Title of Invention

BENZAZOLE COMPOUNDS

Abstract New substituted benz-azole compounds of formula (I), compositions and methods of inhibition of Raf kinase activity in a human or animal subject are provided. The new compounds compositions may be used either alone or in combination with at least one additional agent for the treatment of a Raf kinase mediated disorder, such as cancer.
Full Text FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to new substituted benz-azole-like compounds and
pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or prodrugs thereof, compositions of the new
compounds together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, and uses of the new
compounds, either alone or in combination with at least one additional therapeutic agent,
in the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The Raf serine/threonine kinases are essential components of the Ras/Mitogen-
Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling module that controls a complex
transcriptional program in response to external cellular stimuli. Raf genes code for highly
conserved serine-threonine-specific protein kinases which are known to bind to the ras
oncogene. They are part of a signal transduction pathway believed to consist of receptor
tyrosine kinases, p21 ras, Raf protein kinases, Mek1 (ERK activator or MAPKK) kinases
and ERK (MAPK) kinases, which ultimately phosphorylate transcription factors. In this
pathway Raf kinases are activated by Ras and phosphorylate and activate two isoforms of
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase (called Mekl and Mek2), that are dual
specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases. Both Mek isoforms activate Mitogen Activated
Kinases 1 and 2 (MAPK, also called Extracellular Ligand Regulated Kinase 1 and 2 or
Erkl and Erk2). The MAPKs phosphorylate many substrates including transcription
factors and in so doing set up their transcriptional program. Raf kinase participation in
the Ras/MAPK pathway influences and regulates many cellular functions such as
proliferation, differentiation, survival, oncogenic transformation and apoptosis.
Both the essential role and the position of Raf in many signaling pathways have
been demonstrated from studies using deregulated and dominant inhibitory Raf mutants
in mammalian cells as well as from studies employing biochemical and genetic
techniques model organisms. In many cases, the activation of Raf by receptors that
stimulate cellular tyrosine phosphorylation is dependent on the activity of Ras, indicating
that Ras functions upstream of Raf. Upon activation, Raf-1 then phosphorylates and
activates Mekl, resulting in the propagation of the signal to downstream effectors, such
as MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) (Crews et al. (1993) Cell 74:215). The Raf
serine/threonine kinases are considered to be the primary Ras effectors involved in the
proliferation of animal cells (Avruch et al. (1994) Trends Biochem. Sci. 19:279).
Raf kinase has three distinct isoforms, Raf-1 (c-Raf), A-Raf, and B-Raf,
distinguished by their ability to interact with Ras, to activate MAPK kinase pathway,
tissue distribution and sub-cellular localization (Marias et. Al., Biochem. J. 351: 289-305,
2000; Weber et. al., Oncogene 19:169-176, 2000; Pritchard et. al., Mol. Cell. Biol.
15:6430-6442, 1995). Raf kinases are activated by Ras and phosphorylate and activate
two isoforms of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase (called Mekl and Mek2) that
are dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases. Both Mek isoforms activate Mitogen
Activated Kinases 1 and 2 (MAPK, also called Extracellular Ligand Regulated Kinase 1
and 2 or Erkl and Erk2). The MAPKs phosphorylate many substrates including cytosolic
proteins and ETS family of transcription factors. Raf kinase participation in the
Ras/MAPK pathway influences and regulates many cellular functions such as
proliferation, differentiationi survival, cell cycle progression and apoptosis.
Activating mutation of one of the Ras genes can be seen in ~20% of all tumors
and the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is activated in ~30% of all tumors (Bos et. al., Cancer
Res. 49:4682-4689, 1989) (Hoshino et al., Oncogene 18:813-822, 1999). Recent studies
have shown that B-Raf mutation in the skin nevi is a critical step in the initiation of
melanocytic neoplasia (Pollock et. al.., Nature Genetics 25: 1-2, 2002). Furthermore,
most recent studies have emerged that activating mutation in the kinase domain of B-Raf
occurs in ~66% of melanomas, 12% of colon carcinoma and 14% of liver cancer (Davies
et. al., Nature 417:949-954, 2002) (Yuen et. al., Cancer Research 62:6451-6455, 2002)
(Brose et. al., Cancer Research 62:6997-7000, 2002).
Inhibitors of Raf/MEK/ERK pathway at the level of Raf kinases can potentially be
effective as therapeutic agents against tumors with over-expressed or mutated receptor
tyrosine kinases, activated intracellular tyrosine kinases, tumors with aberrantly
expressed Grb2 (an adapter protein that allows stimulation of Ras by the Sos exchange
factor) as well as tumors harboring activating mutations of Raf itself. In the early clinical
trails inhibitor of Raf-1 kinase that also inhibit B-Raf have shown promise as therapeutic
agents in cancer therapy (Crump, Current Pharmaceutical Design 8: 2243-2248, 2002;
Sebastien et. al., Current Pharmaceutical Design 8: 2249-2253, 2002).
Disruption of Raf expression in cell lines through the application of RNA
antisense technology has been shown to suppress both Ras and Raf-mediated
tumorigenicity (Kolch et al., Nature 349:416-428, 1991; Monia et al., Nature Medicine
2(6):668-675, 1996).
Several Raf kinase inhibitors have been described as exhibiting efficacy in
inhibiting tumor cell proliferation in vitro and/or in vivo assays (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos.
6,391,636, 6,358,932, 6,037,136, 5,717,100, 6,458,813, 6,204,467, and 6,268,391). Other
patents and patent applications suggest the use of Raf kinase inhibitors for treating
leukemia (see, e.g., U.S. Patent Nos. 6,268,391, and 6,204,467, and published U.S. Patent
Application Nos. 20020137774; 20020082192; 20010016194; and 20010006975), or for
treating breast cancer (see, e.g., U.S. Patent Nos. 6,358,932, 5,717,100, 6,458,813,
6,268,391, and 6,204,467, and published U.S. Patent Application No. 20010014679).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
New substituted benz-azole compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts
thereof or esters having a solubility enhancing moieties or prodrugs thereof are provided
of the formula (I):

wherein, X1 and X2 are independently selected from =N-, -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
provided that if X1 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-, then X2 is =N-, or if X2 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
then X2 is =N-, and both X1 and X2 are not =N-;
Y is O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl,
polycyclic aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl,
heteroarylheteroaryl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl,
biarylalkyl, or heteroarylarylalkyl;
A2 is substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R1 is O or H, and R2 is NR5 R5 or hydroxyl; or R1 is taken together with R2 to
form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the
dashed line represents a single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino or alkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (II):

wherein and Y, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (III):

wherein X1, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (IV):

wherein X1, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.
In yet other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of
the formula (V):

wherein X1, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.'
In other aspects, the present invention provides methods for treating Raf related
disorders in a human or animal subject in need of such treatment comprising
administering to said subject an amount of a compound of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or
(V) effective to reduce or prevent tumor growth in the subject.
In yet other aspects, the present invention provides methods for treating Raf
related disorders in a human or animal subject in need of such treatment comprising
administering to said subject an amount of a compound of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or
(V) effective to reduce or prevent tumor growth in the subject in combination with at
least one additional agent for the treatment of cancer.
In yet other aspects, the present invention provides therapeutic compositions
comprising at least one compound of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V) in combination
with one or more additional agents for the treatment of cancer, as are commonly
employed in cancer therapy.
The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of cancers, including
carcinomas (e.g., of the lungs, pancreas, thyroid, bladder or colon), myeloid disorders
(e.g., myeloid leukemia) and adenomas (e.g., villous colon adenoma).
The invention further provides compositions, methods of use, and methods of
manufacture as described in the detailed description of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, new substituted benz-azole
compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters or prodrugs thereof are provided
of the formula (I):

wherein, X1 and X2 are independently selected from =N-, -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
provided that if X1 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-, then X2 is =N-, or if X2 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
then X2 is =N-, and both X1 and X2 are not =N-;Y is O or S;
Y is O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl,
polycyclic aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl,
heteroarylheteroaryl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl,
biarylalkyl, or heteroarylarylalkyl;
A2 is substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R1 is O or H, and R2 is NR5 R6 or hydroxyl; or R1 is taken together with R2 to
form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the
dashed line represents a single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino or alkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (II):
wherein and Y, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (III):

wherein X1, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.
In other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of the
formula (IV):

wherein X1, Ar1, Ar2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.
In yet other embodiments, new substituted benz-azole compounds are provided of
the formula (V):

wherein X1, Ar1, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above; and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, tautomers and prodrugs thereof.
In another aspect, the present invention provides methods of treating human or
animal subjects suffering from a Raf related disorder, such as cancer. Thus, the present
invention provides methods of treating a human or animal subject in need of such
treatment comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a
compound of formula I, II, III, IV or V above, either alone or in combination with other
anti cancer agents.
In other aspects, the present invention provides methods for treating Raf related
disorders in a human or animal subject in need of such treatment comprising
administering to said subject an amount of a compound of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or
(V) effective to reduce or prevent tumor growth in the subject.
In yet other aspects, the present invention provides methods for treating Raf
related disorders in a human or animal subject in need of such treatment comprising
administering to said subject an amount of a compound of formula (I), (II), (IE), (IV) or
(V) effective to reduce or prevent tumor growth in the subject in combination with at
least one additional agent for the treatment of cancer. A number of suitable anticancer
agents to be used as combination therapeutics are contemplated for use in the methods of
the present invention. Indeed, the present invention contemplates, but is not limited to,
administration of numerous anticancer agents such as: agents that induce apoptosis;
polynucleotides (e.g., ribozymes); polypeptides (e.g., enzymes); drugs; biological
mimetics; alkaloids; alkylating agents; antitumor antibiotics; antimetabolites; hormones;
platinum compounds; monoclonal antibodies conjugated with anticancer drugs, toxins,
and/or radionuclides; biological response modifiers (e.g. interferons [e.g. IFN-a, etc.] and
interleukins [e.g. IL-2, etc.], etc.); adoptive immunotherapy agents; hematopoietic growth
factors; agents that induce tumor cell differentiation (e.g. all-trans-retinoic acid, etc.);
gene therapy reagents; antisense therapy reagents and nucleotides; tumor vaccines;
inhibitors of angiogenesis, and the like. Numerous other examples of chemotherapeutic
compounds and anticancer therapies suitable for coadministration with the disclosed
compounds of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V) are known to those skilled in the art
In preferred embodiments, anticancer agents to be used in combination with
compounds of the present invention comprise agents that induce or stimulate apoptosis.
Agents that induce apoptosis include, but are not limited to, radiation (e.g., W); kinase
inhibitors (e.g., Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor [EGFR] kinase inhibitor, Vascular
Growth Factor Receptor [VGFR] kinase inhibitor, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor
[FGFR] kinase inhibitor, Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor [PGFR] I kinase
inhibitor, and Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors such as STI-571, Gleevec, and Glivec]); antisense
molecules; antibodies [e.g., Herceptin and Rituxan]; anti-estrogens [e.g., raloxifene and
tamoxifen]; anti-androgens [e.g., flutamide, bicalutamide, finasteride, amino-
glutethamide, ketoconazole, and corticosteroids]; cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors
[e.g., Celecoxib, meloxicam, NS-398, and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs)]; and cancer chemotherapeutic drugs [e.g., irinotecan (Camptosar), CPT-11,
fludarabine (Fludara), dacarbazine (DTIC), dexarnethasone, mitoxantrone, Mylotarg, VP-
16, cisplatinum, 5-FU, Doxrubicin, Taxotere or taxol]; cellular signaling molecules;
ceramides and cytokines; and staurosprine, and the like.
In other aspects, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions
comprising at least one compound of formula I, II, III, IV or V together with a
pharmaceutically acceptable carrier suitable for administration to a human or animal
subject, either alone or together with other anticancer agents.
In other aspects, the present invention provides methods of manufacture of
compounds of formula I, II, III, IV or V as described herein.
In yet other aspects, the present invention provides compounds which are
inhibitors of the enzyme raf kinase. Since the enzyme is a downstream effector of p21ras,
the instant inhibitors are useful in pharmaceutical compositions for human or veterinary
use where inhibition of the raf kinase pathway is indicated, e.g., in the treatment of
tumors and/or cancerous cell growth mediated by raf kinase. In particular, the
compounds are useful in the treatment of human or animal, e.g., murine cancer, since the
progression of these cancers is dependent upon the ras protein signal transduction cascade
and therefore is susceptible to treatment by interruption of the cascade by inhibiting raf
kinase activity. Accordingly, the compounds of the invention are useful in treating solid
cancers, such as, for example, carcinomas (e.g., of the lungs, pancreas, thyroid, bladder or
colon, myeloid disorders (e.g., myeloid leukemia) or adenomas (e.g., villous colon
adenoma).
"Raf inhibitor" is used herein to refer to a compound that exhibits an IC50 with
respect to Raf Kinase activity of no more than about 100 µM and more typically not more
than about 50 uM, as measured in the Raf/Mek Filtration Assay described generally
hereinbelow. Preferred isoforms of Raf Kinase in which the compounds of the present
invention will be shown to inhibit, include A-Raf, B-Raf, and C-Raf (Raf-1). "IC50" is
that concentration of inhibitor which reduces the activity of an enzyme (e.g., Raf kinase)
to half-maximal level. Representative compounds of the present invention have been
discovered to exhibit inhibitory activity against Raf. Compounds of the present invention
preferably exhibit an IC50 with respect to Raf of no more than about 10 µM, more
preferably, no more than about 5 uM, even more preferably not more than about 1 µM,
and most preferably, not more than about 200 nM, as measured in the Raf kinase assays
described herein.
As used herein, the term "benz-azoles" includes benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles
and benzoxazoles.
The phrase "alkyl" refers to alkyl groups that do not contain heteroatoms. Thus
the phrase includes straight chain alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl,
pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl,- dodecyl and the like. The phrase also
includes branched chain isomers of straight chain alkyl groups, including but not limited
to, the following which are provided by way of example: -CH(CH3)2,
-CH(CH3)(CH2CH3), -CH(CH2CH3)2, -C(CH3)3, -C(CH2CH3)3, -CH2CH(CH3)2,
-CH2CH(CH3)(CH2CH3), -CH2CH(CH2CH3)2, -CH2C(CH3)3, -CH2C(CH2CH3)3,
-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)(CH2CH3), -CH2CH2CH(CH3)2, -CH2CH2CH(CH3)(CH2CH3),
-CH2CH2CH(CH2CH3)2, -CH2CH2C(CH3)3, -CH2CH2C(CH2CH3)3, -CH(CH3)CH2.
CH(CH3)2, -CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2, -CH(CH2CH3)CH(CH3)CH(CH3)(CH2CH3),
and others. The phrase also includes cyclic alkyl. groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,
cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl and such rings substituted with
straight and branched chain alkyl groups as defined above. Thus the phrase alkyl groups
includes primary alkyl groups, secondary alkyl groups, and tertiary alkyl groups.
Preferred alkyl groups include straight and branched chain alkyl groups and cyclic alkyl
groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
As used herein "loweralkyl" includes both substituted or unsubstituted straight or
branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Representative loweralkyl
groups include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl,
neopentyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl and the like. Loweralkyl groups may be
substituted, such as with halo, hydroxy, amino, nitro and/or cyano groups, and the like.
Representative of halo-substituted and hydroxy-substituted loweralkyl include
chloromethyl, trichloromethyl, chloroethyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like. Other suitable
substituted loweralkyl moieties include, for example, aralkyl, aminoalkyl, aminoaralkyl,
carbonylaminoalkyl, alkylcarbonylaminoalkyl, arylcarbonylaminoalkyl, aralkylcarbonyl-
aminoalkyl, aminoalkoxyalkyl and arylaminoalkyl.
"Loweralkoxy" as used herein refers to RO- wherein R is loweralkyl.
Representative examples of loweralkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, t-butoxy,
trifluoromethoxy and the like.
As used herein, the term "halogen" or "halo" refers to chloro, bromo, fluoro and
iodo groups. "Haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl radical substituted with one or more halogen
atoms. The term "haloloweralkyl" refers to a loweralkyl radical substituted with one or
more halogen atoms. The term "haloalkoxy" refers to an alkoxy radical substituted with
one or more halogen atoms. The term "haloloweralkoxy" refers to a loweralkoxy radical
substituted with one or more halogen atoms.
"Amino" refers herein to the group -NH2. The term "alkylamino" refers herein to
the group -NRR1 where R and R' are each independently selected from hydrogen or a
lower alkyl. The term "arylamino" refers herein to the group -NRR' where R is aryl and
R1 is hydrogen, a lower alkyl, or an aryl. The term "aralkylamino" refers herein to the
group -NRR1 where R is a lower aralkyl and R' is hydrogen, a loweralkyl, an aryl, or a
loweraralkyl.
The term "alkoxyalkyl" refers to the group -alk1-O-alk2 where alk1 is alkyl or
alkenyl, and alk2 is alkyl or alkenyl. The term "loweralkoxyalkyl" refers to an
alkoxyalkyl where alk1 is loweralkyl or loweralkenyl, and alk2 is loweralkyl or
loweralkenyl. The term "aryloxyalkyl" refers to the group -alkyl-O-aryl. The term
"aralkoxyalkyl" refers to the group -alkylenyl-O-aralkyl, where aralkyl is a loweraralkyl.
The term "alkoxyalkylamino" refers herein to the group -NR-(alkoxyalkyl),
where R is typically hydrogen, loweraralkyl, or loweralkyl. The term
"aminoloweralkoxyalkyl" refers herein to an aminoalkoxyalkyl in which the alkoxyalkyl
is a loweralkoxyalkyl.
The term "aminocarbonyl" refers herein to the group -C(0)-NH2 • "Substituted
aminocarbonyl" refers herein to the group -C(O)-NRR' where R is loweralkyl and R1 is
hydrogen or a loweralkyl. The term "arylaminocarbonyr refers herein to the group
-C(O)-NRR' where R is an aryl and R' is hydrogen, loweralkyl or aryl.
"aralkylaminocarbonyl" refers herein to the group -C(O)-NRR' where R is loweraralkyl
and R1 is hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl.
"Aminosulfonyl" refers herein to the group -S(O)2-NH2. "Substituted
aminosulfonyl" refers herein to the group -S(0)2-NRR' where R is loweralkyl and R' is .
hydrogen or a loweralkyl. The term "aralkylaminosulfonlyaryr refers herein to the group
-aryl-S(O)2-NH-aralkyl, where the aralkyl is loweraralkyl.
"Carbonyl" refers to the divalent group -C(O)-.
"Carbonyloxy" refers generally to the group -C(O)-O. Such groups include
esters, -C(0)-O-R, where R is loweralkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl. The term
"carbonyloxycycloalkyl" refers generally herein to both an "carbonyloxycarbocycloalkyl"
and an "carbonyloxyheterocycloalkyl", i.e., where R is a carbocycloalkyl or
heterocycloalkyl, respectively. The term "arylcarbonyloxy" refers Herein to the group —
C(O)-O-aryl, where aryl is a mono- or polycyclic, carbocycloaryl or heterocycloaryl. The
term "aralkylcarbonyloxy" refers herein to the group -C(O)-O-aralkyl, where the aralkyl
is loweraralkyl.
The term "sulfonyl" refers herein to the group -SO2-. "Alkylsulfonyl" refers to a
substituted sulfonyl of the structure -SO2R- in which R is alkyl. Alkylsulfonyl groups
employed in compounds of the present invention are typically loweralkylsulfonyl groups
having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in its backbone structure. Thus, typical alkylsulfonyl
groups employed. in compounds of the present invention include, for example,
methylsulfonyl (i.e., where R is methyl), ethylsulfonyl (i.e., where R is ethyl),
propylsulfonyl (i.e., where R is propyl), and the like. The term "arylsulfonyl" refers,
herein to the group -SO2-aryl The term "aralkylsulfonyl" refers herein to the group
-SO2-aralkyl, in which the aralkyl is loweraralkyl. The term "sulfonamido" refers herein
to -SO2NH2.
As used herein, the term "carbonylamino" refers to the divalent group -NH-C(O)-
in which the hydrogen atom of the amide nitrogen of the carbonylamino group can be
replaced a loweralkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl group. Such groups include moieties such as
carbamate esters (-NH-C(O)-O-R) and amides -NH-C(O)-O-R, where R is a straight or
branched chain loweralkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl or loweraralkyl. The term
"loweralkylcarbonylamino" refers to alkylcarbonylamino where R is a loweralkyl having
from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms in its backbone structure. The term "arylcarbonylamino"
refers to group -NH-C(O)-R where R is an aryl. Similarly, the term
"aralkylcarbonylamino " refers to carbonylamino where R is a lower aralkyl. As used
herein, the term "aminocarbonyr" refers to the divalent group -C(O)-NH- in which the
hydrogen atom of the amide nitrogen of the carbonylamino group can be replaced a
loweralkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl group, as described above.
As used herein, the term "guanidino" or "guanidyl" refers to moieties derived
from guanidine, H2N-C(=NH)-NH2. Such moieties include those bonded at the nitrogen
atom carrying the formal double bond (the "2"-position of the guanidine, e.g.,
diaminomethyleneamino, (H2N)2C=NH-). and those bonded at either of the nitrogen
atoms carrying a formal single bond (the "1-" and/or "3"-positions of the guandine, e.g.,
H2N-C(=NH)-NH-). The hydrogen atoms at any of the nitrogens can be replaced with a
suitable substituent, such as loweralkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl.
As used herein, the term "amidino" refers to the moieties R-C(=N)-NR'- (the
radical being at the "N1" nitrogen) and R(NR')C=N- (the radical being at the "N2n
nitrogen), where R and R' can be hydrogen, loweralkyl, aryl, or loweraralkyl.
"Cycloalkyl" refers to a mono- or polycyclic, heterocyclic or carbocyclic alkyl
substituent. Typical cycloalkyl substituents have from 3 to 8 backbone (i.e., ring) atoms
in which each backbone atom is either carbon or a heteroatom. The term
"heterocycloalkyl" refers herein to cycloalkyl substituents that have from 1 to 5, and more
typically from 1 to 4 heteroatoms in the ring structure. Suitable heteroatoms employed in
compounds of the present invention are nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Representative
heterocycloalkyl moieties include, for example, morpholino, piperazinyl, piperadinyl and
the like. Carbocycloalkyl groups are cycloalkyl groups in which all ring atoms are
carbon. When used in connection with cycloalkyl substituents, the term "polycyclic"
refers herein to fused and non-fused alkyl cyclic structures.
The term "substituted heterocycle" or "heterocyclic group" or heterocycle as used
herein refers to any 3- or 4-membered ring containing a heteroatom selected from
nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur or a 5- or 6-membered ring containing from one to three
heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein
the 5-membered ring has 0-2 double bonds and the 6-membered ring has 0-3 double
bonds; wherein the nitrogen and sulfur atom maybe optionally oxidized; wherein the
nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms maybe optionally quarternized; and including any
bicyclic group in which any of the above heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring or
another 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring independently defined above. The term
"heterocycle" thus includes rings in which nitrogen is the heteroatom as well as partially
and fully-saturated rings. Preferred heterocycles include, for example: diazapinyl, pyrryl,
pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazoyl, imidazolinyl,
imidazolidinyl, pyridyl, piperidinyl, pyrazinyl, piperazinyl, N-methyl piperazinyl,
azetidinyl, N-methylazetidinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl,
isoxazolyl, isoazolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiazolyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl,
isotbiazolidinyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl,
benzoxazolyl, furyl, thienyl, triazolyl and benzothienyl.
Heterocyclic moieties can be unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted
with various substituents independently selected from hydroxy, halo, oxo (C=O),
alkylimino (RN=, wherein R is a loweralkyl or loweralkoxy group), amino, alkylamino,
dialkylamino, acylaminoalkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, polyalkoxy, loweralkyl, cycloalkyl or
haloalkyl.
The heterocyclic groups may be attached at various positions as will be apparent
to those having skill in the organic and medicinal chemistry arts in conjunction with the
disclosure herein.

Representative heterocyclics include, for example, imidazolyl, pyridyl,
piperazinyl, azetidinyl, thiazolyl, furanyl, triazolyl benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl,
benzoxazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, indolyl,
naphthpyridinyl, indazolyl, and quinolizinyl.
"Aiyl" refers to optionally substituted monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic groups
having from 3 to 14 backbone carbon or hetero atoms, and includes both carbocyclic aryl
groups and heterocyclic aryl groups. Carbocyclic aryl groups are aryl groups in which all
ring atoms in the aromatic ring are carbon. The term "heteroaryl" refers herein to aryl
groups having from 1 to 4 heteroatoms as ring atoms in an aromatic ring with the
remainder of the ring atoms being carbon atoms. When used in connection with aryl
substituents, the term "polycyclic aryl" refers herein to fused and non-fused cyclic
structures in which at least one cyclic structure is aromatic, such as, for example,
benzodioxozolo (which has a heterocyclic structure fused to a phenyl group, i.e.,
naphthyl, and the like. Exemplary aryl moieties employed as substituents in
compounds of the present invention include phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, thiazolyl,
indolyl, imidazolyl, oxadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, triazolyl, thiophenyl, furanyl,
quinolinyl, purinyl, naphthyl, benzothiazolyl, benzopyridyl, and benzimidazolyl, and the
like.
"Aralkyl" refers to an alkyl group substituted with an aryl group. Typically,
aralkyl groups employed in compounds of the present invention have from 1 to 6 carbon
atoms incorporated within the alkyl portion of the aralkyl group. Suitable aralkyl groups
employed in compounds of the present invention include, for example, benzyl, picolyl,
and the like.
Representative heteroaryl groups include, for example, those shown below. These
heteroaryl groups can be further substituted and may be attached at various positions as
will be apparent to those having skill in the organic and medicinal chemistry arts in
conjunction with the disclosure herein.

Representative heteroaryl's include, for example, imidazolyl, pyridyl, piperazinyl,
azetidinyl, thiazolyl, triazolyl benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, and benzoxazolyl.
The term "biaryl" refers to a group or substituent to which two aryl groups, which
are not condensed to each other, are bound. Exemplary biaryl compounds include, for
example, phenylbenzene, diphenyldiazene, 4-methylthio-1-phenylbenzene,
phenoxybenzene, (2-phenylethynyl)benzene, diphenyl ketone, (4-phenylbuta-l,3-
diynyl)benzene, phenylbenzylamine, (phenylmethoxy)benzene, and the like. Preferred
optionally substituted biaryl groups include: 2-(phenylamino)-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)-
phenyljacetamide, 1,4-diphenylbenzene, N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]-2-[benzyl-
amino]acetamide, 2-amino-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyI)phenyl]propanamide, 2-amino-N-[4-
(2-phenylethynyl)phenyI]acetamide, 2-(cyclopropylamino)-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)-
phenyl]acetamide, 2-(ethylamino)-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 2-[(2-
methylpropyl)amino]-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 5-phenyl-2H-benzo-
[d]1,3-dioxolene, 2-chloro-1-methoxy-4-phenylbenzene, 2-[(imidazolylmethyl)amino]-N-
[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 4-phenyl-1-phenoxybenzene, N-(2-aminoethyl)-
[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]carboxamide, 2-{[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]amino}-N-[4-(2-
phenylethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 2-{[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]amino}-N-[4-(2-phenyl-
ethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 4-phenyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 1-butyl-4-phenyl-
benzene, 2-(cyclohexylamino)-N-[4-(2-phenyletb.ynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 2-(ethylmethyl-
amino)-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 2-(burylamino)-N-[4-(2-phenyl-
ethynyl)phenyl]acetamide, N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]-2-(4-pyridylamino)acetamide,
N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]-2-(quinuclidin-3-ylamino)acetamide, N-[4-(2-phenyl-
ethynyl)phenyl]pyrrolidin-2-ylcarboxamide, 2-amino-3-methyl-N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)-
phenyl]butanamide, 4-(4-phenylbuta-1,3-diynyl)pb.enylamine, 2-(dimethylamino)-N-[4-
(4-phenylbuta-1,3-diynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 2-(ethylamino)-N-[4-(4-phenylbuta-1,3-
diynyl)phenyl]acetamide, 4-ethyl-1-phenylbenzene, 1-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]ethan-
1-one, N-(1-carbamoyl-2-hydroxypropyl)[4-(4-phenylbuta-1,3-diynyl)phenyl]carbox-
amide, N-[4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]propanamide, 4-methoxyphenyl phenyl ketone,
phenyl-N-benzamide, (tert-butoxy)-N-[(4-phenylphenyl)methyl]carboxamide, 2-(3-
phenylphenoxy)ethanehydroxmic acid, 3-phenylphenyl propanoate, 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-
4-methoxybenzene, and [4-(2-phenylethynyl)phenyl]pyrrole.
The terra "heteroarylaryl" refers to a biaryl group where one of the aryl groups is a
heteroaryl group. Exemplary heteroarylaryl groups include, for example,
2-phenylpyridine, phenylpyrrole, 3-(2-phenylethynyl)pyridine, phenylpyrazole,
5-(2-phenylethynyl)-1,3-dihydropyrimidine-2,4-dione, 4-phenyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole, 2-(2-
phenylethyl)pyrazine, 2-phenylthiophene, phenylimidazole, 3-(2-piperazinylphenyl)-
furan, 3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methylpyrrole, and the like. Preferred optionally
substituted heteroarylaryl groups include: 5-(2-phenylethynyl)pyrimidine-2-ylamine,
1 -methoxy-4-(2-thienyl)benzene, 1 -methoxy-3-(2-thienyl)benzene, 5-methyl-2-phenyI-
pyridine, 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole, 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furan, 3-fluoro-5-
(2-furyl)-2-methoxy-1 -prop-2-enylbenzene, (hydroxyimino)(5-phenyl(2-thienyl))-
methane, 5-[(4-methylpiperazinyl)methyl]-2-phenylthiophene, 2-(4-ethylphenyl)thio-
phene, 4-methylthio-1-(2-thienyl)benzene, 2-(3-nitrophenyl)thiophene, (tert-butoxy)-N-
[(5-phenyl(3-pyridyl))methyl]carboxamide, hydroxy-N-[(5-phenyl(3-pyridyl))methyl]-
amide, 2-(phenylmethylthio)pyridine, and benzylimidazole.
The tenn "heteroarylheteroaryl" refers to a biaryl group where both of the aryl
groups is a heteroaryl group. Exemplary heteroarylheteroaryl groups include, for
example, 3-pyridylimidazole, 2-imidazolylpyrazine, and the like.- Preferred optionally
substituted heteroarylheteroaryl groups include: 2-(4-piperazinyl-3-pyridyl)ruran, diethyl-
(3-pyrazin-2-yl(4-pyridyl))amine, and dimethyl {2-[2-(5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)ethynyl](4-
pyridyl)}amine.
"Optionally substituted" or "substituted" refers to the replacement of hydrogen
with a monovalent or divalent radical. Suitable substitution groups include, for example,
hydroxyl, nitro, amino, imino, cyano, halo, thio, sulfonyl, thioamido, amidino, imidino,
oxo, oxamidino, methoxamidino, imidino, guanidino, sulfonamido, carboxyl, formyl,
loweralkyl, haloloweralkyl, loweralkyamino, haloloweralkylamino, loweralkoxy,
haloloweralkoxy, loweralkoxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, arylcarbonyl,
aralkylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarboriyl, heteroaralkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, aminoalkyl,
cyanoalkyl, aryl and the like.
The substitution group can itself be substituted. The group substituted onto the
substitution group can be carboxyl, halo; nitro, amino, cyano, hydroxyl, loweralkyl,
loweralkoxy, aminocarbonyl, -SR, thioamido, -SO3H, -SO2R or cycloalkyl, where R is
typically hydrogen, hydroxyl or loweralkyl.
When the substituted substituent includes a straight chain group, the substitution
can occur, either within the chain (e.g., 2-hydroxypropyl, 2-aminobutyl, and the like) or at
the chain terminus (e.g., 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-cyanopropyl, and the like). Substituted
substitutents can be straight chain, branched or cyclic arrangements of covalently bonded
carbon or heteroatoms.
As used herein, the term "carboxy-protecting group" refers to a carbonyl group
which has been esterified with one of the commonly used carboxylic acid protecting ester
groups employed to block or protect the carboxylic acid function while reactions
involving other functional sites of the compound are carried out. In addition, a carboxy
protecting group can be attached to a solid support whereby the compound remains
connected to the solid support as the carboxylate until cleaved by hydrolytic methods to
release the corresponding free acid. Representative carboxy-protecting groups include,
for example, loweralkyl esters, secondary amides and the like.
As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to the nontoxic
acid or alkaline earth metal salts of the compounds of Formula I. These salts can be
prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds of Formula I,
or by separately reacting the base or acid functions with a suitable organic or inorganic
acid or base, respectively. Representative salts include but are not limited to the
following: acetate, adipate, alginate, citrate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate,
bisulfate, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, digluconate, cyclopentanepropionate,
dodecylsulfate, ethanesulfonate, glucoheptanoate, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate,
heptanoate, hexanoate, fumarate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide,
2-hydroxyethanesulfonate, lactate, maleate, methanesulfonate, nicotinate, 2-napth-
alenesulfonate, oxalate, pamoate, pectinate, persulfate, 3-phenylproionate, picrate,
pivalate, propionate, succinate, sulfate, tartrate, thiocyanate, p-toluenesulfonate and
undecanoate. Also, the basic nitrogen-containing groups can be quaternized with such
agents as loweralkyl halides, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chloride, bromides,
and iodides; dialkyl sulfates like dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and diamyl sulfates, long
chain halides such as decyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides,
aralkyl halides like benzyl and phenethyl bromides, and others. Water or oil-soluble or
dispersible products are thereby obtained.
Examples of acids which may be employed to form pharmaceutically acceptable
acid addition salts include such inorganic acids as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and
phosphoric acid and such organic acids as oxalic acid, maleic acid, methanesulfonic acid,
succinic acid and citric acid. Basic addition salts can be prepared in situ during the final
isolation and purification of the compounds of formula (I), or separately by reacting
carboxylic acid moieties with a suitable base such as the hydroxide, carbonate or
bicarbonate of a pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation or with ammonia, or an
organic primary, secondary or tertiary amine. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include,
but are not limited to, cations based on the alkali and alkaline earth metals, such as
sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum salts and the like, as well as
nontoxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium, and amine cations, including, but not
limited to ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, methylamine,
dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylamine, and the like. Other
representative organic amines useful for the formation of base addition salts include
diethylamine, ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, piperazine and the like.
As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable ester" refers to esters,
which hydrolyze in vivo and include those that break down readily in the human body to
leave the parent compound or a salt thereof. Suitable ester groups include, for example,
those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable aliphatic carboxylic acids, particularly
alkanoic, alkenoic, cycloalkanoic and alkanedioic acids, in which each alkyl or alkenyl
moiety advantageously has not more than 6 carbon atoms. Examples of particular esters
include formates, acetates, propionates, butyrates, acrylates and ethylsuccinates.
The term "pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs" as used herein refers to those
prodrugs of the compounds of the present invention which are, within the scope of sound
medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower
animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate
with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio, and effective for their intended use, as well as the
zwitterionic forms, where possible, of the compounds of the invention. The term
"prodrug" refers to compounds that are rapidly transformed in vivo to yield the parent
compound of the above formula, for example by hydrolysis in blood. A thorough
discussion is provided in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems,
Vol. 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, and in Edward B. Roche, ed., Bioreversible
Carriers in Drug Design, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press,
1987, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The term "cancer" refers to cancer diseases that can be beneficially treated by the
inhibition of Raf kinase, including, for example, solid cancers, such as carcinomas (e.g.,
of the lungs, pancreas, thyroid, bladder or colon), myeloid disorders (e.g., myeloid
leukemia) and adenomas (e.g., villous colon adenoma).
In illustrative embodiments of the invention, Ar1 may be, for example, phenyl
which may be substituted by one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting
of hydroxyl, nitro, cyano, halo, and substituted or unsubstituted amino, imino, thio,
sulfonyl, thioamido, amidino, imidino, oxo, oxamidino, methoxamidino, imidino,
guanidino, sulfonamido, carboxyl, formyl, loweralkyl, haloloweralkyl, loweralkyamino,
haloloweralkylamino, loweralkoxy, haloloweralkoxy, loweralkoxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl,
aminocarbonyl, loweralkylaminocarbonyl, heterocycloalkylloweralkylaminocarbonyl,
carboxylloweralkylaminocarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl,
heteroaralkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, aminoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aryl and the like. In other
illustrative embodiments of the invention, Ar2 may be, for example, pyridyl, which may
be substituted by one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of
hydroxyl, nitro, cyano, halo, and substituted or unsubstituted amino, imino, thio, sulfonyl,
thioamido, amidino, imidino, oxo, oxamidino, methoxamidino, imidino, guanidino,
sulfonamido, carboxyl, formyl, loweralkyl, . haloloweralkyl, loweralkyamino,
haloloweralkylamino, loweralkoxy, haloloweralkoxy, loweralkoxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl,
aminocarbonyl, loweralkylaminocarbonyl, heterocycloalkylloweralkylaminocarbonyl,
carboxylloweralkylaminocarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl,
heteroaralkylcarbonyl, alkylthio, aminoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aryl and the like.
In representative embodiments of the invention, the compounds of the invention
include, for example, 4-[(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aminio}-1H-benz-
imidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(3-chlorophenyl)amino]-
1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)-
amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(3-chloro-
4-fluorophenyl)ammo]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-memylpyridine-2-carboxamide,
N-methyl-4-{[2-(phenylamino)-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl]oxy}pyridine-2-carboxamide,
4-[(2-{[4-bromo-2-(trifluoromemyl)phenyl]amino}-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-
methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-({2-[(2-methylpropyl)amino]-1H-benz-
imidazol-6-yl}oxy)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-[(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]-
amino}-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-({2-
[(4-nitrophenyl)amino]-1 H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)pyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-
({2-[(phenylcarbonyl)amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)pyridine-2-carboxamide, N-
methyl-4-({2-[(phenylmethyl)ammo]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)pyridine-2-carbox-
amide, methyl 4-{[6-({2-[(methylamino)carbonyl]pyridin-4-yl}oxy)-1H-benzimidazol-2-
yljamino } benzoate, 4-( {2-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino] -1H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)-N-
methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-[(2-{[2-(ethyloxy)phenyl]amino}-1H-benzimidazol-6-
yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-({2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)-
amino]-1 H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-iodophenyl)-
amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-[(2-
{[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amino }-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]pyridine-2-carboxamide,
4-({2-[(furan-2-ylmethyl)amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-
carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-
methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-acetylphenyl)amino]-1 H-benzamidazol-6-yl} -
oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-({2-[(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amino]-
1 H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-[(2- {[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-
phenyl]amino}-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(2-
bromophenyl)amino]-1 H-benzimidazol-6-yl} oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-
({2-[(3-bromophenyl)amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carbox-
amide, 4-({2-[(2-chlorophenyl)amino]-1H-benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-
carboxamide, methyl 3-{[6-({2-[(methylamino)carbonyl]pyridin-4-yl}oxy)-1H-
benzimidazol-2-yl]amino}tbiophene-2-carboxylate, 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1H-
benzimidazol-6-yl}oxy)-N-{(3R,5R)-5-[(methyloxy)methyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}pyridine-2-
carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1 -methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-
methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-[(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}-1-
methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide, N-methyl-4-[( 1 -
memyl-2-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ammo}-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)oxy]pyridine-2-
carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-l -methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-
ethylpyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1 -methyl-1H-benz-
imidazol-5-yl}oxy)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromo-
phenyl)amino]-1 -methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N,N-dimethylpyridine-2-carbox-
amide, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-(2,2,2-
trifluoroethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, N-(4-bromophenyl)-1 -methyl-5- {[2-(pyrrolidin-1 -
ylcarbonyl)pyridin-4-yl]oxy}-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine, ethyl (3R)-3-(methyloxy)-4-
[({4-[(2- {[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)oxy]pyridin-2-yl} -
carbonyl)amino]piperidine-1-carboxylate, 4-( {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1H-
benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-[2-(dimethylainino)ethyl]pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-( {2-[(4-
bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1 H-benzimidazol-5-yl}oxy)-N-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl-
methyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1H-benz-
imidazol-5-yl}oxy)-N-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromo-
phenyl)animo]-1-methyl-1H-benzmidazol-5-yl}oxy)-N-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)pyridine-
2-carboxamide, 5-({2-[(3-aminopyrrolidin-1-yl)carbonyl]pyridin-4-yl}oxy)-N-(4-
bromophenyl)-1 -methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine, 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1 -
methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-[1-(diphenyhlmethyl)azetidin-3-yl]pyridine-2-
carboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1 -methyl- 1H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-
piperidin-3-ylpyridine-2-caiboxamide, 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1 -methyl-1H-
benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, and 4-({2-[(4-
bromophenyl)amino]-1 -methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl} oxy)-N-[(1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-
methyl]pyridine-2-carboxamide, (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzotbiazol-5-yloxy}(2-
pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide, (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzoxazol-5-yloxy}-(2-
pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide, and other representative compounds set forth in the
Examples.
In other aspects, the present invention relates to the processes for preparing the
compounds of Formulas I, II, in, IV and V and to the synthetic intermediates useful in
such processes.
The compounds of the invention comprise asymmetrically substituted carbon
atoms. Such asymmetrically substituted carbon atoms can result in the compounds of the
invention comprising mixtures of stereoisomers at a particular asymmetrically substituted
carbon atom or a single stereoisomer. As a result, racemic mixtures, mixtures of
diastereomers, as well as single diastereomers of the compounds of the invention are
included in the present invention. The terms "S" and "R" configuration, as used herein,
are as defined by the IUPAC 1974 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SECTION E, FUNDAMENTAL
STEREOCHEMISTRY, Pure Appl. Chem. 45:13-30 (1976). The terms a and ß are employed
for ring positions of cyclic compounds. The a-side of the reference plane is that side on
which the preferred substituent lies at the lower numbered position. Those substituents
lying on the opposite side of the reference plane are assigned ß descriptor. It should be
noted that this usage differs from that for cyclic stereoparents, in which "a" means
"below the plane" and denotes absolute configuration. The terms a and ß configuration,
as used herein, are as defined by the CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS INDEX GUIDE-APPENDIX IV
(1987) paragraph 203.
The present invention also relates to the processes for preparing the compounds of
the invention and to the synthetic intermediates useful in such processes, as described in
detail below.
Synthetic Methods
Compounds of the invention containing a benzimidazole core may be prepared
using a number of methods familiar to one of skill in the art. In one method, suitably
functionalized diamines may be coupled with various thioisocyanates to form the
intermediate thioureas. Cyclization to form the benzimidazole moiety may be effected '
under known conditions such as with treatment carbodiimides or alkyl halides as in the
following schemes.
Alternatively the diamines may be reacted sequentially with carbonyl diimidazole
and phosphoryl chloride followed by coupling with the appropriate amine.
Compounds containing the oxazole structure may similarly be prepared according
to the methods above or according to other known general procedures. Haviv et al. (J.
Med. Chem. 1988, 31:1719) describes a procedure for assembling oxazole cores wherein
a hydroxy aniline is treated with ethyl potassium xanthate. The resulting sulfuryl
benzoxazole may then be chlorinated and coupled with an amine.
Compounds containing a benzothiazole core may also be prepared according to
known methods. An ortho-halothioisocyanate may be reacted with an amine to form a
thiourea. Reduction with NaH then allows formation of the thiazole ring.
The compounds of the invention are useful in vitro or in vivo in inhibiting the
growth of cancer cells. The compounds may be used alone or in compositions together
with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Suitable pharmaceutically
acceptable carriers or excipients include, for example, processing agents and drug
delivery modifiers and enhancers, such as, for example, calcium phosphate, magnesium
stearate,-talc, monosaccharides, disaccharides, starch, gelatin, cellulose, methyl cellulose,
sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, dextrose, hydroxypropyl-P-cyclodextrin, polyvinyl-
pyrrolidinone, low melting waxes, ion exchange resins, and the like, as well as
combinations of any two or more thereof. Other suitable pharmaceutically acceptable
excipients are described in "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences," Mack Pub. Co., New
Jersey (1991), incorporated herein by reference.
Effective amounts of the compounds of the invention generally include any
amount sufficient to detectably inhibit Raf activity by any of the assays described herein,
by other Raf kinase activity assays known to those having ordinary skill in the art or by
detecting an inhibition or alleviation of symptoms of cancer.
The amount of active ingredient that may be combined with the carrier materials
to produce a single dosage form will vary depending upon the host treated and the
particular mode of administration. It will be understood, however, that the specific dose
level for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity
of the specific compound employed, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, time
of administration, route of administration, rate of excretion, drug combination, and the
severity of the particular disease undergoing therapy. The therapeutically effective
amount for a given situation can be readily determined by routine experimentation and is
within the skill and judgment of the ordinary clinician.
For purposes of the present invention, a therapeutically effective dose will
generally be a total daily dose administered to a host in single or divided doses may be in
amounts, for example, of from 0.001 to 1000mg/kg body weight daily and more
preferred from 1.0 to 30 mg/kg body weight daily. Dosage unit compositions may
contain such amounts of submultiples thereof to make up the daily dose.
The compounds of the present invention may be administered orally, parenterally,
sublingually, by aerosolization or inhalation spray, rectally, or topically in dosage unit
formulations containing conventional nontoxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers,
adjuvants, and vehicles as desired. Topical administration may also involve the use of
transdermal administration such as transdermal patches or ionophoresis devices. The
term parenteral as used herein includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous,
intramuscular, intrasternal injection, or infusion techniques.
Injectable preparations, for example, sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous
suspensions may be formulated according to the known art using suitable dispersing or
wetting agents and suspending agents. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a
sterile injectable solution or suspension in a nontoxic parenterally acceptable diluent or
solvent, for example, as a solution in 1,3-propanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles
and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium
chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent
or suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed including
synthetic mono- or di-glycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the
preparation of injectables.
Suppositories for rectal administration of the drug can be prepared by mixing the
drug with a suitable nonirritating excipient such as cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols,
which are solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will
therefore melt in the rectum and release the drug.
Solid dosage forms for oral administration may include capsules, tablets, pills,
powders, and granules. In such solid dosage forms, the active compound may be
admixed with at least one inert diluent such as sucrose lactose or starch. Such dosage
forms may also comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than inert
diluents, e.g., lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate. In the case of capsules,
tablets, and pills, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents. Tablets and pills
can additionally be prepared with enteric coatings.
Liquid dosage forms for oral administration may include pharmaceutically
acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, and elixirs containing inert diluents
commonly used in the art, such as water. Such compositions may also comprise
adjuvants, such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, cyclodextrins, and
sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.
The compounds of the present invention can also be administered in the form of
lipqsomes. As is known in the art, liposomes are generally derived from phospholipids or
other lipid substances. Liposomes are formed by mono- or multi-lamellar hydrated liquid
crystals that are dispersed in an aqueous medium. Any non-toxic, physiologically
acceptable and metabolizable lipid capable of forming liposomes can be used. The
present compositions in liposome form can contain, in addition to a compound of the
present invention, stabilizers, preservatives, excipients, and the like. The preferred lipids
are the phospholipids and phosphatidyl cholines (lecithins), both natural and synthetic.
Methods to form liposomes are known in the art. See, for example, Prescott, Ed.,
Metiiods in Cell Biology, Volume XIV, Academic Press, New York, N.W., p. 33 etseq.
(1976).
While the compounds of the invention can be administered as the sole active
pharmaceutical agent, they can also be used in combination with one or more other agents
used in the treatment of cancer. Representative agents useful in combination with the
compounds of the invention for the treatment of cancer include, for example, irinotecan,
topotecan, gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin carboplatin, cisplatin, taxanes,
tezacitabine, cyclophosphamide, vinca alkaloids, imatinib (Gleevec), anthracyclines,
rituximab, trastuzumab, as well as other cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
The above compounds to be employed in combination with the compounds of the
invention will be used in therapeutic amounts as indicated in the Physicians' Desk
Reference (PDR) 47th Edition (1993), which is incorporated herein by reference, or such
therapeutically useful amounts as would be known to one of ordinary skill in the art
The compounds of the invention and the other anticancer. agents can be
administered at the recommended maximum clinical dosage or at lower doses. Dosage
levels of the active compounds in the compositions of the invention may be varied so as
to obtain a desired therapeutic response depending on the route of administration, severity
of the disease and the response of the patient. The combination can be administered as
separate compositions or as a single dosage form containing both agents. When
administered as a combination, the therapeutic agents can be formulated as separate
compositions, which are given at the same time or different times, or the therapeutic
agents, can be given as a single composition.
Antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen, inhibit breast cancer growth through induction
of cell cycle arrest, that requires the action of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip. Recently, it
has been shown that activation of the Ras-Raf-MAP Kinase pathway alters the
phosphorylation status of p27Kip such that its inhibitory activity in arresting the cell
cycle is attenuated, thereby contributing to antiestrogen resistance (Donovan et al, J. Biol.
Chem. 275:40888, 2001). As reported by Donovan et al., inhibition of MAPK signaling
through treatment with MEK inhibitor changed the phosphorylation status of p27 in
hormone refactory breast cancer cell lines and in so doing restored hormone sensitivity.
Accordingly, in one aspect, the compounds of formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV) and (V) may
be used in the treatment of hormone dependent cancers, such as breast and prostate
cancers, to reverse hormone resistance commonly seen in these cancers with conventional
anticancer agents.
In hematological cancers, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML),
chromosomal translocation is responsible for the constitutively activated BCR-AB1
tyrosine kinase. The afflicted patients are responsive to Geevec, a small molecule
tyrosine kinase inhibitor, as a result of inhibition of Abl kinase activity. However, many
patients with advanced stage disease respond to Gleevec initially, but then relapse later
due to resistance-conferring mutations in the Abl kinase domain. In vitro studies have
demonstrated that BCR-Avl employs the Raf kinase pathway to elicit its effects. In
addition, inhibiting more than one kinase in the same pathway provides additional
protection against resistance-conferring mutations. Accordingly, in another aspect of the
invention, the compounds of formulas (I), (II), (HI), (IV) and (V) are used in combination
with at least one additional agent, such as Gleevec, in the treatment of hematological
cancers, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), to reverse or prevent resistance
to the at least one additional agent.
The present invention will be understood more readily by reference to the
following examples, which are provided by way of illustration and are not intended to be
limiting of the present invention.
Representative side chains for use in the compounds of the following examples
may generally be prepared in accordance with the following procedures:
Example 1
Synthesis of 4--[2- {[4-chloro-3 -(trifluoromethyl)phenvl] amino} -
lH-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxv]-N-methylpvridine-2-carboxamide
The compound 4-[(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}-1H-benz-
imidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide was synthesized as follows:
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-[(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-
carbbxamide:
A mixture containing 4-amino-3-nitrophenol (leq) and potassium
bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2eq) was stirred in dimethylformamide for 2 hours at room
temperature. To this mixture was added (4-chloro(2-pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide
(leq) and potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and stirred at 90°C for 3 days. The reaction
mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried, filtered, and concentrated in
vacuum to give brown solid. Purification on silica gel (2% triethyl amine / 50% ethyl
acetate in hexane) gave 4-[(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carbox-
amide as an orange solid. The product gave satisfactory NMR. HPLC, 3.39 min; MS:
MH+ = 289.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-[(3,4-diaminoplienyl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-
carboxamide:
The mixture containing [4-(3-amino-4-nitrophenoxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N- in methanol
with catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C.was hydrogenated until disappearance of the yellow
color to yield the product amine. HPLC, 2.5 mins; MS: MH+ = 259.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-[(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}-1H-
benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide:
The mixture containing 4-[(3,4-diaminophenyl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-
carboxamide (leq) and 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneisotbiocyanate (leq) in
tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours to give the corresponding
thiourea. To the resulting mixture was added 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-
propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (2eq) and the mixture was stirred for another
10 hours. The mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
The organic layer was washed with brine and dried. Purification on HPLC gave 4-[(2-
{[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino} -1H-benzimidazol-6-yl)oxy]-N-methyl-
pyridine-2-carboxamide. -MS: MH+ = 462
Examples 2-108
The compounds shown in the following Table 1 (Examples 2-108) were prepared
from following the procedure described for Example 1.
Example 109
Synthesis of (4- (2-[(4-bromophenyl)aminol-
benzothiazol-5 -yloxy) (2-pvridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzothiazole
A solution of bromine (3.6eq) in chloroform (.75M) was added dropwise over a
period of 1 hr to a stirred suspension of 5-methoxy-2-mercaptobenzothiazole (1eq) in
chloroform at 0°C. The mixture was stirred for 30 min before it was added slowly to
water and stirred for further 20 min. The mixture was filtered to remove a cream solid.
The organic phase was dried and evaporated to leave a brown solid. The brown solid was
dissolved in ether and filtered. The residue was washed with ether and the filtrate and
washings were combined and evaporated, chromatographed (4:1 hexanes and ethyl
acetate) to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid. MS: MH+= 244
Step 2. Synthesis of (4-bromophenyl)(5-methoxybenzothiazol-2-yl)amine
The mixture containing 2-bromo-5-methoxybenztbiazole (leq), 4-Bromoaniline
(2eq) and disopropylethylamine was subjected to microwave in NMP at 220°C. The
resultant mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was washed with brine and dried. Purification on silica gel gave the desired
product. MS: MH+ = 335
Step 3. Synthesis of 2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzothiazol-5-ol
The mixture of (4-bromophenyl)(5-methoxybenzothiazol-2-yl)amine and hydro-
bromic acid (48%) was subjected to the microwave at 150°C for 6 mins to yield the
desired product. MS: MH+ = 321
Step 4. Synthesis of (4-{2-[(4-bromophemyl)amino]benzothiazol-5-yloxy}(2-
pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide:
The mixture containing 2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzothiazol-5-ol (leq),
Potassiumbis(trimethylsilyl)amide (4eq), was stirred in dimethylformamide for 30 min at
room temperature. To this mixture was added (4-chloro(2-pyridyl)-N-methyl-
carboxamide (leq) and Potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and microwaved for 6 mins at.
150°C. The reaction mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate
and water. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried, filtered and
concentrated. Purification on Prep LC yielded the desired product. MS: MH+ = 455
Each of the Examples 110-119 shown in the following Table 2 were synthesized
according to the procedure described in Example 109:
Example 120a
Synthesis of 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-
lH-benzimidazol-5-yloxv)-N-methylpvridine-2-carboxamide
The compound 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-
yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide was synthesized as follows:
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenyl]oxy}-iV-methyl-
pyridine-2-carboxamide:
A solution of 4-[(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)oxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide
(1eq) in methylene chloride was treated with trifluoroacetic anhydride (leq) and stirred
for 10 minutes at 0°C. The mixture was quenched with saturated NaHCO3 solution. The
organic layer was separated and washed with water, brine, dried and evaporated.
MS: MH-H+=385.2.
To a solution of the trifluroacetamide (leq) in a mixture of toluene, acetonitrile
and sodium hydroxide solution (50%) was added benzyltrimethylammonium- chloride
(leq) and dimethyl sulfate (1.2eq). The biphasic mixture was stirred overnight at room
temperature and evaporated. The mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with
water, brine, dried and evaporated. The crude product was purified by column
chromatography eluting with 1:1 hexanes and ethylacetate followed by 2% triethylamine
in 1:1 hexanes and ethyl acetate followed by 2% triethylamine in 1:1 hexanes and ethyl
acetate to afford N-methyl-4-{[4-(methylamino)-3-nitrophenyl]oxy}pyridine-2-carbox-
amide as a reddish orange solid. MS: MH+ = 303.1.
The solution of nitromethylaniline in methanol was treated with 5% palladium on
carbon and stirred under hydrogen atmosphere for 15 min. (until the disappearance of
yellow coloration) at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was
concentrated to provide 0.36 g of the diamine 4-{[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenyl]oxy}-
N-rhethyipyridine-2-carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 273.3.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-
5-yl}oxy)-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide:
A solution of the diamine 4-{[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenyl]oxy}-N-
methylpyridine-2-carboxamide (1eq) in methanol was treated with 4-bromophenyl-
isothiocyanate (leq) and stirred at 60°C-65°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was
cooled down to room temperature and methyl iodide (leq) was added and stirred
overnight at 60°C. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, evaporated, taken up in
ethyl acetate, and washed with water and brine, dried, and evaporated under reduced
pressure. Column chromatography using a gradient solvent system of hexanes and ethyl
acetate and either 1:1 methylene chloride and acetone or 5% methanol in methylene
chloride yielded the product as a half white powder. MS: MH+=452.3
A mixture containing 4-amino-3-nitrophenol 5 (1.0 g, 6.4 mmol), potassium
bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2.58 g, 12.8mmol) was stirred in DMF (50 ml) for 2 hours at rt.
To this mixture was added (4-chloro(2-pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide 4 (1.09 g,
6.4 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.5 g, 7.6 mmol) and stirred at 90°C overnight. The
reaction mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
The organic layer was separated and washed with brine (2 X 10 ml), dried, filtered and
concentrated in vacuum to give brown solid. Purification on silica gel with 2% triethyl
amine in 50% ethyl acetate in hexane gave 1.3 g (yield, 72%) of [4-(4-amino-3-
nitrophenoxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide 6 as an orange solid: 1H NMR (300
MHz, CDCl3) 5 8.40 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.99 (br s, 1 H), 7.90 (d, J= 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.64
(d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.17 (dd, J = 2.7, 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (ddd, J= 0.7, 2.5, 5.6 Hz, 1 H),
6.89 (d, J= 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.18 (br s, 2 H), 3.00 (d, J= 5.1 Hz, 3 H); mp 208-210 °C dec;
LCMS m/z 289.2 (MH+), tR = 1.92 min.
A 500 mL three neck round bottom flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer was
charged with nitroaniline 6 (10.0 g, 34.8 mmol) and CH2Cl2 (175 ml). The. resulting
suspension was cooled to 0°C and TFAA (9.5 mL, 14.1 g, 67.0 mmol) was added over
16 h while allowing the cooling bath to expire.2 After the reaction was judged complete
by TLC,3 TBAC1 (5.2 g, 17.5 mmol)4 and dimethyl sulfate (6.7 mL, 8.9 g, 70.0 mmol)
were added followed by 50% aqueous NaOH solution (140 mL). The resulting reaction
mixture was cooled with an ice bath, and stirred vigorously for 1.5 h at rt.3,5,6 The
reaction was then poured over ice water and the resulting phases were partitioned and
separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with CH2Cl2 (3 X 100 mL) and the
combined organic layers were washed with brine (2 X 100 mL), dried (MgSO4), and
concentrated. The crude residue was purified by recrystallization (1:3 ethanol-water) to
give 8.36 g (27.7 mmoL 79%) of 7 as fine red needles: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 6
8.40 (dd, J= 0.5, 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 8.07 (br d, J= 3.7 Hz, 1 H), 7.98 (br s, 1 H), 7.95 (d, J=
2.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (dd, J= 0.5, 2.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.27 (ddd, J= 0.5, 2.9, 9.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.98
(dd, J= 2.7, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.92 (d, J= 9.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.07 (d, J= 5.1 MHz, 3 H), 3.00 (d, J
= 5.1 Hz, 3 H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) 5 166.6, 164.6, 152.6, 150.0, 144.8, 142.2,
130.6, 118.9, 115.5, 114.2, 109.7, 30.2, 26.4; mp 164-166 °C. LCMS m/z 303.4 (MH+),
tR = 2.37 min.
A suspension of nitroaniline 7 (5.0 g, 16.5 mmol) in methanol was sparged with
N2 for 20 min after which 10% Pd/C (0.88 g, 0.8 mmol) was added. The reaction was
purged with H2 and maintained under a H2 atmosphere overnight at room temperature.
The reaction was purged with N2 and filtered through Celite. The collected solids were
washed with EtOAc (3 X 50 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (MgSO4)
and concentrated to afford 4.35 g (16.0 mmol, 97%) of an off white solid as 8: 1H NMR
(300 MHz, CDCl3) 5 8.30 (d, J= 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.99 (br s, 1 H), 7.67 (d, J= 2.5 Hz, 1 H),
6.91 (dd, J = 2.5, 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.62 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.53 (dd, J = 2.5, 8.5 Hz, 1 H),
6.44 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 2.98 (d, J= 5.2 Hz, 3 H), 2.86 (s, 3 H); 13C NMR (75 MHz,
CDCl3) 8 167.4, 164.9, 152.2, 149.6, 146.0, 136.6, 136.3, 114.0, 112.3, 112.0, 110.2,
109.0, 31.6, 26.5; mp 153-156°C dec; LCMS ni/z 273.3 (MH+), tK = 1.66 min.
A 250 mL round bottom flask was charged with 4-bromophenylisothiocyanate1
(2.17 g, 10.1 mmol), diamine 8 (2.74 g, 10.1 mmol), and MeOH (40 mL) and the reaction
was maintained at rt overnight. Ferric chloride (2.43 g, 15 mmol) was added and the
resulting red reaction mixture was stirred overnight The reaction was partitioned with
EtOAc (100 mL) and water (100 mL), and filtered through Celite. The layers were
separated and the aqueous phase was neutralized (pH = 7) with saturated Na2CO3
solution. The resulting aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (100 mL) and the
mixture was filtered through, Celite. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase
was again extracted and filtered. The combined organic layers were washed with brine
(250 mL), dried (MgSO4), and concentrated to give a brown solid. The crude residue was
purified by trituration in hot toluene to furnish 2.22 g (4.95 mmol, 49%) of a tan solid as
1: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 8 8.38 (d, J= 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.07 (br d, J= 4.7 Hz, 1 H),
7.61 (d, J= 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.44 (app dd, J= 8.8, 20.6 Hz, 4 H), 7.05 (m, 3 H), 6.78 (dd, J
= 2.2, 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.51 (s, 3 H), 3.00 (d, J= 5.2 Hz, 3 H); mp 251-254 °C dec; LCMS
m/z 452.2 (MH+), tR = 2.17 min.
Examples 121-384
The compounds shown in the following Table 3 (Examples 121-384) were
prepared from following the procedure described for Example 120a.
Step 1. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-chloropyridine-2-carboxylate:
4-chloropyridine-2-carbonyl chloride (leq) was suspended in anhydrous
tetrahydrofuran. Then 2 equivalents of a solution of 1 M potassium tert-butoxide was
added dropwise to the reaction slowly as the reaction was stirring under nitrogen. After
3-4 hours or when the reaction was determined to be complete by HPLC, the reaction was
evaporated under reduced pressure and diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was
washed with water followed by brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The
organic extracts were evaporated under reduced pressure to yield the ter/-butyl ester as a
yellow oil. MS: MH+ = 214.0.
Step 2. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-(4-amino-3-nitrophenoxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylate:
Solid anhydrous white powdered KHMDS (2eq) was suspended in a solution of
dimethylformamide. Red crystalline 4-amino-3-nitrophenol (1eq) was charged to the
rapidly stirring solution under an inert atmosphere and the heterogeneous solution was
allowed to stir for 2 hours. Then a dimethylformamide solution of tert-butyl 4-
chloropyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) was added drop wise. Anhydrous powdered
potassium carbonate (1.2eq) was charged to the reaction as an acid scavenger. The purple
colored viscous mixture was heated to 80°C for 12-15 hours until when it was determined
to be complete by HPLC. The reaction was evaporated under reduced pressure and
diluted with excess ethyl acetate and water. An extraction of the aqueous layer was made
with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were combined and washed 4 times with water
followed by brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and
evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash silica gel
chromatography using an eluent of 1:1 mixture of hexanes to ethyl acetate to give the
desired product. MS: MH+ = 332.
Step 3. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetylamino) phenoxy]
pyridine-2-carboxylate:
Trifluoroacetic anhydride (1eq) was slowly added dropwise to a solution of the
above amine in anhydrous methylene chloride under nitrogen. After 10-15 minutes or
until the reaction was complete as determined by HPLC, the reaction was quenched with
excess saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The product was extracted with methylene
chloride from the aqueous layer and washed with water and brine. The extracts were
dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the
title product as a yellow solid. MS: MET+ = 428.
Step 4. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifiuoro-N-methylacetylamino)
phenoxy] pyridine-2-carboxylate:
A solution of tert-butyl 4-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetylamino) phenoxy]
pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) and sodium carbonate (4eq) in dimethylformamide was
8stirred at 20°C under nitrogen for thirty minutes before 2 equivalents of iodomethane
(2eq) was charged slowly dropwise to the reaction. After 2-3 hours or until it was
determined to be complete by HPLC, the reaction was evaporated under reduced
pressure. The crude mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. The
organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced
pressure to afford the title product as an orange solid. MS: MH+= 442.
Step 5. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-[4-(methylamino)-3-nitrophenoxy]pyridine-2-
carboxylate:
A solution of tert-butyl 4-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methylacetylamino)
phenoxy] pyridine-2-carboxylate in ethanol was stirred at room temperature. 1N sodium
hydroxide was slowly, dropped into the reaction until the conversion was complete by
HPLC. The reaction was evaporated under reduced conditions and then extracted with
ethyl acetate and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride
followed by water and brine. The organic extracts were dried over anhydrous sodium
sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the product as an orange solid.
MS: MHT+ = 346
Step 6. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-
carboxylate:
A solution of tert-butyl 4-[4-(methylamino)-3-nitrophenoxy]pyridine-2-
carboxylate (1eq) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.1 eq) in methanol was stirred at room
temperature and flushed with nitrogen. Hydrogen was flushed through the reaction for
1-2 hours or until the reaction was determined to be complete by HPLC. Nitrogen was
flushed through the reaction for 15 minutes before the reaction was filtered through a
celite pad. The celite pad was washed with excess methanol followed by concentration
under reduced pressure to afford the product as a light yellow solid. MS: MH+ = 316.
Step 7. Synthesis of tert-butyl 4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy}pyridine-2-carboxylate:
A solution of the diamine from step 6 (1eq) and 4-bromophenyl isothiocyanate
(1eq) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen was stirred at 20°C for 2-3 hours or
when determined to be complete by HPLC. The solution was treated with 3 equivalents
of l-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide HC1. The stirred solution was heated
to 50°C under nitrogen for 2-3 hrs or until the reaction is determined to be complete by
HPLC. The reaction was evaporated under reduced pressure and then diluted with ethyl
acetate and water. The aqueous layer was back extracted with ethyl acetate. The
combined organic layers were washed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried
over anhydrous sodium sulfate and later evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude
material was purified by reverse high-pressure liquid chromatography to afford the
product as a brown powder after lyophlization. MS: MH+= 495.
Step 8. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino3-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yl-
oxy}pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
A solution of the product of step 7 in trifluoroacetic acid was treated with two
drops of water at room temperature for 3-4 hours or until the reaction was determined to
be complete by HPLC. The reaction was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the
product as a red-orange oil in quantitative yield. MS: MH+ = 439.
Step 9. Synthesis of 4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-
5-yl}oxy)-N-ethylpyridine-2-carboxaniide:
A solution of above (1eq) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (0.5 ml) was treated with
0-benzotriazol-1-yl N,N,N'N'-tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate (2eq), excess
diisopropylethyl amine, and ethyl amine (1eq). The reaction was left stirring under
nitrogen for 12-15 hours. The reaction was evaporated under reduced pressure and
diluted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed once with water and then'
evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by reverse high-
pressure liquid chromatography and recovered as TFA salt after lyophilization.
MS:MH+=466.
Examples 373-447
The compounds shown in the following Table 4 (Examples 373-447) were
prepared from following the procedure described for Example 372.
Potassium carbonate (9.00g) was dried in vacuo with heating, cooled to RT under
nitrogen. 4-amino-3-ntrophenol (3.355 g), 4-chioro-2-cyanopyridine (3.00 g) and
DMSAO (30 mL, anhydrous) were added. The system was stirred under nitrogen as it
was heated to 103°C, and held at this temperature 1 hr. The reaction was then cooled to
RT, poured onto ice/H2O (500 mL) the precipitate was collected, washed (H2O),
dissolved (EtOAc), dried (Na2SO4), filtered and stripped to a solid. This was suspended
(Et2O), collected, air-dried 4.1015 g (73.5%) a second crop was collected (0.5467 gm,
10%). M/z=257 (M+l)
Potassium carbonate (1.6g) .was dried in vacuo with heating, cooled to RT and
suspended in dichloromethane (30 mL) with 4-(4-amino-3-nitro-phenoxy)=puridine-2-
carbonitrile (2.005 gm) under nitrogen. This was cooled to 0°C and TFAA (2.2mL) was
added, neat. The starting material goes into solution rapidly as addition is made. After
l0 min at 0°C, the mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed (H2O, aq NaCl),
dried (K2CO3), filtered and stripped to a yellow foam. M/z=353 (M+l) The product was
used without purification.
Iodomethane (0.53 mL) was added to a suspension of potassium carbonate
(1.858 g) in DMF (30 mL containing compound 2 (~7.8 mmole) under nitrogen. The
suspension stirred at RT overnight, then poured onto H2O (300 mL), extracted (Et2O, 3x
150 mL), the combined extracts were washed (H2O, aq. NaCl), dried (potassium
carbonate), filtered and stripped to an orange oil (7.4922 g). M/z=367 (M+l)
NaOH (1 mL, IN aq) was added dropwise to a solution of N-[4-(2-cyano-pyridin-
4-yloxy)-2-nitro-phenyl]-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methyl7acetamide (440 mg) in ethanol (6 mL)
at RT. After 40 min, the mixture was diluted with H2O (20 mL) and cooled to 0°C.
Bright orange crystals were collected, washed (H2O) and air-dried 311.1 mg. (94%).
M/z=271 (M+l)
Palladium on carbon (46 mg 10% w/w) was suspended in MeOH (2 mL) under
nitrogen. The resulting suspension was added, under nitrogen, to a suspension of 4-(4-
methylamirio-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carbonitrile (311 mg) in MeOH (3mL) at RT.
The atmosphere was exchanged with hydrogen, and the system stirred vigorously under
1 atm hydrogen for 1 hr. The atmosphere was then exchanged for nitrogen, the mixture
was filtered (celite) and the filtrate was used without further purification in the next
reaction. M/z=2421 (M+l).
4-chlorophenylisothiocyanate (200 mg) was added to a solution of compound 5 in
MeOH (10 mL). The solution was stirred at reflux for 2 hrs. Iodomethane
(71 microliters) was added, and stirring continued at 67°C, overnight. The mixture was
then cooled to RT evaporated to dryness, and the residue chromatographed (0.5%
NH4OH, 5% MeOH, 94.5% dichloromethane on silica gel) to isolate a compound of
Rf=0.29 (325 mg). This was crystallized from dichloromethane/ether to give 127 mg.
M/z=376 (M+l)
H2SO4 (454 mg) was added cautiously to a suspension of 4-[2-(4-chloro-
phenylammo)-1-methyl-1H-benzoiniidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carbonitrile (60.0 mg) in
ethylenediamine (0.50 mL). The system was shaken at room temperature for 72 hrs, then
poured onto ice/NaHCO3. The solid product was collected, washed (H2O) air-dried
59.8 mg. M/z=419 (M+l).
Example 451
Synthesis of (4- {2-[(4-bromophenvl)amino]benzoxazol-
5-yloxv}-r2-pvridyl'))-N-methvlcarboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 2-amino-4-methoxyphenol
The mixture containing 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenol in methanol with catalytic
amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated until disappearance of yellow color to yield 2-
arnino^-methoxyphenol. MS:MH+=140.
Step 2. Synthesis of 5-mefhoxybenzoxazole-2-thiol
The mixture containing 2-amino-4-methoxyphenol(1eq) and O-ethylxanthic acid,
potassium salt (1.1 eq) in pyridine was refluxed for two hours. The resultant mixture was
poured in to ice/water containing hydrochloric acid to yield a 5-methoxybenzoxazole-2-
thiol as a tan solid. MS: MH+ = 182
Step 3. Synthesis of 2-chloro-5-methoxybenzoxazole
The mixture containing 5-methoxybenzoxazole-2-thiol was heated in thionyl
chloride with a drop of DMF. The resultant mixture was concentrated and partitioned
between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried and
concentrated. Purification on a silica gel column gave 2-chloro-5-methoxybenzoxazole
as a white solid. MS: MH+ = 184.
Step 4. Synthesis of (4-bromophenyl)(5-methoxybenzoxazol-2-yl)amine
The mixture containing 2-chloro-5-methoxybenzoxazole(1eq), 4-bromoaniline
(2eq) and diisopropylethylamine was refluxed in dimethylformamide. The resultant
mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic
layer was washed with brine and dried. Purification on silica gel gave (4-bromo-
phenyl)(5-methoxybenzoxazol-2-yl)amine. MS: MH+ =318
Step 5. Synthesis of 2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzoxazol-5-ol
The mixture of (4-bromophenyl)(5-methoxybenzoxazol-2-yl)amine and hydro-
bromic acid (48%) was subjected to the microwave at 150°C for 6mins to yield 2-[(4-
bromophenyl)amino]benzoxazol-5-ol. MS: MH+ = 305
Step 6. Synthesis of (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzoxazol-5-yloxy}-(2-
pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide
The mixture containing 2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]benzoxazol-5-ol (1eq),
potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (4eq), was stirred in dimethylformamide for 30 rnin at
room temperature. To this mixture was added (4-chloro(2-pyridyl)-N-methyl-
carboxamide (1eq) and Potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and microwaved for 6 mins at
150°C. The reaction mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate
and water. The organic layer was separated and washed with brine, dried, filtered and
concentrated. Purification on Prep LC yielded the desired product. MS: MH+ = 439.
The compounds shown in the following Table 5 (Examples 452-481) were
prepared from following the procedure described for Examples 449-451.
Example 482
Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]amino -1-methyl
benzimidazol-5-yloxv)(2-pvridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenylamino)-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridinr-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-ainino-4-(methylainino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 4-(dimethylamino)benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
The mixture was then concentrated and to it was added tetrahydrofuran and l-ethyl-(3-
dimethylaminopropy])carbodimidehydrochloride (2eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. tert-butyl4-(2-{[4-dimemylamino)phenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylate crashes out of the reaction mixture. To it in methylene
chloride was added trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight.
Resulting 4-(2-{[4-dimethylamino)phenylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MH+ -
403.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenylamino-1-methyl-
ben2imidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxainide:
To 4-(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)pheylainino)-1-methylbenziinidazol-5-yloxy)-
pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine
(2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-
(2-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]amino -1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-
pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide. MS: MH+ =498.
Example 483
Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenvl)amino-1-methyl
benzimida2ol-5-yloxvy)(2-pvridyl)1-N-(2-pyrrolidinvlethyl)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino]-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-ammo-4-(memylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 4-bromo-3-methylbenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
To it was men added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of tert-
butyl4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-memylphenyl]ammo)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-
carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added
trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight Resulting 4-(2-{[4-
bromo-3-methylphenylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MH = 452
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxarnide
To 4-(2- {[4-bromo-3-methylpheylamino)-1 -methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
pyridine-2-carboxylic acid(1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine"
(2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-
(2-{[4bromo-3-methylphenyl]amino -1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-
pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 549.
Example 484
Synthesis of [4-(2- {[2-fluro-5-ftrifluromethvl)phenyl)amino-1-methvl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxv)(2-pyridvl)1-N-(2-pvrrolidinvlethvl)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyI)phenyl)amino]-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-4-(methylamiao)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at
ambient temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by
LC/MS. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation
of tert-butyl4-(2- {[2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)phenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was
added trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-(2-
{[2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)phenylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MET+ = 446.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)phenyl)amino-1-
methylben2amidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide:
To 4-(2-{[2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)phenylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yl-
oxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinyl-
ethylamine (2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography
yielded [4-(2-{[2-fluro-5-(trifluromethyl)phenyl]amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 542.
Example 485
Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-flurophenyl)amino-1-methvl-
benzimidazol-5-vloxy)(2-pyridvl)1-N-(2-piperidylethvl)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-bromo-3-flurophenyl)ammo]-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 4-bromo-3-flurobenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of tert-
butyl4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-flurophenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-
carboxylate .was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added
trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight Resulting 4-(2-{[4-
bromo-3-flurophenylamino)-1-rnethylben2irnida2ol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MH+ = 456.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-flurophenyl)amino-1-methyl-
benzirnidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-piperidylethyl)carboxarnide:
To 4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-fluropheylammo)-1-methylbezimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-
2-carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-piperidylethylamine (2eq), HBTU
(2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature for 16 h. The
mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-(2-{[4-bromo-
3-flurophenyl]ammc)-1-memylberizimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-piperidylethyl)-
carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 567.
Example 486
Synthesis of 4-{1-methyl-2-r(4-methvlphenvl)amino-l -methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinvlethvl)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{l-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino]benzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl-[3-amimo-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridme-2-carboxylate (1eq)
in methanol was added 4-methylbenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of tert-
butyl-4-{1-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino)benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-
carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added trifluro-
acetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-{l-methyl-2-[(4-
methylphenyl)amino]benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was purified by
preparative chromatography. MS: MH+ = 374.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-{l-methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino-1-methyl-
ben2irmdazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-{1-memyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino]benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine (2eq),
HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature for
16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded 4-{l-
methyl-2-[(4-methylphenyl)amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-2(2-
pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxainide. MS: MH+ = 470.
Example 487
Synthesis of [4-(2- {[r4-ethylphenyl)amino-1 -methyl
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridvl)]-N-(2-pyrroIidinvlethvI)carboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-ethylphenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 4-ethylbenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS. To it was
then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of tert-butyl4-(2-
{[4-ethylphenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-carboxylate. was
followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added trifluroacetic acid and stirred
at. ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-(2-{[4-ethylphenylamino)-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was purified by preparative
chromatography. MS:MH+ =388.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-ethylphenyl)amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-(2-{[4-ethylpheylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine (2eq),
HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature for
16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-
(2-{[4-ethylphenyl]amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinyl-
ethyl)carboxamide. MS: MET+ = 484.
Example 488
Synthesis of [4-(2-{[3-(tert-butyl)phenyl)amino-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pvridyl)]-N-(2-piperidvlethyl)carbaoxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(3-(tert-buty])phenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 3-(tert-butyl)benzeneisotbiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of tert-
butyl4-(2-{[3-(tert-butyl)phenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-
carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added
trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight Resulting 4-(2-{[3-(tert-
buiyl)phenylainino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was
purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MH* =416.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[3-(tert-butyl)phenyl)amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-piperidylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-(2-{[3-(tert-butyl)phenylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-piperidylethylamine (2eq), HBTU
(2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature for 16 h. The
mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-(2-{[3-(tert-
butyl)phenyl]arruno-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-piperidylethyl)-
carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 512.
Example 489
Synthesis of r4-(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluromethyl)phenyl)amino-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxv)(2-pyridl)]-N-(2-piperidvlethvncarboxamide
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-chloro-3-(trifluromethyl)phenyl)amino]-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridme-2-.carboxylate (1eq) in
methanol was added 4-chloro-3-(trifluromethyl)benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at
ambient temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by
LC/MS. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation
of tert-butyl4-(2- {[4-chloro-3-(trifluromethyl)phenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine -2-carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was
added trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-(2-
{[4-chloro-3 -(trifluromethyl)phenylamino)-1-memylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MET+ =462.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-chloro-3-(trifluromethyl)phenyl)amino-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-piperidylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-(2-{[4-chlro-3-(trifuromethyl)pheylamino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
pyridine-2-carboxylic acid(1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-piperidylethylamine
(2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-
(2-{[4-chloro-3-trifluromemylphenyl]amino-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-
N-(2-piperidylethyl)carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 558.
Each of the compounds 490-626 listed below in Table 6, were synthesized as
indicated in fhe right hand column by the method described in one of the Examples 482-
489.
Example 627
Step 1. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]carbonylamino)-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide
A solution of sodium thiocyanate (1eq) in acetone was added slowly in to a
solution of 4-(chloromethyl)benzoylcbloride (1eq) in acetone at 0°C. The mixture was
then filtered in to a solution of {4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-
methylcarboxamide (1eq) in acetone. Formation of N-acylthiourea was followed by
LC/MS. The mixture was concentrated and taken in tetrahydrofuran and to it was added
l-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodimidehydrochloride (2eq) and stirred at ambient
temperature for 16 h. The mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was then dried and concentrated to yield [4-(2-{[4-
(chloromethyl)phenyl]carbonylammo)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-
methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+ = 449.
Step 2. Synthesis of N-methyl{4-[l-methyl-2-({4-[(4methylpiperazinyl)
methyl]phenyl} carbonylamino) benzimidazol-5-yloxy](2-pyridyl)}carboxamide.
To a solution of [4-(2-{[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]carbonylamino)-1-
methylben2imidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridy])]-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran
was added methylpiperazine (4eq) and stiired at ambient temperature for 16 h. The
reaction mixture was concentrated and purified on preparative chromatography to yield
N-methyl{4-[l-methyl-2-({4-[(4methylpiperazinyl) methyl]phenyl} carbonylamino)
benzimida2ol-5-yloxy](2-pyridyl)}carboxamide. MS: MIT+ =512.
Example 628
Step 1. Synthesis of N-methyl[4-(1-methyl-2-{2-{4-[(4-methylpiperazinyl)-
methylphenyl}-benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]carboxamide
To a solution of {4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-
methylcarboxamide (1eq) in tetrhydrofuran was added 4-(chloromethyl)benzoylchloride
(1eq) and triethylamine (2eq). N-acylation is completed in 0.5 h. The reaction mixture
was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was
concentrated and to the crude product was added methylpiperazine (4eq) and
tetrahydrofuran and stir for 16 h at ambient temperature. The reaction mixture was
concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was
concentrated and taken in acetic acid and heated to 60°C for 3 h. Preparative
chromatography yielded N-methyl[4-(1-methyl-2-{2-{4-[(4-methylpiperazinyl)methyl-
phenyl}-benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyI)]carb6xamide. MS: MH+ = 470.
Example 629
Step 1. Synthesis of 2-chloro-4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidine
Nitrogen was bubbled through a solution of 2,4-dichloropyrimidine (1eq) in
tetrahydrofuran and water (3:1) for 0.5 h. Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene
Palladium(II)chloride (0.05eq) followed by pyridine-3-boronic acid (1eq) and sodium
carbonate (3eq) was added and the mixture was heated to 60°C for 16 h under nitrogen.
The reaction mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
The organic layer was washed with brine and dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated.
Purification on silica gel gave 2-chloro-4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidine. MS: MH+ =190.
Step 2. Synthesis of 2-nitro-4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)phenylamine
A solution of 4-amino-3-nitro-phenol (1eq) and 2-chloro-4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidine
(1eq) in N,N-dimethylformamide was microwaved at 150°C for l0 mins. The reaction
mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was
concentrated and purified on silica gel to yield 2-nitro-4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-
yloxy)phenylamine. MS:MH+ =309.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzene-1,2-diamine
The mixture containing 2-nitro-4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)phenylamine in
methanol with catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated until disappearance of
yellow color to yield 4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzene-1,2-diamine. MS: MH +
=279.
Step 3. Synthesis of {4-[(4-methylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenyl}-N-[5-(4-(3-
pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzimidazol-2-yl]carboxamide.
A solution of sodium thiocyanate (1eq) in acetone was added slowly in to a
solution of 4-(chloromethyl)benzoylchloride (1eq) in acetone at 0°C. The mixture was
then filtered in to a solution of 4-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzene-1,2-diamine
(1eq) in acetone. Formation of N-acylthiourea was followed by LC/MS. The mixture
was concentrated and taken in tetrahydrofuran and to it was added l-ethyl-(3-
dimethylaminopropyl)carbodimidehydrochloride (2eq) and stirred at ambient temperature
for 16 h. The mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
The organic layer was then dried and concentrated to yield [4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]-N-
[5-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzimidazol-2-yl]carboxaniide. It was taken in
tetrahydrofuran and added methylpiperazine (4eq) and stirred at ambient temperature for
16 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified on preparative chromatography
to yield {4-[(4-methylpiperazinyl) methyl]phenyl}-N-[5-(4-(3-pyridyl)pyrimidin-2-
yloxy)benzimidazol-2-yl]carboxamide. MS: MH+=520.
Example 630
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-ethyl-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)methylpiperazine
To 4-(chloromethyl)-1-nitrobenzene(1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added
Ethylpiperazine (3eq) and stir for 16 h at ambient temperature. Concentrating and
passing through a plug of silica gave 4-ethyl-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)methylpiperazine. MS:
MH+ = 249
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-[(4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenylamine
The mixture containing .4-ethyl-1-[(nitrophenyl)methylpiperazine in methanol
with catalytic amount of 10%Pd7C was hydrogenated to yield 4-[(4-ethyl-
piperazinyl)methyl]phenylamine. MS:MH+ = 219.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-[(4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]benzeneisothiocyanate
To 4-[(4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenylamine in acetone at 0°C was added
sodium bicarbonate (2eq) and thiophosgene (2eq). The mixture was brought to ambient
temperature and concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was dried with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate and concentrated to
yield 4-[(4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]benzeneisothiocyanate. MS: MIT+ =261.
Step 4. Synthesis of [4-[(2-{[4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenyl]amino)-1-
methylbenzirnidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide
To 4-[(4-ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]benzeneisothiocyanate(1eq) in methanol was
added {4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq)
and heated to 60°C for 16h. Preparative chromatography yielded [4-[(2-{[4-
ethylpiperazinyl)methyl]phenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-
methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+ = 499.
Example 631
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-Ethyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine
To 4-fluro-1-nitrobenzene(1eq) in N,N-dimethylformamide was added Ethyl
piperazine (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethyl amine (2eq) and heated at 80°C for 16 h.
Concentrated the resultant mixture and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was then washed with brine and dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated.
. Passed through a plug of silica to yield 4-Ethyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine. MS: .MH+ =
235.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)phenylamine
The mixture containing 4-ethyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine in methanol with
catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated to yield 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)phenyl-
amine. MS:MH+ = 205.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)benzeneisothiocyanate
To 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)phenylamine in acetone at 0°C was added sodium
bicarbonate (2eq) and thiophosgene (2eq). The mixture was brought to ambient
temperature and concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was dried with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate and concentrated to
yield 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)benzeneisotbiocyanate. MS: MH+ = 247.
Step 3. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-ethylpiperazinyl)phenyl]amino)-1-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide
To 4-(4-ethylpiperazinyl)benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) in methanol was added {4-
[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq) and heated
to 60°C for 16 h. Preparative purification yielded [4-(2-{[4-ethylpiperazinyl)phenyl]-
amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MET+ =
485.
Example 632
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-(2-bromoethyl)-l -nitrobenzene
To 4-(2-bromoethyl)-1-nitrobenzene(1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added
morpholine (3eq) and stir for 16 h at ambient temperature. Concentrating and passing
through a plug of silica gave 4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethylmorpholine. MS: MET1" = 236.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)phenylamine
The mixture containing 4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]morpholine in methanol with
catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated to yield 4-(2-morpholin-4-
ylethyl)phenylamine. MS: MET1" = 206.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)benzeneisothiocyanate
To 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)phenylamine in acetone at 0°C was added sodium
bicarbonate (2eq) and thiophosgene (2eq). The mixture was brought to ambient
temperature and concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was dried with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate and concentrated to
yield 4(2-morphoIin-4-ylethyl)benzeneisotbiocyanate. MS: MET+ = 252.
Step 4. Synthesis of N-methyl[4-(1-methyl-2-{[4-(2-morpholin-4-
ylethyl)phenyl]amino}-benzimidazol-5-oxy)(2-pyridyl)]carboxamide
To 4(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) in methanol was added
{4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq) and
stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. The corresponding thiourea formation was
followed by LC/MS. To it was the added iodomethane(1eq) and heated to 60°C for 3h.
Concentration followed by preparative chromatography yielded N-methyl[4-(1-methyl-2-
{[4-(2-moipholin-4-ylethyl)phenyl]amino}-benzimidazol-5-oxy)(2-pyridyl)]carbox-
amide. MS: MH+ = 486.
Example 633
Step 1. Synthesis of [(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]benzylamine
To a solution of l-(4-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-one (1eq) and phenylmethylamine
(1eq) in methanol was added sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (1.2eq). The resulting
mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. The mixture was concentrated and
partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was concentrated and
preparative purification yielded [(4-nitrophenyl) ethyl]benzylamine. MS: MH + =256.
Step 2. Synthesis of [(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]benzylamine
The mixture containing [(4-nitrophenyl). ethyljbenzylamine in methanol with
catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated until disappearance of yellow color to
yield [(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]benzylamine. MS: MH + =226.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-{[benzylamino]ethyl}benzeneisothiocyanate
To [(4-nitrophenyl) ethyl]benzylamine in acetone at 0°C was added sodium
bicarbonate (2eq) and thiophosgene (2eq). The mixture was brought to ambient
temperature and concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was dried with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate and concentrated to
yield 4-{[benzylamino]ethyl}benzeneisothiocyanate. MS:MH+=268.
Step 4. Synthesis of N-methyl(4-{l-methyl-2-2[(4-{[benzylamino]ethyl}-
phenyl)anodno)benzimidazol-5-yloxy)-(2-pyridyl))carboxan]ide
To a solution of [4-(3,4-diaminophenoxy)(2-pyridyl))]-N-methylcarbox-
amide(1eq) in methanol was added 4-{[benzylamino]ethyl}benzeneisothiocyanate (1eq)
and heated to 60°C for 3h. Preparative chromatography yielded N-methyl(4-{l-methyl-
2-2-[(4-'{[benzylamino] ethyl}phenyl) amino)benzimidazol-5-yloxy)-(2-pyridyl))-
carboxamide. MS:MH+=506.
Example 634
Step 1. Synthesis of (5-fluro-2-nitrophenyl)methylamine
A solution of 5-fluro-2-nitrophenylamine (1 eq) in methylenechloride was treated
with trifluoroacetic anhydride (1eq) and stirred for 10 minutes at 0°C. The mixture was
quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated
and washed with water , brine, dried and evaporated. To the solution of the
trifluroacetamide (1eq) in a mixture of toluene, acetonitrile and sodium hydroxide
solution (50%) was added benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (1eq) and dimethyl sulfate
(1.2eq). The biphasic mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and evaporated.
The mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with water, brine, dried and
evaporated. The crude was purified by column chromatography eluting with 1:1 hexanes
and ethyl acetate to afford (5-fluro-2-nitrophenyl)methylamine. MS: MH+ =170.
Step 2. Synthesis of {4-[4-amino-3-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-
methylcarboxamide
The mixture containing 5-fluro-2-nitrophenylamine (1eq), Potassium
bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2eq) was stirred in dimethylformamide for 2 hours at room
temperature. To this mixture was added (3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq)
and Potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and stirred at 90°C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was
then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was
separated and washed with brine, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuum to give
brown solid. Purification on silica gel gave N-methyl{4-[3-(methylarnino)-4-mtro-
phenoxy](2-pyridyl))carboxamide. It was taken in methahol and hydrogenated with
catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C to give {4-[4-arninb-3-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-
pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+=272.
Step 3. Synthesis of (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-6-
yloxy)-(2-pyridyl)-N-methylcarboxarnide
A solution of the {4-[4-amino-3-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methyl-
carboxamide(1eq) in methanol was treated with 4 -bromophenylisothiocyanate (1eq) and
stirred at 60°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature
and iodomethane (1eq) was added and stirred overnight at 60°C. The reaction was
concentrated and preparative chromatography gave (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-.
memylbenzimidazol-6-yloxy)-(2-pyridyl)-N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+=452.
Example 635
Step 1. Synthesis of ((5-aminobenzimidazol-2-yl)(4-bromophenylamine)
A solution of the 4-nitrobenzene-1,2-diatnine in methanol was treated with 4-
bromo phenyl isothiocyanate (1eq) and stirred at 60°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture
was cooled down to room temperature and iodomethane (1eq) was added and stirred
overnight at 60°C. The reaction was concentrated and purified on silica gel to yield (4-
bromophenyl)(5-nitrobenzimidazol-2-yl)amine. The product was taken in methanol and
hydrogenated with catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C to give ((5-aminobenzimidazol-2-yl)(4-
bromophenylamine). MS:MH+=302.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino}benzimidazol-5-yl}arnino)-
(2-pyridyl_-N-methylcarboxamide
To a solution of ((5-aminobenzimidazol-2-yl)(4-bromophenylamine(1eq) in N2N-
dirnethylformarnide was added sodium hydride (2eq) and the mixture was microwaved
for 8mins at 220°C. The reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water and the organic layer was dried with sodium sulfate and concentrated. Preparative
chromatography yielded (4-({2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino}bcnzimida2ol-5-yl}aminoX2-
pyridyl_-N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MH + -437.
Example 636
Step 1. Synthesis of (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)rnethylJ-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)-(2-pyridyl))-N-mcthylcarboxamide
To 4-bromophcnyl acetic acid (1eq) in dichoromethane containing a drop of N,N-
dimethyl formamide at 0°C was added oxalyl chloride (1.2cq). The resulting mixture was
then brought to ambient temperature and stirred for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated
and to it was added tctrahydrofuran and [4-(3,4-diaminophcnoxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-
mcthylcarboxamidc (1eq) and triethyl amine (1eq) and stirred for 2 h. Formation of the
N-acylated product was followed by LC/MS. The mixture was concentrated and
partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried with sodium
sulfate and concentrated and taken in acetic acid and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Preparative
chromatography yielded (4-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxyH2-pyridyl))-N-mcthylcarboxamidc. MS: MH+ =451.
Example 637
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-({l-methyl-5-[2-{N-methylcarbamoyl)(4-pyridyI-
oxy))Jbenzimidazol-2-yl} amino)bcnzoic acid
To {4-{3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide
(1eq) in methanol was added 4-isothiocyanatobcnzoic acid (1eq) and stirred at 60°C for
3h. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 3h. and concentrated
the solvent and purified on silica gel to yield 4-({l-mcthyl-5-(2-(N-rnethylcarbamoylX4-
pyridyloxy))]benzimidazol-2-yl}arnino)benzoic acid. MS: MH+ -417.
Step 2. Synthesis of N-methyl[4-(1-mcthyl-2-{(4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)phenyl]-
amino-bcnzimidazol-5-oxyX2-pyridyl)]carboxamide CHIR-164277
To 4-({I-mcthyI-5-[2-(N-mcthylcarbamoyl)(4-pyridyloxy))]benzimidazol-2-yl}-
amino)bcnzoic acid (1eq) in tctrahydrofuran was added morpholinc (2eq) and N,N-
diisopropylethylamine(4eq) and HBTU(2cq) and stir at ambient temperature for 16 h.
The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was washed with brine and dried with sodium sulfatc. Preparative
chromatography gave N-methyl[4-(l-mcthyl-2-{[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)phenyl]-
amino-benzimidazol-5-oxyX2-pyridyl)]carboxamide. MS: MH+ - 529.
Example 638
Step 1. Synthesis of 3-({l-mcthyl-5- (2-(N-methylcarbamoyl)(4-pyridyloxy))]
benzimidazol-2-yl} amino) benzoic acid
To 4-[3-amino-4- (methylamino) phcnoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide
(1eq) in methanol was added 3-isothiocyanatobenzoic acid (1eq) and stirred at 60°C for
3h. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 3h and concentrated
the solvent and purified on silica gel to yield 3-({l-methyl-5- (2-{N-methylcarbamoylX4-
pyridyloxy))] benzimidazol-2-yl} amino)benzoic acid. MS: MH+ =417.
Step 2. Synthesis of N-mcthyl[3-(l-methyl-2-{[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)phenyl]-
amino-benzimidazol-5-oxyX2-pyridyl)]carboxamide
To 3-({ l-methyl-5-[2-(N-methylcarbamoyl)(4-pyridyIoxy))Ibcnzimidazol-2-yl}-
amino)bcnzoic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added morpholine (2eq) and N,N-
diisopropylethylamine (4eq), EDCI (2eq), HOAT(1.2cq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried with sodium sulfate.
Preparative chromatography gave N-methyl[3-(1-methyl-2-{[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)-
phcnyI]amino-benzimidazol-5-oxyX2-pyridyl)]carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 529.
Each of the compounds 639-698, listed in Table 7 were synthesized as indicated
in the right hand column by the method described in one of the Examples 627-638 or as
otherwise indicated.

Example 699
Step 1. Synthesis of {4-[2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-
pyridyl)} -N-methylcarboxamide
To a stirred solution of concentrated nitric acid (22eq) was added 2h-
benzo[d]l,3-dioxolane(1eq) at 0-10 °C for 0.5h and stirred for another 0.5h. To this
reaction mixture was then added concentrated sulfuric acid (0.06eq) drop-wise at 0-10C°
for 0.5h and stirred at 20C° for 0.5h. It was then poured on to crushed ice, and the
separated solid was filtered washed with water and dried to give 5,6-dinitro-2 h-
benzol[d]l,3-dioxalane. MS:MH+ 212
Step 2. Synthesis of methyl(6-nitro(2 h-benzo[3,4-d]l,3-dioxalan-5-yl)arnine
To a stirred solution of methyl amine in ether and ethanol (L.5:l) was added 5,6-
dinitro-2h-benzol[d]l,3-dioxalane and stirred at ambient temperature for 24h. The
solvent was evaporated under vacuum and the solid was washed with water and dried to
give methyl(6-nitro(2 h-benzo[3.4-d]l,3-dioxaln-5-yl))arnine. MS: MH+ 196
Step 3. Synthesis of 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol
To a stirred solution of methanol was added sodium metal (4.8 eq) slowly at
ambient temperature followed by methyl(6-nitro(2h-benzo[3,4-d]l,3-dioxalan-5-
yl))amine (1 eq) and stirred for 2 h. The mixture was then refluxed for 0.5h and diluted
with water. After cooling it to ambient temperature the separated solid was filtered and
dried to give 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol as a red solid. MS:MH+ 198
Step 4. Synthesis of {4-[2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-
pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide
To a stirred solution of 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol(1eq) in N,N-
dimethylacetamide was added potassium-t-butoxide (1.2eq) and continued stirring at
ambient temperature untilit solidified. To it was then added (3-chlorophenyl)-N-
methylcarboxamide (1eq) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (1eq) and the resulting
mixture was heated to 50°C whereby the solid liquified. It was then heated to 110°C for
12 h. After cooling to ambient temperature the solvent was distilled off and the resulting
solid was extracted using ethyl acetate in a soxhlet apparatus for 48h. the organic layer
was cooled to 0°C , when the product crystallized from the ethyl acetate to give {4-[2-
methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide.
MS:MH+ 332
Step 5. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-chlrophenyl)amino]-6-methoxy-l-methyl-
benzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-ammo-6-methoxy-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-
carboxylate(1eq) in methanol was added 4-chlorobenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stir at
ambient temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by
LC/MS. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation
of tert-butyl4-(2-{[4-chlorophenyl]amino)-1-methylbenzirnidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-
carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added
trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-(2-{[4-
chlorophenylammo)-6-methoxy--1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid was purified by preparative chromatography. MS: MH+ = 424.
Step 6. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-chlorophenyl)amino-6-methoxy-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-(2-{[4-chIoropheylamino)-6-methoxy-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
pyridine-2-carboxylic acid(1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine
(2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethyIamine (4eq) and stir at ambient temperature
for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and
water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography yielded [4-
(2-{[4-chlorophenyl]amio-6-memoxy-1-methylberizirnidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-
pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide. MS: MH+ = 522.
Example 700
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{2-[(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino]-6-methoxy-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4-[3-amino-6-methoxy-4-(methyIamino)phenoxy]pyridine-2-
carboxylate(1eq) in methanol was added 4-bromo-3-methylbenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq)
and stir at ambient temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was
followed by LC/MS. To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for
2 h. Formation of tert-butyl4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenyl]amino)-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine -2-carboxylate was followed by LC/MS. To it in
methylene chloride was added trifluroacetic acid and stirred at ambient temperature
overnight. Resulting 4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenylamino)-6-methoxy~l-
methylben2imidazol-5-yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was purified by preparative
chromatography. MS: MH+ = 482.
Step 2. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino-6-methoxy-1-
me&ylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyrrolidinylethyl)carboxamide
To 4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylpheylamino)-6-methoxy-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid(1eq) in tetrahydroruran was added 2-
pyrrolidinylethylamine (2eq), HBTU (2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethyIamine (4eq) and stir
at ambient temperature for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned
between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative
chromatography yielded [4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenyl]amino-6-methoxy-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-(2-pyn:oIidinylethyl)carboxamide. MS:
MH+ = 579.
Example 701
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{3-[3-(3-Isopropyl-phenyl)-thioureaido]-4-memylamino-
phenoxy}-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
To tert-butyl4- [3-araino-4- (methylamino) phenoxy] pyridine-2-carboxylate (1eq)
in methanol was added 3-isopropylbenzeneisotbiocyanate (1eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. Formation of the corresponding thiourea was followed by LC/MS.
To it was then added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 2 h. Formation of 4-{3-
[3-(3-Isopropyl-phenyl)-thioureaido]-4-methylamino-phenoxy}-pyridine-2-carboxylate
was followed by LC/MS. To it in methylene chloride was added trifluoroacetic acid and
stirred at ambient temperature overnight. Resulting 4-(2-{[4-bromo-3-methylphenyl-
amino)-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy) pyridine-2-carboxylic acid was purified by
preparative chromatography. MS: MH+ =437
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-[2-(3-Isopropyl-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylicacid) 2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-amide
To 4-{3-[3-(3-Isopropyl-phenyl)-thioureaido]-4-methylamino-phenoxy} -pyridine-
2-carboxylic acid (1eq) in tetrahydrofuran was added 2-pyrrolidinylethylamine (2eq),
EDCI (2eq), HOAT (1.2eq) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (4eq) and stir at ambient
temperature for 16 h. The mixture was then concentrated and partitioned between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was concentrated and preparative chromatography
yielded 4-[2-(3-Isopropyl-phenylaniino)-1-methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-
2-carboxylicacid)2rpyrrolidin-1-yl-ethyl)-amide. MS: MH+ =499.
Example 702
Step 1. Synthesis of 3-chloro-4-(2-methyl-5-nitrophenyl)pyridine
Nitrogen was. bubbled through a solution of 2-bromo-1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene
(1eq) in dimethoxyethane and water (3:1) for 0.5h. Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene
Palladium(II)chloride (0.05eq) followed by 3-chloro-4-pyridine boronic acid hydrate
(1eq) and sodium carbonate (3eq) was added and the mixture was heated to 90°C for 16 h
under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was concentrated and partitioned between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried with sodium
sulfate and concentrated. Purification on silica gel gave 3-chloro-4-(2-methyl-5-
nitrophenyl)pyridine. MS:MH+=248.
Note: The same procedure was used for Suzuki reaction between the
halopyridines and the nitrophenylboronic acids.
Boronic acids were synthesized using the following procedure if commercially
unavailable.
Step 1a. Synthesis of 2-fluropyridine boronic acid
A flame-dried flask was charged with toluene and tetrahydrofuran (4:1) and then
with 4-bromo-2-fluropyridine(1eq) and triisopropylborate (1.2eq) and the flask was
cooled to -70°C. Then n-butyllithium (1.2eq) was added dropwise over 0.5h and the
mixture was stirred for 0.5h at -70°C. The reaction mixture was then brought to -20°C
and 2N hydrochloric acid was added to it. Formation of 2-fluropyridine boronic acid was
seen by LC/MS on warming the mixture to ambient temperature. The mixture was
partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried with, sodium
sulfate and concentrated to yield 2-fluropyridine boronic acid. MS: MH+ =141.
Step 2. Synthesis of 3-(3-chloro(4-pyridyl)-4-methylphenylamine
To the mixture containing 3-chloro-4-(2-methyl-5-nitrophenyl)pyridine in acetic .
acid was added Fe dust (5eq) and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature
for 6h. To it was then added saturated sodium carbonate to bring it to neutral pH and
extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried with
sodium sulfate and concentrated and passed through a plug of silica to yield 3-(3-
chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylphenylamine. MS: MH+ = 218.
Step 3. Synthesis of 3-(3-chlro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylbenzeneisotbiocyanate
To 3-(3-chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylphenylamine in acetone at. 0°C was added
sodium bicarbonate (2eq) and thiophosgene (2eq). The mixture was brought to ambient
temperature and concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The
organic layer was dried with sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate and concentrated to
yield 3-(3-chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylbenzeneisotbiocyanate. MS: MH+ = 260.
Step 4. Synthesis of {4-(2-{[3-(3-chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylphenyl]amino)-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide
To 3-(3-chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylbenzeneisothiocyanate(1eq) in methanol was
added {4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide (1eq)
and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h. LC/MS shows
formation of the corresponding thiourea. To it in methanol was then added anhydrous
ferric chloride (1.5eq) and stirred for 3h. The reaction mixture was then concentrated to
half its volume and brought to neutral pH with 1N sodium hydroxide. It was then
extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic layer was washed with brine and dried with
sodium sulfate. The crude was then titurated with hot methanol to yield {4-(2-{[3-(3-
chloro(4-pyridyl))-4-methylphenyl]arnmo)-1-methylben2irnidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-
N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+ = 498.
Example 703
1. Synthesis of {4-[2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-
methylcarboxamide
To a stirred solution of concentrated nitric acid (22eq) was added 2 h-
benzo[d]l,3-dioxolane(1eq) at 0-10 °C for 0.5h and stirred for another 0.5h. To this
reaction mixture was then added concentrated sulfuric acid (0.06eq) drop-wise at 0-10C°
for 0.5h and stirred at 20C° for 0.5h. It was then poured on to crushed ice, and the
separated solid was filtered washed with water and dried to give 5,6-dinitro-2 h-
benzol[d]l,3-dioxalane. MS:MH+212
Step 2. Synthesis of methyl(6-nitro(2 h-benzo[3,4-d]l,3-dioxalan-5-yl)amine
To a stirred solution of methyl amine in ether and ethanol (1.5:1) was added 5,6-
dinitro-2h-benzol[d]l,3-dioxalane and stirred at ambient temperature for 24h. The
solvent was evaporated under vacuum and the solid was washed with water and dried to
give methyl(6-nitro(2 h-benzo[3,4-d]l,3-dioxaln-5-yl))amine. MS: MH+ 196
Step 3. Synthesis of 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol
To a stirred solution of methanol was added sodium metal (4.8 eq) slowly at
ambient temperature followed by methyl(6-nitro(2 h-benzo[3,4-d]l,3-dioxalan-5-
yl))amine (1 eq) and stirred for 2 h. The mixture was then refiuxed for 0.5h and diluted
with water. After cooling it to ambient temperature the separated solid was filtered and
dried to give 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol as a red solid. MS:MH+ 198
Step 4. Synthesis of {4-[2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-
pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide
To a stirred solution of 2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenol(1eq) in N,N-
dimethylacetamide was added potassium-t-butoxide (1.2eq) and continued stirring at
ambient temperature untilit solidified. To it was then added (3-chlorophenyl)-N-
methylcarboxamide (1eq) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (1eq) and the resulting
mixture was heated to 50°C whereby the solid liquified. It was then heated to 110°C for
12 h. After cooling to ambient temperature the solvent was distilled off and the resulting
solid was .extracted using ethyl acetate in a soxhlet apparatus for 48h. The organic layer
was cooled to 0°C, when the product crystallized from the ethyl acetate to give {4-[2-
memoxy^(methylainino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide.
MS:MH+332
Step 5. Synthesis of {4-[3-ammo-6-memoxy-4-(methylarnino)phenoxy](2-
pyridyl)}-N-methylcarboxamide
A solution of {4-[2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)-5-nitrophenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-
methylcarboxamide. In methanol was hydrogenated with 10%Pd/C. The catalyst was
filtered off and the solvent was concentrated to yield {4-[3-amino-6-methoxy-4-
(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyI)}-N-methylcarboxamide. MS.MH+: 302.
Step 6. Synthesis of (4-{2-[(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino)]-6-methoxy-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy}-(2-pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide
To a solution of {4-[3-amino-6-methoxy-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-
N-methylcarboxamide (1eq) in methanol was added 4-bromo-3-
methylbenzeneisothiocyanate (1eq) and stirred at 60°C for 2 h. Formation of thiourea
was followed by LC/MS. To it was added iodomethane (1eq) and heated to 60°C for 3h.
The mixture was concentrated and purified on preparative chromatography to yield (4-{2-
[(4-bromo-3-methylphenyl)amino)]-6-methoxy-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy}-(2-
pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide. MS:MH+ 496.

room temperature. To this mixture was added l-fluro-4-nitrobenzene (l.1eq) and
Potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and stirred at 80°C for 16 h. The reaction mixture was then
concentrated and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was
separated and washed with brine, dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuum to give
brown solid. Purification on silica gel methyl-5-(4-nitrophenoxy)pyridine-3-carboxylate.
MS:MH+ = 274.
Step 2. Synthesis of methyl5-[4-aminophenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate
The mixture containing methyl-5-(4-nitrophenoxy)pyridine-3-carboxylate in
methanol with catalytic amount of 10%Pd/C was hydrogenated to yield methyl5-[4-
aminophenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS: MH+ = 244.
Step 3. Synthesis of methyl-5-[4-(2}2,2-trifluroacetamino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate
A solution of methyl-5-[4-aminophenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate (1eq) in
methylene chloride was treated with trifluoroacetic anhydride (1eq) and stirred for 10
minutes at 0 °C. The mixture was quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution.
The organic layer was separated and washed with water, brine, dried and evaporated to
yield methyl-5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluroacetamino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS: MH+ =
340.
Step 4. Synthesis of methyl5-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluroacetylamino)phenoxy]-
pyridine-3-carboxylate
To a solution of methyl-5-[4-(2,2,2-trifluroacetamino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate in acetic acid and acetic anhydride(l:l) at 0°C was added nitric acid followed
by sulfuric acid. Followed the reaction by LC and once complete it was partitioned
between ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine and dried with sodium
sulfate and concentrated to yield memyl5-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluroacetylamino)phenoxy]-
pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS:MH+ = 385.
Step 5. Synthesis of methyl4-[4-(methylamino)-3-nitrophenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate
To the solution of the methyl5-[3-nitro-4-(2,2,2-trifluroacetylamino)phenoxy]-
pyridine-3-carboxylate (1eq) in a mixture of toluene, acetonitrile and sodium hydroxide
solution (50%) was added benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (1eq) and dimethyl sulfate
(1.2eq). The biphasic mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and evaporated.
The mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with water, brine, dried and
evaporated. The crude was purified by column chromatography to afford methyl4-[4-
(methylamino)-3-nitrophenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS: MH+ = 303.
Step 6. Synthesis of methyl5-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate
The mixture containing methyl4-[4-(amethylamino)-3-nitrophenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate was hydrogenated with 10%Pd/C to yield methyl5-[3-amino-4-
(methylamino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS: MH+ = 273.
Step 7. Synthesis of methyl5-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-
5-yloxy}pyridine-3-carboxylate
A solution of the methyl5-[3-amino-4-(methylarnino)phenoxy]pyridine-3-
carboxylate (1eq) in methanol (8 ml) was treated with 4-bromophenylisothiocyanate
(1eq) and stirred at 60°C - 65°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to
room temperature and methyl iodide (1eq) was added and stirred overnight at 60°C. The
reaction was cooled down to room temperature, evaporated, taken up in ethyl acetate and
washed with water and brine, dried, evaporated under reduced pressure. Column
chromatography yielded methyl5- {2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy}pyridine-3-carboxylate. MS: MH+ = 452
Step 8. Synthesis of (5-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-
yloxy)-(3-pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide
To a solution of methyl5-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)ainino]-1-methylbenzirnidaz6l-5-
yIoxy}pyridine-3-carboxylate in added methylamine and the resulting mixture was stirred
at ambient temperature for 16 h. It was then concentrated and purified by preparative
chromatography to yield (5-{2-[(4-bromophenyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)-
(3-pyridyl))-N-methylcarboxamide. MS: MH+ = 452.
Each of the compounds 705-746, listed in Table 8 were synthesized as indicated
in the right hand column by the method described in one of the Examples 699 or 700.
Each of the compounds 747-782, listed in the below table were synthesized as
indicated in the right hand column by the method described in one of the Examples 702
or 703 unless indicated otherwise.
Step 1. Synthesis of 2-(Dimethylamino-5-nitropyridine:
2-Chloro-5-nitropyridine (1.0 eq) and dimethylamine (2 M in EtOH, 4.6 eq) in
NMP were heated for 2 h at 100°C. The solution was then poured slowly into H2O. The
filtrate that formed was filtered and dried to give 2-(dimethylamino)-5-nitropyridine.
Step 2. Synthesis of 2-(Dimeuiylamino-5-arninopyridine:
A mixture of 2-(dimethylamino)-5-nitropyridine (1eq) and 5% palladium on
carbon (0.3eq) in ethanol was stirred at room temperature and flushed with nitrogen. The
reaction vessel was evacuated and purged with hydrogen three times. The reaction
mixture was left under an atmosphere of hydrogen overnight Nitrogen was flushed
through the reaction and then the reaction was filtered through a celite pad. The celite
pad was washed with excess ethanol before the solvent was removed by evaporation
under reduced pressure to afford 2-(dimethylamino)-5-aminopyridine.

Step 3. Synthesis of 2-(Dimethylamino)-5-isothiocynanate pyridine:
2-(Dimethylamino)-5-aminopyridine (1.0 eq) was taken up in acetone and cooled
to 0C. Thiophosgene (1.6 eq) was added dropwise and the reaction was stirred for 30
minutes at 0C before the excess thiophosgene and acetone were removed by evaporation
under reduced pressure.
Step 4. Synthesis of [4-(2-{[6-(dimethylamino)(3-pyridyl)]arnino}-1-
methylbenzimidazol-5-yloxy)(2-pyridyl)]-N-methylcarboxamide
A. solution of the {4-[3-amino-4-(methylamino)phenoxy](2-pyridyl)}-N-methyl-
carboxamide (1.1 eq) in methanol was treated with 2-(dimethylamino)-5-isothiocynanate
pyridine (1.0 eq) and stirred at 60°C for 2 hours. Methyl iodide (1eq) was added and
stirred overnight at 60°C. The reaction was cooled down to room temperature,
evaporated and purified by reverse phase HPLC. MS: MH+= 418.3
A solution of 1 (1eq) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.1 eq) in ethyl acetate was
stirred at room temperature and flushed with nitrogen. Hydrogen was flushed through the
reaction for 2-3 hours or until the reaction was determined to be complete by HPLC.
Nitrogen was flushed through the reaction for 15 minutes before the reaction was filtered
through a celite pad. The celite pad was washed with excess ethyl acetate and methylene
chloride before the combined organic solution was removed by evaporation under
reduced pressure to afford the product as a solid 2. MS: MH+ = 207
A solution of 2 (1eq) and sodium carbonate (1.5eq) in acetone was stirred under
nitrogen in an ice bath. Thiophosgene (1.5eq) was added drop wise over 30 minutes.
The reaction was stirred for another 30 minutes in the ice bath before being removed and
allowed to warm to RT. The reaction was stirred at RT for 1.5h before the reaction
solution was concentrated under vacuum. Toluene was added to the crude product and
removed under vacuum to azetrope off any residual thiophoisgene and afford the product
3. MS:MH+ = 249
A solution of 3 (l.0eq) and 4 (l.0eq) in MeOH was stirred at RT overnight.
Ferric chloride (1.2eq) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred overnight
at RT. The reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was
partitioned with EtOAc and water and filtered. The layers were separated and the
aqueous phase was neutralized (pH = 7) with saturated Na2CO3 solution. The resulting
aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed
with brine, dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated to give the desired product 5. MS: MH+ =
487
A solution of 5 (1eq), 6 (1eq), and sodium carbonate (1.2eq) in DME/H2O (3:1)
was degassed by bubbling argon through the solution for 10 minutes. Pd(II)(dppf)C12-
MeC12 (0.leq) was added to the reaction solution and the reaction was sealed. The
reaction was heated at 100°C overnight. The reaction was cooled to RT and ethyl acetate
and water were added. The organic layer was separated from the aqueous layer. The
aqueous layer was washed once more with ethyl acetate. The organic layers were
combined, dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated under vacuum to yield the desired product
7. MS:MH+ = 469
The reaction flask was flame dried and cooled under nitrogen. A solution of 8
(1.0eq) in THF was added to the reaction flask followed by triisopropyl borate (1.2eq).
The reaction solution was placed in a dry ice/acetone bath to stir at approximately -72°C.
N-butyl lithium (1.5eq, 2.5M solution in hexane) was added drop wise over 40 minutes.
The reaction solution was stirred for another 30 minutes in the dry ice/acetone bath. The
reaction solution was then transferred to a saturated NaCl/dry ice bath to stir at approx.
-25°C and stirred for 20 minutes before 2N HC1 (2.0eq) was added. The reaction solution
was then removed from the bath to stir and warm to RT. The organic and aqueous layers
were separated. The aqueous layer was washed once with ethyl acetate. The organic
layers were combined, dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated under vacuum to yield the
desired product 9. MS: MH+ = 141
Each of the compounds 785-802, listed in the below table were synthesized as
indicated in the right hand column by the method described in one of the Examples 783
or 784.
Step 1. 4-[2-(3-Isopropyl-phenylamino)-l -methyl- 1H-bcnzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-
pyridinc-2-carboxylic acid (2-phenylmcthancsulfonylamino-ethyl)-amide
To a mixture containing 4-[2-(3-Isopropyl-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-benzo-
imidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-amino-ethyl)-amide (1eq) (prepared
using previously described example 3), K2CO3 (5eq), (0.2 M in a 5:1 mixture of
acetonitrile and water) were added a-tolucncsulfonyl chloride (1 eq) via syringe. The
resulting heterogeneous mixture was allowed to stir for 1 hour at room temperature. The
mixture was then diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organics
were washed with water and a saturated solution of sodium chloride, dried with sodium
sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to viscous oil. Purification by chromatography yielded
4-(2-(3-Isopropyl-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1 H-bcnzoimidazol-5-yloxy)-pyridine-2-
carboxylic acid (2-phenylmethanesulfonylamino-cthyl)-arnide. MS: MH+ 599
The compounds shown in the following Table (Examples 804-812) were prepared
from following the procedure described for Example 803.
Step 1. 4-{2-(3-(l-Benzyl-1H- [1,2,3] triazol-4-yl}-phenyl amino]-1-methyl-1H-
ben2oimidazol-5-yloxy}-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl amide
To a mixture of 4-[2-(3-Eihynl-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yl-
oxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid mcthylamidc (1 eq)(prepared using previously described
example 2), benzyl azide (1eq) in t-butanol (0.1M) was added sodium ascorbatc (0.05cq),
and copper (11) sulfate pentahydrate (0.0 leq). The resulting mixture was allowed to stir
for 1 hour at room temperature. The mixture was then diluted with water and the solid
collect via suction filtration. MS: MH+ 531
Step 1. Synthesis of 6-Nitro-indolc-1-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester
To a stirring solution of 6-nitroindolc (1eq) in dichloromcthane (0.3M) and DMI;
(3.1M), was added di-t-butyl dicarbonate (2cq) followed by the addition of 4-(dimethyl
amino) pyridinc (1eq). Resulting solution was allowed to stir overnight at room
temperature. The dichJorotncthane was then removed on a rotovap and remaining
solution diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. Organics were washed with
10% citric acid solution, saturated solution of sodium chloride, saturated solution of
sodium bicarbonate, saturated solution of sodium chloride and dried with sodium sulfate.
F.thyl acetate was then removed in vacuo. Ethyl ether was then added and a brown solid
was collected by suction filtration to yield 6-Nitro-indole-1-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester.
MS: MH+263

Step 2. Synthesis of 6-Amino-2, 3-dihdro-indole-1-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester
6-Nitro-indole-1-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester (1eq) was dissolved in methanol
(0.1M), to this solution was added palladium on carbon (O.leq) in methanol under
nitrogen. A hydrogen atmosphere was then inserted and resulting mixture allowed to stir
for 3 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was then filtered through celite
and solvent removed in vacuo to afford 6-Amino-2, 3-dihdro-indole-1-carboxylic acid t-
butyl ester as a white solid. MS: MH+235

Step 3. Synthesis of 6-Isothiocyanate-2, 3-dihydro-indole-1-carboxylic acid t-
butyl ester
Thiophosgcne (1.1 eq) was added to a stirred suspension of 6-Amino-2, 3-dihdro-
indole-1-carboxylic acid t-butyl ester (1eq), sodium carbonate (10eq), and
dichloromethane: water 3:1 by volume at OoC. The resulting mixture was allowed to stir
for 2 hours at OoC. The mixture was diluted with water and organics separated and
washed with water, saturated solution of sodium chloride and dried with sodium sulfate,
solvent removed in vacuo to afford 6-Isothiocyanate-2, 3-dihydro-indolc-1-carboxylic
acid t-butyl ester as orange oil.
Step 4. Synthesis of 4-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-indol-6-ylamino)-l-methyl-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridinc-2-carboxylic acid methylamide.
To a solution of 4-(4-Methylammo3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
raethylamidc (lcq) in methanol (0.1M) was added palladium on carbon (0.1 eq) under
nitrogen. The atmosphere was exchanged for hydrogen (1 atm) and the resulting
suspension allowed to stir for 2 hours at room temperature. The mixture was filtered
through celite and added to 6-Isothiocyanate-2, 3-dihydro-indolc-1-carboxylic acid t-
butyl ester (1 eq). The resulting solution was allowed to stir overnight. Iron (III)
chloride(2 eq) in methanol was added and the solution turns deep red in color. This
solution was allowed to stir for 3 hours at room temperature. Methanol was then
removed in vacuo, the resulting oil was diluted with water and extracted with
dichloromethanc. Organics were washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution,
water, and saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with sodium sulfate. Solvent was
removed in vacuo. To the resulting oil was added toluene and heated to reflux, solution
was cooled to room temperature and a solid was collected after 3 days by suction
filtration to afford 4-(2-(2,3-Dihydro- lH-indol-6-ylamino)-l -methyl- lH-benzoimidazol-
5-yloxy]-pyridinc-2-carboxylic acid methylamide. MS: MH+415

Step 1. Synthesis of 4-{l-Methyl-2- (1-(4-morpholin-4-yl-butylry!)-2,3-(dihydro-
1 H-indol-6-ylamino]-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yloxy}-pyridinc-2-carboxylic acid methyl-
amide
To. mixture containing 4-[2-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-indol-6-ylamino)-1-methyl-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methylamide (1eq)(previously
prepared using example 1), EDCI (2eq), HOAT (1.2eq), DIEA (4eq) was added THF.
The mixture was- allowed to stir overnight at room temperature under nitrogen. The
mixture was then diluted with water, extracted with ethyl acetate. Organics were washed
with water, then saturated solution of sodium chloride and dried with sodium sulfate,
filtered and the solvent was removed in vacuo. Purification by chromatography yielded
4-{1-Methyl-2- [1-(4-morpholin-4-yl-butyhyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-6-ylamino]-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy}-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methylamide. MS: MH+ 570
The compounds shown in the following table (Examples 816-819) were prepared
from following the procedure described for Example 815.
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid:
A stirring solution of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid tert-butyl ester in trifluoroacetic acid was treated with two drops of water at room
temperature for 3-4 hours or when the reaction was determined to be complete by HPLC.
The reaction was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the product as a red-orange
oil. Addition of ethyl ether, sonication, and filtration captures the product as a light pink
solid. LCMS m/z 290.1 (MH+), tR = 1.71 min.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide:
To a suspension of the 4-(4-methylaminp-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid (1eq) in dry THF, EDC-HC1 (1.2eq), HOAT (1.2eq), and diisopropylethylamine (3
eq) were added. The suspension was stirred for 10 minutes whereupon 2,2-dimethyl-
oxazolidine (1.1eq) was added and the solution is allowed to stir overnight. The mixture
was then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. The aqueous layer was
washed with ethyl acetate, the organic layers combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered, and
concentrated. LCMS m/z 333.2 (MH+), tR = 2.1 min.
Step 3. 4-(3-Amino-4-methylamino-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-
hydroxy-ethyl)-amide:
A solution of 4-(4-methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-
hydroxy-ethyl)-amide (1eq) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.1 eq) in methanol was
stirred at room temperature and flushed with nitrogen. Hydrogen was flushed through the
reaction for 1-2 hours or until the reaction was determined to be complete by HPLC.
Nitrogen was flushed through the reaction for 15 minutes before the reaction was filtered
through a celite pad. The celite pad was washed with excess methanol before it was all
removed by evaporation under reduced pressure to afford the product as a light yellow
solid. LCMS m/z 303.2 (MH+), tR = 1.5 min.
Step 4. 4-[l-Methyl-2-(3-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenylamino)-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide:
A flask was charged with 3-(trifluoromethylthio)phenylisothiocyanate (1eq), 4-(3-
amino-4-methylarnino-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amide
(1eq), and MeOH. The reaction was maintained at rt overnight. Ferric chloride, (1.5eq)
was added and the resulting red reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction was
partitioned with EtOAc and water, and filtered through Celite. The layers were separated
and the aqueous phase was neutralized with saturated Na2CO3 solution. The resulting
aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the mixture was filtered through Celite.
The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was again extracted and filtered. The
combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4), filtered, and
concentrated to give a brown solid. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase
HPLC. LCMS m/z 504.1 (MH+),^R = 3.7 min.

Step 1. Synthesis of 4-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenylamino)-l -methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-5-
yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester:
-174-
A round bottom flask was charged with 4-fluorophenylisothiocyanate (1eq), 4-(3-
Amino-4-memylamino-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1eq), and
MeOH. The reaction was maintained stirring at room temperature overnight. Ferric
chloride, (1.5eq) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction
was partitioned with EtOAc and water, and filtered through Celite. The layers were
separated and the aqueous phase was neutralized with saturated Na2CO3 solution. The
resulting aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc and the mixture was filtered through
Celite. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was again extracted and
filtered. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO4,
filtered, and concentrated to give a brown solid. The crude residue was purified by
trituration in hot toluene to furnish the desired product LCMS m/z 435.6 (MH+), tR =
2.12 min.
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenylamino)-l -methyl-lH-benzoimidazol-5-
yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid:
A stirring solution of 4-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenylamino)-l -methyl-lH-benzoimidazol-
5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester in trifluoroacetic acid was treated
with two drops of water at room temperature for 3-4 hours or when the reaction was
determined to be complete by HPLC. The reaction was evaporated under reduced
pressure and then ether was added to the residue, which was then sonicated for 30
minutes. Filtration and washing with ether yields the desired acid in quantitative yield.
LCMS m/z 379.4 (MH+), tR = 1.74 min.
Step3. Synthesis of {5-[2-(lH-Benzoimidazol-2-yl)-pyridin-4-yIoxy]-1-methyl-
1 H-benzoimidazol-2-yl} -(4-fluoro-phenyl)-amine:
To a suspension of 4-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-benzoirnidazol-5-
yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (1eq) in dry THF, EDC-HC1 (1.2eq), HO AT (1.2eq),
and diisopropylethylamine (3 eq) were added. The suspension was stirred for 10 minutes
whereupon phenylenediamine (1.1 eq) was added and the solution is allowed to stir
overnight. The mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water. The
aqueous layer was washed with ethyl acetate, the organic layers combined, dried over
MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated. Acetic acid was added to the residue followed by
sodium acetate (1.1 eq). The mixture was heated for 3 hours at 70°C, whereupon the
solution is concentrated and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the
desired product. LCMS m/z 451.5 (MH+), tR = 1.92 min.
SYNTHESIS OF SIDE CHAINS
Ether Substituted phenylenediamines:

A flask is charged with 4-amino-3-nitrophcnoI 1 (1 eq), K2CO3 (2 eq), and
2-butanone. 1,3-dibroraopropanc 2 (1.5 eq) is added and the mixture is heated at 80°C
for 18 hours. After cooling, the mixture is filtered concentrated and water is added. The
solution is then extracted with CH2Cl2 (x3), the organic layer concentrated, and the solid
recovered washed with pentane to yield the desired product 3. LCMS m/z 275.1 (MH+),
R, 2.74 minutes.
, 2.74 minutes.
h
4-(3-bromopropoxy)-2-nitrophenylaminc 1 (1 eq) was heated to 70°C with
pyrrolidine 2 (5 eq) in McCN with Cs2CO3 (2 eq) and Bu4N1 (0.1 eq) for 48 hours. The
reaction mixture was cooled, filtered, and concentrated. The residue is dissolved in
CH2CI2, and washed with water. The organic layer is concentrated yielding the desired
product 3. LCMS m/z 266.2 (MH+), R, 1.51 minutes.
To a solution 2-Nitro-4-(3-pyrrolidinylpropoxy)phenylamine 1 in EtOH, Pd/C
(0.1 eq) is added. The reaction vessel is repeatedly purged (x3) with nitrogen, and then
stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere for 18 h. The product is filtered through a Celite
plug, and the plug washed with 25 mL of EtOH, to yield 2. LCMS 236.2 R, 0.94 min.
1. Synthesis of 2-Fluoro-3-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-6-nitro-phenylamine.
A solution of N-methylpiperazine (1.0 eq), NMP, triethylamine (3.0 eq) and 5,6-
difluoro-2-nitroaniline (1.0 eq) were heated at 90oC for 1 hour. The reaction was allowed
to cool to room temperature and then poured into water and let stand for 1 hour. The
resulting solid was collected and dried and utilized without further purification. MH+ =
255.3
2. Synthesis of 3-Fluoro-4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-benzene-1,2-diamine.
To a solution Synthesis of 2-fluoro-3-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-6-nitro-
phenylamine in EtOH, Pd/C (0.1 eq) is added. The reaction vessel is repeatedly purged
(x3) with nitrogen, and then stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere for 18 h. The product is
filtered through a Celite plug, the plug washed with 25 mL of EtOH, to yield the desired
diamine. LCMS 225.3 Rt 0.45 min.
4-Amino substituted phenylenediamines (a):
Synthesis of 5-(4-Mcthyl-piperazin- l-yl)-2-nitro-phenylaminc
A solution of N-mcthylpipcrazine (1.0 eq), NMP, triethylamine (3.0 eq) and 5-
fluoro-2-nitrophcnylaraine (1.0 cq) were heated at 90°C for 1 hours. The reaction was
allowed to cool to room temperature and then poured into water and let stand for 12
hours. The resulting solid was collected and dried and utilized without further
purification. MH+ = 237.3.
Synthesis of 4-{4-Mcthyl-pipcrazin-1-yl)-bcnzene-1,2-diamine:
To a solution 5-(4-Methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-2-nitro-phenylanunc in EtOH, Pd/C
(0.1 eq) is added. The reaction vessel is repeatedly purged (x3) with nitrogen, then stirred
under a hydrogen atmosphere for 18 h. The product is filtered through a Celite plug, the
plug washed with 25 mL of EtOH, to yield the desired diamine. LCMS 207.3 Rt 0.25
min.

Synthesis of 5-(4-Cyclopcntyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-2-nitro-phenylaminc
1. A solution of N-cyclopentylpiperazine (1.0 cq), NMP, triethylamine (3.0 cq)
and 5-fluoro-2-nitrophcnylaminc (1.0 cq) were heated at 90°C for 1 hours. The reaction
was allowed to cool to room temperature and then poured into water and let stand for 12
hours. The resulting solid was collected and dried and utilized without further
purification. MH+ = 291.4.
2. Synthesis of 4-(4-Cyclopentyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-benzene-1,2-diamine:
To a solution 5-(4-Cyclopentyl-piperazin-1-yl)-2-nitro-phenylaniine in EtOH,
Pd/C (0.1 eq) is added. The reaction vessel is repeatedly purged (x3) with nitrogen, then
stirred under a hydrogen atmosphere for 18 h. The product is filtered through a Celite
plug, the plug washed with 25 mL of EtOH, to yield the desired diamine. MH+ = 261.3.

Step 1. Synthesis of 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid dimethylamide:
A solution of 4-chloro-pyridine-2-carbonyl chloride (1eq) in dichloromethane was
cooled to 0°C, whereupon triethylamine (2eq) was added followed by dimethylamine
(2eq, 2M solution in THF). The solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and
let stir overnight. It was then washed with 1M NaOH. The separated organic layer is
dried over MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated to yield the desired product. HPLC, 1.82
min; MS: MH+= 185.6
Step 2. Synthesis of 4-(4-Amino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
dimethylamide:
A mixture containing 4-amino-3-nitrophenol (1eq) and potassium
bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (2eq) was stirred in dimethylformamide for 2 hours at room
temperature. To this mixture was added 4-Chloro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
dimethylamide (1eq) and potassium carbonate (1.2eq) and then it was stirred at 90oC for
3 days. The reaction mixture was then concentrated before partitioning between ethyl
acetate and water. The organic layer was separated, washed with brine, dried, filtered and
concentrated in vacuum to give brown solid. Purification by flash chromatography with
ethyl acetate and hexane (1:1) gave the desired product as a yellow syrup. HPLC, 1.69
min; MS: MH+ = 303.1.
Step 3. Synthesis of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid dimethylamide:
A solution of 4-(4-Amino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
dimethylamide (1eq) in methylene chloride was treated with trifluoroacetic anhydride
(1eq) and stirred for 10 minutes at 0°C. The mixture was quenched with satd. NaHCO3
solution. The organic layer was separated and washed with water, brine, dried, filtered
and evaporated. MS: MH+=399.0
To the solution of the trifluroacetamide (1eq) in a mixture of toluene, acetonitrile
and sodium hydroxide solution (50%) was added benzyltrimethylammonium chloride
(1eq) and dimethyl sulfate (1.2eq). The biphasic mixture was stirred overnight at room
temperature. The mixture was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with water, brine, dried
and evaporated. The crude was purified by flash chromatography eluting with 5%
methanol in dichloromethane to afford the desired product. HPLC, 2.14 min; MS: MH+
= 317.3
Step 4. Synthesis of 4-(3-Aminoo-4-methylamino-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid dimethylamide:
The solution of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid
dimethylamide in methanol was treated with 10% palladium on carbon and stirred under
hydrogen atmosphere for 3 hours, at room temperature. The mixture was purged with
nitrogen and then was filtered through celite and the filtrate was concentrated to provide
the diamine. HPLC, 1.17 min; MS: MH+ = 287.1
Step 5. Synthesis of 4-[2-(2,6-Difluoro-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-
benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid dimethylamide:
A solution of the 4-(3-Amino-4-methylamino-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-carboxylic
acid dimethylamide (1eq) in methanol was treated with 2,6-difluorophenylisothiocyanate
(1eq) and stirred overnight. To the reaction mixture, methyl iodide (1eq) was added and
stirred overnight at 60°C. The reaction was cooled down to room temperature,
evaporated, and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC. HPLC, 1.66 min; MS:
MH+ = 424.1
Each of the compounds 823-984, listed in the below table were synthesized as
indicated in the right hand column by the method described herein.
A flame dried 500 mL three-necked round bottom flask purged with N2 was
charged with LAH (2.32 g, 58.0 mmol) and dry THF (60 mL). The resulting suspension
was cooled to 0 °C and a suspension of t-butyl ester 1 (10.0 g, 29.0 mmol) in dry THF
(60 ml.) was slowly added while keeping the internal reaction temperature under 5 °C.
The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min then at rt for 30 min. After the reaction was
judged complete, the mixture was treated with successive dropwisc addition of water (2.3
mL), 10 % NaOH (2.3 mL), and water (7.2 mL). The resulting suspension was filtered
through Celitc, washed with ethyl acetate and methanol, and the collected organics
concentrated. The crude product was absorbed onto silica gel and purified by flash
chromatography (97: 3 CH2Cl2/MeOH) to give 2 as an orange solid: 1H NMR (300 MHz,
CDCl3) 5 8.40 (d, J= 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 8.05 (br s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J= 2.75 Hz, 1 H), 7.29 (d, J
= 2.75 Hz, 1 H), 6.92 (d, J = 9.35 Hz, 1 H), 6.75 (m, 2 H), 4.68 (s, 2 H), 3.07 (d, J = 5.23
Hz,3H).

A 250 mL reaction tube was charged with benzyl alcohol 1 (1.0 g, 3.6 mmol),
MnO2 (4.7 g, 54 mmol) and EtOAc (20 mL). The reaction tube was sealed was heated to
120 °C with stirring for 2 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt, then filtered through
Celite and washed successively with EtOAc, MeOH, and EtOH. The combine organics
were concentrated to give 936 mg (3.4 mmol, 94%) of 2 as an orange solid: 1H NMR
(300 MHz, CDCl3) 5 10.01 (s, 1 H), 8.64 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 1 H), 8.09 (br s, 1 H), 7.96 (d, J
= 2.75 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 (d, J= 2.48 Hz, 1 H), 7.29 (d, J = 2.75 Hz, 1 H), 7.08 (dd, J = 2.47,
5.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (d, J= 9.35 Hz, 1 H), 3.08 (d, J = 5.23 Hz, 3 H).

A 50 mL round bottom flask was charged with 1 (680 mg, 2.5 mmol),
hydroxylamine HC1 (191 mg, 2.75 mmol), pyridine (0.25 mL, 3.0 mmol) and ethanol (10
mL). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at rt overnight. The crude product was
concentrated, absorbed onto silica gel, and purified by flash chromatography ( 97: 3
CH2Cl2/MeOH to give 2 as an orange solid. LCMS m/z 289.2 (MH+), tR = 2.06 min.
A reaction tube was charged with suspension of 1 (330 mg, 1.15 mmol) and
Lindlar catalyst (245 mg, 10 mol %) in methanol (5 mL), sealed, and placed on a Parr
shaker. The reaction was pressurized with H2 (60 psi) and maintained for 1 h. The
reaction was filtered through Celite and the remaining solids were washed with MeOH.
The combined organics were concentrated to give 2 as a brown semi-solid which was
taken on without further purification.

A 5 mL round bottom flask was charged with 4-bromophenylisothiocyanate (54
mg, 0.25 mmol), diamine 1 (65 mg, 0.25 mmol), and MeOH (1 mL). The resulting
reaction was maintained at rt overnight. Methyl iodide (20 uL, 0.33 mmol) was added to
the reaction and stirred overnight. The reaction was concentrated and the resulting
residue was purifiedby reverse-phase HPLC. LCMS m/z 438.1 (MH+), tR = 1.87 min.
Example 986: Synthesis of O-methvl-oxime Series: 4-[1-Methyl-2-(4-
trifluoromethylsulfanyl-phenylanino)-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridine-2-
carbaldehyde O-methyl-oxime
Step 1. Synthesis of 4-(4-Methylamino-3-nitro-phenoxy)-pyridine-2-
carbaldehyde O-methyl-oxime

A 25 mL round bottom flask was charged with a suspension of 1 (600 mg,
2.2 mmol), methoxylamine HC1 (202 mg, 2.42 mmol), and pyridine (0.22 mL, 2.6 mmol)
in ethanol (9 mL). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at rt overnight. The crude
product was concentrated, absorbed onto silica gel, and purified by flash chromatography
(97: 3 CH2Cl2/Me0H) to give 2 as an orange solid. LCMS m/z 303.2 (MH*), & = 2.40
min.

A reaction tube was charged with a suspension of 1 (270 mg, 0.9 mmol) and
Lindlar catalyst (192 mg, 10 mol %) in methanol (5 mL), and was then placed on a Parr
shaker. The was reaction pressurized with H2 (60 psi) and maintained for 1 h. The
reaction was filtered through Celite and the remained solids were washed with methanol.
The combined organics were concentrated to give 2 as a brown semi-solid which was
carried forward without further purification LCMS m/z 273.3 (MH+), tR = 1.56 min.

A 5 mL round bottom flask was charged with 4-trifluoromethylthio-
phenylisothiocyanate (24 mg, 0.1 mmol), diamine 1 (27 mg, 0.1 mmol), and MeOH (0.5
mL). The reaction was maintained at rt overnight, after which methyl iodide (8 µL, 0.13
mmol) was added. After 16 h, the reaction was concentrated and the resulting residue was
purified by reverse-phase HPLC. LCMS m/z 474.3 (MH+), t/R = 2.42 min.

Synthesized as described in Example 986 step 3 using 4-bromophenyl
isothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 402.4 (MET+), t/R = 2.15 min.

Synthesized as described in Example 986 step 3 using 4-
ethylphenylisiothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 402.4 (MH4), t/R = 2.15 min.

Synthesized as described in Example 986 step 3 using 4-bromo-2-trifluoro-
methoxyphenylisothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 536.2 (MH4), tr = 2.38 min.
\
Synthesized as described in Example 986 step 3 using 2,4-
dimethylphenylisothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 402, (MH1"), tR = 2.07 min.
Example 991: Synthesis of Benzyl Alcohol Series: {4-[2-(4-Chloro-phenylamino)-1-
methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-pyridin-2-yl}-methahol
Step 1. Synthesis of [4-(3-Amino-4-methylamino-phenoxy)-pyridin-2-yl]-
methanol

A suspension of nitroaniline 1 (550 mg, 2.0 mmol) in methanol was sparged with
N2 for 20 min after which 10% Pd/C (106 mg, 0.1 mmol) was added. The reaction was
charged with H2 and maintained under a H2 atmosphere overnight at rt. The reaction was
sparged with N2 and filtered through Celite. The collected solids were washed with
EtOAc (3 X 50 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried (MgSO4) and
concentrated to afford 2, which was taken on without further purification.
Step 2. Synthesis of {4-[2-(4-Chloro-phenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-
5-yloxy]-pyridin-2-yl}-methanol.

A 5 mL round bottom flask was charged with 4-chlorophenylisothiocyanate (34 g,
0.2 mmol), diamine 1 (49 mg, 0.2 mmol), and MeOH (1 mL) and the resulting reaction
was maintained at rt overnight. Ferric chloride (16 mg, 0.1 mmol) was added and the red
reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction was partitioned with EtOAc and
water, the layers were separated and the aqueous phase was neutralized (pH = 7) with
saturated aqueous Na2CO3 solution. The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc. The
combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried, and concentrated to give a brown
solid. The reaction was concentrated and the resulting residue purified on reverse-phase
HPLC. LCMS m/z 381.3 (MH+), tR = 2.27 min.
To a stirring solution of 3-phenoxyaniline (185 mg, 1.0 mmol) in acetone (4.0
mL) at 0°C was added thiophosgene (0.23 mL, 3.0 mmol) and the resulting reaction
maintained for 30 min. The reaction determined complete by TLC (4 : 1 hexane/EtOAc).
The reaction was concentrated, azeotroped with toluene and taken on without further
purification.

A 1 dram vial was charged with a solution of 3-phenoxyphenylisothiocyanate (23
mg, 0.1 mmol), diamine 1 (27 mg, 0.1 mmol), and MeOH (0.5 mL) and the reaction was
shaken at rt overnight Methyl iodide (8 uL, 0.13 mmol) was added and the mixture
shaken overnight. The reaction was concentrated and the resulting residue purified on
reverse phase HPLC. LCMS m/z 466.3 (MH+), tR = 2.40 min.

Synthesized as described in Example 1014 step 2 using 4-
trifluoromethylthiophenylisothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 474.5 (MH+), tr = 3.76 min.

Synthesized as described in Example 1014 step 2 using 3-
trifluoromethylthiophenylisothiocyanate. LCMS m/z 474.5 (MH4), tR = 3.65 min.
Synthesized as described in Example 1014 step 2 using 4-1-isotbiocyanato-4-
methanesulfonyl-benzene, prepared- as in step 1. LCMS m/z 452.5 (MET+), tR = 2.86 min.
Synthesized as described in Example 1014 step 2 using 4-(2-isothiocyanato-4-
trifluoromethyl-phenoxy)-benzonitrile, prepared as in step 1. LCMS m/z 559.6 (MIT+), tR
= 4.22 min.
Synthesized as described in Example 1014 step 2 using 2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)-
5-trifluoromethyl-phenylisothiocyanate, prepared as in step 1. LCMS m/z 564.6 (MH+),
tR = 4.42 min.
A suspension of t-butyl ester 1 (496 mg, 1.0 mmol) in dry THF (3 mL) was added
to a stirring suspension of LAH (61 mg, 1.6 mmol) in dry THF (2 mL) at -78°C. The
reaction was allowed to warm to rt over 3 h. After the reaction was judged complete by
LCMS, water (30 ul, 1.7 mmol) and NaF (270 ing, 6.4 mmol) were added and the
resulting mixture was stirred vigorously overnight at rt The crude mixture was filtered
through Celite and the remaining solids were rinsed with EtOAc. The combined organic
portions were concentrated and a portion of the resulting residue was purified by reverse-
phase HPLC to furnish alcohol 2 as a TFA salt: lH NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8.56 (d,
J = 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
2 H), 7.33 (m, 3 H), 7.28.(dd, J = 2.2, 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.86 (app s, 2 H), 3.87 (s, 3 H);
LCMS m/z 425.1, tR =1.49 min.
Dry DMSO (0.1 mL, 1.4 mmol) was added to a solution of oxalyl chloride (0.11
mL, 1.3 mmol) in dry THF (2 mL) at -78 °C and the resulting solution was maintained at
-78 °C for 30 min. A solution of alcohol 1 in dry THF (2 mL) was then introduced and
the resulting reaction was maintained at -78 °C for 30 min, then at -50 °C for 45 min.
Triethylamine (0.5 mL, 3.6 mmol) was added and the reaction was allowed to warm to rt
over 1 h. The reaction was quenched with water and partitioned with EtOAc. The layers
were separated and the aqueous portion was extracted with EtOAc (3 X). The combined
organic phases were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. The resulting
residue was carried forward without further purification.
Methyl amine (0.3 mL, 0.6 mmol, 2.0 M in MeOH) was added to a solution of
aldehyde 1 in MeOH (1 mL) and the reaction was maintained at rt for 2 d. The reaction
was acidified by addition of acetic acid (pH = 3-4), and an excess of NaBH3CN was
added. The reaction was maintained for 2 d then concentrated. The crude reaction
mixture was dissolved in EtOAc and partitioned with aqueous saturated NaHCO3
solution. The layers were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3
X). The combined organic portions were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4, and
concentrated. The resulting residue was purified by reverse-phase HP.LC to afford N--
methyl amine 2 as a TFA salt: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 8 8.48 (d, J= 5.8 Hz, 1H),
7.72 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.67 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.43 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2 h), 7.20 (dd, J =
2.2, 9.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.19 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 2.2, 1 H), 6.90 (dd, J = 2.2, 5.8
Hz, 1 H), 4.27 (s, 2 H), 3.86 (s, 3 H), 2.76 (s, 3 H); LCMS m/z 438.5 (MH+), tR = 1.85
min.
The following tabulated benzyl amines were prepared by the above method as in
Example 1036 using the appropriate amine.
LAH (98 mg, 2.5 tnmol) was added portionwise to a stirring solution of oxime 1
(225 mg, 0.5 mmol) in dry THF (3 mL) at 0 °C. After addition, the cooling bath was
removed and the reaction was allowed to warm to it overnight. The reaction was
quenched by addition of water (0.1 mL), 10% w/w aqueous NaOH solution (0.1 mL), and
water (0.3 mL). The resulting slurry was stirred at rt for 1 h and filtered through Celite.
The remaining solids were rinsed with EtOAc and the organic portions were combined
and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by reverse-phase HPLC to provide
benzyl amine 2 as a TFA salt: LCMS m/z 424.1 (MH+), tR = 1.87 min.
Methyl chloroformate (6 uL, 0.08 mmol) was added to a solution of benzyl amine
1 (21 mg, 0.05 mmol) and triethylamine (69 uL, 0.5 mmol) in dry THF (1 mL) at 0 °C.
The reaction was maintained at 0°C for 20 min, then at rt for 2 h. The reaction mixture
was concentrated and purified by reverse-phase HPLC to provide methyl carbamate 2 as
a TFA salt: LCMS m/z 482.2 (MH+), tR = 1.96 min.
To a solution of benzyl amine 1(17 mg, 0.04 mmol) in dry NMP (2 mL) was
added triethylamine (0.06 mL, 0.4 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.04 mL, 0.4 mmol).
The resulting reaction was maintained at rt overnight and purified directly by reverse-
phase HPLC to furnish acetamide 2 as a TFA salt: LCMS m/z 466.3 (MH+), tR = 1.78
min.
Acid chloride 1 (2.12 g, 10 mmol) was treated with N-methylmorpholine (4.5 mL,
41 mmol) and iV-(3-aminopropyl)-pyrrolidinone 2 (1.6 mL, 11 mmol) in dry THF (40
mL). The reaction was maintained overnight and concentrated. The residue was
dissolved in EtOAc and partitioned with water. The aqueous portion was extracted with
EtOAc (3 X) and the combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried (MgSO4),
and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by Kugelrohr distillation (0.5 mmHg,
170-200°C) to provide 3.
Prepared as per Example 120b with the appropriate substitutions. Amide 3 can be
purified by flash chromatography (95:5 CH2Cl2-MeOH). It can also be further purified
by recrystallization from MeCN.
Prepared as per Example 120b .
Step -4: 4-[2-(3-Ethylphenylarnino)-l -methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-5-yloxy]-
pryidine-2-carboxylic acid [3-(2-oxo-pyrrolidin-yl)-propyl]-amide.
Diphenyl ether 2 was prepared using the method described in Example 120b: 1H
NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 8 7.98 (br s, 2 H), 7.75 (d, J= 3.0 Hz, 2 H), 7.29 (app d,J = 3.0
Hz, 1 H), 6.87 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 2 H), 3.05 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 6 H).

Tetramine 2 was prepared as per Example 120b: 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) 5
6.59 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2 H), 6.47 (dd, J= 2.8, 8.5 Hz, 2 H), 6.41 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 2 H), 3.40
(br s, 4 H), 3.06 (br s, 2 H), 2.84 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 6 H).

A suspension of 2,4 difluoronitrobenzene (15.9 g, 100 mmol) and postassium.
phthalimide (16.5 g, 100 mmol) was stirred in dry NMP (50 mL) for 3 d. The reaction
solution was poured into MTBE and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration.
The solids were washed with MTBE (3 X) and the mother liquor was extracted with
MTBE (3 X). The combined organic portions were washed with water (3 X) and
concentrated to furnish a yellow solid which was combined with the initial crop of
precipitate. The combined crude solid was purified by recrystallization from hot toluene,
and the crystals were washed with cold MTBE: !H NMR (300 MHz, d6-DMSO) d 8.31
(dd, J= 5.2, 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.98 (m, 4 H), 7.69 (dd, J = 2.8, 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (ddd, J =
1.7, 2.8, 7.7 Hz, 1H).

A mixture of formic acid (0.12 mL, 5.3 mmol) and acetic anhydride (0.24 mL, 2.5
mmol) was heated to 60 °C for 2 h. After allowing to cool to rt, a solution of aniline 1
(387 mg, 1.0 mmol) in dry THF (1 mL) was added and the reaction was maintained
overnight. The reaction was concentrated and the resulting crude residue was directly
used in the next step.

A solution of formamide 1 was treated with BH3-DMS solution (2.0 M in CH2C12,
0.5 mL, 1.0 mL) and the reaction was allowed to warm to rt overnight. The reaction was
concentrated and the resulting residue was dissolved in EtOAc. The solution was
partitioned with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution and the layers were separated. The
aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3 X) and the combined organics phases were
washed with brine, dried (MgSO4), adsorbed onto SiO2 and purified by flash
chromatography (4 : 1 hexanes-EtOAc) to furnish 2 as a colorless residue.
Hydrazine monohydrate (0.13 mL, 2.7 mmol) was added to a solution of
phthalimide 1 (134 mg, 0.39 mmol) in ethanol (4 mL). The reaction was maintained
overnight at rt and then was filtered through Celite. The filter cake was rinse with EtOAc
(3 X) and the organic portions were combined and concentrated to give diamine 2 which
was carried forward without further purification: LCMS m/z 215.1 (MH*), fa = 1.77 min.
Benzimidazole 2 was prepared as per Example 120b: 1H NMR (300 MHz,
CD3OD) 5 7.68 (app ddd, J = 2.9, 4.9, 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.53 (app d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.41
(app ddd, J = 2.9, 4.9, 8.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.40 (app ddd, J = 1.0, 2.0, 8.5 Hz, 2 h), 7.24 (app
ddd, J = 1.0,2.0, 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.07 (app dd, .J =2.2, 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.00 (app d, J = 2.2 Hz,
1 H), 7.00 (app ddd, J = 1.0, 2.0, 8.5 Hz, 2 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H); LCMS m/z 394.0 (MH+), tR
= 2.36 min.

A solution of Pd(OAc)2 (4.5 mg, 0.02 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (13.1 mg
0.05 mmol) in dry NMP (1 mL) was stirred at.rt for 20 min. Aryl iodide 1 (100 mg, 0.2
mmol), 3-furyl boronic acid (45 mg, 0.4 mmol), and triethylamine (0.11 mL, 0.8 mmol)
were added and the resulting solution was degassed and purged with Ar. The reaction
was heated to 100°C for 2 h; LCMS indicated no conversion. The reaction was allowed
to cool to rt under Ar and Pd(dppf)Cl2CH2Cl2 and diisopropylethylamine (0.14 mL) were
added. The reaction was heated to 100 °C and maintained overnight. The reaction was
allowed to cool to rt and LCMS indicated complete conversion. The reaction was
partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution and EtOAc and the resulting
mixture filtered through Celite. The remaining solids were washed with water and
EtOAc. The combined rinsings were partitioned and separated. The aqueous phase was
extracted with EtOAc (3 X) and the combined organic portions were washed with
96 well filtration plates: Millipore Immobilon 1 #MAIP NOB
Scintillation fluid: Wallac OptiPhase "SuperMix" #1200-439
Assay conditions
Raf approximately 120 pM
Mek approximately 60 nM
33P-ATP 100 nM
Reaction time 45-60 minutes at room temperature
Assay protocol
Raf and Mek were combined at 2X final concentrations in assay buffer (50 mM
Tris, pH 7.5, 15 mM MgCl2. 0.1 mM EDTA and 1 mM DTT) and dispensed 15 ul per
well in polypropylene assay plates (Falcon U-bottom polypropylene 96 well assay plates
#35-1190. Background levels are determined in wells containing Mek and DMSO
without Raf.
To the Raf/Mek containing wells was added 3 ul of 10X of a raf kinase inhibitor
test compound diluted in 100% DMSO. The raf kinase activity reaction was started by
the addition of 12 ul per well of 2.5X 33P-ATP diluted in assay buffer. After 45-60
minutes, the reactions were stopped with the addition of 70 ul of stop reagent (30 mM
EDTA). Filtration plates were pre-wetted for 5 min with 70% ethanol, and then rinsed by
filtration with wash buffer. Samples (90 ul) from the reaction wells were then transferred
to the filtration plates. The filtration plates were washed 6X with wash buffer using
Millipore filtration apparatus. The plates were dried and 100 µl per well of scintillation
fluid (Wallac OptiPhase "SuperMix" #1200-439) was added. The CPM is then
determined using a Wallac Microbeta 1450 reader.
Example 1117
ASSAY 2: Biotinvlated Raf Screen
In Vitro Raf Screen
The activity of various isoforms of Raf serine/threonine kinases can be measured
by providing ATP, MEK substrate, and assaying the transfer of phosphate moiety to the
MEK residue. Recombinant isoforms of Raf were obtained by purification from sf9
insect cells infected with a human Raf recombinant baculovirus expression vector.
Recombinant kinase inactive MEK was expressed in E. coli and labeled with Biotin post
purification. For each assay, test compounds were serially diluted in DMSO then mixed
with Raf (0.50 nM) and kinase inactive biotin-MEK (50 nM) in reaction buffer plus ATP
(1 uM). Reactions were subsequently incubated for 2 hours at room temperature and
stopped by the addition of 0.5 M EDTA. Stopped reaction mixture was transferred to a
neutradavin-coated plate (Pierce) and incubated for 1 hour. Phosphorylated product was
measured with the DELFIA time-resolved fluorescence system (Wallac), using a rabbit
anti-p-MEK (Cell Signaling) as the primary antibody and europium labeled anti-rabbit as
the secondary antibody. Time resolved fluorescence was read on a Wallac 1232 DELFIA
fluorometer. The concentration of each compound for 50% inhibition (IC50) was
calculated by non-linear regression using XL Fit data analysis software.
Using the procedures of Examples 1116 or 1117, the compounds of Examples 1-
1094 were shown to have a raf kinase inhibitory activity at an IC50 of less than 5 µM.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and
described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without
departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
WE CLAIM:

wherein, X1 and X2 are independently selected from =N-, -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
provided that if X1 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-, then X2 is =N-, or if X2 is -NR4-, -O- or -S-,
then X1 is =N-, and both X1 and X2 are not =N-;
Y is O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl,
polycyclic aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl,
heteroarylheteroaryl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl,
biarylalkyl, or heteroarylarylalkyl;
A2 is substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R1 is O or H, and R2 is NR5 R6 or hydroxyl; or R1 is taken together with R2 to
form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the
dashed line represents a single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino or alkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.
2. A compound of the formula (II):
wherein and Y is O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, polycyclic
aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl, heteroarylheteroaryl,
cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, biarylalkyl,
heteroarylarylalkyl;
A2 is substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R1 is O and R2 is NR5 R6; or R1 is taken together with R2 to form a substituted or
unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the dashed line represents a
single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen or loweralkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.

wherein X is NR4, O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, polycyclic
aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl, heteroarylheteroaryl,
cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, biarylalkyl,
heteroarylarylalkyl;
A2 is substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
R1 is O and R2 is NR5 R6; or R1 is taken together with R2 to form a substituted or
unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the dashed line represents a
single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen or loweralkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.
4. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein R1 is O and the
dashed line represents a single or double bond.
5. A compound of the formula (V):

wherein X is NR4, O or S;
A1 is substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, polycyclic
aryl, polycyclic arylalkyl, heteroaryl, biaryl, heteroarylaryl, heteroarylheteroaryl,
cycloalkylalkyl, heterocycloalkylalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, biarylalkyl,
heteroarylarylalkyl;
R1 is O and R2 is NR5 R6; or R1 is taken together with R2 to form a substituted or
unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl group; wherein, the dashed line represents a
single or double bond;
R3 is hydrogen, halogen, loweralkyl, or loweralkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen or loweralkyl;
R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen, and substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl,
heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl; or R5
and R6 are taken together to form substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclo or heteroaryl;
and
the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof.
6. A compound as claimed in Claim 1 wherein X1 is NR4.
7. A compound as claimed in Claims 3 or 5 wherein X2 is NR4.
8. A compound as claimed in Claims 6 or 7 wherein R4 is hydrogen.
9. A compound as claimed in Claims 6 or 7 wherein R4 is methyl.
10. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein A1 is selected
from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl,
phenylalkyl, pyridylalkyl, pyrimidinylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonylphenyl,
heterocyclylphenyl, heterocyclylalkylphenyl, chlorophenyl, flourophenyl, bromophenyl,
iodophenyl, dihalophenyl, nitrophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, alkylbenzoate,
alkoxyphenyl, dialkoxyphenyl, dialkylphenyl, trialkylphenyl, thiophene, thiophene-2-
carboxylate, alkylthiophenyl, trifluoromethylphenyl, acetylphenyl, sulfamoylphenyl,
biphenyl, cyclohexylphenyl, phenyloxyphenyl, dialkylaminophenyl, alkylbromophenyl,
alkylchlorophenyl, alkylflourophenyl, triflouromethylchlorophenyl,
triflouromethylbromophenyl indenyl, 2,3-dihydroindenyl, tetralinyl, triflourophenyl,
(triflouromethyl)thiophenyl, alkoxybiphenyl, morpholinyl, N-piperazinyl, N-
morpholinylalkyl, piperazinylalkyl, cyclohexylalkyl, indolyl, 2,3-dihydroindolyl, 1-
aceytl-2,3-dihydroindolyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl, hydroxyphenyl,
hydroxyalkylphenyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-ylalkyl, 4-amino(imino)
methylphenyl, isoxazolyl, indazolyl, adamantyl, bicyclohexyl, quinuclidinyl, imidazolyl,
benzimidazolyl, imidazolylphenyl, phenylimidazolyl, pthalamido, napthyl, benzophenone,
anilinyl, anisolyl, quinolinyl, quinolinonyl, phenylsulfonyl, phenylalkylsulfonyl, 9H-
flouren-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-ylalkyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylalkyl, pyrimidin-
5-ylphenyl, quinolidinylphenyl, furanyl, furanylphenyl, N-methylpiperidin-4-yl,
pyrrolidin-4-ylpyridinyl, 4-diazepan-1-yl, hydroxypyrrolidn-1-yl, dialkylaminopyrrolidin-
1-yl, l,4'-bipiperidin-r-yl, and (l,4'-bipiperidin-r-ylcarbonyl)phenyl.
11. A compound as claimed in Claim 5 wherein R1 is O and the dashed line
represents a double bond.
12. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R2 is NR5R6, R5
is hydrogen and R6 is selected from hydrogen, and substituted or unsubstituted alkyl,
alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, acyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl,
alkyloxyalkylheterocyclo, and heteroarylalkyl.
13. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R1 is taken
together with R2 to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl
group.
14. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R3 is hydrogen.
15. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R3 is
loweralkoxy.
16. A compound as claimed in Claim 15 wherein R3 is methoxy.
17. A compound of Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R4 is loweralkyl.
18. A compound as claimed in Claim 17 wherein R4 is methyl.
19. A compound as claimed in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein R1 is O, R2 is
NR5R6, R5 is H, and R6 is methyl.
20. A composition comprising an amount of a compound as claimed in Claims
1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 effective to inhibit Raf activity in a human or animal subject when
administered thereto, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
21. A composition as claimed in Claim 20 which optionally comprises at least
one additional agent for the treatment of cancer.
22. A composition as claimed in Claim 21 in which the at least one additional
agent for the treatment of cancer is selected from irinotecan, topotecan, gemcitabine, 5-
fluorouracil, leucovorin carboplatin, cisplatin, taxanes, tezacitabine, cyclophosphamide,
vinca alkaloids, imatinib, anthracyclines, rituximab and trastuzumab.
23. A composition as claimed in Claim 20 useful for inhibiting Raf kinase
activity in a human or animal subject.
24. A composition as claimed in Claims 20, 21 or 22 useful for treating a
cancer disorder in a human or animal subject.
25. A composition as claimed in Claims 20, 21 or 22 useful for treating a
hormone dependent cancer disorder in a human or animal subject.
26. A composition as claimed in Claim 25 wherein the hormone dependent
cancer is breast cancer or prostate cancer.
27. A composition as claimed in Claims 20, 21 or 22 useful for treating a
hematological cancer disorder in a human or animal subject.
28. A composition as claimed in Claims 24, 25, 26 or 27 wherein at least one
additional agent for the treatment of cancer is optionally included in the composition.
29. A composition as claimed in Claim 28 in which the at least one additional
agent for the treatment of cancer is selected from irinotecan, topotecan, gemcitabine, 5-
fluorouracil, leucovorin carboplatin, cisplatin, taxanes, tezacitabine, cyclophosphamide,
vinca alkaloids, imatinib, anthracyclines, rituximab and trastuzumab.
30. A composition comprising a compound as claimed in any of Claims 1
through 19 useful for the treatment of cancer.
New substituted benz-azole compounds of
formula (I), compositions and methods of inhibition of Raf
kinase activity in a human or animal subject are provided.
The new compounds compositions may be used either alone
or in combination with at least one additional agent for the
treatment of a Raf kinase mediated disorder, such as cancer.

Documents:

1433-KOLNP-2004-(29-03-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-(29-03-2012)-FORM-27.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-CERTIFIED COPIES(OTHER COUNTRIES).pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-CORRESPONDENCE 1.1.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-CORRESPONDENCE 1.2.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-FOR ALTERATION OF ENTRY.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-FORM 27.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-abstract.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-assignment.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-claims.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-correspondence.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-description (complete).pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-examination report.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-form 1.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-form 18.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-form 3.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-form 5.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-gpa.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-letter patent.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-reply to examination report.pdf

1433-kolnp-2004-granted-specification.pdf

1433-KOLNP-2004-PA.pdf


Patent Number 223046
Indian Patent Application Number 1433/KOLNP/2004
PG Journal Number 36/2008
Publication Date 05-Sep-2008
Grant Date 03-Sep-2008
Date of Filing 27-Sep-2004
Name of Patentee CHIRON CORPORATION
Applicant Address 45600 HORTON STREET, EMERYVILLE, CA
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 RENHOWE PAUL A 262 STETSON DRIVE, DANVILLE, CA 94506
2 RAMURTHY SAVITHRI 1151 MAGGIE LANE, WALNUT CREEK, CA 94597
3 AMIRI PAYMAN 1025 LIZANN DRIVE, LAFAYETTE, CA 94549
4 LEVINE BARY HASKELL 1142 BROWN AVENUE, LAFAYETTE, CA 94549
5 POON DANIEL J 415 LAGUNITAS AVENUE, APT. 103, OAKLAND, CA 94610
6 SUBRAMANIAN SHARADHA 1061 HARNESS CIR #30, SAN RAMON, CA 94583
7 SUNG LEONARD 118 AMHERSTCOURT, IRVINE, CA 92612
8 FANTL WENDY 35 HANCOCKSTREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94114
PCT International Classification Number A61K 31/41
PCT International Application Number PCT/US03/10117
PCT International Filing date 2003-03-31
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/369,066 2002-03-29 U.S.A.