Title of Invention

"A DETERGENT COMPOSITION"

Abstract Compositions and methods that utilize certain cellulosic based polymer or oligotner materials as fabric treatment agents which can impart fabric appearance and integrity benefits to fabrics and textiles laundered in washing solutions containing such materials. The cellulosic based polymer or oligomcr materials can be characterized by the following general formula: wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of RC, RH and Each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C4 alkyl. Each RC is The Degree of Substitution for group RH is between about 0.001 and 0.3, and the Degree of Substitution for group RC wherein Z is H or M is between about 0.2 and 2.0.
Full Text TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a detarget composition , in cither liquid or granular form, for use in laundry
applications, wherein the compositions comprise certain cdlulosic based polymer or oligomer materials which impart appearance and integrity benefits to fabrics and textiles laundered in washing solutions formed from such compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is, of course, well known that alternating cycles of using and laundering fabrics and textiles, such as articles of worn clothing and apparel, will inevitably adversely affect the appearance and integrity of the fabric and textile items so used and laundered. Fabrics and textiles simply wear out over time and with use. Laundering of fabrics and textiles, is necessary to remove soils and stains which accumulate therein and thereon during ordinary use. However, the laundering operation itself, over many cycles, can accentuate and contribute to the deterioration of the integrity and the appearance of such fabrics and textiles.
Deterioration of febric integrity and appearance can manifest itself in several ways. Short fibers arc dislodged from woven and knit fabric/textile structures by the mechanical action of laundering. These dislodged fibers may form lint, fuzz or "pills" which arc visible on the surface of fabrics and diminish the appearance of newness of the fabric. Further, repeated laundering of fabrics and textiles, especially with bleach-containing laundry products, can remove dye from fabrics and textiles and impart a faded, worn out appearance as a result of diminished color intensity, and in many cases, as a result of changes in hues or shades of color.
Given the foregoing, there is clearly an ongoing need to identify materials which could be added to
laundry detergent products that would associate themselves with the fibers of the fabrics-arid textiles laundered using such detergent products and thereby reduce or minimize the tendency of the laundered fabric/textiles to deteriorate in appearance. Any such detergent product additive material should, of course be able to benefit fabric appearance and integrity without unduly interfering with the ability of the laundry detergent to perform its fabric cleaning function. The present invention is directed to the use of cellulo based polymer or oligomer materials in laundry applications which perform in this desired manner.
SUMMARY OF THE IN VENTION
Ccllulosic based polymer or oligomer materials which are suitable for use in laundry operations and provide the desired fabric appearance and integrity benefits can be characterized by the following general formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of RC, RH, and
(Formula Removed)
wherein:
- each R2 is indepcndcnily selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C4 alkyl; each RC is
(Formula Removed)
each RH is
(Formula Removed)
wherein:
- each Z is independently selected from the group consisting H, C1-C20 alkyl , C5-C7 cydoalkyl, C7
C20 alkyteryl. C7-C20 arylalkyl, substituted alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl.
diatkyiaminoalkyi, pipcridinoalkyl, morpholinoalkyi, cycloalkylaminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and M; each R5 is independently selected from the group consisting H, C1-C20 alkyl C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C7-
C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl, substituted alkyl, arninoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl,
dialkylaminoalkyl, piperidinoalkyl, morpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl and hydroxyalkyl wherein;
M is selected from the group consisting of Na, K, l/2Ca, and l/2Mg;
each x is from 0 to about 5;
each y is from about I to about 5; provided that:
-if Z bears a positive charge, it is balanced by a suitable anion; and
-the Degree of Substitution for group RH is between about 0.001 and 0.3, more preferably between
about 0.005 and 0.2, and most preferably between about 0.01 and 0.1; and -the Degree of Substitution for group Re wherein Z is H Or M is between about 0.2 and 2.0, more
preferably between about 0.3 and 1.0, and most preferably between about 0.4 and 0.7. In another embodiment of the present invention a process is defined wherein cellulose derivatives are obtained by conversion of a carboxylalkylated cellulosic at least partially to an ester, followed by treatiniat with an ainine in the presence of at least traces of water. Alternatively, the cellulose derivatives obtained by conversion of a carboxylalkylated cellulosic at least partially to an ester, followed by treatment with enough base in the presence of water to hydrolyze at least 10% of the ester groups.
The cdlulosic based polymer or oligomer materials defined above can be used is a washing solution additive in either granular or liquid form. Alternatively, they can be admixed to gfanular detergents, dissolved in liquid detergent compositions or added to a fabric softening composition, the forgoing description of uses for the cellulosic based fabric treatment materials defined herein are intended to be exemplary and other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended lo be within the scope of the present invention.
The laundry detergent compositions herein comprise from about 1% to 80% by weight of a detersiv surfactant, from about 0,1% to 80% by weight of an organic or inorganic detergency builder and from
about 0.1% to 5% by weight of the cellulosic based fabric treatment materials of the picsent invention. The detersive surfactant and detergency builder materials can be any of those useful in conventional laundry detergent products.
Aqueous solutions of the cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials of the subject invention comprise from about 0.1% to 80% by weight of the cellulosic based fabric treatment materials dissolved in water and other ingredients such as stabilizers and pH adjusters.
In its method aspect, the present invention relates to the laundering or treating of fabrics and textiles in aqueous washing or treating solutions formed from effective amounts of the detergent compositions described herein, or formed from the individual components of such compositions. Laundering of fabrics and textiles in such washing solutions, followed by rinsing and drying, imparts fabric appearance benefits to the fabric and textile articles so treated. Such benefits can include improved overall appearance, pill/fuzz reduction, antifading, improved abrasion resistance, and/or enhanced softness.
According to the present invention there is provided a detergent composition characterized by:
a) from 1% to 80% by weight of surfactants selected from the group consisting
of nonionic, anionic, cationic, ainphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants, or mixtures thereof; and
b) from 0.1% to 5.0% by weight of a mixture of cellulosic based polymers or
oligomers of the general formula:
(Formula Removed)
R wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of
(Formula Removed)
, and
wherein:
each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and CrC4 alky!;
each Rj is independently selected from the group consisting of
(Formula Removed)
, and
wherein:
each R4 is independently selected from the group consisting H, C1-C20 alkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C7-C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl. substituted alkyl. aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, piperidinoalkyl. morpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, Na, K. l/2Ca. and l/2Mg:
each R5 is independently selected from the group consisting H,C1-C20 alkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C7-C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl, substituted alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl. dialkylaminoalkyl, piperidinoalkyl, morpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl and hydroxyalkyl wherein:
each x is from 0 to 5: each y is from 1 to 5; provided that:
if R4 bears a positive charge, it is balanced by a suitable anion; and
the Degree of Substitution for group R-, is between 0.2 and 2.0, more preferably between 0.3 and 1.0, and most preferably between 0.4 and 0.7.
The present composition is a synergistic composition, the ingredients of which are not reacting chemically but are interacting to give unexpected result. The present composition is not a mere admixture.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As noted, when fabric or textiles are laundered in wash solutions which comprise the cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials of the present invention fabric appearance and integrity are enhanced. The cellulosic based fabric treatment materials can be added to wash solutions by incorporating them into a detergent composition, a fabric softener or by adding them separately to the washing solution. The cellulosic based fabric treatment materials are described herein primarily as liquid or granular detergent additives but the present invention is not meant to be so limited. The cellulosic based fabric treatment materials, detergent composition components, optional ingredients for such compositions and methods of using such compositions, are described in detail below. All percentages are by weight unless other specified.
A) Cellulosic Based Polymer or Oligomer Materials
The essential component of the compositions of the present invention comprises one or more cellulosic based polymer or oligomer. Such materials have been found to impart a number of appearance benefits to fabrics and textiles laundered in aqueous washing solutions formed from detergent compositions which contain such cellulosic based fabric treatment materials. Such fabric appearance benefits can include, for example, improved overall appearance of the laundered fabrics, reduction of the formation of pills and fuzz, protection against color fading, improved abrasion resistance, etc. The cellulosic based fabric treatment materials used in the compositions and method herein can provide such fabric appearance
benefits with acceptably little or uo loss in cleaning performance provided by the laundry detergent compositions into which such materials arc incorporated.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the an, an oligomer is a molecule consisting of only a few monomer units while polymers comprise considerably more monomer units. For the present invention! oligomers are defined as molecules having an average molecular weight below about 1,000 and polymer* are molecules having an average molecular weight of greater than about 1,000. One suitable type of cellulosic based polymer or otigomer fabric treatment material for use herein has an average moleculat weight of from about 10,000 to about 2,000.000. preferably from about 50,000 to about 1,000,000.
The cellulosic based fabric treatment component of the detergent compositions herein will generally comprise from about 0.1% to about 5% by the weighc of the determent composition. More preferably, sucb cellulosic based fabric treatment materials will comprise from about 0.5% to about 4% by weight of the? detergent compositions, most preferably from about 0.75% to about 3%. However, as discussed above,; when used as a washing solution additive, i.e. when the cellulosic based fabric treatment component is not. incorporated into a detergent composition, the concentration of the cellulosic based component can comprise from about 0.1% to about 80% by weight of the additive material.
One suitable group of cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials for use herein is characterized by the following formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of RC, RH, and
(Formula Removed)
wherein:
- each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C4 alky]; each RC is

