Title of Invention	METHOD FOR MONITORING A COMBUSTION PROCESS AND CORRESPONDING DEVICE
Abstract	A device for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of: a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process; above the bed is the region in which the flame is formed, during the combustion process; characterized by a sensor for measuring data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, Mz) of the combustion process taking place in a oven in order to convert a substance and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor; wherein SF the thermal radiation of the flame; SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB the calorific value of the fuel; Mz cement quantity.

Title of Invention

METHOD FOR MONITORING A COMBUSTION PROCESS AND CORRESPONDING DEVICE

Abstract

A device for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of: a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process; above the bed is the region in which the flame is formed, during the combustion process; characterized by a sensor for measuring data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, Mz) of the combustion process taking place in a oven in order to convert a substance and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor; wherein SF the thermal radiation of the flame; SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB the calorific value of the fuel; Mz cement quantity.

Full Text	2 The invention relates to a device for monitoring a combustion process having the features of the preamble of claim 1, and also a method for monitoring the combustion process having the features of the preamble of claim 4. DE 199 50981 Al has disclosed a rotary tubular oven for converting a substance, in which the method described in the introduction is used for cement production. In this case, spectroscopic data of the fired cement is determined, the intensity of which data, in particular with respect to calcium hydroxide, makes it possible to draw conclusions as to the clinker index (FCAO) as a measure of the quality of the cement. The present invention is based on the object of improving a method and a device of the type described in the introduction. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by a device having the features of claim 6. Further advantageous configurations form the subject matter of the sub claims. As a result of the fact that the input of heal into the bed is determined from the data recorded by the sensor and is used for quality determination, with the input of heal preferably being determined using the location-dependent thermal radiation of the flame and of the substance in the bed, it is possible to obtain a measure of the quality of the converted substance which is simpler to determine than the spectroscopic measurement. This is true in particular if the input of heat into the bed or the thermal radiation of the flame and of the bed are recorded optically, i.e. the camera arrangement which is in any case present for flame observation is used. The thermal radiation of the flame and of the bed are preferably normalized by means of the supplied 3 quantities of material and energy and used to control the combustion process by virtue of the normalized thermal radiations, at a defined temperature, as far as possible being kept in a constant relationship with respect to one another. The method and the device can be used for all conversion operations in which the conversion, firing, sintering or the like of the substance is dependent on the specific heat input, i.e. for example for the firing of cement or lime or in glassmaking. In the text, which follows, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of an exemplary embodiment. The interior of a cement oven designed as a rotary tubular kiln has a bottom region, which is referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed. During the combustion process, the finished cement is formed in the bed. Above the bed is the region in which, during the combustion process, the flame is formed. The thermal radiation SF of the flame, the thermal radiation SB of the cement formed in the bed, the thermal radiation S/, of the cement (clinker) after the flame and the thermal radiation Sw of the rotary tubular kiln wall are recorded at a plurality of locations and for a prolonged period of time by means of a plurality of thermal radiation sensors, for example a multichip CCD camera, a CMOS camera or a glass fiber camera with a plurality of glass fibers which are independent of one another, in each case with connected image processing, and the data is fed to a computer. The absolute values for the thermal radiation are then also normalized, specifically the thermal radiations SF and Sw of the flame 4 and the rotary tubular kiln wall using the quantity and quality of the fuel, i.e. the calorific value MB, and the thermal radiations SB and Sz of the bed using the quantity of clinker produced (cement quantity) MZ. A control performed by the computer, for example by means of a neural network, uses a function of these different normalized thermal radiations, i.e. f(S,/MB, Sw/MB, SB/MZ, SZ/MZ) wherein, SF represents the thermal radiation of the flame; SB represents the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz represents the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw represents the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB represents the calorific value of the fuel; Mz represents the cement quantity. The combustion process is controlled in such a way that at a defined temperature a relationship, which is as constant as possible, is maintained between these normalized thermal radiations. The difference between the normalized thermal radiation SF/MB of the flame and the normalized thermal radiation SB/MZ of the bed substantially determines the input of heat QB into the bed, i.e. the quantity of heat supplied to the bed. The FCAO value, which is a measure of the quality of the cement, is directly dependent on this (specific) heat input QB into the bed, in which context the quality may locally differ on account of the locally dependent nature of the input of heat QB. Therefore, the control of the combustion process is intended to achieve 5 the maximum input of heat QB into the bed. For this purpose, the computer controls various actuating devices which determine the control variables of the oven, for example the supply of air, fuel, lime and aggregates. 6 WE CLAIM: 1. A method for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of: a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein a substance arranged in the said bed of the oven is converted under the supply of heat by means of firing by a flame and the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process; above the bed is the region in which the flame supplying heat to the bed of the oven is formed, during the combustion process; characterized by a sensor which records the data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, MZ) of the flame and / or the said substance in the said bed which in turn determines the input of heat (QB) into the bed, used for quality determination as a result of thermal radiations (SF, Sw, SB, SZ) of the flame and of the bed and normalized by means of the supplied and / or produced quantities (MB, MZ) of the energy and material; and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor; wherein, SF represents the thermal radiation of the flame; SB represents the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz represents the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw represents the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB represents the calorific value of the fuel; MZ represents the cement quantity. 7 2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the computer controls the combustion process in the oven. 3. The device as claimed in claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a neural network is implemented in the computer for control purposes. 4. A method for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, in an oven, a substance arranged in a bed of the oven is converted under the supply of heat by means of firing by a flame, data (SF, Sw, SB, SZ, MB, Mz) of the flame and/or the substance in the bed being recorded by means of at least one sensor, and the input of heat (QB) into the bed is determined from the data (SF, Sw, SB, SZ, MB, MZ) recorded by the sensor and is used for quality determination, as a result of the thermal radiations (SF, SW, SB, SZ) of the flame and of the bed being recorded as data by the sensor and normalized by means of the supplied and/or produced quantities (MB, MZ) of energy and material, characterized in that to control the combustion process the input of heat (QB) into the bed is determined from the difference between the normalized thermal radiations (SF/MB, SB/MZ) of the flame and of the bed and is optimized at a defined temperature; wherein, SF the thermal radiation of the flame; SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB the calorific value of the fuel; Mz cement quantity. 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that to control the combustion process the normalized thermal radiations (SF/MB, 8 Sw/MB, SB/Mz, Sz/Mz), at a defined temperature are as far as possible held in a constant relationship with respect to one another. 6. The method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an existing camera arrangement is used as sensor to record the thermal radiations (SF, Sw, SB, Sz) of the flame and of the bed. 7. The method as claimed in one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that during the combustion process the flame is formed above the bed. A device for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of: a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process; above the bed is the region in which the flame is formed, during the combustion process; characterized by a sensor for measuring data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, Mz) of the combustion process taking place in a oven in order to convert a substance and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor; wherein SF the thermal radiation of the flame; SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed; Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame; Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall; MB the calorific value of the fuel; Mz cement quantity.

