Title of Invention

A PROCESS FOR MAKING AN ZNS:CU ELECTROLUMINESCENT PHOSPHOR

Abstract 1. A process for making an ZnS:Cu electroluminescent phosphor having a given emission spectra A that has a CIE y value between 0.230 and about 0.200, comprising the steps of: manufacturing a beginning electroluminescent phosphor having an emission spectra B that has a CIE y value of about 0.250, applying a coating to said phosphor having said emission spectra B to change the emission spectra of said phosphor to emission spectra A, said application of said coating including the steps of reacting trimethylaluminum with a mixture of oxygen and ozone.
Full Text FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT 1970
[39 OF 1970]
&
The Patents Rule, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
[See Section 10 and Rule 13]
"A PROCESS FOR MAKING AN ZnS:Cu ELECTROLUMINESCENT PHOSPHOR"
OSRAM SYLVANIA, INC., a US company of 100 Endicott Street, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923, United States of America,

The following specification particularly describes the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:-


5 TECHNICAL FIELD
S This application relates to a process for producing an electroluminescent phosphor, and more
7 particularly, to a process that produces an electroluminescent phosphor with a desired
} emission spectra.
?
]) RACKGROUND ART
11 Electroluminescent (hereinafter EL) phosphors are used for backlighting in LCD's, in
1 2 copying machines, for backlighting membrane switches, for automotive dashboard and
13 control switch illumination, for automotive exterior body lighting, for aircraft style
1 \ information panels, for aircraft information lighting, and for emergency egress lighting. U.S.
15 Pat. Nos. 3,014,873; 3,076,767; 4,859,361; 5,009,808 and 5,110,499 relate to methods for
16 producing EL phosphors. Since EL phosphors are sensitive to moisture it is not uncommon
17 for the phosphors to be coated with a moisture-resistant coating of a metal oxide such as
18 alumina. Such coating processes have involved reacting the phosphor, via a chemical vapor
19 deposition process, with a coating agent such as, for example, trimethylalurninum and water
2 0 vapor. An example of such a coated phosphor is shown as Sample Number CJ564 in TABLE
21 I and as CJ30 in TABLE II. The phosphor coating, in the first instance, contains 4.4 weight
22 percent (hereinafter wgt. %) aluminum, has a Y color coordinate of 0.199 on the CLE.
23 Chomaticity Diagram (X value, 0.158) and a half-life of 195 hours and, in the second
24 instance, 4.0 wgt.% aluminum, a Y value of 0.203 and a half-life of 256 hours. As used
2 5 herein the half-life refers to that period of time when the brightness of the phosphor decreases
26 to lA of its brightness at 24 hours.
27
28 A different coating process having many advantages over the TMA/water process comprises
2 9 reacting a coating agent such as TMA with an oxygen-ozone mixture. This latter process is
3 0 water-free; however, in some instances this process produces undesired emission changes in 31 the phosphor. Even though such phosphors have achieved some commercial success in areas 3 2 where, for example, brightness might be more desirable than a particular emission spectra.

\ it would be an advance in the art to provide a process for achieving a desired emission spectra in a phosphor having a moisture-sensitizing coating applied by an oxygen-ozone process.
4 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to obviate the disadvantages of the prior art.
It is another object of the present invention to produce electroluminescent phosphors having a commercially desirable emission spectra with very long life and high brightness.
ib
This invention achieves these and other objectives, in one aspect of the invention, by
1J2 providing a process for making an electroluminescent phosphor having a given emission
13 spectra A, which comprises the steps of manufacturing a beginning electroluminescent
14 phosphor having an emission spectra B, different than A. This beginning phosphor has
15 applied thereto a coating to increase the resistance of the beginning phosphor to the
16 deleterious effects of moisture while simultaneously changing the emission spectra of the
17 beginning phosphor from B to emission spectra A. The process is water-free and comprises
18 reacting a coating agent with a coating precursor and a mixture of oxygen and ozone. 19
10 Utilization of this method not only provides a phosphor with a desired emission and moisture ; 1 protection, but. surprisingly, greatly increases the life.
:2
3 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
4
5 For a better under understanding of the present invention, together with other and further
6 objectives, advantages and capabilities thereof, reference is made to the following disclosure
7 and appended claims.
8
9 This invention provides a process for producing an electroluminescent phosphor that has a commercially desirable emission spectra, moisture protection, long life and high brightness. The invention is especially suited for zinc sulfide, copper activated phosphors or other zinc sulfide phosphors where copper is a co-activator, for example, with chlorine.
~ ~^^ ~

\ Referring now to TABLE I, in addition to the previously mentioned prior art phosphor coated
: by a TMAAvater process (Sample Number CJ 564), there are shown control phosphors
'. i commercially available phosphors (all having essentially the same composition but coming
(i from different lots) having desired color emission with an X coordinate of about 0.160 and
' a Y coordinate of about 0.200, which provides a blue-green emission. The small variances
: I shown by the color coordinates are well within commercial tolerance specifications.
!>
li) However, when these materials are coated by the aforementioned oxygen/ozone process a
I decided color-shift takes place which is represented by a noticeable change in the Y l: I coordinate. These materials are designated, in TABLE I, by Sample Numbers TH54, which
II is a coated version of ELB849; THl 11, a coated version of ELB875; and TH53 and TH36, 1 r which are coated versions of ELB826 differing only in the amount of the coating. Even 1 i though the coated materials have increased life and improved brightness, the color-shift 15 makes them unacceptable to many customers.
\J TABLE I

Sinafc ■»!>« AL Efliiuiap Color Ullfrt Output (FOM LMnbcmt Lire Hn W V, 24 Hn Efficacy
bn/waii



X V lHr 24 Hr. UUHr.


ELB849 813 NA 0.160 0.203 13.6 10.0 6.2 142 __
TH54 NE600 3.9 0.IS6 0.169 9.2 7.9 6.7 288 3.2
ELBS75 83 NA 0.161 0.213 16.1 12.1 7.9 — ' —
TH1II TNE600 2.6 0.158 0.178 12.0 10.2 7.4 157 2.6
ELB826 813 NA 0.159 0.202 16.2 12.2 7.8 141 1.9
TH53 TNE600 2.7 0.157 0.177 11.0 9.2 6.9 213 3.3
TH36 NE600 3.9 0.157 0.175 8.5 8.0 6.3 288 3.6
CJ564 60 4.4 0.158 0.199 10.8 9.1 6.6 195 3.4
1 ? Accordingly, this problem has been solved by a process for making an electroluminescent
-H-
rtrTT> MfTlTlT>TTf¥1Tl flTTl.1 l.l^r* iTTfcXTT YX ^ X"
JUQ4ttt6SS9

P€T/U300/312Hr>



5
n
13 14 15 16

phosphor having a given emission spectra A, which comprises First, manufacturing a beginning electroluminescent phosphor having an emission spectra B, different than A. This beginning phosphor has applied thereto a coating to increase the resistance of the beginning phosphor to the deleterious effects of moisture while simultaneously changing the emission spectra of the beginning phosphor from B to emission spectra A. The process is water-free and comprises reacting a coating agent with a coating precursor and a mixture of oxygen and ozone.
In particular, a beginning ZnS:Cu phosphor was prepared by increasing the normal amount of copper contained therein, from 0.032 wgt.% to 0.039 wgt.% (as determined by atomic absorption analysis). This is a significant increase and raised the Y coordinate to about 0.250 while leaving the X coordinate substantially unaffected.
Generally, the phosphor composition of this invention was prepared from materials as follows:



7 8 9
;:0 ::l :»2 ;>3


Material Test Batch
ZnS(unactivatedS-lO) 25 lbs
CuS04 (anhydrous) 11.3 g
BaCl2 341 g
MgCl, (dried) 341 g
NaCl 227 g
Sulfur (sublimed) 2 lbs
ZnO (K-25) 56.5 g
The beginning phosphor was produced from the above-cited materials by the standard method of heating the zinc sulfide in a furnace to an elevated temperature in the presence of the copper activator and halide fluxes to achieve an electroluminescent phosphor, cooling the phosphor to ambient temperature and washing the phosphor to remove the flux. The resulting ZnS:Cu phosphor was then dried. Phosphors created by this method are generally known. One such phosphor, having 0.032 wgt.% copper, is a Type 813 electroluminescent
-5"

*-*f wh rtrtxwTf -mnT*i nTTnmTi

•PCT/USOO/JUH; "

phosphor (ZnS:Cu) available from Osram Sylvania, Inc., Towanda, PA.

13
12 13 14
16

The phosphor was coated by the method disclosed in co-pending patent application Serial No. 09/585,221, the teachings of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In particular, two 3.5 kg samples of modified Type 813 (i:e., a phosphor having an increased amount of copper), Lot ELB478-50, (see TABLE II) were treated with trimethylaluminum and oxygen/ozone in a 2" diameter fluid bed at 180°C with variation in the amount of aluminum deposited. During the coating treatment of run TH92, 50 g of a thin-coated sample were collected from the fluid bed reactor and labeled as TH92A. Also, a standard Type 60 production lot (CJ30) which is a Type 813 phosphor treated with TMA/R,0 coating process is included in TABLE II for comparison. While the flow rates of nitrogen through the TMA container were maintained at 0.75 1/minute, rates of nitrogen flow at the bottom of the reactor were kept at a total of 3.75 1/minute. Also, the oxygen/ozone gas mixture was transported into the reaction vessel at a flow rate of 4.6 1/minute. The resulting data on the coated phosphors are shown in TABLE II.
TABLE II



7 8 9
:o


Sample Number Type Al EfMuion Color Light Output (Foot Lsmbcrtsl Life Hnlo W24 Hn Efliacy
im/witt



X Y 2Hr 34 Hr lOOHr.


ELB47«-30 in
Modified NA 0 161 0.254 19.1 190 15.3 497 1.17
TH92A WNE600 2.0 0.165 0.224 I4 TH92 TNE600 2.1 0.166 0.225 12 4 12.1 111 S04 2.61
TH93 NEMO 4 1 0.164 0.21! 10} I0.I 102 -1295 2.79
CJ30 Sundird 60 4.0 0.161 0.203 12 J 10.7 7.9 256 3.20
As can bee seen from Table II, the lamp results indicated that the new WNE/TNE/NE600 products made from the modified Type 813 phosphor have significantly better brightness and tremendously longer life than those of current products. For example, the initial brightness at 24 hours of TH92A (WNE600) lamp was measured at 15 foot lamberts, which is 40% greater than that obtained with the standard CJ30 lot that was prepared by the TMA/H20 -pT0xn^7-i*dsc^h^halfMives-ef^he^^

-G-

hours with the standard lot CJ30 versus 663 hours with Lot TH92A. As usual, the greater the amount of aluminum deposit, i.e. the greater the coating thickness, the longer the half-life. Most impressively, and surprisingly, the half-life of TH93 (NE600) with a coating weight of 4.1 % aluminum, was estimated at 1295 hours which is about five times the 256 hours of the standard DJ30 lot.
Thus there is provided a process for producing an electroluminescent phosphor with an increased efficiency, great life expectancy and desirable emission spectrum.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the
ljj invention as defined by the appended claims.
H

WE CLAIM:-
-8-
1. A process for making an ZnS:Cu electroluminescent phosphor having a given emission spectra A that has a CIE y value between 0.230 and about 0.200, comprising the steps of: manufacturing a beginning electroluminescent phosphor having an emission spectra B that has a CIE y value of about 0.250, applying a coating to said phosphor having said emission spectra B to change the emission spectra of said phosphor to emission spectra A, said application of said coating including the steps of reacting trimethylaluminum with a mixture of oxygen and ozone.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the emission spectra A and the emission spectra B have a CIE x value of about 0.160.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the phosphor contains from 0.032% to 0.039% copper by weight.


Documents:

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-cancelled pages(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-claims(grantede)(18-07-2005).doc

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-claims(grantede)(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-correspondence(06-08-2007).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-correspondence(ipo)-(27-02-2009).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 13(06-08-2007).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 13(14-11-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 19(24-09-2004).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 1a(06-08-2007).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 1a(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 2(granted)-(18-07-2005).doc

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 2(granted)-(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 3(17-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 3(27-12-2001).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form 5(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-form-pct-ipea-409(27-12-2001).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-petition under rule 137(18-07-2005).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-power of authority(12-03-2002).pdf

in-pct-2001-01654-mum-power of authority(18-07-2005).pdf


Patent Number 230771
Indian Patent Application Number IN/PCT/2001/01654/MUM
PG Journal Number 13/2009
Publication Date 27-Mar-2009
Grant Date 27-Feb-2009
Date of Filing 27-Dec-2001
Name of Patentee OSRAM SYLVANIA, INC.
Applicant Address 100 ENDICOTT STREET, DANVERS, MASSACHUSETTS 01923, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 KENNETH T. REILLY R.D. #1, BOX 86, TOWANDA, PENNSYLVANIA 18848, USA.
2 RICHARD G.W. GINGERICH 201 YORK AVENUE, TOWANDA, PENNSYLVANIA 18848, USA.
3 DALE E. BENJAMIN R.D. #2, BOX 230, ATHENS, PENNSYLVANIA 18810, USA.
4 CHEN WEN FAN 214 SHARON AVENUE, SAYRE, PENNSYLVANIA 18840, USA.
PCT International Classification Number B05D 5/06, 5/00
PCT International Application Number PCT/US00/31216
PCT International Filing date 2000-11-15
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/166,619 1999-11-19 U.S.A.