Title of Invention	A LOW TEMPERATURE ABSORPTION ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICE.
Abstract	This invention relates to a low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia vapor and water spray located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane housed within said device, a rigid connector having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage, said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve for ammonia solution and a drain valve which being controlled with operable piston, for draining out of the ammonia solution.

Title of Invention

A LOW TEMPERATURE ABSORPTION ENERGY CONVERSION DEVICE.

Abstract

This invention relates to a low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia vapor and water spray located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane housed within said device, a rigid connector having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage, said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve for ammonia solution and a drain valve which being controlled with operable piston, for draining out of the ammonia solution.

Full Text	Complete Specification Field of the Invention The invention relates to a new device that utilizes the energy of chemical reaction resulting in pressure / temperature variation to convert into mechanical energy. The present invention particularly relates to a low temperature energy conversion device. The most popular mechanism being the use of high pressure and temperature for combustion of fossil fuel (internal combustion) to convert into mechanical energy. On the other hand, this invention utilizes a sudden reduction in pressure creation of a partial vacuum, as a result of absorption of a gaseous fluid (occupying a higher volume) in a liquid medium due to its strong affinity eg. ammonia and water, in an enclosure with movable energy transmission linkages. This patent describes a mechanical system for conversion of vapor absorption energy to useful work. Prior Art Power cycles based on absorption phenomenon have been known and used since long. These cycles are comprised of circulating absorbent liquid and a condensable working fluid (vapor). Vapor phase fluid is separated from the absorbent at high temperature and pressure and then expanded to produce work, and then again reabsorbed at low pressure and temperature. A type of power cycle which bears certain similarities to the absorption power cycle is referred to as the "Kalina" cycle (US Patent Nos.4,489,563; 4,548,043; 6,058,695 and others). This type of power cycle also uses a multi-component working fluid such as ammonia-water. It differs from absorption power cycles in that there is no circulating liquid absorbent - the working fluid is entirely evaporated at high pressure in lieu of being desorbed. Other example of absorption cycle was an H2O and aqueous NaOH based engine used to power locomotives in Germany (US Patent No.340,718). H2O was the working fluid and aqueous NaOH was the usual absorbent. Similar cycles were built in Japan in the 1970s, powering small locomotives and were called "concentration difference engines" (US Patent No.4,122,680). The majority of the patents utilize the absorption mechanism for space heating/refrigeration or in turbine power cycles. Other absorption working pairs include lithium-bromide-water; TriDroxide-water; and Alkitrate-water. Few of the working pairs like the TriDroxide and Alkitrate pair are patented. An object of the present invention is to mitigate the prior art disadvantages. Another object of the present invention is to provide a new device that can work as a low temperature energy conversion device, wherein the heat of absorption is partly converted to mechanical work. A further object of the present invention is to provide a system that can be useful in areas of low temperature and low energy applications. Summary of the Invention The invention exploits the pressure variation, i.e. creation of a partial vacuum due to quick absorption of a gaseous vapor, viz. ammonia in a liquid (eg. Water), when the process takes place in an airtight enclosure. STATEMENT OF INVENTION According to this invention there is provided a low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia (A) vapor and water spray (B) located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet (M) for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane (H) housed within said device, a rigid connector (G) having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage (I), said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve (K) for ammonia solution and a drain valve (L) which being controlled with operable piston, (M) for draining out of the ammonia solution. (L) is drain valve controlled through a timing mechanism and (M) shows saturated ammonia solution draining out. The invented device is operable continuously in a cyclic manner, whereby the vapor (ammonia) and liquid (water) is fed to the system and the process of absorption used to obtain mechanical movement and the resulting byproduct being the vapor-liquid solution (ammonia solution). A typical cycle may consist of the following operations - 1. Introduction of vapor in the enclosure resulting in its expansion. 2. Introduction of liquid in the vapor filled enclosure, resulting the formation of a partial vacuum due to quick absorption of the vapor by the liquid. This reduction in pressure causes the enclosure to shrink and makes the "power stroke" of the cycle where chemical energy of absorption is converted to useful work. 3. Purging the enclosure of the vapor-liquid solution, and reintroduction of the vapor (step 1) and then the cycle repeats. The vapor-liquid solution formed as a result of this process may be recycled to separate the liquid and the vapor, may be using waste heat recovery or solar heat. Then the whole system can be operated in a closed loop. WE CLAIM: 1. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia (A) vapor and water spray (B) located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet (M) for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane (H) housed within said device, a rigid connector (G) having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage (I), said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve (K) for ammonia solution and a drain valve (L) which being controlled with operable piston, (M) for draining out of the ammonia solution. 2. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said device is an airtight enclosure provided with an operable piston (M) which moves in and out in response to pressure variation resulting from induction of gaseous ammonia and absorbent water (fluid), resulting in parial vacuum formation. 3. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said inlet for ammonia vapor and water spray are connected to said main body through separate vapor injection nozzles provided with control valves. 4. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said main body contains at its outlet end a non-return valve (K) positioned between enclosure (J) and a drain valve (L) or the easy discharge of ammonia solution. 5. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said rigid connector comprises a single O-ring having an inner circle and an outer circle, a gear wheel (G) is fitted with said inner circle by means of a connector

Full Text

Complete Specification

Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a new device that utilizes the energy of chemical reaction resulting in pressure / temperature variation to convert into mechanical energy. The present invention particularly relates to a low temperature energy conversion device.
The most popular mechanism being the use of high pressure and temperature for combustion of fossil fuel (internal combustion) to convert into mechanical energy. On the other hand, this invention utilizes a sudden reduction in pressure creation of a partial vacuum, as a result of absorption of a gaseous fluid (occupying a higher volume) in a liquid medium due to its strong affinity eg. ammonia and water, in an enclosure with movable energy transmission linkages. This patent describes a mechanical system for conversion of vapor absorption energy to useful work.
Prior Art
Power cycles based on absorption phenomenon have been known and used since long. These cycles are comprised of circulating absorbent

liquid and a condensable working fluid (vapor). Vapor phase fluid is separated from the absorbent at high temperature and pressure and then expanded to produce work, and then again reabsorbed at low pressure and temperature.
A type of power cycle which bears certain similarities to the absorption power cycle is referred to as the "Kalina" cycle (US Patent Nos.4,489,563; 4,548,043; 6,058,695 and others). This type of power cycle also uses a multi-component working fluid such as ammonia-water. It differs from absorption power cycles in that there is no circulating liquid absorbent - the working fluid is entirely evaporated at high pressure in lieu of being desorbed.
Other example of absorption cycle was an H2O and aqueous NaOH based engine used to power locomotives in Germany (US Patent No.340,718). H2O was the working fluid and aqueous NaOH was the usual absorbent. Similar cycles were built in Japan in the 1970s, powering small locomotives and were called "concentration difference engines" (US Patent No.4,122,680).
The majority of the patents utilize the absorption mechanism for space heating/refrigeration or in turbine power cycles. Other absorption working pairs include lithium-bromide-water; TriDroxide-water; and Alkitrate-water. Few of the working pairs like the TriDroxide and Alkitrate pair are patented.
An object of the present invention is to mitigate the prior art disadvantages.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new device that can work as a low temperature energy conversion device, wherein the heat of absorption is partly converted to mechanical work.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a system that can be useful in areas of low temperature and low energy applications.
Summary of the Invention
The invention exploits the pressure variation, i.e. creation of a partial vacuum due to quick absorption of a gaseous vapor, viz. ammonia in a liquid (eg. Water), when the process takes place in an airtight enclosure.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia (A) vapor and water spray (B) located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet (M) for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane (H) housed within said device, a rigid connector (G) having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage (I), said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve (K) for ammonia solution and a drain valve (L) which being controlled with operable piston, (M) for draining out of the ammonia solution.
(L) is drain valve controlled through a timing mechanism and (M) shows saturated ammonia solution draining out.
The invented device is operable continuously in a cyclic manner, whereby the vapor (ammonia) and liquid (water) is fed to the system and the process of absorption used to obtain mechanical movement and the resulting byproduct being the vapor-liquid solution (ammonia solution).

A typical cycle may consist of the following operations -
1. Introduction of vapor in the enclosure resulting in its expansion.
2. Introduction of liquid in the vapor filled enclosure, resulting the
formation of a partial vacuum due to quick absorption of the
vapor by the liquid. This reduction in pressure causes the
enclosure to shrink and makes the "power stroke" of the cycle
where chemical energy of absorption is converted to useful work.
3. Purging the enclosure of the vapor-liquid solution, and
reintroduction of the vapor (step 1) and then the cycle repeats.
The vapor-liquid solution formed as a result of this process may be recycled to separate the liquid and the vapor, may be using waste heat recovery or solar heat. Then the whole system can be operated in a closed loop.

WE CLAIM:
1. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device comprising a main body having a separate inlets for ammonia (A) vapor and water spray (B) located at the upper portions of said main body, an outlet (M) for draining out saturated ammonia solution located at the bottom portion of said main body, characterized by a moveable membrane (H) housed within said device, a rigid connector (G) having a single O-ring for rotary motion of the gear wheel and a tandem coverage (I), said rigid connector being attached to said moveable membrane, the device accommodates a non-return valve (K) for ammonia solution and a drain valve (L) which being controlled with operable piston, (M) for draining out of the ammonia solution.
2. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said device is an airtight enclosure provided with an operable piston (M) which moves in and out in response to pressure variation resulting from induction of gaseous ammonia and absorbent water (fluid), resulting in parial vacuum formation.
3. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said inlet for ammonia vapor and water spray are connected to said main body through separate vapor injection nozzles provided with control valves.
4. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein said main body contains at its outlet end a non-return valve (K) positioned between enclosure (J) and a drain valve (L) or the easy discharge of ammonia solution.
5. A low temperature absorption energy conversion device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said rigid connector comprises a single O-ring having an inner circle and an outer circle, a gear wheel (G) is fitted with said inner circle by means of a connector

Documents:

611-del-2004-abstract (05-05-2009).pdf

611-DEL-2004-Abstract-(20-09-2011).pdf

611-del-2004-claims (05-05-2009).pdf

611-DEL-2004-Claims-(20-09-2011).pdf

611-del-2004-claims.pdf

611-DEL-2004-Correspondence Others-(08-11-2011).pdf

611-DEL-2004-Correspondence Others-(20-09-2011).pdf

611-del-2004-correspondence.pdf

611-del-2004-description (complete) (05-05-2009).pdf

611-DEL-2004-Description (Complete)-(20-09-2011).pdf

611-del-2004-description (provisional).pdf

611-del-2004-description.pdf

611-del-2004-drawings (provisional).pdf

611-del-2004-drawings.pdf

611-del-2004-form1.pdf

611-del-2004-form2 (provisional).pdf

611-del-2004-form2.pdf

611-del-2004-form26.pdf

611-del-2004-form5.pdf

611-DEL-2004-GPA-(20-09-2011).pdf

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Patent Number

249887

Indian Patent Application Number

611/DEL/2004

PG Journal Number

47/2011

Publication Date

25-Nov-2011

Grant Date

21-Nov-2011

Date of Filing

29-Mar-2004

Name of Patentee

BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LTD.

Applicant Address

BHEL HOUSE, Siri Fort, New Delhi-110049

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	S. ANISH	C/o Bharat Heavy Electricals limited BHEL HOUSE, Siri Fort, New Delhi-110049

PCT International Classification Number

F01K 25/00

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA