Title of Invention	SPV-GRID-DIESEL GENERATOR HYBRID CONTROLLER
Abstract	The invention relates to an automatic controller (4) with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photo voltaic (SPV) in a given capacity and caters to the reliable power to the user round the clock. The system uses three energy sources solar photo voltaic (SPV), Grid and diesel generator. If photo voltaic power is not available, it switches to grid power and then shift to diesel generator automatically. The power to the load is supplied through a UPS. As soon as the solar photovoltaic or Grid power is restored, the system automatically switches off the diesel generator and reverting back to solar and grid power.

Title of Invention

SPV-GRID-DIESEL GENERATOR HYBRID CONTROLLER

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic controller (4) with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photo voltaic (SPV) in a given capacity and caters to the reliable power to the user round the clock. The system uses three energy sources solar photo voltaic (SPV), Grid and diesel generator. If photo voltaic power is not available, it switches to grid power and then shift to diesel generator automatically. The power to the load is supplied through a UPS. As soon as the solar photovoltaic or Grid power is restored, the system automatically switches off the diesel generator and reverting back to solar and grid power.

Full Text	FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an automatic controller for supply of uninterrupted power up to 5-10 K.V.A with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device using three energy sources for example, SPV, GRID and diesel generator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The hybrid control systems developed so far throughout the world are adaptable either for charging batteries or reducing energy sources complementing grid. None of the patented hybrid systems meets the requirement of reliable power supply with optimum utilization of solar energy. From maintenance including cost point of view, the prior art systems are not compatible to rural and urban areas. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a hybrid controller for supply of uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device. Another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of uninterrupted power, which is capable of automatically switching load to grid power, when solar power is not available. A further object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which is capable of automatically starting the generator and connect load to it when both solar and grid power are not available. Yet another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which can automatically switch off the generator and transfer load to solar power or grid power as soon as they are restored based on priority. Still another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which enables power supply to the load. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, there is provided a SPV-Grid-DG hybrid system which optimizes the use of solar power in a given capacity and caters the reliable power to user round the clock. The system uses three energy sources SPV, Grid and diesel generator. Priority of the system is to fully utilize the power from the connected photovoltaic device and if, photovoltaic power is not available it looks for grid power and if grid power is also not available, it starts the diesel generator automatically. As soon as the solar photovoltaic power or Grid power is restored, the system automatically switches off the diesel generator. The power to the bad is supplied through a UPS without any break. Hence the system is suitable to rural community lighting as well as Bank ATMs, health centers and computers in the remote locations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANY DRAWINGS Fig. (1) Shows a block diagram of the hybrid controller system according to the present invention. Fig (2) illustrates a complete assembly of the system of Figure-1 showing the status of energy sources, voltage display system and the level of output voltage. Fig (3) illustrates a circuit configuration for the pulse width modulation based solar charge controller of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in Fig.-1, the PV-GRID-Hybrid system controller constitutes an integrated supervisory control system for multiple energy sources. Fig.-l shows the combination of a photo voltaic cell (1), a power grid (2), a Diesel generator (3) along with the Hybrid system Controller (4). Other sources of energy such as wind, bio mass and small hydro power can also be used. In view of the major objective, the priority of the invention leads to harnessing renewable sources of energy. In this invention, solar energy has been utilized to the fullest extent where in a battery bank (6) and inverter (7) has been used as shown in Fig (1) to feed the load (8). The battery (6) is charged through pulse width modulation based charge controller (5) using the solar power from the photo voltaic cell (1). The battery bank (5) in combination with the inverter (7) supports the load (8) in the absence of renewable source of energy (1). In case of renewable source of energy (1) is not available and the batteries (6) are discharged, the load (8) is powered through the grid (2). The diesel generator (3) will start only when none of the renewable source of energy (1) and the grid power (2) is not available and or, the battery (6) is discharged. As soon as power from the renewable source of energy (1) or grid power (2) is restored, the diesel generator (3) is switched off and the load (8) is automatically transferred to grid power (2) or the battery (6) depending on availability. This invention of hybrid system controller (4) can be used in any hybrid power system, which has two/three energy sources of single phase with the capacity of catering to a load of 5-10 K.V.A. The hybrid system as depicted in Fig (1), comprises hybrid controller (4), digital signal processor based sine wave inverter (6) and specially designed pulse width modulation based solar charge controller (5) (Fig 3). PWM based solar charge controller (5) employs high voltage insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), IGBT gate drive, voltage sensing circuit, Pulse width modulation generation circuit, switching circuit, PI controller circuit and logic gate integrated circuit which are configured as a composite circuit (9) in a printed circuit board as shown in Fig (3). PWM based solar charge controller (5) takes the feed back form the out put, accordingly changes the duty cycle of the pulse and this pulse controls the out put voltage. This provides regulated DC input voltage to the inverter (7) and ensures the smooth charging of the battery bank (6). Thus charging of the battery (6) through PWM based solar charge controller (5) improves the life of batteries (6). Hybrid controller (4) employs highly reliable AC\DC DPDT relays, transformers, logic gates and electronic driving components which controls automatically switching over of the energy sources as per the set priority. The controller also automatically controls starting and stopping of the diesel generator set (3) as per requirement. The controller (4) also has been provided with indicators (9) and a voltage display device (10). The indicators (9) as shown in Fig (2) indicate the status of the currently utilized energy source showing the level of the out put voltage. The system has in-built uninterrupted power supply unit (UPS) to provide power supply without any break. All the components of the system have decentralized control capability and they are considered as intelligent and able to provide a simple interface for the supervisory control, which acts independently and does not interfere with the operational complexity of individual devices. The hybrid control system (HBCS) has been designed to maximize the use of renewable energy, resulting in a system with lower emission than traditional fossil-fueled technologies. The simple system controller (4) is designed to achieve the desired attributes at the lowest acceptable cost, which is the key to market acceptance and meeting the requirements of the people living in remote areas. WE CLAIM: 1. A Hybrid system controller (4) to control a 5-10 KVA power system comprising At least one solar photovoltaic cell (1), a grid power source (2) and a Diesel generator set (3) for providing uninterrupted power supply, the controller (4) comprising a DSP- based pure sine wave inverter (7); a PWM-based solar charge controller (5); and a display device (10) having a plurality of voltage indicators (9); characterized in that the system is configured to meet the requirement of reliable power supply with optimum utilization of photo voltaic power in a SPV-Grid-DG hybrid system by sequencing the change over from SPV to DG in the order and vice versa. 2. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the pulse width modulation based charge controller (5) receives the feed back from the output, accordingly changes the duty cycle of the pulse and controls the output voltage which provides regulated DC input voltage to the inverter (6) including smooth charging of the battery bank (6). 3. The Controller as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the digital signal processor (DSP) based pure sine wave inverter (7) generates A.C power to feed the load utilizing renewable energy. 4. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hybrid system controller (4) automatically controls and transfer load to various energy sources based on priority and availability of power. 5. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulse width modulation based charge controller (5) comprises a plurality of high voltage insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), and IGBT drive, a voltage sensing circuit means, a pulse width modulation circuit means, a switching means, a switching means, a PI control means, and a logic gate integrated circuit means. 6. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, comprising an integrated means to protect the power sources (1,2,3) from sudden overloading and allow smooth transfer of load. 7. A Hybrid system controller (4) to control a 5-10 KVA power system as substantially described and illustrated herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. ABSTRACT Title : SPV-Grid-Diesel generator Hybrid controller The invention relates to an automatic controller (4) with optimum use of available solar energy through solar photo voltaic (SPV) in a given capacity and caters to the reliable power to the user round the clock. The system uses three energy sources solar photo voltaic (SPV), Grid and diesel generator. If photo voltaic power is not available, it switches to grid power and then shift to diesel generator automatically. The power to the load is supplied through a UPS. As soon as the solar photovoltaic or Grid power is restored, the system automatically switches off the diesel generator and reverting back to solar and grid power.

Full Text

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an automatic controller for supply of uninterrupted
power up to 5-10 K.V.A with optimum use of available solar energy through solar
photovoltaic (SPV) device using three energy sources for example, SPV, GRID
and diesel generator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The hybrid control systems developed so far throughout the world are adaptable
either for charging batteries or reducing energy sources complementing grid.
None of the patented hybrid systems meets the requirement of reliable power
supply with optimum utilization of solar energy. From maintenance including cost
point of view, the prior art systems are not compatible to rural and urban areas.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a hybrid controller for supply
of uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar
energy through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device.
Another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of
uninterrupted power, which is capable of automatically switching load to grid
power, when solar power is not available.

A further object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of
uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy
through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which is capable of automatically starting
the generator and connect load to it when both solar and grid power are not
available.
Yet another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of
uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy
through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which can automatically switch off the
generator and transfer load to solar power or grid power as soon as they are
restored based on priority.
Still another object of the invention is to propose a hybrid controller for supply of
uninterrupted power upto 5-10 KVA with optimum use of available solar energy
through solar photovoltaic (SPV) device which enables power supply to the load.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, there is provided a SPV-Grid-DG hybrid system which optimizes the
use of solar power in a given capacity and caters the reliable power to user
round the clock. The system uses three energy sources SPV, Grid and diesel
generator. Priority of the system is to fully utilize the power from the connected
photovoltaic device and if, photovoltaic power is not available it looks for grid
power and if grid power is also not available, it starts the diesel generator
automatically. As soon as the solar photovoltaic power or Grid power is restored,
the system automatically switches off the diesel generator. The power to the
bad is supplied through a UPS without any break. Hence the system is suitable
to rural community lighting as well as Bank ATMs, health centers and computers
in the remote locations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANY DRAWINGS
Fig. (1) Shows a block diagram of the hybrid controller system according to the
present invention.
Fig (2) illustrates a complete assembly of the system of Figure-1 showing the
status of energy sources, voltage display system and the level of output voltage.
Fig (3) illustrates a circuit configuration for the pulse width modulation based
solar charge controller of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
As shown in Fig.-1, the PV-GRID-Hybrid system controller constitutes an
integrated supervisory control system for multiple energy sources.
Fig.-l shows the combination of a photo voltaic cell (1), a power grid (2), a
Diesel generator (3) along with the Hybrid system Controller (4). Other sources
of energy such as wind, bio mass and small hydro power can also be used.
In view of the major objective, the priority of the invention leads to harnessing
renewable sources of energy.
In this invention, solar energy has been utilized to the fullest extent where in a
battery bank (6) and inverter (7) has been used as shown in Fig (1) to feed the
load (8). The battery (6) is charged through pulse width modulation based
charge controller (5) using the solar power from the photo voltaic cell (1).

The battery bank (5) in combination with the inverter (7) supports the load (8) in
the absence of renewable source of energy (1). In case of renewable source of
energy (1) is not available and the batteries (6) are discharged, the load (8) is
powered through the grid (2).
The diesel generator (3) will start only when none of the renewable source of
energy (1) and the grid power (2) is not available and or, the battery (6) is
discharged.
As soon as power from the renewable source of energy (1) or grid power (2) is
restored, the diesel generator (3) is switched off and the load (8) is automatically
transferred to grid power (2) or the battery (6) depending on availability.
This invention of hybrid system controller (4) can be used in any hybrid power
system, which has two/three energy sources of single phase with the capacity of
catering to a load of 5-10 K.V.A.
The hybrid system as depicted in Fig (1), comprises hybrid controller (4), digital
signal processor based sine wave inverter (6) and specially designed pulse width
modulation based solar charge controller (5) (Fig 3).
PWM based solar charge controller (5) employs high voltage insulated gate
bipolar transistor (IGBT), IGBT gate drive, voltage sensing circuit, Pulse width
modulation generation circuit, switching circuit, PI controller circuit and logic
gate integrated circuit which are configured as a composite circuit (9) in a
printed circuit board as shown in Fig (3).

PWM based solar charge controller (5) takes the feed back form the out put,
accordingly changes the duty cycle of the pulse and this pulse controls the out
put voltage. This provides regulated DC input voltage to the inverter (7) and
ensures the smooth charging of the battery bank (6).
Thus charging of the battery (6) through PWM based solar charge controller (5)
improves the life of batteries (6).
Hybrid controller (4) employs highly reliable AC\DC DPDT relays, transformers,
logic gates and electronic driving components which controls automatically
switching over of the energy sources as per the set priority. The controller also
automatically controls starting and stopping of the diesel generator set (3) as per
requirement.
The controller (4) also has been provided with indicators (9) and a voltage
display device (10). The indicators (9) as shown in Fig (2) indicate the status of
the currently utilized energy source showing the level of the out put voltage.
The system has in-built uninterrupted power supply unit (UPS) to provide power
supply without any break.

All the components of the system have decentralized control capability and they
are considered as intelligent and able to provide a simple interface for the
supervisory control, which acts independently and does not interfere with the
operational complexity of individual devices.
The hybrid control system (HBCS) has been designed to maximize the use of
renewable energy, resulting in a system with lower emission than traditional
fossil-fueled technologies.
The simple system controller (4) is designed to achieve the desired attributes at
the lowest acceptable cost, which is the key to market acceptance and meeting
the requirements of the people living in remote areas.

WE CLAIM:
1. A Hybrid system controller (4) to control a 5-10 KVA power system comprising
At least one solar photovoltaic cell (1), a grid power source (2) and a Diesel
generator set (3) for providing uninterrupted power supply, the controller (4)
comprising a DSP- based pure sine wave inverter (7);
a PWM-based solar charge controller (5); and
a display device (10) having a plurality of voltage indicators (9);
characterized in that the system is configured to meet the requirement of reliable
power supply with optimum utilization of photo voltaic power in a SPV-Grid-DG
hybrid system by sequencing the change over from SPV to DG in the order and
vice versa.
2. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the pulse width modulation
based charge controller (5) receives the feed back from the output, accordingly
changes the duty cycle of the pulse and controls the output voltage which
provides regulated DC input voltage to the inverter (6) including smooth
charging of the battery bank (6).
3. The Controller as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the digital signal processor
(DSP) based pure sine wave inverter (7) generates A.C power to feed the load
utilizing renewable energy.

4. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hybrid system controller (4)
automatically controls and transfer load to various energy sources based on
priority and availability of power.
5. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulse width modulation
based charge controller (5) comprises a plurality of high voltage insulated gate
bipolar transistors (IGBT), and IGBT drive, a voltage sensing circuit means, a
pulse width modulation circuit means, a switching means, a switching means, a
PI control means, and a logic gate integrated circuit means.
6. The Controller as claimed in claim 1, comprising an integrated means to
protect the power sources (1,2,3) from sudden overloading and allow smooth
transfer of load.
7. A Hybrid system controller (4) to control a 5-10 KVA power system as
substantially described and illustrated herein with reference to the accompanying
drawings.

ABSTRACT

Title : SPV-Grid-Diesel generator Hybrid controller
The invention relates to an automatic controller (4) with optimum use of available
solar energy through solar photo voltaic (SPV) in a given capacity and caters to
the reliable power to the user round the clock. The system uses three energy
sources solar photo voltaic (SPV), Grid and diesel generator. If photo voltaic
power is not available, it switches to grid power and then shift to diesel generator
automatically. The power to the load is supplied through a UPS.
As soon as the solar photovoltaic or Grid power is restored, the system
automatically switches off the diesel generator and reverting back to solar and
grid power.

Documents:

00106-kol-2007-correspondence-1.1.pdf

00106-kol-2007-form-18.pdf

0106-kol-2007 abstract.pdf

0106-kol-2007 assignment.pdf

0106-kol-2007 claims.pdf

0106-kol-2007 correspondence others.pdf

0106-kol-2007 description(complete).pdf

0106-kol-2007 drawings.pdf

0106-kol-2007 form-1.pdf

0106-kol-2007 form-2.pdf

0106-kol-2007 form-3.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-CLAIMS.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-DRAWINGS.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-FORM 1.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-FORM 2.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-OTHERS.pdf

106-KOL-2007-(21-12-2012)-PA.pdf

106-KOL-2007-CANCELLED PAGES.pdf

106-KOL-2007-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

106-KOL-2007-EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

106-KOL-2007-FORM 18.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GPA.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-CLAIMS.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-DRAWINGS.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-FORM 1.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-FORM 2.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-FORM 3.pdf

106-KOL-2007-GRANTED-SPECIFICATION-COMPLETE.pdf

106-KOL-2007-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

abstract-0106-kol-2007.jpg

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Patent Number

258287

Indian Patent Application Number

106/KOL/2007

PG Journal Number

52/2013

Publication Date

27-Dec-2013

Grant Date

24-Dec-2013

Date of Filing

29-Jan-2007

Name of Patentee

BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED

Applicant Address

REGIONAL OPERATIONS DIVISION(ROD),PLOT NO: 9/1, DJ BLOCK, 3RD FLOOR, KARUNAMOYEE, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA-700091 HAVING ITS REGISTERED OFFICE AT BHEL HOUSE,SIRI FORT,NEW DELHI-110049

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	BANSHI LAL BEDI	BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED
2	SON PAL SINGH	BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED
3	RAMESH KUMAR BHOGRA	BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED

PCT International Classification Number

H02K11/00

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA