Title of Invention

A HAIR DYE COMPOSITION

Abstract

An oxidizing hair dye composition without any oxidizing agent comprising at least one primary intermediate selected from a group of primary intermediates consisting of p-paraphenylene diamine, p-aminophenol , p- toluylenediamine,2, 5 diaminotoluene and N,N bis 2 hydroxyethyl ppd sulfate at least one coupler selected from a group of compounds consisting of Resorcinol, 2- methyl resorcinol, m-aminophenol, m-paraphenylene diamine, 1 –naphthol aminophenol, 5- amino-2-methyl phenol, and 4 amino -2-hydroxy toluene, a carrier and at least one additive selected from the group of additives consisting of antidandruff agents, antioxidants, surfactant, solvent and herbal extract.

Full Text

FORM-2 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) & THE PATENTS RULES, 2003 PROVISIONAL Specification (See section 10 and rule 13) HAIR DYE WITH ANTI DANDRUFF PROPERTY (a) NISHAT SUBHASH CHANDRA an Indian National of 1705/6, Stellar Towers, Lokhandwala Complex, Off. Four Bunglows, Andheri (W), Mumbai 400 053, Maharashtra, India; and (b) CHHABRA SAVITA KAILASH an Indian National of 201, Sea Legend, Juhu Versova Link Rd., 7 Bunglow, Andheri (W), Mumbai 400 061, Maharashtra, India THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION DESCRIBES THE INVENTION. This invention relates to a hair dye composition. Particularly, this invention relates to a hair dye composition with auto oxidative dyeing system and antidandruff property to provide nourishment / protection to hair from any possible damage. FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN HAIR The hair fiber consists of 3 parts : 1. Cuticle : layers of flat overlapping scale like structure. 2. Cortex : spindle shaped cells aligned along the fiber containing the fibrous protein 3. Medulla : located near the centre of the fiber Hair is fiber made of keratin protein with high cystiene content, individual protein strands are coiled & held together by disulfide bonds between cysteine units salt links & hydrogen bonds. Outer sheath is multilayer of cuticle scales which are highly cross linked protein. High degree of crome linking makes the fiber very strong & . Hair is colored by pigment particles (melanin) embedded in the cortex. Color is due to light scattering by the particles and light absorptions by chromospheres in the pigment. Size , shape distribution and concentration of these chromospheres determine overall color of hair. There are two kinds of melanin which are genetically controlled (i) Eumelanins, (ii) Pheomelanins, which are biosynthesized enzyematically from tyrosine. Eumelanins are black or brown insoluble pigments consisting of 5, 6 dihydroxy indole, 5, 6 dihydorxy indole - 2- carboxylic acid and pyrole carboxylic acid unit in various levels of oxidation. Pheomelanins are alkali soluble, red / brown to yellow sulfur containing pigments consisting of 1,4-benzothaizine units randomly linked through various bonds. 2 Melanin chemistry outline. This natural pigments are in the cortex deep inside hair, the cuticle is designed to prevent penetrations. Dyes or bleaches must penetrate the cuticle, travel through cortex and remain active. During this process inter chain bonds of protein may be easily destroyed, resulting in loss of fiber strength which will be perceived as protein damage. In 1990 products based on melanin chemistry were introduced to get a major push in the hair dyeing market with faster dyeing effect. 3. HAIR COLORING: There are various types of hair coloring products available in the market which are classified as (i) Permanent (oxidative) dyes (ii) Semi permanent (direct) dyes (iii) Temporary dyes (iv) Metallic dyes (v) Natural dyes Permanent hair colorant are based on the oxidation by hydrogen peroxide of a Para Phenylene Diamine or para amino phenol in the presence of various couplers. The versatility of the systems is because of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of ammonia is also capable of bleaching melanin. These dyes can be used to produces shades which are either lighter or darker than the natural hair colour. It is marketed as two component kit. One component contain the dye precursor and ammonia in an alkaline base & the other is a stabilized solution of hydrogen peroxide. The two components are mixed immediately prior to use and then the mixture is applied to the hair. The dye processor & peroxide diffuse into the hair where they under go rapid reaction with consequent formulation of coloured materials. Permanent hair dyes produce a small but noticeable change in the hair surface properties like : • Stiffer & coarser hair • More difficult to comb • More easily tangled • More easily broken • Much more sensitive to further chemical treatment (waving, colouring etc.) 4 Another type of permanent (oxidation) dyeing is "Auto oxidative dyeing" which involves the oxidation of dye precussor by oxygen from the ambient air. In this case normal oxidation dye systems are used without addition of hydrogen peroxide. The color development is extremely slow and large colour changes cannot be readily accomplished. To give results that are extremely susceptible to oxidation by air an additional hydroxyl or amino group is required to be introduced in the primary intermediates. Thus till now 1, 2, 4 trihydroxy benzene, 2, 3, 5 trihydroxytolune, 2,4 diaminophenol 2 methoxy para phenylenediamine, 2,5 diaminoanisole etc. were used in the composition to cover grey hair. Currently some melanin products like 5,6 dihydroxyindole, 5,6 dihydroxyindoline has been introduced in the market. The auto oxidative system had following 1) Advantage : • Gradual color formation, can be controlled • No sudden color change • Easy to use • No Peroxide • No ammonia • Single container • No mixing 2) Disadvantage : • Slow color formation • Little initial color • Limited shade range • Coupler do not change colors 5 Since in Auto oxidative dyeing system hydrogen peroxide & ammonia are not used it is more safer system for hair dyeing. But since it had some shortcomings the system is not very popular & has negligible market share. To penetrate into this huge market and by attacking on the disadvantages & making use of advantage that this system has, it was decided to develop a product with these consideration and to add extra advantage for common hair problems like dandruff, so also provide nourishment / protection to hair from any possible damage. A formulation was thought of having any of the following ingredients : 1. Primary intermediate P-Phenylenediamine, P-Aminophenol, P-Toluylenediamine, 2,5 Diaminotoluene Sulphate 2. Couplers Resorcinol, 2-Methyrecorcinol, m-Aminophenol, m-Phenylenediamine, 1-Napthol, - Aminophenol, 5-Amino-2-Methylphenol, 4-Amino-2-Hydroxytoulene. 3. Thickening agent Ceto Stearyl Alcohol, Cetyl Alcohol, Glycol Stearate, Diisostearate, Paraffin Wax, Microcrystalline Wax, Stearic Acid, Carbopol, Tinovis, CMC Sodium, Guar Gum Lauryl Alcohol. 4. Oil phase Light Liquid Paraffin, Coconut Oil, Castor Oil & its Derivatives, Iso Propyl Myristate, Teel Oil. 5. Emulsifier 6 Sodium Lauryl Sulphate, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulphate, Tri-Ethanalomine, Glceryl, Monosterate, Lanolin Etoxylates, Glyceryl Mono Oleate, Isomeric Sorbitan Mono Esters, Cetomacrogol 6. Preservative Methyl Paraben, Sodium Mehyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben, Phenoxy Ethanol, Diazolidinyl Urea, Imidazlidine Urea, Iso Butyl Paraben. 7. Anti oxidant Sodium Sulphite, Sodium Metabisulphite, Tocophenerol Acetate, Butylated Hydroxy Toluene, Ascorbic Acid, Erythrobic Acid, Foeniculam Vulgare Oil. 8. Anti dandruff agent Tea Tree Oil, Zinc Pyrithione, Ketoconazole, Salts of Undecyclinic Acid, Itraconazole. Alkaliser, Ammonia, Monoehanaloamine, Triethanalomine, Sodium Hydroxide Solution, Sodium Carbonate. 9. Chelating Agent E.D.T.A. Disodium E.D.T.A., Tetra Sodium E.D.T.A. 10.Herbal ingredient to provide nourishment & darkening of hair Aamla, Methi, Jasund, Bringraj, Tulsi, Aloevera, jatamansi, Neem, Brahmi, Baheda, Heena, Khus, Keratin protein, Vitamin E, Egg yolk, Soya protein, Lecitin, casein. 11. Perfume 7 THE DYEING PROCESS The oxidative hair dyeing process as the name represent is an oxidation reactions between the primary intermediate and hydrogen peroxide or atmospheric oxygen. The first step of this process is oxidation of the Para-phenylenediamine or para-amino phenol to corresponding para benzoquinonediamine or para benzoquinonemonoimine. These imines are highly reactive and in the case of Auto oxidation in absence of coupler are capable of reacting with the unoxidised para phenylenediamine or para aminophenol with consequent production of poly nuclear colored materials. In case of para phenylenediamine the reaction is as shown below Which involves electrophilic attack by the conjugate acid of para benzoquinonediimine on the ring carbon of a molecule of para phenylenediamine to produce triaminodipheylamine, this under goes oxidation followed by reaction with another molecule of diimine to produce trinuclear compound which is known as Brandoski's Base which is undesirable & does not impart any color. In presence of the COUPLER the diimines & monimines react preferentially with the coupler molecules to produce Indo dyes. It can be seen from figure below That oxidation mixtures of paraphenylenediamine and resorcinol results in the formation of polynuclear green & brown pigments. The initial reactions of the para benzoquinonediimine with resorcinol produces a transient magenta color presumably due to the formation of a hydroxy indoaniline. However this undergoes rapid reactions with paraphenylenediamine to produce a trinuclear 9 green dye that has been isolated & characterised. Further reaction results in the formation as polymeric pigment. An analogous compound is formed by oxidation of P-aminophenol. Rapid penetration of dye ingredients into undamaged hair is possible if molecules are of diameter ANTI DANDRUFF EFFECT Hair dye with antidandruff property according to this invention comprises of dyeing ingredients and Tea Tree oil, a uniquely defined combination of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes,and terpene alcohols an Anti dandruff agent. The features and benefits of tea Tree Oil include Antifungal Activity, anti-inflamatory action, low potential for skin irritation or sensitization And good skin penetration capabilities. Dandruff or pityriasis capitis is defind as the non inflammatory excessive production of Small flakes of dead skin on the scalp. It is chacterised by white, often dry, some time Greasy, loose scaling together with a mild pruritus of the scalp. It is strongly associated with the presence of the Lipophilic yeast Malassezia Furfur, (formerly called Pityosporum ovale), based on the suggested role of the yeast M. Furfur in the Pathogenesis of dandruff Super Vasmol 33 ADF formulations with dye ingredients at Different concentrartions of tea tree oil were tested in Vitro in order to determine their Efficacy to inhibit growth of M. Furfur. 10 Preparation of hair dye with antidandruff property Weigh all the required raw material in individual poly bag / S.S. Vessel. In a manufacturing vessel add cetyl alcohol, light liquid paraffin, G.M.S. and propyl paraben heat upto 75 deg c. Meanwhile weigh Ex 05 and dilute it with 1 liter of purified water. When all the oil phase materials melts /temp is 70 °C switch off the heater, but do not drain hot water from jacket. In another tank take 15 Itr purified water and heat to about 80 °C To this, add S.L.S. liquid with constant stirring for 2-3 minutes, E.D.T.A Disodium, followed by Sodium Sulphite and Methyl Paraben. Mix till all ingredients are dissolved . To this hot solution add DI-11, Resorcinol and DI-10 and stirr for 5 to 10 minutes till all dye ingredients & intermediate dissolves completely. Transfer the above water phase to oil phase with constant stirring (with stirrer). Add balance hot water (temp between 60 to 65 °C) with constant stirring. Add Tinovis ADM, followed by Tea Tree oil & Ayurprash. Stir for five to seven minutes. Start draining hot water from jacketed tank while stirring is going on. When hot water is drained out, start passing chilled water into the jacket. At this point remove stirrer and start beater /shaft type stirrer. Cover the tank with lid. Also start flushing nitrogen gas from top. When temp further drops to less than 45 °C add Ex - 05 solution prepared earlier, stirr for 5 minutes, When temp drops to less than 42 °C and below add perfume (bryll kiwi) with constant stirring. Apply transfer pump and re-cycle the cream from bottom to top with constant stirring for 4 to 5 minutes. Check pH, if within prescribed limit transfer cream to hopper for filling. 11 The above procedure is shown in the Flow Chart below. Flow chart for preparation of hair dye with antidandruff property While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the chemical compositions of the preferred formulation, it will be appreciated that many formulations can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred formulation without departing from the principles of the invention. These and other changes in the preferred formulations as well as other formulations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation. Dated this 20th day of October, 2006. MOHAN DEWAN OF R.K.DEWAN & COMPANY APPLICANTS' PATENT ATTORNEY 14

Documents:

1750-mum-2006-abstract(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-ABSTRACT(GRANTED)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CANCELLED PAGES(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-claims(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CLAIMS(AMENDED)-(13-7-2011).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CLAIMS(GRANTED)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CLAIMS(MARKED COPY)-(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-correspondence(16-5-2008).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(21-9-2011).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(8-11-2011).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(IPO)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-correspondence-received.pdf

1750-mum-2006-description(complete)-(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-DESCRIPTION(GRANTED)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-description(provisional)-(20-10-2006).pdf

1750-mum-2006-description(provisional).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 1(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 1(20-10-2006).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 18(16-5-2008).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 2(complete)-(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 2(GRANTED)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 2(provisional)-(20-10-2006).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 2(TITLE PAGE)-(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 2(title page)-(complete)-(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 2(TITLE PAGE)-(GRANTED)-(21-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 2(title page)-(provisional)-(20-10-2006).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-FORM 26(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form 5(18-10-2007).pdf

1750-mum-2006-form-1.pdf

1750-mum-2006-form-2.pdf

1750-mum-2006-form-26.pdf

1750-mum-2006-form-3.pdf

1750-MUM-2006-MARKED COPY(13-7-2011).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT(13-7-2011).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-REPLY TO HEARING(1-2-2012).pdf

1750-MUM-2006-SPECIFICATION(AMENDED)-(13-7-2011).pdf