Full Text

2
The invention relates to a device for monitoring a combustion process having the features of the preamble of claim 1, and also a method for monitoring the combustion process having the features of the preamble of claim 4.
DE 199 50981 Al has disclosed a rotary tubular oven for converting a substance, in which the method described in the introduction is used for cement production. In this case, spectroscopic data of the fired cement is determined, the intensity of which data, in particular with respect to calcium hydroxide, makes it possible to draw conclusions as to the clinker index (FCAO) as a measure of the quality of the cement.
The present invention is based on the object of improving a method and a device of the type described in the introduction. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and by a device having the features of claim 6. Further advantageous configurations form the subject matter of the sub claims.
As a result of the fact that the input of heal into the bed is determined from the data recorded by the sensor and is used for quality determination, with the input of heal preferably being determined using the location-dependent thermal radiation of the flame and of the substance in the bed, it is possible to obtain a measure of the quality of the converted substance which is simpler to determine than the spectroscopic measurement. This is true in particular if the input of heat into the bed or the thermal radiation of the flame and of the bed are recorded optically, i.e. the camera arrangement which is in any case present for flame observation is used. The thermal radiation of the flame and of the bed are preferably normalized by means of the supplied

3
quantities of material and energy and used to control the combustion process by virtue of the normalized thermal radiations, at a defined temperature, as far as possible being kept in a constant relationship with respect to one another.
The method and the device can be used for all conversion operations in which the conversion, firing, sintering or the like of the substance is dependent on the specific heat input, i.e. for example for the firing of cement or lime or in glassmaking.
In the text, which follows, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
The interior of a cement oven designed as a rotary tubular kiln has a bottom region, which is referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed. During the combustion process, the finished cement is formed in the bed. Above the bed is the region in which, during the combustion process, the flame is formed. The thermal radiation SF of the flame, the thermal radiation SB of the cement formed in the bed, the thermal radiation S/, of the cement (clinker) after the flame and the thermal radiation Sw of the rotary tubular kiln wall are recorded at a plurality of locations and for a prolonged period of time by means of a plurality of thermal radiation sensors, for example a multichip CCD camera, a CMOS camera or a glass fiber camera with a plurality of glass fibers which are independent of one another, in each case with connected image processing, and the data is fed to a computer.
The absolute values for the thermal radiation are then also normalized, specifically the thermal radiations SF and Sw of the flame

