Title of Invention

AN IMPROVED LEAD ACID BATTERY FOR SOLAR POWER SYSTEM

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lead-acid battery (Fig. 1) comprising an arrangements of Electrodes and Electrical Connections (Numeral 10 to 14), Tubular Positive Electrode Plates (Numeral 2), antimony free Grid, Fastening Means, Envelop type Separators for housing, Tubular Negative Electrode Plates (Numeral 1 & 3) Cells of the battery (Numeral 4 to 9) Filters (Numeral 17 to 22) and H2SO4 as electrolyte in a standard Container wherein the said Electrode Plate is preferably made up of Lead Peroxide (pbo2) and Tubular Negative Electrode Plates is preferably made up of pure Lead or Sponge Lead (pb) wherein Dynaflock is used as Fastening Means for fastening the material together and wherein Envelop type Separators are used for housing the Tubular Positive Electrode Plates for recollecting the active material and wherein the size and weight of the said Negative Electrodes is made equal to the positive electrode which results in increase in charging and discharging life cycle and thereby increases the energy and Ampere-hour rating of the battery with the Cells of Battery having voltage rating of 2.1 V for each cell are used and wherein Filter allows the vapours of H2 SO4 and air to interact to form the waters (H2O), which in turns maintain the quantity of electrolyte and destroys the acidic smell in and around the device and also provide cooling effect by reducing the temperature inside the battery and all this fitting in Container which is deeper than the standard battery containers so as to enable to recollect the loss of active material in case of damaged separator which avoids short-circuiting of electrodes with each other and whereby the volume of electrolyte is also increased.

