of Korea
2	10-2003-0005214	2003-01-27	Republic of Korea
3	10-2003-0020386	2003-04-01	Republic of Korea
4	10-2003-0037618	2003-06-11	Republic of Korea