(Formula Removed)
wherein:
' each Z is independently selected from th« group consisting H, C1-C20 aikyl. C5-C7 cycloalfcyl, C7-CC20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 aryklkyl, substituted alky), aminoalkcyl, alkyhminoalkyl, dialfcylaminoalkyl, piperidinoalkyl, morpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylarninoalkyl, hydroxyaikyl, and M;
- each R5 is independently selected from the group consisting H, C1-C20 alkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C7-C20- alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl, substituted alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, piperidiaoalkyl, morpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl and hydroxyalkyl
wherein:
M is selected from the group consisting of Na, K, l/2Ca, and l/2Mg; each x is from 0 to about 5',
each y is from about 1 to about 5; provided that:
-if Z bears a positive charge, it is balanced by a suitable anion; and
-the Degree of Substitution for group RH is between aboui 0.001 and 0.3, more preferably between about 0.005 and 0.2, and most preferably between about 0.01 and 0.1; and
the Degree of Substitution for group RC wherein Z js H or M is between about 0.2 and 2.0, more preferably between about 0.3 and 1.0, and most preferably between about 0.4 and 0.7.
The "Degree of Substitution" for group RH, which is sometimes abbreviated herein "DSRH", means the number of moles of group RH components that are substituted per anhydrous glucose unit, wherein an anhydrous glucose unit is a six membered ring as shown in the repeating unit of the general structure above.
The "Degree of Substitution" for group RC, which is sometimes abbreviated herein "DSRc", means the number of moles of group RC components, wherein Z is H or M, that are substituted per anhydrous glucose unit, wherein an anhydrous glucose unit is a six membered ring as shown in the repeating unit of the general structure above. The requirement that Z be H or M is necessary to insure that there are a sufficient number of caiboxy methyl groups such that the resulting polymer is soluble. It is understood that
in addition to the required number or KC components wnerem /. is M or M, there can be, and moft
preferably are, additional RC components wherein Z is a group other tlian H or M. - -
In an especially preferred embodiment of this invention at least 0,i of the £3 groups are derivad from -CH2-COOH or a salt thereof, thai is the degree of substitution in the cellulose chain is at least 0.1 for CH2-COOH and salts thereof . In another embodiment of the present invention all of the x's are equal to 0.
The subject cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials can be produced by conversion of carboxylalkylatcd cdlulosic at least partially to an ester, followed by treatment with an amine in the presence of at least traces of water. Alternatively, the cellulose derivatives obtained by conversion of a earboxylalkylated cellulosic at least partially to an ester, followed by treatment whh enough base in the presence of water to hydrolyze at least 10% of the ester groups. The production of materials according to the picscnl invention is further defined in the Examples below.
B) Petcrsivc Surfactant
The detergent compositions herein comprise from about 1% to 80% by weight of a detersive surfactant. Preferably such compositions comprise from about 5% to 50% by weight of surfactant. Detersive surfactants utilized can be of the anionic, noniotu'c, zwittcrionic, ampholytic or cationic type or! can comprise compatible mixtures of these types. Detergent surfactants useful herein are described in U.S.; Patent 3,664,961, Morris, issued May 23, 1972, U.S. Patent 3,919,678, Laughlin et ai., issued December 30, 1975, US Patent 4,222,905, Cockrell, isued September 16, 1980, and in U.S. Patent 4,239,659,
Murphy, issued December 16, 1980. All of these patents are incorporated herein by reference. Of all the surfactants, anionics and noru'onics are prefened.
Useful anionic surfactants can themselves be of several different types. For example, water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acids, i.e., "soaps", are useful anionic surfactants in the compositions herein. Tni$ includes alkali metal soaps such as the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and alkylolammonium salts of higher fatty acids containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Soaps can be made by direct saponification of fats and oils or by the neutralization of free fatty acids. Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixtures of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e., sodium or potassium tallow and coconut soap.
Additional non-soap aoioru'c surfactants which arc suitable for use herein include the waier-solublc salts, preferably the alkali metal, and ammonium salts, of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a suifonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group. (Included in the term "alkyl" is the alkyl portion of acyl groups.) Examples of
this group of synthetic surfactants arc a) the sodium, potassium and ammonium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfatiog the higher alcohols (C8-C18 carbon atoms) such as those pfoduced by reducing the glyceiides of tallow or coconut oil; b) the sodium, potassium and ammonium alkyl polyethoxylate sulfates, particularly those in which the alkyl group contains from 10 to 22, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and wherein the polyethoxylale chain contains from 1 to 15, preferably 1 to 6 cthoxylate moieties; and c) the sodium and potassium alkylbenzene sulfonates in which die alky] group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, in straight chain or branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Patents 2,220.099 and 2,477,383. Especially valuable are hater straight chain alkyibenzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13, abbreviated as C11-13 LAS.
Preferred nonionic surfactants are those of the formula R1(OC2H4)nOH, wherein R1 is a C10-C16 alkyl group or a C8-C12 alkyl phenyl group, and n is from 3 to about 80. Particularly preferred are condensation products of C12-C15 alcohols with from about 5 to about 20 moles of cthylene oxide por mole of alcohol, e.g., C12-C13 alcohol condensed with about 6.5 moles of cthylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
Additional suitable nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein R is a C9-17 alkyl or alkenyl, R1 is a methyl group and Z is glycityl derived from a reduced sugar or alkoxylated derivative thereof. Examples a;e N-methyl N-1-dcoxyglucityl cocoamide and N-meihyl N-1-deoxyglucityl oleamide. Processes for making polyhydroxy fatty acid amides aie known and can be found in Wilson, U.S. Patent 2,965,576 and Schwartz, U.S. Patent 2,703,798, die disclosures of which art incorporated herein by reference.
Preferred surfactants for use in the detergent compositions described herein are amine based surfactants of the general formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein R1 is a C6-C12 alkyl group; n is from about 2 10 about 4, X is a bridging group which is selected from NH, CONH, COO, or O or X can be absent; and R3 and R4 are individually selected from H, C1-C4
alkyl, or (CH2-CH2-O(R5)) wherein R5 is H or methyl, Especially preferred amines based surfectartts
include the following:
(Formula Removed)
wherein Rj is a C6-C12 alkyl group and RS is H or CH3, Particularly preferred amines for use in the; surfactants defined above include those selected from the group consisting of octyl amine, hexyl amine, decyl amine, dodccyl amine, C8-C12 bis(hydroxyethyl)aminc, C8-C12 bis(hydroxyisopropyl)amine, C8-C12 anudo-propyl dimethyl amine, or mixtures thereof.
In a highly preferred embodiment, the amine based surfactant is described by the formula:
R1-C(0)-NH-(CH2)3-N(CH3)2 wherein R1 is C8-C12 alkyl-
C) Detergent Builder
The detergent compositioos herein may also comprise from about 0.1% to 80% by weight of a detergent builder, Preferably such compositions in liquid form will comprise from about 1% to 10% by weight of the builder component. Preferably such compositions in granular form will comprise from about; 1% to 50% by weight of the builder component. Detergent builders are well known in the art and can comprise, for example, phosphate salts as well as various organic and inorganic nonphosphorus builders.
Water-soluble, aonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxy sulfonates. Examples of polyacetate and polycarboxylate builders are the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, niirilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, and citric acid. Other suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal carboxylates described in U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al., and U.S. Patent 4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Cratchfield et al,, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Particularly preferred polycarboxylate builders are
the axydisuccinates and the ether carboxylate builder compositions comprising a combination of tartrate monosuccinatc and tartrate disuccinate described in U.S. Patcni 4.663,071, Bush et al:, issued "May 5. 1987, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Example of suitable nonphosphorus, inorganic builders include the silicates, alurninosilicates, boratcs and carbonates. Particularly preferred are sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, tetraborate decahydrite, and silicates having a weight ratio of SiO2 to alkali metal oxide of from about 0.5 to about 4.0, preferably from about 1.0 to about 2.4, Also preferred are aluminosilicatis including zeolites. Such materials and their use as detergent builders are more fully discussed in Coikill aL, U. S, Patent No. 4,605,509, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Also discussed in U. S. Patent No, 4,605,509 arc crystalline layered silicates which are suitable for use in the detergent compositions of this invention.
D) Optional Detergent Ingredients
In addition to the surfactants, builders and cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials hereinbefore described, the detergent compositions of the present invention can also include any number of additional optional ingredients. These include conventional detergent composition components such as enzymes and enzyme stabilizing agents, suds boosters ar suds suppressors, anti-tarnish and anticorrosioa agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, germicides, pH adjusting agents, non-builder alkalinity sources, chelating agents, organic and inorganic fillers, solvents, hydrotropes, optical brighteners, dyes and perfumes,
pH adjusting agents may be necessary in certain applications where the pH of the wash solution is greater than about 10.0 because the fabric integrity benefits of the defined compositions begin to diminish? at a higher pH. Hence, if the wash solutioa is greater than about 10.0 after the addition of the cellulosic, based polymer or oligomer materials of the present invention a pH adjuster should be used to reduce the pHi of the washing solution to below about 10.0, preferably to a pH of below about 9.5 and most preferably; below about 7.5. Suitable pH adjusters will be known to those skilled in the art,
A preferred optional ingredients for incorporation into the detergent compositions herein comprises a bleaching agent, e.g., a peroxygen bleach. Such peroxygen bleaching agents may be organic or inorganic in nature. Inorganic pcroxygen bleaching agents are frequently utilized in combination with a bleach \ activator.
