Title of Invention	A GASIFIER WITH CONCENTRIC CONE REACTOR FOR PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS FROM BIOMASSES AND COAL
Abstract	An Improved gasifier for converting the solid biomass to gaseous fuel with maximum calorific value for producer gas comprising An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass in/et point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor. A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor. Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air. _ Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the Diomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement. Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization.

Title of Invention

A GASIFIER WITH CONCENTRIC CONE REACTOR FOR PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS FROM BIOMASSES AND COAL

Abstract

An Improved gasifier for converting the solid biomass to gaseous fuel with maximum calorific value for producer gas comprising An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass in/et point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor. A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor. Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air. _ Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the Diomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement. Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization.

Full Text	Following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner it is to be performed. 4. DESCRIPTION The invention relates to improved gasifier for converting the solid biomasses to gaseous fuel called producer gas with maximum calorific value with less of tar and particulars comprising A circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor. A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor. Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air. Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the biomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement. Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization. PRIOR ART The scarcity of energy compelled man to look into different energy sources. The technology of production of gaseous fuel from bio residue in an efficient and environmentally benign manner was available since last century. In the ordinary process, Biomass is loaded to chamber and burned with controlled air passage, so as to enable the production of gaseous fuel containing high levels of Carbon monoxide, Hydrogen and Methane .But this process suffers from many flaws. One of the main problems while using this process is that the tar , acids and particles generated during gasification will damage the down stream equipments connected to the gasifier. This invention provides for a process in which the producer gas produced will have very low tar, acid and particles which can be used for thermal applications and on further cleaning and filtering can be used as a fuel for I.C engines. To achieve the said objectives, the process comprises of the following An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor. A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor. Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air. Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the biomasses is cracked, So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement. Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization. The detailed process is given in the drawing First charcoal is fed into the biomass reactor through the top, from the grate up till the air nozzle area. The shape of the reactor is the most important feature of improved gasifier. A circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area will help to improve the gasifier in many ways. j. It will help to have very high self sustained high temperature zone near the air nozzle because of lesser diameter near the air nozzle area, ii. Because of the above any gas passing from top of the reactor will have to pass through this high temperature zone which will in turn gets burned. iii. Since the reactor has a lesser diameter on top and higher diameter at the bottom chances for biomasses chocking is avoided. As the charcoal is fed into the biomass reactor, this forms to a bed which acts as the filter for ash ,tar and particulates. Biomass is fed from the air nozzle area up till the top of the reservoir. Biomass is fired through the fire nozzle. Since the gasifier is under negative pressure attained by the induced draught blower, air is sucked through the air nozzle as well as through the rotary valve. A minimum level indicator in the biomass reservoir chamber so that once the level reaches this minimum level a sensing device gets activated and gives us indication to fill the biomass. Biomass can be filled using a bucked hoist, bucket elevator or can be done manually according to the biomass used and capacity of the gasifier. This controlled supply of air burns the biomass to create a self sustained high temperature zone called reactor zone. The temperature in the reactor zone is so high that the biomass on top of the reactor zone gets heated up and starts devofatisation. Because of the draught from top of the rotary valve, these devolatiles, tar and acids from biomass gets carried to the reactor along with air. In the reactor, this gets cracked which will help to reduce tar in the producer gas thus formed. The rotary valve fixed to the gasifier has following features:- 1. The rotatory valve controls the flow of biomass into the reactor. It enables the level of biomass in the reactor intact. 2 The rotatory valve also controls the flow of air into the reactor. 3 It enables an automatic packing of biomass in the reactor avoiding void spaces between biomasses which in turn will not permit free flow of air into the reactor zone. More over, it saves the labour cost involved in packing the biomass in the reactor. The flow of air through the reactor, allows devolatization of the biomass and partial gasification of the char. The air from the air inlets enable the oxidation of charcoal. The production of gaseous fuel takes place in the reactor chamber. As soon as the gaseous fuel is produced, it is sucked by using an open impellor SS Blower, producing clean gaseous fuel. The gaseous fuel produced passes through the charcoal bed below the reactor and this acts as a filter. The gas outlet from the gasifier is taken from top of the moving grate , so that not much particulates or ash gets carried along with the producer gas. Moving grate operates at regular intervals to discharge the charcoal and ash from the gasifier. The reducer shape of the gasifier will help to sink the biomass and charcoal to replace the ash and charcoal discharged through the moving grate during operation. The gas generated from this process can be used for thermal application is a hot gas mode by passing the gas through a gas trap and a cyclonic separator. It can be used in a cold gas mode by passing the gas through a water scrubber, cyclone etc. If this gasifier has to be used for power generation ,in addition to the cold gas mode , an electro static precipitator and a filter has to be provided in order to clean and filter the gas to the standards of engine manufacturer. CLAIMS I claim An Improved gasifier for converting the solid biomass to gaseous fuel with maximum calorific value for producer gas comprising An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass in/et point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor. A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor. Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air. _ Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the Diomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement. Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization. 2 an improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where the shape of the said reactor is a circular reducer. 3 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1 ,where in a rotatory valve is used for controlling the flow biomass and air to the reactor chamber and ramming the biomass inside the gasifier. 4 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1 , where in the gas outlet is taken from the top cover above the grate plate in order to reduce ash getting carried along with producer gas. 5 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where in an open impellor SS blower is used for suction of producer gas from the gasifier in order to avoid blower imbalancing and ease of maintenance of the blower. 6 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where in a water seal and screw conveyor is provided at the bottom of the reactor.

