Title of Invention

SCRATCH RESISTANT POLYOLEFINS

Abstract Abstract Polyolefin substrates, for example polypropylene, polyethylene or thermoplastic olefin molded parts, are made scratch resistant by the incorporation therein of an additive combination of a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine and a primary or secondary fatty acid amide. The present polyolefins exhibit good weatherability, scratch resistance, good processability, good mechanical strength, good gloss retention and are non-sticky. The functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is for example the ester or half ester of maleated C18-C26 alpha-olefin with tallow fatty alcohol. The fatty acid amide is for example oleyl palmitamide or stearyl erucamide.
Full Text

Scratch Resistant Polvolefins
The present invention is aimed at scratch resistant polyolefin compositions. The invention is also aimed at a method of imparting scratch resistance to polyolefin compositions by incorporating therein certain anti-scratch additives. The polyolefin compositions are for example thermoplastic olefin (TPO) molded parts. The molded parts are useful for example in automotive applications.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,942 discloses thermoplastic olefin compositions comprising mar resistance additives selected from polysiloxanes, metal stearates, saturated fatty acid amides and unsaturated fatty acid amides.
JP-A-2002338778 teaches a graft copolymer compositions comprising fatty acid amides.
U.S. Pat.No. 5,731,376 discloses polypropylene block copolymer with improved scratch resistance by inclusion of a polyorganosiloxane. The compositions may further include a fatty acid amide.
U.S. Pat.No. 5,585,420 teaches scratch resistant polyolefin compositions comprising a plate like inorganic filler. The compositions may further comprise high rubber ethylene-propylene copolymers, fatty acid amides, polyorganosiloxanes or epoxy resins.
JP-A-2002003692 discloses polypropylene resin comprising fatty acid amides.
JP-A-62072739 is aimed at molded articles for automobile parts made by compounding a specific polyolefin with a rubbery substance and a specific amount of mica of a specific particle size. The polyolefin consists of a certain polypropylene and a polyolefin modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid (anhydride), for example maleic anhydride.
JP-A-63017947 is aimed at scratch resistant propylene polymer compositions.
JP-A-2001261902 is aimed at polypropylene resin compositions useful as molding material for preparation of interior trims.

U.S. published app. No. 2003/0004245 teaches blends of polyolefin and a reaction product of polyolefin and an alpha, beta unsaturated carboxylic ester, acid or anhydride.
Polyanhydride resins are described in a CPChem Specialty Chemicals data sheet of 2004.
Surprisingly, it has been found that polyolefin substrates are made scatch resistance by the incorporation therein of an additive combination of a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine and a primary or secondary fatty acid amide.
The present invention pertains to a composition comprising
a) a polyolefin,
b) a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine,
and
c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide.
Also disclosed is a method for providing scratch resistance to a polyolefin substrate, which method comprises incorporating into said polyolefin an effective amount of (b) a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine and (c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide.
Examples for polyolefins are:
1. Polymers of monoolefins and diolefins, for example polypropylene, polyisobutylene, po-lybut-1-ene, poly-4-methylpent-1-ene, polyisoprene or polybutadiene, as well as polymers of cycloolefins, for instance of cyclopentene or norbornene, polyethylene (which optionally can be crosslinked), for example high density polyethylene (HDPE), high density and high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-HMW), high density and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE-UHMW), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), (VLDPE) and (ULDPE).
Polyolefins, i.e. the polymers of monoolefins exemplified in the preceding paragraph, for example polyethylene and polypropylene, can be prepared by different, and especially by the following, methods:
i) radical polymerization (normally under high pressure and at elevated temperature).

ii) catalytic polymerization using a catalyst that normally contains one or more than one metal of groups IVb, Vb, Vlb or VIM of the Periodic Table. These metals usually have one or more than one ligand, typically oxides, halides, alcoholates, esters, ethers, amines, alkyls, alkenyls and/or aryls that may be either p- or s-coordinated. These metal complexes may be in the free form or fixed on substrates, typically on activated magnesium chloride, titanium(lll) chloride, alumina or silicon oxide. These catalysts may be soluble or insoluble in the polymerization medium. The catalysts can be used by themselves in the polymerization or further activators may be used, typically metal alkyls, metal hydrides, metal alkyl halides, metal alkyl oxides or metal alkyloxanes, said metals being elements of groups la, Ha and/or Ilia of the Periodic Table. The activators may be modified conveniently with further ester, ether, amine or silyl ether groups. These catalyst systems are usually termed Phillips, Standard Oil Indiana, Ziegler (-Natta), TNZ (DuPont), metallocene or single site catalysts (SSC).
2. Mixtures of the polymers mentioned under 1.), for example mixtures of polypropylene with
polyisobutylene, polypropylene with polyethylene (for example PP/HDPE, PP/LDPE) and mix
tures of different types of polyethylene (for example LDPE/HDPE).
3. Copolymers of monoolefins and diolefins with each other or with other vinyl monomers,
for example ethylene/propylene copolymers, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and
mixtures thereof with low density polyethylene (LDPE), propylene/but-1-ene copolymers, pro-
pylene/isobutylene copolymers, ethylene/but-1-ene copolymers, ethylene/hexene copoly
mers, ethylene/methylpentene copolymers, ethylene/heptene copolymers, ethylene/octene
copolymers, propylene/butadiene copolymers, isobutylene/isoprene copolymers, ethylene/-
alkyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate
copolymers and their copolymers with carbon monoxide or ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers
and their salts (ionomers) as well as terpolymers of ethylene with propylene and a diene such
as hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene or ethylidene-norbornene; and mixtures of such copoly
mers with one another and with polymers mentioned in 1) above, for example polypropy-
lene/ethylene-propylene copolymers, LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), LDPE/-
ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA and alternating or random
polyalkylene/carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures thereof with other polymers, for
example polyamides.

4. Blends of polymers mentioned under 1.) with impact modifiers such as ethylene-propy-lene-diene monomer copolymers (EPDM), copolymers of ethylene with higher alpha-olefins (such as ethylene-octene copolymers), polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene copolymers. These blends are commonly referred to in the industry as TPO's (thermoplastic polyolefins).
Polyolefins of the present invention are for example polypropylene or polyethylene including polypropylene homo- and copolymers and polyethylene homo- and copolymers. For instance, polypropylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and polypropylene random and impact (heterophasic) copolymers. Preferred polyolefins of the present invention include polypropylene homopolymers, polypropylene impact (heterophasic) copolymers, blends thereof, and TPO's such as blends of polypropylene homopolymers and impact copolymers with EPDM or ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers.
The polyolefins of this invention are in particular TPO's. TPO is for example about 10 to about 90 parts propylene homopolymer, copolymer or terpolymer, and about 90 to about 10 parts (parts by weight) of an elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and a C3-C8 alpha-olefin. TPO is disclosed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 6,048,942.
The maleated alpha-olefin is for example as disclosed in U.S. app. 2003/0004245. The maleated alpha-olefin is for example a reaction product of an alpha-olefin with maleic anhydride or maleic acid. The reaction is effected by means known in the art. For example, the reaction can be conducted by a melt process in the presence of a free radical initiator. The radical initiators are for example peroxides or organic azo compounds.
For instance, the alpha-olefin of the present maleated alpha-olefin is from C3 up to about C33, for example the alpha-olefin is a C18-C26 alpha-olefin, for example a C22-C26 or a C18 alpha-olefin.
The maleated alpha-olefin is functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine. That is, the maleated alpha-olefin is reacted with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine to form the ester or amide or imide products.

