Title of Invention

AN EFFICIENT FUEL ADDITIVE FOR LOWERING EXHAUST POLLUTION`

Abstract The invention relates to Petro - Diesel Catalyst Additive, an Eco-friendly fuel additive comprising of:- Aliphatic Hydrocarbons of molecular formula (CnH2n-2); n= 8 to 18 — 60 - 80% (v/v) Ethylene Diamine Dilaurate — 5 - 15% (v/v) Butyl Ricinoleate — 0.5 - 3% (v/v) Benzoyl Peroxide — 0.3 - 3% (v/v) Cyclohexylnitrate — 7-15% (v/v) Isobutelene Succinimide — 2 - 6% (v/v) Barium Petroleum Sulphonate — 0.3 - 0.5% (v/v) 5-ethoxy Nonyl Phenol — 0.5-1% (v/v) which is added to fuel oil at at 1 : 100 ratio. This composition enhances thermal efficiency of Internal Combustion engines with profound effect in lowering the exhaust pollution. Higher efficiency of the combustion engine promotes to fuel savings, leading to conservation of non-renewable energy sources. The finished catalytic additive product shows synergistic effect with any kind of liquid fuel.
Full Text FIELD OF INVENTION:
The invention relates to An Efficient Fuel Additive for lowering Exhaust Pollution
THE BACKGROUNP OF INVENTION:
Carbon dioxide emissions contribute to the greenhouse effect, which may cause global
warming, disruptions in agricultural production, and ecological harm. Road transport (including both
passenger vehicles and heavy duty trucks) accounts for about 30% of emissions of greenhouse gases
in the US. so fuel efficiency gains can plan an important role in controlling potential impacts of
global warming.
Carbon dioxide is not the only greenhouse gas of concern: however the use of natural gas as
a motor vehicle fuel may exacerbate the greenhouse effect because methane will escape into the
atmosphere during refueling operations and at natural gas storage facilities. It is difficult to predict
the precise magnitude of these methane emissions, but it is known that methane is approximately 20
times more "potent" as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.
The apparent advantage of diesels with respect to greenhouse gas emissions is diminished
somewhat when viewed from a life-cycle perspective. Although diesel engines offer greater fuel
efficiency than natural gas engines, the energy used to extract refine, and transport the fuels differs.
The production of diesel fuel is a more energy intensive process and may entail more greenhouse gas
emissions than natural gas during the production step of the life cycle. One study suggests that from
a life-cycle perspective, the use of natural gas instead of diesel in heavy duty vehicles results in a 5%
to 10% increase in greenhouse gas emissions.
There are competing environmental considerations. On the one hand, use of natural gas eould
lead to fewer emissions of particulates and Nox. Such a conclusion is complicated by the fact natural
gas may increase "ultra-fine'' particulates emissions. On the other hand, diesel engines appear to
have fewer greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide and methane). A quantitative trade off model
is required to determine which of these pollutants creates the greatest harm.
Diesels appear to have a safety advantage over natural gas. Additional analysis and
experience with natural gas could provide a better sense of the relative safety risks. Performance
considerations also appear to favour the diesel engine in heavy duty trucks, though natural gas may
perform acceptability well in less demanding applications.
Economic considerations weigh in favour of the diesel. particularly in the short of the
diesel. particularly in the short run. Substantial capital investments throughout the transportation
system would be required to make natural gas a feasible option for use in heavy duty trucks. Yet the
long run prices of diesel fuel and natural gas are big unknowns, since both are influenced by
unpredictable forces in worldwide energy markets.
Hydrocarbon based automotive fuels in any form like Petrol. Diesel. CNG. LNG or LPG are
the typical contributors of pollutants. Apparently it is thought that CNG is the right answer to this
pollution. Accordingly. Administration of Delhi with its 60 lacs no of vehicles by 2011, have
decided to convert all of the vehicles to CNG driven ones to make Delhi free from vehicular
pollution. Since the life expectancy of these converted systems is 5-6 years, the region may lace
another serious problem of conversion in near future. Same will be the problem to be suffered by
any other state/region of the country going by the same logic. Again the pollutants emanating from
CNG system may be higher than that of the present ones based on hydrocarbon fuels, particularly
owing to Methane gas and NOx emission. Therefore, CNG should not be the very best choice as per
the logic cited above. A suitable catalyst for Petrol & Diesel engines capable to reduce exhaust
pollution would be the better choice in the present scenario.
The natural atmosphere is changing day by day. The rapid growth of Vehicular Pollution has
resulted in significant increase in environmental pollution. It is widely perceived that the problem is
threatening to get at hand. The measures for controlling pollution need to put in place without delay.
The Petro-Diesel Catalyst is an Eco-friendly additive which has perceptively no harmful
effects to the engine. Proper and direct mixing of the catalyst with the input fuel is to be ensurec
regularly whenever new input is there. Better results are achieved after continuous use for 4 to 5
days.
The present concern has been growing among Government about environment & health we
are paying for our reliance on diesel/petrol fueled vehicles. Emission from these vehicles are
polluting our environment and damaging the health of millions. Diesel exhaust irritates lungs and is
a key aggravating factor soaring rats of asthma nationwide especially among children. Similar
observations have also been found in case of Petrol fueled vehicles. However, modern research
shows that there are many promising alternative technologies now under development. One
alternative is the conventional CNG available here and now it is today's best choice.
OBJECT OF INVENTION:
The object of invention is to prepare fuel additive for lowering exhaust pollution. The Petro-
Diesel Catalyst controls the vehicular pollution when it is used in various types of vehicles as an
input in fuel tanks by lowering the 1% sulphur in fuel feedstock to 0.1.%( Diesel oil). It reduces the
smoke generation of the engine by about 50 to 60%. which ensures better oxidative burning of the
fuel. Normally, the smoke is generated by the unburnt fuel and the carbon particles generated due to
insufficient oxidation. Since this catalyst enhances the rate of oxidative burning of the fuel, it
increases the engine power by about 25% which ultimately increases the vehicle mileage by about
10-15%. It reduces heat generation and noise of the engine by about 25%. Higher efficiency and
greater mileage promotes to indirect fuel savings at least up to 15%-20%. which must be considered
as an approach towards the conservation of non renewable energy sources.
The Petro-Diesel Catalyst incorporates an extra energy to the fuel feedstock, thereby
indicates an acceptable energy promoter. It acts as a converter of high sulphur fuel to low sulphur
fuel at ambient temperature just by intra molecular vibration of the catalyst with hydrocarbon fuel.
The benefits of the invention is to save fuel inland minimum 10% of our country as well as
the world, save foreign currency to import fuel for our country as well as the world. & Earning
foreign currency for our country by export.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
The Petro - Diesel Catalyst Additive, comprising of Hydrocarbon, Ricinoleate esters. Amine
esters. Aromatic peroxides and nitrate. Phenolic ethers. They are fully synergistic with other
additives that may be present in the fuel such as flow improver, anti settling additives, detergents etc.
The said Petro-Diesel Additive is fully compatible with other sorts of fuel ingredients like Methanol.
Ethanol. Bio-Diesel etc. To verify this physical and chemical compatibility and to ensure that each
additive maintain its full efficiency after being mixed with others in multi functional formulations or
in fuel itself, several performance tests were carried out. The results showed same efficiency towards
lowering of pollution (50% reduction) and fuel savings (10-15%). as it was compared with those
when the catalyst was mixed with raw Petrol or Diesel. No harmful effects were observed even after
mixing the catalyst with fuels like Methanol, Ethanol and Bio-Diesel.
As the sulphur emission during the combustion is very low, the corrosion of the Piston
Ring is eventually very less and as a result the engine runs freely and gains an extended life.
Vehicles categorized under LMVs. LGVs and HGVs are Scooter, Motorcycle. Autorickshaw.
Private Car, Taxi. Matador, Truck. Trailer. Gas/Oil Tanker. Minibus. Bus. Luxury Bus. Ferry
Launch, Defence Sector, Indian Railway, Ship. Tea Garden Machinery. Factory machineries run by
Petrol. Diesel, Gasoline etc.
According to the invention the efficient fuel additive for lowering exhaust pollution in Petro-Diesel
Catalyst is prepared as follows:-
The Petro-Diesel Catalyst, an Eco-friendly fuel additive comprising of:-
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons of molecular formula (CnH2n-2); n= 8 to 18 — 60 - 80% (v/v)
Ethylene Diamine Dilaurate — 5 - 15% (v/v)
Butyl Ricinoleate — 0.5 -3% (v/v)
Benzoyl Peroxide — 0.3 -3% (v/v)