Full Text

FORM - 2 THE PATENTS ACT. 1970 (39 of 1970) COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (Section 10, rule 13) "An Improved Lead Acid Battery for Solar Power System' Shri Gaianan Invention and Advanced Research Centre A division of SSGM College of Engineering with office at SSGM College of Engineering, Shegaon, Dist. Buldhana 444 203, Maharashtra, India. an organization constituted under the Maharashtra State Universities Act, THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE NATURE OF THE INVENTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED: - FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to Lead Acid batteries/high energy storage device used in solar power system. More particularly, the present invention relates to high energy storage device with an increased charging and discharging capabilities with reduction of charging time. Even more particularly, the present invention relates to high energy storage device in which short-circuiting of electrodes in longer duration of operation are minimized with enveloping the electrodes in specific manner. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Lead Acid batteries are commonly used in solar power system to store energy. General Lead Acid batteries suffers from the drawbacks of short life, less charging and discharging capabilities, loss of electrolyte due to heavy heating during charging, discharging and overload, loss of active material from electrodes. This invention discloses method and design of newly designed Lead-Acid batteries especially for solar power applications which aimed at increased charging and discharging capabilities with reduction of charging time, reduction in loss of electrolyte and active material. Higher ampere-hour ratings are also obtained with this technology. Puerility of Lead is maintained for better performance of energy storage bank. Removal of antimony in the electrode plates provides added advantage in reduction of active material loss. Short-circuiting of electrodes in longer duration of operation are minimized with enveloping the electrodes wherein the envelope is made up PVC 2 material thereby arresting the active material from falling into the Container and causing short circuiting. This acts as double protection from the active material falling into the Container. Special container is designed to achieve the above characteristics and also reliability of system. PRIOR ART US Patent no.:5348817 describe a bipolar lead acid is disclosed in which a conductive metal substrate is used for the bipolar plates which may comprise either a multi-layer metallic substrate defined as C/A/B/D, layer C having a layer of positive active material adhered thereto and layer D having a layer of negative active material adhered thereto, C can be lead or lead alloy or a tin, and D is lead a lead alloy or tin, or conductive metal substrate-fiber or mesh composite in which the fiber may be glass fibers or the like. A preferred embodiment provides a bipolar lead acid battery having enhanced capacity by utilizing a central bi negative or bi positive plate so that the capacity can be increased the size of the plates. US Patent No.: 20030106205 discussed a composition and plate making process for a lead acid battery for reducing active material shrinkage in negative battery plates. A polymer is mixed with lead oxide, water, an expander and sulfuric acid to form negative paste composition comprising the expander and basic lead sulfate crystals with the polymer absorbed on the crystal surfaces. The paste having the polymer addition is then pasted onto a grid where the paste is dried, cured and reacted to form a negative battery plate of the acid battery. The negative battery plate comprises a sponge lead negative active mass that exhibits less shrinkage by virtue of the polymer addition. 3 US Patent No. 20070141465, It is an object of the present invention to provide a lead acid battery, which generates a higher power than the conventional lead acid battery does. To this end, the lead acid battery of the present invention is characterized in that electrodes are formed, each of the electrodes having a structure in which a metallic powder is disorderly distributed, the metallic powder being composed of a metallic lead powder or a lead alloy powder containing lead as a main element of composition. In the lead acid battery, a charge collection network of metallic powder containing lead is formed. As a result, the acid battery generates a higher power than the conventional lead acid battery does. In US Patent No: 6232017, an electrode grid for use in a lead acid battery comprising a reticulate part made of an organic or inorganic compound and not having a lead coating applied thereto, and an electricity leading part made of lead alloy and provided on the reticulate part. This structure reduces the weight of the electrode and increases energy density per weight of the lead acid battery. US Patent No: 6232016 discloses battery terminal for attachment lead acid batteries, which includes a metallic connector terminal encased in the battery top cover, which terminal receives an upstanding post from the battery cells, which post is joined to the connector by molten lead therein thorough an opening in the top cover, after which a snap in cover is provided to seal the opening for the encased terminal. US Patent No: 20070190426 is about separator for a lead acid battery enabling the lead acid battery to infallibly have a predetermined capacity after the initial charging and a 4 prolonged service life by limiting the maximum quantity of reducing substance liberated or produced from the separator at or below a given level. The separator for a lead acid battery comprising a porous membrane made mainly from a polyolefin resin, an inorganic powder and a mineral oil and containing a surface active agent as an auxiliary material, characterized in that the amount of any reducing substance liberated or eluted after 24 hours of electrolysis carried out at about 25. degree C. with a direct current of 1.2 A by using an electrolytic cell composed of the porous membrane, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and diluted sulfuric acid is 1.0 ml or less per 100 cm sup 2 when calculated from the consumption of a (1/100) N potassium permanganate solution per 100 cm. Sup. 2 of the porous membrane. In US Patent No: 20050089750, an apparatus and method provides cooling for electrochemical cells of an energy storage device. A number of electrochemical cells are arranged in a spaced apart relationship, each having opposing first and second planar surfaces and being subject to volumetric changes during charge and discharge cycling. A cooling bladder provides temperature control for the energy storage device. The cooling bladder is formed of a conformable thermally conducting material and includes inlet and outlet ports. The cooling bladder conforms to maintain contact with at least the first planar surface of each cell during volumetric changes of the cells. A heat transfer medium passes between the inlet and outlet ports of the cooling bladder to control an operating temperature of the cells. The cooling can be pressurized to maintain the cells of the energy storage device in a state of compression during charge and discharge cycling. It is clear from the above prior art that any current balancing scheme must fulfills both requirements of voltage balancing and load balancing simultaneously and such a goal is 5 achieved by the proposed invention which provides scheme which is inexpensive and offeres the simplest possible optionlo solve the problem. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The object of this invention is to provide a high energy storage device for solar power applications with increased charging and discharging capabilities. Another object of this invention is to provide a high energy storage device with reduction of charging time thereby causing reduction in loss of electrolyte and active material. Another object of this invention is to provide a high energy storage device in which Puerility of Lead is maintained for better performance of energy storage bank. Another object of this invention is to provide a high energy storage device minimizing the short-circuiting of electrodes in longer duration of operation by enveloping the electrodes in specific manner. 6 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A battery consists of number of cells and each cell of the battery consists of (a) positive and negative plates (b) separators (c) electrolyte, all contained in one of the many compartments of battery container. The substances of cell which take active part in chemical relation or produce electricity during charging and discharging are known as active materials of the cell. The active material of a preferred lead acid are- 1. Lead peroxide(PbO2) for positive plate 2. Sponge lead (Pb) for negative plate 3. Dilute sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as electrolyte The charging and discharging of the cell can be represented by single reversible equation given below: PbO2+2H2SO4+Pb==PbSO4+2H20+PbSO4 For discharge, the equation should be read from left to right and for charging from right to left. The preferred lead acid cell is free from antimony, as antimony is used for hardening effect only. As solar power system is static system hence some mechanical strength can be sacrificed or can be improved with the other ways. Due to presence of antimony in conventional batteries, it promotes the following reaction 5PbO2+2Sb+6H2SO4==(SbO2)2SO4+5PbSO4+6H2O Hence removes active material slowly and in absence of antimony, the ampere-hour rating of device increases and loss of electrolyte is reduced. The mechanical strength reduced due lack of antimony is acquired again by increasing size of electrode and constructing it tubular form. 7 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig.l - Provides the layout for the arrangements of plates and electrical connections. Numeral 1,1',1 ",1,u, 1IV, 1v and 3,31,311,3,",3,V,3V represents the Tubular Negative Electrode plates made up of pure lead /sponge lead (pb). Numeral 2, 2I,2,II,2III,2IV,2V represents the Tubular Positive Electrode Plates. Numeral 4 to 9: represent the cells of the battery, which is having voltage rating 2.1 V for each cell Numeral 10 to 14: electrical-connection of cell to obtain proper voltage and ampere-hours Numeral 15: Positive terminal Numeral 16: Negative terminal Numeral 17 to 22: filters DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Fig.l shows the layout for the arrangements of electrodes and electrical connections of one cell Blocks 2,2I,211,2III,2IV,2V represents the tubular positive electrode plates. The material used to construct these electrode plates is lead peroxide (pbo2), and grid is made free from the antimony. Red oxide is used to provide fast charging capability of battery. For fastening of material together, Dynaflock is used as agent. Envelop type separators are used for housing the positive electrode plates and for recollecting the active material. These Envelopes are made up of PVC material which does not let the active material to fall into the container thereby causing short circuit. 8 Similarly Numerals 1,1', 1n, 1'", 1,v, 1v and 3,3,,3I,,3,,,,3,V,3V represents the tubular negative electrode plates made up of pure lead /sponge lead (pb). The size and weight of these -ve electrodes is made equal to the positive electrode, due to this charging and discharging life cycle get increased and increases the energy and Ampere-hour rating of the battery. Numerals 4,5,6,7,8 and 9 represent the cells of the battery, which is having voltage rating 2.1 V for each cell. Depth of container is made slightly higher than the other standard containers available to recollect the loss of active material in case of damaged separator and which avoids short-circuiting of electrodes with each other volume of electrolyte is also get increased. Numerals 10,11,12, 13 and 14 shows the electrical connection of cell to obtain proper voltage and ampere-hours. The cells are connected in series. Numerals 15 and 16 represents positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively. Numerals 17,18,19,20,21, and 22 are filters, which allows the vapours of H2 S04 and air to interact to form the waters (H2O), which maintain the quantity of electrolyte and destroys the acidic smell in and around the device and also provide cooling effect by reducing the temperature inside the battery. One sides charging and discharging of electrodes is preferred, which in turn increase life of system. H2SO4 is used as electrolyte with high gravity possible, suitable for environmental condition. 9 We Claim, 1. A lead-acid battery comprising an arrangements of Electrodes and Electrical Connections, Tubular Positive Electrode plates, antimony free Grid, Fastening Means, Envelop type Separators for housing, Tubular Negative Electrode Plates, Cells of the battery, Filters and H2SO4 as electrolyte in a standard Container. 2. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Electrode Plate is preferably made up of Lead Peroxide (pbo2). 3. A Lead Acid Battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein Dynaflock is used as Fastening Means for fastening the material together. 4. A Lead Acid Battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Separators are Envelop type Separators used for housing the Tubular Positive Electrode Plates for recollecting the active material made up of PVC. 5. A Lead Acid Battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Tubular Negative Electrode Plates is preferably made up of pure Lead or Sponge Lead (pb). 6. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size and weight of the said Negative Electrodes is made equal to the positive electrode which results in increase in charging and discharging life cycle and thereby increases the energy and Ampere-hour rating of the battery. 7. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Cells of Battery has voltage rating of 2.1 V for each cell. 8. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim, 1, wherein the said Filter allows the vapours of H2 SO4 and air to interact to form the waters (H2O), which in turns maintain the quantity of electrolyte and destroys the acidic smell in and around the device and also provide cooling effect by reducing the temperature inside the battery. 9. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of said Container is made slightly higher than the standard containers available to recollect the loss of active material in case of damaged separator which avoids short-circuiting of electrodes with each other and whereby the volume of electrolyte is also increased. 10. A Lead acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Red oxide is used to provide fast charging capability of battery. ABSTRACT The present invention discloses a lead-acid battery (Fig. 1) comprising an arrangements of Electrodes and Electrical Connections (Numeral 10 to 14), Tubular Positive Electrode Plates (Numeral 2), antimony free Grid, Fastening Means, Envelop type Separators for housing, Tubular Negative Electrode Plates (Numeral 1 & 3) Cells of the battery (Numeral 4 to 9) Filters (Numeral 17 to 22) and H2SO4 as electrolyte in a standard Container wherein the said Electrode Plate is preferably made up of Lead Peroxide (pbo2) and Tubular Negative Electrode Plates is preferably made up of pure Lead or Sponge Lead (pb) wherein Dynaflock is used as Fastening Means for fastening the material together and wherein Envelop type Separators are used for housing the Tubular Positive Electrode Plates for recollecting the active material and wherein the size and weight of the said Negative Electrodes is made equal to the positive electrode which results in increase in charging and discharging life cycle and thereby increases the energy and Ampere-hour rating of the battery with the Cells of Battery having voltage rating of 2.1 V for each cell are used and wherein Filter allows the vapours of H2 SO4 and air to interact to form the waters (H2O), which in turns maintain the quantity of electrolyte and destroys the acidic smell in and around the device and also provide cooling effect by reducing the temperature inside the battery and all this fitting in Container which is deeper than the standard battery containers so as to enable to recollect the loss of active material in case of damaged separator which avoids short-circuiting of electrodes with each other and whereby the volume of electrolyte is also increased.

Documents:

2275-MUM-2007-ABSTRACT(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-mum-2007-abstract.doc

2275-mum-2007-abstract.pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CLAIMS(MARKED COPY)-(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-mum-2007-claims.doc

2275-mum-2007-claims.pdf

2275-mum-2007-correspondence(1-11-2007).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CORRESPONDENCE(23-7-2010).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CORRESPONDENCE(23-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CORRESPONDENCE(25-7-2008).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CORRESPONDENCE(3-7-2013).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-CORRESPONDENCE(30-7-2012).pdf

2275-mum-2007-correspondence-received.pdf

2275-mum-2007-description (complete).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-DRAWING(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-DRAWING(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-mum-2007-drawings.pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 1(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 13(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 2(TITLE PAGE)-(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-mum-2007-form 2(title page)-(19-11-2007).pdf

2275-mum-2007-form 26(1-11-2007).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 26(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 26(23-7-2010).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 26(25-7-2008).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 26(30-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 3(23-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-FORM 5(23-7-2012).pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-1.pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-18.pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-2.doc

2275-mum-2007-form-2.pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-26.pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-3.pdf

2275-mum-2007-form-9.pdf

2275-MUM-2007-MARKED COPY(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-OTHER DOCUMENT(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT(13-7-2012).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-REPLY TO HEARING(14-11-2013).pdf

2275-MUM-2007-SPECIFICATION(AMENDED)-(13-7-2012).pdf

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