For example, the present functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is an ester or half ester product resulting from reaction with a long chain alcohol, or is an amide or imide product resulting from reaction with a long chain primary or secondary amine. Imides may be prepared by heating the half amide. The present functionalized maleated alpha-olefin may be a mixture of esters and amides.
Half ester derivatives may be formed by dropwise addition of alcohol to a stirred, acid catalyzed solution of the maleated alpha-olefin in an appropriate solvent under conditions such that water is not removed from the reaction mixture. Appropriate solvent is for example methyl isobutyl ketone. Suitable acid catalysts include sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Diesters are prepared using excess alcohol and removing the water to drive the reaction towards full esterification.
For instance, the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is an ester or half ester of the formula

wherein
R is C16-C24alkyl,
R and R2 are independently hydrogen, CrC22alkyl or C2-C22alkenyl wherein at least one of
R1 and R2 are C12-C22alkyl or alkenyl, and
n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between about 20,000 and about
50,000.
For example, the present functionalized maleated alpha-olefins are primary or secondary amides of the formula



For instance, the present functionalized maleatecl alpha-olefin is the half ester or ester of maleated C18-C26alpha-olefin with tallow fatty alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol [CAS# 540-11-4] or oleyl alcohol. That is, the half ester or ester reaction products of maleated alpha-olefin with the long chain alcohols.
For instance, the present functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is the amide of maleated C18-C2ealpha-olefin with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, behenamide, oleyl palmitamide, stearyl erucamide, ethylene-bis-stearamide or ethylene-bis-oleamide, or is the imide of maleated C18-C26alpha-olefin with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide or behenamide. That is, the amide or imide reaction products of maleated alpha-olefin with long chain amines.
The fatty group of the primary or secondary fatty acid amides are Cn-C2ialkyl or Cn-C2ialke-nyl. The present secondary fatty acid amides are not bis amides, that is methylene-bis or ethylene-bis amides.
The primary or secondary fatty acid amide is for example at least one compound selected from the group consisting of oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, behenamide, oleyl palmitamide and stearyl erucamide.
In particular, the present fatty acid amides are secondary fatty acid amides, for example stearyl erucamide or oleyl palmitamide.
Suitable fatty acid amides are for example disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,915.
Alkyl is straight or branched chain and is for example methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1,3-dimethyl-butyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylheptyl, 3-methylheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1,1,3-trimethylhexyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, 1-methylundecyl, dodecyl, 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethylhexyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, icosyl ordocosyl.
Alkenyl having 2 to 22 carbon atoms is a branched or unbranched radical such as, for example, vinyl, propenyl (allyl), 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, n-2,4-pentadienyl, 3-methyl-

2-butenyl,n-2-octenyl,n-2-dodecenyl, iso-dodecenyl, oleyl, n-2-octadecenyl or n-4-octade-cenyl.
The weight:weight ratio of the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin additive [component (b)] to the primary or secondary fatty acid amide additive [component (c)] is for example between about 1:1 and about 20:1, for example between about 1:1 and about 15:1, between about 1:1 and about 10:1, between about 1:1 and about 7:1, or between about 1:1 and about 5:1. For instance, the weight:weight ration of the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin to the primary or secondary fatty acid amide is about 1.5:1, about 2:1, about 3:1, or about 4:1.
The total of functionalized maleated alpha-olefin and primary or secondary fatty acid amide additive combination to be incorporated into the polyolefin substrate is for example between about 1% and about 15% by weight, based on the weight of the polyolefin substrate. For example, the additive combination is present from about 1% to about 10%, from about 3% to about 7%, or from about 3% to about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the polyolefin substrate.
Component (b) is preferably added to the polyolefin in an amount of from 0.05 to 15 %, in particular from 1 to 10 %, for example from 1 to 7%, based on the weight of the polyolefin.
Component (c) is preferably added to the polyolefin in an amount of from 0.05 to 15 %, in particular from 1 to 10 %, for example from 1 to 7%, based on the weight of the polyolefin.
The additives of the invention may be added to the polyolefin substrate individually or mixed with one another. If desired, the individual components can be mixed with one another before incorporation into the polyolefin for example by dry blending, compaction or in the melt.
The incorporation of the additives of the invention is carried out by known methods such as dry blending in the form of a powder, or wet mixing in the form of solutions, dispersions or suspensions for example in an inert solvent, water or oil. The additives of the invention may be incorporated, for example, before or after molding or also by applying the dissolved or dispersed additive or additive mixture to the polyolefin material, with or without subsequent evaporation of the solvent or the suspension/dispersion agent. They may be added directly

into the processing apparatus (e.g. extruders, internal mixers, etc), e.g. as a dry mixture or powder or as solution or dispersion or suspension or melt.
The incorporation can be carried out in any heatable container equipped with a stirrer, e.g. in a closed apparatus such as a kneader, mixer or stirred vessel. The incorporation is preferably carried out in an extruder or in a kneader. It is immaterial whether processing takes place in an inert atmosphere or in the presence of oxygen.
The addition of the additives to the polyolefin substrate can be carried out in all customary mixing machines in which the polyolefin is melted and mixed with the additives. Suitable machines are known to those skilled in the art. They are predominantly mixers, kneaders and extruders.
Processing includes extrusion, co-kneading, pultrusion, compression molding, sheet extrusion, thermoforming, injection molding or rotational molding. The process is preferably carried out in an extruder by introducing the additives during processing.
Particularly preferred processing machines are single-screw extruders, contrarotating and corotating twin-screw extruders, rotomolding devices, planetary-gear extruders, ring extruders or cokneaders. It is also possible to use processing machines provided with at least one gas removal compartment to which a vacuum can be applied.
Suitable extruders and kneaders are described, for example, in Handbuch der Kunststoffex-trusion, Vol. 1 Grundlagen, Editors F. Hensen, W. Knappe, H. Potente, 1989, pp. 3-7, ISBN.3-446-14339-4 (Vol. 2 Extrusionsanlagen 1986, ISBN 3-446-14329-7).
For example, the screw length is 1-60 screw diameters, preferably 35-48 screw diameters. The rotational speed of the screw is preferably 10-600 rotations per minute (rpm), very particularly preferably 25-300 rpm.
The maximum throughput is dependent on the screw diameter, the rotational speed and the driving force. The process of the present invention can also be carried out at a level lower than maximum throughput by varying the parameters mentioned or employing weighing machines delivering dosage amounts.

If a plurality of components are added, these can be premixed or added individually.
The additives of the invention can also be sprayed onto the polyolefin material. They are able to dilute other additives (for example optional conventional additives) or their melts so that they can be sprayed also together with these additives onto the material. Addition by spraying during the deactivation of the polymerization catalysts is particularly advantageous; in this case, the steam evolved may be used for deactivation of the catalyst. In the case of spherically polymerized polyolefins it may, for example, be advantageous to apply the additives of the invention, optionally together with other additives, by spraying.
The additives of the invention and optional further additives can also be added to the polyolefin in the form of a masterbatch ("concentrate") which contains the components in a concentration of, for example, about 1% to about 40% and preferably about 2% to about 20% by weight incorporated in a polymer. The polymer must not necessarily be identical to the polyolefin where the additives are added finally. In such operations, the polymer can be used in the form of powder, granules, solutions, suspensions or in the form of latices.
Incorporation can take place prior to or during the shaping operation, or by applying the dissolved or dispersed compound to the polyolefin, with or without subsequent evaporation of the solvent. A further possibility for incorporating the additives of the invention into polyolefins is to add them before, during or directly after the polymerization of the corresponding monomers or prior to crosslinking. In this context the additives of the invention can be added as it is or else in encapsulated form (for example in waxes, oils or polymers).
The polyolefins containing the additives of the invention described herein can be used for the production of moldings, rotomolded articles, injection molded articles, blow molded articles, profiles, and the like.
The polyolefins of the present invention may optionally also contain from about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.025 to about 2%, and especially from about 0.1 to about 1% by weight of various further additives, such as the compouns listed below, or mixtures thereof.
1. Antioxidants
























9. Thiosvnergists. for example dilauryl thiodipropionate or distearyl thiodipropionate.
10. Peroxide scavengers, for example esters of p-thiodipropionic acid, for example the lau-
ryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercapto-
benzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis(p-
dodecylmercapto)propionate.
11. Polvamide stabilizers, for example copper salts in combination with iodides and/or phos
phorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.
12. Basic co-stabilizers, for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl
cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali
metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example, calcium stearate,
zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium
palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate.
13. Nucleating agents, for example inorganic substances such as talcum, metal oxides such
as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably,
alkaline earth metals; organic compounds such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the
salts thereof, e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate
or sodium benzoate; polymeric compounds such as ionic copolymers (ionomers).
14. Fillers and reinforcing agents, for example calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibers,
glass bulbs, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbon
black, graphite, wood flour and flours or fibers of other natural products, synthetic fibers.

15. Dispersing Agents, such as polyethylene oxide waxes or mineral oil.
16. Other additives, for example plasticizers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, dyes, optical
brighteners, rheology additives, catalysts, flow-control agents, slip agents, crosslinking
agents, crosslinking boosters, halogen scavengers, smoke inhibitors, flameproofing agents,
antistatic agents, clarifiers such as substituted and unsubstituted bisbenzylidene sorbitols,
benzoxazinone UV absorbers such as 2,2'-p-phenylene-bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), Cyasorb®
3638 (CAS# 18600-59-4), and blowing agents.
Preferred further additives are one or more additives selected from the group consisting of the hindered amine light stabilizers, the hydroxylamine stabilizers, the organic phosphorus stabilizers, the benzofuranone stabilizers and the hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole, hydroxyphe-nyl-s-triazine or benzophenone ultraviolet light absorbers.
The present polyolefin compositions exhibit good weatherability (stability towards heat, oxygen and light), scratch resistance, good processability, good mechanical strength, good gloss retention, and are non-sticky. The polyolefin molded parts are suitable for example for automotive applications, i.e. bumper fascia and the like.
Another part of this invention is the use of of a mixture of components (b) and (c) as scratch resistant agent for polyolefins.
The following Examples illustrate the invention in more detail. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages are in parts by weight.
Example 1: Scratch resistance of polyolefins.
A 2:1 weight:weight blend [mixture of components (b) and (c); inventive blend] of the functio-nalized maleated alpha-olefin to stearyl erucamide is prepared. The present functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is the tallow fatty alcohol ester of the polymer of C22-C26 alpha-olefin with maleic anhydride:

wherein
Ri1and R2 are tallow, R is C2o-C24alkyl and n is an average value of about 45.
Other additives evaluated for comparative performance are oleamide, stearyl erucamide and Dow Corning MB 50-321 polysiloxane additive. Weight percents are on polypropylene. The additives are compounded in impact modified copolymer polypropylene (PROFAX 7523 commercially available from Basell) and high impact polypropylene (3-5 melt flow) containing 20-30% talc and 2-3% carbon black. All compounding is done using 25 mm twin-screw extruder using industry standard conditions. All of the formulations also contain stabilizers such as a hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole ultraviolet light absorber, a hindred amine light stabilizer, a hindered phenolic antioxidant and an organic phosphorus processing stabilizer. Injection molded plaques are made from the compounded samples using BOY 50-M injection molding machine using standard conditions.
Several tests are performed to evaluate scratch resistance before and after weathering, in addition to impact properties. Results are given below.





The above results show remarkable scratch resistance improvements with the Inventive Blend in polyolefin.

What is claimed is:
1. A composition comprising
a) a polyolefin,
b) a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine, and
c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide.

2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the polyolefin is polypropylene or polyethy lene.
3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is an ester or half ester of the formula

wherein
R is C16-C24alkyi,
R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, C1-C22alkyl or C2-C22alkenyl, wherein at least one of
R1 and R2 are C12-C22alkyl or alkenyl, and
n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between about 20,000 and about
50,000.
4. A composition according to claim 1 where the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is the half ester or ester of maleated C18-C26alpha-olefin with tallow fatty alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
5. A composition according to claim 1 where the functionalizecl maleated alpha-olefin is a primary or secondary amide of the formula
wherein
R is C16-C24alkyl,
R1, R2. R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen or Cr-C22alkyl or C2-C22alkenyl, wherein at
least one of R1, R2, R3 or R4 are C12-C22alkyl or alkenyl, and
n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between about 20,000 and about
50,000; or
wherein the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin is an imide of the formula

wherein
R is C16-C24alkyl,
R1 is C12-C22alkyl or alkenyl, and
n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between about 20,000 and about
50,000.
A composition according to claim 1 where the functionalizecl maleated alpha-olefin is the amide of maleated C18-C26alpha-olefin with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, behenamide, oleyl palmitamide, stearyl erucamide, ethylene-bis-stearamide or ethylene-bis-oleamide; or where the functionalized maleated C18-C26alpha-olefin is the imide of maleated C18-C26alpha- olefin with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide or behenamide.
7. A composition according to claim 1 where the fatty group of the primary or secondary fatty acid amide is C11-C21 alkyl or C11-C21alkenyl.
8. A composition according to claim 1 where the fatty acid amide is stearyl erucamide or oleyl palmitamide.
9. A composition according to claim 1 wherein component (b) is present in an amount of from 0.05 to 15%, based on the weight of component (a).

10. A composition according to claim 1 wherein component (c) is present in an amount of from 0.05 to 15%, based on the weight of component (a).
11. A composition according to claim 1, comprising in addition to components (a), (b) and (c) further additives.
12- A composition according to claim 11, comprising as further additives one or more additives selected from the group consisting of the hindered amine light stabilizers, the hydroxyl-amine stabilizers, the organic phosphorus stabilizers, the benzofuranone stabilizers and the hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole, hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine or benzophenone ultraviolet light absorbers.
13. A method for providing scratch resistance to a polyolefin substrate, which method com prises incorporating into said polyolefin an effective amount of (b) a maleated alpha-olefin functionalized with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine and (c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide.
14. Use of a mixture of components (b) and (c) according to claim 1 as scratch resistant agent for polyolefins.
Dated this 4 day of January 2007

Documents:

0038-chenp-2007 correspondence-others 14-10-2008.pdf

0038-chenp-2007 correspondence-others 18-04-2007.pdf

0038-chenp-2007 form-1 18-04-2007.pdf

0038-chenp-2007 form-13 14-10-2008.pdf

0038-chenp-2007 others 14-10-2008.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 22-04-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS 17-01-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 FORM-3 22-04-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 AMENDED CLAIMS 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 AMENDED PAGES OF SPECIFICATION 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECIEVED 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 FORM-1 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 FORM-3 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 OTHER PATENT DOCUMENT 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 OTHERS 09-10-2013.pdf

38-CHENP-2007 POWER OF ATTORNEY 09-10-2013.pdf

38-chenp-2007-abstract.pdf

38-chenp-2007-claims.pdf

38-chenp-2007-correspondnece-others.pdf

38-chenp-2007-description(complete).pdf

38-chenp-2007-form 1.pdf

38-chenp-2007-form 26.pdf

38-chenp-2007-form 3.pdf

38-chenp-2007-form 5.pdf

38-chenp-2007-pct.pdf


Patent Number 257674
Indian Patent Application Number 38/CHENP/2007
PG Journal Number 44/2013
Publication Date 01-Nov-2013
Grant Date 25-Oct-2013
Date of Filing 04-Jan-2007
Name of Patentee CIBA HOLDING INC
Applicant Address KLYBECKSTRASSE 141, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 SHARMA, ASHUTOSH, H., 20 NICOLE DRIVE, WAPPINGERS FALLS, NY 12590, USA;
PCT International Classification Number C08L 23/08
PCT International Application Number PCT/EP05/52981
PCT International Filing date 2005-06-27
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/586,093 2004-07-07 U.S.A.