Full Text

Following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner it is to be performed.
4. DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to improved gasifier for converting the solid biomasses to gaseous fuel called producer gas with maximum calorific value with less of tar and particulars
comprising
A circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor.
A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow
of biomass and air into the reactor.
Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air.
Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature
is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the
biomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in
producer gas is very minimum

Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by
means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the
moving grate
Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement.
Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce
steam, if require either for water gas production and
other utilization.
PRIOR ART
The scarcity of energy compelled man to look into different energy sources. The technology of production of gaseous fuel from bio residue in an efficient and environmentally benign manner was available since last century. In the ordinary process, Biomass is loaded to chamber and burned with controlled air passage, so as to enable the production of gaseous fuel containing high levels of Carbon monoxide, Hydrogen and Methane .But this process suffers from many flaws.
One of the main problems while using this process is that the tar , acids and particles generated during gasification will damage the down stream equipments connected to the gasifier.

This invention provides for a process in which the producer gas produced will have very low tar, acid and particles which can be used for thermal applications and on further cleaning and filtering can be used as a fuel for I.C engines.
To achieve the said objectives, the process comprises of the following
An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor.
A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow of biomass and air into the reactor.
Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air.
Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature
is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the
biomasses is cracked, So that tar and acid content in
producer gas is very minimum
Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by
means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the
moving grate

Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement.
Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce
steam, if require either for water gas production and
other utilization.
The detailed process is given in the drawing First charcoal is fed into the biomass reactor through the top, from the grate up till the air nozzle area.
The shape of the reactor is the most important feature of improved gasifier. A circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass inlet point and maximum near the grate area will help to improve the gasifier in many ways.
j. It will help to have very high self sustained high temperature
zone near the air nozzle because of lesser diameter near the
air nozzle area, ii. Because of the above any gas passing from top of the reactor
will have to pass through this high temperature zone which will
in turn gets burned.
iii. Since the reactor has a lesser diameter on top and higher diameter at the bottom chances for biomasses chocking is avoided.

As the charcoal is fed into the biomass reactor, this forms to a bed which acts as the filter for ash ,tar and particulates. Biomass is fed from the air nozzle area up till the top of the reservoir. Biomass is fired through the fire nozzle. Since the gasifier is under negative pressure attained by the induced draught blower, air is sucked through the air nozzle as well as through the rotary valve.
A minimum level indicator in the biomass reservoir chamber so that once the level reaches this minimum level a sensing device gets activated and gives us indication to fill the biomass. Biomass can be filled using a bucked hoist, bucket elevator or can be done manually according to the biomass used and capacity of the gasifier.
This controlled supply of air burns the biomass
to create a self sustained high temperature zone called reactor zone. The temperature in the reactor zone is so high that the biomass on top of the reactor zone gets heated up and starts devofatisation. Because of the draught from top of the rotary valve, these devolatiles, tar and acids from biomass gets carried to the reactor along with air. In the reactor, this gets cracked which will help to reduce tar in the producer gas thus formed.
The rotary valve fixed to the gasifier has following features:-

1. The rotatory valve controls the flow of biomass into the
reactor. It enables the level of biomass in the reactor
intact.
2 The rotatory valve also controls the flow of air into the reactor.
3 It enables an automatic packing of biomass in the reactor avoiding void spaces between biomasses which in turn will not permit free flow of air into the reactor zone. More over, it saves the labour cost involved in
packing the biomass in the reactor.
The flow of air through the reactor, allows devolatization of
the biomass and partial gasification of the char. The air from the
air inlets enable the oxidation of charcoal. The production of
gaseous fuel takes place in the reactor chamber. As soon as
the gaseous fuel is produced, it is sucked by using an open impellor SS Blower, producing clean gaseous fuel.
The gaseous fuel produced passes through the charcoal bed below the reactor and this acts as a filter. The gas outlet from the gasifier is taken from top of the moving grate , so that not much particulates or ash gets carried along with the producer gas. Moving grate operates at regular intervals to discharge the charcoal and ash from the gasifier. The reducer shape of the gasifier will help to sink the biomass and charcoal to

replace the ash and charcoal discharged through the moving grate during operation.
The gas generated from this process can
be used for thermal application is a hot gas mode by
passing the gas through a gas trap and a cyclonic separator. It can be used in a cold gas mode by passing the gas through a water scrubber, cyclone etc. If this gasifier has to be used for power generation ,in addition to the cold gas
mode , an electro static precipitator and a filter has to be provided in order to clean and filter the gas to the standards of engine manufacturer.

CLAIMS
I claim
An Improved gasifier for converting the solid biomass to gaseous fuel with maximum calorific value for producer gas comprising
An circular reducer shaped reactor where the diameter is minimum at the biomass in/et point and maximum near the grate area to avoid chocking of biomasses in the reactor.
A rotary valve at the biomass intake area to control the flow
of biomass and air into the reactor.
Air inlet ports provided at the circumference of the reactor
below the rotary valve to have a controlled passing of air.
_ Reactor chamber in which a self sustained high temperature is maintained, where the tar and acids generated from the Diomasses is cracked. So that tar and acid content in producer gas is very minimum
Producer gas produced is sucked out from the reactor by means of a SS open impeller type blower from top of the moving grate
Ash and charcoal is held and discharged from the reactor using a moving grate arrangement.
Water jacket provided near the reactor zone to produce steam, if require either for water gas production and other utilization.

2 an improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where the shape
of the said reactor is a circular reducer.
3 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1 ,where in a
rotatory valve is used for controlling the flow biomass and air
to the reactor chamber and ramming the biomass inside the
gasifier.
4 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1 , where in the gas
outlet is taken from the top cover above the grate plate in order
to reduce ash getting carried along with producer gas.
5 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where in an open
impellor SS blower is used for suction of producer gas from the
gasifier in order to avoid blower imbalancing and ease of
maintenance of the blower.
6 An improved gasifier as claimed in claim 1, where in a water
seal and screw conveyor is provided at the bottom of the
reactor.

Documents:

1443-CHE-2008 AMENDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION 20-01-2014.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 AMENDED CLAIMS 20-01-2014.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 AMENDED CLAIMS 21-10-2013.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 AMENDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION 21-10-2013.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 21-10-2013.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 02-12-2013.pdf

1443-CHE-2008 EXMINATION REPORT REPLY RECEIVED 20-01-2014.pdf

1443-che-2008 claims.pdf

1443-che-2008 description (complete).pdf

1443-che-2008 drawings.pdf

1443-che-2008 form-1.pdf

1443-che-2008 form-18.pdf

1443-che-2008 form-5.pdf

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Patent Number

258781

Indian Patent Application Number

1443/CHE/2008

PG Journal Number

07/2014

Publication Date

14-Feb-2014

Grant Date

06-Feb-2014

Date of Filing

13-Jun-2008

Name of Patentee

BINOY HARIS

Applicant Address

S/O, K.J. HARIS 29, VIDHYA NAGAR, UNIVERSITY P.O; KOCHI-682022

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	BINOY HARIS	S/O, K.J. HARIS 29, VIDHYA NAGAR, UNIVERSITY P.O; KOCHI-682022

PCT International Classification Number

F23G5/00

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA