Title of Invention

A METHOD OF, AND AN APPARATUS FOR, COMBUSTING HYDROCARBON FUELS FOR PROVIDING A CLEAN HEAT/ENERGY SOURCE

Abstract A method of combusting hydrocarbon fuels for providing a clean heat/energy source comprising the steps of separating oxygen from air to a high degree of purity in an O2 separator: nixing the oxygen hot flue gas from the flue gas circulator in the mixer to result in an oxidant in the tempepture range 600 to 850 K an oxygen concentration in the range of 16 to 20% by mass; feeding hycocarbon fuel and hot oxidant to a fuel combustor; extracting part of the heat from the hot substances; diverting a predetermined amount of the still-hot substances to the flue gas circulator system while feeding the rest through a secondary energy recovery system through a CO2 utilization/sequestration system wherein CO2 is removed at least partly from the flue gas; and disposing of the CO2 in aim anti-pollution manner
Full Text

This invention relates to a method of. And an apparatus for, combust hydrocarbon fuels for proved a clean heat/energy source.
A vast majored of Power generation industries use combustion as their primary! source. In general, most of these combustion processes involve air as the oxidizer and hydrocarbons as their fuel source. Most of the products of combustion are harmful. Carbon dioxide is as a global warming gas while carbon monoxide, unjust hydrocarbons, and gases, particulates are atmospheric pollutants and are harmful to the environment in a number of ways. While the production of carbon dioxide and water vapour are inevitable in the burning of hydrocarbon fuel, the extent of, production of other substances depends greatly on the type of combustion and the fuel used. NOx gases are formed by the combination of high temperatures present in the furnace and abundant supply of nitrogen in the air supplied to the furnace. Fuel-bound nitrogen may also lead to the fonn ation of NOx. SOx gases are formed if diere is sulphur in the fuel and particulates are created by the non-conductible mineral matter (ash) in the fuel.
There is all-oimd awareness of the environmental pollution caused by the bunny of fossil fuels. Stricter laws controlling the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere are being enforced in every part of the globe. There is also the widely-shared threat of global waning arising out of the accumulation of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere. Warnings of the consequences of unchecked release of CO2







to the fuel combustor (Block recover)^ system (in one a steam generating system)
oxidant from Block 2 are fed 3). A primate energy manifestation, this may be
(Block 4) is used to extract part of the heat from tiles hot products. Required amount of the still-hot combustion products, in the preferable temperature range of 700 to 950 K, is diverted to the flue gafe circulator system (Block 5) while the rest is fed through to a secondary energy recovery system (Block 7) through to a CO2 utilization/sequestration system (Block 8) wherein CO2 is removed Molly or partly







Thus, apart from lower NOx, a marginally higher thermal efficiency may be obtained.
It will thus be seen that the present invention provides a stable environment for hydrocarbon combustion which yields a lower NOx, kinglier concentration of carbon dioxide in the fee gases for a more efficient carbon sequestration.





We Claim':
1. A method of combusting hydrocarbon fuels for providing a clean heat/energy source comprising the steps of separating oxygen from air to a high degree of purity in an O2 separator: nixing the oxygen hot flue gas from the flue gas circulator in the mixer to result in an oxidant in the tempepture range 600 to 850 K an oxygen concentration in the range of 16 to 20% by mass; feeding hycocarbon fuel and hot oxidant to a fuel combustor; extracting part of the heat from the hot substances; diverting a predetermined amount of the still-hot substances to the flue gas circulator system while feeding the rest through a secondary energy recovery system through a CO2 utilization/sequestration system wherein CO2 is removed at least partly from the flue gas; and disposing of the CO2 in aim anti-pollution manner

2.A method as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the fuel is partly or frilly in any one of gaseous, liquid or solid forms, or a mixture thereof
3. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the primary or secondary energy recovery system is a steam generation system
4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Clainiswherein the primary or secondary energy recovery system is a gas turbine.

5.A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the said separator is a source of high-purity oxygen.

6.A method as claimed in Claims wherein preheating i^ oxidant temperature to 600 -
any one of the preceding carried out to increase the 850 K
7.A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the re-circulated flue gas is introduced as primary, secondary or tertiary stream with partial mixing with oxygen
8. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein, without the mixer, the recirculated flue gas and the pushy oxygen café introduced into the fiiel combustor as separate streams
9. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims
wherein the preheating of the oxygen stream is done
separately.
10. A method as claimed in i any one of the preceding Claims wherein the moisture in the recirculated flue gas is removed partly or fully.
11. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the particulates are removed from the gas partly or fully.

12. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the Knox gases from the recirculated flue gas are remold partly or
13. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein tiie Sox gases from the recirculated flue
gas are remove partly or fully.
I
14. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding
Claims wherein the H2S gas the recirculated flue gas
is removed Pam or fully,
15 A method as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims wherein the combustion is carried out in the range of 3 to 30 bar
16. A method of combusting hydrocarbon Aids for
providing a clean heat/energy scorch substantially as herein
described and illustrated.
17. An apparatus for carrying cut a method of combusting
hydrocarbon fuels for providing a clean heat/energy source
as claimed in any one of the preceding Clams comprising
a source of air; a source of a hydrocarbon fuel;
a mixer for mixing by direct Contact high-purity oxygen
and treated flue gas in predetermined proportions make up
the oxidant mixture, a fuel combustor receiving fuel from
the said surf and oxidant from the said mixer, in which
combustion takes place, the combustion products CO2, H2O
and trace amounts of other gases, being discharged at a
higher temperature; primary and secondary energy recovery

systems to derive useful energy from the said combustion products; a flue gas recycle system which extracts a predetermined portion of the flue gases in the temperature range of 700 to 1000 K and feeds it to the said mixer; a CO2 utilizatlion/sequestratiorj system and a flue gas treatment system.
18. An apparatus for carrying out a method of combusting hydrocarbon fuels for providing a clean heat/energy source substantially as herein described and illustrated.


Documents:

2933-CHE-2007 AMENDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION 02-12-2013.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 02-12-2013.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 AMENDED CLAIMS 29-11-2013.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 AMENDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION 10-10-2012.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 29-11-2013.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 12-11-2013.pdf

2933-CHE-2007 EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECEIVED 10-10-2012.pdf

2933-che-2007-claims.pdf

2933-che-2007-correspondnece-others.pdf

2933-che-2007-description(complete).pdf

2933-che-2007-drawings.pdf

2933-che-2007-form 1.pdf

2933-che-2007-form 18.pdf

2933-che-2007-form 26.pdf


Patent Number 258154
Indian Patent Application Number 2933/CHE/2007
PG Journal Number 50/2013
Publication Date 13-Dec-2013
Grant Date 10-Dec-2013
Date of Filing 07-Dec-2007
Name of Patentee INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Applicant Address IIT P.O CHENNAI 600 036
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 SIVAJI SEEPANA RESEARCH SCHOLAR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING IIT CHENNAI 36
2 DR SREENIVAS JAYANTI PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING IIT CHENNAI 36
PCT International Classification Number F23C 99/00
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA