Title of Invention

AN ADDITIVE FOR APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION CHEMISTRY

Abstract

Additive for applications in construction chemistry, comprising an inorganic and/or organic core component A) consisting of water-soluble and/or water-swellable and/or water-absorbable compounds of the non-cellulose type selected from the group comprising oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, preferably starch ethers, welan gum, diutan gum, xanthan, chitosan or guar derivatives and/or sulfo group-containing copolymers and/or copolymes based on acrylamide and/or other hydrocolloid-forming or hydrogel-forming substances with rheology-enhancing properties and a shell component B) applied to the same by virtue of physical and/or chemical interactions which acts as a coating, wherein the shell component B) forms chemical and/or physical cross-links with the core component A), and wherein the shell component B) is a film-forming polymer which releases component A) during the application in constructional chemistry in a retarded manner where component B) is preferably polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol with one or two hydrophobic end groups, a modified polypiopylene glycol, a copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, polyvinylidene chloride, an alginate, cellulose derivative, starch derivative, gelatin, a wax and also any mixture thereof.

Full Text

Additive with applications in construction chemistry Description The present invention concerns a new additive for applications in construction chemistry consisting of a core component A) and a shell component B) applied to the same Modern building materials based on inorganic binders such as e g tile adhesives, plasters, levelling compounds, wall mortars etc must usually have an organic additive in order to fulfil the requirements made on them In this connection an average person skilled in the art will know that the type of organic modification has a greater effect on the most important properties of these formulations for construction chemicals than the selection and composition of the inorganic base components Examples of these properties are the water retention capacity or the stability of tile adhesives and filling compounds as well as the general rheological profile of such building materials The so-called modified cellulose ethers play almost the most important role in the case of such organic modifications whereby this term embraces a large variety of multiple substance systems Use of such cellulose ethers has enabled numerous building material properties to be specifically adapted to the respective application The composition of the said components and their effects on the adhesive tendency of corresponding building material systems is described in detail in the European Patent EP 530 768 B1 Combinations of additives are used which consist of water- soluble cellulose ethers and denvatives thereof, polyacrylamide, alkali or ammonium salts of cross-linked polyacrylates and polyacrylates that are optionally additionally grafted with starch which are usually referred to as superabsorbents (SAB), starch ethers' and additives of alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid or phenolsulfonic acid with formaldehyde or with sulfonic acid-modified polycondensation products of melamme and formaldehyde may also be suitable. The latter products improve especially the working properties of building material mixtures containing water by reducing the adhesive tendency of the building material mixtures containing water According to EP 530 768 A1 this multicomponent additive contains the starch ether together with polyacrylamide as a synthetic polymer compound in a blend with water-soluble mixed substituted cellulose ethers which, in addition to hydroxyethyl substituents, have 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl residues with 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group The selection and use of the water-soluble mixed substituted cellulose ethers that are blended with the starch ethers and the synthetic polymer compound is of decisive importance for the intended improvements . In this connection cellulose ether derivatives can be preferred which, in addition to the hydroxyethyl substitution, have at least one 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl residue with a straight-chain alkoxy residue with 2 to 6 C atoms DE 39 135 18 Al also teaches the composition of a appropriately modified cellulose ether systems. In particular it describes the special effect of a particular mixed substituted cellulose ether variant which has 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl residues with 2 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkoxy group in addition to hydroxyethyl substituents and is used in combination with starch ethers and anionic polyacrylamides US 4,487,764 Bl protects a special combination of the common cellulose ethers with swellable and non-flocculatmg organic polymers which are present in the form of cross-linked polyacrylates as superabsorbers and should ensure particularly advantageous working properties. Special viscosity-enhancing effects are also known from US 5,432,215 Bl in which a combination of cellulose ethers and superabsorbers is used in this connection DE 39 200 25 C2 describes considerable improvements in the working properties of plaster systems in the machine In particular they should reduce the destruction of the initially formed paste structure by corresponding shear forces Recently cellulose ether substitutes based on more suitable polysaccharides or synthetic and optionally water-swellable sulfogroup-containmg copolymers have been increasingly used Such compounds are described for example in DE 198 06 482 A1, DE 100 37 629 A1, WO 2005/035603 and DE 10 2004 032 304 6 where they are used either as a complete or as a partial substitute for the cellulose ethers that would otherwise be used. Compositions containing organic components for coating polyacrylamide are known from both DE 26 12 101 Al and DE 26 07 757 Al However, the said organic components are not polymers and they also do not exhibit any film formation at all However, they are suitable for avoiding lump formation Polymers which also withstand extreme shear conditions and stirring conditions and which can develop a delayed action are not described in these publications. In general it may be ascertained that high-quality building materials which also suffice higher technical requirements can be produced by using the described additives However, the amount of effort required to further improve the working properties of such building material systems which contain such additives is becoming greater and greater Thus the main focus is on the processing of the finished building material that has already been stirred with the mixing water where in particular the amount of force required to stir a building material that is available in a dry form plays an equally important role As the energy required to stir a building material system becomes less and less, the employees will also become less tired and the technical stirring systems will be subject to less wear and their susceptibility to failure will be reduced Coated, water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles are known from WO 92/20727 Crystalline substances such as sodium sulfate or sodium carbonate are used as a coating material and preferably saturated salt solutions are sprayed in mixers onto polymer particles. The particles coated in this manner have an improved dispersing power in aqueous solutions, howevei, the dissolving properties under difficult conditions is still unsatisfactory In addition the high contents of coating agent are an undesired weight ballast. DE 103 16 476 A1 also describes a coated water-soluble polymer in which the coating contains water glass Polymer particles coated in this manner are claimed to have excellent dispersing and solubility characteristics which are particularly beneficial especially under difficult dissolution conditions An agglomeration of the polymer particles in the aqueous solution is largely suppressed. In the sense of a further development of the known state of the art, the object of the present invention was to develop additives for in the widest sense construction chemical systems, dispersions and paint formulations with the primary aim of especially improving the incorporation of these additives. These new additives should above all ensure at least the known good properties of construction chemical systems and if possible give the systems to which they are added additional positive properties. This object was achieved with the aid of an additive for applications in construction chemistry comprising an organic and/or inorganic core component A) with rheology-enhancmg properties and a shell component B) applied to the same by virtue of physical and/or chemical interactions which acts as a coating. This additive according to the invention has been surprisingly shown not only to fulfil the concrete problem by improving the stirrability and in particular by having a positive effect on the properties of the wet mortar, but also in the case of an application of these additives in thickener systems it has turned out that the time of addition can play a positive role Thus for example the delayed addition of a thickener based on an anionic polyacrylamide that was used accordingly in a formulation as an additive according to the invention considerably improved the stirrabihty and at the same time it was possible to considerably reduce the amount of additive used without having a negative effect on the wet mortar properties Furthermore the unexpected properties of the additives according to the present invention not only allow them to be used in building chemical systems which contain hydraulic binders, but also in other systems such as paints and lacqueis which clearly extends beyond the application field envisaged according to the object of the invention Overall the entirety of the positive effects found for the additive according to the invention could not have been predicted With regard to the essential component A) according to the invention, the present invention takes into account variants with properties that a person skilled in the art refers to as plastic and/or dynamic viscosity, flow limit, rheopexy and thixotropy Water-soluble and/or water-swellable and/or water-absorbable compounds of the non-cellulose type have proven to be particularly suitable as component A) wheie these are intended to have viscosity-enhancing properties in the final application Compounds from the group comprising oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, preferably starch ethers, welan gum, diutan gum, xanthan, chitosan or guar derivatives and/or sulfo group-containing copolymers and/or copolymes based on acrylamide and/or other hydrocolloid-formmg or hydrogel-forming substances which can also be used in any desired mixture have proven to be particularly suitable components A) Derivatives thereof that can be prepared by physical and/or chemical processes such as e g ethenfication and estenfication processes also of course come into consideration Typical chemical denvatives are representatives of the carboxyl, carboxyalkyl and hydroxyalkyl type According to the present invention synthetic water-soluble polymers can be composed of water-soluble and ethylenically unsaturated monomers that can be used to form non-ionic, cationic, anionic or amphotenc polymers. The above-mentioned sulfo group-containing copolymers should be representatives which consist of up to 4 structural units in accordance with the copolymers and terpolymers according to DE 100 37 629 Al, DE 198 06 482 Al, WO 2005/035603 and DE 10 2004 032 304 6 (not yet published) The disclosure of these four documents is a substantial component of this application Water-soluble sulfo group containing copolymers which consist of at least three structural groups a), b) c) and/or d) are particularly suitable. The first structural group is usually a sulfo group-containing substituted acryl or methacryl derivative of formula (I) in which R1 = hydrogen or methyl R2, R3, R4 = hydrogen, aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 6 C atoms, phenyl residue optionally substituted with methyl groups and M = hydrogen, monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium or an organic amine residue and a = ½ or 1 Sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium ions are preferably used as the monovalent or divalent metal cation Substituted ammonium groups which are derived from primary, secondary or tertiary C1 to C20 alkylamines, C1 to C20 alkanolammes, C5 to C8 cycloalkylammes and C6 to C14 arylamines are preferably used as organic amine residues. Examples of such amines are methylamme, dimethylamme, trimethylamme, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, tnethanolamine, cyclohexylamme, dicyclohexylamme, phenylamme and diphenylamine in the protonated ammonium form. The structural group a) of A) is derived from monomers such as 2-acrylamido-2- methylpropanesulfomc acid, 2-methacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2- acrylamidobutanesulfomc acid, 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanesulfonic acid, 2- acrylamido-2,4,4-tnmethylpentanesulfonic acid 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane- sulfonic acid is particularly preferred. The second structural group b) corresponds to formula (II) in which R1 = has the above-mentioned meaning R5 and R6 = independently of one another represent hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 5 to 8 C atoms or an aryl residue with 6 to 14 C atoms The following compounds preferably come into consideration as monomers which form the structure (II) acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N,N-di- methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-cyclohexylacrylamide, N-benzylacryl- amide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-tertiary butylacrylamide etc. The third structural group c) corresponds to formula (III) in which y = -COO(CnH2nO)p-R7, -(CH2)q-O(CnH2nO)p-R7 as well as unsaturated or saturated, linear or branched aliphatic alkyl residue with 10 to 40 C atoms R8 = H, C1 to C6 alkyl, arylalkyl group with C1 to C12 alkyl and C6 to C14 aryl residue n = 2 to 4 p = 0 to 200 q = 0 to 20 x = 0 to 3 and R1 has the above-mentioned meaning Preferred monomers which form the structure (III) are tristyrylphenol polyethylene glycol 1100 methacrylate, behenyl polyethylene glycol 1100 methacrylate, stearyl polyethylene glycol 1100 methacrylate, tnstyrylphenol polyethylene glycol 1100 acrylate, tnstyrylphenol polyethylene glycol 1100 monovinyl ether, behenyl poly- ethylene glycol 1100 monovinyl ether, stearyl polyethylene glycol 1100 monovinyl ether, tnstyrylphenol polyethylene glycol 1100 vinyloxybutyl ether, behenyl poly- ethylene glycol 1100 vmyloxybutyl ether, tristyrylphenol polyethylene glycol-block- propylene glycol allyl ether, behenyl polyethylene glycol-block-propylene glycolallyl ether, stearyl polyethylene glycol-block-propylene glycol allyl ether etc The fourth structural group d) coriesponds to formula (IV) in which Z = -(CH2)q-O(CnH2nO)p-R9 R9 = denotes H, C1 to C4 alkyl and R1,n, p and q have the above-mentioned meaning Preferred monomers which form the structure (IV) are allyl polyethylene glycol- (350 to 2000), methyl polyethylene glycol-(350 to 2000)-monovinyl ether, polyethylene glycol-(500 to 5000)-vmyloxy-butyl ether, polyethylene glycol-block- propylene glycol-(500 to 5000)-vmyloxy-butyl ether, methyl polyethylene glycol- block-propylene glycol allyl ether etc. It is regarded as preferred that the component A) m the form of a copolymer consists of 3 to 96 mole % of structural group a), 3 to 96 mole % of structural group b), 0 01 to 10 mole % of structuial group c) and/or 0 1 to 30 mole % of structural group d) Preferably used copolymers contain 30 to 80 mole % a), 5 to 50 mole % b), 0 1 to 5 mole % c) and/or 0 2 to 15 mole % d). In the following copolymers consisting of structural groups a), b) and c) are referred to as type A), copolymers consisting of structural groups a), b), c) and d) are leferred to as type B and copolymers consisting of structural groups a), b) and d) are referred to as type C. Within the scope of the present invention it is also possible that the copolymers according to the invention of type B and C additionally contain up to 50 mole % and in particular up to 20 mole % based on the sum of structural groups a), b), c) and d) of a further structural group e) of formula (V) in which W = -CO-O-(CH2)m-, -CO-NR2-(CH2)m- m = represents 1 to 6 and R1, R2, R5 and R6 have the above-mentioned meaning The following compounds preferably come into consideration as monomers which form the structure (V) [3-(methacryloylammo)-propyl]-dimethylamme, [3- (acryloylammo)-propyl] -dimethylamme, [2-(methacryloyl-oxy)-ethyl] - dimethylamme, [2-(acryloyl-oxy)-ethyl]-dimethylamme, [2-(methacryloyl-oxy)- ethyl]-diethylamme, [2-(acryloyl-oxy)-ethyl]-diethylamme etc. Within the scope of the present invention it is in addition possible that in the copolymenc component A) up to 50 % of the structural group a) is replaced by a sulfonic acid-containing betaine monomei of formula (VI) in which and R1 , R2 and m have the above-mentioned meaning The following compounds preferably come into consideration as monomers which form the structure (VI) N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacryloxyethyl-N'-N-dimethyl- ammonium betaine, N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacrylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl- ammonium betaine and l-(3-sulfopropyl)-2-vmyl-pyridinium betaine Although these monomers also contain a catiomc structural group, it does not have an adverse effect on the respective application in construction chemistry The copolymers can optionally have a slightly branched or cross-linked structure by incorporation of small amounts of cross-linkers Examples of such cross-linker components are triallylamme, triallylmethylammonium chloride, tetraallyl- ammonium chloride, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, tnethylene glycol-bis- methacrylate, tnethylene glycol-bis-acrylate, polyethylene glycol(400)-bis- methacrylate and polyethylene glycol(400)-bis-acrylate These compounds may only be used in such amounts that water-soluble copolymers are still obtained In general the concentration will seldom be above 0 1 mole % based on the sums of the structural groups a), b), c), d), e) and f), however, a person skilled in the art can easily determine the maximum amount of cross-linker components that can be used. The described copolymers are prepared in a known manner by linking the monomers forming the structures a) to d) by radical, ionic or complex coordmative bulk, solution, gel, emulsion, dispersion or suspension polymerization Since the products according to the invention are water-soluble copolymers, polymerization in an aqueous phase, polymerization in inverse emulsion or polymerization in inverse suspension are preferred In particularly preferred embodiments the reaction is carried out as a gel polymerization in an aqueous phase. If component A) in the additive according to the invention contains polyacrylamides among others, they should preferably have non-ionic, anionic, cationic or amphotenc properties and it should particularly preferably be a homopolymer and/or copolymer of acrylamide with the monomers acrylic acid, acrylamido- propanesulfonic acid, quarternated dimethylammopropyl acrylamide or quarternated dimethylammoethyl acrylate A polyacrylamide