Title of Invention

MILD SYNTHETIC DETERGENT TOILET BAR COMPOSITION

Abstract Mild toilet bar compositions are described that contain synthetic anionic surfactants, and monohydroxy C16-20 normal alkyl carboxylic acids and have a pH range of 5.0 - 7.0. The inventive bars have excellent processing properties and can be extruded and stamped into finished toilet bars.
Full Text J6883
FORM - 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)
MILD SYNTHETIC DETERGENT TOILET BAR COMPOSITION
HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED, a company incorporated under the Indian Companies Act, 1913 and having its registered office at Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai -400 020, Maharashtra, India
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed

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MILD SYNTHETIC DETERGENT TOILET EAR COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a mild syndet toilet bar with excellent physical and processing properties for
5 cleansing the human body, such as the skin and hair.
Synthetic detergent or syndet toilet bars have found considerable use as mild cleansing bars, but such bars have the potential to be soft and typically require structuring
10 agents to be added to firm or harden the bar. Thus the main function of prior art structurants such as soap, e.g. sodium stearate, in syndet bars is to provide body and give structure to the product. For example, sodium stearate finds considerable use as a structurant or structuring agent
15 in syndet bar formulations, forming a fibrous network
structure which helps in improving the mush and rate of wear properties of the bars. However, there is a problem in structuring syndet bars with reduced soap levels or preferably without soap that have excellent physical and
20 processing properties.
12-Hydroxystearic acid has been previously employed as a structuring agent in high water content soap or syndet bars; see e.g. US Patent No. 5,225,097 issued to M. Kacher, et al.
25 on July 6, 1993 and U.S. Patent No. 5,227,086 issued to M. Kacher, et al. on July 13, 1993, which are herein incorporated by reference. JP Kokai publication No. 7034100A, issued to E. Yoshiyuki, et al. on Feb. 3, 1995 describes a syndet bar containing 1 % to 30 % by weight of a
30 liquid or semi-solid oil and 0.01 % to 5 % by weight of 12-hydroxystearic acid.

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U.S. Patent No. 5965508 to Ospinal et al. issued on Oct. 12, 1999 discloses a toilet bar that is either a syndet, combo, or a detergent bar containing sulfonated methyl esters, and that employs stearic acid as a structurant. U.S. Patent No.
5 6172026 to Ospinal et al. issued on Jan. 9, 2001 describes a soap bar with alpha sulfonated alkyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, long chain carboxylic acids and soaps. U.S. Patent No. 3247121 to Hendricks issued on Apr. 19, 1966 discloses a toilet bar containing 50 % to 80 % soap, 0.5 % to 30 %
10 sulfonated methyl esters and 2 % to 12 % salt used to firm the bar and prevent smear.
Most prior art syndet bars have a pH in the range of about 7 to 8, which is generally considered a neutral pH toilet bar.
15 These bars are much superior in mildness to soap bars which generally have a pH in the range of about 9.5 to 11. During the process of making prior art syndet bars, specific amounts of tallow/coco soap are added to the bar for proper processing and improved latherability. However the addition
20 of soap in syndet formulations increases the bar pH that in turn increases the relative irritation potential of the bar to the skin.
Since normal skin pH is in the range of about 5.5-6.0, the
25 most compatible product to the skin will be a product with a pH in the same range.
Unexpectedly it has been found that the use of at least one monohydroxy alkyl carboxylic acid of a specific type can
30 provide structure to syndet bars in conjunction with low
Krafft point surfactants, and provides acceptable processing

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and lather. Preferably these carboxylic acids include monohydroxy C16 to C20 normal alkyl carboxylic acids and the like, such as monohydroxy substituted palmitic, stearic, and arachidic acids. These acids are used in syndet formulations
5 as a structurant in place of the major portion of soap, more preferably replacing substantially all of the soap. Although not wishing to be bound by the following theory, it is believed that the use of such low Krafft point surfactants such as e.g. C12- C18 alkyl sulfomethyl esters produce both
10 structuring and a sufficient quantity of liquid crystalline phase to give proper elasticity for processing of the bar. The resulting product has a pH near or at normal skin pH.
In one aspect of the invention is a mild toilet bar,
15 including but not limited to the following:
a. about 5 % to 80 % by wt. of total synthetic anionic
surfactant(s);
b. about 1 % to 20 % by wt. of total surfactant(s) with
20 a Krafft point of less than 30°C;
c. about 0.1 % to 10 % by wt. of total C16 to C20
normal alkyl mono hydroxy carboxylic acid(s);
d. about 3 % to 15 % by wt. of water;
e. less than about 10 % by wt. of soap(s); and
25 f. less than about 5 % by wt. of total hydrophobic and hydrophilic emollient (s) that are flowable liquids, at 25°C (or have a viscosity of less than about 1500 cps below 25°C) .
30 In another aspect of the invention is a toilet bar including but not limited to the following:

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a) less than about 5 % by weight of total liquid emollient(s) with a melting point below 30°C;
b) greater than 0.1 % of total emollient(s) with a melting point above 30°C;
c) about 5 % to 70 % by weight of total surfactant (s);
d) more than about 5 % by weight of 12-hydroxystearic acid; and
e) less than about 15 % by wt. of water.
In one aspect of the invention there is provided a mild toilet bar, including but not limited to the following:
a. about 5 % to 80 % by wt. of total synthetic anionic
surfactant(s), preferably having a lower limit of
about 25, 35, or 40 % by wt.; and an upper limit of
about 80, 65, 55, or 45 % by wt.;
b. about 1 % to 20 % by wt. of total surfactant (s) with
a Krafft point of less than 30°C, preferably having a
lower limit of about 1, 2, or 5% by wt. and an upper
concentration limit of about 20, 15, 10, and 5 % by
wt.; (advantageously the Krafft point is in the
range of about 15-30°C)
c. about 0.1 % to 10 % by wt. of total C16 to C20 mono
hydroxy carboxylic acid(s); (preferably more than
about 50, 60, 70 80, or 90 % by wt. of total C16 to
C20 mono hydroxy carboxylic acid(s) in the bar
formulation is 12 hydroxy stearic acid)
d. about 3 % to 15 % by wt. of water; (preferably the
water content of the bar is less than about 10, 8,
6, or 5 % by wt.)

