Title of Invention

SYSTEM FOR HOUSING CONSTRUCTION USING PREF ABRICATED COMPONENTS

Abstract

System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components which comprises of prefabricated components such as Footing to distribute the load on greater area of soil, on which Pedestal is placed to transfer the load from Column to Footing, wherein Solid wall panel providing connections between Columns of foundation level, is inserted thus forming foundation level construction; connector units capital receiving tie beam in horizontal direction and column in vertical direction which further receives hollow wall block forming walling level; beam for supporting slab units, slab and chicken mesh is laid for sealing the joints and serving as backing for flooring thus forming roofing and flooring level; extended columns providing passage for insertion of parapet blocks at parapet level.

Full Text

FORM - 2 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See section 10) "SYSTEM FOR HOUSING CONSTRUCTION USING PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS" GANDHI KIRAN KANAIYALAL, GANDHI RIDDHI KIRAN AND MEHTA KIRIT CHHABILDAS, ALL INDIAN NATIONALS, HAVING THEIR ADDRESS AT 8TH FLOOR, HARIKRUPA TOWER, B/D. GUJARAT COLLEGE, OLD SHARDAMANDIR ROAD, ELLISBRIDGE, AHMEDABAD - 380 006, GUJARAT STATE, INDIA. The following specification particularly describes the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:- This invention relates to system for housing construction using prefabricated components. This invention particularly relates to a system for housing construction using prefabricated components which offers various necessary and ample components to erect a construction. The present invention is introduced to unravel the problems associated with construction industry. Since beginning of civilization man has been continuously attempting to create a shelter that would provide him protection against devastating forces of the nature. Initially the stone, wood, leaves etc. were used. Gradually mankind started using mud, bricks, cement, concrete etc. but this traditional and so far contemporary method involves innumerable problems during construction process. Such as, 1. The dead load of the building resulting by the conventional method of construction is very high which limits the load bearing capacity of building with prefixed safety factor. 2. The traditional method of construction is labour intensive and calls for higher financial resources yet does not even provide consistent quality. 3. The laborers have their limitations and they may fall to meet the time limits. 4. In the traditional labour involved method, as the quality of workmanship differs from person to person, quality 2 standardization can not be achieved. Moreover, the wastage of materials is considerably high while handling and utilizing them manually. 5. The requirement on the construction sight such as, electricity, water supply, continuous transportation facility for raw material, residences for labours etc. is very high and costly especially in the case of remote area. In this type of circumstances slow and time consuming traditional process makes the cost of construction very high. 6. Expansion and renovation of the buildings made by the conventional process is very costly, time consuming, cumbersome and sometime not practicable. 7. The traditional method does not provide enough strength to the construction so that it can withstand against natural calamities such as tremors, earthquakes etc. 8. The conventional method which uses solid walls of bricks does not keep cool in summer and warm in winter. 9. The cost involved in some common steps for different sizes of construction such as constructing foundation, slab etc. remain same and very high. Thus this method is not feasible for small scale construction. 3 Objects of the invention: With the prime goal to provide a home to a common within his own means; the inventors have invented this innovative system for housing construction using prefabricated components for constructing any kind of structure by means of pre fabricated components such that the maker can erect the structure which fulfills his own requirements without help of specialized man, machinery or system. The further object of this invention is to provide a housing construction system by which minimum water, electricity and other facilities are consumed at the time of construction so that the system works as a boon at the places where the above resources are not available. The further object of this invention is to provide a solution of the problems associated at the time of expansion and renovation in the existing structure with the help of providing readily available components by simply replacing and expanding the structure which makes the task faster and cheaper. The further object of this invention is to reduce labor expenses and to formulate a complete solution for construction which is economical. The further object of this invention is to offer ready-to-use components which are manufactured at manufacturing unit as per the standards for construction which in turn provide less material 4 consumption and very less wastage of raw materials such as cement, concrete, water, electricity etc. The further object of this invention is to provide all the required components for construction of any kind of structure in ready-to-use form using which even unskilled persons can also erect strong, functional and decent structure quicker than ever. The further object of this invention is to offer a solution for construction which endow with quality in terms of strength of the structure as the components are made up of concrete along with great flexibility and adaptability of design with an aesthetic look. The further object, of this invention is to provide a housing construction which is capable of withstanding tremor, earthquakes etc. as the main load bearing elements like columns and joists are framed and tied adequately with each other and also the dead load being less attracts less seismic forces. The further object of this invention is