Cyclohexyl Nitrate — 7-15% (v/v)
Isobutelene Succinimide — 2 - 6% (w'v)
Barium Petroleum Sulphonate — 0.3 - 0.5% (v\v)
5-ethoxy Nonyl Phenol — 0.5- 1 % (v\v)
which is added to fuel oil at at l : 100 ratio.
DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION WITH EXAMPLE:
The Petro-Diesel Catalysts are Fuel Additive Compounds. Primarily, those are the mixtures
of the following ingredients having a definite proportion to form a catalyst mixture which helps in
combustion of selective fuel (Petrol or Diesel) by raising the Cetane/Octane No of Diesel/Petrol
along with lowering of exhaust pollution of Particulate Matter. Carbon Monoxide and Nox, The
amount of these additives of the invention generally are in the range of 10 ppm to 1 weight % of the
fuel but. preferably 30 to 300 ppm.
The invention relates to Petro Diesel Catalyst Additive comprising of:-
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons of molecular formula (CnH2n-2); n= 8 to 18 — 60 - 80% (v\v)
Ethylene Diamine Dilaurate — 5-15% (v/v)
Butyl Ricinoleate — 0.5 -3% (v/v)
Benzoyl Peroxide — 0.3 - 3% (v/v)
Cyclohexyl Nitrate — 7-15% (v/v)
Isobutelene Succinimide — 2-6%(w/v)
Barium Petroleum Sulphonate — 0.3 - 0.5% (v/v)
5-ethoxy Nonyl Phenol — 0.5-l%(v\v)
The Petro-Diesel Catalysts, are primarily a Desulphurisation cum Oxidation catalyst which
works in two distinct modes under two different reaction conditions.
At ordinary or ambient temperature it functions as a Desulphurisation catalyst when it is
agitated with fuel hydrocarbon in a sealed chamber where availability of Oxygen is less due to the
saturation of the vacant overhead space by the fuel vapour. In agitating condition the catalyst supply
the requisite oxygen to Sulphur or Sulphide compounds present in the fuel to get them oxidized and
in this way the Oxidized Sulphur (mainly SO2 trace of SO; gases) molecules mix with the volatile
fuel vapours in the fuel chamber and released slowly through the lid of the chamber when internal
vapour pressure is increased by the random motion of the hydrocarbon molecules. Generally it
takes 4 to 5 hours to reach the equilibrium state and this can be achieved even faster by running the
car for 2 to 3 hours, in this way the catalyst prevents the Sulphur compounds to enter the combustion
zone where formation of these Oxidized Sulphur molecules is absolutely undesirable because during
combustion of fuel, water molecules are generated which reacts with these Oxidized Sulphur to form
corrosive compounds like Sulphurous (H2SO3) or Sulphuric (H2SO4) acids. Since formation of such
deleterious compounds is prevented in the combustion chamber, the engine corrosion and generation
of exhaust pollutants are substantially reduced.
At high temperature it functions as the Oxidation catalyst and helps in burning off the
unburnt fuel that remains in the piston cylinder during each stroke. Moreover, since this catalyst
has an ability to supply more Oxygen at elevated temperature, the shortfall of oxygen in the pre-
tuned air/fuel ratio of the engine is replenished in the combustion chamber. Thus the formation of
CO (Carbon Monoxide) is much reduced by the reaction 2CO + O2 - 2CO2 In this way the CO
pollution made by the vehicle exhaust is lowered up to a great extent.
The reactions show clearly howr this catalyst enhances the overall combustibility of the fuel
which, as a result raises the Cetane/Octane No of Diesel/Petrol respectively.
In fuel, the principal component Sulphur is the matter of concern and Oxygen is the related
component choice. The principal component must have to be isolated from other Hydrocarbon
molecules to reduce acidity activities in the combustion chamber. The present invention relates to
the in-situ formation of Desulphurisation Catalyst at anaerobic conditions.
The said catalyst has an enhanced activity towards Hydrocarbon Oil or Fossil Fuel
where presence of Sulphur. Nitrogen and Oxygen are most evident. The in situ formation of the
active phase of the catalyst induces better resistance to catalyst poisoning caused by the Sulphur.
Nitrogen and Oxygen in the component media.
Dual activities at variant reaction conditions cause maximum conversion of heat into
work following normal thermodynamic functions of the heat engine. The friction coefficient ot the
piston cylinder reduces up to a great extent due to the minimized corrosion or abrasive wear of the
piston with the cylinder walls as because the formation of corrosive compounds within the
combustion chamber is very less. As a result, the engine does not gain extra heat and it runs
smoothly for quite a long time. During the travel of the car. the engine temperature normally exists
in the range from 50°C to 70 "C. which ensures much longer life of the vehicle engine.