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e. less than about 10 % by wt. of soap(s); and
f. less than about 5 % by wt. of total hydrophobic and
hydrophilic emollient(s) that- are flowable liquids
at 25°C (or have a viscosity of less than about 1500
5 cps below 25°C) .
Advantageously the inventive bar contains surfactant(s) with a Krafft point of less than 30°C. These surfactants is/are preferably selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic
10 surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants and blends thereof. Preferably the bar contains less than about 1 % by wt. of soap, more preferably less than 0.1 % by wt. of soap, and most preferably less than 0.01 % by wt. of soap.
15
In a preferred embodiment, the inventive bar has a pH of in the range of about 5.0 to 7.5. The pH preferably has a lower limit of about 5.1, 5.3, 5.5,' 5.7, or 6.0 and an upper limit of about 7.3, 7.0, 6.8, or 6.5.
20
Advantageously the low Krafft point surfactant in the inventive bar is selected from C12-C18 sulfonated methyl esters, C12- C18 sulfonated fatty acids, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, betaine, mono lauryl sulfosuccinate, mono cocoamido
25 mea sulfosuccinate, and the like. Preferably the ratio of total synthetic anionic surfactant to low Krafft point surfactant concentration in the bar is in the range of about 2 to 1 to about 100 to 1; more preferably in the range of about 5 to 1 to about 60 to 1.
30

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Preferably the ratio of C16 to C20 normal alkyl monohydroxyacids to flowable liquid emollient at 25°C in the inventive bar is in the range of about 5 to 1 to about 1 to 5. Advantageously the bar further includes hydrophilic
5 emollient(s) at a concentration less than about 50 % by wt of total emollient(s), preferably less than about 40, 25 or 20 % by wt. Advantageously the bar further includes hydrophobic emollient(s) at a concentration less than about 50 % by wt of total emollient(s), preferably less than about 40, 25 or 20 %
10 by wt.
In a preferred embodiment the bar contains less than about. 6 % by weight of water.
15 In another aspect of the invention is a toilet bar including but not limited to the following:
20
25
a) less than about 5 % by weight of total liquid emollient(s) with a melting point below 30°C;
b) greater than 0.1 % of total emollient(s) with a melting point above 30°C;
c) about 5 % to 70 % by weight of total surfactant (s);
d) more than about 5 % by weight of 12-hydroxystearic acid; and
e) less than about 15 % by wt. of water.
Advantageously the toilet bar contains emollient(s) with a melting point above 30°C include hydrophilic emollients that are selected from polyhydric alcohols, polyols, saccharides,
30 blends thereof, and the like; and hydrophobic emollient (s) selected from triglyceride(s), hydrocarbon(s), silicone (s),

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fatty acid(s), fatty ester(s), fatty alcohol(s), blends
thereof, and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the
inventive toilet bar includes at least one acyl isethionate,
preferably sodium cocoyl isethionate.
5
Preferably, 12-hydroxystearic acid is a structuring agent
present in the inventive bar where it comprises at least
about 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 or 90 % by wt. of the total
structuring agents in the inventive bar. Most preferably,
10 12-hydroxystearic acid is substantially the only structuring agent present. Non-soap structuring agents preferably are present in the inventive bar in the concentration range of about 5 % to 30 % by wt. In the case where 12-hydroxystearic acid is substantially the only structuring
15 agent, it is typically present in the concentration range of about 10 % to 15 %, preferably about 13 % to 15 % by weight in the inventive toilet bar.
In another aspect, the inventive toilet bar is mildly acidic
20 to neutral having a pH range of about 5.0 to 7.0, preferably 5.0 to 6.0, and most preferably 5.3 to 5.7. Preferably the pH of the bar corresponds to the pH of normal skin.
In a further aspect, the inventive toilet bar has a low
25 moisture content, in the range of about 1 % to less than or
equal to about 15 % by weight of water; preferably in the
range of about 2 % to 13 % by weight of water, and most
preferably contains less than 12, 10, 9, 8, 7 or 6 % by
weight of water.
30

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The Krafft point of a surfactant is defined as the
temperature [or more precisely, the narrow temperature
range) above which the solubility of a surfactant rises
sharply. At this temperature the solubility of the
5 surfactant becomes equal to the critical micelle
concentration. It may be determined by locating the abrupt
change in slope of a graph of the logarithm of the
solubility against temperature or 1/T, or can be rapidly
estimated using the the rapid estimation procedure described
10 below. High Krafft point surfactants are defined as those
that have a Krafft point above 30°C, and low Krafft point
surfactants are defined as those that have a Krafft point
equal to or below 30*0 using the rapid estimation technique
The Krafft point of the surfactants defined in b) of Claim 1 is determined as set out in Paragraph (a) of the description at pages 37 to 38.
A small quantity of fatty acid soap (i.e. preferably less
than about 10, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.7, 0.5, 0;3,.or 0.1 % by
wt.) with a low Krafft point may be added to the inventive syndet formulation to generate plasticity in the formulation
20 for better binding during the processing of making the bar. Furthermore high Krafft point fatty acid soaps such as palmitate and stearate may be" added at a low level (i.e. preferably less than about 10, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, lf 0.7, 0.5, 0.3, or 0.1% by wt.) to improve the structuring properties
25 of bar.
below.
15
I
Although not wishing to be bound by the theory, it is believed that the structure "that is created in the inventive bar is due to the macrocrystalline fibrous network formation
30 in the formulation. In the current invention a small
quantity of a non-soap co-surfactant with a low Krafft point

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may be used to replace about 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, 97, 98, or 99 % of the low Krafft point fatty acid soaps, to provide plasticity to the formulation while contributing little or no harsh soap content to the bar.
5 Moreover, at least about 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95 97, 98 or 99 % of the high Krafft point fatty acid soaps are replaced by C16-20 normal alkyl mono-hydroxy fatty acids which can provide network structure to the bar. The ratio of the low krafft point co-surfactant to C16-C20 normal alkyl
10 monohydroxy fatty acids can typically vary from about 2:1 to 2:5.
The most preferred ratio is about 1:1. The combined level of low Krafft point co-surfactants and C16-C20 normal alkyl
15 monohydroxy fatty acids can vary from about 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 or 15 % in the formulation. The efficiency of the mono-hydroxy fatty acid as a structurant in the formulation is a function of the chain length.
20 As stated above, useful mono-hydroxy carboxylic acids include those derived from CI6 to C20 normal alkyl carboxylic acids. The most preferred fatty acid is 12-hydroxyl stearic acid. Due to low titer (i.e. the solidification point of the fatty acid), mono hydroxyl acids
25 under C16 are not useful as structurants, because they make the formulation soft. Moreover, the ability of monohydroxy fatty acids with chain lengths greater than C20 to form the desired network structure is reduced due to very high titer observed for these acids.
30
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It is further preferred to keep the C16-C20 mono hydroxy acids at a minimum level to avoid the depression of lather in the formulation. Their useful level can vary from about 2 % to 10 % by wt. in the formulation; preferably the level
5 is less than about 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, or 3 % by wt.
In the current invention the level of total liquid emollients (i.e. emollients that are liquid or flowable at 25°C, preferably those that have a viscosity of less than about
10 1500 cps at 25°C, can vary from substantially none or about 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, to less than about 5 % by wt.
Total liquid emollients may include hydrophilic emollients, hydrophobic emollients, or a combination thereof. Useful
15 hydrophilic emollients can include glycerin, propylene glycol or other water soluble or dispersible alcohols or polyols. Useful hydrophobic emollients can include fatty esters, triglycerides, silicones or other oil soluble or oil dispersible types of materials. The preferred level of the
20 liquid emollient can be in the range of 3 % to less than 5 % by wt. Higher levels of liquid emollients will likely interfere with the process of making the inventive bars.
Emollients with a titer higher than about 45°C can be added
25 in the formulation up to about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 or 40 % by wt. These emollients can be fatty acids, saturated fats, aliphatic alcohols, waxes, silicones, polysaccharides or any other emollient or blend thereof.
30 Surfactants are an essential component of the inventive toilet bar. They are compounds that have hydrophobic and

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hydrophilic portions that act to reduce the surface tension of the aqueous solutions they are dissolved in. Useful surfactants can include anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants, and blends thereof.
5
The toilet bar of the present invention contains one or more non-soap synthetic anionic detergents (syndets). Anionic syndet surfactants may be employed at levels up to about 70 %, preferably up to about 60 %, more preferably up to about
10 50 % and most preferably up to about 40 % by wt. The
inventive bar may contain such surfactants at levels as low as about 25 %, preferably about 30 %, more preferably about 35 % and most preferably about 40 %.
15 Preferably the syndet surfactants individually or
collectively have a zein value of about 50 or less. Zein value may be measured using the test method described below.
The anionic detergent active which may be used may be
20 aliphatic sulfonates, such as a primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) sulfonate, primary alkane (e.g., C8-C22) disulfonate, C8-C22
alkene sulfonate, C8-C22 hydroxyalkane sulfonate or alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGES); or aromatic sulfonates such as alkyl benzene sulfonate.
25
The anionic may also be an alkyl sulfate (e.g., C12-C18 alkyl sulfate) or alkyl ether sulfate (including alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates). Among the alkyl ether sulfates are those having the formula:
30

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RO(CH2CH20)nS03M
wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons; n has an average value of
5 greater than 1.0, preferably greater than 3; and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. Ammonium and sodium lauryl ether sulfates are preferred.
10 The anionic may also be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including
mono- and dialkyl, e.g., C6-C22 sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates, alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-C22 alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxyl
alkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, C8-C22 monoalkyl
15 succinates and maleates, sulphoacetates, alkyl glucosides and acyl isethionates, and the like.
Sulfosuccinates may be monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having the formula:
20
R402CCH2CH(S03M)C02M; and
amide-MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula;
25 R4CONHCH2CH202CCH2CH(S03M)C02M
wherein R4 ranges from C8-C22 alkyl and M is a solubilizing
cation.

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Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formula:
R1CON(CH3)CH2C02M/
5 wherein R ranges from C8-C20 alkyl and M is a solubilizing cation.
Taurates are generally identified by formula:
10 R2CONR3CH2CH2S03M
2 3
wherein R ranges from C8-C20 alkyl, R ranges from C1-C4
alkyl and M is a solubilizing cation.
15 The inventive toilet bar preferably contains C6-C18 acyl
isethionates. These esters are prepared by the reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20.
20
The acyl isethionate may be an alkoxylated isethionate such as is described in Ilardi et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,393,466, titled *Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated isethonic acid" issued February 28, 1995; hereby incorporated by reference.
25 This compound has the general formula:
RC-0(0)-CH(X)-CH2-(0C(Y)H-CH2)m-S03M+

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wherein R is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are hydrogen or an alkyl group
having 1 to 4 carbons and M+ is a monovalent cation such as,
for example, sodium, potassium or ammonium.
5
In another embodiment of the inventive toilet bar, there is less than 5 % by wt. of soap. Preferably there is less than 4, 3, 2, or 1 %, and more preferably less than 0.5, 0.3 or 0.1 % by wt. of soap. The term "soap" is used herein in its
10 popular sense, i.e., the alkali metal or alkanol ammonium salts of alkane- or alkene monocarboxylic acids. Sodium, potassium, mono-, di- and tri-ethanol ammonium cations, or. combinations thereof, are included in this category. In general, sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di-, and tri-
15 ethanol soaps of saturated C8-C14 alkyl chains and
unsaturated fatty acids, preferably having C8-C22 alkyl chains, are soluble soaps that are strictly limited in concentration in the present invention.
20 One or more amphoteric surfactants may be used in this
invention. Such surfactants include at least one acid group. This may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They include quaternary nitrogen and therefore are quaternary amido acids. They should generally include an alkyl or
25 alkenyl group of 7 to 18 carbon atoms. They will usually comply with an overall structural formula:
R1-[-C(O)-NH (CH2)n-]m-N+-(R2) (R3)X-Y
30 where R1 is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms;

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R2and R3 are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or
carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; n is 2 to 4; m is 0 to 1; X is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally
5 substituted with hydroxyl, and Y is -CO2- or -SO3-
Suitable amphoteric surfactants within the above general formula include simple betaines of formula:
10 R1-N+- (R2) (R3)CH2C02-
and amido betaines of formula:
R1 - CONH(CH2)n-N+- (R2)(R3)CH2C02-
15
where n is 2 or 3.

In both formulae R1 , R2 and R3 are as defined previously. R1 may in particular be a mixture of C12 and C14 alkyl groups
20 derived from coconut oil so that at least half, preferably at
least three quarters of the groups R have 10 to 14 carbon
atoms. R2 and R3 are preferably methyl.
A further possibility is that the amphoteric detergent is a 25 sulphobetaine of formula:
R1-N+- (R2) (R3) (CH2)3S03-
or

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R1 - CONH(CH2)m-N+- (R2) (R3) (CH2)3S03_
where m is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which -(CH2)3 S03-
is replaced by
5
-CH2C(OH)HCH2S03-

In these formulae R1 , R2 and R3 are as discussed previously.
10 Amphoacetates and diamphoacetates are also intended to be
covered in possible zwitterionic and/or amphoteric compounds which may be used such as e.g., sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, and blends thereof, and the like. Amphoteric surfactants may be employed at levels up to 2G %,
15 preferably 10 %, more preferably 5 % and most preferably 2 %. The inventive bar may contain such surfactants at levels as low as 0.01 %, preferably 0.1 %, more' preferably 1 % and most preferably 2 %.
20 One or more nonionic surfactants may also be used in the toilet bar of the present invention. Nonionic surfactants may be employed at levels up to 15 %, preferably 10 %, more preferably 6 % and most preferably 2 %. The inventive bar may contain such surfactants at levels as low as 0.1 %,
25 preferably 1 %, more preferably 1.5 % and most preferably 2 %.

The nonionics which may be used include in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and
30 a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols,

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acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenols ethylene oxide condensates, the condensation
5 products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary
10 amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxide, and the like.
The nonionic may also be a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be
15 one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Patent No. 5,389,279 to Au et al. titled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants" issued February 14, 1995, which is hereby incorporated by reference, or it may be one of the sugar amides described in Patent No. 5,009,814 to
20 Kelkenberg, titled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued April 23, 1991, hereby incorporated into the subject application by reference.
25 An optional component in compositions according to the
invention is a cationic skin conditioning agent such as a cationic skin feel agent or polymer, for example cationic celluloses. Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR (trade mark) and
30 LR (trade mark) series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl .

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cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of
5 hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl
ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200, and quaternary ammonium compounds such as
10 alkyldimethylammonium halogenides.
A particularly suitable type of cationic polysaccharide polymer that can be used is a cationic guar gum derivative, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (Commercially
15 available from Rhone-Poulenc in their JAGUAR trademark
series) . Examples are JAGUAR C13S, which has a low degree of substitution of the cationic groups and high viscosity, JAGUAR C15, having a moderate degree of substitution and a low viscosity, JAGUAR C17 (high degree of substitution, high
20 viscosity), JAGUAR C16, which is a hydroxypropylated cationic guar derivative containing a low level of substituent groups as well as cationic quaternary ammonium groups, and JAGUAR 162 which is a high transparency, medium viscosity guar having a low degree of substitution.
25
Particularly preferred cationic polymers are JAGUAR C13S, JAGUAR CI5, JAGUAR C17 and JAGUAR C16 and JAGUAR C162, especially Jaguar C13S. Other cationic skin feel agents known in the art may be used provided that they are
30 compatible with the inventive formulation.

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Other preferred cationic compounds that are useful in the present invention include amido quaternary ammonium compounds such as quaternary ammonium propionate and lactate salts, and quaternary ammonium hydrolyzates of silk or wheat
5 protein, and the like. Many of these compounds can be
obtained as the Mackine™ Amido Functional Amines, Mackalene™ Amido functional Tertiary Amine Salts, and Mackpro® cationic protein hydrolysates from the McIntyre Group Ltd. (University Park, IL).
10
In a preferred embodiment of the invention having a hydrolyzed protein conditioning agent, the average molecular weight of the hydrolyzed protein is preferably about 2500. Preferably 90 % of the hydrolyzed protein is between a
15 molecular weight of about 1500 to about 3500. In a
preferred embodiment, MACKPRO™ WWP (i.e. wheat germ amido dimethylamine hydrolyzed wheat protein) is added at a concentration of 0.1 % (as is) in the bar. This results in a MACKPRO™ WWP "solids" of 0.035 % in the final bar formula
20 for this embodiment.
Cationic polymers may be employed at levels up to about 1 %, preferably up to about 0.5 %. The inventive bar may contain such polymers at levels as low as about 0.01 %, preferably 25 about 0.1 %, more preferably about 0.2 % and most preferably about 0.3 %.
One or more cationic surfactants may also be used in the inventive toilet bar. Cationic surfactants may be employed
30 at levels up to about 1 %, preferably about 0.5 %. The
inventive bar may contain such surfactants at levels as low

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as about 0.01 %, preferably about 0.1 %, more preferably about 0.2 % and most preferably about 0.3 %.
Examples of cationic detergents are the quaternary ammonium
5 compounds such as alkyldimethylammonium halogenides.
Other suitable surfactants which may be used are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,723,325 to Parran Jr. titled "Detergent Compositions Containing Particle Deposition Enhancing Agents"
10 issued March, 27, 1973; and "Surface Active Agents and
Detergents" (Vol. I & II) by Schwartz, Perry & Berch, both of which are also incorporated into the subject application by reference.
15 The inventive toilet bar also contains about 10 % to 40 % by wt., preferably 20 % to 30 % by wt. of total structurant agent. In the present invention these, structurants include monohydroxy C16 to C20 normal alkyl carboxylic acids and the like, such as monohydroxy substituted palmitic, stearic, and
20 arachidic acids; preferably predominating in 12-hydroxy stearic acid. Preferably the only monohydroxy C16 to C20 normal alkyl carboxylic acid in the toilet bar is 12-hydroxystearic acid. 12-hydroxy stearic acid is preferably present at about 0.1 % to 10 % by wt., preferably at about 2
25 % to 5 % by wt., and most preferably at about 2 % to 3 % by wt. Structurants are used to enhance the bar integrity, improve the processing properties, and enhance desired user sensory profiles.
30 Suitable co-structurants are generally long chain, preferably normal alkyl (C8-C24) fatty acids, their esters, branched long

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chain, preferably normal alkyl (C8-C24) alcohol or ether
derivatives thereof, and blends thereof. These co-structurants are preferably present at a level which allows the pH of the bar to remain in the 5.5 to 6.0 range. It is
5 preferred not to neutralize 12-hydroxystearic acid when it is used as the sole structuring agent in the inventive bar.
The inventive bar also optionally contains fillers selected from inorganic minerals such as calcium sulfate, and the
10 like; and starches, preferably water soluble starches such as maltodextrin and the like and polyethylene wax or paraffin wax, and the like. Fillers may be present in the inventive toilet bar in the range of 1 % to 15 % by weight, preferably 1 % to 5 % by weight.
15
Other co-structuring aids can also be selected from water soluble polymers chemically modified with a hydrophobic moiety or moieties, for example, EO-PO block copolymer, hydrophobically modified PEGs such as POE(200)-glyceryl-
20 stearate, glucam DOE 120 (PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate),and Hodag CSA-102 (PEG-150 stearate), and Rewoderm(R) (PEG modified glyceryl cocoate, palmate or tallowate) from Rewo Chemicals.
25 Other co-structuring aids which may be used include Amerchol Polymer HM 1500 (Nonoxynyl Hydroethyl Cellulose).
In addition, the inventive composition, especially the toilet bar of the invention may include 0 to 15 % by wt. Optional
30 ingredients as follows.

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Perfumes; sequestering agents, such as tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), EHDP or mixtures in an amount of 0.01 % to 1 %, preferably 0.01 % to 0.05 %; and coloring agents, opacifiers and pearlizers such as zinc
5 stearate, magnesium stearate, Ti02, EGMS (ethylene glycol
monostearate) or Lytron 621 (Styrene/Acrylate copolymer) and the like; all of which are useful in enhancing the appearance or cosmetic properties of the product.
10 The compositions may further comprise preservatives such as dimethyloldimethylhydantoin (Glydant XL1000), parabens, sorbic acid etc., and the like.
The compositions may also comprise coconut acyl mono- or 15 diethanol amides as suds boosters, and strongly ionizing
salts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate may also be used to advantage.
Antioxidants such as, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene 20 (BHT) and the like may be used advantageously in amounts of about 0.01 % or higher if appropriate.
As discussed above, emollients may be advantageously used in the present invention. Emollients which are hydrophilic and
25 also function as humectants such as polyhydric alcohols, e.g. glycerin and propylene glycol, and the like; and polyols such as the polyethylene glycols listed below and the like may be used. Such materials may be employed at levels greater than 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 2,0, 3.0, 5, 9, 10,
30 11, 15 or 20 % by wt.

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Polyox WSR-205 PEG 14M, Polyox WSR-N-60K PEG 45M, or Polyox WSR-N-750 PEG 7M.
5 Preferably hydrophobic emollients are used in excess of
hydrophilic emollients in the inventive toilet skin care or cleansing composition. Hydrophobic emollients are preferably present in a concentration greater than about 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, or up to about 5 % by
10 wt. The term "emollient" is defined as a substance which softens or improves the elasticity, appearance, and youthfulness of the skin (stratum corneum) by increasing its water content, and/or keeps it soft by retarding the decrease of its water content.
15
Useful emollients include the following:
(a) silicone oils and modifications thereof such as linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes; amino, alkyl, alkylaryl, and aryl silicone oils;
20 (b) fats and oils including natural fats and oils such as jojoba, soybean, sunflower, rice bran, avocado, almond, olive, sesame, persic, castor, coconut, mink oils; cacao fat; beef tallow, lard; hardened oils obtained by hydrogenating the aforementioned oils; and
25 synthetic mono, di and triglycerides such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride;
(c) waxes such as carnauba, spermaceti, beeswax, lanolin, and derivatives thereof;
(d) hydrophobic and hydrophilic plant extracts;

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(e) hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, petrolatum,
microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristan and
mineral oil;
(f) higher fatty acids such as lauric, myristic, palmitic,
5 stearic, behenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, lanolic,
isostearic, arachidonic and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA);
(g) higher alcohols such as lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl,
behenyl, cholesterol and 2-hexydecanol alcohol;
10 (h) esters such as cetyl octanoate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl adipate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate, cholesterol isostearate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol distearate, glycerol
15. tristaarate., alkyl .lactate, alkyl citrate and alkyl tartrate; (i) essential oils and extracts thereof such as mentha, jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter orange peel, ryu, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu,
20 calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus,
lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, sesame, ginger, basil, juniper, lemon grass, rosemary, rosewood, avocado, grape, grapeseed, myrrh, cucumber, watercress, calendula, elder flower, geranium, linden
25 blossom, amaranth, seaweed, ginko, ginseng, carrot, guarana, tea tree, jojoba, comfrey, oatmeal, cocoa, neroli, vanilla, green tea, penny royal, aloe vera, menthol, cineole, eugenol, citral, citronelle, borneol, linalool, geraniol, evening primrose,
30 camphor, thymol, spirantol, penene, limonene and
terpenoid oils; and

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(j) mixtures of any of the foregoing components, and the like.
Preferred emollients are selected from fatty acid(s),
5 triglyceride oil(s), mineral oil(s), petrolatum, and mixtures thereof. Advantageously the emollient(s) is/are fatty acid(s).
Exfoliants may be used. Such exfoliants used in the art 10 include natural minerals such as silica, talc, calcite,
pumice, tricalcium phosphate; seeds such as rice, apricot seeds, etc; crushed shells such as almond and walnut shells; oatmeal; polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene beads, flower petals and leaves; microcrystalline wax beads;
15 jojoba ester beads,, and the like. These exfoliants come in a variety of particle sizes and morphology ranging from micron sized to a few mm. They also have a range of hardness. Some examples are given in table 1 below. Preferably such exfoliants are selected from softer varieties such as those
20 with a Mohs hardness of less than about 4, 3, or 2. In a preferred embodiment, no exfoliants are used.
Table 1

Material Hardness (Mohs)
Talc 1
Calcite 3
Pumice 4-6
Walnut Shells 3-4
Dolomite 4
Polyethylene ~1

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Advantageously, optional active agents other than emollients defined above may be added to the toilet bar in a safe and effective amount. These active ingredients may be advantageously selected from anti-microbial and anti-fungal
5 actives, vitamins, ant:.-acne actives; anti-wrinkle, anti-skin atrophy and skin repair actives; skin barrier repair actives; non-steroidal cosmetic soothing actives; artificial tanning agents and accelerators;; skin lightening actives; sunscreen actives; sebum stimulators; sebum inhibitors; anti-oxidants;
10 protease inhibitors; skin tightening agents; anti-itch ingredients; hair growth inhibitors; 5-alpha reductase inhibitors; desquamating enzyme enhancers; anti-glycation agents; topical anesthetics, or mixtures thereof; and the like.
15
Active agents may be selected from water soluble active agents, oil soluble active agents, pharmaceutically-acceptable salts and mixtures thereof. The term "active agent" as used herein, means personal care actives which can
20 be used to deliver a benefit to the skin and/or hair and which generally are not used to confer a conditioning benefit, as is conferred by emollients previously described herein. The term "safe and effective amount" as used herein, means an amount of active agent high enough to
25 modify the condition to be treated or to deliver the desired skin care benefit, but low enough to avoid serious side effects.
The term "benefit," as used herein, means the therapeutic, 30 prophylactic, and/or chronic benefits associated with treating a particular condition with-one or more of the

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active agents described herein. What is a safe and effective amount of the active agent ingredient will vary with the specific active agent, the ability of the active to penetrate through the skin, the age, health condition, and
5 skin condition of the user, and other like factors.
Preferably the toilet oars of the present invention comprise from about 0.01 % to about 50 %, more preferably from about 0.05 % to about 25 %, even more preferably 0.1 % to about 10
10 %, and most preferably 0.1% to about 5 % by weight of the active agent component(s).
Anti-acne actives can be effective in treating acne vulgaris, a chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous follicles.
15 Non-limiting examples of useful anti-acne actives include the keratolytics such as salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid), derivatives of salicylic acid such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid and 4 methoxysalicylic acid, and resorcinol; retinoids such as retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g.,
20 cis and trans); sulfur-containing D and L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly their N-acetyl derivatives, mixtures thereof and the like.
Anti-microbial and anti-fungal actives can be effective to
25 prevent the proliferation and growth of bacteria and fungi. Non-limiting examples of anti-microbial and anti-fungal actives include b-lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin,
amikacin, 2, 4, 4 ' -trichloro-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether,

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3,4,4'- trichlorobanilide, phenoxyethanol, triclosan; triclocarban; and mixtures thereof and the like.
Anti-wrinkle, anti-skin atrophy and skin repair actives can
5 be effective in replenishing or rejuvenating the epidermal layer. These actives generally provide these desirable skin care benefits by promoting or maintaining the natural process of desquamation. Non-limiting examples of anti-wrinkle and anti-skin atrophy actives include vitamins,
10 minerals, and skin nutrients such as milk, vitamins A, E, and K; vitamin alkyl esters, including vitamin C alkyl esters; magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc and other metallic. components; retinoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., cis and trans); retinal; retinol; retinyl esters such as retinyl
15 acetate," retinyl palmitate, and retinyl "propionate; vitamin B3 compounds (such as niacinamide and nicotinic acid), alpha hydroxy acids, beta hydroxy acids, e.g. salicylic acid and derivatives thereof (such as 5-octanoyl salicylic acid, heptyloxy 4 salicylic acid, and 4-methoxy salicylic acid);
20 mixtures thereof and the like.
Skin barrier repair actives are those skin care actives which can help repair and replenish the natural moisture barrier function of the epidermis. Non-limiting examples of skin
25 barrier repair actives include lipids such as cholesterol, ceramides, sucrose esters and pseudo-ceramides as described in European Patent Specification No. 556,957; ascorbic acid; biotin; biotin esters; phospholipids, mixtures thereof, and the like.
30
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Non-steroidal cosmetic soothing actives can be effective in preventing or treating inflammation of the skin. The soothing active enhances the skin appearance benefits of the present invention, e.g., such agents contribute to a more
5 uniform and acceptable skin tone or color. Non-limiting examples of cosmetic soothing agents include the following categories: propionic acid derivatives; acetic acid derivatives; fenamic acid derivatives; mixtures thereof and the like. Many of these cosmetic soothing actives are
10 described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,459 to Sunshine et al., issued Jan. 15, 1991, incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Artificial tanning actives can help in simulating a natural
15 suntan by increasing melanin in the skin or by producing the appearance of increased melanin in the skin. Non-limiting examples of artificial tanning agents and accelerators include dihydroxyacetaone; tyrosine; tyrosine esters such as ethyl tyrosinate and glucose tyrosinate; mixtures thereof,
20 and the like.
Skin lightening actives can actually decrease the amount of melanin in the skin or provide such an effect by other mechanisms. Non-limiting examples of skin lightening
25 actives useful herein include aloe extract, alpha-glyceryl-L-ascorbic acid, aminotyroxine, ammonium lactate, glycolic acid, hydroquinone, 4 hydroxyanisole, mixtures thereof, and the like.
30 Also useful herein are sunscreen actives. A wide variety of sunscreen agents are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,087,445,

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to Haffey et al., issued Feb. 11, 1992; U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,372, to Turner et al., issued Dec. 17, 1991; U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,371, to Turner et al. issued Dec. 17, 1991; and Segarin, et al., at Chapter VIII, pages 189 et seq., of
5 Cosmetics Science and Technology, all of which are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Non-limiting examples of sunscreens which are useful in the compositions of the present invention are those selected from the group consisting of octyl methoxyl cinnamate
10 (Parsol MCX) and butyl methoxy benzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 2-ethylhexyl p- methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl N,N-dimethyl-p-aminobenzoate, p- aminobenzoic acid, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid, oxybenzone, mixtures thereof, and the like.
15
Sebum stimulators can increase the production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. Non-limiting examples of sebum stimulating actives include bryonolic acid, dehydroetiandrosterone (DHEA), orizanol, mixtures thereof,
20 and the like.
Sebum inhibitors can decrease the production of sebum by the sebaceous glands. Non-limiting examples of useful sebum inhibiting actives include aluminum hydroxy chloride,
25 corticosteroids, dehydroacetic acid and its salts,
dichlorophenyl imidazoldioxolan (available from Elubiol), mixtures thereof, and the like.
Also useful as actives in the present invention are protease
30 inhibitors. Protease inhibitors can be divided into two general classes; the proteinases and the peptidases.

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Proteinases act on specific interior peptide bonds of proteins and peptidases act on peptide bonds adjacent to a free amino or carboxyl group on the end of a protein and thus cleave the protein from the outside. The protease inhibitors suitable
5 for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, proteinases such as serine proteases, metalloproteases, cysteine proteases, and aspartyl protease, and peptidases, such as carboxypepidases, dipeptidases and aminopepidases, mixtures thereof and the like.
10
Other useful as active ingredients in the present invention are skin tightening agents. Non-limiting examples of skin, tightening agents which are useful in the compositions of the present invention include monomers which can bind a
15 polymer to the skin such as terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, (meth)acrylic acid and a hydrophobic monomer comprised of long chain alkyl (meth)acrylates, mixtures thereof, and the like.
20 Active ingredients in the present invention may also include anti-itch ingredients. Suitable examples of anti-itch ingredients which are useful in the compositions of the present invention include hydrocortisone, methdilizine and trimeprazineare, mixtures thereof, and the like.
25
Non-limiting examples of hair growth inhibitors which are useful in the compositions of the present invention include 17 beta estradiol, anti-angiogenic steroids, curcuma extract, cycloxygenase inhibitors, evening primrose oil,
30 linoleic acid and the like. Suitable 5-alpha reductase

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inhibitors such as ethynylestradiol and genistine mixtures thereof, and the like.
Non-limiting examples of desquamating enzyme enhancers which
5 are useful in the compositions of the present invention include alanine, aspartic acid, N methyl serine, serine, trimethyl glycine, mixtures thereof, and the like.
A non-limiting example of an anti-glycation agent which is
10 useful in the compositions of the present invention would be Amadorine (available from Barnet Products Distributor), and the like.
Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where 15 otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this
description indicating amounts of material ought to be understood as modified by the word "about".
The following examples will more fully illustrate the
20 embodiments of this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred to herein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwise illustrated. Physical test methods are described below:
25 EXAMPLES
The following inventive toilet bars may be formulated according to the manufacturing methods described below-.

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Example 1 - Mild Toilet Soaps
Mild toilet soaps A to G according to the invention may be prepared according to the formulations in Tables 1 to 7
5 respectively according to the method listed below.
Table 1 - Toilet bar A

Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 10-80%
coconut fatty acid 1-15%
50:50 blend of sulfomethyl esters and sulfonated fatty acids with a carbon chain length range from C12-18 (1). 1-10%
12-hydroxy stearic acid 0.1-5 %
sodium chloride 0.5-5.0 %
stearic acid 2-25 %
titanium dioxide 0.001-1 %
EHDP 0.001-1 %
EDTA 0.001-1 %
sodium isethionate 1-10%
petrolatum 0.1-5 %
water 0-10%
Total 100 %
10 Note (1); Alpha Step BSS 45 ® supplied by Stepan Corp. (Chicago, IL).

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5

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Table 2 - Toilet bar B

Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 60.50 %
coconut fatty acid 6.00 %
50:50 blend of sulfomethyl esters and sulfonated fatty acids with a carbon chain length range from C12-18 3.00 %
12-hydroxy stearic acid 3.00%
sodium chloride 0.75 %
stearic acid 15.00%
titanium dioxide 0.15%
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.03 %
sodium isethionate 5.00 %
Petrolatum 1.00%
Water to 100%
Total 100%
Table 3 - Toilet bar C

Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 63.00 %
coconut fatty acid 6.00 %
50:50 blend of sulfomethyl esters and sulfonated fatty acids with a carbon chain length range from C12-18. 5.00 %
12-hydroxy stearic acid 2.50 %
sodium chloride 0.75 %
stearic acid 12.00 %
titanium dioxide 0.15%
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.05 %
sodium isethionate 5.25 %
Petrolatum 0.27 %
Water to 100%
Total 100%

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Table 4 - Toilet bar D

Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 60.00 %
coconut fatty acid 6.00 %
Sodium laury ether sulfate (2 eo) Krafft point =0°C 3.08 %
Betaine 5.00 %
12-hydroxy stearic acid 2.50 %
sodium chloride 0.73 %
stearic acid 12.00 %
titanium dioxide 0.15 %
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.05 %
sodium isethionate 5.22 %
Petrolatum 0.25 %
Water to 100 %
Total 100 %
Table 5 - Toilet bar E
5


Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 62.00 %
coconut fatty acid 6.00 %
Mono lauryl sulfosuccinate and mono cocoamido MEA sulfosuccinate (1:1 blend) Krafft point Betaine 4.00 %
12-hydroxy stearic acid 2.50 %
sodium chloride' 0.73 %
stearic acid 11.63%
titanium dioxide 0.15%
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.05%
sodium isethionate 5.20 %
Petrolatum 0.22 %
Water to 100%
Total 100%

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Table 6 - Toilet bar F

Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 55.00 %
coconut fatty acid 6.00 %
50:50 blend of sulfomethyl esters and sulfonated fatty acids with a carbon chain length range from C12-18. Krafft point 10-hydroxy palmitic acid 2.50 %
sodium chloride 1.25%
stearic acid 15.00%
titanium dioxide 0.15%
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.05 %
sodium isethionate 5.75 %
Petrolatum 1.27%
Water to 100 %
Total 100 %
Note (1); Alpha Step BSS 45 ® supplied by Stepan Corp.
5 (Chicago, IL)
Table 7 - Toilet bar G


Ingredients Concentration Range % by wt.
sodium cocoyl isethionate 60.00 %
coconut fatty acid 5.00 %
Mono lauryl sulfosuccinate and mono cocoamido sulfosuccinate (1:1 blend), Krafft point C8-C18 olefin sulfonate (Krafft point 12-hydroxy arachidic acid 2.25 %
sodium chloride 1.00%
stearic acid 11.50%
titanium dioxide 0.15%
EHDP 0.03 %
EDTA 0.05 %
sodium isethionate 8.00 %
Water I to 100 %
Total 100%

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- 37 -Process for making bars A - G:
Stearic acid, monohydroxyl stearic/palmitic/arachadic acid and coco fatty acid are first melted in a z-blade mixer (at 80 to 90°C) . Sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI) is slowly added in the melt with continuous mixing at about 100-110°G. Once all the SCI is homogeneously dispersed, then other formulation ingredients are added one by one in the mixer and dispersed. After all the components are dissolved, the temperature is reduced to 95°C and water is adjusted to about 5-6 %. The resulting mass is then chill roll milled (at 15 to 20°C) . This milled material can be plodded directly or certain optional ingredients such fragrance, color, emotives (such as e.g. herbal extracts, vitamins, antibacterial agents, and the like) or other promotional ingredients can be added in the base, mixed- in a chip mixer, milled and plodded.
DESCRIPTION OF TEST METHODS
Methods of testing
One or more of the following tests can be used to characterize the inventive toilet bars and compare it to comparative toilet bars.
a. Krafft point determination
Make up a 10 % by wt. solution of surfactant in to be tested water. If needed, heat the system to dissolve the

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surfactant completely. Transfer the clear solution to a glass test tube. Place the test tube in a beaker equipped with a stirrer and filled with sufficient water to evenly cool the surfactant solution. The solution should be cooled
5 with continuous stirring and the temperature should be continuously recorded. Note the temperature when the crystallization process begins such that the solution solution becomes turbid. This temperature is taken as the Krafft point. If the crystallization temperature is below
10 room temperature, add ice to the beaker to gradually cool the test tube below room temperature to measure the subambient Krafft point. Measure the Krafft point as above.
b) Zein test method
15
The surfactant(s) or cleansing base of the inventive toilet bar preferably have zein solubilities of under about 50, 40, 30, and most preferably under about 25 using the zein solubility method set forth below. The lower the zein
20 score, the milder the product is considered to be. This method involves measuring the solubility of zein (corn protein) in cleansing base solutions as follows.
0.3 g of cleansing base and 29.7 g of water are mixed
25 thoroughly. To this is added 1.5 g of zein, and mixed for 1 hour. The mixture is then centrifuged for 30 minutes at 3000 rpm. After centrifugation, the pellet is extracted, washed with water, and dried in a vacuum oven for 24 hours until substantially all the water has evaporated. The
30 weight of the dried pellet is measured and percent zein solubilized is calculated using the following equation:

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% Zein solubilized = 100 (1-weight of dried pellet/1.5).
The % Zein is further described in the following references; E. Gotte, Skin compatibility of tensides measured by their
5 capacity for dissolving zein protein, Proc. IV International Congress of Surface Active Substances, Brussels, 1964, pp 83-90.
While this invention has been described with respect to
10 particular embodiments thereof, it is apparent that numerous other forms and modifications of the invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The appended claims and this invention generally should be construed to cover all such obvious forms and modifications which are within
15 the true spirit and scope of the present invention.

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CLAIMS
1. A mild toilet bar, comprising:
5 a. 5 % to 80% by wt. of total synthetic anionic surfactant (s);
b. 1 % to 20 % by wt, of total surfactant(s) with a
Krafft point of less than 30°C;
c. 0.1 % to 10 % by wt. of total C16 to C20 mono
10 hydroxy carboxylic acid(s);
d. 3 % to 15 % by wt. of water;
e. less than 10 % by wt. of soap(s); and
f. less than 5 % by wt. of total hydrophobic and
hydrophilic emollient(s) that are flowable liquids
15 at 25°C.
2. The bar of claim 1 wherein the surfactant(s) with a
Krafft point of less than 30°C is (are) selected from
anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric
20 surfactants, cationic surfactants and blends thereof; preferably selected from C12- C18 sulfonated methyl esters, C12- C18 sulfonated fatty acids, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, betaine, mono lauryl sulfosuccinate, and mono cocoamido mea sulfosuccinate.
25
3. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, wherein at
least 90 % by wt. of the total C16 to C20 mono hydroxy
carboxylic acid(s) is 12 hydroxy stearic acid.
30 4. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising less than 1 % by wt. of soap.

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5. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, further
comprising a pH of in the range of 5.0 to 7.5.
6. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the
5 total synthetic anionic surfactant to low Krafft point
surfactant concentration is in the range of 2 to 1 to 100 to 1.
7. The bar of any one of claims 3 to 6 wherein the ratio of
10 C16 to C20 normal alkyl monohydroxyacids to flowable
liquid emollient at 25°C is in the range of 5 to 1 to 1 to 5.
8. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the
15 bar contains less than 6 % by weight of water.
9. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, further
comprising hydrophilic emollient(s) at a concentration
less than 50 % by wt of total emollient(s).
20
10. The bar of any one of the preceding claims, further
comprising hydrophobic emollient(s) at a concentration
less than 50 % by wt of total emollient(s).
25 11. A toilet bar comprising:
a) less than 5 % by weight of total liquid emollient(s)
with a melting point below 30°C;
b) greater than 0.1 % of total emollient(s) with ‘a 30 melting point above 30°C;
c) 5 % to 70 % by weight of total surfactant(s);

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d) more than 5 % by weight of 12-hydroxystearic acid; and
e) less than 15 % by wt. of water.
5 12. The toilet bar of claim 11 where the emollient (s) with a melting point above 30°C is (are) hydrophilic emollients selected from polyhydric alcohols, polyols, saccharides, and mixtures thereof.
10 13. The toilet bar of claim 11 or claim 12, wherein the emollient(s) with a melting point above 30°C is(are) hydrophobic emollient(s) selected from triglyceride(s), hydrocarbon(s), silicone(s), fatty acid(s), fatty ester(s), fatty alcohol(s), and blends thereof.
15
14. The toilet bar of any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the total surfactant(s) includes at least one acyl isethionate; preferably sodium cocoyl isethionate.
Dated this 13th day of December 2006
HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED
(S. Venkatramani) Senior Patents Manager

Documents:

1530-mumnp-2006-annexure to form 3(15-5-2008).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-assignment.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-cancelled page(15-5-2008).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-claims(amended)-(15-5-2008).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-claims(granted)-(29-7-2010).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-claims.doc

1530-mumnp-2006-claims.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-correspondence 1(3-8-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE 17-6-2008.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-correspondence 2(24-4-2007).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(05-05-2010).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(10-2-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(12-1-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(16-3-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(3-8-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(4-12-2009).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-CORRESPONDENCE(8-2-2012).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-correspondence(ipo)-(30-7-2010).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-correspondence-others.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-correspondence-received.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-description (complete).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-description(granted)-(29-7-2010).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form 13(24-9-2007).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form 18(24-4-2007).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form 2(granted)-(29-7-2010).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form 2(title page)-(13-12-2006).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form 2(title page)-(granted)-(29-7-2010).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-FORM 3(24-2-2010).pdf

1530-MUMNP-2006-FORM 3(4-8-2010).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form-1.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form-2.doc

1530-mumnp-2006-form-2.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form-3.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-form-5.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-pct search report.pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-reply to examination report(15-5-2008).pdf

1530-mumnp-2006-wo international publication report(13-12-2006).pdf


Patent Number 241900
Indian Patent Application Number 1530/MUMNP/2006
PG Journal Number 32/2010
Publication Date 06-Aug-2010
Grant Date 29-Jul-2010
Date of Filing 13-Dec-2006
Name of Patentee HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED
Applicant Address HINDUSTAN LEVER HOUSE, 165-166,BACKAY RECLAMATION, MUMBAI 400 020
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 BRENAN Michael A Unilever HPC - NA Research & Development, 40 Merritt Boulevard Trumbull, Connecticut, CT 06611,
2 ABBAS Syed Husain Unilever Home & Personal Care, Stabilimento di Casalputerlingo, Via Gibs 3, 26841 Casalpusterlingo (LO), Lodi,
3 MASSARO Michael Unilever Home & Personal Care - USA, 40 Merrit Boulevard, Trumbull, Connecticut 06611
PCT International Classification Number C11D17/00 A61K8/365
PCT International Application Number PCT/EP2005/007000
PCT International Filing date 2005-06-27
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 10/883324 2004-07-01 U.S.A.