Title of Invention

SHAVING CREAM COMPOSITION

Abstract A shaving cream composition comprising: (i) from 1% to 20% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and hydrocarbons in a relative weight ratio of about 5:1 to 1:5; (ii) from 0.5% to 25% of an anionic surfactant; (iii) from 0.05% to 20% of a C12-C24 fatty alcohol; (iv) from 5% to 40% of a hydrophobic emollient; wherein a total weight ratio of all hydrophobic emollients to all anionic surfactants present in the composition ranges from 50:1 to greater than 1:1 and the composition having a pH ranging from 6.7 to 9.5.
Full Text FORM - 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)
SHAVING COMPOSITION
HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED, a company incorporated under the Indian Companies Act, 1913 and having its registered office at Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai -400 020, Maharashtra, India
The'following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
original
139/mumnp/05

The invention relates to shaving compositions delivered as aerosols exhibiting enhanced foaming qualities.
Shaving is an inherently abrasive treatment of the skin. Cosmetic foams have been created to lubricate the cutting process. Lubrication markedly reduces the trauma induced by a razor.
Emollient ingredients of shaving creams are substantial contributors to reduction of irritation caused by the razor action.
Emollients have long been incorporated into cleansing compositions. For instance, U.S. Patent 5,002,680 (Schmidt et al.) discloses a mild skin-cleansing aerosol mousse. Nice skin feel after washing is imparted to the skin through a combination of mild surfactants, skinfeel polymers and high levels of moisturizing emollients. Similar skin cleansing compositions have been reported in U.S. Patent 6,407,044 B2 (Dixon) wherein a hydrocarbon propellant system was used to generate a cleansing foam.
A problem with use of high levels of emollients is that they depress foam formation often even collapsing the bubbles. Systems are needed which foam well despite the presence of high levels of emollient oils.

In a first aspect, there is provided a shaving cream composition which includes:
(i) from about 1 % to about 20 % of a propellant
comprising dimethyl ether and hydrocarbons in a relative weight ratio of about 5:1 to about 1:5; (ii) from about 0.5 % to about 25 % of an anionic surfactant;
(iii) from about 0.05 % to about 20 % of a C12-C24 fatty
alcohol; (iv) from about 5 % to about 40 % of a hydrophobic emollient; wherein a total weight ratio of all hydrophobic emollients to all anionic surfactants present in the composition ranges from about 50:1 to greater than about 1:1.
Now it has been found that a combination of factors can influence generation of a rich, long lasting shaving foam despite the presence of very high emollient levels. One factor is utilization of fatty alcohols which were found to interact with the surfactants to create small sustainable bubbles. Another factor is the use of dimethyl ether as at least one component of the propellant system. Fatty alcohol, dimethyl ether and the emollient all combine to provide a rich lasting foam that also delivers substantial emollient to the interface between skin and razor.
Accordingly, a first element of the present invention is that of a propellant. The propellant is present in amounts from about 1 % to about 2 0 %, preferably from about 3 % to

about 15 %,. optimally from about 5 % to about 10 % by weight of the composition. The propellant is a mixture of dimethyl
ether and a C3-C6 hydrocarbon. Suitable hydrocarbons
include n-butane', isobutane, n-propane, isopropane, n-pentane, isopentane and mixtures thereof. Amounts of the dimethyl ether and total hydrocarbon are present in a relative weight ratio ranging from about 5:1 to about 1:5, preferably from about 4:1 to about 1:4, optimally from about 2:1 to about 1:2, and most optimally from about 1:1 to about 1:1.5.
Another component of the present invention is that of one or more anionic surfactants. These will be present in amounts from about 0.5 % to about 25 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 15 %, more preferably from about 3 % to about 10 %, optimally from about 4 % to about 8 % by weight of the composition.
Anionic surfactants useful herein include: acyl isethionates, acyl sarcosinates, alkylglycerylether sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, acyl lactylate, methylacyl taurates, paraffin sulfonates, linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, N-acyl glutamates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alpha sulfo fatty acid esters, alkyl ether carboxylates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, alpha olefin sulphates, the alkyl ether sulfates (with 1 to 12 ethoxy groups) and mixtures thereof, wherein said surfactants contain C8 to C22 alkyl chains and wherein the counterion is preferably selected from the group consisting

of Na, K, NH4, N(CH2CH2,OH)3. Most preferred are lauryl ether sulfates.
Although soaps (i.e. salts of C10-C22 fatty acids) are often used in shaving formulations, these materials are relatively irritating to the skin. For purposes of this invention, amounts of the soap advantageously is limited to no more than about 10 %, ordinarily no more than about 2 %, and preferably less than 1 % or especially less than 0.1 % by weight of the composition. Similarly, unsaponified soaps
which are known as C10-c24 fatty acids advantageously can
also be avoided because of their acidity and foam inhibiting properties, particularly stearic acid. Levels of fatty acid, particularly stearic acid, is best held to less than 1 %, preferably less than 0.8 %, optimally less than 0.1 % by weight of the composition. Under some circumstances, an amine neutralized fatty acid such as triethanolammonium stearate can be employed, particularly at levels from about 0.2 % to about 1 % by weight.
Amphoteric surfactants may be included in compositions of this invention. Amounts may range from about 0.5 % to about 15 %, preferably from about 1 % to about 10 %, optimally from about 3 % to about 6 % by weight. Illustrative of the amphoteric surfactant are cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauroamphoacetates and diacetates, alkyl dimethylamine oxides and combinations thereof. Particularly preferred are combinations of anionic and amphoteric surfactants, especially present in relative weight ratios of total

anionic to total amphoteric surfactant ranging from about 10:1 to about 1:1, preferably about 3:1 to about 1.5:1.
The pH of the composition may range from about 4.5 to about 12.5. However, the pH is preferably near neutral and may range from about 6.5 to about 9.5, preferably from about 6.7 to about 8.5, optimally from about 7 to about 7.5.
Another component of compositions according to this present invention is a C12-C24 fatty alcohol. This material may be present in an amount from about 0.05 % to about 20 %, preferably from about 0.2 % to about 8 %, more preferably from about 0.5 % to about 5 %, optimally from about 1 % to about 3 % by weight of the composition.
Illustrative fatty alcohols include stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol and combinations thereof.
Hydrophobic emollients are an important component of the present invention. These materials may be present from about 5 % to about 40 %, preferably from about 8 % to about 3 0 %, more preferably from about 10 % to about 25 %, optimally from about 15 % to about 20 % total of hydrophobic emollient by weight of the composition.
Hydrophobic emollients may typically be in the form of natural oils (particularly vegetable oils), synthetic esters, hydrocarbons and silicone oils.

Natural-oils, include txiglycerides such as sunflower seed oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, canola oil, linseed oil, shea nut oil, palm oil, corn oil, babassu oil, peanut oil, sesame oil and combinations thereof. Chemically modified versions of vegetable oils may also be utilized. For instance, suitable may be brominated soybean oil and maleated soybean oil. Lanolin oils are another category of natural oils suitable for the present invention. Particularly useful is lanolin alcohol.
Suitable synthetic esters may include:
(1) Alkenyl or alkyl esters of fatty acids having 10 to 2 0 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl oleate, methyl palmitate, isoarachidyl neopentanoate, isononyl isonanonoate, oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate, and oleyl oleate.
(2) Wax esters such as beeswax, spermaceti wax and tribehenin wax.
(3) Sterols esters, of which cholesterol fatty acid esters are examples thereof.
(4) Sugar ester of fatty acids such as sucrose polybehenate and sucrose polycottonseedate.
Silicone oils may be divided into the volatile and non¬volatile variety. The term "volatile" as used herein refers to those materials which have a measurable vapor pressure at ambient temperature. Volatile silicone oils are preferably chosen from cyclic (cyclomethicone) or linear

polydimethylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 9, preferably
t
from 4 to 5, silicon atoms.
Non-volatile silicone oils useful as an emollient material include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers. The essentially nonvolatile polyalkyl siloxanes useful herein include, for example,
polydimethyl siloxanes with viscosities of from about 5 x 10
to 0.1 m /s at 25°C. Among the preferred nonvolatile emollients useful in the present compositions are the polydimethyl siloxanes having viscosities from about 1 x 10
-4 2
to about 4 x 10 m/s at 25°C.
Another class of non-volatile silicones are emulsifying and non-emulsifying silicone elastomers. Representative of this category is Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer available as Dow Corning 9040, General Electric SFE 83 9, and Shin-Etsu KSG-18. Silicone waxes such as Silwax WS-L (Dimethicone Copolyol Laurate) may also be useful.
Hydrocarbons which are suitable as hydrophobic emollients
include petrolatum, mineral oil, C11-C13 isoparaffins,
polyalphaolefins, and especially isohexadecane, available commercially as Permethyl 101A from Presperse Inc.
Advantageously the total weight ratio of all hydrophobic emollients to all anionic surfactants may range from about 50:1 to greater than about 1:1, preferably from about 30:1 to about 2:1, optimally from about 5:1 to about 1.5:1.

Hydrophil-ie emollients may also be included in compositions of this invention. These type are usually polyhydric alcohols which include glycerol, polyalkylene glycols and more preferably .alkylene polyols and their derivatives, including propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and derivatives thereof, sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerol, propoxylated glycerol and mixtures thereof. The amount of hydrophilic emollient may range anywhere from about 0.5 % to about 30 %, preferably between about 1 % and about 10 % by weight of the composition. When both hydrophobic and hydrophilic emollients are present they may range from about 20:1 to greater than about 1:1 in weight ratio.
preservatives may also desirably be incorporated into the compositions of this invention to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Preservatives which have more recently come into use include hydantpin derivatives, propionate salts, and a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds. Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. Particularly preferred preservatives are phenoxyethanol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate and benzyl alcohol.
The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of the composition and possible incompatibilities

between the preservatives-and other ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from 0.01 % to 2 % by weight of the composition.
Skin conditioners may be incorporated into compositions of this invention. For instance, these materials can be cationic polysaccharides and particularly cationic guar gums with number average molecular weights ranging from 1000 to 3 million; polymers formed from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; cationic polymers of dimethyl dialkyl ammonium salts and acrylic acids; cationic homopolymers of dimethyl dialkylammonium salts; cationic polyalkylene and ethoxy polyalkylene imines; polyethylene glycol of molecular weight from 100,000 to 4 million; and combinations thereof. Particularly suitable are sodium polyacrylate, hydroxyethyl cellulose and combinations thereof. Most particularly useful are quaternary materials identified by the CTFA names of polyquaternium-3, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11 and polyquaternium-24.
Most preferred is guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride sold as Jaguar C13S by Rhone Poulenc. Amounts of the conditioners may range from about 0.01 % to about 2 %, preferably from about 0.1 % to about 1 %, optimally from about 0.2 %to about 0.8 % by weight of the composition.
Sunscreen actives may be included in the compositions.
Particularly preferred are Parsol MCX®, Parsol 1789® and
benzophenone-3. Inorganic sunscreen actives may be employed such as microfine titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, polyethylene

and various other polymers. Amounts of the sunscreen agents when present may generally range from 0.1 % to 15 %, preferably from 2 % to 8 %, optimally from 3 % to 6 % by weight.
Anti-microbial agents which are intended for deposition onto body surfaces may also be formulated into the compositions. Illustrative are the aluminum salts including aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum zicronium tetrachlorohydrex glycinate, zinc phenosulfonate, chlorhexidine, hexetidine,
zinc citrate, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether
(triclosan) and 3,4,4r -trichlorocarbanilide (triclocarbon) .
Amounts of the anti-microbials may be utilized at levels from about 0.0001 % to about 15 %, preferably from about 0.1 % to about 5 % by weight.
Compositions of the present invention may include vitamins. Illustrative vitamins are Vitamin A (retinol), Vitamin B2,
Vitamin Bg, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Biotin. Derivatives of
the vitamins may also be employed. For instance, Vitamin C derivatives include ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside. Derivatives of Vitamin E include tocopheryl acetate, tocopheryl palmitate and tocopheryl linoleate. DL-panthenol and derivatives may also be employed. Total amount of vitamins when present in compositions according to the present invention may range from 0.001 %to 10 %, preferably from 0.01 % to 1 %, optimally from 0.1 % to 0.5 % by weight.

A variety of herbal extracts may optionally be included in compositions of this invention. Illustrative are green tea, chamomile, licorice and extract combinations thereof. The extracts may either be water soluble or water-insoluble carried in a solvent which respectively is hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Water and ethanol are the preferred extract solvents.
Colorants, fragrances, opacifiers and abrasives may also be included in compositions of the present invention. Each of these substances may range from about 0.05 % to about 5 %, preferably between 0.1 % and 3 % by weight.
Compositions of the present invention will contain water in amounts ranging from about 10 % to about 92 %, preferably from about 30 % to about 70 %, optimally from about 40 % to about 60 % by weight.
Hydrophobic emollients are delivered to the shaving surface by the composition in average droplet size ranging from about 0.00001 to about 350, more preferably from about 0.0001 to about 5, optimally from about 0.001 to about 1 microns in diameter.
The term "comprising" is meant not to be limiting to any subsequently stated elements but rather to encompass non-specified elements of major or minor functional importance. In other words the listed steps, elements or options need not be exhaustive. Whenever the words "including" or "having" are used, these terms are meant to be equivalent to "comprising" as defined above.

Except in the operating- and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material ought to be understood as modified by the word "about".
All documents referred to herein, including patents, patent applications and printed publications, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety in this disclosure.
Examples
The following examples will more fully illustrate the embodiments of this invention. All parts, percentages and proportions referred to herein and in the appended claims are by weight unless otherwise illustrated.
Examples 1-8
Shaving creams according to the present invention are detailed in the Table below.



The shaving creams outlined in the Table are packaged in an aerosol metal can fitted with a conventional aerosol spray-head with nozzle. Prior to use, instructions on the can request a user to thoroughly shake the combination before expressing the foam by pressing downward on the spray head. After the cream has been placed on a human face, underarm or legs, a razor is applied over the skin area to remove hair by cutting. These formulations are particularly suitable for legs and underarm.
Example 9
This Example evaluates the effect of different propellant mixtures on the quality of the foam. The formula detailed in the Table below was utilized for evaluations under this Example.

The formula of shaving cream outlined above was packaged in aerosol metal canisters fitted with a conventional aerosol spray head with nozzle. Each canister was also filled with a propellant in equal weight throughout. Identity of the propellant is found in the Table below. Samples were evaluated in a Compression (Squeeze) Test and measured for the Liquid Fraction of the foam.

Measurement of Liquid Fraction of Foam
Liquid volume fractions of foams were obtained by weighing a known volume of foam. The weight of the foam essentially can all be attributed to its liquid fraction as the remaining volume of foam consists of air. To measure the liquid fraction, foam was expelled from a sample canister into a plastic Petri dish having a volume of 5.2 ml. The level of the foam was carefully adjusted to the height of the dish with a metal spatula so that the foam was contained within the volume of the dish. The weight of the dish with the foam was recorded. After subtracting the weight of the dish, the weight of the foam was used to calculate the liquid phase volume. The weight of the foam is divided by the density of the formulation to obtain the volume of the liquid portion of the formula. The liquid fraction is then the volume of the liquid divided by the total volume of foam (in these tests, 5.2 ml). Samples were measured in triplicate.
Rheology of Foams - Compression (Squeeze) Test
The Compression Test measures the force required to compress the foam generated from a formulation expelled from a canister. Measurements were performed using a Rheometric Scientific ARES controlled strain rheometer (SR-5, Rheometric Scientific, Piscataway, NJ) . The rheometer was set up with parallel plates 50 mm in diameter with a gap of 2.0 mm between the plates. Foams were loaded between the parallel plates and then tests were formed using programmed extension mode which subjects the foams to an axial

deformation applied at a programmed rate. The foam samples were compressed- at controlled rate of 0.25 mm/second, brought back to initial state at a rate of 0.33 mm/sec and then extended at a rate of 0.25 mm/sec. Tests were performed at 25°C. The output is the normal force (grams) associated with the compression and extension of the foams.
Higher force values reflect a more rigid, better foam quality. When product is expelled from a canister, some is in gaseous form and some extrudes as a liquid. The greater the amount of liquid, the lower the foam quality.



Sample A was- found, to deliver., a-dead non-springy foam. This is evidenced by the relatively low compression test average of 210.3 g force. Samples B to E were able to be worked during hand washing and did not break into undesirable smaller segments of foam. The working ability is attributed to the relatively high level of liquid fraction. By contrast, Sample F was extremely fluffy, containing too much air and did not wash-off well from the skin. It is evident that such as in Samples B through E combinations of dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon are necessary to obtain a satisfactory shaving cream product.

WE CLAIM:
1. A shaving cream composition comprising:
(i) from 1% to 20% of a propellant comprising dimethyl ether and
hydrocarbons in a relative weight ratio of about 5:1 to 1:5; (ii) from 0.5% to 25% of an anionic surfactant; (iii) from 0.05% to 20% of a C12-C24 fatty alcohol; (iv) from 5% to 40% of a hydrophobic emollient;
wherein a total weight ratio of all hydrophobic emollients to all anionic surfactants present in the composition ranges from 50:1 to greater than 1:1 and the composition having a pH ranging from 6.7 to 9.5.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic emollient is selected from vegetable oil, petrolatum, a lanolin oil and combinations thereof.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the vegetable oil is selected from sunflower seed oil, soybean oil and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the ratio of dimethyl ether to hydrocarbon ranges from 2:1 to 1:2.
5. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the composition further comprises an amphoteric surfactant.
6. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the total weight ratio of all hydrophobic emollients to all anionic surfactants ranges from 5:1 to 1.5:1.

7. The composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims further comprising from 0.5% to 30% of a hydrophilic emollient.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 7 wherein the hydrophilic emollient is glycerol.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 7 wherein a weight ratio of all the hydrophobic to hydrophilic emollients ranges from 20:1 to greater than 1:1.
Dated this 17th day of February 2005

Dr. Sanchita Ganguli OfS.Majumdar&Co. Applicant's Agent

Documents:

139-mumnp-2005-cancelled page(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-claim(granted)-(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-claims(granted)-(17-5-2007).doc

139-mumnp-2005-correspondence(ipo)-(16-3-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-correspondence1(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-correspondence2(22-6-2005).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form 1(17-2-2005).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form 18(22-6-2005).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form 2(granted)-(17-5-2007).doc

139-mumnp-2005-form 2(granted)-(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form 3(17-2-2005).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form 5(17-2-2005).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form-pct-iper-409(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-form-pct-isa-210(17-5-2007).pdf

139-mumnp-2005-power of attorney(31-12-2003).pdf


Patent Number 211505
Indian Patent Application Number 139/MUMNP/2005
PG Journal Number 41/2008
Publication Date 10-Oct-2008
Grant Date 01-Nov-2007
Date of Filing 17-Feb-2005
Name of Patentee HINDUSTAN LEVER LIMITED
Applicant Address HINDUSTAN LEVER HOUSE 165/166, BACKBAY RECLAMATION, MUMBAI 400 020
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 MASSARO MICHAEL UNILEVER HOME & PERSONAL CARE USA, 40 MERRITT BOULEVARD, TRUMBULL, CONNECTICUT 06611,
2 BHATT DARSHANA UNILEVER HOME & PERSONAL CARE USA, 40 MERRITT BOULEVARD, TRUMBULL, CONNECTICUT 06611,
3 GOLDBERG JESSICA WEISS UNILEVER HOME & PERSONAL CARE USA, 40 MERRITT BOULEVARD, TRUMBULL, CONNECTICUT 06611,
PCT International Classification Number A61Q 9/02
PCT International Application Number PCT/EP2003/009383
PCT International Filing date 2003-08-21
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/408241 2002-09-05 U.S.A.