Useful organic peroxygen bleaching agents include pcrcarboxylic acid bleaching; agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydiate, the magnesium salt of metachloro pcrbcnzoic acid, 4-nonyIarnino-4-oxoperoxybutyric acid and
diperoxydodecanedioic acid. Such bleaching agents are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,483,781, Hartman, Issued November 20, 1984; European Patent Application EP-A-133,354, Banks ct a]., Published February -20, 1985; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934, Chung ct a!., Issued November 1, 1983. Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6-nonyIamino-6-oxoperoxycaproic acid (NAPAA) as described in U.S. Patent 4,634,551, Issued January 6,198710 Bums etal.
Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents may also be used, generally in particular form, in this detergent compositions herein. Inorganic bleaching agents are in fact preferred. Such inorganic peroxy compounds include alkali metal perborate and percarbonate materials. For example, sodium perborate (e.g. mono- or tetra-hydrate) can be used. Suitable inorganic bleaching agents can also include sodiunf of potassium carbonate peroxyhydrate and equivalent "percaibonatc" bleaches, sodium pyropho peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide. Persulfate bleach (e.g., OXONE, manuractu| commercially by DuPont) can also be used. Frequently inorganic peroxygen bleaches will be coated silicate, berate, aulfete or water-soluble surfactants. For example, coated perearbonate particles available from various commercial sources $uch as FMC, Solvay Interox, Tokai Dcnka and Degussa. ,
Inorganic peroxygen bleaching agents, e.g., the perborates, the percarbonates, etc., are preferably combined with bleach activators, which lead to the in situ production in aqueous solution (i.e., during use of the compositions herein for fabric laundering/bleaching) of the peroxy acid corresponding to the bleach activator. Various non-limiting examples of activators are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,915,854, Issued April 10, 1990 to Mao et al.; and U.S. Patent 4,412,934 Issued November 1, 1983 to Chung et al. The nonanoyloxybenzcnc sulfotute (NOBS) and tetraacetyl ethylene diaminc (TAED) activators are typical and preferred. Mixtures thereof can also be used. See also the hereinbefore referenced U.S. 4,634,551 for other typical bleaches and activators useful herein.
Other useful amido-dcrived bleach activators are those of the formulae:
R1N(R5)C(0)R2C(0)L or R1C(0)N(R5)R2C(0)L
wherein R1 is an alkyl group coataiaing from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, R2 is an alkylene containing from I to about 6 carbon atoms, R5 is H or alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and L is any suitable leaving group, A leaving group is any group that is displaced from the bleach activator as a consequence of the nuclcophilic attack on the bleach activator by the perihydrolysis aniou. A preferred leaving group is phenol sulfonate.
Preferred examples of bleach activators of the above formulae include (6-octanamido-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decaaanudo-caproyl)oxybenzcncsulfonate and mixtures thereof as described in the hereinbefore referenced U.S. Patent 4,634,551.
Another class of useful bleach activators comprises the benzoxazin-type activators disclosed bu Hodge et al. in U.S. Patent 4,966, 723, Issued October 30, 1990, incorporated herein by reference. 4 highly preferred activator of the bcnxoxazin-type is:
(Formula Removed)
Still another class of useful bleach activators includes the acyl lactam activators, especially acyl caprolactams and acyl valerolactams of the formulae:
(Formula Removed)
wherein R6 is H or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxyaryl, or alkao'I group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms. Highly preferred lactam activators include benzoyl caprolactam, octanoyl caprolactam, 3.5,5-trimethylhexanoyl caprolaccam, nonanoyl caprolactam, decanoyl caprolactam, undecenoyl caprolactam, beozoyl valerolactam, octanoyl valerolactam, nonanoyl valerolactam, decanoyl valerolactam, undeccnoyl valcrolactam, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl valerolactam and mixtures thereof. See also U.S. Patent 4,545,784, Issued to Sanderson, October 8, 1985, incorporated herein by reference, which discloses acyl caprolactams, including benzoyl caprolactam, adsorbed into sodium perborate.
If utilized, pcroxygcn bleaching agcnc will generally comprise from about 2% to 30% by weight of ; the detergent compositions herein. More preferably, peroxygen bleaching agent will comprise from about : 2% to 20% by weight of the compositions. Most preferably, peroxygen bleaching agent will be present to the extent of from, about 3% to 15% by weight of the compositions herein. If utilized, bleach activators can comprise from about 2% to 10% by weight of the detergent compositions herein. Frequently, activators are employed such that the molar ratio of bleaching agent to activator ranges from about 1:1 to 10:1, more preferably from about 1.5:1 to 5:1-
Another highly preferred optional ingredient in the detergent compositions herein is a detersive
enzyme component. While it is known that some enzymes will degrade the pcptide bonds of eeliulosies, the
eellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials defined herein do not exhibit such degradation in the
presence of enzymes. Hence, enzymes can be added to detergent compositions which comprise the
cellulosic based fabric treatment materials of the present invention with substantially no degradation.