Usage of this catalyst produces exhaust pollutants that are of much lower value as compared
to those running without this catalyst additive. Percentage of reduction of CO(Carbon-Mono-Oxide)
and CO2(Carbon-Di-Oxide) in Petrol driven vehicle was 82% and 21% respectively. This reduction
was achieved after using the Petro-Diesel Catalyst after a run of only 226 Km. For Diesel driven
vehicle percentage reduction of K_Avg & HSU was 56%) & 52.5%) only after 3 days and 84% &
74% after 60 days respectively. In both the cases, daily average run of a commercial passenger car
have been considered. In such a manner longer use ascertains much lower environmental pollution,
which is the most important feature of these Petro-Diesel Catalyst.
Higher efficiency and greater mileage promotes to indirect fuel savings at least 15%-20%.
which must be considered as an approach towards the conservation of non renewable energy
sources.
They are fully synergistic with other additives that may be present in the fuel such as flow
improver, anti settling additives, detergents etc. The said Petro-Diesel Additive is fully compatible
with other sorts of fuel ingredients like Methanol. Ethanol, Bio-Diesel etc. To verify this physical
and chemical compatibility and to ensure whether each additive maintain its full efficiency after
being mixed with others in multi functional formulations or in the fuel itself, several performance
tests were carried out. The results of catalyst admixture showed same efficiency towards lowering of
pollution (50% reduction) and fuel savings (10-15%). when it was compared with normal or
premium quality Petrol and Diesel. No harmful effects were observed even after mixing the catalyst
with fuels like Normal & Premium quality Petrol/Diesel. Methanol, Ethanol. Bio-Diesel etc.
The Petro-Diesel Catalyst is an Eco-friendly additive which has no harmful effects to the
engine. Proper and direct mixing of the catalyst with the input fuel is to be ensured regularly
whenever new input is there. Better results are achieved after continuous use for 4 to 5 days.
These additives have good physical and chemical stability alone or after incorporation in
multi functional formulation. They are fully synergistic with other additives that may be present in
the fuel such as flow improver, anti settling additives, detergents etc.
The antistatic property of these additives are also very profound. They exhibit synergistic
properties when admixed with fuel oils.
These compounds are capable of improving the antiwear and lubricity properties of low
sulfur fuel especially diesel fuels when compared with performance of the same fuel in absence of
such compounds. The antiwear and lubricity performance of the fuel compositions are measured
using high frequency reciprocating rig test (HFRR). Both friction and contact resistance are
monitored throughout the test. 8
The rust inhibiting performance of additive of the present invention was studied by
ASTMD-665A test method. In this method. 300ml of test fiiel containing the additive and 30ml of
distilled water are stirred at 80 "C in presence of cylindrical steel specimen for 3 hours and rusting
on the specimen is rated. There was no rust formation on the test specimen.
The compound (Petro-Diesel Catalyst) branded as 'NU WORLD' are fuel additives to be used
with Petrol or Diesel in a definite ratio for automobile or other types of Internal Combustion
Engines. The catalytic activity of this catalyst enhances the reduction of Sulphur content of the fuel
feedstock with improvement of combustibility of the fuel to a great extent. It reduces the level of
Carbon Mono Oxide. Oxidized Sulphur. NOx and Particulate Matter in the automobile exhaust. The
engine temperature also remains quite low as compared to traditional fuel without this additive. As
the sulphur emission during the combustion is very low. the corrosion of the Piston Ring is
eventually very less and as a result the engine runs freely and gains an extended life. A
comprehensive application study carried on numerous Light Motor Vehicles(LMV), Heavy Goods
Vehicles(HGV) Light Goods Vehicles (LGV) indicated that use of the finished product (Petro-
Diesel Catalyst) results the following observations:
It reduced smoke generation by about 50% - 60%.
It increased the engine power by 25%.
It save 10-15% fuel of any machinery run by petrol and diesel.
It reduced heat generation and noise of the engine around 25%.
It did not cause any harm to the engines. All the engines became smoother after consecutive use
for 4 to 5 days.
It is compatible with any kind of normal or premium quality fueKDiesel & Petrol).
It helps to conserve non renewable energy sources.
The adding ratio (Catalyst : Fuel) followed for all the vehicle application study was as follows:
40 ml : 100 liter for LMVs. LGVs and HGVs ranging from 9 MT to 25 MT capacity.
Vehicles categorized under LMVs, LGVs and HGVs are Scooter. Motorcycle. Auto
rickshaw. Private Car, Taxi, Matador, Truck, Trailer, Gas/Oil Tanker, Minibus. Bus, Luxury bus.
Ferry Launch. Defence Sector, Indian Railway, Ship, Tea Garden Machinery, Factory machineries
run by Petrol, Diesel. Gasoline etc.
The said (Petro-Diesel Catalyst) branded as 'NU WORLD' can be used in any type of Petrol.
Diesel or Gasoline Engine. They are fully synergistic with other additives that may be present in the
fuel such as flow improver, anti settling additives, detergents etc. 9
The said Petro-Diesel Additive is fully compatible with other sorts of fuel ingredients like
Methanol. Ethanol, Bio-Diesel etc. To verify this physical and chemical compatibility and to ensure
whether each additive maintain its full efficiency after being mixed with others in multi functional
formulations or in the fuel itself, several performance tests were carried out. The results of catalyst
admixture showed same efficiency towards lowering of pollution (50% reduction) and fuel savings
(10-15%). when it was compared with normal or premium quality Petrol and Diesel. No harmful
effects were observed even after mixing the catalyst with fuels like Normal & Premium quality
Petrol/Diesel. Methanol, Ethanol, Bio-Diesel etc.
WE CLAIM
1. A Petro-Diesel Catalyst, an Fco-friendly fuel additive comprising of:-
Aliphatie Hydrocarbons of molecular formula (CnH2n-2): n= 8 to 18 — 60 - 80% (v/v)
l.thxlene Diamine Dilaurate — 5 - 15% (v/v)
Butyl Ricinoleate — 0.5 - 3%(v/v)
Benzoyl Peroxide — 0.3 - 3% (v/v)
Cyclohexyl Nitrate — 7 - 15% (v/v)
Isohutelene Succinimide — 2-6% (v/v)
Barium Petroleum Sulphonate — 0.3 - 0.5% (v/v)
5-ethoxy Nonyl Phenol — 0.5-l%(v/v)
which is added to fuel oil at a predetermined ratio.
2. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1 wherein the additive composition and fuel oil is mixed at 1 : 100
ratio.
3. A catalyst as claimed in preceding claims such as herein described.

The invention relates to Petro - Diesel Catalyst Additive, an Eco-friendly fuel additive comprising of:-
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons of molecular formula (CnH2n-2); n= 8 to 18 — 60 - 80% (v/v)
Ethylene Diamine Dilaurate — 5 - 15% (v/v)
Butyl Ricinoleate — 0.5 - 3% (v/v)
Benzoyl Peroxide — 0.3 - 3% (v/v)
Cyclohexylnitrate — 7-15% (v/v)
Isobutelene Succinimide — 2 - 6% (v/v)
Barium Petroleum Sulphonate — 0.3 - 0.5% (v/v)
5-ethoxy Nonyl Phenol — 0.5-1% (v/v)
which is added to fuel oil at at 1 : 100 ratio.
This composition enhances thermal efficiency of Internal Combustion engines with profound effect in lowering the exhaust pollution. Higher efficiency of the combustion engine promotes to fuel savings, leading to conservation of non-renewable energy sources. The finished catalytic additive product shows synergistic effect with any kind of liquid fuel.

Documents:

249-KOL-2003-(27-01-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

249-KOL-2003-(27-01-2012)-FORM 16.pdf

249-KOL-2003-(27-01-2012)-OTHERS.pdf

249-KOL-2003-CORRESPONDENCE 1.1.pdf

249-KOL-2003-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

249-KOL-2003-FORM-15.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-abstract.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-assignment.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-claims.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-correspondence.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-description (complete).pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-examination report.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-form 1.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-form 18.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-form 2.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-form 6.pdf

249-kol-2003-granted-specification.pdf

249-KOL-2003-OTHERS.pdf


Patent Number 235992
Indian Patent Application Number 249/KOL/2003
PG Journal Number 37/2009
Publication Date 11-Sep-2009
Grant Date 10-Sep-2009
Date of Filing 01-May-2003
Name of Patentee NISHANTA EXPORT PVT. LTD.
Applicant Address TOBACCO HOUSE 1 & 2, OLD COURT HOUSE CORNER 4TH, FLOOR, KOLKATA
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 LATE SATYABRATA TAPADAR B/18, SATINDRA PALLY KOLKATA-700084
2 LATE SATYABRATA TAPADAR B/18, SATINDRA PALLY KOLKATA-700084
PCT International Classification Number F01N 3/10
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA