Title of Invention

"A PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF HERBAL DYE SUITABLE FOR COTTON AND WOLLEN FABRIC"

Abstract This invention relates to a process for preparation of herbal dye suitable for cotton and wollen fabric comprising of preparing powder from plant part selected from rind of the fruit of Peacanut (carya illinoensis), whole plant of Bidens (Bidens pilosa), leaves of Eupatorium (Eupatorium adenophorum) or Apricot (premus armeniaca) or Litchi (Litchi Chinensis) wherein plant matter is 1-10% w/v, preferably 3-6% w/v with respect to the volume of aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, preparing 1% aqueous solution of alkaline of sodium carbonate, mixture as obtained in step (b) is heated at a temperature of 80-100°C for 30 to 60 minutes in water bath, Sieving and adjusting the pH by adding an acid as such herein described for wool and silk fabric and alkaline for cotton fabric, pH of herbal dye is preferably between 4 to 7 for wollen fabric and between 7 to 9 for cotton fabric.
Full Text FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a process for preparation of herbal dye suitable for cotton and wollen fabric wherein the herbal dye is specifically, but without implying any limitation thereto, suitable for cotton and wool.
PRIOR ART
Herbal dye is a dye mainly based on plant-derived colouring matter but includes animal dye and sometimes mineral dyes. There is growing trend world over to change over from synthetic colours to natural colours based on colouring matter taken from either leaves, roots or stem or fruit or sometimes whole of plants. There are large variety of plants from which colouring matter is derived for preparation of herbal dye. Some examples of plants used for herbal dye are Curcuma longa (turmeric), Punica granatum (pomegranate) Theasinensis (tea), Rosa hydrida (rose), cherry tree, Prunus persica (peach tree). Allium cepa (onion), Berberis lycium (Berberry), Rhododendron sps (Rhododendron), Pterocarpus Santatinus linn. (Red sandal wood), Eucalptus sps. (Eucalyptus), Bixo Orellana linn. (Annatto), Ornosmas Echiodes (Ratanjot) and Terminalia chebula (Myrobalan) Though these dyes are being used as textile dyes, but they also have certain other uses like Berberry, Eucalyputs and Myrobalan have medicinal value and are widely used in pharmaceutical industry. Red sandal wood and Rose (Rosa Hybrida) are widely used in cosmetic industry. Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Annatto, Ratanjot, Rhododendron and Tea are used widely in food industry as food additives.
The fastness properties in Berberry dyed woolen and cotton yarns are not within the acceptable range. The extraction of rhododendron and Ratanjot is done in alcoholic
medium which is not only unsafe to use but also an expensive method of dye extraction. Roots and bark of Indian Mulberry (Morinda Citrifolia linn.,) are used to extract red and yellow herbal dye. The use of mulberry plant to dye textiles will pose threat to the silk industry.
In traditional method of block printing and kalamkari, mixture of iron fillings and jaggery is fermented for days together to extract the colour which is a very time consuming process.
OBJECTS OF PRESENT INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and process for preparation thereof wherein the herbal dye is based on plant matter derived from plant Eupatorium adenophorum or Prunus armeniaca or Litchi Chinensis or Biden pilosa or Carya illinoensis.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and process for preparation thereof wherein the herbal dye obtained by the process is eco-friendly.
Still another object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein woolen/ cotton, textile fabric/article, dyed with herbal dye show no allergic reaction to human skin.
Further object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein the plants used for preparation of herbal dye are abundantly available in hills and plains.
Still further object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein the herbal dye imparts very fast colours in the range 3-5 for washing, perspiration and crocking on grey scales (1-5) and 6-8 for light fastness on the fading scale of 1-8 as per blue wool standards. The colours of the dyed woolen/cotton, Textile fabric/ article are resistant to fading against washing, perspiration, sunlight and crocking.
Yet further object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein the process is based on optimized conditions for medium of extraction, extraction time, dyeing time and concentration of mordant.
Even further object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein the process is simple and no sophisticated machinery is required.
Still further object of the present invention is to propose a herbal dye which imparts rare and unique tints and shades.
Yet further object of the present invention is to provide a herbal dye and a process for preparation thereof wherein chemicals used for extraction of herbal dye and for application of dye on woollen/textile fabric/yarn etc. are within the eco-friendly range.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
This invention relates to a process for preparation of herbal dye suitable for cotton and wollen fabric comprising of preparing powder from plant part selected from rind of the fruit of Peacanut (carya illinoensis), whole plant of Bidens (Bidens pilosa), leaves of Eupatorium (Eupatorium adenophorum) or Apricot (premus armeniaca) or Litchi (Litchi Chinensis) wherein plant matter is 1-10% w/v, preferably 3-6% w/v with respect to the volume of aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, preparing 1% aqueous solution of alkaline of sodium carbonate, mixture as obtained in step (b) is heated at a temperature of 80-100°C for 30 to 60 minutes in water bath, Sieving and adjusting the pH by adding an acid as such herein described for wool and silk fabric and alkaline for cotton fabric, pH of herbal dye is preferably between 4 to 7 for wollen fabric and between 7 to 9 for cotton fabric.
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
According to this invention, the herbal dye is prepared with plant matter derived from any of the following five plants:-
Plant Botanical Name Local name Part of the Plant Colour
In India used for dye obtained
Eupatorium Eupatorium Kali basunti Leaves Green
adenophorum
Apricot Prunus armeniaca Khumani Leaves Brown
Litchi Litchi Chinensis Litchi Leaves Brown
Bidens Biden pilosa Lanbh whole Pinkish
Peacanut Carya illinoensis Peacanut rind of Fruit Pinkish
Brown
The herbal dye as per this invention is prepared by the process comprising the following steps:
Preparation of plant powder
The relevant part of the plant as indicated above, is dried in shade for a period of 7 to 10 days. The dried plant matter is grinded to a fine powder and is sieved through 0.5 mm sieve.
Preparation of herbal dve
Except in the case of plant Biden pilosa, extraction medium used is alkaline, whereas in the case of Biden pilosa, water is used as medium for extraction of dye. For this purpose, for plant other them Biden pilosa, 1% aqueous solution of an alkaline medium preferably sodium carbonate is prepared separately, to which powder of plant matter taken in quantity 1-10% w/v, preferably 3-6% w/v w.r.t. to the volume of aqueous sodium carbonate is added with stirring for 2-5 minutes. The pot containing mixture of plant powder and sodium carbonate is kept in water bath and heated to 90-95°C for 30 to 60 minutes, preferably for 40-45 minutes. The contents in the pot are occasionally stirred and temperature of the water bath is maintained within the range of 90-95°C. The contents in the pot are sieved and to the liquid thus obtained, acid like hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, preferably acetic acid is added so that pH of the liquid becomes between 4 to 7 for woollen fabrics and between 7 to 9 for cotton fabrics.
Method of use
The fabric to be subjected to herbal dyeing is first scoured by washing with neutral soap solution containing 1.5 to 2g of soap per litre of water, so as to remove starch, dust,
natural oil, waxes or any other impurities. For woolen fabric, the scoured woollen fabric is boiled in soap solution prepared as above , for a period of about 45 minutes. The fabric is then thoroughly rinsed with running water so that no trace of soap solution is left on the fabric. The fabric is then dried in shade. For cotton fabrics in Apricat, Eupatorium, Litchi and peacanut, harda was used as pretreating agent whereas in case of bidens, tannic acid was used as pretreating agent, taking 6g of tannic acid for every lOOg of fabric. The pH of the tannic acid bath is kept around 4.4. The temperature of the bath is slowly raised to boiling temperature and later reduced to simmer. The temperature is maintained around 95-100°C for a period of about 30 minutes. The fabric is left to steep in the liquid for about 24 hours and thereafter it is rinsed thoroughly with water and dried in shade.
The woolen/cotton, textile fabric/article to be dyed, after treatment as above, is then subjected to either pre-mordanting or post mordanting or simultaneous mordanting. The mordant used is either alum or chrome or copper sulphate or ferrous sulphate. In pre-mordanting aqueous solution of mordant is first prepared by mixing with stirring for 2-5 minutes of mordant and water. The mordant alum is taken in quantity varying from 0.05-0.3% w/vl whereas CuSO4 FeSO4 and chrome are taken inquantity 0.01-0.06% w/v. The scoured and pre-treated yarn/fabric etc. is then immersed in aqueous solution of mordant, thus prepared, taking mordant and yarn in the ratio by weight varying from 1:100 to 3:100 an The invention will now be illustrated with working examples which are intended to be illustrative examples and are not intended to be taken restrictively to imply any limitation on the scope of this invention.
EXAMPLE-1
The rinds of fruit of plant Peacanut (Carya illinoensis) was dried in shade for 7 days. The dried matter was grinded to a fine powder and was sieved through 0.5mm sieve. Separately, an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate was prepared by taking 0.5g of sodium carbonate in 50ml of water. For preparation of 50ml of liquid herbal dye based on plant Peacanut, 1.5g of its fruit rind powder was added to the aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and the mixture was kept in a pot which was kept in a water bath and was heated to 90°C for 45 minutes. The liquid was sieved and for woollen yarn/fabric, acetic acid was added so that pH of the dye solution was 4. The woollen to be dyed after pre-treatment, was heated in aqueous solution of mordant and herbal dye for a period of 45 minutes and was dried in shade. The fast pinkish brown colour was obtained.
EXAMPLE-2
The whole plants of Bidens {Biden pilosa ) were dried in shade for 8 days and were then grinded to a fine powder and sieved through 0.5mm sieve. For preparation of 50ml of herbal dye, 3g of plant powder prepared as above was added to water. The mixture was taken in a container and was heated in a water bath to 90°C for 60 minutes. The liquid mixture was then sieved and to the solution thus obtained after sieving, acetic acid was added till pH of the solution was 4 for dyeing woolen yarn/fabric. For purposes of dyeing, the pre-treated woolen yarn was immersed in the aqueous solution of mordant and dye and the container was heated in a water bath for a period of 60 minutes. The woolen fabric was dyed to natural yellow colour.
EXAMPLE-3
The leaves of Eupatorium were collected and dried in shade for 7 days and grinded to a fine powder. These were then sieved through 0.5mm sieve. Separately, 1% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate in 50ml of water was prepared. For preparation of 50ml of liquid herbal dye, 3g of the plant leave powder as obtained above, was added to the aqueous solution of sodium carbonate. The container containing the mixture was heated in a water bath to a temperature of 90°C for a period of 45 minutes. The liquid mixture was sieved and to the liquid thus obtained after sieving, acetic acid was added till pH was 4. For the purpose of dyeing of l00g of cotton fabric, the fabric was first scoured by boiling with natural soap solution and rinsing with running water. The scoured fabric was then immersed in 10% harda (myrobalan) solution. The temperature was raised slowly to 100°C and later reduced to simmer and temperature was maintained for 30 minutes. The fabric was left to steep in the liquid for 24 hours and then after rinsing, was dried in shade. The fabric thus treated, was immersed in dye solution prepared as above and the container was heated in a water bath 90°C for 45 minutes. The cotton fabric was rinsed properly in running water to remove any traces of loose dye and was dried in shade. The fabric was imparted green colour.
The yarns/fabrics dyed with the herbal dye of this invention, were tested for colour fastness against washing, crocking, perspiration and light on the basis of BIS standards. The dyed yarn/fabric showed high degree of fastness in the range of 6-8 in the fading scale (blue wool standard) of 1-8 for light fastness and in range of 3-5 in fading and staining grey scale of 1-5.
It is to be understood that the herbal dye and process for preparation thereof as propose in this invention is susceptible to changes, modifications, adaptations by those skilled in the art. Such variant embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention which is further set forth under the following claims:-



I CLAIM:
1. A process for preparation of herbal dye suitable for cotton and wollen
fabric comprising of:
a) preparing powder from plant part selected from rind of the fruit of Peacanut (carya illinoensis), whole plant of Bidens (Bidens pilosa), leaves of Eupatorium (Eupatorium adenophorum) or Apricot (premus armeniaca) or Litchi (Litchi Chinensis) wherein plant matter is 1-10% w/v, preferably 3-6% w/v with respect to the volume of aqueous solution of sodium carbonate.
b) preparing 1% aqueous solution of alkaline of sodium carbonate,
c) mixture as obtained in step (b) is heated at a temperature of 80-100°C for 30 to 60 minutes in water bath,
d) Sieving and adjusting the pH by adding an acid as such herein described for wool and silk fabric and alkaline for cotton fabric, pH of herbal dye is preferably between 4 to 7 for wollen fabric and between 7 to 9 for cotton fabric.

2. A process for preparation of herbal dye as claimed in claim 1 wherein said heating is carried out to a temperature preferably 90-95°C.
3. A process for preparation of herbal dye as claimed in claim 1 wherein said heating is carried out for preferably 40 to 45 minutes.
4. A process for preparation of herbal dye as claimed in claim 1 wherein acid used is like hydrochloric acid, acetic acid preferably acetic acid.
5. A process for preparation of herbal dye substantially described and illustrated herein.

Documents:

370-del-2003-abstract.pdf

370-del-2003-claims.pdf

370-del-2003-complete specification (granted).pdf

370-del-2003-correspondence-others.pdf

370-del-2003-correspondence-po.pdf

370-del-2003-description (complete).pdf

370-del-2003-form-1.pdf

370-del-2003-form-18.pdf

370-del-2003-form-2.pdf

370-del-2003-form-3.pdf

370-del-2003-pa.pdf


Patent Number 242803
Indian Patent Application Number 370/DEL/2003
PG Journal Number 38/2010
Publication Date 17-Sep-2010
Grant Date 13-Sep-2010
Date of Filing 25-Mar-2003
Name of Patentee CSK HIMACHAL PRADESH KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA.
Applicant Address PALAMPUR -176062,HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 ASHA BANSAL DEPT.OF CLOTHING AND TEXTILES,COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE, PALAMPUR-176062,HIMANCHAL PRADESH,INDIA.
2 ANJALI SOOD DEPT.OF CLOTHING AND TEXTILES,COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE, PALAMPUR-176062,HIMANCHAL PRADESH,INDIA.
3 ANJALI SHARMA DEPT.OF CLOTHING AND TEXTILES,COLLEGE OF HOME SCIENCE, PALAMPUR-176062,HIMANCHAL PRADESH,INDIA.
PCT International Classification Number C09B 61/00
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA