Title of Invention	AEROSOL CREAM MOUSSE, METHOD OF TREATING HAIR AND USE
Abstract	The present invention provides stable aerosol cream mousse composition, preferably hair care composition, that can provide enhanced touch, combability, alignment and volume reduction to the hair, with low or reduced greasy, oily hair feel, while being formulated having a thick, rich, creamy, mousse-type rheology with excellent spreading, perception of spreading, and feel. The aerosol composition is based on the combination of component(A) a cationic surfactant, which is generally a quaternary ammonium compound such as e.g. ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, (B) a fatty alcohol, such as cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and (C) carbon dioxide.

Title of Invention

AEROSOL CREAM MOUSSE, METHOD OF TREATING HAIR AND USE

Abstract

The present invention provides stable aerosol cream mousse composition, preferably hair care composition, that can provide enhanced touch, combability, alignment and volume reduction to the hair, with low or reduced greasy, oily hair feel, while being formulated having a thick, rich, creamy, mousse-type rheology with excellent spreading, perception of spreading, and feel. The aerosol composition is based on the combination of component(A) a cationic surfactant, which is generally a quaternary ammonium compound such as e.g. ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, (B) a fatty alcohol, such as cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and (C) carbon dioxide.

Full Text	TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a new aerosol cream mousse formulation, preferably an aerosol cream mousse hair treating composition, especially for hair conditioning purposes and the method of use. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Hair cosmetics aerosols (foams respectively mousses) for hair conditioning purposes deliver significant advantages concerning distribution and handling in comparison with emulsions or dispersions. Nevertheless the disadvantage of conventional mousses are the hap-tical and optical properties, these mousses are less creamy and rich than emulsions and dispersion. Therefore lots of consumers do not use conditioning aerosol mousses, especially those with damaged hair, because the optical and haptical (feel and touch) properties do not meet the need for creamy and rich textures of consumers having damaged hair. It was therefore an object of the present invention to develop an aerosol cream mousse formulation, preferably a hair care aerosol cream mousse, delivering much more creami-ness and richness than conventional mousses. The idea of developing more creamy aerosol mousses is known from Japanese patent 3,616,154 that describes a composition containing a surface active agent, monohydric higher alcohol, wood ether as liquified gas and carbon dioxide as compressed gas in order to achieve a richer mousse texture. It is an object of this invention to provide a new aerosol cream mousse formulation preferable for hair treating compositions without having the tendency to be unstable during storage and enabling a good distribution on the hair. It is desirable to provide such a composition, as described above in aerosol form, such as a "whipped cream", which can be easily applied and rinsed from the hair. It is a further object of this invention to provide such a hair care composition that has an aesthetically pleasing wet hair feel, a glossy consistency and perception of spreading upon application to the hair together with excellent wet and dry combability of hair. It is further desirable to provide a method for conditioning hair in accordance with the above compositions. These and other objects and benefits of the present invention as may be set forth herein as may now or later become apparent to those skilled in the art can be provided according to the invention which is described herein. The invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements described herein as welt as any of the preferred or other optional ingredients described herein. All percentages herein are by weight of the composition unless otherwise indicated. All ratios are weight ratios unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages, ratios, and levels of ingredients referred to herein are based on the actual amount of the ingredient, and do not include solvents, fillers, or other materials with which the ingredient may be combined in commercially available products. All documents referred to herein, including all patents, all patent applications and all articles, are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides stable aerosol cream mousse composition, preferably hair care composition, that can provide enhanced touch, combability, alignment and volume reduction to the hair, with low or reduced greasy, oily hair feel, while being formulated in an emulsion having a thick, cream-type rheology with excellent spreading, perception of spreading, and feel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Surprisingly, it was found that, due to the use of a preparation of a cationic surfactant, a higher alcohol and carbon dioxide, preferably as the sole propellant, a very rich, creamy and glossy aerosol mousse can be achieved. The invention is defined in claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependant claims. The aerosol composition is based on the combination of component (A) a cationic surfactant, which is generally a quaternary ammonium compound such as e. g. ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, (B) a fatty alcohol, such as e. g. cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and (C) carbon dioxide. The essential ingredients as well as a variety, but non-exclusive, list of preferred and optional ingredients are described below. Cationic surfactants Cationic surfactants preferably used in the composition of the present invention, contain amino or quaternary ammonium moieties. Cationic surfactants among those useful herein are disclosed in the following documents, all incorporated by reference herein: M.C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's, Detergents & Emulsifiers, (North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al., Surface Active Agents, Their Chemistry and Technology, New York. Inter-science Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hilfer issued November 3,1964; U. S. Patent 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30,1975; U S. Patent 3,959,461, Bailey et al., issued May 25,1976; and U. S. Patent 4,387,090, Bolich, Jr., issued June 7, 1983. Among the quaternary ammonium-containing cationic surfactant materials useful herein are those of the general formula (I) (Formula Removed) wherein R1 to R4 are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e. g. chloride, bromide, iodide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulfate, and alkylsulfate radicals. The aliphatic groups may contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, either linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. The longer chain aliphatic groups, e. g. those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or unsaturated. Especially preferred are di-long chain (e.g., di C12-C22, preferably C16-C18, aliphatic, preferably alkyl), di-short chain (e.g. C1 - C3 alkyl, preferably C1 - C2 alkyl) ammonium salts. Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable cationic surfactant materials. The alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and may be substituted or unsubstituted. Such amines, useful herein, include stearamido propyl dimethyl amine, diethyl amino ethyl stearamide, dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamine, myristyl amine, tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamine, N-tallowpropane diamine, ethoxylated (5 moles E.O.) stearylamine, dihydorxy ethyl stearylamine, and ara-chidylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts include the halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkyl sulfate salts. Such salts include stearylamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearylamine formate, N- tallowpropane diamine dichloride and steara-midopropyl dimethylamine citrate. Cationic amine surfactants included among those useful in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued June 23,1981, incorporated by reference herein. Preferred cationte surfactants are Genamin® CTAC, i. e. cetyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride, esterquats as for example tet-radecyl betainester chloride, diesterquats as for example dipalmitylethyl dimethyl-ammoniumchloride (Armocare VGH70 of Akzo, Germany), or a mixture of distearoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate and Cetearyl Alkohol (Dehyquart F-75 of Henkel, Germany). Cationic surfactants (A) are preferably contained at levels of from about 0.1 % to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1,5%, most preferably from about 0.4% to about 0.8%, by weight of the composition. Fattv alcohol The compositions of the present invention comprise a nonvolatile low melting point fatty alcohol. The fatty alcohols hereof have a melting point of 30'C or less, preferably about 25 "C or less, more preferably about 22 "C or less. The unsaturated fatty alcohols hereof are also nonvolatile. By nonvolatile what is meant is they have a boiling point at 1.0 atmospheres of at least about 260 "C, preferably at least about 2750, more preferably at least about 300"C. Suitable fatty alcohols include unsaturated monohydric straight chain fatty alcohols, saturated branched chain fatty alcohols, saturated C8-C12 straight chain fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohols will typically have one degree of unsaturation. Oi- and tri- unsaturated alkenyl chains may be present at low levels, preferably less than about 5% by total weight of the unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohol more preferably less than about 2%, most preferably less than about 1 %. Preferably, the unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohols will have an aliphatic chain size of from C12-C22, more preferably from C12-C18, most preferably from C16-C18. Exemplary alcohols of this type include oleyl alcohol, and palmitoleic alcohol. The branched chain alcohols will typically have aliphatic chain sizes of from C12-C22, preferably C14-C20, more preferably C16-C18. Exemplary branched chain alcohols for use herein include isostearyl alcohol, octyl dodeca-nol, and octyl decanol. Examples of saturated C8-C12 straight chain alcohols include octyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, decyl alcohol, and lauryl alcohol, The low melting point fatty alcohols hereof are used at a level of from about 0.1 % to about 10%, by weight of the composition, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%. The present compositions are preferably limited to levels of monohydric saturated straight chain fatty alcohols, such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, and other waxy fatty alcohols having melting points above 45 However, it may be desirable to use waxy fatty alcohols for their conditioning benefits. In the event that such saturated fatty alcohols are present, the weight ratio of the liquid to waxy fatty alcohols is preferably no greater than about 0.25, more preferably no greater than about 0.15, more preferably than about 0.10. The total amount of fatty alcohols in the composition is preferably about 0.5 to about 5.0 % by weight, more preferably from about 1.0 to about 4.0% by weight, and most preferably from about 1.5 to about 3.0% by weight. Carbon dioxide Also it is preferred that carbon dioxide is the sole propellant, small amounts up to about 1% by weight of other propellants, such as e. g. propane, butane, isobutane, dimethyl ether and N2O, may also be present without disadvantage. The amount of carbon dioxide is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 % by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 % by weight and most preferably 1.5 to 2.5 % by weight of the composition. Water Phase The water phase preferably contains about 70 to about 98% by weight, more preferably from about 85 to about 96% by weight, and most preferably from about 90 to about 95% by weight of water. The water phase can optionally include other liquid, water-miscible or water-soluble solvents such as lower alkyl alcohols, e. g. C1-C5 alkyl monohydric alcohols, preferably C2-03 alkyl alcohols. However, the liquid fatty alcohol must be miscible in the aqueous phase of the composition. Said fatty alcohol can be naturally miscible in the aqueous phase or can be made miscible through the use of cosolvents or surfactants. The mousse of the composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity at 25^0 of at least about 50 mPa • s, preferably from about 100 mPas to about 1,500 mPas, more preferably from about 200 mPa • s to about 1,000 mPa • s. Viscosity is determined by HAAKE Rotation Viscometer VT 550 with cooling/heating vessel and sensor systems according to DIN 53019 (MV-DIN), shear rate is 12.9 s'1. The compositions of the present invention preferably have a pH of from about 2.5 to about 11, more preferably from about 3 to about 9.5, most preferably from about 4.0 to about 7.0. Cationic Polvmer Conditioning Agent The compositions of the present invention can also contain one or more cationic polymer conditioning agents. The cationic polymer conditioning agent will preferably be water soluble. Cationic polymers are typically used in the same ranges as disclosed above for cationic surfactants. By "water soluble" cationic organic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which is sufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a concentration of 0.1 % in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25 "C. Preferably, the polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear solution at 0.5% concentration, more preferably at 1.0% concentration. As used herein, the term "polymer" shall include materials whether made by polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or more types of monomers. The cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight average molecular weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about 10,000, and is less than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecular weight is from about 100,000 to about 2 million. The cationic polymers will generally have cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, or a mixture thereof. The cationic charge density is preferably at least about 0.1 meq/gram, more preferably at least about 1.5 meq/gram, even more preferably at least abut 1.1 meq/gram, most preferably at least about 1.2 meq/gram. Cationic charge density of the cationic polymer can be determined according to the Neldahl Method. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the charge density of amino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectric point of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use. Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as the water solubility criteria is met. Suitable counterions include halides (e. g., Cl, Br, I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also be used, as this list is not exclusive. The cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a substituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning polymers. Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers etc. of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units. Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alky) and dialkyl met hacry lam ides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrroli-done. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C1-C3 alkyl groups. Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl, alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol. The cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary, amines, are preferred. Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerized in the amine form, and then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternization reaction. Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent to formation of the polymer. For example, tertiary amine functionalities can be quaternized by reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C1-C7 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a water soluble salt with the quaternized ammonium. Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyal-kyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g. alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl portions of these monomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C1-C3 alkyls, more preferably 01 and C2 alkyls. Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups are preferably C1-C7 hydro-carbyls, more preferably C1-C3 alkyls. The cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or compatible spacer monomers. Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany, NJ, USA) under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e. g. LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11) such as those commercially available from Gaf Corporation (Wayne, NJ, USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename (e.g., GA17QUAT 755N); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for example, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chlo- ride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-6 and Polyquaternium-7, respectively; and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of un-saturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in U.S. Patent 4,009,256, incorporated herein by reference. Other cationic polymers that can be used include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic polysaccharide polymer materials suitable for use herein include those of the formula: (Formula Removed) wherein: A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglu-cose residual, R is an alkyene, oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof, R1, R2, and R3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R1, R2 and R3) preferably being about 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion, as previously described. Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR©and LR© series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-10. Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200©. Other cationic polymers that can be used include cationic quar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (commercially available from Celanese Corp. in their JaguarR© series). Other materials include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e. g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,962,418, incorporated by reference herein), and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e. g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,958,581, incorporated by reference herein). As discussed above, the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. This does not mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition. Preferably however, the cationic polymer is either soluble in the composition, or in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and anionic material. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can be formed with anionic surfactants or with anionic polymers that can optionally be added to the compositions hereof (e. g. sodium polystyrene sulfonate). Silicone Conditioning Agents The compositions hereof can also include nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents. By soluble what is meant is that the silicone conditioning agent is miscible with the aqueous carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase. By insoluble what is meant is that the silicone from a separate, discontinuous phase from the aqueous carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone. Soluble silicones include silicone copolyols, such as dimethicone copolyols, e.g. polyether siloxane-modified polymers, such as polypropylene oxide, polyethylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the level of ethylene and/or propyl6ne oxide sufficient to allow solubility in the composition. Preferred, however, are insoluble silicones. The insoluble silicone hair conditioning agent for use herein will preferably have viscosity of from about 1,000 to about 2,000,000 centi-stokes at 25tC, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 1,800,000, even more preferably from about 100,000 to about 1,500,000 centistokes at 25°C. The viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20,1970. Suitable insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties can also be used. The term "nonvolatile" as used herein shall mean that the silicone has a boiling point of at least about 260 The preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethyl-phenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane is especially preferred. The nonvolatile polyalkylsi-loxane fluids that may be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These silox-anes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200®series. The polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, for example, polymethyl-phenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid or diquaternary silikones as for example INCI Quaternium-80 (e. g. Abil® Quat 3272 or Abil® Quat 3270 of Th. Goldschmidt AG, Germany). Especially preferred, for enhancing the shine characteristics of hair, are highly arylated silicones, such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive indices of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher. When these high refractive index silicones are used, they should be mixed with a spreading agent, such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material. The polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include, for example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC-1248®) although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used. The ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low to prevent solubility in the composition hereof. Another silicone hair conditioning material that can be especially useful in the silicone conditioning agents is insoluble silicone gum. The term "silicone gum", as used herein, means polyorganosiloxane materials having a viscosity at 25 "C of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 centistokes. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch and others including U.S. Patent 4,152,416, Spitzer et al., issued May 1,1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968. Also describing silicone gums are General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76. All of these described references are incorporated herein by reference. The "silicone gums" will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsi-loxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl siloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof. Preferably the silicone hair conditioning agent comprises a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane gum, having a viscosity greater than about 1,000,000 centistokes and polydimethylsiloxane fluid having a viscosity of from about 10 centistokes to about 100,000 centistokes at 250, wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about 70:30, preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40. An optional ingredient that can be included in the silicone conditioning agent is silicone resin. Silicone resins are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems. The crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes with mono-functional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material. Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein. Preferably, the ratio of oxygen : silicon atoms is at least about 1.2 :1.0. Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, tri-methyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinyl-chlorosi lanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl- substituted silanes being most commonly utilized. Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267®. Commercially available silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid. The silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Silicone resins can enhance deposition of silicone on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes. Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the monofunctional unit (CH3)3SiO).5; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO1.5; and Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit SiO2. Primes of the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', '17, and Q' denote substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each occurrence. Typical alternate substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyls, amines, hydroxyls, etc. The molar ratios of the various units, either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone (or an average thereof) or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system. Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T' and/or Q' to D, D1, M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking. As discussed before, however, the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio. The silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins. Thus, the preferred silicone substituent is methyl. Especially preferred are MQ resins wherein the M:Q ratio is from about 0.5 :1.0 to about 1.5 :1.0 and the average molecular weight of the resin is from about 1,000 to about 10,000. The silicone hair conditioning agent can be used in the compositions hereof at levels of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.3 % to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 3.0%, most preferably from about 1.0% to about 3.0 % by weight. Additional Conditioning Agents The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or more additional conditioning agents, such as those selected from the group consisting of avocado oil, fatty ac- ids, Isopropyl myristate, lanolin, apple wax, bees wax or jojoba oil, phospholipides, e. g. lecithines or ceramldes; vaseline nonvolatile hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon esters. Useful are also imidazolidinyl derivatives as for example INCI Quaternium-87 (Rewoquat® W 575 of Witco, Germany). The components hereof can comprise from 0.1% to about 20%, preferably, from about 0.1 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, of additional conditioning agents. Other Ingredients The compositions herein can contain a variety of other optional components suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits. Such conventional optional ingredients are well-known to those skilled in the art. A wide variety of additonal ingredients can be formulated into the present composition. These include: other conditioning agents, e. g. betaine, carnitin esters, creatine, amino acids, peptides, proteines and vitamines; hair-hold polymers, detersive surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants; thickening agents and suspending agents, such as xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, starch and starch derivatives, viscosity modifiers such as metha-nolamides of long chain fatty acids, cocomonoethanol amide, salts such as sodium potassium chloride and sulfate and crystalline suspending agents, and pearlescent aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; UV-filters such as p-methoxy cinnamic acid isoamylester, lipo-philc cinnamic acid esters, salicylic acid esters, 4-amino benzoic acid derivatives or hydro-philic sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones or 3-benzyliden campher; antioxidants such as tocopheroles; preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl para-ben and imidazolidinyl urea; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl alcohol; pH adjusting agents, such as citric acid, formic acid, glyoxylic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, sodium citrate, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such as potassium acetate and sodium chloride; coloring agents, such as any of the FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidizing (bleaching) agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, perborate and persulfate salts; hair reducing agents, such as the thioglycolates; perfumes, sequestering agents, such as disodium ethylenediamine tetra-acetate, and polymer plasticizing agents, such as glycerin, disobutyl adipate, butyl stearate, and propylene glycol. Such optional ingredients generally are used individually at levels from about 0.01% to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 5.0% of the composition. The compositions of the present invention can further comprise from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1% of a polymer thickening agent. They can still provide a good perception of spreading upon application to the hair. METHOD OF USE The hair care compositions of the present invention are used in conventional ways to provide the conditioning and shine benefits of the present invention. Such method of use depends upon the type of aerosol cream composition employed but generally involves application of an effective amount of the product to the hair, which may then be rinsed from the hair (as in the case of hair rinses) or allowed to remain on the hair (as in the case of leave-in products). By "effective amount" it is meant an amount sufficient enough to provide a hair conditioning and/or hair shine benefit. In general, from about 1g to about 50g is applied to the hair on the scalp. The composition is distributed throughout the hair by, typically by rubbing or massaging the hair and scalp with ones' hands or by another's hands. Preferably, the composition is applied to wet or damp hair prior to drying of the hair. After such compositions are applied to the hair, the hair is dried and styled in accordance with the desires of the user and in the usual ways of the user. Alternately, the composition is applied to dry hair, and the hair is then combed or styled in accordance with the desires of the user. The aerosol mousse according to the present invention can be used for leave-in and rinse-off applications as well. In the latter case, the period of action of the composition depends on the temperature (about 20*0 to 50 EXAMPLES The following examples illustrate the present invention. It will be appreciated that other modifications of the present invention within the skill of those in the hair care formulation art can be undertaken without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. All parts, percentages, and ratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified. Some components may come from suppliers as dilute solutions. The levels given reflect the weight percent of the active material, unless otherwise specified. Example 1 0.40 g 2.20 g 1.90g 0.30 g ad 100.00 g cetyl trimethylammonium chloride cetyl stearyl alcohol carbon dioxide parfume oil water Example 2 0.50 g 1.80g 2.20 g 0.20 g 0.30 g ad 100.00 g behenyl trimethylammonium chloride cetyl alcohol carbon dioxide aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane (CTFA: AMODIMETHICONE) parfume oil water Example 3 0.40 g 2.00 g 1.80Q 0.25 g 0.20 g ad 100.00 g dimethyl ditallowammonium chloride (CTFA: QUATERNIUM-18) stearyl alcohol carbon dioxide di-quaternized polydimethylsiloxane (CTFA: QUATERNIUM-80) parfume oil water Example 4 0.60 g 2.00 g 2.50 g 3.00 g 0.30 g ad 100.00 g stearyl amidopropyl methyl amine behenyl alcohol carbon dioxide cyclotetradimethylsiloxane (CTFA: CYCLOMETHICONE) parfume oil water Example 5 0.40 g cetyl trimethylammonium chloride 2.00 g cetyl stearyl alcohol 0.50 g ethoxylated aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane (CTFA: PEG-7 AMODIMETHICONE) 1.00 g dimethicone (CTFA: DIMETHICONE) 1.60 g carbon dioxide 0.30 g parfume oil ad 100.00 g water Example 6 0.70 g 2.00 g 1.50g 0.50 g ad 100.00 g cetyl trimethylammonium chloride myristyl alcohol carbon dioxide parfume oil water COMPARISON EXPERIMENTS MOUSSE CONSISTENCY Associated with the less creamy consistency the aerosol mousse described in example 1 of Japanese patent 3,616,154 (see picture 2) leads to significantly bigger bubbles than the mousse of example 1 of the present invention (see picture 1). The microscopic pictures of both aerosol mousses (picture 3 / example 1 invention) and (picture 4 / example 1 of JP 3,616,154) display a scale of 0.5 mm. The average bubble sizes are: (Table Removed) As can be taken from pictures 3 and 4 and the table above, the bubbles of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention are about 7 times smaller than those of aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. This leads to a more creamy and glossy consistency and also to a better conditioning performance. A foam containing finer bubbles lead to a more homogenous distribution after applying to hair. HALF HEAD TEST Further half head tests done by stylists show performance advantages of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention example 1 in comparison to the aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. Half-head comparisons enables the hairstylist to evaluate the effects of hair products in comparison with a defined standard. This involves a sample of the test product being applied to the head of one model, and then being directly compared to a comparison sample or the untreated hair according to various technical hairstyling criteria. This test is termed a half-head comparison because the test samples are applied to one half the head respectively, thus enabling a direct comparison under absolutely identical test conditions (identical hair structure, degree of damage, hair color etc.). The performance of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention (example 1) was compared with the performance of the aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. Both aerosol mousses were applied as rinse-off conditioners. A detailed description of the half head test is given further below. The following hair care criteria were judged by experienced stylists: • distribution of the mousse • creaminess of the mousse • wet combability after application and rinsing • dry feel after drying • hair shine Half head test are carried out with 5 volunteers, the numbers indicated for how many volunteers each criteria was judged and how: (Table Removed) The results indicated clearly that the aerosol mousse according to the present invention leads to better distribution in hair during the application, more creaminess, better combability, better dry feel and more intense hair shine. Test Methods Half Head Test Half-head comparisons enable the hairstylist to evaluate the effects of hair products in comparison with a defined standard. This involves a sample of the test product being applied to the head of one model, and then being directly compared to a comparison sample or the untreated hair according to various technical hairstyling criteria. This test is termed a half-head comparison because the test samples are applied to one half the head respectively, thus enabling a direct comparison under absolutely identical test conditions (identical hair structure, degree of damage, hair color etc.). The selection of models is as random as possible, although the following guidelines must be met: - A hair diagnosis establishes whether the model is suitable for the planned half-head comparison - Hair structure must be commensurate with the type of product to be tested, e.g. normal hair structure for normal hair conditioning products, colored hair for colored hair condi tioning products etc. - Hair should be at least 12 cm long so that feel and combability can be assessed cor rectly - The amount of hair of each model should be big enough to enable a clear-cut assess ment - Hairstyles should be symmetrical; otherwise the hair may be thicker on one half than the other Each model's hair is washed twice with neutral shampoo and subsequently towel-dried. The towel-dried hair is then parted in the middle into two sections from brow to neck. One of the sections is treated with a composition according to example 1 of the present invention; A composition according to example 1 of patent JP 3,616,154 being applied to the other section, whereby the same quantity of product must be applied to both sections (amount depending on hair length). Evaluation Criteria Half Head Tests: Creaminess: The product mass on the hair is lightly rubbed between the fingers, and an assessment made of which side feels creamier or more watery. Distribution: Evaluation here is of whether a product is easier or more difficult to work into the hair. Wet Combabilitv: Combability of the hair is assessed by placing an aluminum comb parallel to the middle parting and running it through the hair to the shoulder. The comb must remain at a 90° angle throughout and also remain in contact with the scalp throughout combing in order to avoid varying comb angles. The amount of resis- tance/effort needed during combing is the basis for evaluating the product as easier to comb/more difficult to comb. Dry Feel: When the hair is completely dry, the evaluating stylist assesses the dry feel of the hair. This is assessed by running the hair from root to end between the thumb and middle and index fingers, while simultaneously applying light pressure; or alternatively, by running lightly outspread fingers through the hair from root to end. If the hair runs easily through the fingers, this is referred to as a smooth feel; if the hair is impeded from running easily through the fingers, this is referred to as a coarse feel. Hair Shine: Hair shine is evaluated by looking at the reflection of light on the hair under standard conditions (natural daylight or a daylight lamp). From a distance of 0.5 m, and with slight head movements by the model, the light reflection or shine is evaluated as more/less. Photos A Casio LCD-Digitalcamera QV-4000, flash and foreground modus was used. Microscopy Microscope: Leica DM/RD. Microscope photos were taken by a digital camera (Polaroid DMC le, lens 2.5), which was connected to the microscope. For data analysis of the microscope photos Analysis Program Version 3.0 (Soft Imaging Systems) was used. Horizontal diameters of the aerosol bubbles were measured. We Claim: 1. Aerosol composition characterized in that it comprises: (A) 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of a cationic surfactant, (B) 1.5 to 3% by weight of a fatty alcohol, (C) 0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide, and (D) 0 to 1% by weight of at least one further propellant, wherein the aerosol composition further comprises from 0.1% to 10% by weight, of an additional hair conditioning agent being non-volatile, non-crosslinked silicones. 2. The aerosol composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composition comprises 0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide as the sole propellant. 3. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said composition further comprises 70 to 98% by weight of water. 4. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said cationic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of cetyl trimethyl ammonium salts, behenyl trimethyl ammonium salts, dimethyl ditallow ammonium salts and stearyl amido-propyl dimethylamine. 5. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said composition has a weight ratio of fatty alcohols having melting points of above 30°C to fatty alcohols having melting points of 30°C or lower of no greater than 0.25. 6. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said low melting point fatty alcohol has a melting point of 25°C or lower. 7. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said low melting point fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated C12- C22 straight chain alcohols, saturated C12-C18 branched chain alcohols, saturated C8-C12 straight chain alcohols, and mixtures thereof. 8. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated C16 - C18 straight chain fatty alcohols, C14 - C18 branched chain fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof. 9. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. 10. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims , for use in conditioning human hair.

