Title of Invention

A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A VINYL COMPOUND

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the preparaltun of a vinyl compound such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like in a diMillation system wherein the improvement comprises in carrying ont said distillalion in the present;e nf ai least one corrosion inhibitive substance selected from the group consisting of <a) an aliphatic alcohol or an aromatic alcohol selected frnin the group consisting of 'xytenol, benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol, (h) an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, (c) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof and (d) a zinc-containing salt to coexist with a metallic salt of dithiocarthamic acid for preventing polymerization of the vinyl compound with the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid during said distillation :ind thereaacrrecovering said vinyl compound therefrom in a known manner. PRICE: THIRTY RUPEES

Full Text

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a vinyl compound such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like in a distillation system. More particularly, it pertains to a process for preventing the polymerization ot the vinyl compound which process is capable of effectively inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the like in the distillation system, etc. of the production process for tlie above mentioned acid, etc. as well as the corrosion of the equipment and machinery to be used therein and at tlie same time, enables long-term stable continuous operation of the equipment and machinery. It has heretofore been known tliat a vinyl compound such as styrene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, an acrylic ester, a methacrylic ester and acrylonitrile has the property of liability to polymerization by light, heat or the like. In the production process of the above mentioned vinyl compound, various distillation operations are put into practice for the purpose of separating, recovering, concentrating or purifying the objective vinyl compound. However, the aforesaid vinyl compound is apt to bring about an unfavourable situation such as various troubles in the distillation step which finally make it impossible to proceed with a long-term stable continuous operation, since as mentioned above, the compound is liable to polymerization by light, heat or the like to form a polymer-like substance. In order to avoid such a situation, there has heretofore been adopted a process in which the distillation operations are put into practice in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor, which is exemplified by hydroquinone, methoquinone (p-methoxyphenol), p-tert-butyl catechol, tert-butylhydroquinone and phenothiazine. Nevertheless, the actual situation is that any of the above-mentioned polymerization inhibitors does not necessarily exert sufficient effect on acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like because of their extreme liability to polymerization. Aside from the foregoing, it is knov;n that cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate is a substance which is capable of extremely effectively preventing the polymerization in liquid phase of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc., but it has been difficult to employ the substance in^ an industrial manufacturing plant because of its fatal disadvantage that it corrodes an equipment made of, for example, SUS 316. On the other hand, there is proposed a method in which a manganate is employed as a corrosion inhibitor in combination with a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid. (Refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51403/1993). However, the aforesaid method is not satisfactory because of its insufficient coxiOi>ion inhibition effect. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide, under such circumstances, a process for preventing the T^olymerization of a vinyl compound which process is-capable of efficiently inhibiting the polymerization of a vinyl compound, especially acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or the like in the distillation system, etc. of the production process for the above-mentioned acid, as well as the corrosion of the equipment and machinery to be used therein, and at the same time, enables long-term stable continuous operation of the equipment and machinery. As a result of intensive research and investigation accumulated by the present inventors in order to attain the above-mentioned object, it has been found that the object can be attained by paying attention to the excellent corrosion inhibition effect of a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid typified by cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate and making use thereof in combination with a specific corrosion inhibitive substance typified by water. The present invention has been accomplished by the foregoing finding and information. Specifically, the present invention provides a process for preventing the polymerization of a vinyl compound which comprises allowing water in an amount of 0.05 to 5 % by weight based on the vinyl compound to coexist with a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid, in preventing the polymerization of the vinyl compound with the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid in the production process of the vinyl compound. The present invention further provides a process for preventing the polymerization of a vinyl compound which comprises allowing at least one corrosion inhibitive substance selected from the group consisting of (a) an alcohol, (b) an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, (c) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof and (d) a zinc-containing salt to coexist with a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid, in preventing the polymerization of the vinyl compound with the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid in the production process of the vinyl compound. THE MOST PREFERRED EMBODIMENT TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION As the vinyl compound to which the process of the present invention is applicable, mention may be made of, for example, styrene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, an acrylic ester, a metViacrylic ester and acrylonitrile, of which acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are particularly preferable. There is used in the process according to the present invention, a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid as a polymerization inhibitor for the above-mentioned vinyl