Enzymes can be included in the present detergent compositions for a variety of purpose including removal of protein-based, carbohydrate-based, or triglyceride-based stains from substrates, prevention of refugee dye transfer in fabric laundering, and for fabric restoration. Suitable enzmfes include proteases, amylases, Upases, ccllulases, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof of any suitable such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast origin. Preferred selections are influenced by factors such as pH activicy and/or stability, optimal thermostabiliry, and stability to active detergents, builder and the like. In this respect bacterial or fungal enzymes are preferred, such as bacterial amylwcsiad proteases, and fungal celluloses.
"Detersive enzyme", as used herein, means any enzyme having a cleaning, stain removing or otherwise beneficial effect in a laundry detergent composition. Preferred enzymes for laundry purposes include, but are not limited to, proteases, cellulases, lipascs, amylases and pcroxidases.
Enzymes are normally incorporated into detergent compositions at levels sufficient to provide a "cleaning-effective amount". The term "cleaning-effective amount" refers to any amount capable of producing a cleaning, stab removal, soil removal, whitening, deodorizing, or freshness improving effect on substrates such as fabrics. In practical terms for current commercial preparations, typical amounts to about 5 mg by weight, more typically 0.01 mg to 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of the detergent composition. Stated otherwise, the compositions herein will typically comprise from 0.001% to 5%, preferably 0.01%-1% by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation. Protease enzymes are usually present in such commercial preparations at levels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to O.I Anson units (AU) of activity per gram of composition. Higher active levels may be desirable in highly concentrated detergint formulations.
Suitable examples of proteases are the subtilisins which are obtained from particular strains of B, subtilis and B. Hcheniformis. One suitable protease is obtained from a strain of Bacillus, having maximura activity throughout the pH range of 8-12, developed and sold as ESPERASE® by Novo Industries A/S of Denmark, hereinafter "Novo". The preparation of this enzyme and analogous enzymes is described in GB 1,243,784 to Novo. Other suitable proteases include ALCALASE® and SAVINASE® from Novo and MAXATASE® from International Bio-Synthetics, Inc., The Netherlands; as well as Protease A as disclosed in EP 130,756 A, January 9, 1985 and Protease B as disclosed in EP 303.761 A, April 28, 1987 and EP 130,756 A, January 9, 1985. Sec also a high pH protease from Bacillus sp. NCIMB 4038; described in WO 9318140 A to Novo. Enzymatic detergents comprising protease, one or more atlier enzymes, and a reversible protease inhibitor are described in WO 9203529 A to Novo. Other prefertd proteases include those of WO 9510591 A to Procter &. Gamble. When desired, a protease havig decreased adsorption and increased hydrolysis is available as described in WO 9507791 to Procter
Gamble. A recombinant trypsin-like protease for detergents suitable herein is described in WO 9425583 ta; Novo.
Cellulases usable herein include both bacterial and fungd types, preferably having a pH optimum between 5 and 10. U.S. 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al., March 6. 1984. discloses suitable fiwiga ccllulascs fromHumicola Insolens or ffumicola strain DSM18QO or a cellulose 212-producing fungus belonging to the genus Aeromonas, and cellulase extracted from the hepatopancreas of a marine mollusk, Dofabella Auricula Solander. Suitable cellulascs are also disclosed in GB-A-2.075.028; GB-A-2.095.275 and DE-OS-2.247.832, CAREZYME® and CELLUZYME® (Novo) are especially useful. See also WO 9117243 to Novo.
Suitable lipase enzymes for detergent usage include those produced by microorganisms of the Pseudomonas group, such as Pseudomonas stutzert ATCC 19.154, as disclosed in GB 1,372,034. See also, the lipasc in Japanese Patent Application 53,20487. laid open Feb. 24, 1978. This lipase is available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, under die trade name Lipasc P "Amano," or "Amano-P." Other suitable commercial Upases include AmaioCES, lipases ex Chromobocter viscosum, e.g. Chromobacier vfscosum var. lipolyticwn NRRLB 3673 from Toyo Jozo Co., Tagata, Japan; Chromobacter viscosum Upases from U,S. Biochemical Corp., U.S.A. and Disoynth Co., The Netherlands, and lipascs ex Pseudomonas gladioli. LIPOLASE® enzyme derived from Humicola lanuginosa and commercially available from Novo, sce also EP 341,947, is a preferred lipase for use herein.
The enzyme-containing compositions herein may optionally also comprise from about 0,001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 8%, most preferably from about 0.01% to about 6%, by weight of an enzyme stabilizing system. The enzyme stabilizing system can be any stabilizing system which is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Such a system may be inherently provided by other formulation actives, or be added separately, e.g., by the formuhtor or by a manufacturer of detergenC'ready enzymes. Such stabilizing systems can, for example, comprise calcium ton, boric acid, propylene glycol, short chain earboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof, and are designed to address different stabilization problems depending on the type and physical form of the detergent composition.
E) Detergent Composition Preparation
The detergent compositions according to the present invention can be in liquid, paste or granular form. Such compositions can be prepared by combining the essential and optional components in the requisite concentrations in any suitable order and by any conventional means.
Granular compositions, for example, are generally made by combining base granule ingredients, e.g., surfactants, builders, water, etc., as a slurry, and spray drying the resulting slurry to a low level of residual moisture (5-12%), The remaining dry ingredients, e.g., granules of the essential ccllulosic based fabric

treatment materials, can be admixed in granular powder form with the spray dried granules jn a. rotary mixing drum. The liquid ingredients, e.g., solutions of the essential cellulosic based" fabric trcatabqt materials, enzymes, binders and perfumes, can be sprayed onto the resulting granules to form the finished detergent composition. Granular compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", i.e. they may have a relatively higher density than conventional granular detergents, i.e. from 550 to 950 g/1. In such case, the granular detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain 4 lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to couventional granular detergents; typical filler salts are alkaline earth metal salts of sulphates and chlorides, typically sodium sulphate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10% filler salt.
Liquid detergent compositions can be prepared by admixing the essential and optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide compositions containing components in the requisite conccntration. Liquid compositions according to the present invention can also be in "compact form", in such case, the liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of water, compared to conventional liquid detergents. Addition of the cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials to liquid detergent or other aqueous compositions of this invention may be accomplished by simply mixing into the liquid solutions the desired cellulosic based fabric treatment materials.
F) Fabric laundering Method
The present invention also provides a method for Kiundering fabrics in a-manner which imparts fabric appearance benefits provided by the cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials used herein. Such p. method employs contacting these fabrics with an aqueous washing solution formed from an effective amount of the detergent compositions hereinbefore described or formed from the individual components of such compositions. Contacting of fabrics with washing solution will generally occur under conditions of agitation although the compositions of the present invention may also be used to form aqueous unagitated soaking solutions for fabric cleaning and treatment. As discussed above, it is preferred that the washing solution have a pH of less than about 10,0, preferably it has a pH of about 9.5 and most preferably it has a pH of about 73.
Agitation is preferably provided in a wasliing machine for good cleaning. Washing is preferably followed by drying the wet fabric in a conventional clothes dryer. An effective amount of a high density liquid or granular detergent composition in the aqueous wash solution in the washing machine is preferably from about 500 to about 7000 ppm, more preferably from about 1000 to about 3000 ppm.
G) Fabric Conditioning
The ceilulosic based polymer or oligorner materials hereinbefore described as components of the laundry detergent compositions hereto, may also be used to rrcat and condition fabrics and textiles in the
absence of the surfactant and builder components of the detergent composition embodiments of this invention. Thus, for example, a fabric conditioning composition comprising only the ccllulo5ic based fabric treatment materials themselves, or comprising an aqueous solution of the cellulosic based fabric treatnent materials, may be added during the rinse cycle of a conventional home laundering operation in order to impart the desired fabric appearance and integrity benefits hereinbefore described.
EXAMPLES
The following examples illustrate the compositions and methods of the present invention, bul are act necessarily meant to limit or otherwise define the scope of the invention.
The first step in the production of the cellulosic based polymer or oligomer materials of the present invention is to convert the carboxymethylcellulose ("CMC") to a methyl ester. While there are numerous methods for accomplishing this step of the process known to those skilled in the art, two cxemplary processes are given below as Examples I and IT. Examples I and II differ both in the method of converting; the CMC to a methyl ester as well as the feedstock of CMC as detailed below,
EXAMPLE 1 Conversion of Purified CMC to_ Partial MethylEster
AD. 80g (0.257 mole equivalents) sample of carboxymcthylceilulosc (Aldrich, MW = 90,000, DSRC = 0.7, and corresponding to the general formula defined above wherein x = 0) is suspended in a mixture of 196 g t-butanol, 15.7 g water, and 2.36g toluene (as an internal standard) in a 500 ml, 3-necked, round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, internal thermometer, condenser, and inert gas inlet, Then, 9,72g (0.077 mol) of dimethyl sulfate is added with stirring at room temperature. After about 2 hours, 50% sodium hydroxide is added as necessary to restore the pH to about 7-8 as judged on an aJiquot diluted with 5 volumes of water, Stirring is continued at room temperature for 40 hours. At this point a Ig sample of the liquor is withdrawn and 0.25g of pyridinc is added. NMR spcctroscopy of this sample in dimethyl sulfoxtde reveals that little or no methylated pyridinc has formed showing tliat the dimethyl sulfaie has all reacted. The modified CMC is collected by filtration and washed on the filter with several volumes of t-butanol-water and then dried under vacuum at 100°C, The atr-infrared spectrum of this material shows: carbonyl peaks for both ester and carboxylate groups consistent with the desired partial methyl ester.
The procedure is repeated except that the temperature is held at 25°C for 2 hours and then raised to 70°C for 2 hours before isolation.
EXAMPLE II Conversion of Commercial Crude CMC to Partial Methyl Ester
An 80g (0.169 mole equiv.) sample of commercial CMC (Penn-Carbose, MW = 250,000, DSRC 0.59, 70% active) is suspended in a mixture of I97g t-butanol, 15g water» and 15g toluene (as an internal standard) in a 500 ml, 3-necfced round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer, internal theimoistir, condenser, and inert gas inlet. Then, 14.98g (O.U9 mol) of dimethyl sulfate: is added with stirring at room temperature. After about 2 hours, 50% sodium hydroxide is added as necessary to restore the pH to about 7-8 as judged on an aliquot diluted with 5 volumes of water. Stirring is continued at room temperature for 1 hours and thea the temperature is raised to 70°C for 2 more hours. At this point a Ig sample of the liquor is withdrawn and 0.25g of pyridine is added. NMR spectroscopy of this sample in dimethyl sulfoxide reveals that little or no methylated pyridine has formed showing that the dimethyl sulfate has all reacted. The modified CMC is collected by filtration. One half of the collected solids is recombined with one half of the liquors and saved for later reaction. The other half of the collected solids is washed on the filter with several volumes of t-butanol-watcr and then dried under vacuum at 100°C, The atr-infraned spectrum of this material shows carbonyl peaks for both ester and carboxylate groups consistent with the desired partial methyl ester.
EXAMPLE III Treatment of CMC Methyl Ester with DimethvlaminoDropvlamine
The following is one process for converting the CMC mcchyl esters, such as those produced in
Examples I and n above, to a partial DMAPA Amide.
CMC Me2SO4 CMC DMAPA CMC
(PS 0.59) Alcohol-H20 Partial methyl ester EtOH-H2O or toluene Partial DMAPA Amide
One half of the CMC methyl ester produced in either of Examples I or II above is resuspended ia the t-butanol-water liquor in which it was made and is treated with 3-dimethylaminopropylaminc ("DMAPA", 24.2g, 0.24 mol, Aldrich) by heating under reflux for 18 hours. The solids are collected on a filter;aqd washed with cthanol. They are then suspended in ethanol containing 10% water and the pH is raised to 11.5. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, the solids are collected on a filter and washed with more aqueous ethanol and then with ethanol. An aliquot of this material is hydrolyzed by heating in 3N H2S04 in D20 for 18 hours. An aliquot of the hydrolysatc is adjusted to pH 12, centrifuged to clarify, and then examined by NMR spectroscopy. This shows a resonance for the dimetbylamino groups of the DMAPA and the relative size of the peak indicates that at least about 5% of the caiboxylate groups have been converted to amides of DMAPA.
The treatment with DMAPA is repeated using the isolated methyl ester except that the suspending medium is toluene. The partial methyl ester is again partially converted to the DMAPA amide.
EXAMPLE IV Partial Hydrolysis of Partial Methyl Ester of CMC
The following is another process for converting the CMC methyl esters, such as those produced in Example H above, to a partial DMAPA Amide.
CMC HO CMC DMAPA 140C CMC
(DS-0.59) ROH-H2O Partial acid form SOH-H20 o-xylene Partial DMAPA Amide
A commercial sample of CMC (Peon-Carbose, MW = 250,000, DSRc = 0-59, 70% active) which Is partially converted to methyl ester by the method of Example II (DS of ester = 0.18) is suspended in cthanol-waicr and heated with enough sodium hydroxide to hydrolyze 70% of the esters. The resulting partially hydrolyzed ester is collected on a filter and washed with cthanol and dried under vacuum at 100° C. The atr-IR sho\vs some residual ester carbonyl peak. The partially hydrolyzed ester displays partial solubility in water.
The hydrolysis is repeated, but the base used is an excess of 3-dimethyiaminopropyIamine. The isolated product shows a small amount of residual ester by atr-IR.
The present composition is not obtained by chemical process. The ingredients of the said composition are not reacting, but interacting synergistically and giving unexpected result.











WE CLAIM:
1. A detergent composition characterized by
a) from 1% to 80% by weight of surfactants selected from the group consisting
of nonionic, anionic, cationic. ampholeric. zwitferionic surfactanls. or mixtures thereof: and
h) from 0.1% to 5.0% by weight of a mixture of cellulosic based polymers or
oliuomers of the general formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of
(Formula Removed)
wherein:
each RT is independentK selected from the group consisting ol H and C1-C4 alkyl; each KS is independently selected from the group consisting of
(Formula Removed)
, and
wherein:
each R4 is independently selected from the group consisting H. C1-C20 alkyl. C5-C7
cycloalkvl. C7-C20, alkylaryl. C7-C20 arylalkyl. substituted alkyl. aminoalkyl.
alkylaminoalkyl. dialkylaminoalkyl. piperidinoalkyl, morpholinoalkyl,
cycloalkylaminoalkyl. Indroxyalkyl. Na. K. 1 2C a. and l/2Mg:
each R5 is independently selected from the group consisting H, C1-C20 alkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkyl,C7-C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl. substituted alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaininoalkyl. dialkylaminoalkyl. piperidinoalkyl. niorpholinoalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl and hydroxyalkyl wherein:
each x is from 0 to 5; each y is from 1 to 5: provided that:
if R4 bears a positive charge, it is balanced by a suitable anion; and
the Degree of Substitution for group R3 is between 0.2 and 2.0, more preferably between 0.3 and 1.0, and most preferably between 0.4 and 0.7.
2. The detergent composition of claim 1, wherein at least 0.1 of the R3 groups are
derived from -CH2-COOH or a salt thereof.
3. The detergent composition as claimed in claim I, wherein the cellulosic based
polymer or oligomer has an average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 2,000,000.
4. The detergent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cellulosic based
polymer or oligomer has an average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000.
5. A detergent composition substantially as hereinbefore described in any of the
Examples.