to propose a housing construction which stays cool in summer and warm in winter due to usage of hollow blocks which makes it very suitable for any kind of weather condition. The further object of this invention is to reduce noise penetration in the structure using concrete wall units assembled in cellular manner without providing any insulating media which usually have short life and require continual maintenance. The further object of this invention is to reduce the dead load of the structure significantly by using hollow wall blocks instead of 5 solid wall being used in conventional method which improves the load bearing capacity of building with prefixed safety factor. The further object of this invention is to eliminate the use of special machinery, like crane for erection process. The further object of this invention is to offer all kind of roofing styles such as Flat, Sloping and Curved to fit in all kind of weather conditions. The further object of this invention is to provide standardized high quality nre fabricated components which offer adequate protection to the reinforcement embedded in it and prevent immature retirement of structure due to corrosion. Description of the Invention: This invention will now be described with reference to accompanying drawings where in: fig. A. B. C and D show perspective views of Footing, Column, Pedestal and Solid Wall Block respectively. fig F, F. G and H show perspective view of Capital CI, Capital C2, Tje-Beam and Hollow Wall Block respectively. pig I, 1 and K show perspective view of Joist (Beam), Slab Panel and Top Screed respectively. 6 Fig. L, M, N and O show perspective view of respectively. Fig. P, Q, R, S and T show Plan at Foundation Level, Plan at Plinth Level, Plan at Lintel Level, Plan at Slab level and Plan at Terrace Level respectively. Fig. U shows connection details at various level of construction. Fig. V, W, X, Y and Z show connection details below plinth level, between two wall units, at plinth level, between two columns and at roofing level. Fig. Zl shows cross sectional details of connections. Fig. Z2 shows front view of construction in respect of plans as shown in fig. P, Q, R, S and T. Fig. Z3 shows 3-D view of installed prefabricated components of housing construction system. The invention can be broadly divided in three levels: 1) Foundation Level 2) Walling Level 3) Flooring and Roofing Level 7 The prefabricated components used at Foundation level are footing (1), column (5), pedestal (8) and solid wall panel (10) as shown in Fig. A, B, C and D respectively. To distribute the load from column (5) to greater area of soil wider footing (1) is designed as shown in fig. A. The weight of footing (1) is optimized without compromising the strength by providing concrete ribs (4) on thin concrete slab. Nut (37) acting as reinforcement, is inserted between periphery holes (3) of footing (1) to keep the bending and shear stresses within permissible limits. Pedestal (8) is Inserted in axial hole (2) of footing (1). Column (5) is placed on pedestal (8) which is tied together with the help of clip (30). Dimensions of groove (7) of column (5) and projection (11) of Solid wall panel (10) are designed in such a way that solid wall panel (10) can be easily inserted and firmly fixed to the column (5). Pedestal (8) is anchored adequately by clip (30) to both upper and lower elements to prevent segregation due to soil movement. As the concrete is not suitable element for tensile stress, enough tensile and bending strength is provided to column (5) and pedestal (8) by inserting a steel bar (32) inside the axial hole (6) and axial hole (9) of the column (5) and pedestal (8) accordingly. Afterwards the steel bar (32) is grouted by concrete to act monolithic with the outer shell of concrete. The connections between components of foundation level are shown in Fig. V and Z1. 8 The prefabricated components used at Walling level are column (5), capital (12), Tie Beam (20) and hollow wall block (23). In this invention, the walling unit is a prefabricated hollow block (23) instead of solid brick. As normally the wall does not carry any load, it is useless to make it solid as made in traditional systems. Moreover, brick wall also increases the dead load of the system. The hollow wall block (23) as shown In the fig. H has lesser weight than brick yet more strength as it is made up of concrete. The hollow wall blocks (23) are inserted into columns (5). These consecutive wall blocks are bonded to one another using cement mortar mixture as shown in fig. W. Moreover, consecutive columns are fixed using cement mortar mixture as shown in fig. Y. Capita! CI (12) and Capital C2 (16) are connector unit designed for flexibility in connection of column units (5) with Tie-beams (20), beams (24). Capital CI (12) and Capital C2 (16) have central core matching the column section and projection in one to four sides to receive other elements in the desired direction. Capital CI (12) and Capital C2 (16) comprise of external connection holes (15) and external connection holes (19) respectively to connect additional components like weather sheds (28) etc. Tie beam (20) is used to provide adequate tying of structure at different levels such as flooring level, lintel level etc as shown in Fig. X and Zl. The H -shaped Tie - Beam (20) is hollow which allows passing the reinforcement steel bars (32) through it. These bars (32) are anchored in the column units (5) as shown in Fig. X and finally 9 embedded within cement mortar. As shown in Fig. X, the steel bar (32) is inserted through tie-beam (20) and capital (12) for providing required tensile and bending strength. The prefabricated components used at flooring and roofing level are beam (24), slabs (25) and chicken mesh (26) as shown in fig. I, 3 and K respectively..Slab units (25) are solid in structure and made up of cement concrete with adequate reinforcement as per standards depending up on the requirement. Beams (24) are used to support the slab units (25) and transfer the dead and live load to the column units (5). Beams (24) are of T- shape with end portion designed such that it can provide suitable connection with the capital CI (12) and capital C2 (16). Beams may be used of different lengths to opt for flexible room dimensions. Slab units (25) of shape cuboids are placed over beam (24) to cover the space of the floor area. Finally a layer of chicken mesh (26) is laid for sealing the joints and serving as backing for flooring as shown in fig. Z. Slab units (25) are reinforced to avoid cracking. The components used at parapet level are parapet block (31) and column (5) as shown in fig. O and fig. D respectively. The column units (5) are extended from roofing level to parapet level in which parapet blocks (31) are inserted horizontally which are further bonded with cement mortar mixture. 10 Fig.Z3 clearly shows how different components are placed at different levels and how the different components are connected as explained earlier. The above description with reference to the drawings is given only to understand the invention rather than to limit its scope. We claim: 1. System for housing construction using prefabricated components, which comprises: prefabricated components used at foundation level including footings to distribute the load on greater area of the soil, pedestals placed on the axial hole of the said footings, columns with grooves on sides placed on the said pedestals such that the central hole of the column align with the central hole of the pedestal to allow the passage of a steel bar through them and the said columns being anchored to the said pedestal adequately by clips, nuts acting as reinforcement being inserted between peripheral holes on footings and the columns, solid wall panels with projections at both ends which match with the dimensions of the grooves of the columns when inserted and firmly fixed to the columns; prefabricated components used at wall level including connector units named capitals with grooves at sides and bases at the bottom, the said capitals placed on the columns of foundation level, H shaped tie beams having projections at both ends so dimensioned to fit in to the groves of the said capitals, columns with grooves on sides placed on the said capitals such that the central hole of the column align with the central hole of the capital to allow the passage of a reinforcement steel bar through them , hollow wall blocks with projections at both ends so dimensioned to fit in to the grooves of the said columns when inserted and firmly fixed to the said columns and reinforcement steel bars passing through the hollow portion of the said tie beams and the capitals for required tensile and bending strength; prefabricated components used at floor and roof level including solid slab units made up of cement and concrete with adequate reinforcement, T shaped beam for supporting the said solid slab units, the said beams having projections at both ends so dimensioned to fit in to the grooves of the said capitals and layer of chicken mess for sealing the joints and serving as backing for floor and roof and columns extending beyond the roof level having passages for insertion of parapet blocks at parapet level. 2. System for housing construction using prefabricated components as claimed in claim 1, wherein the footing is provided 11 with concrete ribs on thin concrete slab to reduce its weight without compromising the strength, a nut inserted between periphery holes to work as reinforcement to keep the bending and shear stresses within permissible limit. 3. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as claimed in 1 wherein the column is made up of concrete having a central axial hole for provision of reinforcement bar, one to four groove of shape opposite to that of the projection of walling unit to receive hollow wall blocks. 4. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as claimed in 1 wherein a connector unit named as capital is provided with, a central core matching the column section, projections in one to four sides to receive other elements in desired direction and external connection holes on the periphery to connect additional components like weather sheds. 5. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as claimed in 1 wherein the tie beam is of H -shaped hollow structure allowing insertion of reinforcement steel bar and comprising of projections on both ends to allow itself to be inserted between two column units. 6. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as claimed in 1 wherein walling unit is a hollow 12 wall block made up of concrete is provided with projections on both ends to fit into column groove. 7. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as claimed in 1 wherein beam is of T shape having projections at both the ends to provide connection with connector units named as capital. 8. System For Housing Construction Using Pre-Fabricated Components as herein described and illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings. Dated this 13th day of March, 2001 (Y.J.TRIVEDI) Authorised Agent of the Applicant

Documents:

252-mum-2001-abstract (16-3-2001).doc

252-mum-2001-abstract (16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-cancelled pages(16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-claims(granted)-(16-3-2001).doc

252-mum-2001-claims(granted)-(16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-correspondence(19-2-2007).pdf

252-mum-2001-correspondence(ipo)-(28-3-2007).pdf

252-mum-2001-drawing (16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 1(10-3-2007).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 1(12-4-2004).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 13(26-8-2005).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 19(24-7-2003).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 2(granted)-(16-3-2001).doc

252-mum-2001-form 2(granted)-(16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 3(16-3-2001).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 4(11-3-2004).pdf

252-mum-2001-form 6(24-2-2005).pdf

252-mum-2001-power of attorney(16-3-2001).pdf

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