4
and the rotary tubular kiln wall using the quantity and quality of the fuel, i.e. the calorific value MB, and the thermal radiations SB and Sz of the bed using the quantity of clinker produced (cement quantity) MZ. A control performed by the computer, for example by means of a neural network, uses a function of these different normalized thermal radiations, i.e. f(S,/MB, Sw/MB, SB/MZ, SZ/MZ)
wherein,
SF represents the thermal radiation of the flame;
SB represents the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed;
Sz represents the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame;
Sw represents the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall;
MB represents the calorific value of the fuel;
Mz represents the cement quantity.
The combustion process is controlled in such a way that at a defined temperature a relationship, which is as constant as possible, is maintained between these normalized thermal radiations.
The difference between the normalized thermal radiation SF/MB of the flame and the normalized thermal radiation SB/MZ of the bed substantially determines the input of heat QB into the bed, i.e. the quantity of heat supplied to the bed. The FCAO value, which is a measure of the quality of the cement, is directly dependent on this (specific) heat input QB into the bed, in which context the quality may locally differ on account of the locally dependent nature of the input of heat QB. Therefore, the control of the combustion process is intended to achieve

5
the maximum input of heat QB into the bed. For this purpose, the computer controls various actuating devices which determine the control variables of the oven, for example the supply of air, fuel, lime and aggregates.

6 WE CLAIM:
1. A method for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of:
a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein a substance arranged in the said bed of the oven is converted under the supply of heat by means of firing by a flame and the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process;
above the bed is the region in which the flame supplying heat to the bed of the oven is formed, during the combustion process;
characterized by a sensor which records the data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, MZ) of the flame and / or the said substance in the said bed which in turn determines the input of heat (QB) into the bed, used for quality determination as a result of thermal radiations (SF, Sw, SB, SZ) of the flame and of the bed and normalized by means of the supplied and / or produced quantities (MB, MZ) of the energy and material; and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor;
wherein,
SF represents the thermal radiation of the flame;
SB represents the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the
bed; Sz represents the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after
the flame; Sw represents the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln
wall;
MB represents the calorific value of the fuel; MZ represents the cement quantity.

7
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the
computer controls the combustion process in the oven.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a
neural network is implemented in the computer for control purposes.
4. A method for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, in an
oven, a substance arranged in a bed of the oven is converted under the
supply of heat by means of firing by a flame, data (SF, Sw, SB, SZ, MB,
Mz) of the flame and/or the substance in the bed being recorded by means
of at least one sensor, and the input of heat (QB) into the bed is
determined from the data (SF, Sw, SB, SZ, MB, MZ) recorded by the sensor
and is used for quality determination, as a result of the thermal radiations
(SF, SW, SB, SZ) of the flame and of the bed being recorded as data by the
sensor and normalized by means of the supplied and/or produced
quantities (MB, MZ) of energy and material, characterized in that to
control the combustion process the input of heat (QB) into the bed is
determined from the difference between the normalized thermal
radiations (SF/MB, SB/MZ) of the flame and of the bed and is optimized at
a defined temperature;
wherein,
SF the thermal radiation of the flame;
SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed;
Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame;
Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall;
MB the calorific value of the fuel;
Mz cement quantity.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that to control
the combustion process the normalized thermal radiations (SF/MB,

8
Sw/MB, SB/Mz, Sz/Mz), at a defined temperature are as far as possible held in a constant relationship with respect to one another.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an
existing camera arrangement is used as sensor to record the thermal
radiations (SF, Sw, SB, Sz) of the flame and of the bed.
7. The method as claimed in one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in
that during the combustion process the flame is formed above the bed.
A device for monitoring a combustion process, wherein, the device comprises of:
a cement oven whose interior is designed as a rotary tubular kiln having a bottom region, referred to as the bed, sintering zone or clinker bed wherein the finished cement is formed in the said bed during the combustion process;
above the bed is the region in which the flame is formed, during the combustion process;
characterized by a sensor for measuring data (SF, Sw, SB, Sz, MB, Mz) of the combustion process taking place in a oven in order to convert a substance and by a computer for evaluating the data recorded by the sensor;
wherein
SF the thermal radiation of the flame;
SB the thermal radiation of the cement formed in the bed;
Sz the thermal radiation of the cement (clinker) after the flame;
Sw the thermal radiation of the rotary tubular kiln wall;
MB the calorific value of the fuel;
Mz cement quantity.

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Patent Number

202622

Indian Patent Application Number

00516/KOLNP/2004

PG Journal Number

11/2007

Publication Date

16-Mar-2007

Grant Date

16-Mar-2007

Date of Filing

20-Apr-2004

Name of Patentee

POWITEC INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES GMBH

Applicant Address

IM TEELBRUCH 134B, 45219 ESSEN, DE

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	SCHMIDT, DIRK	SUEDRING 27, 45525 HATTINGEN, DE
2	BEYER, BERND	KIRCHFELDSTRASSE, 37, 45219 ESSEN, DE,
3	WINTRICH, FRANZ	BERKENBERG 25A, 45309 ESSEN, DE

PCT International Classification Number

F27B7/42

PCT International Application Number

PCT/EP 02/13899

PCT International Filing date

2002-12-07

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	DE 101 60 222.7	2001-12-07	Germany