should be above all understood as a water-soluble homopolymer or copolymer which contains acrylamide as a monomer component In addition to the already mentioned monomer units, methacryhc acid, vmylsulfomc acid, methalyllsulfonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid also come into consideration as anionic comonomers All these specified acids can be polymerized as free acids, as salts or as mixtures thereof Monomers that are completely water-soluble as well as those that have a limited water-solubility can be used as non-ionic comonomers for the polyacrylamides such as for example (meth)acrylmtnle, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, vmylpyridine, vinyl acetate, methacrylamide, hydroxy group-containing esters, polymerizable acids, dihydroxyethyl and dihydroxypropyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, esters containing ammo groups and amides of polymerizable acids such as for example dialkylammo esters or amides such as dimethylammopropyl acrylamide Comonomers in the form of catiomzed esters of (meth)acryhc acid, catiomzed amides of (meth)acryhc acid and catiomzed N-alkylmono-amides and diamides with C1-6 alkyl residues are for example suitable as cationic polyacrylamides. In the case of hydrocolloid-forrning or hydrogel-forming substances as component A), the present invention preferably suggests polyelectrolytes based on acrylic acid or acrylamide derivatives or other ethylemcally unsaturated monomer building blocks preferably containing catiomc and/or anionic charges. Additives which contain component A) in a cross-linked or partially cross-linked form have proven to be particularly suitable. The additive according to the invention can then contain a member of the group borax, aluminium sulfate or zeolite as the moiganic component A) for certain applications. Overall component A) is only limited with regard to its essential inventive property 1 e an enhancement of rheology However, in general all organic and/or inorganic compounds come into consideration as component A) where the particle size is also not subject to any major limitation Nevertheless the present invention takes into consideration a preferred vanant in which component A) has an average particle- size range of ≤ 500 µm and preferably ≤ 250 µm The distribution of particle sizes can be homogeneous or heterogeneous within the proposed particle size ranges I e it can consist of mainly larger particles or smaller particles which can also approximate the respective extremes and/or only cover these extremes depending on the respective application. Component B) of the additive which acts as a coating or shell, should according to the invention preferably be a film-forming polymer which initially completely surrounds the component A) and is released in a retarded manner during its application in construction chemistry. The following are especially suitable for this polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene glycols with one or two hydrophobic end groups, modified polypropylene glycols, copolymers of polyethylene and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrolidme, polyvmyhdene chloride, alginates, cellulose derivatives, starch derivatives, gelatins, waxes and also any mixtures of the said representatives. In principle the shell component B) should be a compound which, due to physical and/or chemical interactions, can be applied to the core component A) and in the process of which forms chemical and/or physical and preferably reversible cross- links Dialdehyde such as e g glyoxal, dnsocyanates, dioles, carboxyhc acids and derivatives thereof and any mixtures thereof are regarded as particularly preferred The series of preferred representatives of component B) can be extended as desired while observing the required properties Representatives come into consideration as suitable compounds which contain at least two functional groups which are able to react with the functional groups, which are essentially the acidic groups or hydroxyl groups of component A) Suitable functional groups for this have already been mentioned above. hydroxyl, amino, epoxy, isocyanate, ester, amido or aziridmo groups Typical lepresentatives theieof are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, tnethanolamme, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, ethanolamme, sorbitan fatty acid esters, ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid esteis, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, polyvinyl alcohol, sorbitol, starch, polyglycidyl ether, polyaziridme compounds, 1,6-hexamethylene diethylene urea, diphenylmethane-bis-4,4'-N,N'-diethylene urea, halogen epoxy compounds t,uch as epichlorohydrm and a-methylepifluorohydrm, polyisocyanates, alkylene carbonates, bisoxazolmes and oxazohdones, polyamido amines and products of their reaction with epichlorohydrm Finally the following also come into consideration polyquarternary amines such as e g condensation products of dimethylamme with epichlorohydrm and homopolymers and copolymers of dimethylammoethyl(meth)acrylate which can optionally also be quarternated with methyl chloride. Finally multifunctional bases are also suitable as a suitable component B) which must also be able to form ionic cross-links for which polyammes and quarternated salts thereof are particulaily suitable. As a further variant of component B) the present invention also envisages that it contains additional process additives which are preferably derived from the group of plasticizers such as e g phthalates and polyethylene glycols, anticakmg agents such as e g tuethyl citrate, polysorbate 80, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, talcum or antifoaming agents. The invention takes mto consideration that as a further variant component B) can be composed of several layers which preferably comprise at least one reactive layer According to definition ' reactive layer" is understood to mean that the component directly interacts with component A) usually as part of a polymerization process This means that in the case of a two-layer structure, the layer facing component A) as well as the outermost layer can have been present as reactive layers and have reacted with component A) However, all other variants are also conceivable in which for example only the innermost layer represents a reactive layer and for example has interacted with component A) or only the outermost layer Finally if component B) is composed of at least three layers, it is possible that neither the innermost nor the outermost layer is a reactive layer and the reactivity is limited to layers which aie arranged between the innermost and the outermost layer In this case they are mainly layers which have developed their respective reactivity in a retarded manner, 1 e not until the overlying layers towards the outside have been separated from the additive by abrasion and/or dissolution processes. In general it should be noted that component B) reacts with component A) which involves at least one reactive layer or further components react with component B) that has already been applied to component A). In this manner the essential inventive property of the present additive 1 e its rheology-enhancing effect can be specified and controlled depending on the respective application medium and the desired release profile of the core layer A) by selecting suitable shell components The above-mentioned also encompasses an additive variation in which component B) is applied to component A) with the aid of component C) .In this case it has proven to be particularly advantageous when component C) in a liquid form or as a physical mixture results in a chemical cross-linking of component B) on component A) Particularly suitable representatives of component C) are dialdehydes such as glyoxal, dnsocyanates, dioles, dicarboxyhc acids and derivatives and any mixtures thereof However, in principle all types of compounds which can also be used as component B) come into consideration as a suitable component C). From a practical point of view and taking into consideration the very broad application potentials, the additive according to the invention should not have excessively large particle sizes For this reason the present invention envisages an average particle size range for the additive consisting of components A) and B) which is ≤ 2000 µm and preferably ≤ 1000 µm In addition to the additive itself, the present invention also claims the use of this additive especially as an additive with an action that has a delayed onset The retardation is primarily due to component B) 1 e the shell component which as already described can comprise a variable number of layers and in particular reactive layers In this connection the additive according to the invention is especially suitable for use in paints and in this case above all in dispersion paints and inks, in lacquers, in pigment preparations and pigment concentrates which is also encompassed by the present invention. A special variant of use also relates to the time delay in which the increase in viscosity and/or rheology development in filled aqueous systems is time controlled This preferably occurs in combination with cellulose ethers and/or cellulose ether substitutes As alieady described these cellulose ether substitutes are representatives of the group oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, preferably starch ethers, welan gum, diutan gum, xanthan, chitosan or guar derivative and/or sulfo group-contammg copolymers and/or copolymers based on acrylamide and/or other hydrocolloid- formmg or hydrogel-forming substances as aheady described in detail above with regard to component A). The filled aqueous systems are preferably building material systems based on inorganic and in particular mineral binders and particularly preferably cement, gypsum, lime, anhydrite or other binders based on calcium sulfate. Tile adhesives, plasters, setting compounds, joint fillers, wall mortars, repair mortars and jointing mortars are particularly suitable representatives of such building material systems which according to the present invention are preferably suitable for mechanical stirring and/or mechanical application and in this connection they in particular constitute very stable treated and/or thickened dry mortars such as plasters or tile adhesives. Overall the additives for applications in construction chemistry according to the invention enable considerable improvements compared to the previously known state of the art due to their time controllable rheology-enhancmg properties which is not least due to the different compounds compared to the state of the art which the additive contains as component A) or component B) The following examples illustrate the advantages associated with the proposed additive Examples Example 1 Preparation of a polyacrylamide coated with polyvinyl alcohol 300 g of a commercially available anionic polyacrylamide with a charge of 20 to 50 % was placed first in a fluidized-bed granulator from "Glatt Ingenieurtechnick GmbH" The material was heated in the fluidized bed by a current of incoming air (70 m3/h) heated to 65°C This resulted in a bed temperature of 55°C 300 g Mowiol 10 to 98 (polyvinyl alcohol 10 percent solution) was coated onto the granulate via a two-fluid nozzle from the Schlick Company at a metering rate of about 3 2 g/min The amounts of coating matenal were varied and are stated as a weight percentage of coating matenal based on the commercially available anionic polyacrylamide with a chaige of 20 to 50 % Coated samples containing 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 % and 10 % Mowiol were prepared. Example 2 Preparation of a polyacrylamide coated with polyvinyl acetate 100 g polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) of average chain length (Aldnch) was dissolved in 2 1 acetone 100 g of this 5 % PVAc solution was added together with 50 g of a finely ground commercially available anionic polyacrylamide with a charge of 20 to 50 % from SNF (UK) Ltd in a 250 ml round bottomed flask and thoroughly mixed The solvent was evaporated to dryness by means of a rotary evaporator at a water bath temperature of about 50°C and under a slight vacuum The powder obtained was carefully ground in a mortar and checked for its technical application properties. Example 3 Preparation of a polyacrylamide the surface of which was cross-linked with glyoxal 300 g of an anionic polyacrylamide with a charge of 20 to 50 % was placed first in a fluidized bed granulator and heated in the fluidized bed by a current of incoming air (70 m3/h) heated to 80°C. This resulted in a bed temperature of 70°C 300 g of a 1 % aqueous glyoxal solution was sprayed onto the polyacrylamide at a metering rate of about 3 2 g/mm. The amounts of glyoxal were varied and applied in amounts of 1, 2 and 3 % by weight based on the commercially available anionic polyacrylamide Example 4 Coating of polyacrylamide with a polyvinyl alcohol post-cross-linked with glyoxal A polyacrylamide prepared analogously to example 1 and coated with 3 % by weight polyvinyl alcohol was sprayed with 300 g of a 1 % glyoxal solution (metering rate of 3 g/mm) in a fluidized bed at a fluidized bed temperature of 60°C which lesulted in post cross-linking of the polyvinyl alcohol. The amounts of glyoxal were varied and adjusted to 1, 2 and 3 % by weight based on the already coated polyacrylamide. Example 5 Coating of polyacrylamide with a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and glyoxal 300 g of an anionic polyacrylamide with a charge of 20 to 50 % was placed first in a fluidized bed granulator according to example 1 and heated in the fluidized bed by a current of incoming air (70 m /h) heated to 65°C. This resulted in a bed temperature of 55°C 330 g of a mixture of Mowiol 10 to 98 and glyoxal was coated onto the granulate at a metering rate of about 3 2 g/mm. The mixture contained 10 % by weight Mowiol 10 to 98 and 1 % by weight glyoxal The amounts of coating matenal were varied and adjusted in amounts of 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 % by weight coating material (stated in weight percent of coating matenal based on the polyacrylamide). Example 6 Coating of polyacrylamide with a mixture of low-molecular cellulose ether and glyoxal 300 g of an anionic polyacrylamide with a charge of 20 to 50 % was placed first in a fluidized bed granulator according to example 1 and heated in the fiuidized bed by a current of incoming air (70 m3/h) heated to 65°C This resulted in a bed temperature of 55°C 330 g of a mixture of Pharmacoat 606 (Hypromellose from the Syntapharm Company) and glyoxal was coated onto the granulate at a metering rate of about 3 2 g/mm The mixture contained 10 % by weight Pharmacoat and 2 % by weight glyoxal The amounts of coating material were varied and preparations containing 1, 2, 5 and 10 % by weight coating material were produced (stated in weight percent of coating material based on the polyacrylamide used) The polyacrylamides coated according to examples 1 to 5 (see table) were tested for their relevant properties in a tile adhesive formulation mixture 1 1 kg tile adhesive mortar was stirred with a commercial drill (1000 W, 800 rpm) and a helical stirrer 340 g mixing water was added per 1000 g dry mortar Test methods Determination of stability (slip test) For the slip test a tile (15 x 25 cm, weight 1 9 kg) is placed in the tile adhesive formulation and loaded for 30 seconds with 5 kg weight. A mark is applied to the upper edge of the tile and the sample setup is placed vertically It is subsequently observed whether and to what extent the tile slips A slip of 1 to 10 mm is rated as stable Viscosity measurement The stirred fresh mortar is placed as free from air bubbles as possible in a 250 g can using a spatula The can is filled to the upper edge and is smoothed with the spatula Subsequently the material is compacted with the aid of a lifting table (10 lifts, about 1 lift per second) and covered with the can lid (reversed) From this moment the time measurement is started The first viscosity measurement (Brookfield- Viscosimetei, Model RV) takes place after 5 mm, the second after 20 mm It is measured using a TF spindle (spindle 96 (TF) with a mark at 3 2 cm) at 2 5 rpm by immersing the spindle in the mortar up to the mark. In each case the highest indicated value (mPa*s or cP) is noted. At least 3 values should be determined per measurement (tolerance between the measurements +/- 10 %) n ap "no longer applicable" the viscosity is so high that the adhesive can no longer be applied to the concrete slab, it was therefore not possible to check the stability under load Example 7 (comparison) Experimental setup 2000 g mortar according to mixture 1 was stirred with a commercial drill (1000 W, 2000 rpm) and a type Ml 7 mortar mixer 340 g mixing water was added per 1000 g dry mortar Example 8 (comparison) Experimental setup 2000 g mortar according to mixture 1 was stiried with a commercial drill (1000 W, 2000 rpm) and a type M17 mortar mixer 340 g mixing water was added per 1000 g dry mortar Example 9 (invention) Experimental setup 2000 g mortar according to mixture 1 was stirred according to 4 4 of EN 196-1 340 g mixing water was added per 1000 g dry mortar The polyacrylamide was added according to the description "mixing process" in the table The effect of the delayed addition and its positive effect on the rheology (viscosity) is more pronounced in this example the higher the charge density of the polyacrylamide Example 10 Experimental setup 12 kg mortar was stirred with a commercial drill (1000 W, 800 rpm) and a helical stirrer 340 g mixing water was added per 1000 g dry mortar The sulfo group-containing polymer is the commercial product SWR 308/4198 from the Construction Research & Technology Company Due to the retarded activation of the thickener as an additive according to the invention an excellent easy stirring behaviour was achieved in mixtures 2 and 4 The build up of viscosity from a low viscosity to the end viscosity developed without a viscosity peak All four mixtures showed a stability of 1 to 4 mm In the case of mixtuie 4 it was possible to reduce the amount of the coated polyacrylamide by 25 % due to a synergistic effect with the copolymer containing sulfo groups In a mixture without the sulfo group-containing polymer (mixture 2) this reduction in the amount was not possible due to the loss of stability The retarded release of component A) (polyacrylamide) from the additive according to the invention into the dry mortar was achieved by coating the appropriate additive with a material which dissolved correspondingly slowly from the surface of the additive when the dry mortar is stirred in, where polyvinyl alcohol was used as a coating agent WE CLAIM : 1. Additive for applications in construction chemistry, comprising an inorganic and/or organic core component A) consisting of water-soluble and/or water-swellable and/or water-absorbable compounds of the non-cellulose type selected from the group comprising oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, preferably starch ethers, welan gum, diutan gum, xanthan, chitosan or guar derivatives and/or sulfo group-containing copolymers and/or copolymes based on acrylamide and/or other hydrocolloid-forming or hydrogel-forming substances with rheology-enhancing properties and a shell component B) applied to the same by virtue of physical and/or chemical interactions which acts as a coating, wherein the shell component B) forms chemical and/or physical cross-links with the core component A), and wherein the shell component B) is a film- forming polymer which releases component A) during the application in constructional chemistry in a retarded manner where component B) is preferably polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol with one or two hydrophobic end groups, a modified polypropylene glycol, a copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, polyvinylidene chloride, an alginate, cellulose derivative, starch derivative, gelatin, a wax and also any mixture thereof. 2. Additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein component A) has at least one of the following properties plastic and/or dynamic viscosity, flow limit, rheopexy, thixotrophy. 3. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein component A) has viscosity- enhancing properties in the final application. 4. Additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulfo group-containing copolymers are composed of up to four structural groups. 5. Additive as claimed in claim 4, wherein it is a water-soluble or water-swellable sulfo group- containing copolymer containing. a) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of formula I in which R1 = hydrogen or methyl R2, R3, R4 = hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 6 C atoms, a phenyl residue optionally substituted with methyl groups M= hydrogen, a monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium or an organic amine residue a = ½ or 1. b) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of structural formula IIa and/or IIb in which R5 and R6 = hydrogen, an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 5 to 8 C atoms, an aryl residue with 6 to 14 C atoms and Q = hydrogen and -CHR5R7 and if Q≠ H, R5 and R6 in IIB together form a -CH2-(CH2)y-methylene group in which y = 1 to 4. R7= hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 4 C atoms, -COOH or -COC-Ma and R1, M and a have the above- mentioned meaning, c) 0 05 to 75 mole % structural groups of formula III in which Y = O,NH or NR5 R8 = R5 or R6 X=halogen, C1 to C4 alkylsulfate or C1 to C4 alkylsulfonate X= 1 to 6 and R1, R5 and R6 have the above-mentioned meaning, d) 0 01 to 50 mole % structural groups of formula IV where Z = -COO(CmH2mO)n-R5, -(CH2)p-O(CmH2mO)n-R5 m = 2 to 4 n = 0 to 200 p= 0 to 20 and R1 has the above-mentioned meaning 6. Additive as claimed in claim 4, wherein it is a water-soluble or water-swellable sulfo group- containing copolymer comprising. a) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of formula V in which R1 = hydrogen or methyl R2, R3, R4 = hydro gen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 6 C atoms, a phenyl residue optionally substituted with methyl groups. M = hydrogen, a monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium or an organic amine residue a= ½ or 1, b) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of structural formula IVa and/or VIb in which W= -CO-, -CO-O-(CH2)x-, -CO-NR2-(CH2)x- x = 1 to 6 R5 and R6 = hydrogen, an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 5 to 8 C atoms, an aryl residue with 6 to 14 C atoms and Q = hydrogen and -CHR5R7 and if Q≠H,R5 and R6 in IIb together form a -CH2-(CH2)y- methylene group in which y = 1 to 4 R7 = hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 4 C atoms, -COOH or -COO-Ma and R1, R2, M and a have the above-mentioned meaning, c) 0 05 to 75 mole % structural groups of formula VIIa and/or VIIb in which Y = O, NH or NR5 X = halogen, C1 to C4 alkylsulfate or C1 to C4 alkylsulfonate and R1, R2, R3, R5, R6 and x have the above-mentioned meaning, d) 0 01 to 30 mole % structural groups of formula VIII where Z = -COO(CmH2mO)n-R9, -(CH2)p-O(CmH2mO)n-R9 and saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, aliphatic hydrocarbon residues with 22 to 40 C atoms R10 - H. C1-C4 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, halogen, cyano, -COOH, -COOR5, -CO NH2-OCOR5 R11 = an arylalkyl group with a C1-C12 alkyl and C6-C14 aryl residue m = 2 to 4 n = 0 to 200 p = 0 to 20 and R1 and R5 have the above-mentioned meaning. 7. Additive as claimed in claim 4, wherein it is a water-soluble sulfo group-containing copolymer and terpolymer having a number average molecular weight of 50,000 to 20,000,000 g/mol containing. a) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of formula IX in which R1= hydrogen or methyl R2, R3, R4 = hydro gen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 6 C atoms, a phenyl residue optionally substituted with methyl groups V = NH or oxygen M=hydrogen, a monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium or an organic amine residue n=l to 5 a = ½ or 1 b) 3 to 96 mole % structural groups of structural formula X in which W= -CO(O)-(CH2)x-, -CO-NR2-(CH2)x- x = 1 to 6 R5 and R6 = hydrogen, an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 5 to 8 C atoms, an aryl residue with 6 to 14 C atoms and, R1 has the above-mentioned meaning, and/or c) 0 05 to 75 mole % structural groups of formula XI in which Y=O,NH or NR5 X= halogen, C1 to C4 alkylsulfate or C1 to C4 alkylsulfonate and R1, R5, R6, M, a and x have the above-mentioned meaning 8. Additive as claimed in claim 4, wherein it is a water-soluble sulfo group-containing copolymer consisting of a) 3 to 96 mole % of formula XII in which R1 = hydrogen or methyl R2, R3, R4 = hydro gen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 6 C atoms, a phenyl residue optionally substituted with methyl groups M = hydrogen, a monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium or an organic amine residue. a= ½ or 1 b) 3 to 96 mole % of formula XIII in which R1 has the above-mentioned meaning R5 and R6 = independently of one another denote hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 5 to 8 C atoms or an aryl residue with 6 to 14 C atoms, c) 0 001 to 10 mole % structural groups of formula XIV in which Y= -COO(CnH2nO)p-R7, -(CH2)q-O(CnH2nO)p-R7 and an unsaturated or saturated, linear or branched aliphatic alkyl residue with 10 to 40 C atoms, R8 = H, C1 to C6 alkyl, an arylalkyl group with a C1 to C12 alkyl group and C6 to C14 aryl residue, n = 2 to 4, p= 0 to 200 q= 0 to 20 x= 0 to 3 and and R1 has the above-mentioned meaning, and/or d) 0 1 to 30 mole % structural groups of formula (XV) in which= Z=-(CH2)q-O(CnH2nO)p-R9 R9 = H, C1 to C4 alkyl and and R1, n, p and q have the above-mentioned meaning 9. Additive according to claim 8, wherein the copolymers consisting of structural groups a), b), c) and d) as well as a), b) and/or d) in addition contain up to 50 mole % and in particular up to 20 mole % based on the sum of the structural groups a), b) or c) another structural group e) based on formula (XVI) in which W = -CO-O-(CH2)m-, -CO-NR2-(CH2)m- m = 1 to 6 and R1, R2, R5 and R6 have the above-mentioned meaning. 10. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 9, wherein the polyacrylamides have non- lonic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric properties and it is preferably a homopolymer and/or copolymer of acrylamide with the monomers acrylic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, quarternated dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide or quarternated dimethylaminoethyl acrylate. 11. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the hydrocolloid-forming or hydrogel-formmg substances are polyelectrolytes based on acrylic acid or acrylamide derivatives or other ethylenically unsaturated monomer building blocks containing cationic and/or anionic charges. 12. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein component A) is (partially) cross- linked. 13. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the inorganic component A) is derived from the group comprising borax, ammonium sulfate or zeolite. 14. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein component A) has an average particle size range of ≤ 500 µm and preferably ≤ 250 µm. 15. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the shell component B) is a compound which forms reversible cross-links with the core component A), wherein dialdehydes such as glyoxal, dnsocyanates, dioles, dicarboxyhc acids and derivatives thereof are preferred. 16. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein component B) contains additional process additives which are preferably derived from the group comprising plasticizers such as e g phthalates and polyethylene glycols, anticaking agents such as e g triethyl citrate, polysorbate 80, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate, talcum or antifoaming agents. 17. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein component B) is composed of several layers at least one of which is preferably a reactive layer. 18. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein component B) has been applied onto component A) with the aid of component C), wherein component C) preferably in the form of a dialdehyde such as glyoxal, dnsocyanate, dioles, dicarboxyhc acids and derivatives and any mixtures thereof and in particular in a liquid form or as a physical mixture, has resulted in a chemical cross-linking of component B). 19. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein it has an average particle size range of ≤ 2000 µm and preferably of ≤ 1000 µm. 20. Additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein said additive has a time-delayed action. ABSTRACT Title AN ADDITIVE FOR APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION CHEMISTRY Additive for applications in construction chemistry, comprising an inorganic and/or organic core component A) consisting of water-soluble and/or water-swellable and/or water-absorbable compounds of the non-cellulose type selected from the group comprising oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, preferably starch ethers, welan gum, diutan gum, xanthan, chitosan or guar derivatives and/or sulfo group-containing copolymers and/or copolymes based on acrylamide and/or other hydrocolloid-forming or hydrogel-forming substances with rheology-enhancing properties and a shell component B) applied to the same by virtue of physical and/or chemical interactions which acts as a coating, wherein the shell component B) forms chemical and/or physical cross-links with the core component A), and wherein the shell component B) is a film-forming polymer which releases component A) during the application in constructional chemistry in a retarded manner where component B) is preferably polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol with one or two hydrophobic end groups, a modified polypiopylene glycol, a copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidine, polyvinylidene chloride, an alginate, cellulose derivative, starch derivative, gelatin, a wax and also any mixture thereof.

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01231-kolnp-2008-abstract.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-claims.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-correspondence others.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-description complete.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-form 1.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-form 13.pdf

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01231-kolnp-2008-form 3.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-form 5.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-international exm report.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-international publication.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-international search report.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-pct request form.pdf

01231-kolnp-2008-priority document.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(12-08-2011)-EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-AMANDED CLAIMS.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECIEVED.PDF

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-FORM 1.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-FORM 2.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-FORM 3.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-FORM 5.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-OTHERS.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-PETITION UNDER RULE 137.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-(16-01-2012)-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-CANCELLED PAGES.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-FORM 13.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-FORM 18.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-FORM 26.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-CLAIMS.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-FORM 1.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-FORM 2.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-FORM 3.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-FORM 5.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-GRANTED-SPECIFICATION-COMPLETE.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-INTERNATIONAL EXM REPORT 1.1.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT & OTHERS.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-OTHERS.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-PRIORITY DOCUMENT.pdf

1231-KOLNP-2008-TRANSLATED COPY OF PRIORITY DOCUMENT.pdf