compound. As the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid usable therein, mention may be made of the compound having the structure repersented by the general formula (I) 1 2 wherein R and R may be the -same as or dif-ferent from each other and are each a phenyl group or an alkyl group which has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, may be straight-chain or branched and are specifically exemplified by methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group; M stands for a metal such as nickel, zinc, copper, iron and a transition metal (Mn, Co, etc.); and n is the valency of the metal M. Examples of the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid represented by the general formula (I) include cupric dimethyldithiocarbamate, cupric diethyldithiocarbamate, cupric dipropyldithiocarbamate, cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate, cupric dipentyldithiocarbamate, cupric dihexyldithiocarbamate, cupric diphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylethyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylpropyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylbutyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylpentyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylhexyldithiocarbamate, cupric methylphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric ethylpropyldithiocarbamate, cupric ethylbutyldithiocarbamate, cupric ethylpentyldithiocarbamate, cupric ethylhexyldithiocarbamate, cupric ethylphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric propylbutyldithiocarbamate, cupric propylpentyldithiocarbamate,. cupric propylhexyldithiocarbamate, cupric propylphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric butylpentyldithiocarbamate, cupric butylhexyldithiocarbamate, cupric butylphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric pentylhexyldithiocarbamate, cupric pentylphenyldithiocarbamate, cupric hexylphenyldithiocarbamate and a nickel salt, a zinc salt, an iron salt an a transition-metal salt (Mn, Co, etc.) each corresponding to the cupric salt exemplified above. Of the above-exemplified metallic salts of dithiocarbamic acid, cupric dithiocarbamate is preferable and cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate is particularly preferable. The aforesaid metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid as a polymerization inhibitor may be used alone or in combination with at least one other metallic salt. The amount thereof to be added to the vinyl compound is usually selected in the range of 0.01 to 1, preferable 0.05 to 0.5% by weight based on the vinyl compound. An amount thereof less than 0.01% by weight can not sufficiently exhibit the polymerization inhibition effect, whereas that more than 1% by weight can not enhance the effect in proportion to the amount of the inhibitor added, thus causing disadvantage from the economical point of view. disadvantage from the economical point of view. An amount of water preferable from both the viewpoints of corrosion inhibition effect and economical efficiency is in the range of 0.07 to 0.5% by weight based on the vinyl compound. Moreover in order to inhibit the corrosion of the equipment and machinery in the process according to the present invention, there may be used a corrosion inhibitive substance comprising at least one member selected fx-om the group consisting of (a) an alcohol, (b) an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, (c) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof and (d) a zinc-containing salt. As the alcohol to be used as the component (a) in the corrosion inhibitive substance, mention may be made of, for example, a primary alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol and 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol; propylene glycol; 1,4-butane diol; and 1,6-hexane diol, and an aromatic alcohol such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol. Of these a polyhydric alcohol is preferable. Examples of the preferable inorganic acid to be used as the component (b) include an oxoacid, which is specifically exemplified by boric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Of these phosphoric acid is particularly preferable. Examples of the salt of the inorganic acid include a nickel salt, a zinc salt, a copper salt, an iron salt and a salt of any of various transition metals (Mn, Co, etc.) Examples of the aromatic carboxylic acid to be used as the component (c) and a salt thereof include benzoic acid, naphthalenecarboxylic acid, salicylic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, oxynaphthoic acid, and a nickel salt, a zinc salt, a copper salt, an iron salt and any of various transition metals (Mn, Co, etc.) each of the aforesaid aromatic carboxylic acid. Examples of the zinc-containing salt to be used as the component (d) include zinc formate, zinc acetate and zinc dithiocarbamate. The above-exemplified corrosion inhibitive substances may he. use alone or in combinarion. The amount thereof to be used is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 5% by v;eight based on the vinyl compound. An amount thereof less than 0.001% by weight can not sufficiently exhibit the corrosion inhibition effect, whereas that more than 5% by weight can not enhance the effect in proportion to the amount of the inhibitor added, causing a fear of other disadvantage. In order to effectively carry out corrosion inhibition without causing any other disadvantage, the amount of the corrosion inhibitive substance to be used is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 3% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight based on the vinyl compound. In the case where an oxoacid, especially phosphoric acid among the inorganic acid is used as a corrosion inhibitive substance, the amount of phosphoric acid is preferably at least 0,1 (weight ratio) based on the aforesaid metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid, especially cupric dithiocarbamate. In the. process according to the present invention, the aforesaid polymerization inhibitor may be incorporated, as desired, with an other known polymerization inhibitor such as hydroquinone, methoquinone, p-tert-butyl catechol, tert-butylhydroquinone and phenothiazine to the extent that the object of the present invention is not impaired thereby. In the process according to the present invention, the treatment temperature of the vinyl compound containing the above mentioned metallic salt of dithiocarbamic and water, or the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid and the corrosion inhibitive substance varies depending upon the type of the vinyl compound, but in the case of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, it is usually in the range of 50 to 130°C. The polymerization inhibition effect and corrosion inhibition effect are sufficiently exhibited when the treatment temperature is within the aforesaid range. The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a vinyl compound such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like in a distillation system wherein the improvement comprises in carrying out said distillation in the presence of at least one corrosion inhibitive substance selected from the group consisting of (a) an aliphatic alcohol or an aromatic alcohol selected from the group consisting of xylenol, benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol, (b) an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, (c) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof and (d) a zinc-containing salt to coexist with a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid for preventing polymerization of the vinyl compound with the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid during said distillation and thereafter recovering said vinyl compound therefrom in a known manner. In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the working examples, which however shall not be construed to limit the invention thereto. Comparative Example 1 A 500 mL (milliliter) separable flask equipped with a reflux tube was charged with a SUS 316-made test piece (40 x 15 x 3 mm) which had been subjected to oxidation film treatment and 200 mL of acrylic acid, and the content in the flask was brought into a reflux state, while the flask inside temperature was kept at 110C under reduced pressure. Into the flask was continuously fed a solution of cupric dibutylthiocarbamate as polymerization inhibitor in acrylic on the acrylic acid at a rate of 40 mL/hour, while the solution in the flask was continuously withdrawn at the same rate. As a result, the weight loss of the test piece due to corrosion during a period of 10 days was 0.33^g. Comparative Example 2 The procedure in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion except that phenothiazine was used as a polymerization Inhibitor in place of cupric dibuty] dithiocorbamate. As a resvilt, any weight loss of a test piece due to corrosion during a period of 10 days was not recognized. It is understood by the comparison between Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate is corrosive. Comparative Example 3 The procedure in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion except that into the flask was fed a solution of manganese acetate at a concentration of 3,630 ppm by weight based on acrylic acid along with the cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate at a concentration same as in Comparative Example 1 in acrylic acid having a water content cf 240 ppm by weight. As a result, the weight loss of the test piece due to corrosion during a period of 10 days was 0-080g. Examples 1 and 2 The procedure in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion Example 3 The procedure in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion except that into the flask was fed a solution of zinc dibutyld.-) t):j ocarbai-iate at a concentration of 3,500 ppm, by v;eight based on. acryJic acid along witli the cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate at a conceritration same as in Conrparative Example 1 in acrylic acid having a water content of 970 ppm by v.'eighi;. As a resuJt, the v.'ejght loss of the test piece due to corrosion during a period of 10 days was O.OOlg. Example 4 The procedure in Comparative Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion except that into the flask was fed a solution of ethylene glycol at a concentration of 10,000 ppm by weight based on acrylic acid along with the cupric dibutyluithiocarbamate at a concentration same as in Comparative Example 1 in acrylic acid having a water content of 120 ppm by weight. As a result, the weight loss of the test piece due to corrosion during a period of 10 days was 0.003g. Example 5 Example 7 The procedure in Compara'tive Example 1 was repeated to carry out the experiment on polymerization and corrosion except that into the f]a5=:k was fed a solution of boric acid at a concentration of 3,300 ppm by weight based on acrylic acid along with the cuprlc dibutyldithiocarbamate at a concentrntion same as in Comparative Example I in acrylic WE CLAIM : 1. A process for the preparation of a vinyl compound such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like in a distillation system wherein the improvement comprises in carrying out said distillation in the presence of at least one corrosion inhibitive substance selected from the group consisting of (a) an aliphatic alcohol or an aromatic alcohol selected from the group consisting of xylenol, benzyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol, (b) an inorganic acid or a salt thereof, (c) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof and (d) a zinc-containing salt to coexist with a metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid for preventing polymerization of the vinyl compound with the metallic salt of dithiocarbamic acid during said distillation and thereafter recovering said vinyl compound therefrom in a known manner. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the amount of said corrosion inhibitive substance is from 0.001 to 5% by weight based on the vinyl compound. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic alcohol is an aliphatic primary alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a polyhydric alcohol. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic acid is an oxoacid. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic acid is selected from boric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The process according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic acid is phosphoric acid. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the metallic salt or dithiocarbamic acid is cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the metallic salt or ditliiocarbamic acid is cupric dibutyldithiocarbamate and tlie inorganic acid is phosphoric acid. 9. A process for the preparation of a vinyl compound such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the like in a distillation system, substantially as herein described and exemplified.

Documents:

1121-mas-1995 abstract.pdf

1121-mas-1995 claims.pdf

1121-mas-1995 correspondence-others.pdf

1121-mas-1995 correspondence-po.pdf

1121-mas-1995 description (complete).pdf

1121-mas-1995 form-26.pdf

1121-mas-1995 form-4.pdf

1121-mas-1995 form-6.pdf

1121-mas-1995 petition.pdf