Documents:

2761-del-1998-abstract.pdf

2761-del-1998-claims.pdf

2761-del-1998-complete specification (granted).pdf

2761-DEL-1998-Correspondence Others-(17-06-2011).pdf

2761-del-1998-correspondence-others.pdf

2761-del-1998-description (complete).pdf

2761-del-1998-form-1.pdf

2761-del-1998-form-19.pdf

2761-del-1998-form-2.pdf

2761-DEL-1998-Form-27-(17-06-2011).pdf

2761-del-1998-form-3.pdf

2761-del-1998-form-4.pdf

2761-del-1998-form-6.pdf

2761-del-1998-gpa.pdf

2761-DEL-1998-Petition-137-(17-06-2011).pdf

2761-del-1998-petition-138.pdf

abstract.jpg


Patent Number 197255
Indian Patent Application Number 2761/DEL/1998
PG Journal Number 38/2008
Publication Date 19-Sep-2008
Grant Date 02-Mar-2007
Date of Filing 15-Sep-1998
Name of Patentee THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
Applicant Address THE PROCTER & GAMBLE PLAZA, CINCINNATI, STATE OF OHIO, U.S.A.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 LEUPIN, JENNIFER ANN 7974 FAWNCREEK DRIVE CINCINNATI, OHIO 45249 U.S.A.
2 GOSSELINK, EUGENE PAUL 3754 SUSANNA DRIVE CINCINNATI, OHIO 45251 U.S.A.
3 HUNTER, KATHLEEN BRENNER 855 ROGERS ROAD VILLA HILLS, KY 41017, U.S.A.
4 BOYER, STANTON LANE 12 FALL RIVER COURT FAIRFIELD, OHIO 45014, U.S.
5 WANG, JIPING 6546 GLENARBOR DRIVE WEST CHESTER, OHIO 45069, U.S.A.
6 WASHINGTON, NODIE 1089 WILBERFORCE-CLIFTON ROAD WILBERFORCE, OHIO 45384, U.S.A.
PCT International Classification Number C08B 15/00
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/058,892 1997-09-15 U.S.A.