Full Text

TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a new aerosol cream mousse formulation, preferably an aerosol cream mousse hair treating composition, especially for hair conditioning purposes and the method of use.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hair cosmetics aerosols (foams respectively mousses) for hair conditioning purposes deliver significant advantages concerning distribution and handling in comparison with emulsions or dispersions. Nevertheless the disadvantage of conventional mousses are the hap-tical and optical properties, these mousses are less creamy and rich than emulsions and dispersion. Therefore lots of consumers do not use conditioning aerosol mousses, especially those with damaged hair, because the optical and haptical (feel and touch) properties do not meet the need for creamy and rich textures of consumers having damaged hair.
It was therefore an object of the present invention to develop an aerosol cream mousse formulation, preferably a hair care aerosol cream mousse, delivering much more creami-ness and richness than conventional mousses. The idea of developing more creamy aerosol mousses is known from Japanese patent 3,616,154 that describes a composition containing a surface active agent, monohydric higher alcohol, wood ether as liquified gas and carbon dioxide as compressed gas in order to achieve a richer mousse texture.
It is an object of this invention to provide a new aerosol cream mousse formulation preferable for hair treating compositions without having the tendency to be unstable during storage and enabling a good distribution on the hair. It is desirable to provide such a composition, as described above in aerosol form, such as a "whipped cream", which can be easily applied and rinsed from the hair. It is a further object of this invention to provide such a hair care composition that has an aesthetically pleasing wet hair feel, a glossy consistency and perception of spreading upon application to the hair together with excellent wet and dry combability of hair.
It is further desirable to provide a method for conditioning hair in accordance with the above compositions.
These and other objects and benefits of the present invention as may be set forth herein as may now or later become apparent to those skilled in the art can be provided according to the invention which is described herein.
The invention hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements described herein as welt as any of the preferred or other optional ingredients described herein.
All percentages herein are by weight of the composition unless otherwise indicated. All ratios are weight ratios unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages, ratios, and levels of ingredients referred to herein are based on the actual amount of the ingredient, and do not include solvents, fillers, or other materials with which the ingredient may be combined in commercially available products. All documents referred to herein, including all patents, all patent applications and all articles, are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides stable aerosol cream mousse composition, preferably hair care composition, that can provide enhanced touch, combability, alignment and volume reduction to the hair, with low or reduced greasy, oily hair feel, while being formulated in an emulsion having a thick, cream-type rheology with excellent spreading, perception of spreading, and feel.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it was found that, due to the use of a preparation of a cationic surfactant, a higher alcohol and carbon dioxide, preferably as the sole propellant, a very rich, creamy and glossy aerosol mousse can be achieved.
The invention is defined in claim 1. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependant claims.
The aerosol composition is based on the combination of component (A) a cationic surfactant, which is generally a quaternary ammonium compound such as e. g.
ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, (B) a fatty alcohol, such as e. g. cetyl and stearyl alcohol, and (C) carbon dioxide.
The essential ingredients as well as a variety, but non-exclusive, list of preferred and optional ingredients are described below.
Cationic surfactants
Cationic surfactants preferably used in the composition of the present invention, contain amino or quaternary ammonium moieties. Cationic surfactants among those useful herein are disclosed in the following documents, all incorporated by reference herein: M.C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's, Detergents & Emulsifiers, (North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al., Surface Active Agents, Their Chemistry and Technology, New York. Inter-science Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hilfer issued November 3,1964; U. S. Patent 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30,1975; U S. Patent 3,959,461, Bailey et al., issued May 25,1976; and U. S. Patent 4,387,090, Bolich, Jr., issued June 7, 1983.
Among the quaternary ammonium-containing cationic surfactant materials useful herein are those of the general formula (I)
(Formula Removed)
wherein R1 to R4 are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e. g. chloride, bromide, iodide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulfate, and alkylsulfate radicals.
The aliphatic groups may contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, either linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. The longer chain aliphatic groups, e. g. those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or unsaturated. Especially preferred are di-long chain (e.g., di C12-C22, preferably C16-C18, aliphatic, preferably alkyl), di-short chain (e.g. C1 - C3 alkyl, preferably C1 - C2 alkyl) ammonium salts. Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable cationic surfactant materials. The alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms,
and may be substituted or unsubstituted. Such amines, useful herein, include stearamido propyl dimethyl amine, diethyl amino ethyl stearamide, dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamine, myristyl amine, tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamine, N-tallowpropane diamine, ethoxylated (5 moles E.O.) stearylamine, dihydorxy ethyl stearylamine, and ara-chidylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts include the halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkyl sulfate salts. Such salts include stearylamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearylamine formate, N- tallowpropane diamine dichloride and steara-midopropyl dimethylamine citrate. Cationic amine surfactants included among those useful in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued June 23,1981, incorporated by reference herein. Preferred cationte surfactants are Genamin® CTAC, i. e. cetyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride, esterquats as for example tet-radecyl betainester chloride, diesterquats as for example dipalmitylethyl dimethyl-ammoniumchloride (Armocare VGH70 of Akzo, Germany), or a mixture of distearoylethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate and Cetearyl Alkohol (Dehyquart F-75 of Henkel, Germany).
Cationic surfactants (A) are preferably contained at levels of from about 0.1 % to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1,5%, most preferably from about 0.4% to about 0.8%, by weight of the composition.
Fattv alcohol
The compositions of the present invention comprise a nonvolatile low melting point fatty alcohol. The fatty alcohols hereof have a melting point of 30'C or less, preferably about 25 "C or less, more preferably about 22 "C or less. The unsaturated fatty alcohols hereof are also nonvolatile. By nonvolatile what is meant is they have a boiling point at 1.0 atmospheres of at least about 260 "C, preferably at least about 275*0, more preferably at least about 300"C. Suitable fatty alcohols include unsaturated monohydric straight chain fatty alcohols, saturated branched chain fatty alcohols, saturated C8-C12 straight chain fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof. The unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohols will typically have one degree of unsaturation. Oi- and tri- unsaturated alkenyl chains may be present at low levels, preferably less than about 5% by total weight of the unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohol more preferably less than about 2%, most preferably less than about 1 %. Preferably, the unsaturated straight chain fatty alcohols will have an aliphatic chain size of from C12-C22, more preferably from C12-C18, most preferably from C16-C18. Exemplary alcohols of this type include oleyl alcohol, and palmitoleic alcohol.
The branched chain alcohols will typically have aliphatic chain sizes of from C12-C22, preferably C14-C20, more preferably C16-C18.
Exemplary branched chain alcohols for use herein include isostearyl alcohol, octyl dodeca-nol, and octyl decanol.
Examples of saturated C8-C12 straight chain alcohols include octyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, decyl alcohol, and lauryl alcohol, The low melting point fatty alcohols hereof are used at a level of from about 0.1 % to about 10%, by weight of the composition, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%.
The present compositions are preferably limited to levels of monohydric saturated straight chain fatty alcohols, such as cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, and other waxy fatty alcohols having melting points above 45 However, it may be desirable to use waxy fatty alcohols for their conditioning benefits. In the event that such saturated fatty alcohols are present, the weight ratio of the liquid to waxy fatty alcohols is preferably no greater than about 0.25, more preferably no greater than about 0.15, more preferably than about 0.10.
The total amount of fatty alcohols in the composition is preferably about 0.5 to about 5.0 % by weight, more preferably from about 1.0 to about 4.0% by weight, and most preferably from about 1.5 to about 3.0% by weight.
Carbon dioxide
Also it is preferred that carbon dioxide is the sole propellant, small amounts up to about 1% by weight of other propellants, such as e. g. propane, butane, isobutane, dimethyl ether and N2O, may also be present without disadvantage.
The amount of carbon dioxide is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 % by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 % by weight and most preferably 1.5 to 2.5 % by weight of the composition.
Water Phase
The water phase preferably contains about 70 to about 98% by weight, more preferably from about 85 to about 96% by weight, and most preferably from about 90 to about 95% by weight of water.
The water phase can optionally include other liquid, water-miscible or water-soluble solvents such as lower alkyl alcohols, e. g. C1-C5 alkyl monohydric alcohols, preferably C2-03 alkyl alcohols. However, the liquid fatty alcohol must be miscible in the aqueous phase of the composition. Said fatty alcohol can be naturally miscible in the aqueous phase or can be made miscible through the use of cosolvents or surfactants.
The mousse of the composition of the present invention preferably has a viscosity at 25^0 of at least about 50 mPa • s, preferably from about 100 mPas to about 1,500 mPas, more preferably from about 200 mPa • s to about 1,000 mPa • s. Viscosity is determined by HAAKE Rotation Viscometer VT 550 with cooling/heating vessel and sensor systems according to DIN 53019 (MV-DIN), shear rate is 12.9 s'1.
The compositions of the present invention preferably have a pH of from about 2.5 to about 11, more preferably from about 3 to about 9.5, most preferably from about 4.0 to about 7.0.
Cationic Polvmer Conditioning Agent
The compositions of the present invention can also contain one or more cationic polymer conditioning agents. The cationic polymer conditioning agent will preferably be water soluble. Cationic polymers are typically used in the same ranges as disclosed above for cationic surfactants.
By "water soluble" cationic organic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which is sufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a concentration of 0.1 % in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25 "C. Preferably, the polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear solution at 0.5% concentration, more preferably at 1.0% concentration. As used herein, the term "polymer" shall include materials whether made by polymerization
of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or more types of monomers.
The cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight average molecular weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about 10,000, and is less than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecular weight is from about 100,000 to about 2 million. The cationic polymers will generally have cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, or a mixture thereof.
The cationic charge density is preferably at least about 0.1 meq/gram, more preferably at least about 1.5 meq/gram, even more preferably at least abut 1.1 meq/gram, most preferably at least about 1.2 meq/gram. Cationic charge density of the cationic polymer can be determined according to the Neldahl Method. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the charge density of amino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectric point of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use. Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as the water solubility criteria is met. Suitable counterions include halides (e. g., Cl, Br, I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also be used, as this list is not exclusive. The cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a substituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning polymers. Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers etc. of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units.
Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alky) and dialkyl met hacry lam ides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrroli-done. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C1-C3 alkyl groups.
Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl, alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
The cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary
amines, especially tertiary, amines, are preferred. Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerized in the amine form, and then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternization reaction. Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent to formation of the polymer. For example, tertiary amine functionalities can be quaternized by reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C1-C7 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a water soluble salt with the quaternized ammonium.
Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyal-kyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g. alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl portions of these monomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C1-C3 alkyls, more preferably 01 and C2 alkyls. Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups are preferably C1-C7 hydro-carbyls, more preferably C1-C3 alkyls.
The cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or compatible spacer monomers.
Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany, NJ, USA) under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e. g. LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11) such as those commercially available from Gaf Corporation (Wayne, NJ, USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename (e.g., GA17QUAT 755N); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for example, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chlo-
ride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-6 and Polyquaternium-7, respectively; and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of un-saturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in U.S. Patent 4,009,256, incorporated herein by reference. Other cationic polymers that can be used include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Cationic polysaccharide polymer materials suitable for use herein include those of the formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein: A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglu-cose residual, R is an alkyene, oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof, R1, R2, and R3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R1, R2 and R3) preferably being about 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion, as previously described.
Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR©and LR© series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-10.
Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium-24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200©.
Other cationic polymers that can be used include cationic quar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (commercially available from Celanese Corp. in their JaguarR© series).
Other materials include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e. g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,962,418, incorporated by reference herein), and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e. g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,958,581, incorporated by reference herein).
As discussed above, the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. This does not mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition. Preferably however, the cationic polymer is either soluble in the composition, or in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and anionic material. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can be formed with anionic surfactants or with anionic polymers that can optionally be added to the compositions hereof (e. g. sodium polystyrene sulfonate).
Silicone Conditioning Agents
The compositions hereof can also include nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents. By soluble what is meant is that the silicone conditioning agent is miscible with the aqueous carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase. By insoluble what is meant is that the silicone from a separate, discontinuous phase from the aqueous carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone.
Soluble silicones include silicone copolyols, such as dimethicone copolyols, e.g. polyether siloxane-modified polymers, such as polypropylene oxide, polyethylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the level of ethylene and/or propyl6ne oxide sufficient to allow solubility in the composition.
Preferred, however, are insoluble silicones. The insoluble silicone hair conditioning agent for use herein will preferably have viscosity of from about 1,000 to about 2,000,000 centi-stokes at 25tC, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 1,800,000, even more preferably from about 100,000 to about 1,500,000 centistokes at 25°C. The viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20,1970.
Suitable insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties can also be used. The
term "nonvolatile" as used herein shall mean that the silicone has a boiling point of at least about 260 The preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethyl-phenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane is especially preferred. The nonvolatile polyalkylsi-loxane fluids that may be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These silox-anes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200®series.
The polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, for example, polymethyl-phenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid or diquaternary silikones as for example INCI Quaternium-80 (e. g. Abil® Quat 3272 or Abil® Quat 3270 of Th. Goldschmidt AG, Germany).
Especially preferred, for enhancing the shine characteristics of hair, are highly arylated silicones, such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive indices of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher. When these high refractive index silicones are used, they should be mixed with a spreading agent, such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material.
The polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include, for example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC-1248®) although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used. The ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low to prevent solubility in the composition hereof.
Another silicone hair conditioning material that can be especially useful in the silicone conditioning agents is insoluble silicone gum. The term "silicone gum", as used herein, means polyorganosiloxane materials having a viscosity at 25 "C of greater than or equal to
1,000,000 centistokes. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch and others including U.S. Patent 4,152,416, Spitzer et al., issued May 1,1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968. Also describing silicone gums are General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76. All of these described references are incorporated herein by reference. The "silicone gums" will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsi-loxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl siloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
Preferably the silicone hair conditioning agent comprises a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane gum, having a viscosity greater than about 1,000,000 centistokes and polydimethylsiloxane fluid having a viscosity of from about 10 centistokes to about 100,000 centistokes at 25*0, wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about 70:30, preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40.
An optional ingredient that can be included in the silicone conditioning agent is silicone resin. Silicone resins are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems. The crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes with mono-functional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material. Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.
Preferably, the ratio of oxygen : silicon atoms is at least about 1.2 :1.0. Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, tri-methyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinyl-chlorosi lanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl- substituted silanes being most commonly utilized. Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267®. Commercially available silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a
low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid. The silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Silicone resins can enhance deposition of silicone on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes.
Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the monofunctional unit (CH3)3SiO).5; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO1.5; and Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit SiO2. Primes of the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', '17, and Q' denote substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each occurrence. Typical alternate substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyls, amines, hydroxyls, etc. The molar ratios of the various units, either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone (or an average thereof) or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system. Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T' and/or Q' to D, D1, M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking. As discussed before, however, the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
The silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins. Thus, the preferred silicone substituent is methyl. Especially preferred are MQ resins wherein the M:Q ratio is from about 0.5 :1.0 to about 1.5 :1.0 and the average molecular weight of the resin is from about 1,000 to about 10,000.
The silicone hair conditioning agent can be used in the compositions hereof at levels of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.3 % to about 3%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 3.0%, most preferably from about 1.0% to about 3.0 % by weight.
Additional Conditioning Agents
The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or more additional conditioning agents, such as those selected from the group consisting of avocado oil, fatty ac-
ids, Isopropyl myristate, lanolin, apple wax, bees wax or jojoba oil, phospholipides, e. g. lecithines or ceramldes; vaseline nonvolatile hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon esters. Useful are also imidazolidinyl derivatives as for example INCI Quaternium-87 (Rewoquat® W 575 of Witco, Germany).
The components hereof can comprise from 0.1% to about 20%, preferably, from about 0.1 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, of additional conditioning agents.
Other Ingredients
The compositions herein can contain a variety of other optional components suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits. Such conventional optional ingredients are well-known to those skilled in the art.
A wide variety of additonal ingredients can be formulated into the present composition. These include: other conditioning agents, e. g. betaine, carnitin esters, creatine, amino acids, peptides, proteines and vitamines; hair-hold polymers, detersive surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants; thickening agents and suspending agents, such as xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, starch and starch derivatives, viscosity modifiers such as metha-nolamides of long chain fatty acids, cocomonoethanol amide, salts such as sodium potassium chloride and sulfate and crystalline suspending agents, and pearlescent aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; UV-filters such as p-methoxy cinnamic acid isoamylester, lipo-philc cinnamic acid esters, salicylic acid esters, 4-amino benzoic acid derivatives or hydro-philic sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones or 3-benzyliden campher; antioxidants such as tocopheroles; preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl para-ben and imidazolidinyl urea; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl alcohol; pH adjusting agents, such as citric acid, formic acid, glyoxylic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, sodium citrate, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such as potassium acetate and sodium chloride; coloring agents, such as any of the FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidizing (bleaching) agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, perborate and persulfate salts; hair reducing agents, such as the thioglycolates; perfumes, sequestering agents, such as disodium ethylenediamine tetra-acetate, and polymer plasticizing agents, such as glycerin, disobutyl adipate, butyl stearate, and propylene glycol.
Such optional ingredients generally are used individually at levels from about 0.01% to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 5.0% of the composition.
The compositions of the present invention can further comprise from about 0.1% to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 1%, and most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1% of a polymer thickening agent. They can still provide a good perception of spreading upon application to the hair.
METHOD OF USE
The hair care compositions of the present invention are used in conventional ways to provide the conditioning and shine benefits of the present invention. Such method of use depends upon the type of aerosol cream composition employed but generally involves application of an effective amount of the product to the hair, which may then be rinsed from the hair (as in the case of hair rinses) or allowed to remain on the hair (as in the case of leave-in products). By "effective amount" it is meant an amount sufficient enough to provide a hair conditioning and/or hair shine benefit. In general, from about 1g to about 50g is applied to the hair on the scalp. The composition is distributed throughout the hair by, typically by rubbing or massaging the hair and scalp with ones' hands or by another's hands.
Preferably, the composition is applied to wet or damp hair prior to drying of the hair. After such compositions are applied to the hair, the hair is dried and styled in accordance with the desires of the user and in the usual ways of the user. Alternately, the composition is applied to dry hair, and the hair is then combed or styled in accordance with the desires of the user.
The aerosol mousse according to the present invention can be used for leave-in and rinse-off applications as well. In the latter case, the period of action of the composition depends on the temperature (about 20*0 to 50 EXAMPLES
The following examples illustrate the present invention. It will be appreciated that other modifications of the present invention within the skill of those in the hair care formulation art can be undertaken without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
All parts, percentages, and ratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified. Some components may come from suppliers as dilute solutions. The levels given reflect the weight percent of the active material, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1
0.40 g 2.20 g 1.90g 0.30 g
ad 100.00 g

cetyl trimethylammonium chloride
cetyl stearyl alcohol
carbon dioxide
parfume oil
water

Example 2 0.50 g 1.80g 2.20 g 0.20 g
0.30 g ad 100.00 g

behenyl trimethylammonium chloride cetyl alcohol carbon dioxide
aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane (CTFA: AMODIMETHICONE) parfume oil
water

Example 3 0.40 g
2.00 g 1.80Q 0.25 g
0.20 g ad 100.00 g

dimethyl ditallowammonium chloride (CTFA: QUATERNIUM-18) stearyl alcohol
carbon dioxide
di-quaternized polydimethylsiloxane (CTFA: QUATERNIUM-80) parfume oil
water

Example 4 0.60 g 2.00 g 2.50 g 3.00 g
0.30 g ad 100.00 g

stearyl amidopropyl methyl amine behenyl alcohol carbon dioxide
cyclotetradimethylsiloxane (CTFA: CYCLOMETHICONE) parfume oil
water

Example 5
0.40 g cetyl trimethylammonium chloride
2.00 g cetyl stearyl alcohol
0.50 g ethoxylated aminofunctional polydimethylsiloxane
(CTFA: PEG-7 AMODIMETHICONE)
1.00 g dimethicone (CTFA: DIMETHICONE)
1.60 g carbon dioxide
0.30 g parfume oil
ad 100.00 g water

Example 6 0.70 g 2.00 g 1.50g 0.50 g ad 100.00 g

cetyl trimethylammonium chloride
myristyl alcohol
carbon dioxide
parfume oil
water

COMPARISON EXPERIMENTS
MOUSSE CONSISTENCY
Associated with the less creamy consistency the aerosol mousse described in example 1 of Japanese patent 3,616,154 (see picture 2) leads to significantly bigger bubbles than the mousse of example 1 of the present invention (see picture 1). The microscopic pictures of both aerosol mousses (picture 3 / example 1 invention) and (picture 4 / example 1 of JP 3,616,154) display a scale of 0.5 mm.
The average bubble sizes are:

(Table Removed)
As can be taken from pictures 3 and 4 and the table above, the bubbles of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention are about 7 times smaller than those of aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. This leads to a more creamy and glossy consistency and also to a better conditioning performance. A foam containing finer bubbles lead to a more homogenous distribution after applying to hair.
HALF HEAD TEST
Further half head tests done by stylists show performance advantages of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention example 1 in comparison to the aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. Half-head comparisons enables the hairstylist to evaluate the effects of hair products in comparison with a defined standard. This involves a sample of the test product being applied to the head of one model, and then being directly compared to a comparison sample or the untreated hair according to various technical hairstyling criteria. This test is termed a half-head comparison because the test samples are applied to one half the head respectively, thus enabling a direct comparison under absolutely identical test conditions (identical hair structure, degree of damage, hair color etc.). The performance of the aerosol mousse according to the present invention (example 1) was compared with the performance of the aerosol mousse of example 1 of JP 3,616,154. Both aerosol mousses were applied as rinse-off conditioners. A detailed description of the
half head test is given further below.
The following hair care criteria were judged by experienced stylists:
• distribution of the mousse
• creaminess of the mousse
• wet combability after application and rinsing
• dry feel after drying
• hair shine
Half head test are carried out with 5 volunteers, the numbers indicated for how many volunteers each criteria was judged and how:

(Table Removed)
The results indicated clearly that the aerosol mousse according to the present invention leads to better distribution in hair during the application, more creaminess, better combability, better dry feel and more intense hair shine.
Test Methods
Half Head Test
Half-head comparisons enable the hairstylist to evaluate the effects of hair products in comparison with a defined standard. This involves a sample of the test product being applied to the head of one model, and then being directly compared to a comparison sample or the untreated hair according to various technical hairstyling criteria. This test is termed a half-head comparison because the test samples are applied to one half the head respectively, thus enabling a direct comparison under absolutely identical test conditions (identical hair structure, degree of damage, hair color etc.).
The selection of models is as random as possible, although the following guidelines must be met:
- A hair diagnosis establishes whether the model is suitable for the planned half-head
comparison
- Hair structure must be commensurate with the type of product to be tested, e.g. normal
hair structure for normal hair conditioning products, colored hair for colored hair condi
tioning products etc.
- Hair should be at least 12 cm long so that feel and combability can be assessed cor
rectly
- The amount of hair of each model should be big enough to enable a clear-cut assess
ment
- Hairstyles should be symmetrical; otherwise the hair may be thicker on one half than
the other
Each model's hair is washed twice with neutral shampoo and subsequently towel-dried. The towel-dried hair is then parted in the middle into two sections from brow to neck. One of the sections is treated with a composition according to example 1 of the present invention; A composition according to example 1 of patent JP 3,616,154 being applied to the other section, whereby the same quantity of product must be applied to both sections (amount depending on hair length).
Evaluation Criteria Half Head Tests:
Creaminess:
The product mass on the hair is lightly rubbed between the fingers, and an assessment made of which side feels creamier or more watery.
Distribution:
Evaluation here is of whether a product is easier or more difficult to work into the hair.
Wet Combabilitv:
Combability of the hair is assessed by placing an aluminum comb parallel to the middle parting and running it through the hair to the shoulder.
The comb must remain at a 90° angle throughout and also remain in contact with the scalp throughout combing in order to avoid varying comb angles. The amount of resis-
tance/effort needed during combing is the basis for evaluating the product as easier to comb/more difficult to comb.
Dry Feel:
When the hair is completely dry, the evaluating stylist assesses the dry feel of the hair. This is assessed by running the hair from root to end between the thumb and middle and index fingers, while simultaneously applying light pressure; or alternatively, by running lightly outspread fingers through the hair from root to end. If the hair runs easily through the fingers, this is referred to as a smooth feel; if the hair is impeded from running easily through the fingers, this is referred to as a coarse feel.
Hair Shine:
Hair shine is evaluated by looking at the reflection of light on the hair under standard conditions (natural daylight or a daylight lamp). From a distance of 0.5 m, and with slight head movements by the model, the light reflection or shine is evaluated as more/less.
Photos
A Casio LCD-Digitalcamera QV-4000, flash and foreground modus was used.
Microscopy
Microscope: Leica DM/RD. Microscope photos were taken by a digital camera (Polaroid DMC le, lens 2.5), which was connected to the microscope. For data analysis of the microscope photos Analysis Program Version 3.0 (Soft Imaging Systems) was used. Horizontal diameters of the aerosol bubbles were measured.

We Claim:
1. Aerosol composition characterized in that it comprises:
(A) 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of a cationic surfactant,
(B) 1.5 to 3% by weight of a fatty alcohol,
(C) 0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide, and
(D) 0 to 1% by weight of at least one further propellant,
wherein the aerosol composition further comprises from 0.1% to 10% by weight, of an additional hair conditioning agent being non-volatile, non-crosslinked silicones.
2. The aerosol composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composition
comprises
0.1 to 10% by weight of carbon dioxide as the sole propellant.
3. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein
said composition further comprises
70 to 98% by weight of water.
4. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said cationic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of cetyl trimethyl ammonium salts, behenyl trimethyl ammonium salts, dimethyl ditallow ammonium salts and stearyl amido-propyl dimethylamine.
5. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said composition has a weight ratio of fatty alcohols having melting points of above 30°C to fatty alcohols having melting points of 30°C or lower of no greater than 0.25.
6. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein said low melting point fatty alcohol has a melting point of 25°C or lower.

7. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein
said low melting point fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated C12-
C22 straight chain alcohols, saturated C12-C18 branched chain alcohols, saturated C8-C12
straight chain alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
8. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein
said fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated C16 - C18 straight chain
fatty alcohols, C14 - C18 branched chain fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
9. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims, wherein
said fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol,
myristyl alcohol and mixtures thereof.
10. The aerosol composition as claimed in any of the preceeding claims , for use in conditioning human hair.

Documents:

451-delnp-2008-abstract.pdf

451-delnp-2008-assignment.pdf

451-delnp-2008-Claims-(17-04-2013).pdf

451-delnp-2008-Claims-(30-01-2012).pdf

451-delnp-2008-claims.pdf

451-DELNP-2008-Correspondence Others-(14-10-2011).pdf

451-delnp-2008-Correspondence Others-(30-01-2012).pdf

451-delnp-2008-Correspondence-Others-(17-04-2013).pdf

451-delnp-2008-correspondence-others.pdf

451-delnp-2008-description (complete).pdf

451-delnp-2008-drawings.pdf

451-delnp-2008-form-1.pdf

451-delnp-2008-form-2.pdf

451-delnp-2008-form-26.pdf

451-DELNP-2008-Form-3-(14-10-2011).pdf

451-delnp-2008-form-3.pdf

451-delnp-2008-form-5.pdf

451-delnp-2008-GPA-(30-01-2012).pdf

451-delnp-2008-pct-210.pdf

451-delnp-2008-pct-304.pdf

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Patent Number

256026

Indian Patent Application Number

451/DELNP/2008

PG Journal Number

17/2013

Publication Date

26-Apr-2013

Grant Date

22-Apr-2013

Date of Filing

16-Jan-2008

Name of Patentee

THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY

Applicant Address

ONE PROCTER & GAMBLE PLAZA, CINCINNATI,OHIO 45202, USA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	KELLER, WALTER	IM HOEHLCHEN 2 A,64372 OBER-RAMSTADT (DE)
2	SPRINGOB, CHRISTIAN	WILLY-BRANDT-STR.10, 64653 LORSCH (DE)
3	SCHMICH, BIANKA	WORMSER STR.1, 68642 BUERSTADT (DE)
4	MELLER, TIMOTHY	ODENWALDSTRASSE 17,64850 SCHAAFHEIM (DE)

PCT International Classification Number

A61K 8/04

PCT International Application Number

PCT/IB2006/052465

PCT International Filing date

2006-07-18

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	05015528.2	2005-07-18	EPO